Fatiguing high-intensity intermittent exercise depresses maximal Na+-K+-ATPase activity in human skeletal muscle assessed using a novel NADH-coupled assay

Abstract

The Na + -K + -ATPase is a critical regulator of ion homeostasis during contraction, buffering interstitial K + accumulation, which is linked to muscle fatigue during intense exercise. Within this context, we adopted a recently reported methodology to examine exercise-induced alterations in maximal Na + -K + -ATPase activity. Eighteen trained healthy young males completed a repeated high-intensity cycling protocol consisting of three periods (EX1-EX3) of intermittent exercise. Each period comprised 10 × 45-s cycling at ~ 105% W max and a repeated sprint test. Muscle biopsies were sampled at baseline and after EX3 for determination of maximal in vitro Na + -K + -ATPase activity. Blood was drawn after each period and in association with a 2-min cycling test at a standardized high intensity (~ 90% W max ) performed before and after the session to assess plasma K + accumulation. Further, a 5-h recovery period with the ingestion of carbohydrate or placebo supplementation was implemented to explore potential effects of carbohydrate availability before sampling a final biopsy and repeating all tests. A ~ 12% reduction in maximal Na + -K + -ATPase activity was demonstrated following EX3 compared to baseline (25.2 ± 3.9 vs. 22.4 ± 4.8 μmol·min −1 ·g −1 protein, P = 0.039), which was sustained at the recovery time point (~ 15% decrease compared to baseline to 21.6 ± 5.9 μmol·min −1 ·g −1 protein, P = 0.008). No significant effect of carbohydrate supplementation was observed on maximal Na + -K + -ATPase activity after recovery ( P = 0.078). In conclusion, we demonstrate an exercise-induced depression of maximal Na + -K + -ATPase activity following high-intensity intermittent exercise, which was sustained during a 5-h recovery period and unrelated to carbohydrate availability under the present experimental conditions. This was shown using a novel NADH coupled assay and confirms previous findings using other methodological approaches.

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