A retrieval framework for observationally constraining the parameters of circumplanetary disks - Aster G. Taylor; Fred C. Adams (Icarus, 2026)

Holocene development and climatic sensitivity of an Amazonian peatland pole forest: Nueva York, Peru - Christine M. Åkesson; Katherine H. Roucoux; Arnoud Boom; Greta C. Dargie; Jhon del Aguila-Pasquel; Gerardo Flores; Pauline Gulliver; William Hiles; Timothy R. Baker; Frederick C. Draper; Adam Hastie; Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado; et al. (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2026)

Collaborative studies on in vitro digestibility of dietary proteins based on the INFOGEST Quant protocol: toward international standardization - Lotti Egger; Ana Blanco-Doval; Cédric Brügger; Raquel Sousa; Lychou Abbühl; Marta Santos Hernández; Beatriz Miralles; Cristina Gómez-Marin; Adam Macierzanka; Patrycja Szumała; Ilona E. Kłosowska-Chomiczewska; Ana Isabel Mulet-Cabero; et al. (Food Research International, 2026)

Recycled seawater chlorine in the lithospheric mantle facilitates metal enrichment in collisional orogens - Jingbo Zhang; Rui Wang; Zoltán Zajacz; Alexandra Tsay; Adam C. Simon; Wen-Jie Xia; Yun-Zhao Ge; Zeng-Qian Hou (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2026)

Isolating Effects of Temperature and Light on Nutrient Acquisition by Biofilm and Bryophyte Communities in Arctic Spring-Stream Ecosystems - Tori A. Hebert; Adam C. Hensley; Carla L. Atkinson; Jonathan P. Benstead; Alexander D. Huryn (Ecosystems, 2026)

Nutrient dynamics and buffering capacity of coastal groundwater-dependent microbialite ecosystems - Carla Dodd; Hayley C. Cawthra; Gudrun Massmann; Janine B. Adams; Callum R. Anderson; Lucienne R.D. Human; Daniel A. Lemley; Tristin W. O'Connell; Gavin M. Rishworth (Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2026)

Neuron irradiation of Caenorhabditis elegans by protons triggers base excision repair pathway with limited effect on behaviour - A. Sleiman; F. Vianna-Legros; K. Lalanne; M. Cardot-Martin; J. Gaffin; C. Heranney; G. Sévénié; Y. Perrot; T. Sengupta; H. Nilsen; M. Richaud; S. Galas; et al. (DNA Repair, 2026)

Navigating morphometric minefields: Modelling heteroscedasticity in length‐conversion models - Alex J. C. Burton; J. Matías Braccini; Adam N. H. Smith (Journal of Fish Biology, 2026)
A common problem when combining data on species' traits from multiple sources is that researchers often measure the same trait in different ways. For example, the length of a shark can be measured in a straight‐line or over‐the‐body, and for lengths that include the tail (e.g., fork and total lengths), with the tail in ‘stretched’ or ‘natural’ position. Statistical models comparing one variant to another can be used to standardise length measurements, thus allowing data to be combined. Often, when fitting such models, little attention is paid to the patterns of residuals, trusting that log‐transforming the data adequately accounts for heteroscedasticity, or whether conversion models built with data from defrosted specimens can be used on data from fresh (or live) individuals. Using a Bayesian modelling approach, we compared the out‐of‐sample predictive performance of linear and log‐linear models, with and without a model term that explicitly modelled heteroscedasticity as a function of the predictor variable, for converting between several length variants for school shark ( Galeorhinus galeus ). We found that point predictions were effectively identical across all four model forms. However, models including a term for heteroscedasticity produced superior predictive performance and prediction interval coverage. Measurements recorded from fresh individuals also fell within the prediction intervals of values estimated by models built using length variants measured from defrosted animals, suggesting that such models can be used to convert between length variants measured from fresh animals. Although the simpler models may be adequate for producing point estimates of the mean, models used to convert between length variants should include a term that explicitly models heteroscedasticity wherever prediction intervals or propagated uncertainty matter.

Understanding Catalyst Aerosol Dynamics in the Floating Catalyst Chemical Vapor Deposition Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes - Arthur W.N. Sloan; Michael W.J. Glerum; Glen C. Irvin; Adam M. Boies; Matteo Pasquali (Journal of Aerosol Science, 2026)

North American crayfish: A quest for the biggest catch - Caitlin C. Bloomer; Susan B. Adams; Zanethia C. Barnett; Zackary A. Graham; Emmy M. Delekta; David M. Hayes; Zachary J. Loughman; Hugh MacIntosh; M. Worth Pugh; Karen Reed; Nathaniel F. Shoobs; Christopher A. Taylor; et al. (Ecology, 2026)

Informed use of Aliivibrio fischeri Bioluminescence Inhibition Testing for High Strength Aqueous Matrices Treated with Advanced Oxidation Processes - Adam C. Burdsall; Rebecca B. Kriss; Andrea Burkes; Matthew L. Magnuson (Environmental Processes, 2026)

Balancing climate and biodiversity: Assessing the socioeconomic impacts of the 30-by-30 target with climate warming constraints - Kevin Lin Yang; C. Adam Schlosser; Angelo Gurgel (Land Use Policy, 2026)

Integrated geological, economic, and risk assessment of underground hydrogen storage - Prakash Purswani; K C Bijay; Hyeonseok Lee; Yun Yang; Uwaila C. Iyare; Lawrence O. Baompong; Shaowen Mao; David Z. Li; Zhidi Wu; Manjeet Chhetri; Siqin Yu; Xiaoyu Zhang; et al. (Fuel, 2026)

Development of a particle-based reactor network model for pressurized entrained flow gasifiers - Eric C. Monson; Bradley R. Adams (Fuel, 2026)

Framing of ultra-processed foods in UK news media (2022–2023) and associations with quoted actors’ interests: a mixed-methods study - Jennie C Parnham; Kiara Chang; Michael Essman; Deb Smith; Mike P Etkind; Maisie McKenzie; Prisha Shah; Milica Vasiljevic; Mark Petticrew; Martin White; Anthony A Laverty; Emma Boyland; et al. (Food Policy, 2026)

Weathering the ride: Associations of heat, smoke, precipitation, and ozone with bus ridership in Colorado - Priyanka deSouza; Elizabeth A. Dzwonczyk; Peter C Ibsen; Adam M. Lippert; Carl Green; TC Chakraborty; Melissa R. McHale; Peter Anthamatten; Ebru Altintas; Carrie Makarewicz (Environmental Research, 2026)

GollumFit: An icecube open-source framework for binned-likelihood neutrino telescope analyses - R. Abbasi; M. Ackermann; J. Adams; S.K. Agarwalla; J.A. Aguilar; M. Ahlers; J.M. Alameddine; N.M. Amin; K. Andeen; C. Argüelles; Y. Ashida; S. Athanasiadou; et al. (Computer Physics Communications, 2026)

High Site Fidelity and Elevated δ¹⁵N in Bonefish (Albula vulpes) Suggest Localized Wastewater Stress in a Marine National Park - Ross E. Boucek; Lukas C. Kovanda; Natasha Viadero; Aaron J. Adams; Jennifer S. Rehage; Rolando O. Santos; W. Ryan James (Estuaries and Coasts, 2026)
Coastal zones are subjected to many anthropogenic stresses that operate on multiple spatial scales. Understanding how these stressors interact with the movement and resource ecology of mobile species is critical for effective conservation and management. Biscayne National Park (BNP) is adjacent to Miami (U.S.) and supports an economically important recreational fishery for bonefish ( Albula vulpes ). Within BNP, the western region is subjected to nutrient loading and seagrass fragmentation from mainland anthropogenic stress. Here we ask, do bonefish show fidelity to regions within Biscayne Bay? And do their movement and residency patterns create intra-population differences in exposure to land-based anthropogenic stresses? We investigated the spatial ecology of bonefish within western and eastern regions in BNP and an adjacent region, upper Florida Keys, to the south, using acoustic telemetry and stable isotope analysis. Our study revealed high site fidelity among bonefish across three regions, with limited inter-regional movement outside of spawning migrations. Stable isotope analysis showed more enriched δ¹⁵N values in west BNP bonefish, suggesting exposure to wastewater-derived nutrient subsidies. And, less enriched δ 13 C in west BNP relative to east BNP potentially due to higher inputs of terrestrial basal resources. These findings indicate that bonefish residency patterns result in differential exposure to land-based stressors that should be considered for management and conservation of BNP ecosystems. Our results highlight the utility of combining movement and resource use data to identify vulnerable subpopulations and inform spatially explicit management strategies in urbanized coastal systems.

Operationalising circular economy and resilience in water management systems in an increasingly uncertain world - Enayat A Moallemi; Stefanos Xenarios; Russel M Wise; Adam C Castonguay (Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2026)

“Persistent ecological impacts related to West Nile virus revealed using community science and vector surveillance data” - Brock Geary; Adam C. Smith; Lisa Williams; Sean P. Murphy; Brandon P.M. Edwards; Nicole L. Michel; Timothy D. Meehan; Roderick B. Gagne (Biological Conservation, 2026)

Historical bottlenecks and restricted gene flow in one of the last remaining stronghold populations of the southern black-throated finch (Poephila cincta cincta) - Skye Davis; Adam J. Stow; Jemma McCrossin; Wilbur Ashley; John M. van Osta; Brad Dreis; Simon C. Griffith (Conservation Genetics, 2026)
Habitat fragmentation is a key driver of reduced genetic connectivity and loss of genetic variation among populations, elevating the risk of inbreeding depression and reduced adaptive potential. The black-throated finch ( Poephila cincta ) is an endemic Australian finch with two recognised subspecies, a northern ( P. c. atropygialis ) and southern form ( P. c. cincta ) separated by a biogeographic barrier in northern Australia. The southern subspecies is nationally endangered and has experienced severe range contractions since the rise of pastoralism, with only two stronghold populations remaining (Townsville Coastal Plain and Desert Uplands Bioregion). Using a panel of more than 14,000 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms for 107 individuals, we characterised spatial genetic structure for the Desert Uplands population. We mapped effective migration surfaces and tested for isolation by resistance to identify potential barriers to gene flow, estimated contemporary effective population sizes and reconstructed the demographic history of this population. We found evidence of restricted gene flow between localities only 16 km apart and strong isolation by geographic distance. Landscape resistance modelling identified areas of suitable woodland habitat that facilitated effective dispersal. More restricted gene flow in the southern range of this population is likely influenced by the fragmentation of suitable vegetation communities. Contemporary effective population sizes were near or below 1000, and we detected two historical population bottlenecks (> 50% decline) occurring around 60–100 and 700 years ago. Given recent evidence that the Desert Uplands population is genetically isolated from the only other stronghold population in Townsville, the results of this study suggest future losses of genetic diversity and adaptive potential may continue without effective management. To improve the long-term persistence of southern-black throated finch across their range, prioritising the conservation and restoration of habitat that promotes genetic connectivity is essential.

Proteomic Differences Reveal Early Development of Contrasting Energetic Strategies Between Divergent Migratory Ecotypes in Three‐Spined Stickleback - Megan Barnes; Adam Dowle; Andrew D. C. MacColl; Lisa Chakrabarti (Molecular Ecology, 2026)
Divergence in migratory behaviour represents a striking and common axis of life‐history variation in animals. Plastic changes in adult animals in preparation for migration are well known, but the differences in early development between migratory and non‐migratory forms are not well documented. These differences might contribute to reproductive isolation because of the potentially substantial divergence in metabolism and physiology. Here we document substantial differences between migratory ecotypes in sarcomeric development and energetic pathways from immediately after hatching. On North Uist (Scottish Western Isles), migratory and non‐migratory (‘resident’) three‐spined stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ) ecotypes breed in sympatry in brackish lagoons, providing an ideal system for investigating early developmental and energetic strategies associated with migration. Using relative‐quantitative proteomics, we compared protein abundance in migratory, resident and reciprocal hybrid crosses of the three‐spined stickleback 2 days after hatching. Migratory stickleback exhibited higher abundance of muscle, metabolic and collagen‐associated proteins, indicating early investment in growth and preparation for the energetic demands of migration and sustained swimming. In contrast, resident stickleback showed increased abundance of maternal provisioning proteins, delayed hatching and higher hatching success, consistent with a strategy of producing fewer but high‐quality offspring. Hybrids generally exhibited intermediate protein abundances, but there was some evidence of negative transgression in proteins related to mitochondrial function which might contribute to reduced fitness through mitonuclear incompatibility. Together, these results reveal early biochemical differences consistent with divergent energy allocation and reproductive strategies between migratory and resident stickleback.

Data Considerations for Estimating Ambient Heat Exposure for Environmental Epidemiological Studies - Emma L. Gause; Talia Feldscher; Zachary Popp; Keith R. Spangler; Sean C. Mueller; Quinn H. Adams; TC Chakraborty; Lucy R. Hutyra; Allison James; Thomas J. Luben; Dany Doiron; Carina J. Gronlund; et al. (Current Environmental Health Reports, 2026)

Comparative Assessment of Landmark-Based and Surface-Based Shape Quantification and Analysis in Geometric Morphometrics - Jordyn Eovito; Elizabeth Glynne; Dean C. Adams (Evolutionary Biology, 2026)

Harnessing quantum technology in food and nutrition sciences: a scoping review of innovations, challenges, and future directions - Karim Karbin; Vyom Patel; Mojtaba Shafiee; Adam Dominic George Baxter-Jones; Marta C. Erlandson; Ginny Lane; Philip D. Chilibeck; Steven Rayan; Hassan Vatanparast (Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2026)

A targeted antioxidant nanomedicine regulates mitochondrial ROS and antiviral immunity in rhinovirus-infected human bronchial epithelial cells - Thomas J. Adams; Michael Schuliga; Su Ling Loo; Shan Mohanan; Nyoaki Pearce; Punnam C. Veerati; Andrew T. Reid; Nathan W. Bartlett; Mingtao Liang (Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 2026)

The AuScope National Virtual Core Library infrastructure program—from vision to implementation - C. Laukamp; S. Mulè; I. C. Lau; B. Pejcic; J. Stromberg; P. Warren; C. Adams; V. Fazio; N. Francis; A. Hunt; L. Jiang; M. LeGras; et al. (Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2026)

Climate drove gradual rainforest transitions in Wallacea (Sulawesi, Indonesia) during the last glacial-interglacial transition (24,000 – 9,000 years BP) - Adam J. Benfield; Sarah J. Ivory; Rebecca Hamilton; Janelle Stevenson; Meredith C. Parish; Satria Bijaksana; Hendrik Vogel; James M. Russell (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2026)

Assessing the role of evaporite assimilation for the formation of iron oxide-apatite deposits - Xuyang Meng; Adam C. Simon; Jingwen Mao; Chao Duan; Kouki Kitajima; Owen K. Neill; Ilya Bindeman (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2026)

EXPANSE Urban Labs: a panel study to deepen understanding of healthy urban living environments - Ayoung Jeong; Taymara C. Abreu; Joline WJ. Beulens; Zimbo Boudewijns; Fabián Coloma; Kees de Hoogh; Benjamin Flückiger; Anke Huss; Medea Imboden; Magdalena Janc; Maria-Iosifina Kasdagli; Adam El Kassimi; et al. (Environmental Research, 2026)

Ecological responses of tree communities to conservation zonation in a tropical forest of Mizoram, India - C. Lalruatkimi; Khumanthem Babina Devi; Madhurima; Lal Thawmmawii; Nistha Khanna; Ahmed Abdallah Adam Mohamed; Om Prakash Tripathi (Community Ecology, 2026)

Pac-rophage: Teaching Macrophage Phagocytosis Through Game Play - Caroline Cvetkovic; Madison C Fanning; Ali Ansari; Trisha Patnaik; Shreya Gustafson; Divya Bendigeri; Adam P Williamson; Elise A Corbin (Biomedical Engineering Education, 2026)

Continental Drivers of Population‐Level Intraspecific Trait Variability in Salamanders, Birds, and Small Mammals - Isadora E. Fluck; Sydne Record; Angela Strecker; Phoebe L. Zarnetske; Dean C. Adams; Morgan W. Tingley; Rodney B. Siegel; Benjamin Baiser (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2026)
Aim Intraspecific trait variability (ITV) is a key component of biodiversity because it informs how organisms respond to abiotic and biotic conditions. Understanding how the variability among individuals within a population (population‐level ITV) changes along environmental gradients offers insight into how local processes contribute to broad‐scale biodiversity patterns. Here, we examine how climate and species‐richness interact to drive population‐level ITV across taxa with distinct life‐histories. Location United States and Canada. Time Period Present. Major Taxa Studied Plethodon salamanders, birds, and small mammals. Methods Individual body‐size measurements were compiled from multiple large‐scale biodiversity data sources, and population‐level ITV across populations of the focal taxa was quantified as the coefficient of variation (CV). Using Bayesian phylogenetic generalized linear mixed models (PGLMMs), we tested the effects of mean annual temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity, as well as their interactions with species richness, while accounting for species identity, phylogeny, and site. Results The influence of environmental predictors on population‐level ITV differed across taxonomic groups. Salamander ITV declined with humidity and increased with temperature in species‐rich sites, bird ITV increased with temperature, and small‐mammal ITV decreased with precipitation but increased with humidity and temperature in species‐rich sites. Main Conclusions We found that abiotic and biotic conditions shape trait diversity within populations, and that these factors differ across taxonomic groups according to their life‐histories. Groups with relatively low mobility and that are closely tied to their microhabitats showed increased population‐level ITV in warm, species‐rich environments. These findings challenge the classic niche‐packing expectations by suggesting that responses to climatic stress and interspecific competition can increase individual variation within populations, potentially reflecting differences in the strategies individuals adopt to cope with environmental challenges. Together, these insights underscore the importance of studying intraspecific trait variation for understanding macroecological patterns in biodiversity.

Analysis of second-generation epigenetic clocks reveals further associations between disproportionate biological ageing and hippocampal volume - Lidija Milicic; Michael Vacher; Vincent Doré; Pierrick Bourgeat; Rosita Shishegar; James D. Doecke; Paul Maruff; Christopher C. Rowe; Victor L. Villemagne; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; et al. (GeroScience, 2026)

Late Holocene environmental history of Dojran, Macedonia: Investigating the interplay of imperial dynamics and climatic change - Alessia Masi; Lucrezia Masci; Georgios C. Liakopoulos; Monica Bini; Alexander Francke; Ilaria Isola; Carlo Ricotta; Laura Sadori; Alexander Sarantis; Sławomir Sprawski; Jakub Sypiański; Irene Tunno; et al. (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2026)
This study presents a high‐resolution, multi‐proxy reconstruction of environmental and land‐use change from Lake Dojran over historical times (last 2500 years), combining pollen, biomarkers, radiocarbon dating, Ottoman taxation records and other historical data. Our results show that vegetation dynamics were persistently shaped by human activity, with climatic variability acting as a secondary driver. Agricultural expansion, arboriculture, pastoralism and woodland clearance correspond to the differing political and economic regimes of the Macedonian, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman periods. Phases of stability—such as the (Roman) Augustan era and the 16th‐century Pax Ottomana —coincide with strong agricultural intensification, while climatic anomalies, conflict and epidemics are reflected in declines in cultivation. The integration of palaeoecological data with spatially resolved Ottoman records allows the identification of distinct socio‐ecological zones within the catchment, including cereal‐oriented lowlands and pastoral uplands, explaining divergent land‐use trajectories. These combined data sets demonstrate the value of a consilient approach, revealing how environmental, economic and administrative factors interacted to shape long‐term landscape transformation and local resilience.

Influence of environmental factors on pollen- and chironomid-based Holocene temperature inferences: A multisite comparison in eastern Canada - Jonathan A. Lesven; Laurent Millet; François Gillet; Thomas Suranyi; Augustin Feussom-Tcheumeleu; Lisa Bajolle; Yves Bergeron; André Arsenault; Cécile C. Remy; Adam A. Ali; Damien Rius (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2026)

Sustainable phosphorus capture with PZsorb: Reducing pollution and enabling circular nutrient management - Mariam Darestani; Bijan P. Markhali; Adam Farahani; Matheus C. Duarte; Atefeh Ahmadbeigi; Deshveen Chandran; Ricky-John Spencer; David E.J. Garman; Pooja Kaur Chaggar; Kazem Javan (Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2026)

The ongoing journey of modelling intercropping systems: A conceptual resource sharing intercomparison from model developers and expert users - Adam Muhammad Adam; Myriam Adam; Folkard Asch; Kenneth J Boote; Vimbayi Grace Petrova Chimonyo; Mathias Christina; Marc Corbeels; Antoine Couëdel; Mathilde De Freitas; Tomas Della Chiesa; Frank Ewert; Gatien N Falconnier; et al. (Field Crops Research, 2026)

Monitoring evapotranspiration to link agricultural water use with crop yield at sub-field scales - Adam P. Schreiner-McGraw; Martha C. Anderson; Kenneth A. Sudduth; Curtis J. Ransom; Jisung G. Chang; Feng Gao (Precision Agriculture, 2026)
Purpose Scientists and producers have pursued precision agriculture to increase yields and limit environmental impacts. Applying precision agriculture concepts has not been straightforward, however, because complex interactions between soil and weather govern crop growth. We hypothesize that evapotranspiration (ET) is a single metric that captures interactions between plant status, soil, topography, and weather and can be used to predict spatial patterns in crop yield. Methods We used remotely sensed estimates of ET to calculate a normalized ET metric describing the ratio of actual to reference ET (f RET ) at a research farm located in the U.S. Corn Belt. Using the resulting 30-m resolution maps of f RET , we estimated the within-field variability in crop water stress and used machine learning techniques to relate f RET , soil, and topographic properties to crop yield. Results We show that total growing season ET is not a strong predictor of yield spatial variability ( r < 0.3), but when used to train a random forest model, f RET estimates are stronger predictors (mean R 2 = 0.6). In fact, f RET alone is better at predicting yield than any other combination of soil, topographic, and hydrologic data tested with machine learning methods. We also show that end of season yield can be predicted with just 9 weeks of f RET data which provides the opportunity to use remotely sensed ET to guide in-season site-specific management decisions. Conclusion This novel combination of earth observations and machine learning algorithms can guide sustainable intensification of agricultural systems within the context of increasing water stress.

Safety and tolerability of the ACE-inhibitor lisinopril among Nigerian adults with HIV: preliminary pilot data from a randomized clinical trial - Faisal S. Dankishiya; Hamza Muhammad; Usman J. Wudil; Baba M. Musa; Liping Du; Ibrahim A. Adam; Aima A. Ahonkhai; Anna M. Burgner; Aishatu M. Nalado; Mahmoud U. Sani; Aliyu Abdu; Bryan E. Shepherd; et al. (Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 2026)

Petrochronology of monazite and xenotime from emerald deposits in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia: constraints on the hydrothermal evolution of the Cretaceous basin - Andrés Felipe González-Durán; Adam C. Simon; Robert Holder; Javier García-Toloza (Mineralium Deposita, 2026)
Lower Cretaceous strata of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia host some of the world’s premier emerald deposits, yet the timing of mineralization—and its relationship to the tectonic evolution of the Cordillera—remains poorly constrained. We present high-resolution in situ U–Th–Pb petrochronology of monazite and xenotime from both the Eastern and Western Emerald Belts, revealing at least three stages of mineral growth: (1) authigenic crystallization during early burial and diagenesis (~ 140–120 Ma, Eastern Belt; ~125–100 Ma, Western Belt) (2) metamorphic recrystallization at ~ 120 Ma (Eastern Belt) and ~ 99 Ma (both belts) associated with peak basin temperatures; and (3) prolonged hydrothermal overprinting initiated by a major fluid pulse at ~ 85 Ma and persisting until ~ 37 Ma. Emeralds (± euclase) and associated REE minerals formed during this final stage in at least two distinct episodes. Our results document a multistage, episodic history of emerald mineralization, with REE redistribution closely linked to polyphase tectonothermal processes rather than a single mineralizing event. These findings refine the temporal framework for Colombian emerald formation, highlight the potential for REE recovery as a by-product of emerald mining, and underscore the importance of non-magmatic hydrothermal systems in sedimentary basins as potential sources of critical minerals.

Coordination dynamics and speed-related adaptations in forward and backward walking - Morteza Farivar; Adam C. King (Experimental Brain Research, 2026)

Correction: The atmospheric effect of aerosols on future tropical cyclone frequency and precipitation in the energy exascale earth system model - Ana C. T. Sena; Christina M. Patricola-DiRosario; Suzana J. Camargo; Adam H. Sobel (Climate Dynamics, 2026)

Expanding insights into plant rhabdovirus diversity through the discovery of viruses representing 32 putative novel species - Marleen Botermans; P. P. M. de Koning; M. Westenberg; I. P. Adams; K. Ben Mansour; C. Chabi-Jesus; C. de Krom; A. M. Dullemans; R. Festus; A. R. Fowkes; A. Fox; J. Freitas-Astúa; et al. (Archives of Virology, 2026)
Plant-infecting rhabdoviruses (family Rhabdoviridae , subfamily Betarhabdovirinae ) include several viruses that cause important crop diseases and are subject to phytosanitary regulation. Despite their agricultural and ecological importance, the diversity of plant rhabdoviruses and their impact on plant health remain poorly understood. Here, we report 32 tentative novel species of plant-infecting rhabdoviruses, identified via high-throughput sequencing and spanning nine established genera. The virus sequences originated from diverse hosts and geographic regions, revealing extensive diversity within the family Rhabdoviridae . Several viruses were detected independently in the same host species across multiple countries, demonstrating the practical value of data sharing for confirming host associations and gaining insight into the geographic distribution of these viruses. Our study highlights the underexplored diversity of plant rhabdoviruses and demonstrates the value of coordinated, collaborative virus discovery. With HTS now widely accessible, the challenge has shifted from virus discovery to making sequence data and metadata publicly available, and to conducting the time-consuming biological characterization often deprioritized in favour of viruses with immediate phytosanitary relevance. As a result, many findings remain unreported, leaving valuable data dormant on servers. By sharing genomic data prior to publication, we present an efficient approach to accelerate virus reporting, enable comparative analyses and advance understanding of virus diversity. We hope this collaborative effort will encourage further exploration of plant viruses, including those from hosts without discernable symptoms, supporting virus biology, taxonomy, pest risk assessments, and plant health policies.

Comparison of Six Data Cleaning Methods for Determining Repetitive Head Impact Exposure in Youth Tackle Football - Samantha DeAngelo; Adam Culiver; Enora Le Flao; Nick Shoaf; Durshil Doshi; Ryan Tracy; Nii-Ayi Aryeetey; Anna Quatrale; Carly Smith; Jianing Ma; Jeff Pan; Jingzhen Yang; et al. (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2026)
Purpose Instrumented mouthguards (iMGs) are commonly used to quantify head acceleration event (HAE) exposure, but accurate interpretation requires rigorous data cleaning methods. This study compared six data cleaning methods for determining HAE rates and magnitudes, as well as cleaning method validity compared to the 5 th method video verification in youth tackle football. Methods Fifty athletes (ages 8-12) wore Impact Monitoring Mouthguards during games across one season. Six data cleaning methods were applied to HAEs, including uncleaned data, time-windowing, proprietary classification algorithms, video verification, and combinations thereof. Impact rate, peak linear acceleration (PLA), and peak rotational velocity (PRV) were compared across methods using rate ratios, and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs), and non-parametric analyses. Results Data cleaning methods significantly influenced HAE rate but had minimal effect on magnitude. The uncleaned dataset produced the highest HAE rate (67.75 per athlete exposure), while the most stringent method (i.e., time-windowed, proprietary algorithm-classified, video-verified data) yielded the lowest (0.70 per athlete exposure). Although the time-windowed, proprietary algorithm-classified data demonstrated high specificity (0.96), it demonstrated low sensitivity (0.37) and positive predictive value (0.39) when compared to video-verified data. Differences in PLA across methods were not significant; only one significant difference in PRV was observed. Conclusions These findings highlight the impact of data cleaning on HAE quantification in youth tackle football. Although video verification remains best practice, it is resource intensive. Time-windowed, algorithm-classified data may serve as an efficient proxy in similar cohorts, though researchers should recognize its limitations. Findings support the need for standardized data cleaning methods and transparent reporting to ensure accurate and comparable HAE exposure estimates.

Organic matter respiration stoichiometry in the Arctic Ocean is linked to shifts in plankton community composition - Skylar D. Gerace; Tia Chung‐Swanson; Adam J. Fagan; Melissa L. Brock; Lee W. Cooper; Seth Danielson; Carin Ashjian; Jacqueline M. Grebmeier; Adam C. Martiny (Limnology and Oceanography, 2026)
The global rate of ocean deoxygenation may be influenced by the molar ratio of dissolved oxygen to organic carbon consumed during microbial respiration. However, respiration stoichiometry and its environmental controls are not fully understood due to sparse direct measurements and limited global coverage. Here, we measured surface concentrations of particulate chemical oxygen demand, particulate organic carbon, and particulate organic nitrogen from the Bering Sea (54°N) to the North Pole (90°N). Unlike previous measurements in other regions, the respiration quotient (−O 2 :C) was not primarily associated with sea surface temperature or nitrate availability. Instead, it was more strongly correlated with sea surface salinity, with oxygen isotope measurements (δ 18 O) supporting sea ice formation as a contributor to salinity variability. Based on DNA sampling and short‐read metagenomic sequencing, we found that the relative abundance of heterotrophic bacteria positively correlated with sea surface salinity and the respiration quotient. Additionally, gene modules involved in nitrogen metabolism and lipid synthesis were relatively more common when the respiration quotient was higher. These results suggest that Arctic respiration stoichiometry is linked to shifts in plankton community composition, which may help constrain projections of oxygen demand in a warming ocean.

ONC-Call: A Hands-On Workshop of Emergent Spine Radiation Therapy for Multidisciplinary Trainees - Troy J. Kleber; Jamie S. Baker; Angela R. Langstaff; Rachael M. Martin-Paulpeter; Lori A. Simmons; Jordan McDonald; Rehema J. Thomas; Sabrina N. Campelo; Xavier M. Greaber; Mary M. Steely; Cristofer Zepeda; Yiming M. Zhu; et al. (Journal of Cancer Education, 2026)

Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegeneration - Nikhil N. Chaudhari; Owen M. Vega; Phoebe Imms; Jaron M. Kawamura; Nahian F. Chowdhury; Tamara Jafar; Andrei Irimia; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; et al. (GeroScience, 2026)
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can find aging-related structural alterations above and beyond cortical thickness and atrophy. Using a novel approach to DNN interpretability, we mapped brain aging progression in 25,539 cognitively normal UK Biobank adults aged 45–83 years. Cortical aging is found to involve anatomic features becoming prominent during the 50s within frontolateral, mesolimbic, cuneal, and occipitotemporal regions. From these foci, aging-related features propagate to adjacent areas at rates peaking in the 60s. Cortical thinning and atrophy do not trend closely with neurodegeneration, but important DNN-identifiable anatomic features have spatiotemporal dynamics that match those of amyloid or tau. Our results challenge the assumption that MRI cannot map anatomic features trending with neurodegeneration. Interpretable DNNs can empower MRI to quantify anatomic aging as a process of spatial feature expansion from focal regions into nearby structures in the sequence of neurodegenerative pathology. Traditional morphometrics explain only ∼1% of variance in DNN-identifiable features, which clarifies why the former are insensitive to anatomic changes involving neurodegeneration. Our results conceptualize brain aging in the context of spatial and temporal parallels between anatomic senescence and neuropathology. These findings may help to map cognitively normal adults’ neurodegenerative anatomy even without PET measurements. Graphical Abstract

Agency approach to allocation of human capital and program composition for human-marine mammal interaction management in the United States - Melissa E. Flye; Carly C. Sponarski; Kristina Cammen; Adam Daigneault; Danielle Frechette; Joseph Zydlewski (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2026)
Introduction Marine mammals have served important and diverse roles throughout human history. Once exploited to near extinction, many species in the United States (U.S.) have recovered dramatically under the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA). The U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has jurisdiction to administer the MMPA for cetaceans and most pinnipeds. While most take is now prohibited, NMFS still dedicates significant time and resources to protecting and conserving marine mammals. As human populations continue to grow and exploit marine environments, opportunities for human-marine mammal interactions (HMMI) have increased. Resources may fail to keep up with growing needs for conservation investments, so that many agencies struggle to adequately meet social and legal requirements. Methods This study evaluated NMFS’ approach to addressing HMMI through a mixed-methods (semi-structured interviews, quantitative questionnaire, and facilitated workshops) expert elicitation analysis of resource allocation (i.e., staff time) and priorities of NMFS Science Center (SC) and Regional Office (RO) staff across five geographic regions to understand how employee time is allocated, the degree to which employee time allocation is aligned with self-reported job descriptions, and employee perceptions of actions or investments which would improve their ability to mitigate HMMI. Results and Discussion SC staff reported spending more time on Biological and Administrative tasks , while RO staff allocated more time to Policy, Social science , and Outreach tasks . SC employees spent less time on Biological tasks than specified by their perceived job descriptions, suggesting resource constraints. Participants identified Biological research and monitoring as top priorities, followed by Policy tasks . Identified actions included increasing research capacity, enhancing enforcement, expanding social science expertise, and improving outreach programs. The study reveals mismatches between mandated activities and available resources, suggesting strategic reallocation or increased funding may benefit the agency in effectively addressing growing HMMI challenges.

An exploratory study on the use of near infrared spectroscopy to analyse the addition of different polymers and the concentration of PET to black soldier fly larvae - Adam Kolobaric; Louwrens C. Hoffman; James Chapman; Daniel Cozzolino (Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2026)

Balancing multiple sustainability objectives in feedstock cultivation: a case of Pongamia pinnata in Australia - Valentine Fiot-Mornand; Cathryn O'Sullivan; Anannya Mishra; Warren Flentje; Duy Nong; Adam C. Castonguay (Journal of Environmental Management, 2026)

Zebrafish parental co-exposure to environmentally relevant levels of inorganic arsenic + methylmercury impacts neurobehavior in parents and progeny - Sarah E. Rothenberg; Eric Johnson; Jane LaDu; Lindsey St. Mary; Jay C. Adams; Kate Rice; Brian P. Jackson; Robyn L. Tanguay; Lisa Truong (Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2026)

Extensive titanium isotope fractionation in magmatic and hydrothermal mineral systems - Christopher Emproto; Ryan Mathur; Adam C. Simon; Linda Godfrey; Jeffrey D. Vervoort; Mingguang Sun; Courteney Dhnaram; Vladimir Lisitsin; Martin Reich; Fernando Barra (Chemical Geology, 2026)

The GPR139 agonist TAK-041 produces time-dependent alterations to cerebral blood flow and reward system function in patients with schizophrenia: a randomised placebo-controlled trial - Peter C. T. Hawkins; Adam J. Schwarz; James M. Stone; Fiona Pepper; James Gilleen; Sam Gijsen; Ndabezinhle Mazibuko; Dimitrios Arkilo; Wei Yin; Jingtao Wu; Polyna Khudyakov; Rhett Behrje; et al. (Psychopharmacology, 2026)
The negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia are predictive of quality of life and functional recovery, but there are no approved drug options that target these symptoms directly. TAK-041 (also known as NBI-1065846) is a selective and potent small-molecule agonist of GPR139, an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor, which has been shown to reverse deficits related to negative and cognitive symptoms in animal models. In this proof-of-activity study to evaluate the effects of TAK-041 on motivational anhedonia, 23 adults with schizophrenia experiencing moderate to severe negative symptoms were administered a single 40 mg or 160 mg dose of TAK-041 in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period crossover design. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) assessment of reward function (monetary incentive delay [MID] task) and cerebral blood flow (CBF), as well as cognitive assessment with the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) tool, were performed 3 h post dose and after 14 days. There was no significant effect of TAK-041 compared with placebo on BACS score at either timepoint. There was also no significant effect of TAK-041 on MID fMRI at day 1; however, at day 14, TAK-041 produced an increase in reward anticipatory activity in the ventral striatum compared with placebo. There was a significant decrease in CBF throughout the brain at day 1 that then reversed, resulting in a relative increase at day 14, compared with placebo. At day 14 there was a significant interaction between drug and CBF on reward anticipatory BOLD, indicating that drug-related changes to CBF may partially contribute to the observed BOLD effects (although the main effect of drug on the BOLD signal remained significant after including CBF as a covariate in the model). These data indicate that TAK-041 produces detectable changes in both CBF and reward task related fMRI signal in brain regions linked with symptoms and treatment response in schizophrenia. IND Number: 130074| EudraCT Number: 2017-001084-20| Clincaltrails.gov registry: NCT03319953.

Estimating mercury exposure in amphibians using non-lethal tissue sampling - Caitlin T. Rumrill; Kelly L. Smalling; Colleen Emery; Blake R. Hossack; Brian J. Halstead; Michael J. Adams; Adam R. Backlin; Adrianne B. Brand; Jon M. Davenport; Robert N. Fisher; Jill Fleming; Brad M. Glorioso; et al. (Ecotoxicology, 2026)

SNAPSHOT USA 2024: Year 6 of the Coordinated National Camera Trap Survey of the United States - Brigit Rooney; Roland Kays; Michael V. Cove; Alex Jensen; Daniel J. Herrera; Camilla Price; Phuong‐Thao Nguyen‐Nu; Katrina Adamczyk; Peter D. Alexander; David Allen; Jesse M. Alston; Diego F. Alvarado‐Serrano; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2026)
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multi‐contributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of species interactions on daily activity patterns. Main Types of Variables Contained SNAPSHOT USA 2024 contains 377,427 records of camera trap image sequence data and 3127 records of camera trap deployment metadata. Spatial Location and Grain Data were collected across the United States of America in 49 states, 12 ecoregions and many ecosystems. Time Period and Grain Data were collected between 1 August and 19 December in 2024. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement The dataset includes a wide range of taxa but is primarily focused on medium to large mammals. Software Format SNAPSHOT USA 2024 comprises two .csv files. The original data can be found within the SNAPSHOT USA 2024 project on the Wildlife Insights platform.

Informing spatial conservation prioritization with species’ traits - Liam A. Trethowan; Laura Jennings; Haerul Arifin; Renata Borosova; Gemma L. C. Bramley; Marie Briggs; Osanna Chu; Ruth P. Clark; Sally Dawson; Kiran L. Dhanjal‐Adams; Yance de Freitas; James Hartup; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2026)
New Guinea, the most botanically diverse island on the planet, is the location for one of the boldest conservation initiatives. The Manokwari Declaration aims to achieve 70% conservation designation for the Bird's Head Peninsula. This is 40% higher than the 2022 Global Biodiversity Framework target. However, there is a lack of species occurrence data to support evidence of where biodiversity can be best protected. To address this, we integrated plant trait data from taxonomic descriptions in species occurrence models that can inform conservation planning. Inclusion of traits improved the performance of co‐occurrence models of ∼800 plant species across the 100,000‐km 2 landscape. Traits generally improved model performance, but not all traits contributed equally (e.g., leaf size and red flower color most improved accuracy of occurrence prediction). Likewise, trait‐parameterized models tended to be most useful with rare species occurrence prediction, but this was inconsistent among traits. Under 70% protection, three‐quarters of the areas selected conserved trait diversity. Critically, trait diversity also increased the chances that areas at high risk of deforestation were selected as conservation priorities. Overall, we found that plant species’ traits, often key parameters of ecosystem function and resilience, improved spatial conservation planning.

Astaxanthin, meclizine, mitoglitazone, pioglitazone, alpha-ketoglutarate, mifepristone, methotrexate, and atorvastatin-telmisartan do not increase lifespan in UM-HET3 mice - Ron Korstanje; Randy Strong; Adam B. Salmon; Molly A. Bogue; Sean P. Curran; Vivian Diaz; Elizabeth Fernandez; Brett Ginsburg; Melissa Han; David E. Harrison; Catherine Kaczorowski; Matt Kaeberlein; et al. (GeroScience, 2026)

Confidently Uncertain: Validating Satellite ECV Measurement Uncertainty Estimates - Tijl Verhoelst; Adam C. Povey; Alexander Gruber; Claire E. Bulgin; Arno Keppens; Steven Compernolle; Jean-Christopher Lambert (Surveys in Geophysics, 2026)

Forest residue removal undermines soil health and micronutrient transfer to trees, compromising sustainable productivity of Eucalyptus plantations - Antonio L. Florentino; Nariane de Andrade; Nikolas S. Mateus; Bruna E. Schiebelbein; Adam C. Rodrigues; Liamara S. Masullo; Alexandre V. Ferraz; Eduardo Mariano; Fernando D. Andreote; Carlos E.P. Cerri; Maurício R. Cherubin; Timothy R. Filley; et al. (Soil and Tillage Research, 2026)

Urinary cotinine cut-offs for tobacco smoke exposure in pregnancy and associations with child intelligence quotient: A multi-cohort analysis - Yu Ni; Logan C. Dearborn; Adam A. Szpiro; Christine T. Loftus; Qi Zhao; Nicole R. Bush; Kaja Z. LeWinn; Marnie F. Hazlehurst; Thomas F. Northrup; Penelope J.E. Quintana; Eunha Hoh; Georg Matt; et al. (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2026)

The two-dimensional structure of circumplanetary disks and their radiative signatures - Aster G. Taylor; Fred C. Adams; Nuria Calvet (Icarus, 2026)

Province-scale tin and zinc stable isotope fractionation trends in the Bolivian tin belt - Evan C. Hirsh; Adam C. Simon; Ryan Mathur; Wayne Powell; Peter Megaw; Dan Asael (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2026)

Experimental investigation of the effect of flow field design on the performance of a high-temperature PEM fuel cell - Prantik Roy Chowdhury; Adam C. Gladen (Fuel, 2026)

Pre- and postnatal exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 and blood pressure in children: Results from the ECHO Cohort - Yu Ni; Andrew Law; Xingyu Gao; Adam A. Szpiro; Christine T. Loftus; Miranda Jones; Logan C. Dearborn; Marnie F. Hazlehurst; Allison R. Sherris; Sindana Ilango; Kaja Z. LeWinn; Nicole R. Bush; et al. (Environmental Research, 2026)

Performance evaluation and methods comparison of transcriptomic-based approaches for the characterization of wastewater treatment effluent - Adam D. Biales; Morgan S. Hu; David C. Bencic; Mary Jean See; Susan T. Glassmeyer; Edward T. Furlong; Julia M. Stelman; Weichun Huang; Dana W. Kolpin; Marc A. Mills; Laura D. Brunelle; Angela L. Batt; et al. (Environmental Pollution, 2026)

Diversification and Evolutionary Dynamics in Tropical Montane Regions - Jhan C. Salazar; Adam C. Algar; Steven Poe; Jonathan B. Losos; Julián A. Velasco (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2026)
Aim The evolution of montane species provides critical insights into the drivers of adaptation and diversification. Topographic complexity, a defining feature of many mountainous landscapes, promotes ecological and geographic isolation, often accelerating speciation rates. However, the extent to which topographic complexity directly shapes diversification remains unresolved. Here, we investigate the evolutionary dynamics of Anolis lizards across Neotropical mountain ranges to test two hypotheses: (1) higher elevation environments promote higher speciation rates in species that inhabit them; and (2) greater topographic complexity and climatic stability (i.e., lower past climatic‐change velocity) positively influence speciation rates. Location The Americas. Time Period Present. Major Taxa Studied Anolis lizards. Methods We gathered topographic complexity and past climatic‐change velocity data for 303 anole species and performed phylogenetic analyses to assess how speciation rates change across mountain ranges in the Americas. Results We found that topographic complexity and past climatic‐change velocity do not significantly influence speciation rates, diverging from prior studies that link rugged landscapes or past climatic‐change velocity to high diversification rates. Main Conclusions Our findings challenge assumptions about the direct role of topographic complexity in speciation, highlighting the need to consider multifaceted ecological and biogeographical factors driving evolutionary processes. By disentangling the relative contributions of climatic stability (i.e., lower past climatic‐change velocity) and topographic heterogeneity, this study highlights the complex dynamics shaping biodiversity in tropical mountains and calls for further integrative approaches to understand species diversification in the face of climatic and geological change.

Local and Landscape‐Level Environmental Conditions Drive Habitat Selection Across Terrestrial Mammal Species - Björn H. Franke; Aafke M. Schipper; Tal Avgar; Luca Börger; Nilanjan Chatterjee; Thomas Müller; Brian J. Smith; Briana Abrahms; Abdullahi H. Ali; Nina Attias; Hattie L. A. Bartlam‐Brooks; Floris M. van Beest; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2026)
Aim Animal movements are a fundamental process affecting communities and ecosystems. Quantifying habitat selection across species and habitats is key for understanding how animals respond to environmental change. Currently, we lack comparative studies that examine how habitat selection varies across species traits and landscapes. We aim to quantify global patterns of habitat selection to help understand the fundamental drivers of movement behaviour. Location Global. Time Period Contemporary. Major Taxa Studied Terrestrial mammals. Methods We estimated selection coefficients for terrain ruggedness, vegetation productivity, human population density and distance to roads of individual terrestrial mammals through step‐selection analysis of 1344 GPS tracks across 48 species. We quantified intra‐ and interspecific variation and tested whether selection coefficients were associated with species traits and habitat availability. Results We observe an overall avoidance of roads and areas of high human population density as well as rugged terrain, with a large proportion of individuals selecting for areas of intermediate NDVI. However, we also found large intraspecific variation in habitat selection and show that this variation is predicted by local and landscape‐level environmental conditions rather than species traits. Individuals in more remote areas exhibited weaker functional responses to human presence than those in more disturbed areas. Avoidance of rugged terrain is also context‐dependent, with stronger avoidance when local ruggedness is high. The only exception to the observed intraspecific variability is consistent species‐level responses to road proximity. Main Conclusions Our findings contribute to the understanding of habitat selection by terrestrial mammals, showing that selection is largely shaped by environmental conditions and that animals exhibit high plasticity in their responses. Our results also provide further evidence for the significant impact of roads on animal movement. These insights can help us to understand the potential effects of environmental change on the behaviour of mammal species around the world.

Unprecedented Burning in Tropical Peatlands During the 20th Century Compared to the Previous Two Millennia - Yuwan Wang; Ted R. Feldpausch; Graeme T. Swindles; Patrick Moss; Hamish A. McGowan; Thomas G. Sim; Paul J. Morris; Adam Benfield; Colin Courtney‐Mustaphi; David Wahl; Encarni Montoya; Esther Githumbi; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2026)
Tropical peatland wildfire incidence has risen in recent decades, driven by drainage for land use and intensified by severe droughts with global climate change. These disturbances have altered vegetation structure, disrupted ecosystem functioning, and increased carbon emissions, particularly in Southeast Asia. However, the long‐term history and characteristics of wildfires in tropical peatlands remain largely unknown. Here, we compiled fifty‐eight macro‐charcoal records from peatlands across the tropics, ranging from lowland forested to montane peatlands, to assess millennia‐scale changes and controlling factors of tropical peatland burning. We divided the datasets into four main sub‐regions: Neotropical, Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian ecoregions to explore regional variability. Tropical peatlands had high burning levels between 0 and 850 ce , followed by a relatively low and stable period until a marked increase during the 20th century. The general trend in tropical peatland burning follows changes in global temperature, and climate variables that control the length and severity of drought events have a notable influence on peat burning before 1900 ce . During the 20th century, regional differences were observed, with declining fire trends in the Neotropical and Afrotropical regions and increasing fire trends in the Indomalayan and Australasian regions. This difference is likely attributable to human activities, and such intervention is also evident in palm swamps and hardwood swamps under similar wet, weakly seasonal climates. With the increase in anthropogenic pressures on peatlands and greater climate variability, future wildfires in peatlands are likely to become more frequent and widespread across all tropical ecoregions. Conservation and sustainable land‐use practices could be used to mitigate and control peatland burning and protect these carbon‐rich sinks.

Who needs closure? Estimating abundance with a Markovian availability model for geographically open removal sampling - Russell W. Perry; Adam C. Pope; A. Noble Hendrix; Joseph E. Kirsch; Bryan G. Matthias; Michael J. Dodrill (Ecology, 2026)
Removal sampling is an important method for estimating abundance, but nearly all removal models assume closure during sampling. Yet, closure may be difficult to assume, evaluate, or enforce in many settings. To address situations where populations are geographically open between each removal sample, we incorporated a Markovian availability process into an N‐mixture model framework. This model relates local abundance available for sampling to a superpopulation through recruitment of new individuals to the sampling area. To test the model, we (1) conducted parameter identifiability analysis, (2) fit the model to removal data generated from a random walk movement model, and (3) analyzed a case study of empirical removal data. Parameters were increasingly identifiable as capture probability exceeded 0.25 and removal samples increased from 3 to 6. Abundance estimates were unbiased when parameters were identifiable, except for scenarios that simulated a behavioral response to sampling. For our case study, the model estimated negligible recruitment for benthic‐oriented fishes, indicating closure, but we found evidence against closure for juvenile Chinook salmon, a highly mobile species. Our removal model allows researchers to formally test closure assumptions, to estimate the degree of closure, and to estimate abundance without bias when closure is violated.

A Proposed Novel Neurovascular Mechanism for Brain Network Dysfunction After Traumatic Injury - Taotao Wu; Jared A. Rifkin; Adam C. Rayfield; Keith A. Kroma-Wiley; Dani S. Bassett; David F. Meaney (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2026)
Current research in predicting traumatic brain injury risk focuses on the relationship between head impacts and the likelihood of white matter damage, often overlooking the role of neurovascular coupling in the injury response. To fill this gap, we combined biomechanical and neurodynamic principles to simulate alterations to large-scale resting-state brain activity following head impacts. We simulated cortical neural activity with a network of Kuramoto phase oscillators, using structural connectivity to define coupling and a vascular-informed local resource term to capture neurovascular coupling. By combining the neurodynamic model with a brain mechanics model, we investigated two mechanistic pathways of network dysfunction: (1) white matter damage, reflected in degrading network edges, and (2) local tissue oxygenation decline, reflected in adjusting the resource term at each network node. We simulated 53 real-world head impacts using a vasculature template to evaluate the changes in simulated functional connectivity (FC) and neural dynamics relative to injury outcomes (concussion vs. no concussion). To assess vascular variability, simulations were repeated across 41 individual vasculature maps. Our results show simulated FC changes (measured by Pearson’s correlation) consistently correlated well with injury outcomes, regardless of injury mechanism (AUC = 0.89 and 0.90), However, the two injury models yielded distinct FC patterns as indicated by graph metrics. Vascular variability substantially influenced how injury affected FC, with some brains exhibiting resilience to synchrony disruption depending on their vascular structure. These findings offer testable insight into the neurovascular mechanism of brain dysfunction after TBI and have important implications for individualized protection and treatment.

Sex and APOE genotype specific brain regional vulnerability to Alzheimer's Disease - Qi Zeng; Minghui Wang; Erming Wang; Xianxiao Zhou; Peng Xu; Vahram Haroutunian; Dongming Cai; Bin Zhang; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; et al. (GeroScience, 2026)
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), and regional vulnerability was assessed with a composite vulnerability score (CVS) derived from associations between diffusion features and AD severity across clinical traits in each of the four sex-APOE groups (female or male, with or without APOE4). Brain parcellation with the Eve atlas revealed regions consistently affected across sex-APOE groups (e.g., parahippocampal and superior temporal gyri) and regions specific to individual groups (e.g., the cingulum in females with APOE4 and the middle frontal gyrus in males without APOE4). Gene co-expression network analysis of the matched blood expression data identified gene subnetworks linked to group-specific regional vulnerability, including a muscle tissue morphogenesis module regulated by NEURL1B and HIST1H2BN associated with middle frontal gyrus vulnerability. These findings demonstrate that sex and APOE genotype jointly shape region-specific WM vulnerability and its molecular signatures in AD. Understanding these interactions provides novel mechanistic insights and may inform precision approaches to drug development, biomarker discovery, and clinical trial design for AD.

Infection timelines and co-infection effects of Israeli acute paralysis virus and deformed wing virus in the honey bee (Apis mellifera) - Vincent Prayugo; Alexandria N. Payne; Bryony C. Bonning; Adam G. Dolezal (Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2026)

Social, economic, and policy aspects of cross-laminated timber: A review of emerging literature and future research needs - Alexander Bremner; Neelam C. Poudyal; Prakash Nepal; Consuelo Brandeis; Adam Taylor; Richard Bergman (Forest Policy and Economics, 2026)

Identifying Headwater Streams across the Conterminous United States - Charles R. Lane; Ellen D’Amico; Jay R. Christensen; Heather E. Golden; Frederick Y. Cheng; John C. Hammond; Admin Husic; Kristin L. Jaeger; C. Nathan Jones; Christa A. Kelleher; Li Li; D. Tyler Mahoney; et al. (Ecosystems, 2026)

Wood Carbon Fractions Influence Deadwood Carbon Stock Estimates - Mahendra Doraisami; Adam Gorgolewski; Sean C. Thomas; Adam R. Martin (Ecosystems, 2026)

Inshore marine coastal zone migration patterns in Atlantic salmon post‐smolts emigrating from eight rivers in north‐east Scotland - Colin E. Adams; Ruaidhri Forrester; Matthew Newton; Angus J. Lothian; Hannele M. Honkanen; Davide Thambithurai; Lorna Wilkie; Melanie A. Smith; Marcus Walters; Richard Miller; Karen Muller; Brian Shaw; et al. (Journal of Fish Biology, 2026)
Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar , migrate through multiple habitat types, each having the potential to impact differently upon migration success. The inshore marine coastal zone is arguably disproportionately impacted by potential stressors on populations. We investigated the migration of Atlantic salmon post‐smolts ( n = 898) from eight rivers (populations) through the inshore marine coastal zone over a 2‐year period using acoustic telemetry. Migration success through marine inlets where fish first entered seawater, and through the wider inshore marine coastal area (the Moray Firth, north‐east Scotland) was consistently high across populations and across years (mean = 77%). There was no evidence of the high inshore marine predation rates reported elsewhere. Post‐smolts utilised well‐defined inshore marine migration pathways that were broadly consistent among populations and over time. The pace of migration through the inshore marine coastal habitat was also consistently rapid across populations and time, with the period of migration being seasonally constrained (mean across population = 36.5; range 18–45 days). Taken together with existing literature, this study suggests that the patterns of migration of Atlantic salmon post‐smolts through the inshore marine coastal zone are likely highly environment specific.

Genomics Reveals Extensive Population Structure and Undescribed Phylogenetic Relationships in the Cascade Torrent Salamander ( Rhyacotriton cascadae ) - Christopher D. Cousins; Deanna H. Olson; Lindsay S. Millward; Michael J. Adams; Christopher A. Pearl; Jennifer C. Rowe; Tiffany S. Garcia (Journal of Biogeography, 2026)
Aim Aims of the study are to examine patterns of range‐wide genetic differentiation and population structure in a headwater obligate salamander living in a geologically rich region, to identify genetically distinct populations and areas of gene flow between them. Location Oregon and Washington in the Pacific Northwest, United States of America. Time Period Tissue samples were collected in 2022 and 2023. Major Taxa Studied The Cascade torrent salamander Rhyacotriton cascadae . Methods Utilisation of a genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) dataset from across the species range to conduct a principal components analysis (PCA), Bayesian model of population structure, co‐ancestry matrix, phylogenetic tree and estimate genetic diversity. Results There are extensive levels of population structure within R. cascadae , including a previously unknown and highly differentiated clade. Structure is characterised by an island‐like pattern wherein the species is comprised of six populations that function as independent demographic units, with gene flow largely constrained within populations. Main Conclusions Our findings reveal cryptic population structure within R. cascadae , identifying six distinct populations across the range. The northernmost population in the northwest of the species range in Washington is surprisingly highly divergent from the other five populations, and the divergence was not previously known to science. While major rivers act as phylogeographic boundaries between some populations, these boundaries appear to not always be complete.

Beyond Climate Change: The Role of Integrated Soil Fertility Management for Sustaining Future Maize Yield in Sub‐Saharan Africa - Antoine Couëdel; Gatien N. Falconnier; Myriam Adam; Rémi Cardinael; Johan Six; Moritz Laub; Alex C. Ruane; Kenneth Boote; Eric Justes; Ward N. Smith; Anthony M. Whitbread; François Affholder; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2026)
Climate change is projected to exacerbate food insecurity in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) by reducing crop yields and soil fertility. Many climate change impact studies in SSA have overlooked long‐term effects of soil fertility on crop yield. We evaluated maize yields under different scenarios of soil fertility (using soil organic carbon as a proxy) and climate change (considering changes in temperature, rainfall, and CO 2 ) at four sites in SSA. Using an ensemble of 15 calibrated soil‐crop models, we found a strong consensus that, without fertilization, soil fertility declines over time, impacting maize yields more strongly than changes in temperature, rainfall, or CO 2 . The model ensemble indicated that when accounting for soil fertility changes, the yield benefits of combined application of organic and mineral inputs increase over time, even under climate change. These findings highlight the importance of considering long‐term change in soil fertility when assessing impacts of climate change and integrated nutrient management on crop production in SSA.

Climate Change Challenges Grey Wolf Resilience: Insights From Dental Microwear - Amanda A. Burtt; Neil F. Adams; Sabina Nowak; Robert W. Mysłajek; Michal Figura; Mark A. Purnell; Angela L. Lamb; Danielle C. Schreve (Ecology Letters, 2026)
The grey wolf exemplifies ecological resilience, having survived major climatic fluctuations since the Middle Pleistocene. Once the world's most widely distributed mammal, its range has been drastically reduced by human‐driven habitat loss, persecution and competition for resources. Although listed as of Least Concern globally by the IUCN, the omission of climate change as a threat raises critical questions about its future persistence. This study examines dietary flexibility in European grey wolves ( Canis lupus ) using dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA). We compare British Pleistocene wolves from the Last Interglacial (MIS 5e) and the penultimate interglacial (MIS 7a–c) and contemporary wolves from Poland. Results suggest that during periods of elevated global temperatures, wolves exhibit evidence of increased durophagy. These data demonstrate deep‐time dietary plasticity and recurrent behavioural shifts, indicating that while the grey wolf is resilient, future warming winters may significantly reshape wolf diets in the mid‐latitude ecosystems.

Vulnerability of marine megafauna to global at‐sea anthropogenic threats - Michelle VanCompernolle; Juliet Morris; Hannah J. Calich; Jorge P. Rodríguez; Sarah A. Marley; Jessica R. Pearce; Briana Abrahms; Katya Abrantes; André S. Afonso; Alex Aguilar; Andrews Agyekumhene; Tomonari Akamatsu; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2026)
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threats. The threats we considered included individual fishing gear types, climate‐change‐related subthreats not previously assessed, and threats associated with coastal impacts and maritime disturbances. Our ratings resulted in 70 species having high vulnerability ( v > 0.778 out of 1) to at least 1 threat, primarily drifting longlines, temperature extremes, or fixed gear. These 3 threats were also considered to have the most severe effects (i.e., steepest population declines). Overall, temperature extremes and plastics and other solid waste were rated as affecting the largest proportion of populations. Penguins, pinnipeds, and polar bears had the highest vulnerability to temperature extremes. Bony fishes had the highest vulnerability to drifting longlines and plastics and other solid waste; pelagic cetaceans to 4 maritime disturbance threats; elasmobranchs to 5 fishing threats; and flying birds to drifting longlines and 2 maritime disturbance threats. Sirenians and turtles had the highest vulnerability to at least one threat from all 4 categories. Despite not necessarily having severe effects for most taxonomic groups, temperature extremes were rated among the top threats for all taxa except bony fishes. The vulnerability scores we provide are an important first step in estimating the risk of threats to marine megafauna. Importantly, they help differentiate scope from severity, which is key to identifying threats that should be prioritized for mitigation.

Microplastic entrainment in surface river algae: a pilot study investigating microplastic concentration during river algae removal - Shaun A. Forrest; Darryl McMahon; William A. Adams; Jesse C. Vermaire (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2026)

A Unified Framework for Trend Uncertainty Assessment in Climate Data Records: Demonstration on Global Mean Sea Level - Kevin Gobron; Roland Hohensinn; Xavier Loizeau; Claire E. Bulgin; Christopher J. Merchant; Emma R. Woolliams; Maurice G. Cox; Wouter Dorigo; Thomas Howard; Mary Langsdale; Adam C. Povey; Michaël Ablain; et al. (Surveys in Geophysics, 2026)

Nitrogen enrichment determines coral mortality during a marine heatwave - Kelly E. Speare; Deron E. Burkepile; Thomas C. Adam; Hunter S. Lenihan; Erin M. Winslow; Russell J. Schmitt; Sally J. Holbrook; Mary K. Donovan (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2026)

Assessing threats and rehabilitation opportunities for mangrove-saltmarsh blue carbon ecosystems - Adam D. Canning; Norman C. Duke (Ocean & Coastal Management, 2026)

Pollen transport to deep-marine environments: Considerations for reconstructing past vegetation from marine sediment cores - Laura S. McDonald; Lorna J. Strachan; Katherine Holt; Adam D. McArthur; Anthony E. Shorrock; Martin P. Crundwell; Katharina Pank; Madison Clarke; Adam Woodhouse; Davide Gamboa; Jenni L. Hopkins; Matt S. McGlone; et al. (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2026)

Organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) is a mechanism for uptake of mercuric-cyanide complexes into proximal tubular cells - Ryan Brownlee; Maria E.A. Galiciolli; Lucy Joshee; Adam M. Kiefer; Caryn S. Seney; Christy C. Bridges (Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2026)

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage - Lyu Zhou; Sankeerthana Manchikatla; Diwash Dhakal; Madeline Van Winkle; Michael Adams; Ju won Lim; Malitha C. Dickwella Widanage; Roma Avhad; Katherine Jungjohann; John S. Mangum; Akanksha K. Menon; Shannon Yee; et al. (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2026)

Bias corrections for species- and source-resolved PM2.5 chemical transport model simulations using a geographically weighted regression - Ksakousti Skyllakou; Carlos S. Hernandez; Pablo Garcia Rivera; Brian Dinkelacker; Julian D. Marshall; C. Arden Pope; Allen L. Robinson; Spyros N. Pandis; Peter J. Adams (Atmospheric Environment, 2026)

Open-Coast Eelgrass (Zostera marina) Transplant Catalyzes Rapid Mirroring of Structure and Function of Extant Eelgrasses - Rilee D. Sanders; Adam K. Obaza; David W. Ginsburg; Olivia C. Carmack; Benjamin C. Grime; Heather Burdick; Tom K. Ford; James J. Leichter (Estuaries and Coasts, 2026)
Seagrasses are marine angiosperms that function as ecosystem engineers, forming complex structure that enhance nearshore environments. Globally, seagrass habitats are threatened by intensifying impacts from climate change, which exacerbate non-climatic stressors such as coastal development, invasive species, and overfishing. Advances in the methodological efficacy of active seagrass restoration efforts have sought to mitigate substantial anthropogenic-induced losses. Restoration efforts along the U.S. West Coast have primarily focused on Zostera marina (common eelgrass) in shallow, sheltered estuarine environments, where most coastal development occurs. However, within the Southern California Bight, Zostera spp. also occurs along the exposed coastlines of the California Channel Islands archipelago. Despite their unique location and the ecosystem services they provide, a paucity of information persists on open-coast seagrass systems and restoration efforts. In this study, we conducted a novel transplant of Z. marina on Catalina Island and tracked temporal and spatial performance metrics (i.e., areal coverage, morphometrics, and fish assemblages) at the restoration site and seven extant Z. marina reference beds on the island from 2021 to 2024. The transplant activities successfully established over 0.18 hectares of Z. marina habitat. The transplant site paralleled or exceeded extant reference beds morphometrically (shoot density and blade length) and functionally (fish composition and fish diversity), while concomitantly providing habitat for the occupancy of, and utilization by, federally listed endangered and managed species. Our results provide a model for broadening the scope of, and augmenting strategies for, seagrass habitat recovery beyond conventional restoration spaces by underscoring the role of open-coast seagrasses in enhancing nearshore ecosystem function and resilience.

Pannexins in the heart: cell-specific expression and contributions to disease - Mark C. Renton; Meghan W. Sedovy; Amanda Reynolds; Adam Hoch; Kailynn Roberts; Renée Sarmiento; Caroline Toler; Scott R. Johnstone (Cell and Tissue Research, 2026)
Heart disease is the leading cause of death globally. Although modern interventions have dramatically reduced the morbidity and mortality of heart disease, the lack of knowledge of key underlying mechanisms has limited the development of effective therapeutics. Pannexins encompass a group of three transmembrane channel-forming proteins best known for their role in purinergic signaling through the release of ATP. Pannexins, particularly pannexin 1 (Panx1), are expressed in multiple cell types throughout the heart and play a role in blood vessel regulation, immune cell recruitment and activation, and the response to ischemic injury. In this review, we analyze publicly available sequencing data to investigate the expression of pannexin proteins in human and mouse hearts at both tissue and single-cell levels. We provide a detailed review of the literature surrounding cardiac pannexin function in the context of both ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease. We then discuss the clinical use of drugs now known to target pannexin channels as a primer for the therapeutic potential of pannexins in cardiac dysfunction. Finally, we discuss the largest gaps in the current literature to guide future research.

Detection of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis DNA in wild deer in Scotland - Paul M. Bartley; Clare M. Hamilton; Jackie Thomson; Ross Bacchetti; Mairi C. Mitchell; Tom N. McNeilly; Renata Pimentel Bandeira de Melo; Adam D. Hayward; Frank Katzer; Beth Wells (Veterinary Parasitology, 2025)

Geochronological and geochemical insights into episyenite metasomatic overprint in the Proterozoic Suomenniemi rapakivi granite complex (Finland) - Adam Abersteiner; O. Tapani Rämö; Alkis Kontonikas-Charos; Melissa Kharkongor; Nikolaos Karampelas; Sarah E. Gilbert; Ben Wade; Karolina Ambroziak-Murzyn; Jarred C. Lloyd; Christoph Beier; Stijn Glorie (Lithos, 2025)

Incorporating relative humidity in precipitation phase partitioning reduces model bias for some snow and streamflow metrics across the Northwest US - Bhupinderjeet Singh; Mingliang Liu; John T. Abatzoglou; Jennifer C. Adam; Kirti Rajagopalan (Journal of Hydrology, 2025)

Valuing the Upper Floridan Aquifer: Exploring public preferences for ecosystem service values and problem framing to support aquifer conservation - Kotryna Klizentyte; John Lai; Sadie Hundemer; Andres Susaeta; Damian C. Adams (Journal of Environmental Management, 2025)

The effects of cadmium and high fructose diet on metabolic and reproductive health in female CD-1 mice - Victoria R. Adams; Janice A. Dye; Micheal G. Narotsky; Makala L. Moore; Helen H. Nguyen; Aubrey L. Sasser; Kaberi P. Das; Lillian F. Strader; Joseph P. Pancras; Donna Hill; Chloe Davis; Wanda C. Williams; et al. (Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2025)

The role of lipid metabolism and peroxisome proliferator activation in mediating pro-cancer phenotypes of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances in testicular cancer - Raya I. Boyd; Doha Shokry; Brayden C. Rennels; Younan Adam; Christine Powell; Samantha Johnson; Michael J. Spinella; Ratnakar Singh (Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2025)

Safe vitrification of ovarian tissue samples in sealed cryobags - Binnur Eroglu; Lawrence C. Layman; James D. Benson; Adam Z. Higgins; Ali Eroglu (Cryobiology, 2025)

Environmental identities of college students reveal potential conflicts and common ground for wildlife conservation - Richard Von Furstenberg; Lincoln R. Larson; M. Nils Peterson; Kangjae Jerry Lee; Victoria R. Vayer; kathryn stevenson; Stacy A.C. Nelson; Jeremy Bruskotter; Adam A. Ahlers; Christine Anhalt-Depies; Taniya Bethke; Chris Chizinski; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2025)

Bridging the Gap: Enhancing Prostate Cancer Survivorship and Advocacy Among Ethnically Diverse Black Men Through Community Town Halls - Motolani E. Ogunsanya; Ernest Kaninjing; Sara M. DeForge; Daniel J. Morton; Perry Cole; Patrick Beckford; Donald Reese; Thomas Mitchell; Everett Montgomery; Roland Odeleye; Erick Y. Miró-Rivera; Kaitlin Roberts; et al. (Journal of Cancer Education, 2025)
We present findings from town hall meetings held with ethnically diverse Black prostate cancer (CaP) survivors in 2022 and 2023. Four town halls (total participants, N = 265) focused on diagnosis, treatment, psychosocial support, and overall survivorship. Moderated by a long-term CaP survivor, each session featured a panel that included medical providers (urologic oncologists and clinical psychologists), as well as CaP survivors of American, Caribbean, and African origin and their spouses. Surveys captured demographic data, clinical information, CaP-specific details (for survivors only), and perceptions of the town halls. The meetings highlighted three interrelated themesinfluencing decision-making: access to comprehensive information, the strength of support networks, and the availability of culturally competent care. These town halls revealed important educational and support opportunities for ethnically diverse Black men with CaP, promoting informed decision-making throughout the cancer journey and improving quality of life while reducing decisional regret during survivorship.

Differential changes in the taxonomic and functional composition of herbivorous fishes from shallow to mesophotic coral ecosystems at the Coral Sea Marine Park, Australia - Timothy Joseph R. Quimpo; Gemma F. Galbraith; Benjamin J. Cresswell; Patrick C. Cabaitan; Adam Barnett; Andrew S. Hoey (Coral Reefs, 2025)
Mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs: 30–150 m) are characterized by environmental conditions and biological assemblages that are distinct from those of shallow reefs (< 30 m). Several studies have described changes in species richness, abundance and composition of reef fish assemblages, from shallow reefs to MCEs; however, few have considered how different functional groups change over the same gradient. Here, remotely operated vehicle (ROV) surveys were used to examine how depth (2–98 m) and slope orientation influence the abundance, biomass, richness and composition of all herbivorous fishes, and the abundance and biomass of five functional groups of herbivorous fishes (scrapers, excavators, algal croppers, browsers and detritivores) on oceanic reefs of the Coral Sea Marine Park, Australia. While the abundance, biomass and species richness of herbivorous fishes generally declined with depth, the rate of decline varied among groups. The rate of decline in abundance of excavating (7.0% m −1 ) and detritivorous (7.4% m −1 ) fishes was nearly double that of croppers (4.2% m −1 ) and scrapers (3.9% m −1 ), while rates of decline in biomass of detritivores (3.5% m −1 ) was ~ 50% higher than croppers (2.4% m −1 ). Further, gentle to moderate slope orientations (6–45°) generally supported higher richness, abundance and biomass of herbivorous fishes than both flatter (< 5°) and steeper (> 81°) orientations. These results show that the response of herbivorous fishes to depth is not homogenous and varies among functional groups, and may be related to changes in resource availability, slope orientation and predation from shallow reefs to MCEs.

A quasi-differential measurement of neutron scattering from tantalum between 0.65 MeV and 20 MeV - Gregory J. Siemers; Yaron Danon; Sukhjinder Singh; Katelyn C. Keparutis; Peter J. Brain; Benjamin H. Wang; Adam M. Daskalakis; Devin P. Barry; Michael J. Rapp; Robert C. Block (Annals of Nuclear Energy, 2025)

Twice daily feeding of two phytogenic dietary additives; their individual and combined effects on methane production, dry matter intake, milk production and composition in dairy cows - C. Adam; I. Dando; M.J. Berkhout; A.S. ó Neachtain; C.K.M. Ho; J.L. Jacobs; K. Giri; S.R.O. Williams; L.C. Marett (Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2025)

Comprehensive quantification of production costs for large-scale kelp aquaculture and cost reduction opportunities - Zachary Moscicki; Adam T. St. Gelais; Struan Coleman; Alexander Kinley; Tobias Dewhurst; Scott Lindell; David W. Fredriksson; Damian C. Brady (Algal Research, 2025)

Terrigenous inputs link nutrient dynamics to microbial communities in a tropical lagoon - Christian John; Nyssa J. Silbiger; Thomas C. Adam; Danielle M. Barnas; Kalia S. Bistolas; Robert C. Carpenter; Noe Castañeda; Megan J. Donahue; Mary K. Donovan; Lauren N. Enright; Hannah E. Epstein; Jordan P. Gallagher; et al. (Limnology and Oceanography, 2025)
Nutrient availability drives community structure and ecosystem processes, especially in tropical lagoons that are typically oligotrophic but often receive allochthonous inputs from land. Terrestrially derived nutrients are introduced to tropical lagoons by surface runoff and submarine groundwater discharge, which are influenced by seasonal precipitation. However, terrigenous inputs presumably diminish along the onshore–offshore gradients within lagoons. We characterized nutrient availability in the lagoons of a tropical high island, Moorea, French Polynesia, using spatially distributed measurements of nitrogen content in the tissues of a widespread macroalga during the rainy season over 4 yr. We used synoptic water column sampling to identify associations among macroalgal nutrient content and the composition of inorganic macronutrients, dissolved organic matter, and microbial communities. We paired these data with quantifications of land use in nearby watersheds to uncover links between terrestrial factors, aquatic chemistry, and microbial communities. Algal N content was highest near shore and near large, human‐impacted watersheds, and lower at offshore sites. Sites with high algal N had water columns with high nitrite + nitrate, silicate, and increased humic organic matter (based on a fluorescence Humification Index), especially following rain. Microbial communities were differentiated among nearshore habitats and covaried with algal N and water chemistry, supporting the hypothesis that terrigenous nutrient enrichment shapes microbial dynamics in otherwise oligotrophic tropical lagoons. This study reveals that land–sea connections create nutrient subsidies that are important for lagoon biogeochemistry and microbiology, indicating that future changes in land use or precipitation will modify ecosystem processes in tropical lagoons.

Longest documented coastal migrations of shortnose sturgeon - Joseph D. Nolan; William C. Post; Ellen Waldrop; Joseph J. Facendola; Michael S. Loeffler; William Collier; Evan C. Ingram; Martin J. Hamel; Adam G. Fox (Journal of Fish Biology, 2025)
The shortnose sturgeon (SNS; Acipenser brevirostrum ) is a United States federally endangered diadromous species. Although SNS spend much of their time in riverine habitat, inter‐river migrations have been documented in northern populations. However, the inter‐river migratory behaviour and distance capabilities of southern SNS are poorly understood. In this communication, we describe two SNS that migrated approximately 425 km across the coast, far exceeding the previously reported maximum coastal migration distance for the species. These observations offer critical updates for species descriptions and management regarding the coastal migration ability of SNS.

Assessing recovery and conservation of Australian freshwater fishes with the IUCN Green Status of Species and structured expert elicitation - Maiko L. Lutz; David G. Chapple; Molly K. Grace; Luciano B. Beheregaray; Chris J. Brauer; Iain Ellis; Adam Kerezsy; John D. Koehn; Mark Lintermans; Jarod P. Lyon; Matthew McLellan; Luke Pearce; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2025)
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Green Status of Species (GSS), introduced in 2021, is a global standard of measurement used to assess the level to which a species has recovered (i.e., is viable and providing its ecological function across its entire range). It is also used to evaluate how a species has responded to past conservation actions and the expected conservation gains and recovery potential it would receive in the short‐ and long‐term future. Preliminary application of the GSS method has relied on expert knowledge from individuals or small groups of specialists. However, more accurate and reliable results are likely to be produced by formally eliciting individual judgments from a diverse range of experts, followed by discussion, reevaluation, and synthesis of these judgments. We developed a method in which 2 structured expert elicitation workshops are used to conduct GSS assessments and applied this method to 8 Australian freshwater fish species from the Murray–Darling Basin. We integrated the investigate, discuss, evaluate, aggregate protocol into the GSS methods; experts assessed the species’ IUCN Green Score (percent recovery) in the current state and for 5 other scenarios in the past and future with and without conservation. Four GSS conservation impact metrics were calculated based on the averages of expert judgments. Experts forecasted that impact in the short‐term would be minimal (i.e., conservation gain metric = zero or low) for 5 of the 8 species because targeted and maintained conservation actions are often lacking. In contrast, experts indicated long‐term recovery potential would be considerably higher if implementation of appropriate recovery activities could be sustained (all 8 species had medium or high recovery potential). We concluded that the GSS is well suited to a modified workshop approach because it aims to reduce biases associated with expert judgments and encourages valuable knowledge sharing among experts.

Chemical components of electric vehicle and internal combustion engine vehicle fire smoke and their mutagenic effects - Yong Ho Kim; Adam Nored; Gavin P. Horn; Richard M. Kesler; Adam Barowy; Alex Schraiber; Benjamin Gaudet; Alexander C. Mayer; Micah Niemeier-Walsh; Kenneth W. Fent; Kasey Kovalcik; Joseph Patrick Pancras; et al. (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2025)

Shifts in suitability of pinyon-juniper communities: A climate adaptation framework for range-wide management of arid woodland resources - Adam Noel; Daniel R. Schlaepfer; Ian P. Barrett; Michael C. Duniway; Jodi Norris; Chris T. Domschke; Brad J. Butterfield; Megan C. Swan; Kim Hartwig; Michele R. Crist; John B. Bradford (Forest Ecology and Management, 2025)

Corrigendum to “Foliage leaf and floral bract micromorphology vary by habitat and habit in Guadua (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae)” [Flora, Volume 330, September 2025, 152767] - Elizabeth K. McMurchie; Josephine A. Crock; Devin Molnau; Haldre S. Rogers; Dean C. Adams; Lynn G. Clark (Flora, 2025)

Comparative exo-proteomics of solid and submerged state fermentation using the lignocellulose degrading Ascomycete Parascedosporium putredinis NO1 - Daniel R. Leadbeater; Alexander T. Setchfield; Adam A. Dowle; Neil C. Bruce (Bioresource Technology, 2025)

Species nativeness as a cultural paradigm in conservation - Lily M. van Eeden; Jeff Vance Martin; Jonathan Fisk; Lisa Lehnen; Erle C. Ellis; Michael C. Gavin; Adam C. Landon; Lincoln R. Larson; Kirsten M. Leong; Wayne Linklater; Christopher K. Williams; Richard E.W. Berl (Biological Conservation, 2025)

Gut microbiome signatures predict cognitive impairment in older cancer survivors - Brandi C. Miller; Jayden A. Haggler; Diptaraj S. Chaudhari; Rohit Shukla; Vivek Kumar; Sidharth P. Mishra; Michal M. Masternak; Peter Holland; Corinne Labyak; Adam Golden; Mariana Dangiolo; Andrea Y. Arikawa; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)
Cancer treatments are improving, and the population of cancer survivors is steadily increasing. However, many survivors experience long-term side effects, including chemobrain and other age-related geriatric disorders like cognitive impairment (CI), severely impacting their quality of life. Emerging studies suggest that the gut microbiome plays a central role in cognitive health. However, the long-term effects of cancer treatments on the microbiome, and how these changes impact cognitive health in survivors, remain largely unknown. Shotgun metagenomic data from 150 older adults (≥ 60 years old, including 49 cancer survivors and 101 controls) from the Microbiome in Aging Gut and Brain (MiaGB) consortium revealed that Tyzzerella , Eggerthella lenta , and Bacteroides vulgatus were specific markers of the cancer survivor gut and could differentiate cancer survivorship in this cohort. Microbiome signatures were distinct in cancer survivors with CI compared to those without and differed from those seen in non-cancer individuals with CI. Bacterial taxa including Streptococcus thermophilus and Firmicutes bacterium CAG 114 were significantly reduced in cancer survivors and strongly associated with CI. Importantly, metabolic pathway analysis revealed that microbial neurotransmitter synthesis was significantly depleted in the gut of cancer survivors, suggesting a mechanistic link to CI. Our results suggest that microbiome signatures predict cancer survivorship and the risk of CI in older adults, potentially by depleting neurotransmitter synthesis in the gut. These findings aid in establishing the role of the microbiome in predicting cancer survivorship and CI risk, which is valuable in the development of novel therapies to support the growing population of cancer survivors. Graphical Abstract

Ancient Introgression Explains Mitochondrial Genome Capture and Mitonuclear Discordance Among South American Collared Tropidurus Lizards - Matheus M. A. Salles; André L. G. Carvalho; Adam D. Leaché; Nicolas Martinez; Frederick Bauer; Martha Motte; Viviana Espínola; Miguel T. Rodrigues; Carla Piantoni; Marcio R. Pie; André Olivotto; Guarino R. Colli; et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2025)
Mitonuclear discordance—evolutionary discrepancies between mitochondrial and nuclear DNA phylogenies—can arise from various factors, including introgression, incomplete lineage sorting, recent or ancient demographic fluctuations, sex‐biased dispersal asymmetries, among others. Understanding this phenomenon is crucial for accurately reconstructing evolutionary histories, as failing to account for discordance can lead to misinterpretations of species boundaries, phylogenetic relationships, and historical biogeographic patterns. We investigate the evolutionary drivers of mitonuclear discordance in the Tropidurus spinulosus species group, which contains nine species of lizards inhabiting open tropical and subtropical environments in South America. Using a combination of population genetic and phylogenomic approaches applied to mitochondrial and nuclear data, we identified different instances of gene flow that occurred in ancestral lineages of extant species. Our results point to a complex evolutionary history marked by prolonged isolation between species, demographic fluctuations, and potential episodes of secondary contact with genetic admixture. These conditions likely facilitated mitochondrial genome capture while diluting signals of nuclear introgression. Furthermore, we found no strong evidence supporting incomplete lineage sorting or natural selection as primary drivers of the observed mitonuclear discordance. Therefore, the unveiled patterns are most consistent with neutral demographic processes, coupled with ancient mitochondrial introgression, as the main factors underlying the mismatch between nuclear and mitochondrial phylogenies in this system. Future research could further explore the role of other demographic processes, such as asymmetric sex‐biased dispersal, in shaping these complex evolutionary patterns.

The Properties of Individual Fire Events Are Essential for Understanding Global Fire Regimes - Adam L. Mahood; Ty Tuff; Megan E. Cattau; Virginia Iglesias; Thomas E. Hanson; Jilmarie Stephens; Nayani Ilangakoon; Maxwell C. Cook; R. Chelsea Nagy; David Barnard; E. Natasha Stavros; Amy DeCastro; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Aim As fire activity changes globally, we need to better understand the spatial and temporal characteristics of the individual events that, when aggregated, constitute fire regimes. Most global studies analyze point detections of burned area, without delineating or considering the properties of individual events. Furthermore, there is a critical need to understand fire patterns within the context of the geopolitical boundaries within which fires are managed. Location Global. Time Period 2003–2020. Major Taxa Studied Fire. Methods We divided 241 countries by Köppen‐Geiger climate classifications and quantified four event‐based fire regime metrics: size, duration, and mean and maximum growth rate; and four area‐based metrics: burned area, number of fires, season length, and season peak. We examined the correlations among fire regime components, and between each fire regime component and climate normals. We quantified temporal trends, and used mixed models to analyze how climate and landcover change were associated with event‐based components of fire regimes. Results Event‐based metrics were weakly correlated with area‐based metrics. Countries with warmer and less variable climates had high burned area, more fire events, longer season lengths and shorter event durations. Countries with high annual temperature range and low precipitation tended to have fewer events but larger fires that were faster‐spreading and occurred later in the year. The growth rate and size of individual fire events are increasing in 18% and 21% of regions we analysed, respectively. Interannual variability in size and growth rate was associated with aridity increases in boreal areas, and landcover changes in arid areas. Main Conclusions Drivers of burned area and fire seasonality are well understood but largely unrelated to the properties of individual events. A more detailed understanding of the spatial and temporal aspects of fire events at broad scales will assist fire management efforts in preparing for a warmer future.

Foraminifera record historical coral-algal phase shifts on Caribbean coral reefs - Akos Kalman; Alex F. Humphreys; Zach Adams; Riley Ames; Angelique R. Marín; Alex C. Dempsey; Sam J. Purkis (Marine Environmental Research, 2025)

Documenting phytoplankton community responses to hydrological resetting events in eutrophic low-inflow estuaries - Emily C. de Beer; Janine B. Adams; Daniel A. Lemley (Marine Environmental Research, 2025)

Associations Between Diet Quality, Depression, and Hypertension Across Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Levels in African American Men: Findings from NHANES 2005–2018 - J. Holmes; L. Schorn; R. Umrani; C. Taylor; I. Richards Adams (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2025)

Dietetics and Nursing Students Affirmatively Report the Likelihood of Recommending Predominantly Plant-based Diets for Non-communicable Disease Management - P. Dyett; L. Foster-Nicholas; C. Mitchell; V. Jones-Oyefeso; V. Sealey-Tobias; A. Adams-Robinson; P. Valley-Thom; D. Balfour (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2025)

Comparing the Predictive Value of the Dietary Ketogenic Ratio and Healthy Eating Index for Glycemic Outcomes in People with Type 2 Diabetes on a Well-formulated Ketogenic Diet - A. Zoller; R. Adams; C. Roberts; S. Athinarayanan; B. Volk; H. Willis (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2025)

Formative Research to Develop DC-SIPS: A Multilevel Intervention to Reduce Sugary Drink Intake and Promote Water Intake Among Black Youth in Washington, DC - Natalie Vallone; Nia I. Bodrick; Jasmine H. Kaidbey; Mariana F. Grilo; Shaleen Arora; Adam Dawer; Natasha Kumar; Jaiden Bluth; Natalie Lueders; Jennifer M. Sacheck; William H. Dietz; Karen A. McDonnell; et al. (Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 2025)

Indirect effects of soil amendments on plant traits and the microbiome in post-wildfire forest recovery - David M. Barnard; Adam L. Mahood; Jacob A. Macdonald; Kaela K. Amundson; Timothy S. Fegel; Sean M. Gleason; Madeline Guimond; Sophie Kaiser; Kya Sparks; Michael J. Wilkins; Charles C. Rhoades (Forest Ecology and Management, 2025)

Twelve-year residual effect of sewage sludge on the biogeochemical cycling of potentially toxic elements in tropical Eucalyptus plantation - Antonio L. Florentino; Alexandre V. Ferraz; Adam C. Rodrigues; Nikolas S. Mateus; Paulo H.S. Cardoso; Timothy R. Filley; Eduardo Mariano; José Lavres; José L.M. Gonçalves; Cassio H. Abreu-Junior (Forest Ecology and Management, 2025)

Wave impacts on vertical cliffs: Insights from laboratory experiments and field observations - Yaxiong Shen; Colin N. Whittaker; Catriona F. Thompson; Alison C. Raby; Adam P. Young; Mark E. Dickson (Coastal Engineering, 2025)

Non-native grass invasion drives biodiversity loss after a single fire in a semi-arid shrubland - Adam L. Mahood; Jennifer K. Balch; David M. Barnard; Katherine N. Suding; Jeanne C. Chambers (Biological Conservation, 2025)

A urine patch model for evaluating management strategies for reducing nitrogen leaching from pasture-based dairy farms - Christopher Adams; Jacobus Kok; Peter Amer; Pierre C. Beukes (Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2025)
Animal urine and urine patch characteristics are important drivers of nitrogen leaching in pasture-based dairy systems and their manipulation offers opportunities to mitigate these losses. We developed a model, based on previous work, to investigate the effect of applying tactical management strategies to reduce nitrogen leaching from urination events during different times of the year. Our model predicted that reducing pasture height or decreasing the volume per urination event to increase the spread of urine in the critical summer and autumn months (January to May) had minimal effect on nitrogen leaching at paddock scale. In contrast, diluting the nitrogen concentration of urine by decreasing dietary nitrogen intake by 30% or increasing total daily urination volume by 40% (while keeping daily nitrogen excreted constant) during these critical months reduced nitrogen leaching by 28% and 13%, respectively. When these dilution strategies were applied for the whole milking season (August to May) reductions of 40% and 22% were achieved. This demonstrates that management strategies can be applied tactically during key times of the year and still achieve considerable nitrogen leaching reductions. This is important for dairy producers who can add substantial reductions to nitrogen leaching from their farm systems, while reducing the management effort and costs by focussing on one key urine characteristic, nitrogen concentration, and only during a limited time of the farm season.

LIBS as a tool for Li-pegmatite exploration and prospect evaluation: Soil mica and soil analysis from the Carolina Tin-Spodumene Belt - Russell S. Harmon; P. Louis Lu; Adam C. Curry; Russell M. Murray; Daniel D. Richter (Applied Geochemistry, 2025)

Seasonal differences in nutrient uptake dynamics in coastal spring-fed ecosystems: the potential effects of Florida manatees and humans - Adam C. Siders; Alexander J. Reisinger; Matt R. Whiles (Aquatic Sciences, 2025)

Genetic Assessment of the Spinner Dolphin ( Stenella longirostris ) in the Largest Offshore Sedimentary Basin in Brazil - Thaís Leal; Ana Lúcia Cypriano‐Souza; Paulo C. Simões‐Lopes; Sandro L. Bonatto; Jeremy J. Kiszka; Ruth Y. Ewing; Adam Lache; Maria C. Cartolano; Ana P. B. Costa (Marine Mammal Science, 2025)
Assessing the genetic diversity of a population is critical to evaluate its resilience in the face of anthropogenic impacts. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity and structure of the spinner dolphins ( Stenella longirostris ) that inhabit the Santos Basin (SB), south and southeast Brazil. Analyses were conducted using seven microsatellite loci and a 686 bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. The genetic relationship between SB spinner dolphins with the island‐associated spinner dolphins of Fernando de Noronha and spinner dolphins distributed in the western North Atlantic, including the Wider Caribbean region, was also investigated through a 324 bp fragment of the mtDNA control region. Results indicate that the offshore group of spinner dolphins in the SB has high genetic diversity for both mtDNA and nuclear markers. Based on mtDNA, the SB group has moderate genetic connectivity to the western North Atlantic/Wider Caribbean region spinner dolphins, but high genetic differentiation from their closest neighbors (Fernando de Noronha). These findings indicate that although SB spinner dolphins occur in an area of strong anthropogenic impacts, they present a high level of neutral genetic variation, with subtle matrilineally derived structure in the offshore (not island‐associated) waters of the western Atlantic.

A global meta‐analysis of ecological functions and regulating ecosystem services of freshwater bivalves - Alexandra Zieritz; Joshua I. Brian; Ronaldo Sousa; David C. Aldridge; Carla L. Atkinson; Karel Douda; Caryn Vaughn; Yulia Bespalaya; Tabitha Richmond; Adam M. Ćmiel; Alma Crisp; Andreas H. Dobler; et al. (Limnology and Oceanography, 2025)
Freshwater bivalves are globally distributed, diverse, and common in benthic communities. Many taxa, particularly in the most species‐rich order, Unionida, are declining due to anthropogenic stressors, while a small number of non‐native species have become increasingly abundant and widespread, commonly replacing native bivalve assemblages. To understand how these global changes may impact ecosystems and people, we conducted a meta‐analysis of existing literature quantifying the ecological functions (= supporting or intermediate ecosystem services) and regulating ecosystem services of freshwater bivalves (hereafter “ecosystem services”). Random effects meta‐analysis modeling across 447 case studies revealed a positive effect on human health, safety, or comfort of freshwater bivalve ecosystem services overall and specifically, via effects on native macrofauna, microorganisms, wastes, and pollutants, and the physico‐chemical condition or quantity of sediments. Generally, effects of native species and species within the orders Unionida and Venerida were more significant and positive than those of other freshwater bivalves. No significant overall effect was found for ecosystem services related to zooplankton, algae, invasive species, and the physico‐chemical condition of ambient water. Moreover, a significant bias toward publication of positive results existed for studies quantifying ecosystem services related to algae. These findings illustrate the global importance of the ecosystem services of freshwater bivalves and highlight the need for large‐scale conservation and restoration efforts for their species and populations globally, including those of common species. Our findings also question common assumptions of strong and ubiquitous effects of freshwater bivalves on algae and water condition, cautioning against extrapolating observations across systems.

Imperial systems and local landscapes of Buldan Yayla in Western Anatolia (Türkiye) during the last 4000 years: An integrated palynological, historical, and archaeological approach - Sabina Fiołna; Mustafa Doğan; Warren Eastwood; John Haldon; Georgios C. Liakopoulos; Dilek Şenkul; Çetin Şenkul; Adam Izdebski (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2025)
This study investigates long‐term impacts of empires on local socio‐ecosystems in western Anatolia (modern western Türkiye) over the past four millennia. We focus on Buldan Yayla Lake, located in a small mountain basin north of the Büyük Menderes (Great Meander) River valley. By examining palynological data alongside historical and archaeological records, we show how four major empires—Hittite, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman—shaped land use, vegetation, and resource management practices in a specific locality within a wider regional and transregional economic network. The ebb and flow of empire resulted in cycles of land use intensification and rewilding, resembling broader patterns of regional integration and fragmentation. The different administrative and economic structures of each empire, however, left distinct ecological imprints, with evidence of shifts from extensive pastoralism to specialised crop cultivation, or from olive‐focused agriculture to one dominated by mixed agriculture. These shifts underscore both the variation and the adaptability of local socio‐ecological systems within broader imperial networks and highlight the interplay of transregional and local factors in landscape transformation.

Mountainous vegetation succession and land use during the last millennium in the Peloponnese (southern Greece): Environmental change and economic development in an isolated periphery - Katerina Kouli; Georgios C. Liakopoulos; Grammatiki Vasileiadi; Dimitrios Lamprakis; Alexis Malliaris; Lucrezia Masci; Alessia Masi; Matthias Moros; Maria Papadaki; Cristiano Vignola; Pavlos Avramidis; Adam Izdebski (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2025)
Mediterranean mountainous areas and their valuable natural resources have long been attractive to human societies. The Peloponnese (southern Greece), with its complex topographic and climatic variability, has been the scenery for the development of numerous human communities. The existing paleovegetation records from the region derive mainly from lowland sites, while the vegetation succession of the mountains is not clearly understood. Herein, we focus on the sediment profile of Rakita, a wetland located in an isolated mountain basin in the northwestern Peloponnese. We combine pollen‐based vegetation reconstruction with detailed historical and archeological data and analyze them within a broader well‐connected region of the Peloponnese, characterized by an extensive coastline and central location in the Mediterranean trade system. In particular, we contextualize the pollen data with the detailed taxation registers, cadastres, and censuses produced by the Ottoman and Venetian authorities, which recorded agricultural production and population. The high‐resolution pollen profile covers the last 1100 years, and thus we are able to look at more than a millennium of socioeconomic change that witnessed a variety of political and economic systems that controlled the Rakita upland area. We are able to study how these different systems impacted the area of Rakita, which has sizable environmental potential for human exploitation, yet is not easily accessible, and therefore not the first choice for human actors whose goal was to maximize agricultural production of the region. We discover that a smaller scale non‐imperial but deeply market‐oriented political system of the late medieval period, such as the Principality of Achaea, was more successful in intensifying land use even in such isolated locations as Rakita than the large imperial systems of the Byzantine or Ottoman empires, even during their most intensive phases of growth.

Surface-based morphometry reveals divergent aging trajectories in veterans with and without traumatic brain injury - Michelle C. Eliason; Amrutha Bindu Nagella; Cristian Cuadra; David S. Wack; Ghazala T. Saleem; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; John Q. Trojanowki; Arthur W. Toga; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)

Delirium in hospitalized COVID-19 patients is associated with dynamic changes in peripheral immune gene expression - Sara C. LaHue; Naoki Takegami; Rubinee Simmasalam; Abiya Baqai; Elena Munoz; Anya Sikri; Thibault du Buisson de Courson; Nilika S. Singhal; Walter Eckalbar; Charles R. Langelier; Carolyn M. Hendrickson; Carolyn S. Calfee; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)
Delirium is a neurologic syndrome characterized by inattention and cognitive impairment frequently encountered in medically ill older adults. As a hallmark of age-related brain vulnerability, delirium offers a clinical model to investigate how peripheral immune responses contribute to acute brain dysfunction. Peripheral inflammation is a key trigger of delirium, but the patient-specific immune responses that drive delirium onset and recovery remain poorly understood. This retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected biospecimens examines RNA sequencing from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of adults hospitalized for COVID-19 to better understand patient-specific factors associated with delirium ( n = 64). Longitudinal transcriptomic analyses highlight persistent immune dysregulation in delirium, marked by increasing expression trajectories of genes linked to innate immune pathways, including complement activation, cytokine production, and monocyte/macrophage recruitment. Genes involved adaptive immunity showed a declining trajectory over time in patients with delirium. Although corticosteroid treatment suppressed some aspects of immune hyperactivation, aberrant responses contributing to delirium were exacerbated. Delirium resolution was characterized by normalization of key transcripts such as CCL2 and innate immune markers. Novel associations with delirium included transcripts related to stress granule assembly and the T cell regulators DUSP2 and KLF10 . Delirium in COVID-19 is associated with distinct and dynamic peripheral immune trajectories that are modulated by corticosteroids. Further understanding these mechanisms has important implications for preventing delirium in older adults. These findings provide novel mechanistic insights with translational relevance for immunomodulatory strategies targeting maladaptive immune responses to prevent or treat delirium in medically ill populations.

Extension of lifespan by epicatechin, halofuginone and mitoglitazone in male but not female genetically heterogeneous mice - Randy Strong; James F. Nelson; Molly A. Bogue; Jerry R. Colca; Martin Denzel; Vivian Diaz; Brian N. Finck; Vadim N. Gladyshev; Steve Horvath; Nisi Jiang; Tracy Keller; Rolf F. Kletzien; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)
Mice bred in 2021 were tested by the Interventions Testing Program (ITP) for possible lifespan benefits of 2BAct (2BA), dichloroacetate (DCA), Epicatechin (EPI), Forskolin (FSK), Halofuginone (HAL) and Mitoglitazone (MIT). All agents were administered in the diet ad libitum beginning at 7 months of age. In male mice, EPI increased median lifespan by ~ 5%, and HAL and MIT each increased median lifespan by ~ 9%. EPI and HAL, but not MIT, increased 90% survival. In addition to adding 3 new agents to the list of interventions identified by the ITP that extend lifespan, this report continues the strong male bias in the efficacy of life-extending drugs identified so far.

A Practical Introduction to Utilising Uncertainty Information in the Analysis of Essential Climate Variables - Adam C. Povey; Claire E. Bulgin; Alexander Gruber (Surveys in Geophysics, 2025)
An estimate of uncertainty is essential to understanding what information is conveyed by data and how it relates to the wider context of what one intended to measure. It can be difficult to know how to use uncertainty during the analysis of environmental data and the best way to present that information within a dataset. In many common uses, such as calculating statistical significance, it is easy to make mistakes due to incomplete or inappropriate use of the available uncertainty information. Uncertainty is itself uncertain, such that many practical or empirical solutions are available when a comprehensive uncertainty budget is impractical to produce. This manuscript collects actionable guidance on how uncertainty can be used, presented, and calculated when working with essential climate variables (ECVs). This includes qualitative discussions of the utility of uncertainties, explanations of common misconceptions, advice on presentation style, and plain descriptions of the essential equations. Selected worked examples are included on the propagation of uncertainties, particularly for data aggregation and merging. Uncertainty need not be off-putting as even incomplete uncertainty budgets add value to any observation. This paper aims to provide a starting point, or refresher, for researchers in the environmental sciences to make more complete use of uncertainty in their work.

Removal of residual antibiotics from aquaculture effluents by denitrifying woodchip bioreactors - Mathis von Ahnen; Kai Tang; Ida van de Ven; Adam C. Hambly; Henrik Rasmus Andersen; Niels Lorenzen; Per Bovbjerg Pedersen (Aquaculture, 2025)

P30-74 How advancements in OECD genotoxicity TGs improve chemical safety assessments and challenge retrospective data analysis for NAM based IATA development - V. Hatzi; D. Nikolopoulou; E. Chaideftou; C.L. Battistelli; C. Bossa; N.G. Raitano; T.E. Pronk; C. Adam-Guillermin; O. Tcheremenskaia; K. Machera; M. Luijten; M. Audebert; et al. (Toxicology Letters, 2025)

Foliage leaf and floral bract micromorphology vary by habitat and habit in Guadua (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae) - Elizabeth K. McMurchie; Josephine A. Crock; Devin Molnau; Haldre S. Rogers; Dean C. Adams; Lynn G. Clark (Flora, 2025)

Blue Carbon at the southern tip of Africa: current knowledge and future perspectives for dynamic estuarine environments - Janine B. Adams; Daniel Buttner; Sarah Hawkes; Lucienne R.D. Human; Anesu Machite; Athi N. Mfikili; Andrew Ndhlovu; Leigh-Ann Smit; Anusha Rajkaran; Taryn Riddin; Gavin M. Rishworth; Heidi van Deventer; et al. (Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2025)

Disentangling global geochemical signals from local diagenetic alteration in shallow-water marine carbonates during OAE1a - Matthew D. Nadeau; Jack G. Murphy; Cedric J. Hagen; Ziman Wu; Alliya A. Akhtar; Anne-Sofie Ahm; Daniel A. Stolper; Adam C. Maloof; John A. Higgins (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2025)

Network of networks: Time series clustering of AmeriFlux sites - David E Reed; Housen Chu; Brad G. Peter; Jiquan Chen; Michael Abraha; Brian Amiro; Ray G. Anderson; M. Altaf Arain; Paulo Arruda; Greg A. Barron-Gafford; Carl Bernacchi; Daniel P. Beverly; et al. (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2025)

The essential role of large research vessels in marine ecosystem observations and ocean sustainability - Erin V. Satterthwaite; John C. Field; Andrea J. Fassbender; Gerardo Aceves‐Medina; Steven J. Bograd; Elliott L. Hazen; Nastassia V. Patin; Zachary Gold; Katherine A. Barbeau; Danie Kinkade; Adam Shepherd; Rasmus Swalethorp; et al. (Limnology and Oceanography, 2025)
Our understanding of marine ecosystems and ability to manage them sustainably has come from multidisciplinary observations made repeatedly over long periods of time. These long‐term ecosystem observations depend on the capabilities of large research vessels, which play an essential role in the collection of global ocean observations. Research vessels serve as large, stable platforms for collecting high volume samples from the surface to the seafloor that provide uniquely valuable in situ marine ecosystem information. Additionally, they serve as mobile laboratories enabling the collection, preservation, processing, and analysis of unique samples and data, such as chemical, biogeochemical, and biological parameters. Given their capacity for, and repeated use in, collecting comprehensive marine ecosystem observations—across geology, physics, chemistry, and biology—large research vessels provide insight into long‐term regional ecosystem dynamics. They also act as platforms‐of‐opportunity for testing, refining, and comparing technologies, enabling innovation and the evolution of the observing system. High‐quality observations from large research vessels serve as the backbone for many other components of the global ocean observing system through their use in calibrating autonomous sensors and predictive modeling. Moreover, large research vessels function as mobile, experiential training and exploration platforms that facilitate discovery, education, and collaboration. An effective, modular marine ecosystem observing system will depend on large research vessels to sustain and augment existing observing programs and to deploy, service, and validate the growing array of autonomous platforms that contribute to it. Achieving this vision will likely require maintaining and upgrading ship‐based infrastructure and personnel, integrating emerging technologies, leveraging the unique capabilities of large research vessels in conjunction with other platforms, strengthening collaborative partnerships, and building social capital for marine ecosystem observations through training, knowledge sharing, and effective governance.

Diversity in Resource Use Strategies Promotes Productivity in Young Planted Tree Species Mixtures - Joel Jensen; Haben Blondeel; Joannès Guillemot; Florian Schnabel; Hernán Serrano‐León; Harald Auge; Lander Baeten; Nadia Barsoum; Jürgen Bauhus; Christel Baum; Raimundo Bermudez; Friderike Beyer; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2025)
Mixed‐species forestry is a promising approach to enhance productivity, increase carbon sequestration, and mitigate climate change. Diverse forests, composed of species with varying structures and functional trait profiles, may have higher functional and structural diversity, which are attributes relevant to a number of mechanisms that can influence productivity. However, it remains unclear whether the context‐dependent roles of functional identity, functional diversity, and structural diversity can lead to a generalized understanding of tree diversity effects on stand productivity. To address these gaps, we analyzed growth data from 83,600 trees from 89 species across 21 young tree diversity experiments spanning five continents and three biomes. Results revealed a positive saturating relationship between tree species richness and stand productivity, with reduced variability in growth rates among more diverse stands. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that functional diversity mediated the positive effects of species richness on productivity. We additionally report a negative relationship between structural diversity and productivity, which decreased with increasing species richness. When partitioning net diversity effects, we found that selection effects played a dominant role in driving the overall increase in productivity in these predominantly young stands, contributing 77% of the net diversity effect. Selection effects increased with diversity in wood density. Furthermore, acquisitive species with lower wood density and higher leaf nitrogen content had higher productivity in more diverse stands, while conservative species showed neutral to slightly negative responses to species mixing. Together, these results suggest that combining acquisitive with conservative species allows acquisitive species to drive positive selection effects while conservative species tolerate competition. Thus, contrasting resource‐use strategies can enhance productivity to optimize mixed‐species forestry, with potential for both ecological and economic benefits.

Tree species diversity and population dynamics along the forest fragment gradient in Langol Reserve Forest, Manipur - Khumanthem Babina Devi; C. Lalruatkimi; Ahmed Abdallah Adam Mohamed; Lalthawmmawii Khawlhring; O. P. Tripathi (Vegetos, 2025)

Air pollution exposures and adverse childhood experiences in relation to sleep health in middle childhood - Jonika B. Hash; Logan C. Dearborn; Christine T. Loftus; Catherine J. Karr; Adam A. Szpiro; Emily S. Barrett; Kaja Z. LeWinn; Ruby Nguyen; Paul E. Moore; Brent Collett; Amanda N. Noroña-Zhou; Nicole R. Bush; et al. (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2025)

Half of the habitat of Australia's highly imperilled narrow-range species is outside protected areas - Michelle Ward; Martine Maron; Jeremy S. Simmonds; Mark Lintermans; Nick S. Whiterod; David G. Chapple; Hugh P. Possingham; Sarah M. Legge; Rachael V. Gallagher; Brendan A. Wintle; Samantha Vine; Kita Ashman; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2025)

The combined effects of artificial gravity, temperature, and hypoxia on haemodynamic responses and limb blood flow - Jason T. Fisher; Urša Ciuha; Pierre Denise; Adam C. McDonnell; Hervé Normand; Igor B. Mekjavic (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2025)
Under simultaneous environmental and gravitational stressors, integrated vascular responses maintain homeostatic balance via coordinated baro- and thermo-regulatory action. The effect of temperature and hypoxia at an elevated gravitational vector on the interaction of these systems was examined. Ten male participants experienced either cool (18.4 °C) or warm (29.1 °C) ambient temperatures in normoxia (partial pressure of oxygen, P I O 2 = 133 mmHg) or hypoxia (P I O 2 = 92 mmHg). Cardiovascular (heart rate, HR; arterial pressure, MAP; cardiac output, CO; stroke volume, SV; skin blood flow, SkBF) and thermoregulatory (skin temperature; core temperature) responses were monitored during standing (NG), and supine centrifugation at ground reaction forces (GRF) measured with a force platform at 1GRF and 2GRF. At 2GRF, warm and hypoxic conditions reduced the test duration by 16%. No differences were observed between NG and 1GRF in any variable; however, 2GRF significantly raised HR by 29.3% and MAP by 12.6%, and lowered SV by 22.2%. Warm condition significantly increased HR, and significantly decreased MAP and SV compared to the cool condition, by 17.8%, 6.1%, and 5.8%, respectively. Hypoxia had no effect on any variable. Arm SkBF significantly decreased by 33.3% with increasing artificial gravity, whereas leg SkBF increased by 38.7%. Higher ambient temperatures had no effect on leg SkBF, but significantly increased arm SkBF by 38.7%. Human tolerance to passive centrifugation is significantly lower at 2GRF, and further affected by the ambient conditions. Haemodynamic and leg SkBF responses in higher temperature and Gz conditions were frequently unable to prevent pre-syncopal symptoms. Finally, arm SkBF was modulated by both baroreflex and thermoregulation, and the baroreflex alone in leg SkBF.

Effects of recreational disturbance history on female Trinidadian guppies’ responses to chemical predation cues - Alix J. P. Brusseau; Félixe Dumaresq-Synnott; Jade Morris; Abigail C. Nagl; Adam L. Crane; Grant E. Brown (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2025)

Advancing clinical trial readiness in white matter disease and related dementias: key steps for future research progress - Pradoldej Sompol; Gregory A. Jicha; Jason D. Hinman; Adam M. Brickman; Steven M. Greenberg; Konstantinos Arfanakis; Marion S. Buckwalter; Irene Lorenzo Llorente; Jeff D. Williamson; Michael S. Wolf; Eric E. Smith; Aditi Gupta; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)

Tree species proportion prediction using airborne laser scanning and Sentinel-2 data within a deep learning based dual-stream data fusion approach - Brent A. Murray; Nicholas C. Coops; Joanne C. White; Adam Dick; Ahmed Ragab (International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2025)

The green seaweed Ulva : tomorrow’s “wheat of the sea” in foods, feeds, nutrition, and biomaterials - Laurie C. Hofmann; Sylvia Strauss; Muki Shpigel; Lior Guttman; Dagmar B. Stengel; Céline Rebours; Natasha Gjorgovska; Gamze Turan; Karina Balina; Gabrielle Zammit; Jessica M. M. Adams; Umair Ahsan; et al. (Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2025)

End-of-life pathology in UM-HET3 mice treated with 16 α‑hydroxyestradiol or late‑start canagliflozin - Jessica M. Snyder; David E. Harrison; Ron Korstanje; Brett Ginsburg; Peter C. Reifsnyder; James Nelson; Scott Leiser; Catherine Kaczorowski; Denise M. Imai; Adam B. Salmon; Randy Strong; Warren Ladiges; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)
Canagliflozin (Cana) started at 16 months of age and 16-hydroxy-estradiol (OH_Est) started at 12 months each led to significant increases in lifespan in male UM-HET3 mice but significant decreases in female lifespan. To seek insights into the basis for these sex-specific effects, we performed end-of-life histopathological analyses of control and treated mice for all three interventions testing program sites. There were no significant drug-induced alterations in inferred cause of death, although statistical power was low for such comparisons. Tabulation of incidental lesions (i.e., combining lethal and non-lethal lesions) revealed a complex set of significant and near-significant changes caused by each of the two agents, in some cases absent, or even opposite in direction, in one of the two sexes. The analysis did not, however, reveal a clear pattern that would explain the selective sex-specific effects of either agent on lifespan. It is plausible that the female-specific harm induced by each of these agents could reflect harmful or toxic effects that are not easily detectable by histopathological examination.

Fish consumption advice is depriving children of neurolipids and other nutrients essential to brain and eye development - Philip Spiller; J. Thomas Brenna; Susan E. Carlson; Jean Golding; Michael A. Crawford; Joseph R. Hibbeln; Berthold V. Koletzko; John Columbo; Penny Kris-Etherton; Sonja L. Connor; Clark Carrington; P. Michael Bolger; et al. (NeuroToxicology, 2025)

A flexible framework for species-based regional cumulative effects assessments to support offshore wind energy planning and management - Megan C. Ferguson; Kathryn A. Williams; M. Wing Goodale; Evan M. Adams; Paul Knaga; Katrien Kingdon; Stephanie Avery-Gomm (Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 2025)

Temporal and Spatial Changes in Water Quality and Phytoplankton Populations in the Lower St. Johns River, Florida - Gretchen K. Bielmyer-Fraser; Julia M. Courville; Kaitlyn Bowers; Samantha O’Keefe; Sarah Paulsen; Luke Stoeber; Megan Wise; Adam C. Ryan; James A. Nienow (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2025)

Concurrent invasions of European starlings in Australia and North America reveal population‐specific differentiation in shared genomic regions - Natalie R. Hofmeister; Katarina C. Stuart; Wesley C. Warren; Scott J. Werner; Melissa Bateson; Gregory F. Ball; Katherine L. Buchanan; David W. Burt; Adam P. A. Cardilini; Phillip Cassey; Tim De Meyer; Julia George; et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2025)
A species' success during the invasion of new areas hinges on an interplay between the demographic processes common to invasions and the specific ecological context of the novel environment. Evolutionary genetic studies of invasive species can investigate how genetic bottlenecks and ecological conditions shape genetic variation in invasions, and our study pairs two invasive populations that are hypothesized to be from the same source population to compare how each population evolved during and after introduction. Invasive European starlings ( Sturnus vulgaris ) established populations in both Australia and North America in the 19th century. Here, we compare whole‐genome sequences among native and independently introduced European starling populations to determine how demographic processes interact with rapid evolution to generate similar genetic patterns in these recent and replicated invasions. Demographic models indicate that both invasive populations experienced genetic bottlenecks as expected based on invasion history, and we find that specific genomic regions have differentiated even on this short evolutionary timescale. Despite genetic bottlenecks, we suggest that genetic drift alone cannot explain differentiation in at least two of these regions. The demographic boom intrinsic to many invasions as well as potential inversions may have led to high population‐specific differentiation, although the patterns of genetic variation are also consistent with the hypothesis that this infamous and highly mobile invader adapted to novel selection (e.g., extrinsic factors). We use targeted sampling of replicated invasions to identify and evaluate support for multiple, interacting evolutionary mechanisms that lead to differentiation during the invasion process.

Proteoglycan-4 (PRG4) serum concentration is lower in aged mice, and genetic deficiency impacts survival probability, blood parameters, and bone during aging - Adam P. Tanguay; Nikhil G. Menon; Emma Slavin; Mikayla Moody; Erin McEwen; Gregory D. Jay; Joseph Lorenzo; Jenna M. Bartley; Vanessa M. Scanlon; Alix C. Deymier; Tannin A. Schmidt (GeroScience, 2025)

Correction to: Lifespan effects in male UM‑HET3 mice treated with sodium thiosulfate, 16-hydroxyestradiol, and late‑start canagliflozin - Richard A. Miller; David E. Harrison; Gino A. Cortopassi; Ishmael Dehghan; Elizabeth Fernandez; Michael Garratt; John G. Geisler; Brett C. Ginsburg; Melissa L. Han; Catherine C. Kaczorowski; Navasuja Kumar; Scott F. Leiser; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)

Survival Estimates of Endangered Shortnose Sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum Lesueur, 1818) from Geographically Disjunct Population Segments - Evan C. Ingram; Amanda L. Higgs; Liam Butler; Dewayne A. Fox; Adam G. Fox (Fishes, 2025)
The complex life history and stock structure of endangered shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) may hinder recovery efforts for individually managed river populations in the US. Reliable survival estimates are essential for evaluating population trends and guiding conservation amid ongoing and emergent threats. However, such estimates are scarce in the recent literature and available for only a few wild populations, with their usefulness in practical management limited. In this study, we leverage multi-year acoustic telemetry data from monitoring projects in the Hudson River, New York (2012–2015), and Altamaha River, Georgia (2011–2014), to develop and compare survival estimates for spawning populations at opposite ends of the species’ US geographic range. Bayesian multistate capture–recapture models indicated high and precise apparent monthly adult survival in both the Hudson (0.991; 95% Bayesian credibility interval [CI]: 0.984–0.996) and Altamaha (0.980; 95% CI: 0.969–0.989) rivers, with implied annual survival rates of 0.897 and 0.787, respectively. Overall, this study advances our understanding of clinal variation in key demographic parameters and underscores the need to develop regionally specific goals for recovery. Broadening the estimates through increased telemetry coverage and integration of additional data will strengthen recovery efforts and support the long-term persistence of shortnose sturgeon across their range.

Metagenomics Reveal Dynamic Coastal Ocean Reservoir of Antibiotic Resistance Genes - Stacy A. Suarez; Alyse A. Larkin; Melissa L. Brock; Allison R. Moreno; Adam J. Fagan; Adam C. Martiny (Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2025)
Exposure to antibiotic-resistant microbial communities in coastal waters is an important threat to human health. Through a ten-year coastal time series, we used metagenomics from 236 time points to provide a comprehensive understanding of the seawater resistome, temporal distribution, and factors influencing frequencies of specific resistance types. Here, we predicted that antibiotic resistance gene frequencies would increase during the winter due to increased rainfall, with terrestrial and enteric taxa serving as the primary carriers of resistance genes in coastal waters. We found that seasonal and interannual trends of antibiotic resistance genes vary by gene and the taxa carrying them, as opposed to a general increase in most resistance genes during specific seasons. However, we found that precipitation and Enterococcus levels may be accurate indicators for total antibiotic resistance gene levels in Newport Beach coastal water. Resistance genes were primarily carried by marine taxa, though some terrestrial taxa and opportunistic pathogens also harbored these genes. Non-marine taxa can be introduced through rain, human activity, or sewage spills. By using metagenomics, we were able to elucidate the antibiotic-resistant bacterial communities in Newport Beach coastal water and demonstrate both seasonal and multiannual trends in their abundance with important implications for local health and safety.

Comparing growth of ear-hanging and lantern net cultured Atlantic sea scallops, Placopecten magellanicus, over a complete grow-out cycle to determine optimal harvest timing - Christopher Noren; Struan Coleman; Adam St. Gelais; Dana Morse; Tom Kiffney; Andrew Peters; Damian C. Brady (Aquaculture, 2025)

Assessment of traditional biosolids disposal methods for biosolids contaminated with Bacillus globigii spores - Adam C. Burdsall; Matthew Magnuson; Jeffrey G. Szabo; J. Lee Heckman (Next Research, 2025)

Cryptic species, biogeography, and patterns of introgression in the fish genus Mogurnda (Eleotridae) from the Australian wet tropics: A purple patch for purple-spots - Samuel R. Amini; Mark Adams; Michael P. Hammer; Glenn Briggs; James A. Donaldson; Brendan C. Ebner; Peter J. Unmack (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2025)

Continental declines in North American small mammal populations - Alec Medd; Amanda E. Martin; Adam C. Smith; Lenore Fahrig (Biological Conservation, 2025)

Long-range transport influence on wintertime submicron aerosol chemical composition from simultaneous measurements in Lithuania and Southern Sweden - Agnė Minderytė; Julija Pauraite; Erik Ahlberg; Adam Kristensson; Steigvilė Byčenkienė; Axel C. Eriksson (Atmospheric Environment, 2025)

A comprehensive survey of soil microbial diversity across the Antarctic continent - Nicholas B. Dragone; Mary K. Childress; Caihong Vanderburgh; Rachel Willmore; Ian D. Hogg; Leopoldo G. Sancho; Charles K. Lee; John E. Barrett; C. Alisha Quandt; Joshua J. LeMonte; Byron J. Adams; Noah Fierer (Polar Biology, 2025)
Antarctic soils are unique from those found nearly anywhere else on Earth yet can still harbor a broad diversity of microorganisms able to tolerate the challenging conditions typical of the continent. For these reasons, microbiologists have been drawn to Antarctica for decades. However, our understanding of which microbes thrive in Antarctic soils and how they to do so remains limited. To help resolve these knowledge gaps, we analyzed a collection of 200 archived Antarctic soils—from Livingston Island on the Antarctic Peninsula to Cape Hallett in northern Victoria Land. We analyzed the prokaryotic and fungal communities in these soils using both cultivation-independent marker gene sequencing and cultivation-dependent approaches (microbial isolation), paired with extensive soil geochemical analyses. Our cultivation-independent analyses indicate that colder, saltier, and drier soils harbor less diverse communities of bacteria and fungi, distinct from those found in soils with less challenging conditions. We also built a culture collection from a subset of these soils that encompasses more than 50 bacterial and fungal genera, including cold-tolerant organisms, such as Cryobacterium and Cryomyces . By directly comparing the diversity of our cultured isolates against our cultivation-independent data, we show that many of the more abundant Antarctic taxa are not readily cultivated and highlight bacterial and fungal taxa that should be the focus of future cultivation efforts. Together, we hope that our collection of isolates, the comprehensive data compiled from the cultivation-independent analyses, and our geochemical analyses will serve as a community resource to accelerate the study of Antarctic soil microbes.

A Multimedia Arsenic Exposure Assessment for the Hopi Tribe, AZ, USA - Adam C. Carl; Robert A. Canales; Jonathan E. Blohm; Lorencita Joshweseoma; Steven J. Hadeed; Jefferey L. Burgess; Robin B. Harris; Mary Kay O’Rourke (Exposure and Health, 2025)

Tool use by New World Halichoeres wrasses - Juliette Tariel-Adam; Jaqueline G. Toledo; C. E. O’Brien; Sergio R. Floeter; Culum Brown (Coral Reefs, 2025)
A diverse array of animals has evolved the ability to use tools (e.g., primates, parrots, octopus, crabs, and wasps), but the factors leading to tool use evolution are poorly understood. Fishes could provide insight into these factors via comparison of ecological and morphological differences between tool-using and non-tool-using species. Anvil use is one example of tool use by fish: the fish holds a hard-shelled prey item in its mouth and strikes it onto a hard surface (anvil) to open it. To date, anvil use has been described in 26 of the > 550 described wrasse/Labridae species. Through a community science program called Fish Tool Use , 16 new observations of anvil use were collected in five species of a monophyletic group of wrasses called the New World Halichoeres . These new observations provide the first evidence of anvil use by Halichoeres brasiliensis , H. poeyi and H. radiatus , and the first video evidence of anvil use by H. garnoti and H. bivittatus. They extend the geographic range of known anvil use by wrasses to a new region, the western Atlantic, making this behaviour even more widespread than previously reported. Video analysis revealed that wrasses are flexible in their anvil use: They did not have a preferred side of their body, they cracked open a diverse array of prey on a variety of anvil types, and often used many anvils and striking points for the same prey item. More observations are needed to determine the evolutionary origin of anvil use behaviour, its ecological drivers, costs, and benefits.

Predictability of the Summer 2022 Yangtze River Valley Heatwave in Multiple Seasonal Forecast Systems - Jinqing Zuo; Jianshuang Cao; Lijuan Chen; Yu Nie; Daquan Zhang; Adam A. Scaife; Nick J. Dunstone; Steven C. Hardiman (Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2025)

Tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) demographics and metal(loid) concentrations in egg contents from the Kootenai River basin, Montana nest box colonies - Brian C. Balmer; Joseph P. Skorupa; Katherine B. Adams; Bridger M. Creel; Gregory C. Hoffman; Megan A. Fylling; Stephanie Le; Jacob M. Martin; Theresa L. McBride; Jacob T. Williams; Travis S. Schmidt (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2025)

Dose-response of Asparagopsis extract and diet quality effects enteric methane emissions for sheep fed high-forage diets - Charlotte Adam; Frances C. Cowley; Daniel Korir Sitienei; Nigel Tomkins; Lewis Kahn; James Preston; Emma Doyle (Small Ruminant Research, 2025)

Survival, Travel Time, and Use of Migration Routes by Juvenile Steelhead in a Modified River Estuary - Adam C. Pope; Russell W. Perry; Dalton J. Hance; Rebecca A. Buchanan (Estuaries and Coasts, 2025)

A Future of Self-Directed Patient Internet Research: Large Language Model-Based Tools Versus Standard Search Engines - Arya Rao; Andrew Mu; Elizabeth Enichen; Dhruva Gupta; Nathan Hall; Erica Koranteng; William Marks; Michael J. Senter-Zapata; David C. Whitehead; Benjamin A. White; Sanjay Saini; Adam B. Landman; et al. (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2025)

BioTIME 2.0: Expanding and Improving a Database of Biodiversity Time Series - Maria Dornelas; Laura H. Antão; Amanda E. Bates; Viviana Brambilla; Jonathan M. Chase; Cher F. Y. Chow; Ada Fontrodona‐Eslava; Anne E. Magurran; Inês S. Martins; Faye Moyes; Alban Sagouis; Samuel Adu‐Acheampong; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Motivation Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R package (BioTIMEr) to facilitate use of the database. Main Types of Variables Included The database is composed of one main data table containing the abundance records and 11 metadata tables. The data are organised in a hierarchy of scales where 11,989,233 records are nested in 1,603,067 sample events, from 553,253 sampling locations, which are nested in 708 studies. A study is defined as a sampling methodology applied to an assemblage for a minimum of 2 years. Spatial Location and Grain Sampling locations in BioTIME are distributed across the planet, including marine, terrestrial and freshwater realms. Spatial grain size and extent vary across studies depending on sampling methodology. We recommend gridding of sampling locations into areas of consistent size. Time Period and Grain The earliest time series in BioTIME start in 1874, and the most recent records are from 2023. Temporal grain and duration vary across studies. We recommend doing sample‐level rarefaction to ensure consistent sampling effort through time before calculating any diversity metric. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement The database includes any eukaryotic taxa, with a combined total of 56,400 taxa. Software Format csv and. SQL.

Worldwide Soundscapes: A Synthesis of Passive Acoustic Monitoring Across Realms - Kevin F. A. Darras; Rodney A. Rountree; Steven L. Van Wilgenburg; Anna F. Cord; Frederik Pitz; Youfang Chen; Lijun Dong; Agnès Rocquencourt; Camille Desjonquères; Patrick Mauritz Diaz; Tzu‐Hao Lin; Théophile Turco; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Aim The urgency for remote, reliable and scalable biodiversity monitoring amidst mounting human pressures on ecosystems has sparked worldwide interest in Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM), which can track life underwater and on land. However, we lack a unified methodology to report this sampling effort and a comprehensive overview of PAM coverage to gauge its potential as a global research and monitoring tool. To address this gap, we created the Worldwide Soundscapes project, a collaborative network and growing database comprising metadata from 416 datasets across all realms (terrestrial, marine, freshwater and subterranean). Location Worldwide, 12,343 sites, all ecosystem types. Time Period 1991 to present. Major Taxa Studied All soniferous taxa. Methods We synthesise sampling coverage across spatial, temporal and ecological scales using metadata describing sampling locations, deployment schedules, focal taxa and audio recording parameters. We explore global trends in biological, anthropogenic and geophysical sounds based on 168 selected recordings from 12 ecosystems across all realms. Results Terrestrial sampling is spatially denser (46 sites per million square kilometre—Mkm 2 ) than aquatic sampling (0.3 and 1.8 sites/Mkm 2 in oceans and fresh water) with only two subterranean datasets. Although diel and lunar cycles are well sampled across realms, only marine datasets (55%) comprehensively sample all seasons. Across the 12 ecosystems selected for exploring global acoustic trends, biological sounds showed contrasting diel patterns across ecosystems, declined with distance from the Equator, and were negatively correlated with anthropogenic sounds. Main Conclusions PAM can inform macroecological studies as well as global conservation and phenology syntheses, but representation can be improved by expanding terrestrial taxonomic scope, sampling coverage in the high seas and subterranean ecosystems, and spatio‐temporal replication in freshwater habitats. Overall, this worldwide PAM network holds promise to support cross‐realm biodiversity research and monitoring efforts.

Differential effects of nutrients and consumer pressure on sympatric cryptic coral species ( Pocillopora spp.) - Scott C. Burgess; Kelly E. Speare; Rowan H. McLachlan; Erika C. Johnston; Thomas C. Adam; Rebecca Vega Thurber; Deron E. Burkepile (Ecology, 2025)
Cryptic species (evolutionarily distinct lineages that do not align with morphologically defined species) are being increasingly discovered but are poorly integrated into ecological theory. In particular, we still lack a useful understanding of if and how cryptic species differ in ways that affect community recovery from disturbances and responses to anthropogenic stressors, such as the removal of consumers and pollution from nutrients. On coral reefs, nutrient pollution increases the growth of macroalgae that displace corals. Reductions in herbivorous fishes reduce the suppression of macroalgae, while reductions in coralivorous fishes reduce predation on corals. An unresolved question is if and how cryptic coral species respond differently to these impacts, thereby differing in their ability to influence coral community dynamics and maintain coral dominance. Therefore, we assessed how the response of cryptic Pocillopora species over a period of three years following a simulated disturbance from a cyclone depended on the experimental reduction of fish consumer pressure and nutrient addition. After three years, five morphologically cryptic, but genetically distinct, Pocillopora species recruited to the reef. However, recruitment was dominated by two species: Pocillopora tuahiniensis (46%) and Pocillopora meandrina (43%). Under ambient conditions, recruitment of P. tuahiniensis and P. meandrina was similar, but experimentally reducing consumer pressure increased recruitment of P. tuahiniensis by up to 73% and reduced recruitment of P. meandrina by up to 49%. In both species, nutrient enrichment increased recruitment and colony growth rates equally, but colonies of P. tuahiniensis grew faster and were up to 25% larger after three years than those of P. meandrina, and growth was unaffected by reduced consumer pressure. Predation by excavating corallivorous fish was higher for P. meandrina than for P. tuahiniensis , especially under nutrient enrichment. In contrast, polyp extension (an indicator of elevated heterotrophic feeding as well as susceptibility and attractiveness to corallivores) was lower for P. meandrina than for P. tuahiniensis , especially under low to medium consumer pressure. Overall, we uncovered ecological differences in the response of morphologically cryptic foundation species to two pervasive stressors on coral reefs. Our results demonstrate how cryptic species respond differently to key anthropogenic stressors, which may contribute to response diversity that can support ecological resilience or increase extinction risk.

Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learning - Marthe Mieling; Mushfa Yousuf; Nico Bunzeck; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; Susan Landau; Monica Rivera-Mindt; Leslie M. Shaw; Edward B. Lee; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD dementia patients. Features included structural MRI, CSF status, demographics, and genetic data. Analyses comprised one cross-sectional multi-class classification (CN vs. MCI vs. AD dementia, n = 568) and two longitudinal binary-class classifications (CN-to-MCI converters vs. CN stable, n = 92; MCI-to-AD converters vs. MCI stable, n = 378). All classifications achieved 70–77% accuracy and 61–83% precision. Key features were CSF status, hippocampal volume, entorhinal thickness, and amygdala volume, with a clear dissociation: hippocampal properties contributed to the conversion to MCI, while the entorhinal cortex characterized the conversion to AD dementia. The findings highlight explainable, trajectory-specific insights into AD progression.

Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Novel Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 Inhibitors in Microglia - Yi Ling Low; Ethan Kreutzer; Indu R. Chandrashekaran; Luke A. Adams; Jason Pun; Bradley C. Doak; Yijun Pan; Jennifer L. Short; Martin J. Scanlon; Joseph A. Nicolazzo (Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, 2025)
Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a key lipid binding protein expressed in microglia, which has been demonstrated to play a critical role in microglial-mediated neuroinflammation, a component of many neurodegenerative diseases. Compounds able to inhibit the function of FABP4 have shown promise in reducing microglial-mediated neuroinflammation, however, their physicochemical properties would prevent their ability to be easily formulated and traverse the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in order to access microglial FABP4. To this end, this study assessed the ability of a series of FABP4 inhibitors, with more desirable physicochemical properties, to attenuate microglial inflammation in an in vitro setting. Four inhibitors with varying affinity to FABP4, as measured by isothermal titration calorimetry (MFP-0011462, MFP-0012314, MFP-0012318, and MFP-0012328), were assessed for their ability to induce toxicity and attenuate reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) release from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV-2 microglia. All FABP4 inhibitors were determined to be soluble in the aqueous buffers at the highest concentration used in the assays (100 µM). Isothermal titration calorimetry demonstrated that the compounds had varying affinities for FABP4 (K D values of 316 nM to > 100 µM). The ability of FABP4 inhibitors to reduce LPS-mediated ROS production aligned with their K D for FABP4, with the most effective inhibitor (MFP-0012328) also able to reduce TNF-α production (by RT-qPCR) and TNF-α release from LPS-activated BV-2 cells by 17% and 25%, respectively. These studies have demonstrated that a series of FABP4 inhibitors with more appropriate physicochemical properties for BBB penetration are able to reduce microglial-mediated inflammation, which may be of benefit in diseases where overactivation of microglia leads to neurodegeneration.

Conserving cross-realm coastal biodiversity when real-world planning and implementation processes split the land and sea - Linda R. Harris; Lara van Niekerk; Stephen D. Holness; Kerry J. Sink; Andrew L. Skowno; Anisha Dayaram; Heidi van Deventer; Nancy Job; Stephen J. Lamberth; Janine B. Adams; Jacqueline L. Raw; Taryn Riddin; et al. (Ocean & Coastal Management, 2025)

Systemic toxicity after rattlesnake envenomation in patients using angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: A North American Snakebite Registry study - A.M. Ruha; M.B. Spyres; R. Culbreth; B. Wolk; C. Hoyte; S. Campleman; Peter Akpunonu; Adam Algren; Alexandra Amaducci; Sukhshant Atti; Connie Aubin; Kevin Baumgartner; et al. (Toxicon, 2025)

Voxel-wise insights into early Alzheimer’s disease pathology progression: the association with APOE and memory decline - Maha Wybitul; Nicolas Langer; Christoph Hock; Anton Gietl; Valerie Treyer; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald-Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; John Q. Trojanowski; Arthur W. Toga; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)
Longitudinal investigation of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype’s impact on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarker progression, focusing on amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation and gray matter (GM) atrophy, integrating cognitive decline and baseline levels. Longitudinal florbetapir-PET and T1-weighted MRI data from 100 cognitively normal (CN) and mild cognitive impaired (MCI) participants both with considerable global Aβ accumulation (“high Aβ accumulators”) were analyzed using a voxel-wise approach. Associations of APOE genotype and memory decline with Aβ accumulation and GM atrophy were examined separately for each neuroimaging modality, controlling for baseline Aβ levels and diagnosis. Alternatively, the effect of baseline diagnosis, while controlling for memory decline, was investigated. A multimodal analysis evaluated interactions between genotype, memory decline, and GM atrophy on Aβ accumulation. High Aβ accumulators displayed extensive Aβ pathology predominantly in the medial orbito-frontal cortex, cingulate cortex, and precuneus, along with GM atrophy in temporal, occipital, orbito-frontal, and parietal areas. ɛ4 carriers with memory decline exhibited greater Aβ accumulation and GM atrophy in selective regions compared to non-carriers with memory decline, while no genotype difference was observed in individuals without decline. No interaction effect was observed for MCI diagnosis. Regional associations between the two biomarkers were similarly dependent on genotype and memory decline. ɛ4 carriers exhibiting memory decline present an accelerated neurobiological pattern at predementia stages, supporting early ɛ4 carrier monitoring and interventions in this at-risk group. Importantly, memory decline might be more informative than MCI regarding AD pathology progression emphasizing the importance of repeated cognitive assessments.

Relating cortical morphology, corticospinal excitability, corticomotor representation, and quadriceps strength after anterior cruciate ligament injury - Maria C. Canino; Nicholas Arvin; Zechariah Nachazel; James J. Irrgang; Adam Popchak; Volker Musahl; Adam J. Sterczala; Shawn D. Flanagan (Experimental Brain Research, 2025)

Accounting for the biodiversity benefits of woody plantings in agricultural landscapes: A global meta-analysis - Suzanne M. Prober; Adam C. Liedloff; Jacqueline R. England; Karel Mokany; Sue Ogilvy; Anna E. Richards (Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2025)

Consilience in practice: social–ecological dynamics of the Lake Volvi region (Greece) during the last two millennia - Lucrezia Masci; Georgios C. Liakopoulos; Raphael Gromig; Elias Kolovos; Katerina Kouli; Matthias Moros; Laura Sadori; Alexander Sarantis; Philip Slavin; Jakub Sypiański; Georgios Vidras; Cristiano Vignola; et al. (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2025)
The Lake Volvi area, part of the region of Macedonia (northern Greece), is a biodiversity hotspot, located in the central part of a major communication corridor connecting the western and eastern parts of the Balkans. The sediment succession from Lake Volvi is investigated here to provide a unique high‐resolution pollen and geochemical record for the last 2000 years combining palaeoecological and historical methods, implementing the concept of consilience. The palaeoecological data document the environmental dynamics since the occupation of the area by the Romans. The vegetation changes reveal the development of wetland habitats and the variations of the mixed deciduous oak and thermophilous–mesophilous forests, as well as cereal cultivation, grazing and arboriculture, whose intensity varied over time. Archaeological data are available for the 1st millennium ce , but detailed historical evidence becomes accessible from the 13th century ce onwards through Byzantine and Ottoman documents. Both historical and palaeoecological data indicate that the 16th century was the period of strongest population pressure on the environment of the Volvi region. However, for other periods, it is possible to observe disagreements between the proxies. We demonstrate that these contradictions can be resolved with a more complex understanding of the region's social–ecological dynamics.

Nature’s role in residential development: Identifying leverage points for climate change planning in Ontario, Canada - Adam Skoyles; Michael Drescher; Dawn C. Parker; Derek T. Robinson (Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2025)

The comparative thermal experience of young and old pedestrians in urban green spaces and in densely built areas - Zheng Tan; George Christopoulos; Adam C. Roberts; Guancong Ren; Wanlu Ouyang; Kathy Lo; Clement Ho (Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2025)

Safety and immunogenicity of a sarcoid vaccine in horses - O. Jacob; B. Hause; K. Peters-Smith; E.N. Adam; A.E. Page; C. Floyd; C. Tucker; L.G. Eertink; D. Wang; F. Li (Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2025)

Prenatal ozone exposure and child lung function: Exploring effect modification by oxidative balance score - Logan C. Dearborn; Marnie F. Hazlehurst; Melissa M. Melough; Adam A. Szpiro; Allison R. Sherris; Margaret A. Adgent; Yu Ni; Rosalind J. Wright; Neeta Thakur; Nicole R. Bush; Paul E. Moore; Christine T. Loftus; et al. (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2025)

Experimental metasomatic incorporation of sulfur into fluorapatite as a function of coupled substitutions involving sodium, silicon, iron, and cerium - Daniel E. Harlov; Justin Casaus; Brian A. Konecke; Adam C. Simon (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2025)

Evaluating the Long-Term Efficacy of Breakwaters in Stabilizing Fringing Spartina alterniflora Marshes - Adam C. Siders; Gillian Palino; Sara Martin; Megan Chevis; Jaden Akers; Nigel A. Temple; Eric Sparks (Estuaries and Coasts, 2025)

A hierarchical model for eDNA fate and transport dynamics accommodating low concentration samples - Ben C. Augustine; Patrick R. Hutchins; Devin N. Jones; Jacob R. Williams; Eric Leinonen; Adam J. Sepulveda (Environmental and Ecological Statistics, 2025)

Crown complementarity rather than crown selection contributes to stem complementarity in genetic mixtures of Pinus taeda L - David R. Carter; Timothy J. Albaugh; Matthew Sumnall; Jake J. Grossman; Otávio C. Campoe; Rachel L. Cook; Rafael A. Rubilar; Chris A. Maier; T. Adam Coates; Julia DeFeo; Grady J. Boyle; Megan Van Spanje (Acta Oecologica, 2025)

Using global occurrence data to predict suitable habitats for widely distributed marine species in data-scarce regions - Agustín M. De Wysiecki; Adam Barnett; Noela Sánchez-Carnero; Federico Cortés; Andrés C. Milessi; Gastón A. Trobbiani; Andrés J. Jaureguizar (Biodiversity and Conservation, 2025)
This study addresses the challenge of advancing habitat use knowledge of widely distributed marine species populations when regional data is scarce. We use an approach based on ecological niche models (ENMs) calibrated with global presence data to estimate the global niche of species, enabling indirect predictions of suitable habitats and potential distribution in one or more regions of interest. The method leverages a range of global occurrence records, including scientific papers, government data, biodiversity repositories, and citizen science contributions, to overcome regional data scarcity, which are then integrated with environmental variables to predict habitat suitability. As a case study, we apply this method to predict suitable habitats of copper ( Carcharhinus brachyurus ) and sand tiger ( Carcharias taurus ) sharks in the Southwest Atlantic, two species of conservation concern in a region with limited data. Suitable habitats for both species were predicted, providing critical information for guiding conservation efforts. Environmental factors (i.e., bottom temperature, distance to the coast, and surface temperature) were key to shaping predicted distribution patterns of these large predatory sharks, aligning with previous knowledge and historical records of their latitudinal ranges. The results have implications for conservation planning and sustainable management of shark populations in the Southwest Atlantic, contributing to broader efforts in marine biodiversity conservation. Additionally, the study highlights the potential of ENMs to identify essential habitats even in the absence of effort data, underscoring their value in marine conservation. This study advances the use of niche modelling in marine systems and demonstrates its applicability for area-based conservation initiatives, particularly in data-poor regions.

The Erosion of Threatened Southern Mountain Caribou Migration - Clayton T. Lamb; Robin Steenweg; Robert Serrouya; Dave Hervieux; R. Scott McNay; Douglas C. Heard; Bruce N. McLellan; Carolyn Shores; Eric Palm; Line Giguere; Jake Hubner; Jean Polfus; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2025)
Migration enables animals to access seasonally and spatially varying resources, resulting in greater abundance compared to analogous non‐migratory wildlife. Both Western science and Indigenous knowledge recognize the critical role of migration in sustaining wildlife; yet these movements are increasingly disrupted by human activity worldwide. Despite their importance, long‐term changes in migratory patterns for large mammals remain challenging to quantify. Therefore, to address this gap, we analyzed 35 years (1987–2022) of telemetry data for southern mountain caribou ( n = 2967 animal‐years), a threatened population that typically exhibits two main types of annual migration. The first type is a single horizontal migration between summer and winter ranges, while the second is a twice‐per‐year vertical migration between high and low elevations. We studied the extent and type of migration, changes through time, and determined if these changes correlated with landscape disturbance or shifts in weather. Our results show that caribou reduced their migratory duration (2–3 days/decade), distance (6–8 km/decade or 15%–25%) and elevation change (120–150 m/decade or 7%–23% for elevational migrants). The subpopulations of caribou adapted to extreme snow depths conducted a unique elevational migration twice a year, which is globally distinctive among ungulates. However, this elevational migration is diminishing in distance and elevation. The changes in elevational and horizontal migration correlated with increased human disturbance, especially of low‐elevation winter ranges. Changes in weather did not appear to be a major driver of the migratory declines. Declines in migratory behaviour occurred concomitantly with population declines and increases in disturbance, and these processes are likely intertwined. The rapid loss of these unique migrations is a significant conservation concern that could have irreversible consequences for the social transmission of fitness‐maximizing behaviors.

Rapid Zooplankton Assessment: Evaluating a Tool for Ecosystem‐Based Fisheries Management in the Large Marine Ecosystems of Alaska - David G. Kimmel; Deana C. Crouser; Colleen E. Harpold; Jesse F. Lamb; Adam H. Spear (Fisheries Oceanography, 2025)
Ecosystem‐based fisheries management (EBFM) remains an aspirational goal for management throughout the world. One of the primary limitations of EBFM is the incorporation of basic lower trophic level information, particularly for zooplankton, despite the importance of zooplankton to fish. The generation of zooplankton abundance estimates requires significant time and expertise to generate. The rapid zooplankton assessment (RZA) is introduced as a tool whereby nontaxonomic experts may produce rapid zooplankton counts shipboard that can be applied to management in near real time. Zooplankton are rapidly counted shipboard and placed into three broad groups of zooplankton relevant to higher trophic levels: large copepods (> 2 mm), small copepods ( R 2 = 0.80) and euphausiids (Bayes R 2 = 0.84). These factors also improved the fit for small copepods when the fixed effect of season was also included (Bayes R 2 = 0.65). Additional RZA data were used to predict laboratory‐processed abundances for each zooplankton category and the results were consistent with model training data: large copepods (Bayes R 2 = 0.80), small copepods (Bayes R 2 = 0.64), and euphausiids (Bayes R 2 = 0.88). The Bayesian models were therefore able to predict laboratory‐processed abundances with an associated error when accounting for these fixed and random effects. To demonstrate the utility of zooplankton data in management, zooplankton time series from the Bering Sea shelf were shown to vary in relation to warm and cold conditions. This variability impacted commercially important fish, notably Walleye Pollock ( Gadus chalcogrammus ), and these time series were used by managers using a risk table approach. The RZA method provides a rapid zooplankton population estimation in near real time that can be applied to the management process quickly, thus helping to fill a gap in EBFM.

Assessing survey design changes of long-term fishery-independent groundfish trawl surveys in the Gulf of Mexico - Adam G. Pollack; Eric R. Hoffmayer; Theodore S. Switzer; David S. Hanisko; Jill M. Hendon; John Mareska; Fernando Martinez-Andrade; Jeff Rester; Zachary C. Zuckerman; Gilmore Pellegrin (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2025)
Long-term fishery-independent surveys provide a wealth of information on fisheries stocks that inform stock assessments. One of the strengths of these surveys is that the design and methods are consistent through time. However, maintaining an unchanged time series can pose several potential issues as management needs change resulting in the need to alter either the survey design or its spatial extent. In the United States Gulf of Mexico, bottom trawl surveys targeting groundfish and shrimp (hereafter, groundfish surveys) have been conducted since the 1950s, with standardized surveys beginning in 1972. The resulting data can provide a great deal of information on commercially and recreationally important species. However, many of the alterations to the survey design have been buried in gray literature or otherwise poorly noted. The history of these surveys is discussed, along with the rationale behind these changes and the impacts they had on stock assessments in the region. Starting in 1981, the Southeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program began groundfish surveys, continuing the time series. Over time, the survey’s spatial extent and design have been altered to meet changing management needs. Delta-lognormal models are used to draw inferences concerning the effects of the survey design change on the relative abundance and their associated coefficients of variation for several commercially and recreationally important species. The expansion of the surveys across the Gulf of Mexico is examined in relation to stock assessments. Overall, the design changes and spatial expansion have been beneficial from a stock assessment standpoint, resulting in an increase in the number of indices used for single-species stock assessments and the utility of survey data in support of ecosystem modeling efforts. Finally, a discussion around the lesson learned (i.e., the critical need for overlap of survey designs), emphasizing the potential impacts of these changes on the overall time series concerning stock assessments, is presented.

Cultured and molecular measures of fecal indicator microbes in Gulf of Mexico recreational waters - Julie Kelleher; Mike Cyterski; Brian R. McMinn; Stephanie Dean; Adin C. Pemberton; Jessica R. Willis; Adam Diedrich; Seth McWhorter; Richard A. Haugland; Orin C. Shanks; Asja Korajkic (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Fluid-mineral titanium isotope fractionation: Computational and empirical results with implications for mineral deposits - Christopher Emproto; Ryan Mathur; Mingguang Sun; Adam C. Simon; Linda Godfrey (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2025)

Corrigendum to “Troubled waters in the land down under: Pervasive threats and high extinction risks demand urgent conservation actions to protect Australia's native freshwater fishes” [Biol. Conserv. 300 (2024), 110843] - Mark Lintermans; Maiko Lutz; Nick S. Whiterod; Bernd Gruber; Michael P. Hammer; Mark J. Kennard; David L. Morgan; Tarmo A. Raadik; Peter Unmack; Steven Brooks; Brendan C. Ebner; Dean Gilligan; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2025)