Abstract
Farming freshwater prawns with fish in rice fields is widespread in the coastal region of southwest B angladesh because of favourable resources and ecological conditions. This article provides an overview of an ecosystem‐based approach to integrated prawn–fish–rice farming in southwest B angladesh. The practice of prawn and fish farming in rice fields is a form of integrated aquaculture–agriculture, which provides a wide range of social, economic and environmental benefits. Integrated prawn–fish–rice farming plays an important role in the economy of B angladesh, earning foreign exchange and increasing food production. However, this unique farming system in coastal B angladesh is particularly vulnerable to climate change. We suggest that community‐based adaptation strategies must be developed to cope with the challenges. We propose that integrated prawn–fish–rice farming could be relocated from the coastal region to less vulnerable inland areas, but caution that this will require appropriate adaptation strategies and an enabling institutional environment.