Abstract
The beam trawl is one of the primary operational trawls for Antarctic krill, and its beam provides horizontal expansion support for the trawl net. The hydrodynamic performance of the beam significantly affects the vertical expansion and sinking performance of the trawl, as well as impacts the energy consumption of the fishing vessel. In this study, the beam of the Antarctic krill trawl used on the “Shen Lan” fishing vessel served as a prototype. Three types of beams, cylindrical, airfoil, and elliptical, were designed. The hydrodynamic performances of beams with different shapes at different angles of attack were studied using numerical simulation, and the accuracy of the numerical simulation was validated through the flume test. The results show that the cylindrical beam has a higher drag coefficient and a lower lift coefficient, compared to the airfoil beam and the elliptical beam. Under different angles of attack, the cylindrical beam’s drag coefficient is, on average, 49.54% higher than that of the airfoil beam and 59.74% higher than that of the elliptical beam. Its lift coefficient is 87.79% lower than that of the airfoil beam and 85.06% lower than that of the elliptical beam, respectively. At different angles of attack, the hydrodynamic coefficients of the airfoil beam and the elliptical beam are similar, and their trends, with respect to the angle of attack, are generally consistent. The drag coefficients increase with an increasing angle of attack, while the lift coefficients show a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing with an increasing angle of attack. The absolute values of the lift coefficients for the airfoil beam and the elliptical beam both reach their maximum values at an angle of attack of 45°, with values of 0.703 and 0.473, respectively. Compared to the cylindrical beam, the hydrodynamic performances of the airfoil beam and elliptical beam are superior.