Abstract
Soybean is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world. The soybean oil contains various fatty acids. Their concentrations determine the quality and nutritional value of soybean oil. On the other hand, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping for the concentrations of soybean predominant fatty acids could provide the genetic basis for soybean fatty acid composition. In this study, a soybean genetic linkage map was constructed based on 161 polymorphic SSR markers in recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross of cv. Luheidou2 × Nanhuizao. By using this map, 35 additive QTLs underlying individual fatty acid concentrations were identified in single environment, while 17 additive QTLs were identified underlying specific fatty acids across multiple environments or underlying multiple fatty acids. Fifteen of the 52 loci were found to be novel loci, explaining 5–24 % of phenotypic variation. Moreover, 25 epistatic QTLs were identified and explained a high phenotypic variation for the fatty acid concentrations, suggesting an essential role of epistatic effect for fatty acid concentrations. The identification of additive and epistatic QTLs suggested a complex network for soybean fatty acid concentrations, and will facilitate the understanding for fatty acid accumulation.