A conditioned backward fractional-derivative model for identifying super-diffusive pollutant source in aquatic systems with multiple observation data - Feng Zhang; Yong Zhang; HongGuang Sun (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Vertical textural contract (VTC) increases seawater evaporation from heterogeneous sand - Jing Yan; Wenjuan Zheng; Yan Jin (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Intermittent flow paths in biofilms grown in a microfluidic channel - Kerem Bozkurt; Christoph Lohrmann; Felix Weinhardt; Daniel Hanke; Raphael Hopp; Robin Gerlach; Christian Holm; Holger Class (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Homogenization-informed convolutional neural network to predict permeability and dispersion in porous media - Ross M. Weber; Ilenia Battiato (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

From pore-scale physics to macroscopic flow dynamics in porous media micromodels with different wettability - Jesús Fernández; Amanda C.S.N. Pessoa; Clarice de Amorim; Jorge Avendaño; Márcio S. Carvalho (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Karhunen–Loève deep learning method for surrogate modeling and approximate Bayesian parameter estimation - Yuanzhe Wang; Yifei Zong; James L. McCreight; Joseph D. Hughes; Michael Fienen; Alexandre M. Tartakovsky (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Transient forcing in heterogeneous aquifers drives solute containment and chaotic mixing - Satoshi Tajima; Marco Dentz (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

A new Matrix Equivalent Discrete Fracture Network model for variable density flow in fractured porous media - Anis Younes (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

A variational framework for inverse modeling: Case study in CO₂ sequestration - Zhen Zhang; Xupeng He (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Experimental study on the dynamic filtration characteristics of supercritical CO2 foam fracturing fluid in porous media - Xudi Wu; Xingyi Chen; Jian Ma; Yang Xu; Baolun Niu; Wei Liu (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Estimation of relative permeability curves in porous media induced by electroosmotic flow through pore-scale two-phase flow simulations - Zhenlei Zhang; Zhigang Sun; Minghui Gao; Wei Zhou; Diansheng Wang; Lei Zhu; Ziqiang Wang; Yudou Wang (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Enhancing hydrological modelling with reanalysis soil moisture: A data-driven approach for optimizing initial conditions through reanalysis integration - Lingxue Liu; Yufeng Ren; Zirui Li; Li Zhou (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Dynamic Mode Decomposition of 4D imaging data to explore intermittent fluid connectivity in subsurface flows - Aman Raizada; Steffen Berg; Sally M. Benson; Hamdi A. Tchelepi; Catherine Spurin (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Deep learning-based surrogate modeling for underground hydrogen storage - Shuojia Fu; Shaowen Mao; Alvaro Carbonero; Bharat Srikishan; Neala Creasy; Hichem Chellal; Mohamed Mehana (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Scale-dependent permeability in geologic formations: Renormalization group theory and finite-size scaling analysis - Misagh Esmaeilpour; Cheng Chen; Saeid Sadeghnejad; Behzad Ghanbarian (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Sedimentation simulation model testing for silty soil water infiltration after Hortonian overland flow - Stephanos D.V. Giakoumatos; Christina Siontorou; Dimitrios Sidiras (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Dominant spatiotemporal structures in total water storage anomalies - G. Libero; V. Ciriello (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

A stochastic modeling framework for radionuclide migration from deep geological repositories considering spatial variability - Zhibao Zheng; Xuerui Wang; Judith Flügge; Thomas Nagel (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

The effects of water motion on fragmentation of Asparagopsis armata - Ailise M. Hall; Paul M. South; Jordan E. Elvy; Andrew G. Jeffs (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2025)
The red seaweed Asparagopsis armata presents a promising solution to reducing methane production in ruminant livestock when included in their daily diet. To effectively address these emissions from ruminants in an effort to meet crucial climate targets, the development of efficient cultivation methods for the large‐scale aquaculture of this species is imperative. This study examined the effects of water motion, specifically the effect of water turbulence and laminar velocity on fragmentation of two key life stages of A . armata to understand the potential for fragmentation to contribute to vegetative propagation for commercial cultivation and to assess the potential for losses from marine farms. Increased water motion generally resulted in greater fragmentation in the tetrasporophyte and gametophyte life stages of A. armata . Greater seawater turbulence and velocities led to a greater number, biomass and size of fragments from tetrasporophytes, resulting in an increased number of potentially viable vegetative propagules. The findings of this research contribute to the understanding of fragmentation of A. armata to inform the development of efficient and sustainable aquaculture, contributing to the goal of reducing agricultural methane emissions.

Seaweed aquaculture research in New Zealand: current advances, benefits, challenges, and perspectives - Cecilia Biancacci; Andrew Jeffs; Marie Magnusson; David Taylor (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2025)

Experimental assessment of growing substrates for the early life stages of five large brown seaweeds - Dan Crossett; Cecilia Biancacci; Dana E. Clark; Paul M. South (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2025)
Seaweed cultivation, especially for large brown algae (LBA; e.g. Laminariales, Fucales) is in development in many regions worldwide. Identifying appropriate growing substrates is a key step for establishing successful seaweed cultivation. We investigated the effects of four substrates with aquaculture and restoration potential on the density and length of recruits of five LBA in a series of 42‐day‐long experiments. The substrates assessed were green‐lipped mussel shells ( Perna canaliculus ), concrete gravel, fibreglass, and polyester twine. Reproductive material used to produce spores or gametes for experiments was sourced from the wild and collected in three seasons: early winter (June), late winter (August) and spring (October) in 2023. The LBA recruited and grew on all substrates. Ecklonia radiata had the greatest density and length on mussels and fibreglass. Macrocystis pyrifera had the lowest density and length on fibreglass. Landsburgia quercifolia had the greatest density and length on concrete and mussels. Cystophora retroflexa were most dense on fibreglass and twine but were longest on concrete and mussels. Cystophora scalaris were most dense on twine but grew the longest on mussels. Our study demonstrated that optimal growing substrates for LBA are species‐specific and identified novel, recycled materials for growing LBA for aquaculture or restoration purposes.

Assessment of the potential of the fucoid seaweed, Hormosira banksii , as a source of fucoidan and coculture on a Pacific oyster farm in New Zealand - Candace Loy; Andrew Jeffs (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2025)
This study investigated the potential for developing a new seaweed species for aquaculture by assessing its fucoidan yield and coculturing in an intertidal hanging basket culture system with Pacific oysters. Hormosira banksii , or Neptune's necklace, is a common intertidal seaweed found throughout temperate Australia and New Zealand, which is highly tolerant of a wide range of environmental conditions, is easily bred and grows vegetatively, making it a good species for potential aquaculture development for the region. Analyses of fucoidan yield of samples from six sites in northern NZ found it was comparable to commercial yield from other fucoid species (i.e. 2.1%–7.7% of dry biomass), with fucoidan yield varying with seaweed source location. The hanging intertidal oyster baskets were not suitable for the culture of this seaweed (assessed at 200 and 149 days after outplanting). However, the seaweed showed variable resilience linked to source location. There is potential to advance H. banksii aquaculture in light of favourable fucoidan yield, provided a suitable culture method can be developed.

The significance of microbiota in New Zealand seaweed aquaculture - Olivia C. Macrae; Chelsea J. Vickers (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2025)
Seaweed‐associated microbes are the metabolic heavy lifters in the symbiotic relationship between the seaweed microbiome and their host macroalgae. In exchange for fixed carbon and an exclusive niche habitat offered by the host, the microbial consort performs a litany of crucial metabolic functions including vitamin production, nitrogen fixation, growth and reproductive signalling, pathogen resistance and mitigation of environmental stressors. Metabolic dependence and interactions of terrestrial plants and their associated microbiome have been leveraged in agriculture with great success. The growing New Zealand Seaweed aquaculture industry is poised to benefit similarly from the identification and utilisation of seaweed beneficial bacteria (SBB) releasing, for example, alga growth‐ and morphogenesis‐promoting factor. The capability of SBB in ameliorating growth of seaweed in aquaculture, and as innate modulators of seaweed components, also demonstrates potential in extracting desired products during processing of aquaculture biomass. Here, we present the current position of knowledge regarding SBB, and their applications in enhancement of aquaculture and processing of seaweed biomass to generate high‐value products. We also outline future directions required to leverage the potential of SBB in New Zealand aquaculture.

Assessing new microalgae species as potential feed for bivalve spat in nursery culture - Leslie T. Sampollo; Lesley L. Rhodes; María Múgica; Andrew G. Jeffs (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2025)
Microalgae remains a primary food source for hatchery and nursery culture of juvenile bivalves. However, there is a mismatch between the characteristics of the microalgae currently used in nursery culture and the feeding abilities and nutritional requirements of juveniles of some bivalve species, such as the green‐lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus . Therefore, there is a need to identify new species of microalgae for this purpose that have favourable cell size, good growth performance under culture conditions and appropriate nutritional content for juvenile bivalves by using these characteristics as primary selection criteria. In this study, the growth performance under standard culture conditions of four microalgae species ( Chrysochromulina camella , Gymnodinium simplex , Pyramimonas parkeae and Stephanodiscus niagarae ) which are of a sufficiently large cell size to meet the needs of juvenile mussels (i.e. 10–20 µm size range) were tested in comparison to three commonly cultured commercial species ( Chaetoceros muelleri , Diacronema lutheri and Tisochrysis lutea ). Results show that G. simplex , S. niagarae and the two strains of P. parkeae ( P. parkeae (C) and P. parkeae (I)) can achieve similar biomass as the reference species in the intermediate (1 L) culture stages despite the large difference in cell densities. The poor growth of C. camella in F/2 media indicates a necessity of determining its appropriate culture conditions before further assessing its suitability as a nursery feed for juvenile bivalves. The proximate analysis of S. niagarae , G. simplex and P. parkeae (I) reveals nutritional profiles conducive to spat development. However, the P. parkeae (C) strain contained low carbohydrate content, suggesting inferior nutritional value compared to the P. parkeae (I) strain, showing that variants of the same species can have different biochemical composition and suggesting the former might have limited suitability for feeding in nursery culture. The findings indicate that G. simplex , S. niagarae and P. parkeae (C) hold sufficient promise as spat feed in nursery culture to warrant further testing to confirm their efficacy as live microalgal feed for bivalve spat.

Nutritional composition of common, coastal seaweeds from northeastern New Zealand - Georgia Hrstich‐Manning; J. David Aguirre (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2025)
Seaweeds provide important macronutrients for marine herbivores and potential for aquaculture. However, the nutritional content of most New Zealand seaweeds is undocumented. Here, the nutritional composition of eleven common, littoral seaweed species in northeastern New Zealand was examined using proximate composition analysis. Overall, red seaweeds were highest in protein and insoluble fibre, brown seaweeds were highest in lipids and soluble carbohydrates, and green seaweeds were highest in moisture and ash. More specifically, red seaweeds Asparagopsis armata and Pterocladiella capillacea were highest in protein, while Corallina officinalis was highest in ash and much lower in other macronutrients. Brown seaweeds Carpophyllum maschalocarpum and Cystophora retroflexa were highest in soluble carbohydrates, C. retroflexa was highest in lipids, and Xiphophora chondrophylla was highest in insoluble fibre. Across all species, green seaweeds Codium fragile and Ulva cf. lactuca were highest in moisture. In summary, this study provides a baseline of the nutritional composition of various common seaweeds in northeastern New Zealand, encourages research examining drivers of variability in nutritional composition and highlights commercial opportunities in New Zealand's burgeoning seaweed sector.

Intrapopulation variation in reproduction of Lessonia variegata J. Agardh - Cecilia Biancacci; Paul M. South; Nicholas Scott; Daniel Crossett; Kevin Heasman (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2025)
Lessonia variegata is an Aotearoa‐New Zealand (A‐NZ)‐endemic kelp with significant commercial potential. Overseas, Lessonia spp. are harvested for use as human and animal food, cosmetics, and bioactives for biomedical applications. In A‐NZ, interest in developing cultivation methodologies and commercial applications for L. variegata is growing, especially because it is an exposed‐shore species which makes it an ideal candidate for exposed‐coast or open‐ocean aquaculture. However, establishing cultivation of L. variegata in A‐NZ is currently challenging because essential knowledge about its reproduction and sporophyte development is generally unknown. This preliminary study investigated the intrapopulation variation in the reproductive output of L. variegata individuals collected from one population on the north‐east coast of the South Island, A‐NZ by quantifying the number of spores released, the percentage and number of spores settling, their germination, sex ratio, sporophyte production and growth. There were significant differences among individuals in the number of spores released and germinated, as well as the production of sporophytes and their growth. However, the sex ratio and the percentages and numbers of spores settling were similar among individuals. Evident differences reported in spores released and development can have possible implications for aquaculture including biobanks or sporophytes production.

Notes on the experimental laboratory and field culture of Lessonia variegata (Laminariales) - Kate Neill; Sheryl Miller; Wendy Nelson (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2025)
The kelp Lessonia variegata J. Agardh (Lessoniaceae) is a potential aquaculture target for bioactive compounds. We investigated the control and management of Lessonia gametogenesis, the settlement and retention of sporophytes on various culture strings, and the upscaling of string settlement for field trials. In the laboratory we held gametophytes at low light conditions for 2.5 months before altering conditions to stimulate them into the next part of the life cycle. Settlement and development of sporophytes was highest on Korean culture string, followed by Builders Line, however after agitation, fewer sporophytes were dislodged from the Builders Line. Larger scale settlement of spores onto 15 m lengths of Builders Line was successful, with sporophytes reaching ∼5 mm length in 46 days. Eight weeks after out‐planting, the sporophytes were heavily fouled with other algae. Although the results presented here were small‐scale and lack replication, they add to the existing knowledge on the biology and cultivation of this species.

Line configuration and farming depth markedly affect survival and growth in the kelp Ecklonia radiata - Jacob Nepper‐Davidsen; Marie Magnusson; Christopher R. K. Glasson; Rebecca J. Lawton (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2025)
The native kelp Ecklonia radiata is a target species for the emerging seaweed aquaculture industry in New Zealand, however, the effect of line configuration on survival and growth of farmed seaweed is unknown. In this study, we outplanted nine seaweed growth lines (with 20 individuals each) in three line configurations (vertical, horizontal 2 m depth, and horizontal 4 m depth) in northern New Zealand for grow‐out between August 2021 and April 2022. Initial survival rates were similar between line configurations, but only individuals growing on vertical lines survived after four months (38% ± 12 SD). Similarly, on vertical lines, average juvenile growth by elongation was 85% higher (0.11 cm day −1 ± 0.03 SD) and maximum average weight of individuals was 77% higher (106 g WW ± 73 SD), compared to horizontal lines. Unusually warm water temperatures were likely a central driver for the overall high mortality of E. radiata observed from January to April, while a combination of temperature and light stress was likely a central driver for higher mortality observed on vertical lines at shallow depths compared to deeper depths. In conclusion, this study supports farming E. radiata on vertical dropper lines rather than horizontal lines.

Research Progress on the Roles of Mitochondria and Mitophagy in Fish Innate Immunity - Yunli Zhang; Chen Li; Xianghui Kong (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Mitochondria, known as the energy powerhouses of cells, also have a significant role in the innate immune response. Consequently, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is crucial for overall organismal health. Mitochondrial quality is tightly regulated through processes such as mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy. However, compared to mammals, the regulatory roles of mitochondria and mitophagy in fish immunity have been less extensively studied. This article provides a comprehensive review of mitochondrial quality control and mitophagy mechanisms, with a particular focus on summarizing the mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) pathway and its interactions with viruses in fish. Additionally, it explores the interplay between MAVS and innate immunity, the association between mitophagy and viral infections in fish, and how the regulation of mitophagy can promote fish health. By enhancing the understanding of the functions of mitochondria and mitophagy in fish immunity, this review offers valuable insights for disease prevention, control, and the sustainable development of fish populations.

Mariculture Narratives in Climate Change Research and Policy: Alignment, Mismatch, and Opportunities for a Climate‐Resilient Industry - Elizabeth O. Ruff; Lillian M. Bradshaw; Sarah E. Lester (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Like other sectors of our global food system, marine aquaculture (mariculture) is threatened by a myriad of stressors resulting from a changing climate. Increasing attention has been given to the impact of these stressors on mariculture across a variety of taxonomies and geographies. Alongside this perspective of mariculture as vulnerable to climate change impacts, another narrative has also emerged framing mariculture as a potential mitigation and adaptation measure against climate change. Here, we evaluate the scope and context of these differing narratives across the peer‐reviewed literature and how they are reflected in national mariculture and climate change policy across 31 representative countries. Our literature review identifies a strong research bias toward mariculture being impacted by climate change (75%), with a similar trend present across the small number of relevant policies. While there is broad narrative alignment between science and policy at a global level, in comparing country‐level case studies to their corresponding national policies, we find that five countries have no alignment between research and policy with respect to individual climate change stressors; though most countries have at least some degree of alignment. Strategic governance is a critical tool for responding to climate change and has been shown to play a significant role in shaping the marine aquaculture industry. Our analysis highlights a pattern of science and policy mismatch that could lead to missed opportunities to leverage mariculture's potential as a climate change mitigation and adaptation tool as well as bolster the industry's resilience to climate impacts.

Reviewing the Severity of Handling‐Induced Injuries in the LAKSVEL Protocol for Salmon Welfare - Lars Helge Stien; Chris Noble; Angelico Madaro; Jonatan Nilsson; René Alvestad; Kristine Gismervik; Ewa Harasimczuk; Hogne Bleie; Karoline Skaar Amthor; Marc B. M. Bracke (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Injuries from lice treatments are ranked as a major cause of mortality and poor welfare for Atlantic salmon in marine net pens. As a result, scoring schemes based on the external appearance of injuries and severity are now frequently used. One such recently developed scheme for farmed salmon is the LAKSVEL protocol, inspired by previous schemes such as the SWIM models and the FISHWELL scoring system. Here we review the injury‐based welfare indicators (WIs) in the LAKSVEL protocol that can be associated with and induced by handling: Scale loss, Skin bleeding, Body wounds, Snout wounds, Eye injuries, Operculum damage, Gill status, and Fin damage. We used semantic modeling as a formalized procedure to attain information from the literature on how each of these injury‐based WIs is likely to affect the injured fish in the days and weeks to come. Based on the reviews, we then followed the semantic modeling procedure to define weighting categories and score the welfare consequences of each WI and their levels. Results showed that injuries to eyes, gills, and snout are particularly harmful to the fish, followed by penetrating body wounds, operculum damage, and fin damage; but also injuries such as scale loss and skin bleeding can have severe consequences, especially if they indicate unseen internal injuries. It is our hope that the presented reviews and modeling of welfare consequences will be a valuable resource for fish farmers and fish health personnel in their decision‐making processes and thereby contribute to improved fish welfare in the salmon aquaculture industry.

Nitrite Toxicity in Shrimp Aquaculture: Mechanisms, Health Impacts, and Sustainable Mitigation Strategies - Dan‐Dan Bian; Yan‐Xia Shi; Xue Zhang; Xin Liu; Jun‐Jie Jiang; Xi‐Rong Zhu; Dai‐Zhen Zhang; Qiu‐Ning Liu; Bao‐Jian Zhu; Bo‐Ping Tang (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
The rapid expansion of intensive aquaculture systems has caused escalating environmental challenges due to excessive nitrogenous waste accumulation, which surpasses the metabolic capacity of aquatic microbiota and elevates nitrite concentrations. As a pervasive environmental toxin, nitrite induces oxidative stress, disrupts metabolic homeostasis, and compromises gut microbiota and immune function in shrimp, leading to mass mortality, economic losses, and ecological disruption. These impacts threaten both aquaculture productivity and ecological sustainability. This review synthesizes three decades of research to elucidate the multifactorial mechanisms of nitrite toxicity, including genotoxicity, apoptosis, growth impairment, and dysregulated cellular signaling pathways. Key findings highlight that nitrite overload impairs mitochondrial function, dysregulates apoptosis pathways, and interferes with growth and reproductive processes, thereby undermining shrimp development and reproduction. To address these challenges, the review evaluates emerging mitigation strategies such as antioxidant‐enriched feeds, probiotic modulation, and biofloc technology, which optimize nitrogen cycling, enhance detoxification capacity, restore microbial equilibrium, and improve survival rates in experimental trials. Unlike prior fragmented studies, this review integrates mechanistic insights into nitrite toxicity with scalable interventions, proposing a novel decision framework for system‐specific nitrite management. This framework offers actionable recommendations for policymakers and industry stakeholders to balance aquaculture productivity with ecological sustainability. By advancing the understanding of nitrite's ecotoxicological impacts, this review charts a path toward resilient and sustainable aquaculture systems, transforming mechanistic insights into preventive protocols and offering a holistic perspective on nitrite pollution control that reconciles economic objectives with ecological sustainability.

Essential Oil Compounds as Antibiotic Alternatives: A Comprehensive Review of Antibacterial, Anti‐Quorum Sensing, and Antibiofilm Effects Against Vibrio spp. in Aquaculture - Ramanathan Srinivasan; Xingkun Jin; Xiangmin Lin; Zhe Zhao (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
As global food demand rises, land‐based production faces challenges such as limited arable land and sustainability concerns, whereas seafood offers a nutritionally diverse and environmentally sustainable alternative for future food security. Intensified farming has increased Vibrio spp. infections due to their genetic diversity and adaptability to environmental changes. The misuse or overuse of antibiotics in aquaculture exacerbates this issue, contributing to antibiotic resistance, environmental contamination, and residue accumulation in aquatic ecosystems. Given these challenges, exploring alternatives such as essential oil compounds with antibacterial, anti‐quorum sensing, and anti‐biofilm properties presents a promising approach to enhancing disease management in aquaculture while minimizing environmental impact. Although several studies have investigated the antipathogenic potential of essential oil compounds against Vibrio spp., a comprehensive review specifically addressing their antibacterial, anti‐quorum sensing, and antibiofilm activities in aquaculture is lacking. This review aims to fill that gap by providing an in‐depth analysis of essential oil compounds, focusing on their mechanisms of action, protective efficacy in aquatic animals, and potential to combat Vibrio‐ related infections. It also examines how nanoencapsulation systems enhance the stability and functional efficacy of essential oil compounds in seafood applications and reviews recent patents targeting their use against Vibrio spp. Additionally, this review identifies current research gaps. It proposes future directions for the sustainable use of essential oil compounds in aquaculture, emphasizing their potential as natural, eco‐friendly alternatives to antibiotics and synthetic chemicals. Ultimately, it seeks to guide researchers in developing environmentally sustainable strategies for managing infectious diseases and improving the health of aquatic animals.

Unlocking the Potential of Organic Aquaculture in the EU : A Review of Policy Support and Supporting and Constraining Factors - Lola Toomey; Sébastien Alfonso; Pierluigi Carbonara; Ingrid Jahrl; Elena Mente; Nicolas Lampkin; Giuseppe Lembo (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Organic aquaculture remains a niche market within the European Union (EU), despite Europe being one of the regions where it receives most attention. This study aimed to identify the factors limiting its growth by (i) reviewing EU and national policies on organic aquaculture within the Farm‐to‐Fork strategy context and (ii) examining the supporting/constraining factors influencing organic aquaculture in the EU. Results showed that while EU policy support has increased over time, national implementation remains constrained. Organic aquaculture is incorporated in aquaculture multi‐annual strategic plans, but its development is less delineated than conventional sustainable aquaculture, and the same applies to national operational programmes. Globally, there is a need for enhancement in the configuration and execution of organic support, involving all sector actors. Secondly, a literature review identified key impact factors that were categorised as supporting or constraining and analysed quantitatively. Consumer demand for organic aquaculture products appears to be increasing, which could stimulate sector growth. However, significant barriers persist, including price differences between organic and conventional products for consumers, lack of consumer awareness about organic practices/product added‐value, and the perceived feasibility of organic aquaculture by farmers. This latter is linked to other constraining factors, such as the high costs and limited availability of organic inputs and complex bureaucracy. To overcome these barriers, the sector requires targeted marketing strategies, financial incentives (both addressed to farmers and consumers), streamlined regulations, and increased research funding to drive innovation. The study also offers insights into the species‐specific constraints faced by key farmed species.

Bivalve Farming Is Not a CO 2 Sink: From Myth to Legend, Where Is Science? - Fabrice Pernet; Sam Dupont; Jean‐Pierre Gattuso; Marc Metian; Frédéric Gazeau (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)

Environmental Pollutant‐Induced Disruption of Lipid Droplet Homeostasis in Aquatic Animals: Molecular Mechanisms and Cross‐Scale Health Effects - Xiaoping Huang; Dizhi Xie; Jun Wang (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
The disruption of lipid metabolic homeostasis in aquatic animals under pollutant stress has become a pivotal research frontier in environmental toxicology. As a crucial adaptive strategy, aquatic animals employ lipid droplet (LD)‐mediated metabolic reprogramming to facilitate energy reallocation and oxidative stress defense in response to environmental pressures. This review analyzes the regulatory mechanisms of LDs, focusing on molecular pathways for their biogenesis, storage, and catabolism. We also explore how pollutants like heavy metals, micro/nanoplastics (MNPs), and fungicides cause LD abnormalities by interfering with multiple targets. Key mechanisms include disrupted lipid metabolism, altered redox signaling, impaired organelle communication, and endocrine interference. By integrating multiscale evidence from cellular dysfunction to population adaptability decline, we establish a novel “pollutant‐LD homeostasis‐health effect” framework that delineates the spatiotemporal cascade effects of LD homeostasis disruption. This study identifies LD‐associated biomarkers as sensitive indicators for monitoring aquatic pollution. These findings establish critical connections between subcellular metabolic responses and ecosystem‐level health outcomes.

In Situ Biofilm Aquaculture Systems (In Situ BFSs ) for Litopenaeus vannamei : A Review - Wei Zhu; Guangnian Yuan; Zhiwen Song; Qiufen Li; Chao Liu; Ailing Xu; Yazhi Luan; Yongxin Liu (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
The scale of intensive Litopenaeus vannamei aquaculture has increased over the past few decades. However, the inorganic nitrogen and suspended solids (SSs) generated during the aquaculture process are toxic to shrimp and have negative environmental effects. Therefore, removing these pollutants from aquaculture systems is a critical issue that must be addressed. In addition to the widely used recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs) and biofloc technology (BFTs), the addition of submerged substrates to L. vannamei aquaculture tanks to construct in situ biofilm aquaculture systems (in situ BFSs) is an alternative that results in favorable water quality and enables low or zero water exchange, significantly improving shrimp performance and decreasing the feed conversion ratio (FCR). This review highlights the principles, construction methods, water treatment effectiveness, and impact of in situ BFSs on L. vannamei growth as well as pathogen control. The selection of appropriate substrates and methods for nitrifying biofilm cultivation and substrate fixation can significantly affect water treatment efficiency, reduce the concentrations of harmful substances (SSs, ammonia and nitrite) and provide additional nutrients and habitats for L. vannamei , thereby increasing their survival rate and enhancing their growth performance. In addition, the integration of in situ BFSs with BFTs and algal‐symbiotic systems is discussed. In this paper, the potential for further increasing the treatment capacity of in situ BFSs through sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) and electric field‐assisted biofilm systems is proposed. The application of these innovative technologies is expected to provide new insights and solutions for achieving sustainable development in L. vannamei aquaculture.

The Vertebral Column of Flatfish: A Review - A. M. de Azevedo; A. P. Losada; S. Vázquez; P. E. Witten; M. I. Quiroga; P. J. Gavaia (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Flatfish (Pleuronectiformes) encompass fascinating fish species known for their high gastronomical value, rearing performances, and market prices, which attract both economic and scientific interest. Despite these attributes, flatfish exhibit unique morphological, developmental, and biological features, as well as distinctive swimming movements, which require special approaches in skeletal biology research, an area that remains relatively unexplored for this diverse group of fishes. These unique features emerge during metamorphosis, at the end of the larval period, when bilateral symmetric pelagic larvae gradually become asymmetric and undergo various morphological and physiological changes. Consequently, the skeletal characteristics of these species include a certain degree of asymmetry in the skeletal structures. These fish also present acellular bone (bone devoid of osteocytes). Research on flatfish skeletons is crucial for improving animal welfare and promoting sustainable farming, as the literature indicates that more than 50% of the larvae and juveniles of different cultured flatfish can be affected by skeletal deformities. This review aims to compile the available studies on the development of vertebral column deformities in flatfish in an integrative manner, addressing state‐of‐the‐art research on the etiology, diagnostics, and innovative studies on this issue. It also covers the fundamental aspects of teleost skeletal development, particularly the flatfish vertebral column.

Navigating Nitrofuran Challenges in Farmed Prawn ( Macrobrachium rosenbergii ): Strengthening Safety and Export Potentials in Bangladesh - S. M. Nazmul Alam (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Nitrofuran metabolites, including semicarbazide, pose significant risks to food safety, particularly in the aquatic industry. Bangladesh's shrimp industry faced major challenges due to nitrofuran contamination, leading to a voluntary export suspension to the European Union (EU). Despite improved hygiene practices, significant levels of nitrofuran residues were detected in prawns, leading to numerous EUs Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) notifications in 2009. This crisis has led to economic losses, job reductions, and damage to Bangladesh's international reputation. In response, Bangladesh implemented a comprehensive national plan, including a temporary export ban, extensive testing, and significant regulatory reforms. The government focused on improving laboratory testing capabilities, establishing new laboratories, and enhancing the monitoring of shrimp production. Additionally, extension materials and training programs were developed to promote sustainable aquaculture practices and reduce antibiotic use. The collaborative efforts between the government and industry stakeholders have improved compliance with international food safety standards, restored confidence in Bangladesh's shrimp exports, reduced RASFF notifications and non‐compliant samples under the national residue control plan. These achievements emphasized the critical importance of continued vigilance and sustainability in maintaining and expand global market access for the Bangladesh's shrimp industry.

mTOR Signaling in Aquaculture Animals: A Central Nutrient‐Sensing Hub Orchestrating Growth, Metabolism, Health and Quality - Yue Liu; Kangsen Mai; Wenbing Zhang (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Functioning as a master coordinator, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) coordinates nutrient availability and energy status to fundamental biological processes including growth, metabolism, and physiological homeostasis through evolutionarily conserved mechanisms. The capacity of mTOR to assimilate nutritional and metabolic signals places it as a central focus in aquaculture nutrition research. This review systematically synthesizes current knowledge on the regulatory mechanisms mediated by the mTOR in various physiological processes of aquatic animal species, with particular emphasis on the mTOR networks regulated by diverse dietary nutrients. It provides a comprehensive summary of the regulation of various feed ingredients in growth performance, metabolic homeostasis, immune responses, product quality optimization, and health maintenance via mTOR. Moreover, this review analyzes interspecies variations and dietary adaptations across aquatic animals and outlines future research prospects focusing on the mTOR networks. It aims to establish a scientific framework for advancing precision nutrition research by integrating molecular regulatory insights with dietary nutrients, ultimately facilitating efficient and sustainable aquaculture.

The Shrimp Welfare Dilemma: A Scientific Perspective on Eyestalk Ablation - Dana L. M. Campbell; Greg J. Coman; Caroline Lee; Sabine Schmoelzl; Artur N. Rombenso (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)

Application of Medicinal Herbs and Plants to Control Ciliate Infection in Finfish for Sustainable Aquaculture: A Review - Soo Ji Woo (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Ciliate protozoa are highly contagious pathogens causing significant economic losses in global finfish aquaculture. While conventional chemotherapeutics like formalin offer control, their overuse raises environmental and safety concerns, creating an urgent need for sustainable alternatives. This review systematically synthesizes research from the past two decades, evaluating the antiparasitic efficacy of 29 medicinal plants against major ciliate pathogens such as Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and Cryptocaryon irritans . The analysis reveals that numerous plants, particularly Sophora flavescens , Cynanchum atratum , and Curcuma longa , exhibit exceptional efficacy. Their bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins, effectively eliminate parasites by disrupting cell membranes and metabolic pathways, often with substantial safety margins compared to chemical drugs. Despite this potential, significant barriers hinder their practical application. These include a scarcity of large‐scale field trials, a lack of standardized formulations leading to inconsistent results, and complex, divergent regulatory hurdles that impede commercialization. This review concludes that while medicinal plants are a highly promising tool for sustainable aquaculture, realizing their full potential requires a concerted effort to bridge the gap between laboratory research and practical, regulated application through field validation and standardized product development.

The Disease Burden in Fish Farm Management: An Integrative View and a Specific Vision in Europe - Francesc Padros; Hamish Rodger; Maria Constenla; Ana Herrero; Maurice Glucksman; Alberto Allepuz; Carlos Zarza (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
In aquaculture, the interactions and balance—or imbalance—between the fish, the rearing environment, pathogens, and farm management determine the occurrence and impact of clinical diseases. The global assessment of the factors related to disease impact is commonly referred to as disease burden. This assessment goes beyond the economic consequences of mortality and morbidity, encompassing additional economic factors related to disease management, as well as broader social and political consequences. The concept of disease burden is gaining relevance in aquaculture, where disease poses serious threats to animal welfare, productivity, and economic sustainability. At the farm level, the consideration of fish as living assets includes aspects such as direct mortality, indirect effects of mortality, and morbidity. Furthermore, the impact of disease on key performance indicators, routine operations, and planned productivity are important consequences. Diseases on fish farms also require effective management, whether through the implementation of treatments or through preventive and biosecurity measures, both of which can have indirect impacts that must be properly analyzed. In many cases, the risks associated with disease necessitate appropriate surveillance by farms or regulatory authorities, and the cost of such surveillance and insurances should be considered part of the overall disease burden. Other important aspects such as the impact on animal welfare, wellbeing of farm staff, integration of the concept into certification schemes, and issues related to social perception, acceptance, and prestige are also examined. In addition, macroeconomic factors such as market impacts, governance, and a special emphasis on the One Health approach are addressed.

The Issues of Micro‐Nanoplastics in the Oyster and Mussel Aquaculture Sector - Arnaud Huvet; Morgane Le Gall; Hippolyte Gilante; Ika Paul‐Pont (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Over 90% of plastic debris in marine environments consists of microplastics smaller than 5 mm. This is a growing global concern, especially given the emerging but largely unquantified presence of nanoplastics. This review synthesizes current knowledge on micro‐ and nanoplastic contamination in coastal areas and its effects on bivalve species, particularly oysters and mussels, whether in aquaculture or the wild. Drawing on 316 references, notably case studies of (micro)plastic waste contamination of surface waters, sediments, and animals in coastal areas, and experimental data on ingestion, fate, and impacts of micro‐nanoplastics on organisms. Microplastic levels range from a few particles per cubic meter of seawater (> 300 μm) to several hundred per kilogram of sediment. Between 60% and 93% of oysters and mussels are contaminated, with concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 2.9 particles per gram of tissue; over 80% of these particles are smaller than 50 μm. After ingestion, most microplastics are excreted, but smaller nanoplastics (

Environmental Impacts of Salmonidae Farming: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Life Cycle Assessment Studies - Mausam Budhathoki; Sudikshya Phuyal; Sujita Pandey; Marianne Thomsen (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Salmonidae farming is a cornerstone of global aquaculture, but growing concerns about its environmental impacts highlight the urgent need for improved understanding and mitigation strategies. To address this, a systematic review of 31 life cycle assessment studies was conducted, with 15 providing sufficient data for in‐depth meta‐analysis. The global warming potential ( GWP ) results indicate that Salmonidae farming generates a median of 2570 kg CO 2 ‐eq per tonne of live weight, with an interquartile range of 2032–3802 kg, of which approximately 65% is attributed to feed production. Eutrophication potential ( EP ) was measured at 42.6 g PO 4 3− ‐eq/t (range: 23–66), with 24% linked to feed, while acidification potential ( AP ) was 15.85 g SO 2 ‐eq/t (range: 10–28), with 68% from feed. Energy demand ( ED ) was found to be 54,365 MJ /t (range: 32,576–113,000), with 48.6% attributed to feed inputs. The feed conversion ratio significantly influenced GWP , EP , and AP outcomes. Meta‐analysis revealed that flow‐through systems have a lower GWP (effect size = −0.24) compared to recirculating aquaculture systems ( RAS ), which showed a notably higher GWP (4.31). While RAS systems significantly reduce EP (−5.11), net‐pen systems contribute moderately to EP (0.38). However, differences in GWP and EP between production systems were not statistically significant. Notably, most reviewed LCA studies lacked detailed feed composition data and did not fully quantify nitrogen emissions, limiting the accurate assessment of marine eutrophication impacts. Future research should prioritize improving LCA data quality, optimizing feed efficiency, and developing sustainable farming practices to further reduce its environmental footprint.

Issue Information (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)

A Review of Seriola lalandi Aquaculture With a Focus on Recirculating Aquaculture Systems: Synthesis of Existing Research and Emerging Challenges - Alexander Chong Shu‐Chien; Alvin Setiawan; Mark Camara; Carly Wilson; Andrew Forsythe; Steve Pether; Dave McQueen; Glen Irvine; Yann Gublin (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
This review presents a comprehensive synthesis of research on yellowtail kingfish ( Seriola lalandi ) aquaculture, with a particular focus on production in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Significant progress has been made in reproductive biology and captive spawning, which are critical for ensuring a reliable juvenile supply. Key factors influencing larval development, including temperature, photoperiod, and feeding strategies, are reviewed alongside nutritional requirements for optimal growth and health. The efficacy of alternative feed ingredients aimed at reducing dependence on fish meal and fish oil is discussed, along with issues related to digestibility, fecal waste management, and nutrient retention in RAS. The review explores studies on the S. lalandi microbiota, highlighting associations between microbial composition and predicted functional profiles under varying RAS parameters. Physiological traits that support the species' suitability for RAS, such as resilience to handling stress and environmental fluctuations, are evaluated with an emphasis on tolerance to carbon dioxide, ammonia, salinity, and oxygen levels. The species' thermal sensitivity and implications for metabolic performance are also addressed. Advancements in genetic research are discussed, including the development of microsatellite markers, single nucleotide polymorphisms, and linkage maps. Findings in taxonomy, phylogeography, and population genetics are reviewed with a focus on potential applications in selective breeding for production traits. The review also covers current and emerging pathogens affecting S. lalandi , the risk of outbreaks in RAS, and key welfare considerations. An economic outlook for yellowtail kingfish production in RAS highlights the need for integrated approaches for sustainable and cost‐effective aquaculture of S. lalandi .

Cover Image (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
The cover image is based on the article Energetic Adaptations of Bivalves Under Environmental Stress: A Comprehensive Review on Bioenergetics and Aquaculture Sustainability by Liu et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.70052 . image

The Growing Importance of Aquaculture: The Case of Norwegian Salmon - Audun Iversen; Frank Asche; Thomas Nyrud; Roy Robertsen; Bjørn Inge Bendiksen; Roberto Cárdenas‐Retamal; Silje Steinsbø (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
While the rapid growth in global aquaculture production has made the industry a success story in terms of providing nutritious food, it is often criticized for its limited socioeconomic effects. While there is a burgeoning literature investigating socioeconomic impacts, this is a difficult topic due to limited data availability. In this paper, we will review the socioeconomic impacts of the Norwegian salmon aquaculture industry using economic impact analysis, focusing on two impact measures: employment and value added. In contrast to earlier studies, we will cover the whole supply chain from input suppliers to sales rather than focusing on one part of the chain and accounting for ripple effects in several rounds. This is highly important as there, in 2022, were 11,175 direct jobs in production, 8500 jobs in additional core activities related to processing and sales, and 38,000 jobs with different suppliers and service providers, for a total of 57,800 jobs in the industry. The production activities are highly dispersed geographically and mostly conducted in coastal communities. While this is also true for some types of services, the employment in the industry becomes more concentrated and moves toward larger communities and cities as one moves downstream or away from the core activities.

Artemia Enrichment Strategies: A Comprehensive Review of Nutritional Enhancements With Emphasis on Fatty Acid Profiles in Aquatic Species - Yathish Ramena; Ram Babu Kurapati; Thomas Bosteels; Grace Ramena (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Artemia (brine shrimp) is a foundational live feed in global aquaculture, renowned for its adaptability, ease of production, and favorable nutritional profile. However, in its natural state, Artemia contains suboptimal levels of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which are vital for supporting growth, survival, and immune function in both marine fish and freshwater fish. To enhance its nutritional efficacy, various enrichment strategies have been developed, utilizing oil emulsions, microalgae, yeasts, probiotics, soy lecithin, and trace elements such as selenium and zinc. Each enrichment method offers unique physiological benefits: oil emulsions and microalgae increase PUFA concentrations; soy lecithin enhances fatty acid absorption and digestive efficiency; yeasts improve immune response and pigmentation; probiotics promote gut health and pathogen resistance; and trace minerals contribute to improved metabolic and reproductive performance. Although Artemia is extensively used in crustacean hatcheries, its use as live feed in shrimp larviculture is comparatively limited, despite its well‐documented benefits. This review highlights the need for greater inclusion of enriched Artemia in shrimp culture, emphasizing its potential to improve larval performance and overall production outcomes. Optimized enrichment protocols are essential to advancing sustainable and resilient aquaculture systems. Future research should focus on cost‐effective, species‐specific enrichment strategies to meet the evolving nutritional requirements of modern aquaculture.

Serotonin: A Multifunctional Molecule in Crustaceans - Noah Esmaeili; Sunil Kadri; Vikas Kumar; Hongyu Ma (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Serotonin is an ancient monoamine neurotransmitter and hormone that has existed for millions of years, from prokaryotic life forms to modern humans. It is also commonly known as 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT). In mammals, it is well known for its actions in depression, aggression, anxiety, stress, and sexual behavior. In crustaceans, this molecule plays some vital roles in agonistic behavior, which is the main cause of economic loss in many crustacean (e.g., crayfish and crab) farms. 5‐HT is commonly used to induce reproduction and can potentially be used as an alternative treatment for unilateral eyestalk ablation. This neurotransmitter has direct effects on development, molting, growth, feeding, digestion, and gut microbiota. It is also the main regulator of stress response, osmoregulation, and, to a lesser extent, energy homeostasis in crustaceans. Further, the immune and antioxidant systems and intermediary metabolism are affected by 5‐HT administration. 5‐HT regulates almost all physiological mechanisms in crustaceans. Antidepressant drugs that inhibit 5‐HT reuptake are used for treating behavioral disorders, but their toxicological impacts on the environment are a severe threat. Despite this massive range of actions, no review has ever been conducted to provide an overview of 5‐HT roles in any aquatic species. In this review, these physiological mechanisms are discussed, and suggestions for future directions for research and aquaculture are provided.

Ethics, Laws, and Research: The Case of Mediterranean Seahorses ( Hippocampus hippocampus and Hippocampus guttulatus ) - Claudia Gili; Daniele Canestrelli; Eva Salvati; Graziano Fiorito; Adriana Federica Cerizza; Paola Cirino; Fanny Mille; Luigi Musco; Giovanni De Martino; Antonino Pace; Luciano Bosso; Raffaele Panzuto (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Conservation projects seek to protect species, restore habitats, and mitigate threats such as habitat loss, climate change, and unsustainable resource use. These projects often rely on acquiring ecological data from the wild to support biodiversity management and promote resilience through informed management decisions. Animal use is usually crucial for investigating ecosystem dynamics, species ecology, and management strategies amidst growing human pressures. Field research in natural habitats, along with captive breeding programs, remains fundamental in addressing complex global ecological challenges in this sense. Projects involving live animals provide critical insights into practical management; however, ethical considerations become central, particularly for protected species, necessitating research protocols that prioritize animal welfare while balancing scientific objectives. Nevertheless, animal research presents ethical, legal, and practical challenges, and traditional laboratory systems “might not fit all” species. This paper explores conservation research projects on marine fish from legislative and practical perspectives by looking at current norms, animal welfare aspects, and conservation outcomes. The two iconic Mediterranean species, Hippocampus hippocampus and Hippocampus guttulatus, are analyzed as model examples to produce best practice indications and provide researchers with a practical path to outline scientific project design in marine conservation studies.

Correction to “The Local Turn in a Global Sea: Identifying Sustainability Trade‐Offs in Regionalized Marine Aquaculture Systems” (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)

The Complexity of Aquaculture Sustainability - Giovanni M. Turchini (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)

Genomic Approaches to Enhance Disease Resistance in Large Yellow Croaker: Recent Progress and Future Perspectives - Zhou Jiang; Yulin Bai; Ning Li; Lin Chen; Ji Zhao; Yin Li; Tao Zhou; Peng Xu (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Large yellow croaker is an important marine aquaculture species in China, but frequent disease outbreaks have led to significant losses in the aquaculture industry. Although traditional genetic selection methods have long been applied in fish breeding, an increasing number of studies are introducing genomic selection methods into large yellow croaker breeding to target complex traits such as disease resistance. Recent advancements in genomic resources, including an updated reference genome and SNP array, have opened up new opportunities for genetic and evolutionary research on this species. This review provides an overview of the current status of the large yellow croaker aquaculture industry and the existing approaches to addressing disease challenges. It also summarizes genomic selection techniques, the genetic mechanisms underlying disease resistance traits, and potential improvements in genomic selection methods. Furthermore, we summarize future directions for large yellow croaker breeding, incorporating the application of genetic research, multi‐dimensional data integration, standardized testing protocols, and artificial intelligence for phenotypic measurement. These strategies have opened new pathways to enhance disease resistance in large yellow croaker and to promote the sustainable development of its aquaculture industry.

Beyond the Binary: Controlling Natural Sex‐Change in Hermaphroditic Fishes - Roni Chandra Mondal; Jarrod L. Guppy; Maria A. Villacis‐Escobar; Dean R. Jerry (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Sex‐change in hermaphroditic fishes is a complex but natural biological phenomenon that has significant implications for aquaculture fingerling production, selective breeding, and grow‐out. Understanding the physiological, endocrinological, and molecular pathways underlying hermaphroditism in fishes offers unique opportunities to manipulate male‐to‐female and female‐to‐male transitions and maintain desired sex‐ratios in hatcheries. Control over natural sex‐change in hermaphroditic fishes can be achieved in vivo through socio‐environmental manipulation, neuro‐endocrine regulation, exogenous steroid treatment, or inhibition of aromatase activity with aromatase inhibitors (AIs). This review synthesises the current body of literature and knowledge of the tools associated with controlling sex‐change, specifically in hermaphroditic fishes. Importantly, the recent advances in applying steroidal and non‐steroidal hormones/compounds to control sex‐change are described, as well as the effect of these approaches on gamete quality, fertility, and reproductive success of fishes in this unique group. Through investigating current practices and potential side‐effects of controlling natural sex‐change, we aim to guide the development of more effective and viable methods for maintaining desired sex‐ratios in aquaculture selective breeding. This review highlights the need for further research to optimise control strategies, minimise unintended impacts, and promote best practices in controlling sex‐change in hermaphroditic fishes.

Energetic Adaptations of Bivalves Under Environmental Stress: A Comprehensive Review on Bioenergetics and Aquaculture Sustainability - Chunhua Liu; Yueyong Shang; Shanza Gul; Menghong Hu; Youji Wang (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Bioenergetics, or scope for growth (SFG), is a model used to assess the health and adaptability of mollusks to external factors. It achieves this by converting physiological responses, such as clearance rate (CR), respiration rate (RR), excretion rate (ER), absorption efficiency (AE), and oxygen–nitrogen ratio (O:N ratio), into energy equivalents. This biomarker reflects the energy available for growth and reproduction, indicating an organism's potential to adapt to environmental change and revealing the energetics behind growth. It has been a significant focus in marine ecology, biology, and aquaculture of mollusks. To understand the effects of various factors on the bioenergetics of bivalves, the effects of temperature, ocean acidification (OA), salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), trace elements (e.g., copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd)), micro/nanoparticles (MPs/NPs), harmful algae, and other factors on the physiology and energy budget of bivalves were summarized and analyszed in this paper. We found that some influencing factors (e.g., OA, trace elements, and harmful algae) serve as selective pressures that make bivalves adapt to environmental changes, and the impacts of various stressors on the SFG in bivalves are diverse. However, under hypoxia and salinity changes, exceeding bivalve tolerance can lead to metabolic disorders and reduced SFG, impacting populations and aquaculture. At the same times, we analyzed WOS literature from 1980 to 2023 using VOS‐viewer software to assess how climate change and pollutants affect bivalve energy assimilation and consumption, offering insights for bivalve biology and aquaculture research.

A PESTEL ‐ SWOT Matrix Analysis of Sustainable Aquafeed Sector: A Case of Kenya's Fish Feed Sector - Esther Magondu; Lucy Njogu; Kevin Ouko; Jimmy B. Mboya; Mavindu Muthoka; Rodrigue Yossa; Jonathan Munguti; Mary A. Opiyo; Menaga Meenakshisundaram; Chrysantus M. Tanga; Kevin Obiero (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Global demand for seafood continues to rise, positioning aquaculture as a critical pathway for improving food security, nutrition, and rural livelihoods. In Kenya, the aquaculture sector remains constrained by structural challenges, with fish feed accounting for 60%–70% of production costs and limiting sectoral growth, particularly for smallholder farmers. This review critically analyzes Kenya's fish feed sector through an integrated PESTEL‐SWOT framework, drawing on a scoping review of academic literature, policy reports, and sector development studies. The paper highlights key macro‐level drivers, including fragmented policy implementation, dependency on imported ingredients, and climate‐related risks, and connects these with internal industry dynamics such as innovation gaps and regional disparities in aquafeed accessibility. It presents a conceptual model illustrating how external and internal factors interact to shape aquafeed sector outcomes, positioning Kenya's experience within a broader Sub‐Saharan Africa aquaculture context. The review identifies missed opportunities in scaling insect‐ and microalgae‐based feed innovations, constrained by regulatory, technical, and market barriers. The discussion offers actionable recommendations for researchers, policymakers, donors, investors, and industry stakeholders, emphasizing the importance of integrated policy reforms, investment in local aquafeed technology development, and regional collaboration to strengthen feed supply resilience and address production bottlenecks.

White Spot Syndrome Virus: A Detailed Review of Early Infection Events, Structural Protein Trafficking, and Innate Immune Evasion - Ling‐Ke Liu; Shan‐Shan Jing; Hai‐Peng Liu (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the highly pathogenic double‐stranded DNA virus affecting crustaceans particularly shrimp and crayfish, has been causing severe diseases that result in significant economic losses in aquaculture. Despite various treatment efforts, current methods remain inadequate in effectively controlling the onset and transmission of the disease, underscoring the urgent need for innovative and efficient control and therapeutic strategies. Successful WSSV infection, along with the production of essential viral components, depends on continuous viral evolution, which serves as a key strategy to manipulate the host cellular environment, including host‐intrinsic factors and systems, as well as the antiviral immune responses. Research to date has primarily focused on WSSV structural characterization, initial cellular events following infection, functional analysis of viral components in regulating antiviral signaling pathways, and host cellular responses elicited by viral invasion. These studies shed light on critical pathogenic processes, including viral entry and intracellular transport events, trafficking of expressed viral structural proteins, and immune evasion mechanisms driven by virus‐host interaction. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent progress in the development of WSSV infection cell models and elucidation of innate immune evasion strategies driven by virus‐host interplay. By consolidating current knowledge, it aims to enhance our understanding of WSSV pathogenesis and lay a solid foundation for development of innovative therapeutic approaches.

Evaluating Fertilization Control and Reproductive Manipulation Techniques for Enhancing Crustacean Reproductive Performance: A Review - A. Hidir; M. A. Aaqillah‐Amr; S. N. Baiduri; N. M. A. Aina Liyana; H. Ma; M. Ikhwanuddin (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Crustacean aquaculture nowadays continues to rely heavily on wild broodstock. Various fertilization control and reproductive manipulation techniques, such as artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization (IVF), eyestalk ablation, hormonal injections, and culture condition manipulation, can improve crustacean reproduction as part of the domestication effort; however, the existing knowledge on these techniques is scattered. Therefore, this review paper gathers and consolidates fragmented knowledge on crustacean breeding, serving as a valuable reference for managing hatchery seed production. Artificial insemination involves introducing male sperm into the female genitalia to achieve in vivo fertilization, while IVF involves collecting oocytes and sperm and then using the sperm to fertilize the oocytes outside the body. Eyestalk ablation refers to the removal of one ocular globe from the crustacean's eyestalk to accelerate ovarian maturation. Other techniques, such as hormonal injections, use hormones like estrogen, GnRH, MF, MIH, pregnenolone, and 5‐HT, which have proven effective in stimulating gonad maturation. Controlling culture conditions, such as adjusting temperature and light, can also enhance ovarian development and increase spawning rates. Overall, these advanced fertilization control and reproductive manipulation techniques aid in increasing seed stock for commercial crustacean farming in the future.

A Systematic Review of Brycon Genus Sperm Cryopreservation Protocols: Challenges on Ex‐Situ Conservation for Sustainable Aquaculture - Danilo Pedro Streit; Rômulo Batista Rodrigues; Jhony Lisboa Benato; Gregory Brayan Valdívia‐Gutiérrez; Eduardo Thomé Nicoleti; Leonardo Queiroz de Alencar; Thales Lysakowski Flores Machado; Larise Caroline Oliveira Lima; Marco Aurélio Rotta; Thales de Souza França (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
This systematic review shows an overview of the history of protocols used for genus Brycon sperm cryopreservation. Relevant studies were identified from Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Scielo databases. Thirty‐four studies published between 2001 and 2021 were included in the systematic review following the eligibility criteria. Selected studies showed cryopreservation protocols of nine species of the genus Brycon , with Brycon orbignyanus being the most studied species. The studies were conducted by Brazilian (76.5%) and Colombian (23.5%) researchers, with the majority (68.6%) carried out in hydroelectric plants promoting fish restocking programs. Two main protocols were extensively investigated across nine studied species: 10% methyl glycol +5% Beltsville Thawing Solution and 10% dimethyl sulfoxide +5% glucose. However, the protocols lacked standardization regarding equilibrium time and temperature, freezing and thawing curves, or sperm‐to‐cryoprotectant solution ratios. Limited collaboration among research groups from the two South American countries was identified as a significant factor in this lack of standardization. In addition, emerging approaches for sperm cryopreservation are necessary, such as developing less toxic alternative cryoprotectants. Implementing advanced cryopreservation methodologies and using artificial intelligence and machine learning can optimize protocols by modeling key parameters and enhancing post‐thaw sperm quality. These findings underscore the need for collaboration between research groups to develop standardized cryopreservation protocols and establish functionally accessible germplasm banks. Such measures are essential for the ex‐situ conservation and long‐term sustainability of aquaculture involving species of the genus Brycon .

The Local Turn in a Global Sea: Identifying Sustainability Trade‐Offs in Regionalized Marine Aquaculture Systems - Gesche Krause; Ramón Filgueira; Nesar Ahmed; Karen A. Alexander; Furqan Asif; Lucia Fanning; Sebastian C. A. Ferse; Nike Fuchs; Jon Grant; Jordi Guillen; Christina Hörterer; Teresa R. Johnson; et al. (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Marine aquaculture, like the broader seafood industry, relies heavily on international trade and global supply chains for both production and sales. Recent global disruptions, including the COVID‐19 pandemic, the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the conflicts in the Middle East, and trade tensions, have exposed the social and economic vulnerabilities inherent in a globalized production system. In response, these events have sparked growing interest in transitioning to localized and regional supply chain models. Calls to “buy national” and support domestic economies highlight this trend toward regionalization. This study explores the sustainability implications of regionalizing marine aquaculture by examining the four key segments of the supply chain. These are (1) upstream inputs and resources (2) aquaculture production (3) downstream added value‐processing and (4) distribution–transportation. Potential benefits of regional production models include increased resilience to disruptions, lower transportation‐related carbon emissions, and support for local economies. However, such models may also introduce trade‐offs, including reduced production efficiency, supply and sales limitations, and implications for social, cultural, and governance structures. Our analysis reveals that the sustainability outcomes of regionalization are complex and context‐dependent. It is influenced by the specific characteristics of existing supply chains and the regional contexts in which they operate. While regionalization may offer advantages in certain contexts, it does not guarantee improved sustainability. Thus, it is crucial to critically assess the assumption that regionalization inherently leads to improved sustainability outcomes. Proactive evaluation of these dynamics is essential to develop strategies that maximize benefits while addressing potential trade‐offs.

Nutrition and Nutraceutical Values of Commercially Important Oysters: A Systematic Review - Hong Zhang; KhaiHang Choong; Zexin Li; Yu Hao; Kit‐Leong Cheong; Karsoon Tan (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Oysters are a nutritious source of animal protein. While previous reviews have examined certain specific nutrients in bivalves, they often overlook nutrient interactions (proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates) and their broader implications for human health. Furthermore, as emerging research continues to explore bivalve nutrition, there is a pressing need for a comprehensive review consolidating the latest findings in this rapidly advancing field. In this context, this study evaluates the protein and lipid quality of oysters worldwide, as well as the nutraceutical potential of their polysaccharides. It also examines trends in oyster nutrition research and identifies key areas for future studies. The findings revealed that most oysters are rich in essential amino acids and omega‐3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, with amino acid profiles closely matching human dietary requirements, and lipid quality indices (EPA + DHA, PUFA/SFA, n‐3/n‐6) exceeding recommended values. Additionally, polysaccharides derived from oysters exhibit various bioactive properties, including anti‐cancer, anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulation, antioxidant, and prebiotic effects, underscoring their potential as nutraceuticals. However, the nutritional composition of oysters varies considerably by species and geographic origin, necessitating careful selection for dietary and nutraceutical applications. The findings of this study not only synthesize existing data to identify promising oyster candidates for functional foods and nutraceuticals but also provide guidance for researchers, industry professionals, and policymakers in optimizing oysters for health‐focused diets and supplements, given their species‐ and origin‐dependent nutritional variability.

Asian Seabass ( Lates calcarifer ): A Versatile Species for Marine and Freshwater Aquaculture - Gen Hua Yue (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Aquaculture has undergone unprecedented growth in recent decades, driven by the increasing global demand for seafood. However, this expansion brings environmental challenges and underscores the need for species diversification and sustainable farming practices. Among the rising stars of aquaculture, the Asian seabass ( Lates calcarifer ) stands out as a prime candidate due to its remarkable adaptability, high market value, and strong biological traits. This review provides an in‐depth exploration of eight key aspects of Asian seabass aquaculture: (1) species biology and distribution, (2) the current status of its global aquaculture, (3) nutritional value and health benefits, (4) genetic improvement through selective breeding, molecular techniques, and genome editing, (5) environmental sustainability and ecological impact, (6) disease management and health challenges, (7) market trends and economic viability, and (8) future prospects and research directions. Advances in genetics and breeding technologies have significantly enhanced key traits such as rapid growth, disease resistance, and omega‐3 content, further cementing its role as a species of high commercial importance. To fully unlock its potential, ongoing research in disease prevention, climate resilience, optimized nutrition, and advanced breeding strategies is crucial. Coupled with strategic investments in farming technologies, branding, and market expansion, Asian seabass is well‐positioned to become a versatile species of both marine and freshwater aquaculture.

Single‐Cell Sequencing: A Sharp Sword for Deciphering Biological Innovations and Evolutionary Adaptations in Lower Vertebrates and Invertebrates - Chongbin Hu; Yun Hong; Lixin Xiang; Ye Chen; Jianzhong Shao; Hangjun Zhang (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Single‐cell sequencing (SCS) technology has revolutionized the study of cellular heterogeneity by enabling the exploration of biological processes at high resolution. While traditionally applied to mammalian models, recent advancements have extended SCS to ecologically and evolutionarily crucial lower vertebrates (particularly fish) and diverse invertebrates (including Urochordata, Echinodermata, Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Coelenterata). These non‐mammalian organisms exhibit unique cellular and molecular adaptations, serving as pivotal models for developmental biology, immune mechanisms, hematopoiesis, and environmental adaptation, yet remain underrepresented in genomics. This review highlights how SCS has been instrumental in uncovering novel cell types, defining intricate developmental trajectories, revealing unprecedented complexity in hematopoiesis, and elucidating diverse immune landscapes (including cell heterogeneity, functional specialization, pathogen responses, and tissue‐specific adaptations) in fish. Furthermore, it details the construction of foundational cell atlases across fish and invertebrate species and showcases SCS applications in mapping invertebrate development, characterizing cellular heterogeneity under varying conditions, and revealing unique environmental adaptations. Cross‐species SCS analyses provide powerful tools for tracing the evolution of critical systems, such as immunity. While addressing challenges like incomplete reference genomes and technical complexity, we discuss SCS's transformative potential in aquaculture and biotechnology, emphasizing future directions in multi‐omics integration and computational tool development to decipher biological innovations and evolutionary adaptations.

Seaweed Research and Production in Kenya: Unveiling Opportunities and Current Research Gaps - Gladys Mwaka Holeh; Jan Mees; Jana Asselman; James Njiru; David Mirera; Colin Janssen; Ilias Semmouri (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
This study reviews seaweed research activities and production in Kenya, serving as a case study to demonstrate the untapped potential and applicability in East Africa, especially in the context of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Given the lack of consolidated scientific information and the fragmented nature of current seaweed farming efforts in Kenya, this review was undertaken to assess past and current research, identify production gaps, and offer direction for future development of a sustainable and competitive seaweed aquaculture industry in the region. In an extensive literature review, we identified 69 relevant manuscripts, primarily focusing on seaweed floristics and taxonomy, ecology, aquaculture and bioprospecting in the broadest meaning. Results reveal seaweed production was found to be minuscule compared to major global producers, despite a shifting research focus toward aquaculture in the last two decades. Seaweed farming faces environmental challenges such as unfavorable weather conditions and pathogen outbreaks, strongly impacting growth rates and production levels. The species currently commercially cultivated are used primarily for hydrocolloid extraction (carrageenans), explaining the limited interest in biochemical characterization of seaweed diversity, as most ‘bioprospecting’ studies focus on carrageenan and/or agar yields. With increasing investments into seaweed farming, concerns are rising regarding implications for the marine environment due to observed changes in sediment accumulation, changes in water quality, deforestation rates and shifts in marine biota. In conclusion, this study underscores seaweed's potential in Kenya, but also emphasizes the need for continued research and sustainable development practices to fully exploit this untapped resource.

Status of Red Swamp Crayfish Aquaculture and Genetic Improvement in China - Gen Hua Yue; Bao Lou; Zhiqiang Xu (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
China is the world's leading producer of red swamp crayfish ( Procambarus clarkii ). The aquaculture of P. clarkii and its related industry generated annual value over 458 billion Chinese yuan in 2022, contributing significantly to food security, livelihoods, and economic development. This review analyzes the status of the industry, highlighting its biological characteristics, farming practices, economic importance, and challenges. P. clarkii is adaptable and reproduces rapidly, but it is also invasive and disrupts native species diversity. Environmental concerns include water quality degradation and habitat loss. Disease outbreaks and regulatory issues pose additional challenges. Research is ongoing to improve broodstocks, seed production efficiency, and sustainability through breeding programs, better management practices, and technologies. China's crayfish aquaculture can achieve long‐term growth and contribute to a sustainable future. This can be done by overcoming challenges and embracing key innovations. These include selective breeding, genomic selection, monosex production, genome editing technologies, and improved production systems.

Cover Image - Yuanliang Duan; Wenqiong Wu; Zhipeng Huang; Lu Zhang; Chengyan Mou; Zhongmeng Zhao; Han Zhao; Jun Du; Jian Zhou; Qiang Li (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
The cover image is based on the article Research on Longsnout Catfish ( Leiocassis longirostris ) Worldwide: Current Status and Future Prospects by Qiang Li et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.70092 . image

Revisiting Vitamin and Trace Mineral Nutrition in Atlantic Salmon Farming With Emphasis on Fish Health - Antony J. P. Philip; Trond M. Kortner; Pauline Wischhusen; Kristin Hamre; Åshild Krogdahl; Kaja H. Skjærven; Guro Løkka; Gerd M. Berge; Marit Espe; Nini H. Sissener (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Atlantic salmon farming is faced with numerous environmental and production‐related challenges affecting fish health and welfare, globally and in Norway. An animal's requirement for a nutrient is the sum of the required supply of available nutrients for maintenance, growth, reproduction, health, and disease resistance. Available literature on micronutrient requirements (vitamins and trace minerals) was reviewed to identify knowledge gaps with a focus on health and disease resistance, potential life stage and production system‐specific differences. Atlantic salmon's minimum requirement estimate for vitamin A was not available, while data on vitamins C, D, E, and K differ greatly between studies due to factors such as feed composition and rearing conditions (stress). Knowledge of the requirements of B‐vitamins is also scarce. Choline requirement in Atlantic salmon was recently estimated and is strongly affected by dietary lipid consumption. Dietary trace mineral needs differed with diet composition and between freshwater and seawater, largely influenced by differences in availability. Dietary trace mineral availability in practical feeds is a concern, especially for zinc and selenium being the most limiting in plant ingredient‐based feeds and supplementation restricted by maximum limits that are too low for optimal fish health. Hence, there is a need for renewed focus on how vitamin and trace mineral recommendations in Atlantic salmon feeds are assessed (research) and managed (regulation). Recommendations will have to be revised considering specific life stages, environmental and physiological changes, health status, and evolving production methods in commercial Atlantic salmon farming.

Research on Longsnout Catfish ( Leiocassis longirostris ) Worldwide: Current Status and Future Prospects - Yuanliang Duan; Wenqiong Wu; Zhipeng Huang; Lu Zhang; Chengyan Mou; Zhongmeng Zhao; Han Zhao; Jun Du; Jian Zhou; Qiang Li (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
The longsnout catfish ( Leiocassis longirostris ) is primarily found in the Yangtze River Basin in China. This species has been studied for more than 40 years, predominantly by researchers at the Fisheries Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Sichuan Fisheries Research Institute), Southwest University, and the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Concurrently, multiple research institutions worldwide have also conducted studies on this species, including Aberystwyth University and the University of Copenhagen in Europe, the University of Hawaii and the University of Prince Edward Island in North America, Korea Maritime and Ocean University and the ICAR National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources in Asia, and the University of Adelaide in Oceania. Most studies on L. longirostris have focused on aquaculture techniques. In this review, we consider all studies on L. longirostris from 1974 to 2023, providing a detailed analysis of the current research status regarding its aquaculture, physiological characteristics, germplasm resources, new variety development, and deep processing. We also speculated on potential future research directions. In summary, this review establishes a solid foundation for future scientific research and aquaculture production of the species, which may promote the further development of new varieties and value‐added products derived from L. longirostris .

Image‐Based Individual Fish Identification as a Substitute for Invasive Methods: State‐of‐the‐Art and Research Gaps - Mohammad Mehdi Ziaei; Jan Urban; Petr Cisar (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Individual identification of fish within the same species is one of the most crucial and frequently performed tasks in aquaculture research, and it is also widely used in aquaculture production. Fish sampling, treating, welfare, and disease state estimation are increasingly turning from group‐based to individualized. Traditionally, fish individual identification has relied on marking methods such as PIT tagging, which are invasive, time‐consuming, and labor‐intensive. It is also very constrained in large cultivation units such as cages. Consequently, there is a demand for developing non‐invasive techniques that are rapid and cost‐effective. Image‐based individual identification has the potential for developing remote, faster, and more economical methods for in situ identification of individual fish. This article reviews the development of these image‐based methods for fish individual identification over the past decades, presenting their fundamental concepts and principles. It analyses the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and outlines future research directions. Recent studies indicate that the application of convolutional neural networks holds great promise in accelerating the development of new techniques for more effective fish identification. However, the accuracy, large amount of training data, and specific experimental conditions of these methods still need improvement to meet the demands of intensive aquaculture. Through close collaboration between fisheries experts and engineers, the precision and level of intelligence in fish individual identification techniques will be further enhanced based on the aforementioned methods.

Current Progress of the Long‐Term Preservation for Fish Embryos, Female Reproductive Cells, and Tissues - Wei Qin; Jiaji Pan; Jun Xiao; Hao Feng (Reviews in Aquaculture, 2025)
Cryopreservation is an effective technique to preserve biomaterials for a very long time period. The long‐term preservation techniques benefit the rapid development of the aquaculture industry, such as optimizing the breeding schemes. Currently, many cryopreservation attempts have been conducted on fish embryos and gametes. The cryopreservation of fish sperms is the most successful among these studies due to the simple structure of sperms. However, the cryopreservation of female gametes is developing at a much slower pace. In this work, the techniques and progress related to the cryopreservation of fish embryos, blastomeres, oocytes, testicular tissue, ovarian tissues, and primordial germ cells (PGCs) are introduced. This review first discusses the cryoprotective agents (CPAs) used in the cryopreservation or vitrification of fish embryos and gametes. Then we summarize advanced techniques including the pretreatment, rewarming methods, removal of CPAs, and assessment methods, followed by introducing the preservation results. In the end, some suggestions are raised for the future development of fish embryos, germ cells, and gonadal tissues.

The delayed era of network economics: ongoing opportunities for dynamic socio-economic network models - Frank Emmert-Streib (Discover Networks, 2025)

The extreme Red Sea and its late Cenozoic shallow water benthic foraminifers - N. Öğretmen; F. Giovenzana; A. Khalifa; G. Mateu-Vicens; H. Westphal (Discover Oceans, 2025)
Semi-enclosed basins are more responsive to climate variations than the global ocean. This is true in particular for the Red Sea as a unique landlocked environment controlled by an interplay of its geographic, tectonic, and climatic features resulting in extreme salinities. Previous studies pointed to extreme salinities reaching > 53 during the low sea-level stands of glacial periods in the last 500 kyr. Yet our knowledge of the late Cenozoic evolution history of the Red Sea as a coral refuge and responses of coral reefs to these extreme salinities is scarce. Benthic foraminifers are key organisms for monitoring environmental changes in any marine setting, both shallow and deep, throughout geological times and to the present day. Here we provide a synthesis of the shallow-water benthic foraminifers that occupy the photic zones of the Red Sea environment based on the published studies, to reassess the variable saline conditions of the Red Sea across its evolution through the late Cenozoic and present-day as recorded by the shallow-water benthic foraminifer communities in association with coral reefs. Our review reveals a lack of information on shallo-water benthic foraminifers and paleoclimate data across the late Cenozoic evolution of the Red Sea encompassing climate shifts are worth being studied as analogs for modern-day and future climates; suggests a pathway to assess the salinity history of the Red Sea by using foraminiferal assemblage shifts.

Correction: Development of new production algorithm in the northern Indian Ocean and observation of enhanced productivity using satellite remote sensing - Kandasamy Priyanka; Ranjit Kumar Sarangi; Durairaj Poornima; Ayyappan Saravanakumar (Discover Oceans, 2025)

Predictive maintenance in naval vessel propulsion systems for enhanced marine operations using a BiGMM-HMM framework with divergence-based clustering - Farshid Javadnejad; Hyoshin John Park; Samuel Kovacic; Andres Sousa-Poza (Discover Oceans, 2025)

Performance analysis of topologies and ratios with machine learning using Cooja simulator - A. Anu Prithiga; S. Priyadharshini; Parameswaran Ramesh; Shabana Parveen; N. Vidhya; P. T. V. Bhuvaneswari (Discover Networks, 2025)

Current state of the art in anuran dietary studies in Brazil - Camila Fernanda Moser; Karoline Ceron; Laura Kauer Schuck; Diego José Santana; Mirco Solé; Samanta Iop; Alexandro Marques Tozetti (Discover Ecology, 2025)

Fish functional diversity and its relationship to coral reef development in the Mexican tropical Pacific - Ubaldo Jarquín-Martínez; Cristian M. Galván-Villa; Karen E. Peña-Joya; Andrés López-Pérez; Enrique Godínez-Domínguez; Fabián A. Rodríguez-Zaragoza (Discover Ecology, 2025)

Life upside-down: review of ecological roles of Cassiopea (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa) in marine ecosystems—a look at the Western Atlantic - Ramón Damián Morejón-Arrojo; Marta Mammone; Natalia B. López-Figueroa; Elizabeth W. Stoner; Leandro Rodríguez-Viera (Discover Ecology, 2025)

Editorial Board (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Relative contributions of abiotic properties, soil microbes, and management practices to soil health in intensively managed rice paddies - Junjiang Chen; Min Wang; Magkdi Mola; Nikolaos Monokrousos; Tien Ming Lee; Stavros D. Veresoglou (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

The efficacy of Perilla frutescens rotation and Trichoderma harzianum application in mitigating continuous cropping challenges of Panax notoginseng - Yan WANG; Yingpin LIU; Guobing TIAN; Shengchao YANG; Junwen CHEN; Shuhui ZI; Wei FAN; Qiaoran MA; Jiamin LIU; Ping ZHAO; Shuran HE (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Impact of microplastics on CO2 emissions in paddy soils: The role of cultivation duration and microbial community - Lanfang Hu; Xinyi Hu; Yongxiang Yu; Huaiying Yao (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Functional contributions of biological soil crust microorganisms to nitrogen and carbon cycling across diverse habitats on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau - Yuang Ding; Yuchen Geng; Weicheng Zhou; Dunhai Li (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Fungal community is more sensitive to the short-term application of biochar in saline farmland soil than bacterial community - Bin Zhu; Jinqiu Li; Jizhi Li; Xin Chen; Guangyu Chi (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Microbial community composition and interactions in saline biocrusts: Insights into cyanobacterial inoculation for soil restoration - Wenfei Li; Peng Liu; Yadong Jin; Lu Chen; Mingquan Zhao; Li Wu; Shubin Lan (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Long-term influence of a municipal solid waste compost on the functionality and biodiversity of a soil contaminated with potentially toxic elements - Diquattro Stefania; Garau Giovanni; Pinna Maria Vittoria; Garau Matteo; Bagella Simonetta; Obinu Lia; Porceddu Andrea; Roggero Pier Paolo; Castaldi Paola (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Effects of sample storage conditions on agricultural soil bacterial diversity and functionality - Sara Del Duca; Cristina Aponte; Carmen Trasar-Cepeda; Francesco Vitali; Antonia Esposito; Roberta Pastorelli; Gilberto Bragato; Flavio Fornasier; Markéta Sagova-Mareckova; Marjetka Suhadolc; Stefano Mocali (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

The accumulation of microbial residues decreases with time after wetland-to-cropland conversion - Meiling Zhao; Guodong Wang; Yuanchun Zou; Lei Qin; Liang Yang; Ming Jiang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Effects of soil fauna on soil carbon accumulation under organic amendments: Insights from community composition and energy flux - Yang Bai; Yingbin Li; Xiaofang Du; Yixin Sun; Zhenxin Xu; Wenju Liang; Qi Li (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Understanding the role of soil microbiota and its' interplay with environment to ensure sustainable development for the future generations - Imtiaz Ahammed; Rittick Mondal; Jannatun Nesa; Amit Kumar Mandal; Abdul Sadat (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Influence of the triazole fungicide difenoconazole on soil microbial communities, antibiotic resistance genes, and pathogens - Baihui Shi; Wenjie Zhang; Lanjun Wang; Changrui Liu; Junpu Wang; Bo Cheng; Lusheng Zhu; Young Mo Kim; Jinhua Wang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Negative effects of pristine and UV-aged nanoplastics on lettuce growth and soil microbes - Minling Gao; Hongchang Peng; Shaojie Yang; Ziqing Wang; Zhengzhen Xiao; Weiwen Qiu; Zhengguo Song (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Influence of soil phosphorus levels on rhizosphere fungal communities in managed subtropical perennial Bahiagrass - Ran Zhi; Daniel F. Petticord; Yuxi Guo; Hui-Ling Liao; Elizabeth H. Boughton; Jed P. Sparks; Jiangxiao Qiu (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Inorganic amendment can delay the degradation of organic amendment by enhancing its resistance and mitigating microbial activities in saline–alkali soils - Shan Li; Yuanyuan Yao; Congling Zhou; Songyuan Wang; Zihan Liu; Yan Liu; Junyin Li; Guiwei Wang; Bin Gao; Dongdong Cheng; Yuechao Yang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Influence of green manuring on soil properties, abundance and expression of key denitrification genes in a greenhouse Anthrosol - R. Hernández Maqueda; I. Ballesteros; A.J. Aguirre; D. Meca; R. Linacero; F. del Moral (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Implications of size-dependent predation of protists and nematodes on the composition and functionality of the prokaryotic soil microbiome - Haotian Wang; Stefan Geisen; Christoph C. Tebbe (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Biogas slurry acts as a “microbial gatekeeper” to lower the spread risk of antibiotic resistance genes in soil-lettuce system - Yazhan Ren; Qinping Sun; Yufei Li; Junxiang Xu; Qianqian Lang; Jijin Li; Xiang Zhao (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance glyphosate resistance in an invasive weed: Implications for eco-environmental risks - Shanshan Qi; Daiyi Chen; Mengting Yan; Zhiyun Huang; Haochen Yu; Guangqian Ren; Hu'anhe Xiong; Wei Fu; Biying Zhao; Zhicong Dai; Daolin Du; Torsten Thomas (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Metagenomic insights into the effects of desiccation on functions associated with biogeochemical cycles and resistome of microbial communities - Lin Chen; Qiaoling Zhang; Wei Zhang; Kangyun Zhu; Qingyu Xu; Kaiming Hu; Qiuyue Feng; Yuyan Liu; Binhao Wang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

The long-term effect of gap size on soil invertebrates in subalpine forest - Yan Zhang; Ajuan Zhang; Zheng Zhou; Chengwei Tu; Xueyong Pang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Combined improvement of coastal saline-alkali soils by biochar and Azotobacter chroococcum: Effects and mechanisms - Jinju Hou; Jiawen Tang; Xiaotong Zhang; Shudong Zhang; Qiuzhuo Zhang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Dissolved organic carbon replenishment enhances organic matter mineralization under extremely saline-sodic conditions following straw incorporation - Jisheng Xu; Tantan Zhou; Zepeng Xuan; Qingxia Wang; Yunpeng Zhou; Jiabao Zhang; Bingzi Zhao (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Integrating soil biofilms: A holistic approach to understanding their role in soil health - Zhen Guo; Shuai Zhan; Peng Zhang; Peng Li; Bo Zhang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Use of quantitative PCR to detect and differentiate earthworm species - Nicole L. Schon; Pei-Chun (Lisa) Hsu; Sara M. (nee Kayes) Loeffen; Kyle Devey; Roger J. Hill (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Dynamic assembly in the rhizosphere microbial community of oilseed rape under uranium stress: On temporal and spatial scales - Di Guo; Lijuan Ding; Xiantao Zong; Yang Zhang; Shengyi Nan; Shihao Liu; Chang Liu; Hua Huang; Zhirui Niu (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

One-time application of struvites, ashes and superphosphate had no major impact on the microbial phosphorus mobilization capabilities over 15-months in a grassland field trial - Lea Deinert; S.M. Ashekuzzaman; Patrick Forrestal; Achim Schmalenberger (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Differential AMF diversity in the rhizosphere and endosphere of two Camellia oleifera cultivars - Yuxuan Huang; Zhen Wang; Shaohua Huang; Jia Cao; Fei Wu; Linping Zhang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Influence of distillery sewage sludge application placement methods on microbial community functions in sorghum rhizosphere: Focus on nitrogen and phosphorus cycling - Hongpei Lu; Yonggui Wu; Youfa Luo; Jiayi Yuan; Yajiao Huang; Peng Zhang; Xingying Li; Mei Zhu; Qi Zhang; Yibin Qiang; Ningning Wang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Effects of simulated root exudate C:N stoichiometry on key microbial taxa and microbial respiration - Jiajia Li; Zhenhao Wei; Wei Guo; Kang Zhang; Xiaoyu Jia; Zhouping Shangguan (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Effects of growth stage and soil type on the secretion of biological nitrification inhibitors from sorghum - Fangfang Qin; Danni Wang; Fuyun Gao; Hongwen Yue; Huaiying Yao; Yaying Li (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Effects of conventional and biodegradable microplastics at comparable environmental levels on pesticide degradation in soil - Pengtao Chen; Furong Fu; Lixia Zhao; Xiaojing Li; Yang Sun; Zhenyan Fu; Liping Weng (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Stable carbon isotope fractionation during microbial turnover of sucrose in different media: Soils, carbon-free quartz and liquid media - Klara Cecilia Gunnarsen; Jakob Magid; Per Ambus; Bent T. Christensen; Sander Bruun; Saadatullah Malghani (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Natural colonization of broad-leaved trees decreases the soil microbial abundance of Chinese fir plantation - Song Wang; Honggang Sun; Weidong Zhang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Long-term organic farming may prevent nitrate leaching by enhancing the abundance and co-occurrence of nasA-type nitrate assimilatory bacteria - Hui Han; Juan Du; Hanye Ju; Chunyu Wang; Yajuan Fu; Shuanghu Fan; Lin Wang; Xiaoqiang Hou; Qiuzhen Wang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Enhanced complexity of interkingdom co-occurrence networks in blueberry rhizosphere microbial communities under soil pH stress - Jilu Che; Yaqiong Wu; Hao Yang; Ying Chang; Wenlong Wu; Lianfei Lyu; Xiaomin Wang; Fuliang Cao; Weilin Li (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Common soil invertebrate (Collembola: Isotomiella minor) reduces weed biomass and alters weed communities - Ashley B. Jernigan; Jenny Kao-Kniffin; Sarah Pethybridge; Lynn Sosnoskie; Kyle Wickings (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Ground arthropod assemblages shaped by ant nests and shrub microhabitats in Gobi Desert ecosystems - Yilin Feng; Yongzhen Wang; Jialong Ren; Wenzhi Zhao; Zhibin He; Xueyong Pang; Jiliang Liu (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Bacterial and nematode communities associated with soybean-cultivated soils from two native Brazilian biomes - Felipe Martins do Rêgo Barros; Roy Neilson; Madeline Giles; Sandra Caul; Alexandre Pedrinho; Claudio Marcelo Gonçalves de Oliveira; Luiz Antônio da Silva; Victor Lucas Vieira Prudêncio de Araújo; Lucas William Mendes; Fernando Dini Andreote (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Responses and interactions of soil cadmium-PAHs and bacterial communities to ecosystems and seasons - Xue Li; Junwei Ma; Yuqian Li; Yijia Li (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Mechanisms of lime-induced N2O mitigation in acidic soils: A meta-analysis of microbial activity and substrate dynamics - Kiya Adare Tadesse; Tianfu Han; Zhe Shen; Nano Alemu Daba; Jiwen Li; Muhammad Numan Khan; Asad Shah; Huimin Zhang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Combining rape biochar with hydroxyapatite: An approach to reduce Cd availability and uptake in maize while enhancing bacterial abundance in alkaline contaminated soil - Meili Sun; Yihao Wang; Hui Han; Ya Feng; Jinwei Yan; Aminu Darma; Jianjun Yang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Aggregate-scale carbon dynamics in urban mediterranean soils: Insights from enzyme activities and organic matter distribution - Teresa Alía; Rubén Abad-Calderón; José Ramón Quintana; Miguel Ángel Casermeiro; Javier Fernández-Sanjulián; Sergio González-Ubierna (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Full-length sequencing revealed microbial species indicative for growth stage-dependent N2O fluxes in potato cropping on a sandy soil in Germany - Laura Charlotte Storch; Katharina Schulz; Eduardo Cerull; Annette Prochnow; Liliane Ruess; Benjamin Trost; Susanne Theuerl (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Biogeographical patterns of antibiotic resistomes in soil biocrusts from urban green spaces at the continental scale - Yulong Li; Qin Chen; Chao Chang; Mian Zhang; Ming Li; Langjun Cui (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Resilient pioneers: The ecological role of cyanobacteria in desert ecosystems - Hassan Etesami (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Soil N index enhancement by organic fertilizer application depends on aggregate size - Zewen Hei; Jiayu Shao; Rutger A. Wilschut; Yuxuan Niu; Shenglei Hao; Hongyan Zhang; Jan Kammenga; Yongliang Chen; Stefan Geisen (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Pragmatic categorization of moist woodland ecosystems of the world matching the pattern of earthworm biomass - Jiro Tsukamoto (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi suffer from perfluorooctanoic acid in soil but ameliorate negative effects on plant performance - Han Yan; Tingting Zhao; Baile Xu; Anika Lehmann; Matthias C. Rillig (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Multigenerational and transgenerational effects of ciprofloxacin on the reproduction of Enchytraeus crypticus - Marcela Ravanelli Martins; Marta Siviero Guilherme Pires (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Long-term manure and straw addition enhance protistan diversity and stimulate soil microbial interactions and nutrient mineralization in vegetable field - Yinjie Zhang; Wei Gao; Shaowen Huang; Chenyang Li; Jiwei Tang; Qian Zhang; Mingyue Li; Yilun Wang; Chao Ai (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Compaction shapes CO2 emission contrasts in sloping farmland: Erosion-deposition zones respond via soil structure and microbiome - Huizhou Gao; Mengni Zhang; Xiaojun Song; Zixuan Han; Angyuan Jia; Qiqi Gao; Shanshan Nan; Shengping Li; Xueping Wu (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Microbial community resistance is associated with soil carbon degradation under warming condition in dryland agroecosystems - Jiejun Qi; Min Gao; Ziheng Peng; Haibo Pan; Shi Chen; Mingmei Lu (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Relation of the soil microbiota of cork oak groves and surrounding grasslands to tree decline - José Carlos Marcos-Romero; Jorge Poveda; Julio Javier Diez (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Navigating soil microbiota shifts to organic pollutants: Insights into the roles of nZVI-biochar in soil ecosystem restoration - Sami Ullah; Babar Hussain; Nadeem Iqbal; Muhammad Salam; Muhammad Mohsin Raza; Shengyan Pu (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Editorial Board (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Leakage risk assessment in geologic carbon sequestration using a physics-aware ConvLSTM surrogate model - Jinzheng Kang; Xiaoqing Shi; Shaoxing Mo; Alexander Y Sun; Lijuan Wang; Haiou Wang; Jichun Wu (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Characteristics of flow and transport in low-permeability fractured rock based on a channel network model - Kunwar Mrityunjai Sharma; Chin-Fu Tsang; Joel Geier; Osvaldo Pensado; Stuart Stothoff; Auli Niemi (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Quantifying the performance of the horizontal less permeable barrier in improving the maximum sustainable withdrawal rate in coastal aquifers - Jiazhi Sun; Wenlong Shi; Miao Jing; Chunhui Lu (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Predicting water movement in unsaturated soil using physics-informed deep operator networks - Qiang Ye; Zijie Huang; Qiang Zheng; Lingzao Zeng (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Integrating analytical solutions and U-Net model for predicting groundwater contaminant plumes in pump-and-treat systems - Xuehang Song; Inci Demirkanli; Zhangshuan Hou; Xinming Lin; Marinko Karanovic; Matt Tonkin; Delphine Appriou; Rob Mackley (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

The role of phase interference in steady-state two-phase flow in porous media - Jiafan Guo; Zhechao Wang; Liping Qiao; Hao Feng (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Free convection in fractured porous media: A numerical study - Arash Andrea Roknian; Anna Scotti; Alessio Fumagalli (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Revisiting overland runoff modeling: Mixed flows and pseudo-kinematic waves - Oscar Castro-Orgaz; Juan V. Giraldez; Willi H. Hager; Francisco N. Cantero-Chinchilla (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

SPH modelling of mass detachment processes in overtopped dams. The limits of Froude similarity - Carlos Alberto D. Fraga Filho; Rui M.L. Ferreira; Rui Aleixo; Ricardo Canelas; Silvia Amaral; Teresa Viseu (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Pore-scale investigations of particle migration by fluid–particle interactions in immiscible two-phase flow systems: A three-dimensional X-ray microtomography study - Sotheavuth Sin; Muhammad Nasir; Kailin Wang; Anindityo Patmonoaji; Wilson Susanto; Bowen Wang; Shintaro Matsushita; Tetsuya Suekane (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Dynamics of fluid flow in natural fracture networks - Cuong Mai Bui; Stephan K. Matthäi (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Gradient-based estimation of spatially distributed parameters of a shallow water 2D rainfall-runoff model - Léo Pujol; Shangzhi Chen; Pierre-André Garambois (Advances in Water Resources, 2025)

Assessing vulnerability of Arctic fish species to climate change - K. J. Sora; C. C. C. Wabnitz; N. S. Steiner; U. R. Sumaila; C. Hoover; A. Niemi; L. Loseto; E. V. Lea; C. C. Breiter; J. Palacios-Abrantes; G. Reygondeau; P. Farnole; et al. (Discover Oceans, 2025)

A comparative evaluation of satellite and bio-argo-based net primary productivity algorithms for the north Indian Ocean - N. Sunanda; J. Kuttippurath; A. Chakraborty (Discover Oceans, 2025)

Length–weight relationships, condition factor and relative condition factor of blood cockle, Tegillarca granosa (L. 1758) collected from the west coast of Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh - Tanjuma Tasnim Hira; Fauzia Mashkura Nishat; Mahfuza Anika; Sanjida Afrin Semme; Md. Jasim Uddin (Discover Oceans, 2025)

Ecological status of coral communities in Investigator Shoal of the Spratly Islands, South China Sea - Ivy Nathalie Semon; Daud Awang; Stephenie Demie Kawi; Mushidi Hassan; Mohd Sabry Saidin; Aiman Azseri; Nur Angelie Agnezara Roger; Andreana Doos; Zarinah Waheed; Muhammad Ali Syed Hussein; Mazni Muhammad Addin; Khairul Hisham Hariz; et al. (Discover Oceans, 2025)
The Spratly Islands in the South China Sea are renowned for their remarkable reefs and serve as critical habitats for diverse corals and marine life. These reefs also provide livelihood benefits through fisheries and tourism, although their accessibility is limited due to remote location and geopolitical disputes. Despite the combined impacts of rampant and unregulated artificial island construction, along with outbreaks of Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (COTS), many reefs in the region remain ecologically significant and warrant conservation efforts. Investigator Shoal, a remote atoll in the Spratlys holds great potential for scientific exploration of its coral communities. This study aimed to assess the ecological status of coral reefs in this atoll by examining the condition, diversity and abundance of corals. Surveys were conducted using the Coral Video Transect (CVT) method at two different depths (10 m and 20 m) across ten reef sites. The data were analysed using the Coral Point Count with Excel extension (CPCe) software. Overall, the reef assemblages showed a mean live coral cover of 46.4% ± 3.4, categorized as ‘Fair’ condition, with all reef sites had relatively high coral diversity. A total of 168 species from 64 genera and 22 families of hard and soft corals were identified. The soft coral Xenia , and the hard corals Acropora and Porites had the highest mean coverage and were abundant in the study area. Additionally, four rare and 19 vulnerable coral species were recorded, highlighting the ecological importance of these reefs despite the apparent impacts of land reclamation and COTS outbreak. The data presented in this study serve as baseline information for future conservation plans in the remote reefs of the Spratly Islands.

Potential distribution of the endangered Ballota adenophora, endemic to Saudi Arabia under climate change scenarios: toward conservation prioritization - Hassan M. Alzain; Hassan A. Alkhunaizi; Heba Bedair (Discover Ecology, 2025)

Responses of Sydney rock oyster juveniles vary with marine heatwaves and freshening - Jasmine Glencross; Elliot Scanes; Maria Byrne; Pauline M. Ross (Discover Oceans, 2025)

Evaluation of effectiveness on-farm biosecurity measure practices to the productivity of Eucheuma denticulatum at Nain Island, Indonesia - Calvyn F. A. Sondak; Robert A. Bara; Fredrick D. Sangkia; Cicilia S. B. Kambey (Discover Oceans, 2025)
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of on-farm biosecurity measures in Eucheuma denticulatum seaweed farm, focusing on risks detection, measurement, and control. After six months of field observation, it was found that the incidence of ice-ice disease (IID) in E. denticulatum was influenced by the presence of epiphyte-biofilm and thallus wounds. The warm seawater temperatures and low salinity were identified as factors contributing to the susceptibility of the cultivated E. denticulatum . A total of 33 kg of macroalgae-epiphytes were found covering the seaweed thallus and ropes at a farm which on-farm biosecurity measure was absent, leading to 20% reduction in farm productivity. Macroalgae-epiphyte Cladophora sp. has become a major epiphytic pest in the Nain Island farm that limited the growth rate up to 62% at the reference farm. Detection measured for on-farm showed that appearance of infected thalli is not always identified with pale or bleached thalli, but wounds and fewer branches of thalli attributed to an unhealthy crop. The efficacy of the on-farm biosecurity concept including removing the epiphytes and the infected crops in seaweed farm was confirmed to improve crop health and support growth performance of an average of 5.33 ± 0.9% d −1 . The on-farm biosecurity measure practices were helped to reduce the effects of diseases by up to 83% in treatment farms. With these results, on-farm biosecurity measures became an adaptive mitigation strategy for dealing with unfavorable environmental factors for tropical eucheumatoid aquaculture.

Effect of Ascophyllum nodosum (Phaeophyta) extract on the productivity, performance, and transport stress response on propagules of the commercially important red alga Kappaphycus alvarezii - Digvijay Singh Yadav; Arti Bhojani; Jigar A. Sutariya; Ashutosh Kaushik; Bhagirath Rakhasiya; Jasmine V. Rajai; Bhavik Kantilal Bhagiya; P. Gwen Grace; Mujeer Habsi; Santlal Jaiswar; Harshad R. Brahmbhatt; V. Veeragurunathan; et al. (Discover Oceans, 2025)

On the challenges of cactus (Cactaceae) conservation in Southern Brazil and Central Argentina - Rodrigo Bustos Singer; Diego E. Gurvich; Rosana Farias-Singer; Josy Zarur de Matos (Discover Ecology, 2025)

Correction: Inter- and intraspecific patterns in age, morphometrics and mineralization status in the thorny sea pen Pennatula aculeata and the greater sea pen Ptilella grandis - Camille Aubé; Virginie Roy; Piero Calosi (Discover Oceans, 2025)

Editorial Board (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Bacterial–fungal interkingdom interactions mediate effects of biodiversity on soil carbon dynamics in wheat fields under long-term fertilization - Wenguang Li; Jiarui Zhao; Tianyu Feng; Xuechen Zhang; Ziyan Li; Wei Zheng; Bingnian Zhai (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Reduced soil diazotroph diversity decreases nitrogen fixation rates, but depends on land management - Brandon Kristy; Jaime Davidson; Sarah E. Evans; Lisa K. Tiemann (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Earthworm community structure under different land-use systems across various soil conditions - Merit Sutri; Annely Kuu; Jordi Escuer-Gatius; Kadri Konsap; Merrit Shanskiy; Endla Reintam; Mari Ivask (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Forest conversion and root trenching reshape microbial functions regulating root litter decomposition and soil carbon dynamics - Lixia Wang; Shuangjia Fu; Haoying Gao; Huichao Li; Yang Liu; Lin Xu; Li Zhang; Han Li; Chengming You; Sining Liu; Hongwei Xu; Bo Tan; et al. (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Enhancing microbial carbon use efficiency via exogenous carbon inputs: Implications for soil carbon sequestration and phosphorus availability - Weihua Su; Yutong Ma; Mingxiu Hua; Hao Chen; Zhiguang Liu; Shenqiang Wang; Yu Wang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Dynamic changes in soil characteristics, enzyme activity, and microbial communities during montane riparian forest succession - Xiaoli Han; Qian Luo; Yuhan Chen; Yajie Xuan; Chunguo Huang; Bitao Liu; Yunxiang Zhang; Xiaogang Wu; Yinglong Chen; Jinping Guo (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Computed tomography-based root structure variables determines root decomposition given a broad range of root and soil variables - Yingzhou Tang; JingWei Lian; Xuefei Cheng; Xin Liu; Hui Nie; Lei Wang; Dezong Sui; G. Geoff Wang; Jinchi Zhang; Lu Zhai (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Drought reinforces the relation between microbial activities and soil respiration but depresses the linkage between microbial activities and soil C and N: Evidence from rhizosphere in rapeseed (Brassica napu) - Qiwen Xu; Bo Zhu; Meichun Duan; Bangyan Liu; Longchang Wang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Long-term effects of forest liming on soil invertebrates - Jens Schirmel; Martin Greve (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Sheep dung addition and reseeding promote ecosystem multifunctionality by mediating soil microbial network complexity in a subtropical grassland - Debao Li; Haibian Xu; Yan Li; Jinghang Xu; Meiyan Zhang; Jianping Wu (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Acidulated composts govern the soil solution nutrient composition through changes in key functional bacterial community of alkaline soils - Sandeep Bedwal; Arvind Kumar Rai; Nirmalendu Basak; Priyanka Chandra; Parul Sundha; Amresh Chaudhary; Harshpreet Kaur; Subedar Patel; Sanjay Kumar; Rajender Kumar Yadav (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Fertilizer enriched bio-based mulch films increase nitrogen and phosphorus availability and stimulate soil microbial biomass and activity - Sara Paliaga; Luigi Badalucco; Veronica Concetta Ciaramitaro; Delia Francesca Chillura Martino; Antonio Gelsomino; Ellen Kandeler; Sven Marhan; Vito Armando Laudicina (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Light intensity surpasses soil factors in shaping dynamics and functions of Sophora davidii-associated bacterial communities during forest succession - Ying Cao; Jiahao Pan; Yidan He; Ming Yue (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

On- and off-year management-induced changes in microbial communities cause microbial necromass carbon variation in subtropical Moso bamboo forests - Zhiyuan Huang; Qiaoling Li; Fangyuan Bian; Zheke Zhong; Xu Gai; Xiaoping Zhang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Microbial phosphorus demand affects carbon-degrading potential under long-term nitrogen addition in a subtropical forest - Linna Chen; Quanxin Zeng; Qiufang Zhang; Biao Zhu; Yuexin Fan; Xiaochun Yuan; Yuehmin Chen (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Successive organic fertilizer substitution alleviated net ecosystem carbon loss in new vegetable field converted from rice paddy - Quan Tang; Feiyi Zhang; Jing Wang; Wenxia Dai; Zhenwang Li; Weiqin Yin; Xiaoyuan Yan; Xiaozhi Wang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Effect of microbe-mediated allelochemicals derived from soil of a plant species on two co-occurring native plant species - Jiajia Wang; Kun Liu; Carol C. Baskin; Ziyang Liu; Hanwen Cui; Jingwei Chen; Yajun Wang; Hongxian Song; Zi Yang; Anning Zhang; Lizhe An; Sa Xiao; et al. (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Tree growth is linked to the diversity of belowground fungal functional guilds across nine Chinese fir plantations in subtropics - Feihua Zhou; Hanshuo Zhang; Hao Yang; Sirong Wang; Bingzhang Zou; Luhong Zhou; Zhi-Jie Yang; Yong Zheng (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Methane oxidation in alpine meadow and wetland soils on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Roles of USCγ and conventional methanotrophs - Yan Tong; Jinchen Liu; Xiaomeng Zhu; Hongan Pan; Yongcui Deng (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Rice cultivation in saline-alkaline soil shifts the coupling of phosphorus functional genes and salt tolerance genes based on metagenomic analysis - Qilin Lv; Jingbiao Fan; Tairan Zhou; Xiaocheng Pan; Huixian Li; Xueqin Ren; Lin Zhang; Shuwen Hu (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Insights into the interlinkages between rhizosphere soil extracellular enzymes and microbiome assemblages across soil profiles in grasslands - Xueqing Liu; Xifeng Fan; Mingcai Zhang; Hui Zhang; Yuesen Yue; Juying Wu; Wenjun Teng; Na Mu; Ke Teng; Haifeng Wen (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Metagenomic reconstruction of microbial structure and carbon cycling for annual crop productivity: influence of long-term straw mulching and nitrogen - Hongkun Yang; Qiaozheng Zou; Jiarui Zhang; Qian Xia; Xiaohong Ten; Xiulan Huang; Gaoqiong Fan (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Responses of soil bacterial communities and PAH-degrading genes to PAHs during soil self-purification: Evidence from a microcosm experiment - Xian Zhou; Xuwei Li; Chao Lu; Jian Wang; Chao Qin; Wanting Ling (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Fertilization decreases microbial CUE via enhancing soil properties and microbial respiration in coal mine reclamation area - Jinfeng Wang; Zhengming Luo; Jia Li; Jianhua Li; Minggang Xu (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Formation and microbial decomposability of new leaf- and root-derived soil organic carbon in forests varied with soil depth and duration: Direct evidence from 13C-labelled litter incubation - Tianyang Song; Siqi Cheng; Xuechao Zhao; Dario A. Fornara; Qingkui Wang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Afforestation inhibits aromatic ring cleavage and promotes soil organic carbon sequestration in seasonally flooded marshland soils at 1-m depth in China - Shuhui Du; En Liu; Haoyang Li; Yuan Wei; Chunqian Jiang; Xiaogang Wu; Qian Zhang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Harnessing AMF for tetracycline pollution remediation: Insights from the remodeling of hyphosphere soil bacterial communities - Hao Shi; Yunshu Wu; Lei Wang; Zhenyu Song; Yuze Lv; Baiyan Cai (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Organic-inorganic fertilization optimizes phoD-harboring microbial communities and increases phosphorus availability in paddy soils under intensive rice cropping - Danmei Chen; Lipeng Zang; Guangqi Zhang; Qingfu Liu; Mingzhen Sui; Yiren Liu (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Field study of biochar effects on vegetation and bacterial communities in a restored mine - Jia Xin Liao; Sanandam Bordoloi; Yu Chen Wang; Billy Chi Hang Hau; Charles W.W. Ng (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Topographic patterns of soil traits and macro fauna in oriental beech forests in Iran - Maryam Fazlollahi Mohammadi; Brian Tobin; Andrew Kulmatiski; Seyed Gholamali Jalali; Yahya Kooch (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

SOC sequestration, N and P retention in mineral soils depend on arbuscular mycorrhizal tree dominance and soil microbial traits - Qianru Ji; Qi Li; Yanbo Yang; Xiting Zhang; Xudong Cao; Huimei Wang; Wenjie Wang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Using mid-infrared spectroscopy to estimate soil microbial properties at the continental scale - Soni Ghimire; Yakun Zhang; Jingyi Huang; Erica L.-W. Majumder; Alfred E. Hartemink; Emily B. Graham; Odeta Qafoku; Joseph Andrews; Zachary B. Freedman (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Residual plastic film debris induced the reconstruction of soil microbial communities: Potential mechanisms affecting the natural attenuation of PAHs - Wenxiu Bao; Ming Chen; Wen Zhang; Lei Wang; Jianing Wang; Hongwen Sun; Fanyong Song; Leilei Wang; Bing Li (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Soil myxomycete community in temperate cropland and influence of straw turnover - Feng-Yun Zhao; Guan-Xiu Guan; Rui-Xuan Xiang; Bai-You Chen; Jing Feng; Jian Liu (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Fertilization type affects the genetic potential for phosphorus mineralization but not for phosphorus solubilization at the continental scale - Yanhong Yuan; María Belén Barquero; Yu Li; Shuiqing Zhang; Hongzhu Fan; Huimin Zhang; Qiang Li; Shutang Liu; Linlin Shi; Andong Cai; Chengjie Ren; Minggang Xu; et al. (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Soil salinity and moisture have contrasting effects on deterministic versus stochastic assembly of bacterial communities in alpine lake shores - Jie Fang; Jonathan M. Adams; Zihao Liu; Yongcui Deng (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Silver nanoparticles altered soil respiration, enzyme activity, carbon use efficiency and microbial community in an upland soil - Xincheng Hong; Yudi Song; Dongdong Cao; Shengwen Xu; Feng Gao; Haoxin Fan; Huaiying Yao (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Rhizosphere endophytes as allies in plant defense against heavy metals and organic pollutants in soil: Advances and applications - Sicheng Hang; Chen Wu; Guanwei Peng; Feng Li; Fei Ge; Jie Gan; Ling Li; Jie Li (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Microbially mediated mechanisms underlie N2O mitigation by bio-organic fertilizer in greenhouse vegetable production system - Lijun Ren; Lili Dong; Guopeng Liang; Yanyu Han; Jiaqi Li; Qingfeng Fan; Dan Wei; Hongtao Zou; Yulong Zhang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)

Microbial community assembly elucidates differential biotic homogenization in soils caused by agricultural expansion in the Yangtze River estuary - Yufan Yang; Yanhan Ji; Shuying Wang; Congrui Liu; Ping Zhang; Guifeng Gao; Yu Shi; Jiandong Jiang; Xu Liu; Baozhan Wang (Applied Soil Ecology, 2025)