Abstract
Coastal and estuarine morphogenetic evolution has been affected by anthropogenic activities. Human activities have become an important external force for the future prediction of morphological evolution in ecosystem health. We have reviewed the existing literature on modelling the impacts of human activities on morphological changes. Three types of approaches (the application of coastal-area morphodynamic models, equilibrium modelling, and machine learning) are introduced collaboratively to complement each other. The Bayes network of machine learning approaches can be used to include the uncertainties of forces and the intrinsic limitations of the models. Future research should consider the bio-morphodynamic effects of human activities, as human activities have significantly damaged the ecosystem. Modelling morphodynamic processes in benthic communities, as well as feedback to morphodynamics, appears to be increasingly important for ecosystem protection and restoration. From the perspective of a longer time span, the feedback of morphodynamics for human activities should be considered in the modelling, which requires better quantification and understanding of human–nature interactions.