Abstract
Floating photovoltaic systems are rapidly gaining popularity due to their advantages in conserving land resources and their high energy conversion efficiency, making them a promising option for photovoltaic power generation. However, these systems face challenges in offshore environments characterized by high salinity, humidity, and variable irradiation, which necessitate effective maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technologies to optimize performance. Currently, there is limited research in this area, and few reviews analyze it comprehensively. This paper provides a thorough review of MPPT techniques applicable to floating photovoltaic systems, evaluating the suitability of various methods under marine conditions. Traditional algorithms require modifications to address the drift phenomena under uniform irradiation, while different GMPPT techniques exhibit distinct strengths and limitations in partial shading conditions (PSCs). Hardware reconfiguration technologies are not suitable for offshore use, and while sampled data-based techniques are simple, they carry the risk of erroneous judgments. Intelligent technologies face implementation challenges. Hybrid algorithms, which can combine the advantages of multiple approaches, emerge as a more viable solution. This review aims to serve as a valuable reference for engineers researching MPPT technologies for floating photovoltaic systems.