Abstract
Population structure and demographic history of the Japanese Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius a highly piscivorous and migratory marine fish, were assessed using mitochondrial DNA control region sequences ( n = 720) and microsatellite genotypes at five loci ( n = 1331) for samples collected on Japanese coasts from 2001 to 2010. The population structure was panmictic and the haplotype and allele frequencies were temporally stable even during the recent recovery process. Demographic expansion was strongly supported throughout the Pleistocene, suggesting that the oscillating glacial and interglacial climate conditions in the Pleistocene had no substantial impact on the demographic history of S. niphonius .