Abstract
Neolepas osheai sp. nov. is described from collections made at depths of 1200–1700 m within the Brothers Caldera, a site of hydrothermal venting and active volcanism in the southern portion of the Havre Trough. N. osheai sp. nov. is similar to other Neolepas in that it is hermaphroditic, has very specialised cirri, and occupies a “deep water” hydro‐thermal vent habitat. It differs from other species in its trophic structures and the nature of the peduncle. This new record increases the number of described Neolepas species to four, three of which are living. The other, a fossil, is however tentatively ascribed to the genus and is known in rocks of Early Jurassic age. All are from the Southern Hemisphere.