Abstract
At present, there is no commonly used method for predicting soil resistance to the driving (SRD) of monopiles, because all available methods are developed based on an installed offshore pile with a diameter of 2–3 m. In addition, due to the complexity of soil profiles in situ, the accuracy of methods used is often not stable under different soil conditions. Based on two typical stratified soil conditions of offshore wind farms in the East China Sea, which are clay-interlayered sand and sand-interlayered clay where, according to the pile driving records of the monopiles in sites, the SRD is obtained by back analysis using the method of the wave equation. At the same time, SRD is also calculated using Steven and Alm methods and compared with that of the back analysis. The results show that the SRDs from the Steven and Alm methods are basically consistent with that of the back analysis, but the predicted SRD of the clay layer is higher than that of back analysis, while the predicted SRD of the sand layer is lower. Based on the characteristics of SRD in different soil layers, a modified method for calculating unit friction in clay and the unit end resistance in sand is proposed for stratified soil, and the error between SRD of the proposed method and of the back analysis was approximately 20%. It could be helpful to improve the accuracy of the monopile drivability analysis in stratified soil.