Journal Article
Current research on aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) in Germany
Ruben Stemmle; Alireza Arab; Sebastian Bauer; Christof Beyer; Guido Blöcher; Claire Bossennec; Maximilian Dörnbrack; Florian Hahn; Philip Jaeger; Stefan Kranz; Alexandra Mauerberger; Jan Niklas Nordheim; Max Ohagen; Elena Petrova; Simona Regenspurg; Detlev Rettenmaier; Ali Saadat; Ingo Sass; Traugott Scheytt; Niklas Scholliers; Haibing Shao; Kalliopi Tzoufka; Kai Zosseder; Philipp Blum
Grundwasser · Vol. 30, Issue 2 · pp. 107-124 · 2025
Abstract
This paper reviews the current research on aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) and mine thermal energy storage (MTES) in Germany providing descriptions of 3 low-temperature ATES (LT-ATES), 8 high-temperature ATES (HT-ATES), and 2 MTES research sites. While the overview reveals a diverse field of investigations spanning various spatial scales, research objectives, and methodologies, the predominant focus is limited to early-stage research with low technology readiness levels (TRL). The high number of HT-ATES research sites suggests greater research interest compared to LT-ATES. The integration of ATES into district heating (DH) grids in particular is a prominent research focus, yet almost none of the projects are specifically intended for practical implementation. Future research should therefore prioritize real-world demonstration projects and identify key locations, which is crucial for showcasing the benefits of ATES. The need for a streamlined regulatory framework that addresses environmental risks and ensures installation quality and efficient permit procedures is also discussed.