Journal Article
Molecular Mechanism of Absorption, Transport and Metabolic Transformation of Astaxanthin in Aquatic Animals
Huakang Peng; Yihui Du; Qianwen Ding; Dongdong Du; Ruyue Dong; Chao Ran; Zhen Zhang; Yuanyuan Yao; Hui Liang; Ming Li; Nan Wang; Yalin Yang; Zhigang Zhou
Reviews in Aquaculture · Vol. 18, Issue 4 · 2026
Abstract
The global astaxanthin market reached $1.69 billion in 2024, with 47% directed to aquafeed—yet the molecular basis of its absorption, metabolism, deposition, and storage in aquatic organisms remains incompletely resolved. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms will help optimize feed formulations, enhance astaxanthin bioavailability, and improve economic efficiency in aquaculture. This study investigates the absorption mechanisms of astaxanthin mediated by intestinal lipid transporters (SR‐B1, CD36, NPC1L1) and its utilization/deposition in different tissues and organs. It reviews the latest research progress on major absorption pathways, metabolic processes, and storage forms of astaxanthin in aquatic organisms, analyzes key factors affecting its utilization efficiency, and discusses potential future research directions to provide a scientific basis and theoretical support for aquaculture practices.