Translocation of elements and fractionation of Mg, Cu, Zn, and Cd stable isotopes in a penny bun mushroom (Boletus edulis) from western Czech Republic

Abstract

Boletus edulis mushroom behaved as an accumulating biosystem with respect to Ag, Rb, Zn, and K. The mushroom was not an efficient accumulator of toxic As, Pb, and Cr, but Se and Cd displayed much higher concentrations in the mushroom than in the substrate samples. Other elements were bioexclusive. Different elements had different within-mushroom mobilities. The highest mobilities were displayed by Zn and Ag, and the lowest by Ti. The mushroom’s fruiting body preferentially took up lighter Mg, Cu, and Cd isotopes (Δ 26 Mg FB-soil = −0.75‰; Δ 65 Cu FB-soil = −0.96‰; Δ 114 Cd FB-soil = −0.63‰), and the heavier 66 Zn isotope (Δ 66 Zn FB-soil = 0.92‰). Positive within-mushroom Zn isotope fractionation resulted in accumulation of the heavier 66 Zn (Δ 66 Zn cap-stipe = 0.12‰) in the mushroom’s upper parts. Cadmium displayed virtually no within-mushroom isotope fractionation. Different parts of the fruiting body fractionated Mg and Cu isotopes differently. The middle part of the stipe (3–6 cm) was strongly depleted in the heavier 26 Mg with respect to the 0–3 cm (Δ 26 Mg stipe(3–6)-stipe(0–3) = −0.73‰) and 6–9 cm (Δ 26 Mg stipe(6–9)-stipe(3–6) = 0.28‰) sections. The same stipe part was strongly enriched in the heavier 65 Cu with respect to the 0–3 cm (Δ 65 Cu stipe(3–6)-stipe(0–3) = 0.63‰) and 6–9 cm (Δ 65 Cu stipe(6–9)-stipe(3–6) = −0.42‰) sections. An overall tendency for the upper mushroom’s parts to accumulate heavier isotopes was noted for Mg (Δ 26 Mg cap-stipe = 0.20‰), Zn (Δ 66 Zn cap-stipe = 0.12‰), and Cd (Δ 114 Cd cap-stipe = 0.04‰), whereas Cu showed the opposite trend (Δ 65 Cu cap-stipe = −0.08‰).

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