Vertebrates in trade that pose high invasion risk to the United States - Wesley M. Daniel; Helen R. Sofaer; Catherine S. Jarnevich; Richard A. Erickson; Brett A. DeGregorio; Peder S. Engelstad; Jonathan Freedman; Susan Canavan; E.M. Dean; Michael J. Adams; Charmayne L. Anderson; Mindy Barnett; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2025)

EuPPollNet : A European Database of Plant‐Pollinator Networks - Jose B. Lanuza; Tiffany M. Knight; Nerea Montes‐Perez; Will Glenny; Paola Acuña; Matthias Albrecht; Maddi Artamendi; Isabelle Badenhausser; Joanne M. Bennett; Paolo Biella; Ricardo Bommarco; Andree Cappellari; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Motivation Pollinators play a crucial role in maintaining Earth's terrestrial biodiversity. However, rapid human‐induced environmental changes are compromising the long‐term persistence of plant‐pollinator interactions. Unfortunately, we lack robust, generalisable data capturing how plant‐pollinator communities are structured across space and time. Here, we present the EuPPollNet (European Plant‐Pollinator Networks) database, a fully open European‐level database containing harmonised taxonomic data on plant‐pollinator interactions referenced in both space and time, along with other ecological variables of interest. In addition, we evaluate the taxonomic and sampling coverage of EuPPollNet, and summarise key structural properties in plant‐pollinator networks. We believe EuPPollNet will stimulate research to address data gaps in plant‐pollinator interactions and guide future efforts in conservation planning. Main Types of Variables Included EuPPollNet contains 1,162,109 interactions between plants and pollinators from 1864 distinct networks, which belong to 52 different studies distributed across 23 European countries. Information about sampling methodology, habitat type, biogeographic region and additional taxonomic rank information (i.e. order, family, genus and species) is also provided. Spatial Location and Grain The database contains 1214 different sampling locations from 13 different natural and anthropogenic habitats that fall in 7 different biogeographic regions. All records are geo‐referenced and presented in the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84). Time Period and Grain Species interaction data was collected between 2004 and 2021. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement The database contains interaction data at the species level for 94% of the records, including a total of 1411 plant and 2223 pollinator species. The database includes data on 6% of the European species of flowering plants, 34% of bees, 26% of butterflies and 33% of syrphid species at the European level. Software Format The database was built with R and is stored in ‘.rds’ and ‘.csv’ formats. Its construction is fully reproducible and can be accessed at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14747448 .

Dynamic proportional loss of functional connectivity revealed change of left superior frontal gyrus in subjective cognitive decline: an explanatory study based on Chinese and Western cohorts - Luyao Wang; Wenjing Hu; Fan Dong; Can Sheng; Jinglong Wu; Ying Han; Jiehui Jiang; Michael W. Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)

Associations between physical activity, brain health, cognitive function, and circulating GPLD1 in healthy older (65–85 years) individuals - Kara L. Marlatt; Adam C. Lowe; Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado; Robbie A. Beyl; Matthew K. Viverito; Jeffrey N. Keller; Owen T. Carmichael; Eric Ravussin (GeroScience, 2025)

Impacts of survey design on a Gulf of Mexico bottom longline survey and the transition to a unified, stratified - random design - Jill M. Hendon; Eric R. Hoffmayer; Adam G. Pollack; John Mareska; Fernando Martinez-Andrade; Jeff Rester; Theodore S. Switzer; Zachary C. Zuckerman (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2025)
The Southeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program (SEAMAP) Bottom Longline (BLL) survey was established to provide a nearshore complement to the offshore National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) BLL survey. SEAMAP state partners (i.e., Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama) used identical gear and sampling protocol to NMFS; however, temporal window, sampling universe, sampling frequency, and station selection were determined independently by each state based on available resources and capabilities. Although each state collected high quality data, the lack of a unified design complicated the efforts to combine state partner data to develop an index of abundance for stock assessment purposes. To improve the value of the survey and prioritize the quality and utility of the resultant data, the SEAMAP BLL survey was modified to implement a unified design that included consistency in spatial coverage and sampling frequency, and proportional allocation of sampling effort. Data from the early (2008-2014) and modified (2015-2021) SEAMAP BLL surveys, and from the modified SEAMAP and NMFS surveys were compared to determine the effects of this unified design on data precision. Overall catch composition slightly differed between the early and modified SEAMAP BLL surveys; however, taxa with declined abundance under the modified SEAMAP BLL survey were adequately sampled by the complementary NMFS BLL survey. Size composition was compared for three managed species. The size composition of Atlantic Sharpnose Sharks and Blacktip Sharks differed significantly between the modified SEAMAP BLL survey and the NMFS BLL survey, indicating that the modified survey is indeed providing complementary data. Further, implementing the modified design reduced the coefficient of variation for the indices of abundance for both Blacktip Sharks and Red Drum. The evolution of this survey highlights the benefit of unifying survey designs that build upon existing efforts to enhance the utility of survey data for multiple applications.

Leaving the niche: Recommendations for mainstreaming Low Trophic Aquaculture in countries around the Atlantic basin - Paul Tett; George Charalambides; Sofia C. Franco; Adam D. Hughes; Eirik Mikkelsen; Kåre Nolde Nielsen; Eric Arthur Bastos Routledge; Pernille Nielsen; Philip James (Marine Policy, 2025)

Fatty acid carbon isotopes as tracers of trophic structure and contaminant biomagnification in Arctic marine food webs - Adam F. Pedersen; Aaron T. Fisk; Bailey C. McMeans; Rune Dietz; Christian Sonne; Aqqalu Rosing-Asvid; Steven H. Ferguson; Melissa A. McKinney (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Association between training methods and owner-reported problem behaviours in dogs enrolled in the ‘Generation Pup’ longitudinal study in the UK - Sara C. Owczarczak-Garstecka; Rachel A. Casey; Ben Cooper; Rosa E.P. Da Costa; Rachel H. Kinsman; Michelle S. Lord; Séverine Tasker; Adam Williams; Jane K. Murray (Journal of Veterinary Behavior, 2025)

Radiative signatures of circumplanetary disks and envelopes during the late stages of giant planet formation - Aster G. Taylor; Fred C. Adams (Icarus, 2025)

Long-term soil nutrient and understory plant responses to post-fire rehabilitation in a lodgepole pine forest - Sophia Kaiser; Timothy S. Fegel; David M. Barnard; Adam L. Mahood; Kya Sparks; Kaela K. Amundson; Michael J. Wilkins; Charles C. Rhoades (Forest Ecology and Management, 2025)

Examining disparities in PFAS plasma concentrations: Impact of drinking water contamination, food access, proximity to industrial facilities and superfund sites - Shiwen Li; Jesse A. Goodrich; Elizabeth Costello; Douglas I. Walker; Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez; Jiawen Carmen Chen; Tanya L. Alderete; Damaskini Valvi; Sarah Rock; Sandrah P. Eckel; Rob McConnell; Frank D. Gilliland; et al. (Environmental Research, 2025)

Corrigendum to “BCL-3 loss sensitises colorectal cancer cells to DNA damage by targeting homologous recombination” [DNA Repair 115 (2022) 103331] - Christopher Parker; Adam C. Chambers; Dustin J. Flanagan; Jasmine Wing Yu Ho; Tracey J. Collard; Greg Ngo; Duncan M. Baird; Penny Timms; Rhys G. Morgan; Owen J. Sansom; Ann C. Williams (DNA Repair, 2025)

Human recreation influences activity of a large carnivore in an urban landscape - Ellen C. Bolas; Adam D. Pingatore; Maya Mathur; Daniel T. Blumstein; Jeff A. Sikich; Justine A. Smith; John F. Benson; Seth P.D. Riley; Rachel V. Blakey (Biological Conservation, 2025)

Exploring the potential of root-associated bacteria to control an outbreak weed - Xiangyu Liu; Klaas Vrieling; Sofia I. F. Gomes; Adam Ossowicki; Suzanne T. E. Lommen; Matthijs C. H. van der Drift; Froukje A. Zwart; Lennert Sake Ekas; Tiago X. Mascarenhas de Sousa; Özlem Erol; T. Martijn Bezemer (Plant and Soil, 2025)
Aims The spread of invasive weeds threatens biodiversity and stability of ecosystems. Jacobaea vulgaris is an invasive weed in some countries and an outbreak species in its native European range. Although biological control using specialist herbivores is available, controlling with soil microorganisms remains far less explored. Methods Twenty bacteria strains isolated from roots of J. vulgaris were used to examine bacterial effects on seed germination, root morphology and early plant growth. Moreover, we tested direct effects of the bacteria on a specialist herbivore of J. vulgaris , the leaf chewing caterpillar ( Tyria jacobaeae ), commonly used in biocontrol. We also tested indirect effects of bacteria, via the plant, on the performance of T. jacobaeae and the aphid species Aphis jacobaeae . Lastly, we examined the host specificity of two tested bacteria on three other forbs. Results Two Gammaproteobacteria, Pseudomonas brassicacearum and Serratia plymuthica , significantly reduced root growth of seedlings in-vitro, while seed germination was unaffected. However, these negative effects were observed across other forb species as well. Bacillus spp. injection led to the highest T. jacobaeae caterpillar mortality, while ingestion had no effect. Inoculation of the plants with bacteria did not affect aphid performance, but significantly affected T. jacobaeae preference. Specifically, P. syringae and one Bacillus sp. strain significantly increased T. jacobaeae preference. Conclusions Our results show that two root-associated bacteria inhibit J. vulgaris growth, but their lack of host specificity restricts their potential for biocontrol. Our study also highlights that belowground microorganisms can hamper or enhance the performance of aboveground insects.

Correction: Seasonal forecasting of the European North-West shelf seas: limits of winter and summer sea surface temperature predictability - Jamie R. C. Atkins; Jonathan Tinker; Jennifer A. Graham; Adam A. Scaife; Paul R. Halloran (Climate Dynamics, 2025)

Minimum information for reporting on the TEER (trans-epithelial/endothelial electrical resistance) assay (MIRTA) - Monita Sharma; Erin Huber; Emma Arnesdotter; Holger P. Behrsing; Adam Bettmann; David Brandwein; Samuel Constant; Rahul Date; Abhay Deshpande; Eric Fabian; Amit Gupta; Robert Gutierrez; et al. (Archives of Toxicology, 2025)
Standard information reporting helps to ensure that assay conditions and data are consistently reported and to facilitate inter-laboratory comparisons. Here, we present recommendations on minimum information for reporting on the TEER (trans-epithelial/endothelial electrical resistance) assay (MIRTA). The TEER assay is extensively used to evaluate the health of an epithelial/endothelial cell culture model and as an indicator of the potential toxicity of a test substance. This publication is the result of an international collaboration─called the RespTox (Respiratory Toxicity) Collaborative─through which twelve laboratories shared their protocols for assessing the barrier function of respiratory epithelial cells using the TEER assay following exposure to substances. The protocols from each laboratory were reviewed to identify general steps for performing the TEER assay, interlaboratory differences between steps, the rationale for differences, whether these differences impact results or cross-laboratory comparisons between TEER measurements. While the MIRTA recommendations are focused on respiratory epithelial cell systems, these recommendations can be adapted for other cell systems that form barriers. The use of these recommendations will support data transparency and reproducibility, reduce challenges in data interpretation, enable cross-laboratory comparisons, help assess study quality, and facilitate the incorporation of the TEER assay into national and international testing guidance.

SNAPSHOT USA 2019–2023: The First Five Years of Data From a Coordinated Camera Trap Survey of the United States - Brigit Rooney; Roland Kays; Michael V. Cove; Alex Jensen; Benjamin R. Goldstein; Christopher Pate; Paula Castiblanco; Maggie E. Abell; Jessie Adley; Briana Agenbroad; Adam A. Ahlers; Peter D. Alexander; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multicontributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of species interactions on daily activity patterns. Main Types of Variables Contained SNAPSHOT USA 2019–2023 contains 987,979 records of camera trap image sequence data and 9694 records of camera trap deployment metadata. Spatial Location and Grain Data were collected across the United States of America in all 50 states, 12 ecoregions and many ecosystems. Time Period and Grain Data were collected between 1st August and 29th December each year from 2019 to 2023. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement The dataset includes a wide range of taxa but is primarily focused on medium to large mammals. Software Format SNAPSHOT USA 2019–2023 comprises two .csv files. The original data can be found within the SNAPSHOT USA Initiative in the Wildlife Insights platform.

Land Use Change Consistently Reduces α‐ But Not β‐ and γ‐Diversity of Bees - Toby P. N. Tsang; A. A. Amado De Santis; Gabriela Armas‐Quiñonez; John S. Ascher; Eva Samanta Ávila‐Gómez; András Báldi; Kimberly M. Ballare; Mario V. Balzan; Weronika Banaszak‐Cibicka; Svenja Bänsch; Yves Basset; Adam J. Bates; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2025)
Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α‐diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e., γ‐diversity), either due to reduced β‐diversity amplifying diversity loss or increased β‐diversity dampening diversity loss. Additionally, studies often focus on taxonomic diversity, while other important biodiversity components, including phylogenetic diversity, can exhibit differential responses. Here, we evaluated how agricultural and urban land use alters the taxonomic and phylogenetic α‐, β‐, and γ‐diversity of an important pollinator taxon—bees. Using a multicontinental dataset of 3117 bee assemblages from 157 studies, we found that taxonomic α‐diversity was reduced by 16%–18% in both agricultural and urban habitats relative to natural habitats. Phylogenetic α‐diversity was decreased by 11%–12% in agricultural and urban habitats. Compared with natural habitats, taxonomic and phylogenetic β‐diversity increased by 11% and 6% in urban habitats, respectively, but exhibited no systematic change in agricultural habitats. We detected a 22% decline in taxonomic γ‐diversity and a 17% decline in phylogenetic γ‐diversity in agricultural habitats, but γ‐diversity of urban habitats was not significantly different from natural habitats. These findings highlight the threat of agricultural expansions to large‐scale bee diversity due to systematic γ‐diversity decline. In addition, while both urbanization and agriculture lead to consistent declines in α‐diversity, their impacts on β‐ or γ‐diversity vary, highlighting the need to study the effects of land use change at multiple scales.

Early life stage bottleneck determines rates of coral recovery following severe disturbance - Kelly E. Speare; Lauren N. Enright; Allison Aplin; Thomas C. Adam; Peter J. Edmunds; Deron E. Burkepile (Ecology, 2025)
Understanding how foundation species recover from disturbances is key for predicting the future of ecosystems in the Anthropocene. Coral reefs are dynamic ecosystems that can undergo rapid declines in coral abundance following disturbances. Understanding why some reefs recover quickly from these disturbances whereas others recover slowly (or not at all) gives insight into the drivers of community resilience. From 2006 to 2010 coral reefs on the fore reef of Moorea, French Polynesia, experienced severe disturbances that reduced coral cover from ~46% in 2005 to

Forest structure and tree diversity along an altitudinal gradient in Sikkim Himalaya - Mamta Chettri; Uttam Kumar Sahoo; Devendra Kumar; Faisal Ismail Musa; Ahmed Abdallah Adam Mohamed; Lalrempuii Hrahsel; P. C. Vanlalhluna (Vegetos, 2024)

The impact of airborne particulate matter-based pollution on the cellular and molecular mechanisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - Hudson C. Taylor-Blair; Alexander Chi Wang Siu; Adam Haysom-McDowell; Sofia Kokkinis; Ayeh Bani Saeid; Dinesh Kumar Chellappan; Brian G.G. Oliver; Keshav Raj Paudel; Gabriele De Rubis; Kamal Dua (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Sensitivity of snow magnitude and duration to hydrology model parameters - Bhupinderjeet Singh; Tanvir Ferdousi; John T. Abatzoglou; Samarth Swarup; Jennifer C. Adam; Kirti Rajagopalan (Journal of Hydrology, 2024)

An investigation of an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium infections linked to cantaloupe – United States, 2022 - Sharon Seelman Federman; Erin Jenkins; Cullen Wilson; Arturo DeLaGarza; Colin Schwensohn; Benjamin Schneider; Johnson Nsubuga; Robert Literman; Allison Wellman; Brooke M. Whitney; Rebecca L. Bell; Kerri Harris-Garner; et al. (Food Control, 2024)

Troubled waters in the land down under: Pervasive threats and high extinction risks demand urgent conservation actions to protect Australia's native freshwater fishes - Mark Lintermans; Maiko Lutz; Nick S. Whiterod; Bernd Gruber; Michael P. Hammer; Mark J. Kennard; David L. Morgan; Tarmo A. Raadik; Peter Unmack; Steven Brooks; Brendan C. Ebner; Dean Gilligan; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2024)

The mouse metabolic phenotyping center (MMPC) live consortium: an NIH resource for in vivo characterization of mouse models of diabetes and obesity - Maren Laughlin; Richard McIndoe; Sean H. Adams; Renee Araiza; Julio E. Ayala; Lucy Kennedy; Louise Lanoue; Louise Lantier; James Macy; Eann Malabanan; Owen P. McGuinness; Rachel Perry; et al. (Mammalian Genome, 2024)
The Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center (MMPC) Live Program was established in 2023 by the National Institute for Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to advance biomedical research by providing the scientific community with standardized, high quality phenotyping services for mouse models of diabetes and obesity. Emerging as the next iteration of the MMPC Program which served the biomedical research community for 20 years (2001–2021), MMPC Live is designed as an outwardly-facing consortium of service cores that collaborate to provide reduced-cost consultation and metabolic, physiologic, and behavioral phenotyping tests on live mice for U.S. biomedical researchers. Four MMPC Live Centers located at universities around the country perform complex and often unique procedures in vivo on a fee for service basis, typically on mice shipped from the client or directly from a repository or vendor. Current areas of expertise include energy balance and body composition, insulin action and secretion, whole body carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, cardiovascular and renal function, food intake and behavior, microbiome and xenometabolism, and metabolic pathway kinetics. Additionally, an opportunity arose to reduce barriers to access and expand the diversity of the biomedical research workforce by establishing the VIBRANT Program. Directed at researchers historically underrepresented in the biomedical sciences, VIBRANT-eligible investigators have access to testing services, travel and career development awards, expert advice and experimental design consultation, and short internships to learn test technologies. Data derived from experiments run by the Centers belongs to the researchers submitting mice for testing which can be made publicly available and accessible from the MMPC Live database following publication. In addition to services, MMPC Live staff provide expertise and advice to researchers, develop and refine test protocols, engage in outreach activities, publish scientific and technical papers, and conduct educational workshops and training sessions to aid researchers in unraveling the heterogeneity of diabetes and obesity.

Acute inorganic nitrate ingestion does not impact oral microbial composition, cognitive function, or high-intensity exercise performance in female team-sport athletes - Rachel Tan; Courtney Merrill; Chandler F. Riley; Maya A. Hammer; Ryan T. Kenney; Alyssa A. Riley; Jeffrey Li; Alexandra C. Zink; Sean T. Karl; Katherine M. Price; Luka K. Sharabidze; Samantha N. Rowland; et al. (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2024)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute nitrate (NO 3 − )-rich beetroot juice ingestion on explosive and high-intensity exercise performance, oral microbiota composition, and cognitive flexibility (i.e., function), before and after maximal intermittent running exercise. Fifteen women team-sport athletes were assigned in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design to consume concentrated NO 3 – -depleted beetroot juice (PL; 0.1 mmol NO 3 − ) and NO 3 − -rich beetroot juice (BR; 12.0 mmol NO 3 − ) 2.5 h prior to performing a battery of exercise performance tasks and cognitive testing before and after the Yo–Yo intermittent recovery level 1 (YYIR1) running test. Resting plasma [NO 3 − ] and plasma nitrite ([NO 2 − ]) were elevated following BR ( P < 0.001). BR did not impact global composition or relative abundance of taxa in the oral microbiome ( P > 0.05) or cognitive flexibility before or after exercise ( P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in performance during 20-m (PRE, PL: 4.38 ± 0.27 vs. BR: 4.38 ± 0.32 s; POST, PL: 4.45 ± 0.29 vs. BR: 4.43 ± 0.35 s) and 10-m sprints (PRE, PL 2.78 ± 0.15 vs. BR 2.79 ± 0.18 s; POST, PL: 2.82 ± 0.16 vs. BR: 2.81 ± 0.19 s), isokinetic handgrip dynamometry, medicine ball throw, horizontal countermovement jump, or YYIR1 (PL: 355 ± 163 m vs. BR: 368 ± 184 m) between BR and PL ( P > 0.05). These findings indicate that acute dietary NO 3 − may not influence the oral microbiome, explosive and high-intensity exercise performance, or cognitive function in women team-sport athletes.

Escaping the cohort of concern: in vitro experimental evidence supports non-mutagenicity of N-nitroso-hydrochlorothiazide - R. D. Gandhi; S. Hickert; Y. Hoevelmann; C. D. Mee; J. Schlingemann; A. Adams; A. Blanazs; S. Simon; J. Elloway; L. Rigger; A. Teasdale; C. V. Beaumont; et al. (Archives of Toxicology, 2024)

Comparative analysis of PM2.5 levels in various microenvironments associated with common cooking practices in selected Asian countries - Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh; Lai Nguyen Huy; Wiphada Maneepatra; Ekbordin Winijkul; Adam Giandomenico; Kraichat Tantrakarnapa; Hoang Xuan Co; Dinh Manh Cuong; Ming-Chien Mark Tsou; To Thi Hien; Nguyen Doan Thien Chi; Tran Anh Ngan; et al. (Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 2024)

Comparative lifespan and healthspan of nonhuman primate species common to biomedical research - Hillary F. Huber; Hannah C. Ainsworth; Ellen E. Quillen; Adam Salmon; Corinna Ross; Adinda D. Azhar; Karen Bales; Michele A. Basso; Kristine Coleman; Ricki Colman; Huda S. Darusman; William Hopkins; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Epidemiological investigation of equine rotavirus B outbreaks in horses in central Kentucky - Chithra C. Sreenivasan; Ahsan Naveed; Tirth Uprety; Shalini Soni; Olivia Jacob; Emma Adam; Dan Wang; Feng Li (Veterinary Microbiology, 2024)

Quantitative fecal pollution assessment with bacterial, viral, and molecular methods in small stream tributaries - Brian R. McMinn; Asja Korajkic; Julie Kelleher; Adam Diedrich; Adin Pemberton; Jessica R. Willis; Mano Sivaganesan; Brooke Shireman; Andrew Doyle; Orin C. Shanks (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Representative honey bee viruses do not replicate in the small hive beetle, Aethina tumida Murray - Emily D. Vu; Benjamin E. Chiavini; Elena M. Gratton; Adam G. Dolezal; Bryony C. Bonning (Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2024)

Dust in the Critical Zone: North American case studies - J. Brahney; R.C. Heindel; T.E. Gill; G. Carling; J.M. González-Olalla; J. Hand; D.V. Mallia; J.S. Munroe; K. Perry; A.L. Putman; S.M. Skiles; B.R. Adams; et al. (Earth-Science Reviews, 2024)

Activity patterns of Octopus tetricus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) and their behavioural responses to fisheries trap and bait combinations - Adam A. Vrandich; Brendan P. Kelaher; Karina C. Hall (Marine Biology, 2024)
An understanding of octopus behaviour and their capture by fishing gears is required to inform efficient, sustainable, and ethical octopus fisheries. Here, the behaviour of Octopus tetricus was assessed in response to different bait and trap combinations in an outdoor mesocosm experiment. Eight wild octopuses were collected, maintained in individual tanks with flow-through seawater and aeration, and monitored with a 24-h video surveillance system. Six different traps and four different baits were presented to each octopus in various combinations during four sequential trials. Fine-mesh crab traps were the most successful in capturing octopus, accounting for 23 of the total 30 captures across all trials. Whereas solid trigger traps produced the greatest number of other interactions (e.g., octopus sitting on trap/in the entrance), averaging 43 interactions per trial, but were rarely triggered. Bait type did not influence octopus capture, trap interaction frequency, or octopus activity; however, only artificial bait types were trialled, and fresh natural baits may elicit a stronger response and should be investigated in future research. Generally, octopus were inactive, dedicating only 9.5% of their total time to active behaviours. Octopus activity varied with time of day, with peak activity during morning daylight (0800–1200) and the lowest activity during the dark hours of the very early morning (0000–0400). Additionally, capture numbers, trap interactions, and activity varied among individuals, with bolder personalities in some octopus. This natural variation among individual octopuses may lead to fishery-induced selection associated with the elevated capture frequency of bold or more active individuals.

Formation and retrieval of cell assemblies in a biologically realistic spiking neural network model of area CA3 in the mouse hippocampus - Jeffrey D. Kopsick; Joseph A. Kilgore; Gina C. Adam; Giorgio A. Ascoli (Journal of Computational Neuroscience, 2024)
The hippocampal formation is critical for episodic memory, with area Cornu Ammonis 3 (CA3) a necessary substrate for auto-associative pattern completion. Recent theoretical and experimental evidence suggests that the formation and retrieval of cell assemblies enable these functions. Yet, how cell assemblies are formed and retrieved in a full-scale spiking neural network (SNN) of CA3 that incorporates the observed diversity of neurons and connections within this circuit is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that a data-driven SNN model quantitatively reflecting the neuron type-specific population sizes, intrinsic electrophysiology, connectivity statistics, synaptic signaling, and long-term plasticity of the mouse CA3 is capable of robust auto-association and pattern completion via cell assemblies. Our results show that a broad range of assembly sizes could successfully and systematically retrieve patterns from heavily incomplete or corrupted cues after a limited number of presentations. Furthermore, performance was robust with respect to partial overlap of assemblies through shared cells, substantially enhancing memory capacity. These novel findings provide computational evidence that the specific biological properties of the CA3 circuit produce an effective neural substrate for associative learning in the mammalian brain.

Will They Stay or Will They Go — Understanding South Atlantic Coastal Wetland Transformation in Response to Sea-Level Rise - Michelle C. Moorman; Zachary S. Ladin; EmmaLi Tsai; Adam Smith; Amanda Bessler; Jean Richter; Rebecca Harrison; Brian Van Druten; Wendy Stanton; Chuck Hayes; Billy Wayne Harris; Mike Hoff; et al. (Estuaries and Coasts, 2024)
Threats to coastal wetlands, including sea-level rise and subsidence, led the National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) System to protect over 500,000 hectares of coastal wetlands during the twentieth century, with approximately 20% occurring in the South Atlantic geography. This effort has involved systematic long-term monitoring of changes in marsh elevation using surface elevation tables and marker horizons at 20 sites across 19 NWRs in the southeastern coastal USA. From 2012 to 2021, the rates of change in surface elevation (−9.3 to 7.1 mm/year), accretion (−0.3 to 17.5 mm/year), and net vertical elevation change (−14.3 to 3.1 mm/year) were highly variable among monitoring sites and varied with coastal wetland type (oligohaline marsh, salt marsh, pocosin, or forested wetland), land surface elevation, and estuarine salinity and geomorphology (i.e., tidally influenced or embayed). Of 20 sites included in our study, only six were gaining elevation at a rate that was equal to or greater than the long-term rates of sea-level rise and therefore considered resilient. Only Waccamaw and Currituck NWRs, both located in oligohaline marshes, were gaining elevation at a rate that exceeded sea-level rise by 1 mm/year. These results support the mounting evidence that many coastal wetlands, particularly in the South Atlantic geography of the USA, will undergo ecological transformations in the next several decades. The NWR System and other coastal management entities will need to use strategic decision-making frameworks to identify management actions that can mitigate the loss of coastal wetlands to support the conservation of coastal wetland–dependent and obligate species.

Seasonal forecasting of the European North-West shelf seas: limits of winter and summer sea surface temperature predictability - Jamie R. C. Atkins; Jonathan Tinker; Jennifer A. Graham; Adam A. Scaife; Paul R. Halloran (Climate Dynamics, 2024)
The European North-West shelf seas (NWS) support economic interests and provide environmental services to adjacent countries. Expansion of offshore activities, such as renewable energy infrastructure, aquaculture, and growth of international shipping, will place increasingly complex demands on the marine environment over the coming decades. Skilful forecasting of NWS properties on seasonal timescales will help to effectively manage these activities. Here we quantify the skill of an operational large-ensemble ocean-atmosphere coupled global forecasting system (GloSea), as well as benchmark persistence forecasts, for predictions of NWS sea surface temperature (SST) at 2–4 months lead time in winter and summer. We identify sources of and limits to SST predictability, considering what additional skill may be available in the future. We find that GloSea NWS SST skill is generally high in winter and low in summer. GloSea outperforms simple persistence forecasts by adding information about atmospheric variability, but only to a modest extent as persistence of anomalies in the initial conditions contributes substantially to predictability. Where persistence is low – for example in seasonally stratified regions – GloSea forecasts show lower skill. GloSea skill can be degraded by model deficiencies in the relatively coarse global ocean component, which lacks dynamic tides and subsequently fails to robustly represent local circulation and mixing. However, “atmospheric mode matched” tests show potential for improving prediction skill of currently low performing regions if atmospheric circulation forecasts can be improved. This underlines the importance of coupled atmosphere-ocean model development for NWS seasonal forecasting applications.

Crossing the Pacific: Genomics Reveals the Presence of Japanese Sardine ( Sardinops melanosticta ) in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem - Gary C. Longo; Jeremiah J. Minich; Nicholas Allsing; Kelsey James; Ella S. Adams‐Herrmann; Wes Larson; Nolan Hartwick; Tiffany Duong; Barbara Muhling; Todd P. Michael; Matthew T. Craig (Molecular Ecology, 2024)
Recent increases in frequency and intensity of warm water anomalies and marine heatwaves have led to shifts in species ranges and assemblages. Genomic tools can be instrumental in detecting such shifts. In the early stages of a project assessing population genetic structure in Pacific Sardine ( Sardinops sagax ), we detected the presence of Japanese Sardine ( Sardinops melanosticta ) along the west coast of North America for the first time. We assembled a high quality, chromosome‐scale reference genome of the Pacific Sardine and generated low coverage, whole genome sequence (lcWGS) data for 345 sardine collected in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME) in 2021 and 2022. Fifty individuals sampled in 2022 were identified as Japanese Sardine based on strong differentiation observed in lcWGS SNP and full mitogenome data. Although we detected a single case of mitochondrial introgression, we did not observe evidence for recent hybridization events. These findings change our understanding of Sardinops spp. distribution and dispersal in the Pacific and highlight the importance of long‐term monitoring programs.

Complementary value of molecular, phenotypic, and functional aging biomarkers in dementia prediction - Andreas Engvig; Karl Trygve Kalleberg; Lars T. Westlye; Esten Høyland Leonardsen; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; John Q. Trojanowski; Arthur W. Toga; Laurel Beckett; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
DNA methylation age (MA), brain age (BA), and frailty index (FI) are putative aging biomarkers linked to dementia risk. We investigated their relationship and combined potential for prediction of cognitive impairment and future dementia risk using the ADNI database. Of several MA algorithms, DunedinPACE and GrimAge2, associated with memory, were combined in a composite MA alongside BA and a data-driven FI in predictive analyses. Pairwise correlations between age- and sex-adjusted measures for MA (aMA), aBA, and aFI were low. FI outperformed BA and MA in all diagnostic tasks. A model including age, sex, and aFI achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 for differentiating cognitively normal controls (CN) from dementia patients in a held-out test set. When combined with clinical biomarkers (apolipoprotein E ε4 allele count, memory, executive function), a model including aBA and aFI predicted 5-year dementia risk among MCI patients with an out-of-sample AUC of 0.88. In the prognostic model, BA and FI offered complementary value (both β s 0.50). The tested MAs did not improve predictions. Results were consistent across FI algorithms, with data-driven health deficit selection yielding the best performance. FI had a stronger adverse effect on prognosis in males, while BA’s impact was greater in females. Our findings highlight the complementary value of BA and FI in dementia prediction. The results support a multidimensional view of dementia, including an intertwined relationship between the biomarkers, sex, and prognosis. The tested MA’s limited contribution suggests caution in their use for individual risk assessment of dementia.

Combination and summary of ATLAS dark matter searches interpreted in a 2HDM with a pseudo-scalar mediator using 139 fb−1 of s = 13 TeV pp collision data - G. Aad; B. Abbott; K. Abeling; N.J. Abicht; S.H. Abidi; A. Aboulhorma; H. Abramowicz; H. Abreu; Y. Abulaiti; A.C. Abusleme Hoffman; B.S. Acharya; C. Adam Bourdarios; et al. (Science Bulletin, 2024)

Correction: Environmental influences on the phenology of immigrating juvenile eels over weirs at the tidal limit of regulated rivers - Rose M. Boardman; Adrian C. Pinder; Adam T. Piper; Catherine Gutmann Roberts; Rosalind M. Wright; J. Robert Britton (Hydrobiologia, 2024)

Environmental influences on the phenology of immigrating juvenile eels over weirs at the tidal limit of regulated rivers - Rose M. Boardman; Adrian C. Pinder; Adam T. Piper; Catherine Gutmann Roberts; Rosalind M. Wright; J. Robert Britton (Hydrobiologia, 2024)
Recruitment of the catadromous and critically endangered European eel Anguilla anguilla in Europe has declined substantially since the 1980s, with considerable knowledge gaps remaining in many aspects of their life cycle. The aim was to assess eel migration phenology in three regulated rivers in England between 2009 and 2019 through analyses of eel numbers using passes at their tidal limits, with calculation of the annual timings of migration initiation (10% of all eels passed, T 10 ), peak (50%, T 50 ) and conclusion (90%, T 90 ). Across the three rivers, T 10 varied between Julian Day (‘Day’) 94 and 173. Years of earlier T 10 had significantly earlier T 50 , where T 50 varied between Day 105 and 200. The considerable inter-annual variability in migration timings was associated with environmental variables; earlier T 10 and T 50 occurred in years of warmer river temperatures (RTs) and cooler sea surface temperatures (SST), and in years where RTs were higher than SSTs. No environmental variables were significant predictors of T 90 . These results indicate that whilst there is annual variability in the timing of eel migration initiation and peak into freshwaters, this variability is predictable according to differences in environmental conditions. As many of these conditions associated with annual variability in temperature and precipitation then climate change has the potential to shift these migration timings.

Inflammation and aging-related disease: A transdisciplinary inflammaging framework - Brian J. Andonian; Joseph A. Hippensteel; Katrina Abuabara; Eileen M. Boyle; James F. Colbert; Michael J. Devinney; Adam S. Faye; Bharati Kochar; Jiha Lee; Rachel Litke; Devika Nair; Sebastian E. Sattui; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

On-field Head Acceleration Exposure Measurements Using Instrumented Mouthguards: Multi-stage Screening to Optimize Data Quality - Adam C. Clansey; Daniel Bondi; Rebecca Kenny; David Luke; Zaryan Masood; Yuan Gao; Marko Elez; Songbai Ji; Alexander Rauscher; Paul van Donkelaar; Lyndia C. Wu (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2024)

Genetic rescue often leads to higher fitness as a result of increased heterozygosity across animal taxa - Julia G. Clarke; Adam C. Smith; Catherine I. Cullingham (Molecular Ecology, 2024)
Biodiversity loss has reached critical levels partly due to anthropogenic habitat loss and degradation. These landscape changes are damaging as they can fragment species distributions into small, isolated populations, resulting in limited gene flow, population declines and reduced adaptive potential. Genetic rescue, the translocation of individuals to increase genetic diversity and ultimately fitness, has produced promising results for fragmented populations but remains underutilized due to a lack of long‐term data and monitoring. To promote a better understanding of genetic rescue and its potential risks and benefits over the short‐term, we reviewed and analysed published genetic rescue attempts to identify whether genetic diversity increases following translocation, and if this change is associated with increased fitness. Our review identified 19 studies that provided genetic and fitness data from before and after the translocation; the majority of these were on mammals, and included experimental, natural and conservation‐motivated translocations. Using a Bayesian meta‐analytical approach, we found that on average, genetic diversity and fitness increased in populations post translocations, although there were some exceptions to this trend. Overall, genetic diversity was a positive predictor of population fitness, and in some cases this relationship extended three generations post‐rescue. These data suggest a single translocation can have lasting fitness benefits, and support translocation as another tool to facilitate conservation success. Given the limited number of studies with long‐term data, we echo the need for genetic monitoring of populations post‐translocation to understand whether genetic rescue can also limit the loss of adaptive potential in the long‐term.

Using pollen in turbidites for vegetation reconstructions - Laura S. McDonald; Lorna J. Strachan; Katherine Holt; Adam D. McArthur; Philip M. Barnes; Katherine L. Maier; Alan R. Orpin; Mark Horrocks; Aratrika Ganguly; Jenni L. Hopkins; Helen C. Bostock (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2024)
Turbidites, deposited by sub‐aqueous gravity flows, are common in sedimentary archives worldwide and present a unique challenge and opportunity when reconstructing past vegetation through pollen analysis. When sampling pollen from a sediment core for palaeovegetation records, it is common practice to target background sediments (i.e. pelagic sediment) and avoid sampling turbidites, as they are presumed to portray a misleading picture of past vegetation. This assumption stems from our limited understanding of pollen abundance and distribution through turbidites, meaning that palynologists overlook deposits that could potentially be used to reconstruct past vegetation and climate. We present pollen assemblage and sedimentological data from four recent (

Local molecular and connectomic contributions of tau-related neurodegeneration - Fardin Nabizadeh; Michael W. Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; John Q. Trojanowski; Arthur W. Toga; Laurel Beckett; Robert C. Green; Andrew J. Saykin; John Morris; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Biologging reveals rapid movements of harbour seals between freshwater and marine habitats in the subarctic - Katie R.N. Florko; David J. Yurkowski; C-Jae C. Breiter; Steven H. Ferguson; Holly E.L. Gamblin; Adam Grottoli; Andrea Nace; Courtney R. Shuert; Stephen D. Petersen (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
Biologging tools can provide invaluable information on the movement and behaviour of animals, facilitating the elucidation of ecological dynamics, especially for wide-ranging species, and supporting conservation and management efforts. Harbour seals ( Phoca vitulina ) exhibit extensive habitat plasticity in their vast range across the northern hemisphere, with likely recent increases in abundance at northern latitudes, yet details of their movement behaviour in subarctic areas remain largely unknown. We used satellite-telemetry data, including nearly 5,000 locations and over 12,000 dives, obtained from six harbour seals tagged in western Hudson Bay from 2021 to 2023, to address the knowledge gap on their movement behaviour between marine and freshwater habitats in subarctic regions. We document the behavioural patterns, transit speeds, and diverse aquatic system usage, including detailed records of a harbour seal track traversing over 170 km upriver on three separate trips along the Seal River, Canada. Notably, we observed a rapid downstream transit from the Seal River to Hudson Bay, covering 214 km within a single day. Additionally, we highlight the prevalence of short dive durations in the Seal and Churchill Rivers, in contrast to longer dive durations in Hudson Bay. These insights complement existing evidence of harbour seal occurrences and river use at northern latitudes, as well as enhance our understanding of harbour seal movement ecology within Hudson Bay which can be used to better inform conservation and management strategies between connected freshwater and marine environments in the Arctic.

Defining an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome: International Consensus Statement - Emma Short; Ian M. Adcock; Bilal Al-Sarireh; Ann Ager; Ramzi Ajjan; Naveed Akbar; Michael A. Akeroyd; Ghada Alsaleh; Ghada Al-Sharbatee; Kambiz Alavian; Winfried Amoaku; Julie Andersen; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
Around the world, individuals are living longer, but an increased average lifespan does not always equate to an increased health span. With advancing age, the increased prevalence of ageing-related diseases can have a significant impact on health status, functional capacity and quality of life. It is therefore vital to develop comprehensive classification and staging systems for ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndromes. This will allow societies to better identify, quantify, understand and meet the healthcare, workforce, well-being and socioeconomic needs of ageing populations, whilst supporting the development and utilisation of interventions to prevent or to slow, halt or reverse the progression of ageing-related pathologies. The foundation for developing such classification and staging systems is to define the scope of what constitutes an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome. To this end, a consensus meeting was hosted by the International Consortium to Classify Ageing-Related Pathologies (ICCARP), on February 19, 2024, in Cardiff, UK, and was attended by 150 recognised experts. Discussions and voting were centred on provisional criteria that had been distributed prior to the meeting. The participants debated and voted on these. Each criterion required a consensus agreement of ≥ 70% for approval. The accepted criteria for an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome were (1) develops and/or progresses with increasing chronological age; (2) should be associated with, or contribute to, functional decline or an increased susceptibility to functional decline and (3) evidenced by studies in humans. Criteria for an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome have been agreed by an international consortium of subject experts. These criteria will now be used by the ICCARP for the classification and ultimately staging of ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndromes.

Functional correlation tensors in brain white matter and the effects of normal aging - Lyuan Xu; Yurui Gao; Muwei Li; Richard Lawless; Yu Zhao; Kurt G. Schilling; Baxter P. Rogers; Adam W. Anderson; Zhaohua Ding; Bennett A. Landman; John C. Gore (Brain Imaging and Behavior, 2024)
Resting state correlations between blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) MRI signals from voxels in white matter (WM) are demonstrably anisotropic, so that functional correlation tensors (FCT) may be used to quantify the underlying microstructure of BOLD effects in WM tracts. However, the overall spatial distribution of FCTs and their metrics in specific populations has not yet been established, and the factors that affect their precise arrangements remain unclear. Changes in WM occur with normal aging, and these may be expected to affect FCTs. We hypothesized that FCTs exhibit a characteristic spatial pattern and may show systematic changes with aging or other factors. Here we report our analyses of the FCT characteristics of fMRI images of a large cohort of 461 cognitively normal subjects (190 females, 271 males) sourced from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS), with age distributions of 42 y/o – 95 y/o. Group averages and statistics of FCT indices, including axial functional correlations, radial functional correlations, mean functional correlations and fractional anisotropy, were quantified in WM bundles defined by the JHU ICBM-DTI-81 WM atlas. In addition, their variations with normal aging were examined. The results revealed a dimorphic distribution of changes in FCT metrics with age, with decreases of the functional correlations in some regions and increases in others. Supplementary analysis revealed that females exhibited significant age effects on a greater number of WM areas, but the interaction between age and sex was not significant. The findings demonstrate the reproducibility of the spatial distribution of FCT metrics and reveal subtle regional changes with age.

P04-05 Artificial intelligence for the development of Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) to assess neurodegenerative disorders following ionizing radiation exposure - T. Jaylet; D. Klokov; C. Ibanez; C. Durand; R. Quintens; C. Adam-Guillermin; O. Laurent; O. Armant; K. Audouze (Toxicology Letters, 2024)

P01-09 Isolation of adult cardiomyocytes from mouse heart by a novel, semi-automated perfusion technology - C. Poggel; T. Adams; S. Grünberg; M. Hesse; J. Liu; N. Weber; O. Hardt (Toxicology Letters, 2024)

Infrared photometry and spectrometry of satellites and debris at UKIRT - Eric C. Pearce; Harrison Krantz; Adam Block; Deatrick L. Foster (Journal of Space Safety Engineering, 2024)

A survey of general road transportation: How and why horses are transported in the U.S. - Erica T Jacquay; Patricia A Harris; C. Jill Stowe; Bridgett J McIntosh; Amanda A Adams (Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2024)

A comparison of PM2.5 exposure estimates from different estimation methods and their associations with cognitive testing and brain MRI outcomes - Melinda C. Power; Katie M. Lynch; Erin E. Bennett; Qi Ying; Eun Sug Park; Xiaohui Xu; Richard L. Smith; James D. Stewart; Jeff D. Yanosky; Duanping Liao; Aaron van Donkelaar; Joel D. Kaufman; et al. (Environmental Research, 2024)

Regional-scale assessment of eutrophic condition indicators in subtropical temporarily closed estuaries - Daniel A. Lemley; Monique Nunes; Janine B. Adams; Guy C. Bate (Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2024)

The atmospheric effect of aerosols on future tropical cyclone frequency and precipitation in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model - Ana C. T. Sena; Christina M. Patricola-DiRosario; Suzana J. Camargo; Adam H. Sobel (Climate Dynamics, 2024)

LGBTQ+ cancer: priority or lip service? A qualitative content analysis of LGBTQ+ considerations in U.S. state, jurisdiction, and tribal comprehensive cancer control plans - Austin R. Waters; Madeline H. Bono; Mayuko Ito Fukunaga; Manal Masud; Megan A. Mullins; Ryan Suk; Meghan C. O’Leary; Swann A. Adams; Renée M. Ferrari; Mary Wangen; Olufeyisayo O. Odebunmi; Sarah H. Nash; et al. (Cancer Causes & Control, 2024)

First report of carnation Italian ringspot virus in Gypsophila in the United Kingdom - G. Webster; L. Frew; R. Ward; A. R. Fowkes; A. Skelton; V. Harju; I. P. Adams; S. McGreig; H. Pufal; C. Conyers; A. Fox (Journal of Plant Pathology, 2024)

Quantitative fecal source characterization of urban municipal storm sewer system outfall ‘wet’ and ‘dry’ weather discharges - Orin C. Shanks; Adam Diedrich; Mano Sivaganesan; Jessica R. Willis; Amirreza Sharifi (Water Research, 2024)

Determining evolutionary origin and phylogenetic relationships of mallard-like ducks of Oceania, greater Indonesia, and the Philippines with ddRAD-seq data - Marissa Kaminski; Joshua I. Brown; Sara R. Seibert; Flor Hernández; Melizar V. Duya; Ian Kendrich C. Fontanilla; David Roshier; Adam Miles; Leo Joseph; Jeffrey L. Peters; Philip Lavretsky (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2024)

Subglacial bedform and moat initiation beneath Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica - Rebecca Schlegel; Alex M. Brisbourne; Andrew M. Smith; Adam D. Booth; Tavi Murray; Edward C. King; Roger A. Clark (Geomorphology, 2024)

Exploring the application of signaling compounds and soil amendments to modulate plant–microbe interactions for improved plant salinity tolerance - Shweta Priya; Anil C. Somenahally; Olabiyi Obayomi; Terry J. Gentry; Tushar C. Sarker; Jeff A. Brady; Curtis B. Adams (Plant and Soil, 2024)

Long sediment-laden algal turf likely impairs coral recovery on Florida’s coral reefs - A. Duran; K. E. Speare; C. Fuchs; T. C. Adam; L. Palma; M. W. Miller; L. Collado-Vides; A. R. Harborne; D. E. Burkepile (Coral Reefs, 2024)

An assessment of the association between patient characteristics and timely lung cancer treatment - Adam C. Powell; Jeremy T. Pickerell; James W. Long; Bryan A. Loy; Amin J. Mirhadi (Cancer Causes & Control, 2024)

Correction to: Lifespan effects in male UM‑HET3 mice treated with sodium thiosulfate, 16‑hydroxyestriol, and late‑start canagliflozin - Richard A. Miller; David E. Harrison; Gino A. Cortopassi; Ishmael Dehghan; Elizabeth Fernandez; Michael Garratt; John G. Geisler; Brett C. Ginsburg; Melissa L. Han; Nisi Jiang; Catherine C. Kaczorowski; Navasuja Kumar; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Transboundary movements of porbeagle sharks support need for continued cooperative research and management approaches - Jenny R. Bortoluzzi; Grace E. McNicholas; Andrew L. Jackson; C. Antonia Klöcker; Keno Ferter; Claudia Junge; Otte Bjelland; Adam Barnett; Austin J. Gallagher; Neil Hammerschlag; William K. Roche; Nicholas L. Payne (Fisheries Research, 2024)

Identifying priority sites for whale shark ship collision management globally - Freya C. Womersley; Christoph A. Rohner; Kátya Abrantes; Pedro Afonso; Shin Arunrugstichai; Steffen S. Bach; Shir Bar; Adi Barash; Peter Barnes; Adam Barnett; Ginevra Boldrocchi; Noemie Buffat; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Investigation of heterotrophs reveals new insights in dinoflagellate evolution - Elizabeth C. Cooney; Corey C. Holt; Elisabeth Hehenberger; Jayd A. Adams; Brian S. Leander; Patrick J. Keeling (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2024)

Root exudation links root traits to soil functioning in agroecosystems - Adam C. von Haden; William C. Eddy; Mark. B. Burnham; Edward R. Brzostek; Wendy H. Yang; Evan H. DeLucia (Plant and Soil, 2024)

Using parentage-based tagging to estimate survival of Chinook salmon fry in a large storage reservoir - Adam C. Pope; Tobias J. Kock; Russell W. Perry; Karen M. Cogliati; Kathleen G. O’Malley; Christina A. Murphy; Dalton J. Hance; Scott D. Fielding (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2024)

Forecasting potential invaders to prevent future biological invasions worldwide - Arman N. Pili; Boris Leroy; John G. Measey; Jules E. Farquhar; Adam Toomes; Phillip Cassey; Sebastian Chekunov; Matthias Grenié; Dylan van Winkel; Lisa Maria; Mae Lowe L. Diesmos; Arvin C. Diesmos; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
The ever‐increasing and expanding globalisation of trade and transport underpins the escalating global problem of biological invasions. Developing biosecurity infrastructures is crucial to anticipate and prevent the transport and introduction of invasive alien species. Still, robust and defensible forecasts of potential invaders are rare, especially for species without known invasion history. Here, we aim to support decision‐making by developing a quantitative invasion risk assessment tool based on invasion syndromes (i.e., generalising typical attributes of invasive alien species). We implemented a workflow based on ‘Multiple Imputation with Chain Equation’ to estimate invasion syndromes from imputed datasets of species' life‐history and ecological traits and macroecological patterns. Importantly, our models disentangle the factors explaining (i) transport and introduction and (ii) establishment. We showcase our tool by modelling the invasion syndromes of 466 amphibians and reptile species with invasion history. Then, we project these models to amphibians and reptiles worldwide (16,236 species [c.76% global coverage]) to identify species with a risk of being unintentionally transported and introduced, and risk of establishing alien populations. Our invasion syndrome models showed high predictive accuracy with a good balance between specificity and generality. Unintentionally transported and introduced species tend to be common and thrive well in human‐disturbed habitats. In contrast, those with established alien populations tend to be large‐sized, are habitat generalists, thrive well in human‐disturbed habitats, and have large native geographic ranges. We forecast that 160 amphibians and reptiles without known invasion history could be unintentionally transported and introduced in the future. Among them, 57 species have a high risk of establishing alien populations. Our reliable, reproducible, transferable, statistically robust and scientifically defensible quantitative invasion risk assessment tool is a significant new addition to the suite of decision‐support tools needed for developing a future‐proof preventative biosecurity globally.

New directions for Indigenous and local knowledge research and application in fisheries science: Lessons from a systematic review - Benjamin L. H. Jones; Rolando O. Santos; W. Ryan James; Sophia V. Costa; Aaron J. Adams; Ross E. Boucek; Lucy Coals; Leanne C. Cullen‐Unsworth; Samuel Shephard; Jennifer S. Rehage (Fish and Fisheries, 2024)
Social‐ecological systems like fisheries provide food, livelihoods and recreation. However, lack of data and its integration into governance hinders their conservation and management. Stakeholders possess site‐specific knowledge crucial for confronting these challenges. There is increasing recognition that Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) is valuable, but structural differences between ILK and quantitative archetypes have stalled the assimilation of ILK into fisheries management, despite acknowledged bias and uncertainty in scientific methods. Conducting a systematic review of fisheries‐associated ILK research ( n = 397 articles), we examined how ILK is accessed, applied, distributed across space and species, and has evolved. We show that ILK has generated qualitative, semi‐quantitative and quantitative information for diverse taxa across 98 countries. Fisheries‐associated ILK research mostly targets small‐scale and artisanal fishers (70% of studies) and typically uses semi‐structured interviews (60%). We revealed large variability in sample size ( n = 4–7638), predicted by the approach employed and the data generated (i.e. qualitative studies target smaller groups). Using thematic categorisation, we show that scientists are still exploring techniques, or ‘validating’ ILK through comparisons with quantitative scientific data (20%), and recording qualitative information of what fishers understand (40%). A few researchers are applying quantitative social science methods to derive trends in abundance, catch and effort. Such approaches facilitate recognition of local insight in fisheries management but fall short of accepting ILK as a valid complementary way of knowing about fisheries systems. This synthesis reveals that development and increased opportunities are needed to bridge ILK and quantitative scientific data.

Broadening inclusivity at sea - Lu Wang; Caitlin Adams; Allison Fundis; Janet Hsiao; Casey Machado; Mashkoor Malik; Rachel Quadara; Coralie Rodriguez; Adam Soule; Kelley Suhre; Liang Wu; Aurora C. Elmore (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
Ocean sciences in the U.S. remains a field with one of the lowest rates of diversity, having disproportionately low representation from marginalized groups, including Black, Asian, LatinX, Indigenous, and other people of color; LGBTQIA+ individuals; disabled persons; women; those with neurological differences; and those from low-income groups. With equity and inclusion in mind, recent efforts have been made to increase the number of ocean science professionals from marginalized groups through multiple entry points, including internships. However, there still exists a large gap between the diversity found in the general population and the diversity within ocean sciences. Perhaps one reason why this field continues to have lower diversity owes to the unique component of many oceanographic careers, which continues to present an especially high barrier for marginalized groups: participating in sea-going research expeditions. Herein, we have synthesized possible ways to prioritize the physical and emotional safety of marginalized ocean science professionals participating in a research expedition, including guidance on preparation, implementation, and providing support post-cruise. These suggestions are intended to be useful for the broader oceanographic research community to consider the safety and well-being of individuals from marginalized groups at sea, since the field of ocean sciences - like all fields - would greatly benefit from increased representation and diversity.

Changes in UK price disparities between healthy and less healthy foods over 10 years: An updated analysis with insights in the context of inflationary increases in the cost-of-living from 2021 - Jody C. Hoenink; Kate Garrott; Nicholas R.V. Jones; Annalijn I. Conklin; Pablo Monsivais; Jean Adams (Appetite, 2024)

The global distribution of Isoprenoidal Glycerol Dialkyl Diethers (isoGDDs) is consistent with a predominant degradation origin - Joe S. Hingley; César C. Martins; Chloe Walker-Trivett; Jennifer K. Adams; Sebastian Naeher; Christoph Häggi; Sarah J. Feakins; B.D.A. Naafs (Organic Geochemistry, 2024)

Formation and structure of circumplanetary disks and envelopes during the late stages of giant planet formation - Aster G. Taylor; Fred C. Adams (Icarus, 2024)

Sources of Li isotope bias during SIMS analysis of standard glasses - Adam C. Denny; Mindy M. Zimmer; Heather S. Cunningham; Natalie E. Sievers (Chemical Geology, 2024)

SNAPSHOT USA 2021: A third coordinated national camera trap survey of the U nited S tates - Hila Shamon; Roi Maor; Michael V. Cove; Roland Kays; Jessie Adley; Peter D. Alexander; David N. Allen; Maximilian L. Allen; Cara L. Appel; Evan Barr; Erika L. Barthelmess; Carolina Baruzzi; et al. (Ecology, 2024)
SNAPSHOT USA is a multicontributor, long‐term camera trap survey designed to survey mammals across the United States. Participants are recruited through community networks and directly through a website application ( https://www.snapshot-usa.org/ ). The growing Snapshot dataset is useful, for example, for tracking wildlife population responses to land use, land cover, and climate changes across spatial and temporal scales. Here we present the SNAPSHOT USA 2021 dataset, the third national camera trap survey across the US. Data were collected across 109 camera trap arrays and included 1711 camera sites. The total effort equaled 71,519 camera trap nights and resulted in 172,507 sequences of animal observations. Sampling effort varied among camera trap arrays, with a minimum of 126 camera trap nights, a maximum of 3355 nights, a median 546 nights, and a mean 656 ± 431 nights. This third dataset comprises 51 camera trap arrays that were surveyed during 2019, 2020, and 2021, along with 71 camera trap arrays that were surveyed in 2020 and 2021. All raw data and accompanying metadata are stored on Wildlife Insights ( https://www.wildlifeinsights.org/ ), and are publicly available upon acceptance of the data papers. SNAPSHOT USA aims to sample multiple ecoregions in the United States with adequate representation of each ecoregion according to its relative size. Currently, the relative density of camera trap arrays varies by an order of magnitude for the various ecoregions (0.22–5.9 arrays per 100,000 km 2 ), emphasizing the need to increase sampling effort by further recruiting and retaining contributors. There are no copyright restrictions on these data. We request that authors cite this paper when using these data, or a subset of these data, for publication. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.

Semantic processing in older adults is associated with distributed neural activation which varies by association and abstractness of words - Amanda Garcia; Ronald A. Cohen; Kailey G. Langer; Alexandria G. O’Neal; Eric C. Porges; Adam J. Woods; John B. Williamson (GeroScience, 2024)

Lifespan effects in male UM-HET3 mice treated with sodium thiosulfate, 16-hydroxyestriol, and late-start canagliflozin - Richard A. Miller; David E. Harrison; Gino A. Cortopassi; Ishmael Dehghan; Elizabeth Fernandez; Michael Garratt; John G. Geisler; Brett C. Ginsburg; Melissa L. Han; Catherine C. Kaczorowski; Navasuja Kumar; Scott F. Leiser; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Urban and agricultural influences on the coastal dissolved organic matter pool in the Algoa Bay estuaries - Jarmo-Charles J. Kalinski; Xavier Siwe Noundou; Daniel Petras; Gwynneth F. Matcher; Alexandros Polyzois; Allegra T. Aron; Emily C. Gentry; Thomas G. Bornman; Janine B. Adams; Rosemary A. Dorrington (Chemosphere, 2024)

A fecal score approximation model for analysis of real-time quantitative PCR fecal source identification measurements - Mano Sivaganesan; Jessica R. Willis; Adam Diedrich; Orin C. Shanks (Water Research, 2024)

Reproducible responses of geochemical and microbial successional patterns in the subsurface to carbon source amendment - Jonathan P. Michael; Andrew D. Putt; Yunfeng Yang; Benjamin G. Adams; Kathryn R. McBride; Yupeng Fan; Kenneth A. Lowe; Daliang Ning; Sindhu Jagadamma; Ji Won Moon; Dawn M. Klingeman; Ping Zhang; et al. (Water Research, 2024)

Abatement and transaction costs of water reallocation - C. Dionisio Pérez-Blanco; Adam Loch; Juan Mejino-López; Laura Gil-García; David Adamson; Pablo Saiz-Santiago; José Antonio Ortega (Journal of Hydrology, 2024)

Role of Eating Behavior and Stress in Maintenance of Dietary Changes During the PREVIEW Intervention - Elli Jalo; Mikael Fogelholm; Margriet Westerterp-Plantenga; Tanja C. Adam; Mathijs Drummen; Maija Huttunen-Lenz; Louise Kjølbæk; José Alfredo Martinez; Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska; Moira A. Taylor; Jennie Brand-Miller; Sally Poppitt; et al. (Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 2024)

Associations of prenatal ambient air pollution exposures with asthma in middle childhood - Marnie F. Hazlehurst; Kecia N. Carroll; Paul E. Moore; Adam A. Szpiro; Margaret A. Adgent; Logan C. Dearborn; Allison R. Sherris; Christine T. Loftus; Yu Ni; Qi Zhao; Emily S. Barrett; Ruby H.N. Nguyen; et al. (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2024)

Comparing Transcriptomic Points of Departure to Apical Effect Concentrations For Larval Fathead Minnow Exposed to Chemicals with Four Different Modes Of Action - Kevin Flynn; Michelle Le; Monique Hazemi; Adam Biales; David C. Bencic; Brett R. Blackwell; Kendra Bush; Robert Flick; John X. Hoang; John Martinson; Mackenzie Morshead; Kelvin Santana Rodriguez; et al. (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2024)

Sex differences in interacting genetic and functional connectivity biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease - Jordan N. Williamson; Shirley A. James; Sean P. Mullen; Bradley P. Sutton; Tracey Wszalek; Beni Mulyana; Peter Mukli; Andriy Yabluchanskiy; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Investigating impacts of the mycothiazole chemotype as a chemical probe for the study of mitochondrial function and aging - Naibedya Dutta; Joe A. Gerke; Sofia F. Odron; Joseph D. Morris; Adam Hruby; Juri Kim; Toni Castro Torres; Sarah J. Shemtov; Jacqueline G. Clarke; Michelle C. Chang; Hooriya Shaghasi; Marissa N. Ray; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
Small molecule inhibitors of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) hold significant promise to provide valuable insights to the field of mitochondrial research and aging biology. In this study, we investigated two molecules: mycothiazole (MTZ) - from the marine sponge C. mycofijiensis and its more stable semisynthetic analog 8- O -acetylmycothiazole (8-OAc) as potent and selective chemical probes based on their high efficiency to inhibit ETC complex I function. Similar to rotenone (Rote), MTZ, a newly employed ETC complex I inhibitor, exhibited higher cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines compared to certain non-cancer cell lines. Interestingly, 8-OAc demonstrated greater selectivity for cancer cells when compared to both MTZ and Rote, which has promising potential for anticancer therapeutic development. Furthermore, in vivo experiments with these small molecules utilizing a C. elegans model demonstrate their unexplored potential to investigate aging studies. We observed that both molecules have the ability to induce a mitochondria-specific unfolded protein response (UPR MT ) pathway, that extends lifespan of worms when applied in their adult stage. We also found that these two molecules employ different pathways to extend lifespan in worms. Whereas MTZ utilizes the transcription factors ATFS-1 and HSF1, which are involved in the UPR MT and heat shock response (HSR) pathways respectively, 8-OAc only required HSF1 and not ATFS-1 to mediate its effects. This observation underscores the value of applying stable, potent, and selective next generation chemical probes to elucidate an important insight into the functional roles of various protein subunits of ETC complexes and their regulatory mechanisms associated with aging. Graphical Abstract

Plastic pollution transcends marine protected area boundaries in the eastern tropical and south-eastern Pacific - Zara L.R. Botterell; Francisca Ribeiro; Daniela Alarcón-Ruales; Eliana Alfaro; Joanna Alfaro-Shigueto; Nicola Allan; Nicole Becerra; Laura Braunholtz; Susana Cardenas-Diaz; Diamela de Veer; Gabriela Escobar-Sanchez; Maria Virginia Gabela-Flores; et al. (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2024)

Long-term soil organic carbon and crop yield feedbacks differ between 16 soil-crop models in sub-Saharan Africa - Antoine Couëdel; Gatien N. Falconnier; Myriam Adam; Rémi Cardinael; Kenneth Boote; Eric Justes; Ward N. Smith; Anthony M. Whitbread; François Affholder; Juraj Balkovic; Bruno Basso; Arti Bhatia; et al. (European Journal of Agronomy, 2024)

Zerumbone liquid crystalline nanoparticles protect against oxidative stress, inflammation and senescence induced by cigarette smoke extract in vitro - Keshav Raj Paudel; Dvya Delilaa Clarence; Nisha Panth; Bikash Manandhar; Gabriele De Rubis; Hari Prasad Devkota; Gaurav Gupta; Flavia C. Zacconi; Kylie A. Williams; Lisa G. Pont; Sachin Kumar Singh; Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani; et al. (Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 2024)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of zerumbone-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles (ZER-LCNs) in the protection of broncho-epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages against oxidative stress, inflammation and senescence induced by cigarette smoke extract in vitro . The effect of the treatment of ZER-LCNs on in vitro cell models of cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated mouse RAW264.7 and human BCi-NS1.1 basal epithelial cell lines was evaluated for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-senescence activities using colorimetric and fluorescence-based assays, fluorescence imaging, RT-qPCR and proteome profiler kit. The ZER-LCNs successfully reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory markers including Il-6 , Il-1β and Tnf-α , as well as the production of nitric oxide in RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, ZER-LCNs successfully inhibited oxidative stress through reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and regulation of genes, namely GPX2 and GCLC in BCi-NS1.1 cells. Anti-senescence activity of ZER-LCNs was also observed in BCi-NS1.1 cells, with significant reductions in the expression of SIRT1 , CDKN1A and CDKN2A . This study demonstrates strong in vitro anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anti-senescence activities of ZER-LCNs paving the path for this formulation to be translated into a promising therapeutic agent for chronic respiratory inflammatory conditions including COPD and asthma.

Understanding vessel noise across a network of marine protected areas - Megan F McKenna; Timothy J Rowell; Tetyana Margolina; Simone Baumann-Pickering; Alba Solsona-Berga; Jeffrey D Adams; John Joseph; Ella B Kim; Annebelle CM Kok; Anke Kügler; Marc O Lammers; Karlina Merkens; et al. (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2024)
Protected areas are typically managed as a network of sites exposed to varying anthropogenic conditions. Managing these networks benefits from monitoring of conditions across sites to help prioritize coordinated efforts. Monitoring marine vessel activity and related underwater radiated noise impacts across a network of protected areas, like the U.S. National Marine Sanctuary system, helps managers ensure the quality of habitats used by a wide range of marine species. Here, we use underwater acoustic detections of vessels to quantify different characteristics of vessel noise at 25 locations within eight marine sanctuaries including the Hawaiian Archipelago and the U.S. east and west coasts. Vessel noise metrics, including temporal presence and sound levels, were paired with Automatic Identification System (AIS) vessel tracking data to derive a suite of robust vessel noise indicators for use across the network of marine protected areas. Network-wide comparisons revealed a spectrum of vessel noise conditions that closely matched AIS vessel traffic composition. Shifts in vessel noise were correlated with the decrease in vessel activity early in the COVID-19 pandemic, and vessel speed reduction management initiatives. Improving our understanding of vessel noise conditions in these protected areas can help direct opportunities for reducing vessel noise, such as establishing and maintaining noise-free periods, enhancing port efficiency, engaging with regional and international vessel quieting initiatives, and leveraging co-benefits of management actions for reducing ocean noise.

Assessing compounding climate-related stresses and development pathways on the power sector in the central U.S. - Angelo Costa Gurgel; John Reilly; Jennifer Morris; C. Adam Schlosser; Xiang Gao; Mei Yuan; Karen Tapia-Ahumada (Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2024)
Future configurations of the power system in the central region of the USA are dependent on relative costs of alternative power generation technologies, energy and environmental policies, and multiple climate-induced stresses. Higher demand in the summer months combined with compounding supply shocks in several power generation technologies can potentially cause a “perfect storm” leading to failure of the power system. Potential future climate stress must be incorporated in investment decisions and energy system planning and operation. We assess how projected future climate impacts on the power system would affect alternative pathways for the electricity sector considering a broad range of generation technologies and changes in demand. We calculate a “potential supply gap” metric for each pathway, system component, and sub-region of the US Heartland due to climate-induced effects on electricity demand and power generation. Potential supply gaps range from 5% in the North Central region under mild changes in climate to 21% in the Lakes-Mid Atlantic region under more severe climate change. We find increases in electricity demand to be more important in determining the size of the potential supply gap than stresses on power generation, while larger shares of renewables in the power system contribute to lower supply gaps. Our results provide a first step toward considering systemic climate impacts that may require changes in managing the grid or on potential additional capacity/reserves that may be needed.

Who’s a pretty bird? Predicting the traded abundance of bird species in Australian online pet trade - Katherine G. W. Hill; Oliver C. Stringham; Stephanie Moncayo; Adam Toomes; Jonathan J. Tyler; Phillip Cassey; Steven Delean (Biological Invasions, 2024)

Microbiome diversity and zoonotic bacterial pathogen prevalence in Peromyscus mice from agricultural landscapes and synanthropic habitat - Janine Mistrick; Evan J. Kipp; Sarah I. Weinberg; Collin C. Adams; Peter A. Larsen; Meggan E. Craft (Molecular Ecology, 2024)
Rodents are key reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens and play an important role in disease transmission to humans. Importantly, anthropogenic land‐use change has been found to increase the abundance of rodents that thrive in human‐built environments (synanthropic rodents), particularly rodent reservoirs of zoonotic disease. Anthropogenic environments also affect the microbiome of synanthropic wildlife, influencing wildlife health and potentially introducing novel pathogens. Our objective was to examine the effect of agricultural development and synanthropic habitat on microbiome diversity and the prevalence of zoonotic bacterial pathogens in wild Peromyscus mice to better understand the role of these rodents in pathogen maintenance and transmission. We conducted 16S amplicon sequencing on faecal samples using long‐read nanopore sequencing technology to characterize the rodent microbiome. We compared microbiome diversity and composition between forest and synanthropic habitats in agricultural and undeveloped landscapes and screened for putative pathogenic bacteria. Microbiome richness, diversity, and evenness were higher in the agricultural landscape and synanthropic habitat compared to undeveloped‐forest habitat. Microbiome composition also differed significantly between agricultural and undeveloped landscapes and forest and synanthropic habitats. We detected overall low diversity and abundance of putative pathogenic bacteria, though putative pathogens were more likely to be found in mice from the agricultural landscape. Our findings show that landscape‐ and habitat‐level anthropogenic factors affect Peromyscus microbiomes and suggest that landscape‐level agricultural development may be important to predict zoonotic pathogen prevalence. Ultimately, understanding how anthropogenic land‐use change and synanthropy affect rodent microbiomes and pathogen prevalence is important to managing transmission of rodent‐borne zoonotic diseases to humans.

Impact on species' online attention when named after celebrities - Katie Blake; Sean C. Anderson; Adam Gleave; Diogo Veríssimo (Conservation Biology, 2024)
Celebrities can generate substantial attention and influence public interest in species. Using a large‐scale examination of publicly available data, we assessed whether species across 6 taxonomic groups received more page views on Wikipedia when the species was named after a celebrity than when it was not. We conducted our analysis for 4 increasingly strict thresholds of how many average daily Wikipedia page views a celebrity had (1, 10, 100, or 1000 views). Overall, we found a high probability (0.96–0.98) that species named after celebrities had more page views than their closest relatives that were not named after celebrities, irrespective of the celebrity threshold. The multiplicative effect on species’ page views was larger but more uncertain as celebrity page‐view thresholds increased. The range for thresholds of 1 to 1000 was 1.08 (95% credible interval [CI] 1.00–1.18) to 1.76 (95% CI 0.96–2.80), respectively. The hierarchical estimates for the taxa tended to be positive. The strongest effects were for invertebrates, followed by amphibians, reptiles, fish, and mammals, whereas the weakest effect was for birds at lower page‐view thresholds. Our results suggest that naming species after celebrities could be particularly significant for those belonging to taxonomic groups that are generally less popular than others (e.g., invertebrates). Celebrities may further influence the effectiveness of this marketing strategy, depending on their likability and connection to the species named after them. Eponyms may serve as a reminder of the disproportionate power dynamics between populations and some namesakes’ untenable actions. However, they also provide an opportunity to recognize remarkable individuals and promote equity, inclusivity, and diversity in taxonomic practice. We encourage taxonomists to examine whether naming threatened species after celebrities could affect conservation support, especially for species that are otherwise typically overlooked by the public.

Synthesis of homogeneous spherical selenium nanoparticles through a chemical method for cancer therapy applications - E.I. Adam-Dima; M. Balas; M. Anastasescu; C. Purdel; D. Margină (Toxicology in Vitro, 2024)

Predictive characteristics of male fertility in alpacas with special reference to seminal NGF - R.A. Carrasco; O.A. Bogle; M.H. Ratto; C. Ulloa-Leal; R.H. Mamani-Cato; G.P. Adams (Theriogenology, 2024)

Wind erosion and transport on planetesimals - Alice C. Quillen; Stephen Luniewski; Adam E. Rubinstein; Jérémy Couturier; Rachel Glade; Miki Nakajima (Icarus, 2024)

Size-dependent thermal limits in Australian hybrid abalone: implications for productivity shifts with ocean warming - Owen J. Holland; Callum Smythe; Timothy D. Clark; Norman L. C. Ragg; Julie Mondon; Patricia Corbett; Adam D. Miller (Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2024)
Ocean warming and extreme heatwaves threaten marine species supporting commercial fisheries and aquaculture. Predicting the responses of these industries to chronic and acute warming depends on understanding which life stages are most vulnerable, the potential for stocks to adapt to changing thermal environments, and the availability of thermally adapted genotypes to help enhance stock resilience through strategic interventions. Here, we shed light on some of these knowledge gaps by quantifying the critical thermal maximum (CT max ) of ~ 10–210 g hybrid abalone ( Haliotis rubra × H. laevigata ) from two farms representing contrasting thermal environments from south-eastern Australia. CT max was not dependent on body size or provenance (farm) when heating rates were rapid (1 °C per h), but a significant relationship between CT max and body size was observed when heating rates were slower and more ecologically realistic (1 °C per 12 h). Histological analyses revealed a negative relationship between CT max and the stage of gonadal development when abalone were exposed to chronic thermal stress conditions. These results suggest that marine heatwaves and ongoing ocean warming might favour smaller, less fecund animals in natural and farm settings. This could potentially impact future harvestable biomass, recruitment and population dynamics in wild-capture fisheries, and production of larger, high-value animals in farm settings. This study adds to a growing body of literature pointing to complex and often negative effects of climate change on commercial fisheries, and the potential need for interventions aimed at bolstering fisheries resilience against the effects of ocean warming.

Heterozygous MAP3K20 variants cause ectodermal dysplasia, craniosynostosis, sensorineural hearing loss, and limb anomalies - Daniel Brooks; Elizabeth Burke; Sukyeong Lee; Tanya N. Eble; Melanie O’Leary; Ikeoluwa Osei-Owusu; Heidi L. Rehm; Shweta U. Dhar; Lisa Emrick; David Bick; Michelle Nehrebecky; Ellen Macnamara; et al. (Human Genetics, 2024)

Correction: Interrogating Random and Systematic Measurement Error in Morphometric Data - Michael L. Collyer; Dean C. Adams (Evolutionary Biology, 2024)

Interrogating Random and Systematic Measurement Error in Morphometric Data - Michael L. Collyer; Dean C. Adams (Evolutionary Biology, 2024)

Vascular smooth muscle cell-specific Igf1r deficiency exacerbates the development of hypertension-induced cerebral microhemorrhages and gait defects - Lauren R. Miller; Marisa A. Bickel; Michaela L. Vance; Hannah Vaden; Domonkos Nagykaldi; Adam Nyul-Toth; Elizabeth C. Bullen; Tripti Gautam; Stefano Tarantini; Andriy Yabluchanskiy; Tamas Kiss; Zoltan Ungvari; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Wave, light, and dissolved oxygen exposures drive novel coastal eelgrass (Zostera pacifica) transplant performance - Rilee D. Sanders; Adam K. Obaza; Benjamin C. Grime; Mathilde Lindhart; Luke P. Miller; Kristen E. Elsmore; Olivia C. Carmack; Tom K. Ford; James J. Leichter (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
The high ecological and economic value of seagrass has been long recognized, with these foundational habitats providing myriad ecosystem services. Yet through cumulative anthropogenic impacts, seagrasses are exhibiting extensive declines globally. A litany of studies and active restoration trials have demonstrated practical methodologies to restore seagrass habitats and effectively return critical habitat functions to degraded coastal zone systems worldwide. Seagrass loss along the U.S. West Coast has precipitated decades of seagrass protection, conservation, and restoration efforts. Yet, mitigation transplanting efforts have prioritized Zostera marina (narrow-leaved eelgrass) in shallow, protected environments, while a dearth of information is available on species inhabiting offshore islands and exposed mainland coasts. In this study, we conducted a novel transplant of Zostera pacifica , a wide-leaved species found in depths of 7 – 20 m along the offshore islands and mainland coast of California. Transplants were conducted at three geographically distinct sites in Santa Monica Bay, coupled with continuous monitoring of biophysical parameters providing insight into physical drivers at transplant and donor sites. Utilizing in situ data, and environmental thresholds adapted from the literature for Z. marina , we performed exposure analyses to evaluate factors influencing Z. pacifica transplant performance. Exceedances of threshold values for environmental parameters, specifically, wave exposure and near-bed flow speeds ( H rms > 0.59 m and U rms > 0.1 m s -1 ), photosynthetically active radiation (< 3 and > 5 mol m -2 day -1 ) and dissolved oxygen (< 3 mg O 2 L -1 ) exposure impacted transplant survivorship. These results suggest Z. pacifica persist in biophysically dynamic conditions and are sensitive to exceedances of thresholds, underlining the importance of pre-transplant site-selection processes to this species. These data represent the first holistic study of Z. pacifica transplanting on an exposed mainland coast, which provides a view into the baseline environmental envelopes within existing Z. pacifica habitat, and further, may serve as a model for investigating scalable open coast seagrass restoration for temperate regions.

Cell atlas of the Atlantic salmon spleen reveals immune cell heterogeneity and cell-specific responses to bacterial infection - Jianxuan Sun; Rose Ruiz Daniels; Adam Balic; Adriana M.S. Andresen; Håvard Bjørgen; Ross Dobie; Neil C. Henderson; Erling Olaf Koppang; Samuel A.M. Martin; Johanna Hol Fosse; Richard S. Taylor; Daniel J. Macqueen (Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2024)

Shallow carbonate geochemistry in the Bahamas since the last interglacial period - Stacey Edmonsond; Matthew D. Nadeau; Andrew C. Turner; Ziman Wu; Emily C. Geyman; Anne-Sofie C. Ahm; Blake Dyer; Sergey Oleynik; David McGee; Daniel A. Stolper; John A. Higgins; Adam C. Maloof (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2024)

Estimating reductions in the risk of vessels striking whales achieved by management strategies - Jessica V. Redfern; Brooke C. Hodge; Daniel E. Pendleton; Amy R. Knowlton; Jeffrey Adams; Eric M. Patterson; Caroline P. Good; Jason J. Roberts (Biological Conservation, 2024)

Black-tailed deer resource selection reveals some mechanisms behind the ‘luxury effect’ in urban wildlife - Jason T Fisher; Hugh W. Fuller; Adam Hering; Sandra Frey; Alina C. Fisher (Urban Ecosystems, 2024)

How to cross the desert if you are small and need mountains? Out‐of‐Ethiopia dispersal in Afromontane shrews - Malahat Dianat; Adam Konečný; Leonid A. Lavrenchenko; Julian C. Kerbis Peterhans; Terrence C. Demos; Violaine Nicolas; David Ortiz; Josef Bryja (Journal of Biogeography, 2024)
Aim The Eastern Afromontane Biodiversity Hotspot (EABH) offers an ideal location to investigate the evolutionary mechanisms producing a high level of endemic biodiversity. We tested the hypothesis that the cradle of Eastern Afromontane diversity is in the largest sub‐region of the EABH montane archipelago, that is the Ethiopian Highlands. Further, we expected that climate oscillations followed by elevational shifts in montane habitats facilitated the dispersal of small mammal populations across unsuitable arid lowlands. Location Mountains and highlands of East Africa. Taxon Shrews of the genus Crocidura (Eastern Afromontane phylogenetic clade). Methods We collected comprehensive genetic data from 511 (mitochondrial gene for cytochrome b ) and 147 (double digest Restriction‐Associated DNA sequencing) samples of Crocidura shrews across the EABH. We estimated phylogenetic relationships with Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood approaches. Population genetic analyses were performed in STRUCTURE to evaluate the internal structure of species outside Ethiopia. Ancestral area and dispersal routes were analysed by the BioGeoBears package. Results Six major phylogenomic clades were delimited based on concatenated nuclear loci. The mitochondrial phylogeny roughly matches nuclear phylogenies, but with poorer resolution. Five of the six revealed clades are restricted to the Ethiopian Highlands, which is unambiguously the cradle of the diversity of this group of mammals (also confirmed by the biogeographic analysis). All non‐Ethiopian and a single Ethiopian species fall into the sixth clade with poorly resolved internal relationships. Detailed population genetic analysis of SNP data revealed a pronounced structure with multiple gene pools in this clade; however, this structure only partly corresponds with the current taxonomy. Main Conclusions Eastern Afromontane Crocidura shrews originated in the Ethiopian Highlands. They radiated there, and through a single southward dispersal event across the Turkana depression, they colonised the rest of the EABH in response to diverse geomorphology and climatic changes during the Plio‐Pleistocene.

Honoring the legacy of a conservation champion: Bob Pressey (1953–2023) - Jorge G. Álvarez‐Romero; Vanessa M. Adams; Natalie C. Ban; Morena Mills; Piero Visconti (Conservation Biology, 2024)

Evidence of a small, island-associated population of common bottlenose dolphins in the Mariana Islands - Karen K. Martien; Marie C. Hill; Frederick I. Archer; Robin W. Baird; Andrea R. Bendlin; Louella Dolar; Allan D. Ligon; Erin M. Oleson; Kelly M. Robertson; Samuel M. Woodman; Adam C. Ü; Kymberly M. Yano; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
Small, island-associated populations of cetaceans have evolved around numerous oceanic islands, likely due to habitat discontinuities between nearshore and offshore waters. However, little is known about the ecology and structure of cetacean populations around the Mariana Islands, a remote archipelago in the western Pacific Ocean. We present sighting, photo-identification, and genetic data collected during twelve years of surveys around these islands that reveal the existence of a small, island-associated population of bottlenose dolphins. Nearly half of the photo-identified individuals were encountered in more than one year. Both haplotypic and nuclear genetic diversity among sampled individuals was low (haplotypic diversity = 0.701, nuclear heterozygosity = 0.658), suggesting low abundance. We used mark-recapture analysis of photo-identification data to estimate yearly abundance in the southern portion of the population’s range from 2011 to 2018. Each abundance estimate was less than 54 individuals, with each upper 95% confidence interval below 100. Additional survey effort is necessary to generate a full population abundance estimate. We found extensive introgression of Fraser’s dolphin DNA into both the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes of the population, suggesting at least two hybridization events more than two generations in the past. The Mariana Islands are used extensively by the U.S. military for land and sea training operations. Thus, this unique bottlenose dolphin population likely faces high exposure to multiple threats.

Evaluation of two beef cow fixed-time AI protocols that utilize presynchronization - Jaclyn N. Ketchum; Lacey K. Quail; Kaitlin M. Epperson; Chloey P. Guy; Jerica J.J. Rich; Saulo Menegatti Zoca; Adalaide C. Kline; Taylor N. Andrews; Julie A. Walker; Pedro Levy Piza Fontes; Sandy K. Johnson; Megan P.T. Owen; et al. (Theriogenology, 2024)

Estimating tree species composition from airborne laser scanning data using point-based deep learning models - Brent A. Murray; Nicholas C. Coops; Lukas Winiwarter; Joanne C. White; Adam Dick; Ignacio Barbeito; Ahmed Ragab (ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2024)

Long-term ozone exposure and lung function in middle childhood - Marnie F. Hazlehurst; Logan C. Dearborn; Allison R. Sherris; Christine T. Loftus; Margaret A. Adgent; Adam A. Szpiro; Yu Ni; Drew B. Day; Joel D. Kaufman; Neeta Thakur; Rosalind J. Wright; Sheela Sathyanarayana; et al. (Environmental Research, 2024)

A gene therapy targeting medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) did not protect against diabetes-induced cardiac pathology - Kate L. Weeks; Helen Kiriazis; Glenn D. Wadley; Emma I. Masterman; Nicola M. Sergienko; Antonia J. A. Raaijmakers; Adam J. Trewin; Claudia A. Harmawan; Gunes S. Yildiz; Yingying Liu; Brian G. Drew; Paul Gregorevic; et al. (Journal of Molecular Medicine, 2024)

Variability in the duration and timing of the estuarine to freshwater transition of critically endangered European eel Anguilla anguilla - Rose M. Boardman; Adrian C. Pinder; Adam T. Piper; Catherine Gutmann Roberts; Rosalind M. Wright; J. Robert Britton (Aquatic Sciences, 2024)
The European eel ( Anguilla anguilla L.) is a critically endangered catadromous fish. Their inshore and in-river arrival as glass eel and elvers is an important stage of their life cycle, marking the transition from marine to freshwater habitats. Considerable knowledge gaps remain on the temporal and spatial patterns of this transition period to freshwater residency. Stable isotope (SI) analysis (δ 13 C, δ 15 N) was used to assess the timing and duration of the marine to freshwater transition among glass eels and elvers migrating upstream of the weirs at, or just upstream of, the tidal limit of four English rivers. (Parrett, Frome, Piddle, Chelmer). Variability in SI was low in the Parrett and Frome, resulting in narrow isotopic niches, but was high in the Piddle and Chelmer, resulting in wider niches. The Parrett and Frome data were then used to train a discriminant function analysis (DFA) model to classify eels as ‘marine’, ‘freshwater-established’ and ‘transitioning’. When applied to the Piddle and Chelmer eel SI data, only a small proportion of eels were classified as marine and transitioning, with most being freshwater established. These results suggest that most eels present in the lower reaches rivers have been present for sufficient time for their SI values to represent feeding on local prey resources, with relatively few eels being newly arrived from the marine environment. The transition of eels from marine to freshwater in this species can therefore be prolonged, with many ascending rivers at least one winter after their initial arrival.

Bacterial biogeography of the Indian Ocean - Melissa L. Brock; Alyse A. Larkin; Eric J. Raes; Adam C. Martiny (Limnology and Oceanography, 2024)
Historically, our understanding of bacterial ecology in the Indian Ocean has been limited to regional studies that place emphasis on community structure and function within oxygen‐minimum zones. Thus, bacterial community dynamics across the wider Indian Ocean are largely undescribed. As part of Bio‐GO‐SHIP, we sequenced the 16S rRNA gene from 465 samples collected on sections I07N and I09N. We found that (1) there were 23 distinct bioregions within the Indian Ocean, (2) the southeastern gyre had the largest gradient in bacterial alpha‐diversity, (3) the Indian Ocean surface microbiome was primarily composed of a core set of taxa, and (4) bioregions were characterized by transitions in physical and geochemical conditions. Overall, we showed that bacterial community structure spatially delineated the surface Indian Ocean and that these microbially defined regions were reflective of subtle ocean physical and geochemical gradients. Therefore, incorporating metrics of in situ microbial communities into marine ecological regions traditionally defined by remote sensing will improve our ability to delineate warm, oligotrophic regions.

Canary in the forest?—Tree mortality and canopy dieback of western redcedar linked to drier and warmer summers - R. A. Andrus; L. R. Peach; A. R. Cinquini; B. Mills; J. T. Yusi; C. Buhl; M. Fischer; B. A. Goodrich; J. M. Hulbert; A. Holz; A. J. H. Meddens; K. B. Moffett; et al. (Journal of Biogeography, 2024)
Aim Forest dieback is increasing from unfavourable climate conditions. Western redcedar (WRC)—a culturally, ecologically and economically important species—has recently experienced anomalously high mortality rates and partial canopy dieback. We investigated how WRC tree growth and dieback responded to climate variability and drought using tree‐ring methods. Location Pacific Northwest, USA. Taxon Western redcedar ( Thuja plicata ). Methods We collected tree cores from three tree health status groups (no canopy dieback, partial canopy dieback, and dead trees) at 11 sites in coastal (maritime climate) and interior (continental climate) WRC populations. From growth rates, we computed four growth indices that assessed the resilience to drought and estimated the year of death. Results Warmer and drier climate conditions in May/June that extended the annual July‐to‐September dry season reduced radial growth in 9 of 11 sites (1975–2020). WRC trees recovered growth to pre‐drought rates within 3 years when post‐drought climate conditions were cooler/wetter than average. However, recovery from drought was slower or absent when warmer/drier conditions occurred during the post‐drought recovery period, possibly leading to the recent and widespread mortality across the coastal population. WRC mortality was portended by 4–5 years of declining growth. Annually‐resolved mortality in coastal populations predominately occurred in 2017–2018 (80% of sampled dead trees), a period that coincided with exceedingly hot temperatures and the longest regionally dry period from May to September (1970–2020). In interior populations, mortality was dispersed among years but associated with warmer and drier conditions from August to September. Main conclusions Our findings forewarn that a warming climate and more frequent and severe summer droughts, especially in consecutive years, will likely increase the vulnerability of WRC to canopy dieback and mortality and possibly other drought‐sensitive trees in one of the world's largest forest carbon sinks.

Microbiome ecological memory and responses to repeated marine heatwaves clarify variation in coral bleaching and mortality - Alex D. Vompe; Hannah E. Epstein; Kelly E. Speare; Emily R. Schmeltzer; Thomas C. Adam; Deron E. Burkepile; Thomas J. Sharpton; Rebecca Vega Thurber (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Microbiomes are essential features of holobionts, providing their hosts with key metabolic and functional traits like resistance to environmental disturbances and diseases. In scleractinian corals, questions remain about the microbiome's role in resistance and resilience to factors contributing to the ongoing global coral decline and whether microbes serve as a form of holobiont ecological memory. To test if and how coral microbiomes affect host health outcomes during repeated disturbances, we conducted a large‐scale (32 exclosures, 200 colonies, and 3 coral species sampled) and long‐term (28 months, 2018–2020) manipulative experiment on the forereef of Mo'orea, French Polynesia. In 2019 and 2020, this reef experienced the two most severe marine heatwaves on record for the site. Our experiment and these events afforded us the opportunity to test microbiome dynamics and roles in the context of coral bleaching and mortality resulting from these successive and severe heatwaves. We report unique microbiome responses to repeated heatwaves in Acropora retusa , Porites lobata , and Pocillopora spp., which included: microbiome acclimatization in A. retusa , and both microbiome resilience to the first marine heatwave and microbiome resistance to the second marine heatwave in Pocillopora spp. Moreover, observed microbiome dynamics significantly correlated with coral species‐specific phenotypes. For example, bleaching and mortality in A. retusa both significantly increased with greater microbiome beta dispersion and greater Shannon Diversity, while P. lobata colonies had different microbiomes across mortality prevalence. Compositional microbiome changes, such as changes to proportions of differentially abundant putatively beneficial to putatively detrimental taxa to coral health outcomes during repeated heat stress, also correlated with host mortality, with higher proportions of detrimental taxa yielding higher mortality in A. retusa . This study reveals evidence for coral species‐specific microbial responses to repeated heatwaves and, importantly, suggests that host‐dependent microbiome dynamics may provide a form of holobiont ecological memory to repeated heat stress.

Groundwater is a hidden global keystone ecosystem - Mattia Saccò; Stefano Mammola; Florian Altermatt; Roman Alther; Rossano Bolpagni; Anton Brancelj; David Brankovits; Cene Fišer; Vasilis Gerovasileiou; Christian Griebler; Simone Guareschi; Grant C. Hose; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Groundwater is a vital ecosystem of the global water cycle, hosting unique biodiversity and providing essential services to societies. Despite being the largest unfrozen freshwater resource, in a period of depletion by extraction and pollution, groundwater environments have been repeatedly overlooked in global biodiversity conservation agendas. Disregarding the importance of groundwater as an ecosystem ignores its critical role in preserving surface biomes. To foster timely global conservation of groundwater, we propose elevating the concept of keystone species into the realm of ecosystems, claiming groundwater as a keystone ecosystem that influences the integrity of many dependent ecosystems. Our global analysis shows that over half of land surface areas (52.6%) has a medium‐to‐high interaction with groundwater, reaching up to 74.9% when deserts and high mountains are excluded. We postulate that the intrinsic transboundary features of groundwater are critical for shifting perspectives towards more holistic approaches in aquatic ecology and beyond. Furthermore, we propose eight key themes to develop a science‐policy integrated groundwater conservation agenda. Given ecosystems above and below the ground intersect at many levels, considering groundwater as an essential component of planetary health is pivotal to reduce biodiversity loss and buffer against climate change.

Astaxanthin and meclizine extend lifespan in UM-HET3 male mice; fisetin, SG1002 (hydrogen sulfide donor), dimethyl fumarate, mycophenolic acid, and 4-phenylbutyrate do not significantly affect lifespan in either sex at the doses and schedules used - David E. Harrison; Randy Strong; Peter Reifsnyder; Nadia Rosenthal; Ron Korstanje; Elizabeth Fernandez; Kevin Flurkey; Brett C. Ginsburg; Meredith D. Murrell; Martin A. Javors; Marisa Lopez-Cruzan; James F. Nelson; et al. (GeroScience, 2023)
In genetically heterogeneous (UM-HET3) mice produced by the CByB6F1 × C3D2F1 cross, the Nrf2 activator astaxanthin (Asta) extended the median male lifespan by 12% ( p = 0.003, log-rank test), while meclizine (Mec), an mTORC1 inhibitor, extended the male lifespan by 8% ( p = 0.03). Asta was fed at 1840 ± 520 (9) ppm and Mec at 544 ± 48 (9) ppm, stated as mean ± SE ( n ) of independent diet preparations. Both were started at 12 months of age. The 90th percentile lifespan for both treatments was extended in absolute value by 6% in males, but neither was significant by the Wang–Allison test. Five other new agents were also tested as follows: fisetin, SG1002 (hydrogen sulfide donor), dimethyl fumarate, mycophenolic acid, and 4-phenylbutyrate. None of these increased lifespan significantly at the dose and method of administration tested in either sex. Amounts of dimethyl fumarate in the diet averaged 35% of the target dose, which may explain the absence of lifespan effects. Body weight was not significantly affected in males by any of the test agents. Late life weights were lower in females fed Asta and Mec, but lifespan was not significantly affected in these females. The male-specific lifespan benefits from Asta and Mec may provide insights into sex-specific aspects of aging.

Un‘covering’ blanket bonds: Assessing the adoption of blanket bonds across the states - Nurun Naher; Adam P. Mayer; Jonathan M. Fisk; John C. Morris (The Extractive Industries and Society, 2023)

Net effects explains the benefits to children from maternal fish consumption despite methylmercury in fish - Philip Spiller; Edwin van Wijngaarden; Heather R. Adams; J.J. Strain; Emeir M. McSorley; Maria S. Mulhern; Marie C. Conway; Allison J. Yeates; Clark Carrington; P. Michael Bolger; Kara M. Morgan; Caroline M. Taylor; et al. (NeuroToxicology, 2023)

Building bipartisan support for pro-environmental water policy in a competitive communication environment: The effect of competing moral frames and political communicators - Sadie Hundemer; Martha C. Monroe; Damian C. Adams (Journal of Hydrology, 2023)

Tastiness of meat and plant protein foods are associated with political partisanship and may be influenced by partisan messaging - Jonathan C. Kershaw; Alissa A. Nolden; Adam R. Brown; Tara Hites; Laura K. Jefferies (Food Quality and Preference, 2023)

Projection of extreme heat- and cold-related mortality in Sweden based on the spatial synoptic classification - Osvaldo Fonseca-Rodríguez; Ryan E. Adams; Scott C. Sheridan; Barbara Schumann (Environmental Research, 2023)

Mixed nitrate and metal contamination influences operational speciation of toxic and essential elements - Michael P. Thorgersen; Jennifer L. Goff; Farris L. Poole; Kathleen F. Walker; Andrew D. Putt; Lauren M. Lui; Terry C. Hazen; Adam P. Arkin; Michael W.W. Adams (Environmental Pollution, 2023)

Correction to: The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) Device for the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: Ten Years of Lessons Learned and Adjustments in Practice from the WorldWideWEB Consortium - Adam A. Dmytriw; Mahmoud Dibas; Sherief Ghozy; Nimer Adeeb; Jose Danilo Bengzon Diestro; Kevin Phan; Hugo H. Cuellar-Saenz; Ahmad Sweid; Sovann V. Lay; Adrien Guenego; Leonardo Renieri; Ali Al Balushi; et al. (Translational Stroke Research, 2023)

Integrated hydrological modeling of the No-Name watershed, Medicine Bow Mountains, Wyoming (USA) - Jianying Jiao; Ye Zhang; Andrew D. Parsekian; Scott Miller; Reed M. Maxwell; Minh C. Nguyen; Brady Adams Flinchum (Hydrogeology Journal, 2023)

Sublethal consequences of ultraviolet radiation exposure on vertebrates: Synthesis through meta‐analysis - Adam T. Downie; Nicholas C. Wu; Rebecca L. Cramp; Craig E. Franklin (Global Change Biology, 2023)
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from the sun is a natural daytime stressor for vertebrates in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. UVR effects on the physiology of vertebrates manifest at the cellular level, but have bottom‐up effects at the tissue level and on whole‐animal performance and behaviours. Climate change and habitat loss (i.e. loss of shelter from UVR) could interact with and exacerbate the genotoxic and cytotoxic impacts of UVR on vertebrates. Therefore, it is important to understand the range and magnitude of effects that UVR can have on a diversity of physiological metrics, and how these may be shaped by taxa, life stage or geographical range in the major vertebrate groups. Using a meta‐analytical approach, we used 895 observations from 47 different vertebrate species (fish, amphibian, reptile and bird), and 51 physiological metrics (i.e. cellular, tissue and whole‐animal metrics), across 73 independent studies, to elucidate the general patterns of UVR effects on vertebrate physiology. We found that while UVR's impacts on vertebrates are generally negative, fish and amphibians were the most susceptible taxa, adult and larvae were the most susceptible life stages, and animals inhabiting temperate and tropical latitudes were the most susceptible to UVR stress. This information is critical to further our understanding of the adaptive capacity of vulnerable taxon to UVR stress, and the wide‐spread sublethal physiological effects of UVR on vertebrates, such as DNA damage and cellular stress, which may translate up to impaired growth and locomotor performance. These impairments to individual fitness highlighted by our study may potentially cause disruptions at the ecosystem scale, especially if the effects of this pervasive diurnal stressor are exacerbated by climate change and reduced refuge due to habitat loss and degradation. Therefore, conservation of habitats that provide refuge to UVR stress will be critical to mitigate stress from this pervasive daytime stressor.

Value of combining transect counts and telemetry data to determine short‐term population trends in a globally threatened species - Corinne J. Kendall; Claire Bracebridge; Emily C. Lynch; Msafiri Mgumba; Ara Monadjem; Aaron Nicholas; Adam Kane (Conservation Biology, 2023)
To evaluate conservation interventions, it is necessary to obtain reliable population trends for short ( Gyps africanus ]) and transect counts conducted over 8 years (for 7 scavenging raptors) in 3 large protected areas in Tanzania. Population trends were estimated using survival analysis combined with the Leslie Lefkovitch matrix model from the telemetry data and using Bayesian mixed effects generalized linear regression models from the transect data. Both methods showed significant declines for white‐backed vultures in Ruaha and Nyerere National Parks. Only telemetry estimates suggested significant declines in Katavi National Park. Encounter rates calculated from transects also showed declines in Nyerere National Park for lappet‐faced vultures (38% annual declines) and Bateleurs (18%) and in Ruaha National Park for white‐headed vultures ( Trigonoceps occipitalis ) (19%). Mortality rates recorded and inferred from telemetry suggested that poisoning is prevalent. However, only 6 mortalities of the 26 presumed mortalities were confirmed to be caused by poisoning, highlighting the challenges of determining the cause of death when working across large landscapes. Despite declines, our data provide evidence that southern Tanzania has higher current encounter rates of African vultures than elsewhere in East Africa. Preventing further declines will depend greatly on mitigating poisoning. Based on our results, we suggest that the use of multiple techniques improves understanding of population trends over the short term.

Research on timed AI in beef cattle: Past, present and future, a 27-year perspective - Pedro L.J. Monteiro; Carlos Eduardo C. Consentini; João Paulo N. Andrade; Adam D. Beard; Alvaro Garcia-Guerra; Roberto Sartori; Milo C. Wiltbank (Theriogenology, 2023)

Exploring the internal textures and physical properties of digitate sinter in hot springs: Implications for remote sampling on Mars - Ema E. Nersezova; Michael C. Rowe; Kathleen A. Campbell; Andrew Ang; Steve Matthews; Steven W. Ruff; Ashok Meghwal; Ludmila Adam; Niamh Galligan; Thomas Loho (Planetary and Space Science, 2023)

Support for management actions to protect night sky quality: Insights from visitors to state and national park units in the U.S. - J. Adam Beeco; Emily J. Wilkins; Anna B. Miller; Chase C. Lamborn; Sharolyn J. Anderson; Zachary D. Miller; Jordan W. Smith (Journal of Environmental Management, 2023)

Symptom frequency and exposure to a cyanobacteria bloom in Florida - John S. Reif; Nicole Stockley; Kathi Harvey; Malcolm McFarland; Shirley C. Gordon; Adam M. Schaefer (Harmful Algae, 2023)

Evaluating the trophic transfer of PCBs from fish to humans: Insights from a synergism of environmental monitoring and physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling - Adam M. Simpson; Samuel A. Nutile; Olivia C. Hodgson; Ashley E. Russell; Jeremiah D. Keyes; Cody C. Wood; Ronald J. Buckanovich (Environmental Pollution, 2023)

Living mulches reduce natural enemies when combined with frequent pesticide applications - T. Blake Hudson; Adam M. Alford; Tom R. Bilbo; Sean C. Boyle; Helene B. Doughty; Thomas P. Kuhar; Lorena Lopez; Kelly C. McIntyre; Allison K. Stawara; James F. Walgenbach; Courtney Walls; Carmen K. Blubaugh (Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2023)

Subseasonal Prediction of Early-summer Northeast Asian Cut-off Lows by BCC-CSM2-HR and GloSea5 - Yu Nie; Jie Wu; Jinqing Zuo; Hong-Li Ren; Adam A. Scaife; Nick Dunstone; Steven C. Hardiman (Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2023)

A census of quality-controlled Biogeochemical-Argo float measurements - Adam C. Stoer; Yuichiro Takeshita; Tanya Lea Maurer; Charlotte Begouen Demeaux; Henry C. Bittig; Emmanuel Boss; Hervé Claustre; Giorgio Dall’Olmo; Christopher Gordon; Blair John William Greenan; Kenneth S. Johnson; Emanuele Organelli; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2023)
Biogeochemical- (BGC-) Argo aims to deploy and maintain a global array of autonomous profiling floats to monitor ocean biogeochemistry. With over 250,000 profiles collected so far, the BGC-Argo network is rapidly expanding toward the target of a sustained fleet of 1,000 floats. These floats prioritize the measurement of six key properties: oxygen, nitrate, pH, chlorophyll-a, suspended particles, and downwelling light. To assess the current biogeochemical state of the ocean, its variability, and trends with confidence, it is crucial to quality control these measurements. Accordingly, BGC-Argo maintains a quality control system using manual inspection and parameter-specific algorithms for flagging and adjusting data. In this study, we provide a census of the quantity and quality of measurements from BGC-Argo based on their quality flagging system. The purpose of this census is to assess the current status of the array in terms of data quality, how data quality has changed over time, and to provide a better understanding of the quality-controlled data to current and future users. Alongside increasing profile numbers and spatial coverage, we report that for most parameters between 80 and 95% of the profiles collected so far contain high-quality BGC data, with an exception for pH. The quality of pH profiles has seen a large improvement in the last five years and is on track to match the data quality of other BGC parameters. We highlight how BGC-Argo is improving and discuss strategies to increase the quality and quantity of BGC profiles available to users. This census shows that tracking percentages of high-quality data through time is useful for monitoring float sensor technology and helpful for ensuring the long-term success of BGC-Argo.

Flow cytometry methods for targeted isolation of ctenophore cells - Abigail C. Dieter; Aliyah B. K. True; Emily A. Gilbertson; Grace Snyder; Adam Lacy-Hulbert; Nikki Traylor-Knowles; William E. Browne; Lauren E. Vandepas (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2023)
Cell suspension fluidics, such as flow cytometry (FCS) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), facilitates the identification and precise separation of individual cells based on phenotype. Since its introduction, flow cytometry has been used to analyze cell types and cellular processes in diverse non-vertebrate taxa, including cnidarians, molluscs, and arthropods. Ctenophores, which diverged very early from the metazoan stem lineage, have emerged as an informative clade for the study of metazoan cell type evolution. We present standardized methodologies for flow cytometry-mediated identification and analyses of cells from the model ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi that can also be applied to isolate targeted cell populations. Here we focus on the identification and isolation of ctenophore phagocytes. Implementing flow cytometry methods in ctenophores allows for fine scale analyses of fundamental cellular processes conserved broadly across animals, as well as potentially revealing novel cellular phenotypes and behaviors restricted to the ctenophore lineage.

Connecting memory and functional brain networks in older adults: a resting-state fMRI study - Jori L. Waner; Hanna K. Hausman; Jessica N. Kraft; Cheshire Hardcastle; Nicole D. Evangelista; Andrew O’Shea; Alejandro Albizu; Emanuel M. Boutzoukas; Emily J. Van Etten; Pradyumna K. Bharadwaj; Hyun Song; Samantha G. Smith; et al. (GeroScience, 2023)

Blazing a trail for the clinical use of rapamycin as a geroprotecTOR - Adam R. Konopka; Dudley W. Lamming; Brittany A. Grasso; Rebecca C. Marrah; Sara Decker; Neetika Garg; Yeonhee Park; Sin Yin Lim; Judith A. Simcox; Cara L. Green; Isaac Grunow; Amanjot K. Yadev; et al. (GeroScience, 2023)

Examination of the potential of refrigerated seawater to improve live transport of the mussel Perna canaliculus: Physiological responses, meat quality and safety implications under different chilled storage conditions - Nicholas P.L. Tuckey; Belinda A. Timms; Graham C. Fletcher; Graeme Summers; Natalí J. Delorme; Jessica A. Ericson; Norman L.C. Ragg; Poppy Miller; Reginald Wibisono; Roland Taylor; Serean L. Adams; Leonardo N. Zamora (Aquaculture, 2023)

Tree species richness around urban red maples reduces pest density but does not enhance biological control - Caleb J. Wilson; Kristi M. Backe; Michael G. Just; Eleanor C. Lahr; Annemarie M. Nagle; Lawrence C. Long; Adam G. Dale; Steven D. Frank (Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2023)

Improving the rigor and utility of botanical toxicity studies: Recommended resources - Deval Patel; Barbara C. Sorkin; Constance A. Mitchell; Michelle R. Embry; Sharline Rina-Kong; Rebecca E. Adams; Emily R. DeTemple; Aalekhya Reddam; Stefan Gafner; Olaf Kelber; Cynthia V. Rider; Hellen Oketch-Rabah; et al. (Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2023)

Racial/ethnic and Birth Origin Differences in Diet Quality Among Adults in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2018 - I. Adams; N. Hamad; A. Pham; O. Agboola; C. Taylor (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2023)

Diet Quality Among US and Non-us Born Non-Hispanic Asian Children: NHANES 2013-2018 Data - N. Hamad; I. Adams; C. Taylor (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2023)

The applicability of G-BASE stream sediment geochemistry as a combined geological mapping, and prospective exploration tool for As-Co-Cu-Ni mineralisation across Cumbria, UK - Adam Eskdale; Sean C. Johnson; Amy Gough (Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2023)

Guidelines for the selection of corrosion resistant alloys for CCS and CCUS injection wells - Bruce Craig; Adam Rowe; Michael Warmack; Thomas E. Doll; Catherine Stevens; Kevin C. Connors (International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2023)

Desired REgeneration through Assisted Migration (DREAM): Implementing a research framework for climate-adaptive silviculture - Alejandro A. Royo; Patricia Raymond; Christel C. Kern; Bryce T. Adams; Dustin Bronson; Emilie Champagne; Daniel Dumais; Eric Gustafson; Paula E. Marquardt; Amanda M. McGraw; Jessica R. Miesel; Alison D. Munson; et al. (Forest Ecology and Management, 2023)

Adjacent and downstream effects of forest harvest on the distribution and abundance of larval headwater stream amphibians in the Oregon Coast Range - Adam Duarte; Nathan D. Chelgren; Jennifer C. Rowe; Christopher A. Pearl; Sherri L. Johnson; Michael J. Adams (Forest Ecology and Management, 2023)

Mercury in Neotropical birds: a synthesis and prospectus on 13 years of exposure data - Christopher J. Sayers; David C. Evers; Viviana Ruiz-Gutierrez; Evan Adams; Claudia M. Vega; Jessica N. Pisconte; Vania Tejeda; Kevin Regan; Oksana P. Lane; Abidas A. Ash; Reynold Cal; Stevan Reneau; et al. (Ecotoxicology, 2023)
Environmental mercury (Hg) contamination of the global tropics outpaces our understanding of its consequences for biodiversity. Knowledge gaps of pollution exposure could obscure conservation threats in the Neotropics: a region that supports over half of the world’s species, but faces ongoing land-use change and Hg emission via artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM). Due to their global distribution and sensitivity to pollution, birds provide a valuable opportunity as bioindicators to assess how accelerating Hg emissions impact an ecosystem’s ability to support biodiversity, and ultimately, global health. We present the largest database on Neotropical bird Hg concentrations ( n = 2316) and establish exposure baselines for 322 bird species spanning nine countries across Central America, South America, and the West Indies. Patterns of avian Hg exposure in the Neotropics broadly align with those in temperate regions: consistent bioaccumulation across functional groups and high spatiotemporal variation. Bird species occupying higher trophic positions and aquatic habitats exhibited elevated Hg concentrations that have been previously associated with reductions in reproductive success. Notably, bird Hg concentrations were over four times higher at sites impacted by ASGM activities and differed by season for certain trophic niches. We developed this synthesis via a collaborative research network, the Tropical Research for Avian Conservation and Ecotoxicology (TRACE) Initiative, which exemplifies inclusive, equitable, and international data-sharing. While our findings signal an urgent need to assess sampling biases, mechanisms, and consequences of Hg exposure to tropical avian communities, the TRACE Initiative provides a meaningful framework to achieve such goals. Ultimately, our collective efforts support and inform local, scientific, and government entities, including Parties of the United Nations Minamata Convention on Mercury, as we continue working together to understand how Hg pollution impacts biodiversity conservation, ecosystem function, and public health in the tropics.

Distribution and trends of mercury in aquatic and terrestrial biota of New York, USA: a synthesis of 50 years of research and monitoring - Evan M. Adams; Julia E. Gulka; Yang Yang; Mark E. H. Burton; Douglas A. Burns; Valerie Buxton; Lisa Cleckner; Christopher R. DeSorbo; Charles T. Driscoll; David C. Evers; Nicholas Fisher; Oksana Lane; et al. (Ecotoxicology, 2023)

Variation in hysterectomy prevalence and trends among U.S. States and Territories—Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2012–2020 - Sameer V. Gopalani; Sabitha R. Dasari; Emily E. Adam; Trevor D. Thompson; Mary C. White; Mona Saraiya (Cancer Causes & Control, 2023)

Predictability and Risk of Extreme Winter PM2.5 Concentration in Beijing - Jingpeng Liu; Adam A. Scaife; Nick Dunstone; Hong-Li Ren; Doug Smith; Steven C. Hardiman; Bo Wu (Journal of Meteorological Research, 2023)

BioDeepTime: A database of biodiversity time series for modern and fossil assemblages - Jansen Smith; Marina C. Rillo; Ádám T. Kocsis; Maria Dornelas; David Fastovich; Huai‐Hsuan M. Huang; Lukas Jonkers; Wolfgang Kiessling; Qijian Li; Lee Hsiang Liow; Miranda Margulis‐Ohnuma; Stephen Meyers; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2023)
Motivation We have little understanding of how communities respond to varying magnitudes and rates of environmental perturbations across temporal scales. BioDeepTime harmonizes assemblage time series of presence and abundance data to help facilitate investigations of community dynamics across timescales and the response of communities to natural and anthropogenic stressors. BioDeepTime includes time series of terrestrial and aquatic assemblages of varying spatial and temporal grain and extent from the present‐day to millions of years ago. Main Types of Variables Included BioDeepTime currently contains 7,437,847 taxon records from 10,062 assemblage time series, each with a minimum of 10 time steps. Age constraints, sampling method, environment and taxonomic scope are provided for each time series. Spatial Location and Grain The database includes 8752 unique sampling locations from freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Spatial grain represented by individual samples varies from quadrats on the order of several cm 2 to grid cells of ~100 km 2 . Time Period and Grain BioDeepTime in aggregate currently spans the last 451 million years, with the 10,062 modern and fossil assemblage time series ranging in extent from years to millions of years. The median extent of modern time series is 18.7 years and for fossil series is 54,872 years. Temporal grain, the time encompassed by individual samples, ranges from days to tens of thousands of years. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement The database contains information on 28,777 unique taxa with 4,769,789 records at the species level and another 271,218 records known to the genus level, including time series of benthic and planktonic foraminifera, coccolithophores, diatoms, ostracods, plants (pollen), radiolarians and other invertebrates and vertebrates. There are to date 7012 modern and 3050 fossil time series in BioDeepTime. Software Format SQLite, Comma‐separated values.

Fruit availability and human disturbance influence forest elephant group size - Amelia C. Meier; Stephanie Bourgeois; Evan Adams; Hugues Bikang; Liam Jasperse-Sjolander; Matthew Lewis; Juliana Masseloux; Dana J. Morin; John R. Poulsen (Animal Behaviour, 2023)

Immediate and delayed effects of a heatwave and Prorocentrum lima ((Ehrenberg) Stein 1878) bloom on the toxin accumulation, physiology, and survival of the oyster Magallana gigas (Thunberg, 1793) - Ellen Grace M. Funesto; Adam M. Lewis; Andrew D. Turner; Tom C. Cameron; Michael Steinke (Science of The Total Environment, 2023)

Patterns and drivers of macroalgal ‘blue carbon’ transport and deposition in near-shore coastal environments - Erlania; Alecia Bellgrove; Peter I. Macreadie; Mary A. Young; Owen J. Holland; Zach Clark; Daniel Ierodiaconou; Rafael C. Carvalho; David Kennedy; Adam D. Miller (Science of The Total Environment, 2023)

Wind and shipping influences on sea currents around an inshore fish farm in a heavily contested Mediterranean embayment - Karl Cutajar; Adam Gauci; Lynne Falconer; Alexia Massa-Gallucci; Rachel E. Cox; Marina E. Beltri; Tamás Bardócz; Alan Deidun; Trevor C. Telfer (Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2023)

Diversification of the sleepers (Gobiiformes: Gobioidei: Eleotridae) and evolution of the root gobioid families - Christine E. Thacker; W. Tyler McCraney; Richard C. Harrington; Thomas J. Near; James J. Shelley; Mark Adams; Michael P. Hammer; Peter J. Unmack (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2023)

Human Milk, Infant Formula, and Other Milks Fed to Infants and Toddlers in the United States, NHANES 2007-2018 - Jessica E. Decker; Michelle T. Delahanty; Adam Davey; Shannon M. Robson; Jillian C. Trabulsi (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2023)

Overview of methods to characterize the mass, size, and morphology of soot - Timothy A. Sipkens; Adam Boies; Joel C. Corbin; Rajan K. Chakrabarty; Jason Olfert; Steven N. Rogak (Journal of Aerosol Science, 2023)

Imaging of large volume subcutaneous deposition using MRI: exploratory clinical study results - Ronald J. Pettis; Wendy D. Woodley; Kevin C. Ossege; Adam Blum; Natasha G. Bolick; Christopher J. Rini (Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 2023)
Subcutaneous (SC) delivery is a preferred route of administration for biotherapeutics but has predominantly been limited to volumes below 3 mL. With higher volume drug formulations emerging, understanding large volume SC (LVSC) depot localization, dispersion, and impact on the SC environment has become more critical. The aim of this exploratory clinical imaging study was to assess the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify and characterize LVSC injections and their effect on SC tissue as a function of delivery site and volume. Healthy adult subjects received incremental injections of normal saline up to 5 mL total volume in the arm and up to 10 mL in the abdomen and thigh. MRI images were acquired after each incremental SC injection. Post-image analysis was performed to correct imaging artifacts, identify depot tissue location, create 3-dimensional (3D) SC depot rendering, and estimate in vivo bolus volumes and SC tissue distention. LVSC saline depots were readily achieved, imaged using MRI, and quantified via subsequent image reconstructions. Imaging artifacts occurred under some conditions, necessitating corrections applied during image analysis. 3D renderings were created for both the depot alone and in relation to the SC tissue boundaries. LVSC depots remained predominantly within the SC tissue and expanded with increasing injection volume. Depot geometry varied across injection sites and localized physiological structure changes were observed to accommodate LVSC injection volumes. MRI is an effective means to clinically visualize LVSC depots and SC architecture allowing assessment of deposition and dispersion of injected formulations. Trial Registration: Not applicable for this exploratory clinical imaging study. Graphical Abstract

Parasite manipulation of host phenotypes inferred from transcriptional analyses in a trematode‐amphipod system - David M. Rand; Joaquin C. B. Nunez; Shawn Williams; Stephen Rong; John T. Burley; Kimberly B. Neil; Adam N. Spierer; Wilson McKerrow; David S. Johnson; Yevgeniy Raynes; Thomas J. Fayton; Nicholas Skvir; et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2023)
Manipulation of host phenotypes by parasites is hypothesized to be an adaptive strategy enhancing parasite transmission across hosts and generations. Characterizing the molecular mechanisms of manipulation is important to advance our understanding of host–parasite coevolution. The trematode ( Levinseniella byrdi ) is known to alter the colour and behaviour of its amphipod host ( Orchestia grillus ) presumably increasing predation of amphipods which enhances trematode transmission through its life cycle. We sampled 24 infected and 24 uninfected amphipods from a salt marsh in Massachusetts to perform differential gene expression analysis. In addition, we constructed novel genomic tools for O. grillus including a de novo genome and transcriptome. We discovered that trematode infection results in upregulation of amphipod transcripts associated with pigmentation and detection of external stimuli, and downregulation of multiple amphipod transcripts implicated in invertebrate immune responses, such as vacuolar ATPase genes. We hypothesize that suppression of immune genes and the altered expression of genes associated with coloration and behaviour may allow the trematode to persist in the amphipod and engage in further biochemical manipulation that promotes transmission. The genomic tools and transcriptomic analyses reported provide new opportunities to discover how parasites alter diverse pathways underlying host phenotypic changes in natural populations.

Investigating the eco‐evolutionary response of microbiomes to environmental change - Jennifer B. H. Martiny; Adam C. Martiny; Eoin Brodie; Alexander B. Chase; Alejandra Rodríguez‐Verdugo; Kathleen K. Treseder; Steven D. Allison (Ecology Letters, 2023)
Microorganisms are the primary engines of biogeochemical processes and foundational to the provisioning of ecosystem services to human society. Free‐living microbial communities (microbiomes) and their functioning are now known to be highly sensitive to environmental change. Given microorganisms' capacity for rapid evolution, evolutionary processes could play a role in this response. Currently, however, few models of biogeochemical processes explicitly consider how microbial evolution will affect biogeochemical responses to environmental change. Here, we propose a conceptual framework for explicitly integrating evolution into microbiome–functioning relationships. We consider how microbiomes respond simultaneously to environmental change via four interrelated processes that affect overall microbiome functioning (physiological acclimation, demography, dispersal and evolution). Recent evidence in both the laboratory and the field suggests that ecological and evolutionary dynamics occur simultaneously within microbiomes; however, the implications for biogeochemistry under environmental change will depend on the timescales over which these processes contribute to a microbiome's response. Over the long term, evolution may play an increasingly important role for microbially driven biogeochemical responses to environmental change, particularly to conditions without recent historical precedent.

Glucose metabolism in posterior cingulate cortex has supplementary value to predict the progression of cognitively unimpaired to dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease: an exploratory study of 18F-FDG-PET - Qi Zhang; Chunqiu Fan; Luyao Wang; Taoran Li; Min Wang; Ying Han; Jiehui Jiang; Michael W. Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; et al. (GeroScience, 2023)

First report of eggplant mottled dwarf virus in Pittosporum tobria in the United Kingdom - Leanne Frew; C. Hogan; K. Andrews; A. Fowkes; A. Skelton; G. Webster; M. Dixon; C. Conyers; I. Adams; S. McGreig; A. Fox (Journal of Plant Pathology, 2023)

Evidence of population-level impacts and resiliency for Gulf of Mexico shelf taxa following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill - William F. Patterson; Kelly Lynn Robinson; Beverly K. Barnett; Matthew D. Campbell; David C. Chagaris; Jeffrey P. Chanton; Kendra L. Daly; David S. Hanisko; Frank J. Hernandez; Steven A. Murawski; Adam G. Pollack; David S. Portnoy; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2023)
The goal of this paper was to review the evidence of population-level impacts of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (DWH) on Gulf of Mexico (GOM) continental shelf taxa, as well as evidence of resiliency following the DWH. There is considerable environmental and biological evidence that GOM shelf taxa were exposed to and suffered direct and indirect impacts of the DWH. Numerous assessments, from mesocosm studies to analysis of biopsied tissue or tissue samples from necropsied animals, revealed a constellation of physiological effects related to DWH impacts on GOM biota, some of which clearly or likely resulted in mortality. While the estimated concentrations of hydrocarbons in shelf waters and sediments were orders of magnitude lower than measured in inshore or deep GOM environments, the level of mortality observed or predicted was substantial for many shelf taxa. In some cases, such as for zooplankton, community shifts following the spill were ephemeral, likely reflecting high rates of population turnover and productivity. In other taxa, such as GOM reef fishes, impacts of the spill are confounded with other stressors, such as fishing mortality or the appearance and rapid population growth of invasive lionfish ( Pterois spp.). In yet others, such as cetaceans, modeling efforts to predict population-level effects of the DWH made conservative assumptions given the species’ protected status, which post-DWH population assessments either failed to detect or population increases were estimated. A persistent theme that emerged was the lack of precise population-level data or assessments prior to the DWH for many taxa, but even when data or assessments did exist, examining evidence of population resiliency was confounded by other stressors impacting GOM biota. Unless efforts are made to increase the resolution of the data or precision of population assessments, difficulties will likely remain in estimating the scale of population-level effects or resiliency in the case of future large-scale environmental catastrophes.

Characterisation of two snake toxin-targeting human monoclonal immunoglobulin G antibodies expressed in tobacco plants - Catherine M. Moore; Anne Ljungars; Matthew J. Paul; Camilla Holst Dahl; Shirin Ahmadi; Anna Christina Adams; Lise Marie Grav; Sanne Schoffelen; Bjørn Gunnar Voldborg; Andreas Hougaard Laustsen; Julian K-C Ma (Toxicon, 2023)

Technology or taphonomy? A study of the 2.04–1.95 Ma bone tools from Drimolen Main Quarry, South Africa - Rhiannon C. Stammers; Justin W. Adams; Stephanie E. Baker; Andy I.R. Herries (Quaternary International, 2023)

Geochemical and physical variability of Icelandic tephra fields and glaciovolcanic sandur to inform spatial sampling in Mars biosignature searches - Morgan L. Cable; Alexander M. Sessa; Erika Rader; Anna C. Simpson; Ashley M. Hanna; Diana M. Gentry; Scot M. Sutton; Elena S. Amador; Carlie Novak; Chloe LeCates; Mark Helmlinger; Amanda M. Stockton; et al. (Planetary and Space Science, 2023)

Simulating the migration dynamics of juvenile salmonids through rivers and estuaries using a hydrodynamically driven enhanced particle tracking model - Vamsi Krishna Sridharan; Doug Jackson; Andrew M. Hein; Russell W. Perry; Adam C. Pope; Noble Hendrix; Eric M. Danner; Steven T. Lindley (Ecological Modelling, 2023)

The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) Device for the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: Ten Years of Lessons Learned and Adjustments in Practice from the WorldWideWEB Consortium - Adam A. Dmytriw; Mahmoud Dibas; Sherief Ghozy; Nimer Adeeb; Jose Danilo Bengzon Diestro; Kevin Phan; Hugo H. Cuellar-Saenz; Ahmad Sweid; Sovann V. Lay; Adrien Guenego; Leonardo Renieri; Ali Al Balushi; et al. (Translational Stroke Research, 2023)

Remediation and re-use of weathered hydrocarbon residue for the preparation of dense asphaltic mixtures - L. Hernández-Acosta; V. I. Domínguez-Rodríguez; R. H. Adams; K. C. Jiménez-Zapata (International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2023)

Evaluation of approaches to recruitment of racially and ethnically diverse breast cancer patients from an integrated health care setting for collection of observational social network data - Candyce H. Kroenke; Elaine Kurtovich; Rhonda Aoki; Veronica C. Shim; Tracy D. Chan; Leslie Manace Brenman; Jane Bethard-Tracy; Alyce S. Adams; David P. Kennedy (Cancer Causes & Control, 2023)

Dynamic Biophysical Cues Near the Tip Cell Microenvironment Provide Distinct Guidance Signals to Angiogenic Neovessels - Adam Rauff; Jason C. Manning; James B. Hoying; Steven A. LaBelle; Hannah A. Strobel; Gregory J. Stoddard; Jeffrey A. Weiss (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2023)

The ecological causes of functional distinctiveness in communities - François Munoz; Christopher A. Klausmeier; Pierre Gaüzère; Gaurav Kandlikar; Elena Litchman; Nicolas Mouquet; Annette Ostling; Wilfried Thuiller; Adam C. Algar; Arnaud Auber; Marc W. Cadotte; Léo Delalandre; et al. (Ecology Letters, 2023)
Recent work has shown that evaluating functional trait distinctiveness, the average trait distance of a species to other species in a community offers promising insights into biodiversity dynamics and ecosystem functioning. However, the ecological mechanisms underlying the emergence and persistence of functionally distinct species are poorly understood. Here, we address the issue by considering a heterogeneous fitness landscape whereby functional dimensions encompass peaks representing trait combinations yielding positive population growth rates in a community. We identify four ecological cases contributing to the emergence and persistence of functionally distinct species. First, environmental heterogeneity or alternative phenotypic designs can drive positive population growth of functionally distinct species. Second, sink populations with negative population growth can deviate from local fitness peaks and be functionally distinct. Third, species found at the margin of the fitness landscape can persist but be functionally distinct. Fourth, biotic interactions (positive or negative) can dynamically alter the fitness landscape. We offer examples of these four cases and guidelines to distinguish between them. In addition to these deterministic processes, we explore how stochastic dispersal limitation can yield functional distinctiveness. Our framework offers a novel perspective on the relationship between fitness landscape heterogeneity and the functional composition of ecological assemblages.

Pan-primate studies of age and sex - Steve Horvath; Amin Haghani; Joseph A. Zoller; Ake T. Lu; Jason Ernst; Matteo Pellegrini; Anna J. Jasinska; Julie A. Mattison; Adam B. Salmon; Ken Raj; Markus Horvath; Kimberly C. Paul; et al. (GeroScience, 2023)
Age and sex have a profound effect on cytosine methylation levels in humans and many other species. Here we analyzed DNA methylation profiles of 2400 tissues derived from 37 primate species including 11 haplorhine species (baboons, marmosets, vervets, rhesus macaque, chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutan, humans) and 26 strepsirrhine species (suborders Lemuriformes and Lorisiformes). From these we present here, pan-primate epigenetic clocks which are highly accurate for all primates including humans (age correlation R = 0.98). We also carried out in-depth analysis of baboon DNA methylation profiles and generated five epigenetic clocks for baboons (Olive-yellow baboon hybrid), one of which, the pan-tissue epigenetic clock, was trained on seven tissue types (fetal cerebral cortex, adult cerebral cortex, cerebellum, adipose, heart, liver, and skeletal muscle) with ages ranging from late fetal life to 22.8 years of age. Using the primate data, we characterize the effect of age and sex on individual cytosines in highly conserved regions. We identify 11 sex-related CpGs on autosomes near genes ( POU3F2, CDYL, MYCL, FBXL4, ZC3H10, ZXDC, RRAS, FAM217A, RBM39, GRIA2, UHRF2 ). Low overlap can be observed between age- and sex-related CpGs. Overall, this study advances our understanding of conserved age- and sex-related epigenetic changes in primates, and provides biomarkers of aging for all primates.

Validation of a species-specific probe-based qPCR assay for the threatened meltwater stonefly, Lednia tumana, in environmental samples - Patrick R. Hutchins; Jonathan J. Giersch; Adam J. Sepulveda; Clint C. Muhlfeld (Conservation Genetics Resources, 2023)

Spatial variation in the association between agricultural activities and bird communities in Canada - Gustavo S. Betini; Egina Malaj; Courtney Donkersteeg; Adam C. Smith; Scott Wilson; Greg W. Mitchell; Robert G. Clark; Christine A. Bishop; Lynne E. Burns; Roslyn Dakin; Christy A. Morrissey; Nancy A. Mahony (Science of The Total Environment, 2023)

Multimillennial fire history of northern Finland along a latitude/elevation gradient - Marion Lacand; Hugo Asselin; Gwenaël Magne; Tuomas Aakala; Cécile C. Remy; Heikki Seppä; Adam A. Ali (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2023)

Initial characterization of a bacterial leaf streak susceptibility gene suggests it encodes a membrane transporter that influences seed nutrition and germination - Nathan J. Scinto-Madonich; Shivranjani Baruah; Sameya Young; Katherine Vignona; Andrew C. Read; Sara C.D. Carpenter; Li Wang; Xinying Shi; Geoffrey Chang; Miguel A. Piñeros; Adam J. Bogdanove (Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 2023)

Effects of preservation by ethanol on δ 13 C and δ 15 N of three tissues of the critically endangered European eel Anguilla anguilla - Rose M. Boardman; Adrian C. Pinder; Adam T. Piper; Catherine Gutmann Roberts; Rosalind M. Wright; John Robert Britton (Journal of Fish Biology, 2023)
The temporal effects of ethanol preservation on the δ 13 C and δ 15 N values of tissues excised from European eel Anguilla anguilla were assessed. Preservation significantly enriched 13 C values of fin and mucus but not dorsal muscle. The 13 C enrichment occurred in the initial 15 days of preservation and was independent of initial eel mass. Tissue preservation effects on δ 15 N values were negligible. These tissue‐specific isotopic shifts should be considered when ethanol‐preserved eel samples are used.

Herbaceous vegetation responses to experimental fire in savannas and forests depend on biome and climate - Zachary J. Gold; Adam F. A. Pellegrini; Tyler K. Refsland; Romina J. Andrioli; Marlin L. Bowles; Dale G. Brockway; Neil Burrows; Augusto C. Franco; Steve W. Hallgren; Sarah E. Hobbie; William A. Hoffmann; Kevin P. Kirkman; et al. (Ecology Letters, 2023)
Fire–vegetation feedbacks potentially maintain global savanna and forest distributions. Accordingly, vegetation in savanna and forest ecosystems should have differential responses to fire, but fire response data for herbaceous vegetation have yet to be synthesized across biomes. Here, we examined herbaceous vegetation responses to experimental fire at 30 sites spanning four continents. Across a variety of metrics, herbaceous vegetation increased in abundance where fire was applied, with larger responses to fire in wetter and in cooler and/or less seasonal systems. Compared to forests, savannas were associated with a 4.8 (±0.4) times larger difference in herbaceous vegetation abundance for burned versus unburned plots. In particular, grass cover decreased with fire exclusion in savannas, largely via decreases in C 4 grass cover, whereas changes in fire frequency had a relatively weak effect on grass cover in forests. These differential responses underscore the importance of fire for maintaining the vegetation structure of savannas and forests.

Can blood proteome diversity among fish species help explain perfluoroalkyl acid trophodynamics in aquatic food webs? - Adam D. Point; Bernard S. Crimmins; Thomas M. Holsen; Sujan Fernando; Philip K. Hopke; Costel C. Darie (Science of The Total Environment, 2023)

Large-scale hydropower impacts and adaptation strategies on rural communities in the Amazonian floodplain of the Madeira River - Caroline C. Arantes; Juliana Laufer; Adam Mayer; Emilio F. Moran; Igor R.A. Sant' Anna; Jynessa Dutka-Gianelli; Maria Claudia Lopez; Carolina R.C. Doria (Journal of Environmental Management, 2023)

A snapshot of online wildlife trade: Australian e-commerce trade of native and non-native pets - Adam Toomes; Stephanie Moncayo; Oliver C. Stringham; Charlotte Lassaline; Lisa Wood; Mariah Millington; Charlotte Drake; Charlotte Jense; Ashley Allen; Katherine G.W. Hill; Pablo García-Díaz; Lewis Mitchell; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2023)

Geographic and taxonomic variation in adaptive capacity among mountain-dwelling small mammals: Implications for conservation status and actions - Erik A. Beever; Jennifer L. Wilkening; Peter D. Billman; Lindsey L. Thurman; Kristina A. Ernest; David H. Wright; Alisha M. Gill; April C. Craighead; Nolan A. Helmstetter; Leona K. Svancara; Meghan J. Camp; Sabuj Bhattacharyya; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2023)

Machine Learning–Based Identification of Target Groups for Thrombectomy in Acute Stroke - Fanny Quandt; Fabian Flottmann; Vince I. Madai; Anna Alegiani; Clemens Küpper; Lars Kellert; Adam Hilbert; Dietmar Frey; Thomas Liebig; Jens Fiehler; Mayank Goyal; Jeffrey L. Saver; et al. (Translational Stroke Research, 2023)
Whether endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) improves functional outcome in patients with large-vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke that do not comply with inclusion criteria of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) but that are considered for EVT in clinical practice is uncertain. We aimed to systematically identify patients with LVO stroke underrepresented in RCTs who might benefit from EVT. Following the premises that (i) patients without reperfusion after EVT represent a non-treated control group and (ii) the level of reperfusion affects outcome in patients with benefit from EVT but not in patients without treatment benefit, we systematically assessed the importance of reperfusion level on functional outcome prediction using machine learning in patients with LVO stroke treated with EVT in clinical practice ( N = 5235, German-Stroke-Registry) and in patients treated with EVT or best medical management from RCTs ( N = 1488, Virtual-International-Stroke-Trials-Archive). The importance of reperfusion level on outcome prediction in an RCT-like real-world cohort equaled the importance of EVT treatment allocation for outcome prediction in RCT data and was higher compared to an unselected real-world population. The importance of reperfusion level was magnified in patient groups underrepresented in RCTs, including patients with lower NIHSS scores (0–10), M2 occlusions, and lower ASPECTS (0–5 and 6–8). Reperfusion level was equally important in patients with vertebrobasilar as with anterior LVO stroke. The importance of reperfusion level for outcome prediction identifies patient target groups who likely benefit from EVT, including vertebrobasilar stroke patients and among patients underrepresented in RCT patients with low NIHSS scores, low ASPECTS, and M2 occlusions.

Consequences of microsporidian prior exposure for virus infection outcomes and bumble bee host health - Elyse C. McCormick; Olivia R. Cohen; Adam G. Dolezal; Ben M. Sadd (Oecologia, 2023)

Nitrogen Addition Increases Freeze Resistance in Black Mangrove (Avicennia germinans) Shrubs in a Temperate-Tropical Ecotone - Ilka C. Feller; Uta Berger; Samantha K. Chapman; Emily M. Dangremond; Nicole G. Dix; J. Adam Langley; Catherine E. Lovelock; Todd Z. Osborne; Audrey C. Shor; Loraé T. Simpson (Ecosystems, 2023)

Large-scale circulation patterns and their influence on European winter windstorm predictions - Lisa Degenhardt; Gregor C. Leckebusch; Adam A. Scaife (Climate Dynamics, 2023)
Severe winter windstorms are amongst the most damaging weather events for Europe and show significant interannual variability. While surface variables (temperature, precipitation) have been successfully predicted for some time now, predictability of severe windstorms caused by extra-tropical cyclones remains less well explored. This study investigates windstorm prediction skill of the UK Met Office Global Seasonal Forecast System Version 5 (GloSea5) for the Northeast-Atlantic and European region. Based on an objective Lagrangian tracking of severe, damage relevant windstorms, three storm parameters are analysed: windstorm frequency and two intensity measures. Firstly, skill based on direct tracking of simulated windstorms is diagnosed. Significant positive skill for storm frequency and intensity is found over an extended area at the downstream end of the storm track, i.e., from the UK to southern Scandinavia. The skill for frequency agrees well with previous studies for older model versions, while the results of event-based intensity are novel. Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves for three smaller regions reveal significant skill for high and low storm activity seasons. Second, skill of windstorm characteristics based on their multi-linear regressions to three dominant large-scale circulation patterns [i.e., the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the Scandinavian Pattern (SCA), and the East-Atlantic Pattern (EA)] are analysed. Although these large-scale patterns explain up to 80% of the interannual variance of windstorm frequency and up to 60% for intensity, the forecast skill for the respectively linear-regressed windstorms do not show systematically higher skill than the direct tracking approach. The signal-to-noise ratio of windstorm characteristics (frequency, intensity) is also quantified, confirming that the signal-to-noise paradox extends to windstorm predictions.

Disparities in cause-specific mortality by race and sex among bladder cancer patients from the SEER database - Timothy D. Shu; Fredrick R. Schumacher; Britt Conroy; Lee Ponsky; Amr Mahran; Laura Bukavina; Adam Calaway; Sarah C. Markt (Cancer Causes & Control, 2023)

Widespread gene flow following range expansion in Anna's Hummingbird - Nicole E. Adams; Ruta R. Bandivadekar; C. J. Battey; Michael W. Clark; Kevin Epperly; Kristen Ruegg; Lisa A. Tell; Rachael A. Bay (Molecular Ecology, 2023)
Anthropogenic changes have altered the historical distributions of many North American taxa. As environments shift, ecological and evolutionary processes can combine in complex ways to either stimulate or inhibit range expansion. Here, we examined the role of evolution in a rapid range expansion whose ecological context has been well‐documented, Anna's Hummingbird ( Calypte anna ). Previous studies have suggested that the C. anna range expansion is the result of an ecological release facilitated by human‐mediated environmental changes, where access to new food sources have allowed further filling of the abiotic niche. We examined the role of gene flow and adaptation during range expansion from their native California breeding range, north into Canada and east into New Mexico and Texas, USA. Using low coverage whole genome sequencing we found high genetic diversity, low divergence, and little evidence of selection on the northern and eastern expansion fronts. Additionally, there are no clear barriers to gene flow across the native and expanded range. The lack of selective signals between core and expanded ranges could reflect (i) an absence of novel selection pressure in the expanded range (supporting the ecological release hypothesis), (ii) swamping of adaptive variation due to high gene flow, or (iii) limitations of genome scans for detecting small shifts in allele frequencies across many loci. Nevertheless, our results provide an example where strong selection is not apparent during a rapid, contemporary range shift.

Mooring tension assessment of a single line kelp farm with quantified biomass, waves, and currents - David W. Fredriksson; Adam T. St. Gelais; Tobias Dewhurst; Struan Coleman; Damian C. Brady; Barry Antonio Costa-Pierce (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2023)
While the number of kelp farms have steadily increased, few have been deployed with sensors to measure mooring tensions with substantial biomass. During the kelp farming season of 2018–2019 in Saco Bay, Maine USA, a field study was conducted to assess mooring loads due to environmental conditions and kelp growth. The effort included the deployment of a farm with a 122 m cultivation line and spread mooring with rope, chain, and anchors in 15.2 m of water. The system was deployed with seeded twine in late November and harvested in May. In April, with kelp biomass estimated at 7.8 kg m −1 , two load cells were installed to measure mooring tensions in response to currents and waves. The currents and waves were measured with two Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers deployed adjacent to the load cells. From these measurements, we characterized the maximum loading case in response to a complex hydrodynamic environment. The maximum tension occurred on the landward side of the farm even though wave exposure was seaward. The tension in the landward side mooring was dominated by steady drag from the currents going to the east southeast. During this event, the two profilers were positioned on the leading and trailing edges of the farm relative to the prevailing current direction. Velocities measured at 0.5 m bins showed a 26.7% reduction at the depths where the kelp was located. To analyze the dynamic portion of the load cell datasets, the oscillatory components were processed into energy density spectra. Results showed that mooring tensions were not affected by waves at frequencies greater than 0.175 Hz, with most of the energy occurring near 0.12 Hz. The tension spectra did reveal energy at frequencies between 0.0075 and 0.01 Hz, indicating a low frequency response, possibly due to nonuniform velocity profiles inducing vertical motion of the cultivation line. It was also observed that the landward mooring, subjected to higher currents, was more sensitive to oscillating loads than the slack seaward side. The high-fidelity dataset will be useful for numerical modeling validation to further understand these dynamics and to optimize kelp farm designs.

Earthquake, floods and changing land use history: A 200-year overview of environmental changes in Selenga River basin as indicated by n-alkanes and related proxies in sediments from shallow lakes - César C. Martins; Jennifer K. Adams; Handong Yang; Alexander A. Shchetnikov; Maikon Di Domenico; Neil L. Rose; Anson W. Mackay (Science of The Total Environment, 2023)