Abstract
The genus Microphysogobio was established by Mori [Mori, T. (1934). The fresh water fishes of Jehol. In Report of the first scientific expedition to Manchoukuo. 1: pp. 1–61] based on a single specimen ( Microphysogobio hsinglungshanensis ) collected in the Luanhe River basin, Xinglong County, Hebei Province, China. Because the genus characteristics were derived from its type species, M. hsinglungshanensis , the detailed description is essential. In addition, to distinguish M. hsinglungshanensis and Microphysogobio chinssuensis , the description based on holotype and more specimens is needed. M. hsinglungshanensis can be distinguished from all other congeners by the following combination of characters: mouth shallow arc shaped and inferior; medial pad on lower lip inverted trapezoid and usually grooved; barbel short, 6.9%–14.3% in head length; lateral‐line scales 38–39; ventral region between pectoral‐fin origin and pelvic‐fin origin scaleless; scales above lateral line 4–4.5; predorsal scales 10–11; vertebrae 4 + 32 – 34; caudal‐fin membrane with two or three rows of irregular black spots. The characteristics of this genus were redefined based on M. hsinglungshanensis in this study.