Annulohypoxylon (Hypoxylaceae, Ascomycota) from Amazonian‐forest of Brazil, with a description of one new species

Abstract

The Amazon forest is the biggest tropical forest in the world, known to shelter the largest biodiversity of animals, plants and microorganisms worldwide. As to the mycodiversity of this biome, little is known since most of the mycological investigations in Brazil have been in the Atlantic Rainforest. This study presents a description of ten species of Annulohypoxylon (Hypoxylaceae, Ascomycota) from Amazonian forest of Brazil. Annulohypoxylon moriforme, A. purpureonitens, A. stygium and A. truncatum, have already been recorded in this forest, while A. archeri, A. leptascum and A. nitens are reported for the first time here. A. cf. pyriforme may represent a new record from Brazil and Annulohypoxylon sp. may represent a new species. Annulohypoxylon duckei sp. nov. is proposed, based on the fawn colour of the surface when young, ostiolar disc of truncatum ‐type (0.17–0.25 mm diam.), greenish yellow pigment, and ellipsoid ascospores (8–10 × 3–5 µm). Identification keys, morphological descriptions, and illustrations are presented for all species.

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