Growth trends of loblolly pine age five or less in relation to soil type and management intensity - Christen Beasley; David R. Carter; Timothy J. Albaugh; David Enemo; Daniel S. Hong; Rachel Cook; Otávio Campoe; Rafael Rubilar (Forest Ecology and Management, 2024)

Pollen contaminated with a triple-action fungicide induced oxidative stress and reduced longevity though with less impact on lifespan in honey bees from well fed colonies - Thais R.R. Alves; Matheus F. Trivellato; Tainá A.L. Freitas; Aline Y. Kato; Cássia R.A. Gomes; Yara M.M. Ferraz; Jéssica A. Serafim; David De Jong; Evandro P. Prado; Eduardo F. Vicente; Ricardo O. Orsi; Gener T. Pereira; et al. (Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2024)

Health and air pollutant emission impacts of net zero CO2 by 2050 scenarios from the energy modeling forum 37 study - Daniel H. Loughlin; Alexander R. Barron; Charavee Basnet Chettri; Abigail O'Meara; Luis Sarmiento; Danni Dong; David L. McCollum; Sharon Showalter; Robert H. Beach; John Bistline; G. Joyce Kim; Christopher G. Nolte; et al. (Energy and Climate Change, 2024)

Saving the world voluntarily: Experimental evidence of gain-loss framing on voluntary pro-environmental behavior - David Hauser; Daniel Bregulla (Ecological Economics, 2024)

Troubled waters in the land down under: Pervasive threats and high extinction risks demand urgent conservation actions to protect Australia's native freshwater fishes - Mark Lintermans; Maiko Lutz; Nick S. Whiterod; Bernd Gruber; Michael P. Hammer; Mark J. Kennard; David L. Morgan; Tarmo A. Raadik; Peter Unmack; Steven Brooks; Brendan C. Ebner; Dean Gilligan; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2024)

A Transcriptomic Comparative Study of Cranial Vasculature - Jianing Zhang; Jee-Yeon Ryu; Selena-Rae Tirado; Lawrence D. Dickinson; Aviva Abosch; M. Ali Aziz-Sultan; Alan S. Boulos; Daniel L. Barrow; H. Hunt Batjer; Tamar R. Binyamin; Spiros L. Blackburn; Edward F. Chang; et al. (Translational Stroke Research, 2024)

What roles can democracy labs play in co-creating democratic innovations for sustainability? - Inês Campos; Doris Fuchs; Petteri Repo; Wander Jager; Christian Klöckner; Shaoni Wang; David Lamas; Francesc Cots; Eugenio Barchiesi; Erica Löfström; Daniel Peniche; Yulia Sion; et al. (Socio-Ecological Practice Research, 2024)
This perspective essay proposes Democracy Labs as new processes for developing democratic innovations that help tackle complex socio-ecological challenges within an increasingly unequal and polarised society, against the backdrop of democratic backsliding. Next to the current socio-ecological crisis, rapid technological innovations present both opportunities and challenges for democracy and call for democratic innovations. These innovations (e.g., mini-publics, collaborative governance and e-participation) offer alternative mechanisms for democratic participation and new forms of active citizenship, as well as new feedback mechanisms between citizens and traditional institutions of representative democracy. This essay thus introduces Democracy Labs, as citizen-centred processes for co-creating democratic innovations to inspire future transdisciplinary research and practice for a more inclusive and sustainable democracy. The approach is illustrated with examples from a Democracy Lab in Lisbon, reflecting on requirements for recruiting participants, the relevance of combining sensitising, reflection and ideation stages, and the importance of careful communication and facilitation processes guiding participants through co-creation activities.

The mouse metabolic phenotyping center (MMPC) live consortium: an NIH resource for in vivo characterization of mouse models of diabetes and obesity - Maren Laughlin; Richard McIndoe; Sean H. Adams; Renee Araiza; Julio E. Ayala; Lucy Kennedy; Louise Lanoue; Louise Lantier; James Macy; Eann Malabanan; Owen P. McGuinness; Rachel Perry; et al. (Mammalian Genome, 2024)
The Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center (MMPC) Live Program was established in 2023 by the National Institute for Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to advance biomedical research by providing the scientific community with standardized, high quality phenotyping services for mouse models of diabetes and obesity. Emerging as the next iteration of the MMPC Program which served the biomedical research community for 20 years (2001–2021), MMPC Live is designed as an outwardly-facing consortium of service cores that collaborate to provide reduced-cost consultation and metabolic, physiologic, and behavioral phenotyping tests on live mice for U.S. biomedical researchers. Four MMPC Live Centers located at universities around the country perform complex and often unique procedures in vivo on a fee for service basis, typically on mice shipped from the client or directly from a repository or vendor. Current areas of expertise include energy balance and body composition, insulin action and secretion, whole body carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, cardiovascular and renal function, food intake and behavior, microbiome and xenometabolism, and metabolic pathway kinetics. Additionally, an opportunity arose to reduce barriers to access and expand the diversity of the biomedical research workforce by establishing the VIBRANT Program. Directed at researchers historically underrepresented in the biomedical sciences, VIBRANT-eligible investigators have access to testing services, travel and career development awards, expert advice and experimental design consultation, and short internships to learn test technologies. Data derived from experiments run by the Centers belongs to the researchers submitting mice for testing which can be made publicly available and accessible from the MMPC Live database following publication. In addition to services, MMPC Live staff provide expertise and advice to researchers, develop and refine test protocols, engage in outreach activities, publish scientific and technical papers, and conduct educational workshops and training sessions to aid researchers in unraveling the heterogeneity of diabetes and obesity.

Evaluating the status and habitat preferences of the threatened skipper, Euphyes vestris harbisoni, in southern California, USA - Abigail R. Lyons; David K. Faulkner; Douglas H. Deutschman; Daniel A. Marschalek (Journal of Insect Conservation, 2024)

Ecomorphology of Longnose Gar (Lepisosteus osseus): on the influence of size, sex, and river location - Jason C. Doll; Ian Fisher; Aaron Selby; Stephen J. Jacquemin; Daniel Sinopoli; Solomon R. David (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2024)
Ecomorphology is essential to understanding the evolution and biogeography of species. However, morphological studies that focus on nongame or ‘rough’ fish groups such as Gar (Lepisosteidae), outside of a phylogenetic context, are comparatively rare. Herein, we investigate the effects of sex, size, and location in a river to assess the potential for sexual dimorphism, allometry, habitat, or some combination to drive observed morphologic variation. Our dataset includes 230 Longnose Gars ( Lepisosteus osseus ) made up of both males and females of a wide range of sizes collected from three different sites corresponding to the upper, middle, and lower Great Pee Dee River in South Carolina. Dorsal and lateral photographs were taken from each specimen and landmarked for 2D geometric morphometric analyses. Discriminant function analyses (DFA) were also conducted on a few linear trusses to compare the accuracy of sex-related shape aspects that emerged from morphometrics as a possible field-based tool to help fisheries managers understand their stock populations. Overall, location was a statistically significant predictor of shape, yet the differences were not biologically meaningful. Additionally, sex and size were strong predictors of shape, with the greatest differences seen in the largest individuals. DFA of field measurements found that the Snout Length-to-Total Length ratio accurately predicted sex 71% of the time, with females having longer snouts than males. Differences in ratio between sexes can allow tentative sex assignments without lethal gonadal inspection. This study presents the first standardized whole-body 2D geometric morphometrics protocol for Longnose Gar.

Phenology Across Scales: An Intercontinental Analysis of Leaf‐Out Dates in Temperate Deciduous Tree Communities - Nicolas Delpierre; Suzon Garnier; Hugo Treuil‐Dussouet; Koen Hufkens; Jianhong Lin; Colin Beier; Michael Bell; Daniel Berveiller; Matthias Cuntz; Giulio Curioni; Kyla Dahlin; Sander O. Denham; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2024)
Aim To quantify the intra‐community variability of leaf‐out (ICVLo) among dominant trees in temperate deciduous forests, assess its links with specific and phylogenetic diversity, identify its environmental drivers and deduce its ecological consequences with regard to radiation received and exposure to late frost. Location Eastern North America (ENA) and Europe (EUR). Time Period 2009–2022. Major Taxa Studied Temperate deciduous forest trees. Methods We developed an approach to quantify ICVLo through the analysis of RGB images taken from phenological cameras. We related ICVLo to species richness, phylogenetic diversity and environmental conditions. We quantified the intra‐community variability of the amount of radiation received and of exposure to late frost. Results Leaf‐out occurred over a longer time interval in ENA than in EUR. The sensitivity of leaf‐out to temperature was identical in both regions (−3.4 days per °C). The distributions of ICVLo were similar in EUR and ENA forests, despite the latter being more species‐rich and phylogenetically diverse. In both regions, cooler conditions and an earlier occurrence of leaf‐out resulted in higher ICVLo. ICVLo resulted in ca. 8% difference of radiation received from leaf‐out to September among individual trees. Forest communities in ENA had shorter safety margins as regards the exposure to late frosts, and were actually more frequently exposed to late frosts. Main Conclusions We conducted the first intercontinental analysis of the variability of leaf‐out at the scale of tree communities. North American and European forests showed similar ICVLo, in spite of their differences in terms of species richness and phylogenetic diversity, highlighting the relevance of environmental controls on ICVLo. We quantified two ecological implications of ICVLo (difference in terms of radiation received and exposure to late frost), which should be explored in the context of ongoing climate change, which affects trees differently according to their phenological niche.

Confocal laser scanning microscopy reveals species-specific differences in distribution of fluorescent proteins in coral tissues - Giulia M. Marchioro; David Coelho; Thibault Bouderlique; Daniel Abed-Navandi; Michael Schagerl; Cecilia D’Angelo; Luise Kruckenhauser; Igor Adameyko; Pedro R. Frade (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
Reef-building corals have a variety of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-like proteins, also known as fluorescent proteins (FPs). These proteins have broad spectral properties covering most of the visible spectrum, with fluorophores fluorescing from cyan to red. However, the role of FPs is still a topic of debate and requires further investigation, particularly in the direction of mapping these FPs within the coral tissue and describing their cell- and tissue-level distributions. This study applied confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to investigate species-specific differences in the distribution of FPs in three coral taxa ( Stylophora sp., Acropora sp., Echinopora sp.), combined with their photoacclimation response and that of associated symbiotic algae to light gradients in a controlled aquarium experiment. CLSM produced high-resolution images that enabled the identification of different FPs, their tissue distribution and quantification of their fluorescence intensity, as well as quantification of symbiont chlorophyll a (chl- a ) fluorescence. Emission scans revealed three emission peaks between 490 - 501 nm (cyan, CFPs), 510 - 515 nm (green, GFPs), and 679 nm (chl- a fluorescence signal; Fchl) shared by all three studied species. The distribution of GFPs in Stylophora was concentrated in the intermesenterial muscle bands of the polyp, whereas CFPs were typically located at the tips of the tentacles. In contrast, Acropora and Echinopora exhibited agglomeration of CFPs and GFPs primarily in the epidermis. In general, species-specific differences in FP distribution remained unaltered during the experiment. However, linear regression models showed a significant negative relationship between CFP fluorescence intensity and light irradiance in Stylophora , whereas Echinopora exhibited a negative relation between chlorophyll fluorescence (Fchl) and light. In summary, the CLSM methodology provided a high-resolution tool to study coral FP patterns and symbiont response to irradiance, revealing ecophysiological differences among coral species at the tissue and cellular levels. CLSM has the potential to elucidate the intricacies of coral photobiology within the natural environment and to discern their adaptive responses in situ .

Quantifying sedimentary ’blue carbon’ in relation to canopy cover in the seagrass meadows of Turneffe Atoll, Belize - Stacey L. Felgate; Richard Sanders; Valdemar Andrade; Christopher D. G. Barry; Hannah Brittain; Stephen Carpenter; Abel Carrias; Eliceo Cobb; Chris D. Evans; James Hunt; Anna Lichtschlag; Daniel J. Mayor; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
Introduction Seagrass sediments are important ‘blue carbon’ reservoirs which store climatically significant quantities of organic carbon (C org ) at the global scale. Seagrass meadows that overly these sediments also provide a range of critical ecosystem services including shoreline stabilization, storm surge protection, and fisheries nursery grounds. However, the controls over accumulation and the sources of organic C to these sediments beds are highly variable and poorly understood with the relative importance of hydrodynamic setting, species composition and canopy density being unclear. Methods Here we address these questions using the first observation-based estimates of C org stocks and provenance on Turneffe Atoll, Belize, made via remotely-sensed habitat extent, local C org data and isotopic data. Sedimentary C org was highest in sediments underlying the most sheltered meadows and decreased with increasing exposure to wind and wave energy with the seagrass meadows in the central lagoon containing an extensive deposit of mangrove derived organic carbon, stabilized and protected by the overlying seagrass meadow. Results The influence of species composition appeared weak with the ubiquitous species T. testudinum occurring across a wide range of hydrodynamic regimes ranging from the most sheltered to the most energetic and being associated with a wide range of sedimentary organic C concentrations. Importantly from the perspective of remote sensing, org C concentrations were unrelated to canopy density. We hypothesize that this decoupling of organic C concentration from seagrass canopy cover reflects a much longer timescale for carbon storage in the sediments than the lifespan of the seagrass plants themselves and/or a substantial non seagrass derived organic C burden in seagrass sediments. Overall, we conservatively estimate that the top 30cm of sediments underlying the seagrass meadows overlying carbonate sediments on the atoll exterior store 0.58 x 10 6 Mg C org , most of which is seagrass-derived, whilst the sediments underlying the meadows within the central lagoon store an additional 1.28 x 10 6 Mg C org . When the maximum possible extent of seagrass is considered, this estimate increases to 3.54 x 10 6 Mg C org. Substantial C org stocks extending >1m depth were observed across all sites, and so these inventories are considered conservative. Discussion A preliminary ‘cost of loss’ for sedimentary C org in the top 30 cm of Turneffe Atoll’s seagrass meadows, based on a carbon trading value of €60 tCO 2 (eq), is estimated at €42 million for the outer atoll, increasing to €136 million when the mangrove-derived sediments of the central atoll are considered and €260 million when turbid areas are assumed to contain seagrass.

Non-targeted analysis reveals hundreds of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in UK freshwater in the vicinity of a fluorochemical plant - David Megson; Daniel Niepsch; Jonathan Spencer; Claudio dos Santos; Hannah Florance; Cecilia L. MacLeod; Ian Ross (Chemosphere, 2024)

‘Cavendish’ banana crown rot control through sustained release of thymol by metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) - Johnrell Zuniega; Joël Grabulos; Marc Lebrun; Thibaud Aumond; Cécile Daniel; David Farrusseng; Pierre Brat (Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2024)

Unraveling mudstone compaction at microscale: A combined approach of nanoindentation mapping and machine learning data analysis - Xiangyun Shi; David Misch; Lukas Skerbisch; Reinhard F. Sachsenhofer; Stanislav Zak; Megan Cordill; Daniel Kiener (Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2024)

Wild bee community responses to forest herbicide treatments in planted loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands - Emma L. Briggs; Daniel U. Greene; Christine C. Fortuin; David C. Clabo; Brittany F. Barnes; Kamal J.K. Gandhi (Forest Ecology and Management, 2024)

Innovative techniques for combating a common enemy forever chemicals: A comprehensive approach to mitigating per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contamination - Ajibola A. Bayode; Stephen Sunday Emmanuel; Amos O. Akinyemi; Odunayo T. Ore; Samson O. Akpotu; Daniel T. Koko; David E. Momodu; Eduardo Alberto López-Maldonado (Environmental Research, 2024)

PM2.5 and its components and respiratory disease healthcare encounters – Unanticipated increased exposure-response relationships in recent years after environmental policies - Shao Lin; Yukang Xue; Sathvik Thandra; Quan Qi; Philip K. Hopke; Sally W. Thurston; Daniel P. Croft; Mark J. Utell; David Q. Rich (Environmental Pollution, 2024)

Non-stationary response determination of nonlinear systems endowed with fractional derivative elements subjected to evolutionary stochastic excitation - Yijian Xu; Fan Kong; Daniel David; Xu Hong; Xianghong Sun (Engineering Structures, 2024)

Lessons from lipid biomarkers preserved in methane-seep carbonates from the early Permian of Western Australia - Siyu Wang; Daniel Birgel; Nicola Krake; Chuanbo Shen; David W. Haig; Jörn Peckmann (Chemical Geology, 2024)

Argentina's rejection of 2030 agenda undermines environmental sustainability and human well-being - Javier Nori; Alejandro E.J. Valenzuela; Micaela Camino; Elena Abraham; Gabriela Agostini; Marcelo A. Aizen; Virginia Alonso-Roldán; Julieta R. Arcamone; Yanina Arzamendia; German Baldi; Diego Baldo; Matías C. Baranzelli; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2024)

Gastrointestinal parasites in free grazing goats from Ayacucho, Peru: prevalence and risk factors associated with infection in herds - Walter Palomino-Guerrera; Michael Ramos Huaman; Vania Flores-Prado; David Godoy Padilla; Daniel A. Zárate-Rendón (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2024)

Correction: Prey targeted by lactating Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) in Erebus Bay, Antarctica - Rose T. N. Foster-Dyer; Kimberly T. Goetz; Takashi Iwata; Rachel R. Holser; Sarah A. Michael; Craig Pritchard; Simon Childerhouse; Daniel P. Costa; David G. Ainley; Matthew H. Pinkerton; Michelle A. LaRue (Polar Biology, 2024)

Prey targeted by lactating Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) in Erebus Bay, Antarctica - Rose T. N. Foster-Dyer; Kimberly T. Goetz; Takashi Iwata; Rachel R. Holser; Sarah A. Michael; Craig Pritchard; Simon Childerhouse; Daniel P. Costa; David G. Ainley; Matthew H. Pinkerton; Michelle A. LaRue (Polar Biology, 2024)
Female Weddell seals ( Leptonychotes weddellii ) display a mixed capital-income breeding strategy, losing up to 40% of their body mass between birthing and weaning their pups. How and when they regain energy stores, however, remains to be fully explored. To better understand the foraging by lactating Weddell seals, we fitted time-depth recorders and head-mounted cameras on 26 seals in Erebus Bay, Ross Sea, for ~ 5 days in November and December 2018 and 2019. We aimed to (1) identify prey species and foraging depth and (2) investigate relationships between seal physiology and demographics and probability of foraging. We recorded 2782 dives, 903 of which were > 50 m, maximum depth was 449.3 m and maximum duration was 31.1 min. Pup age likely contributes to the probability of a lactating Weddell seal foraging (Est. = 1.21 (SD = 0.61), z = 1.97, p = 0.0484). Among 846 prey encounters, the most frequent prey items were crustaceans (46.2%) and Antarctic silverfish ( Pleuragramma antarcticum , 19.0%); two encounters were observed with juvenile Antarctic toothfish ( Dissostichus mawsoni , 0.2%). We identified substantial variability in foraging behaviour, individually and between locations, and found that lactating seals target many species and some may specialise on certain prey groups.

Off the conservation radar: the hidden story of Europe's tiny pea clams (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae) - Dariusz Halabowski; Ronaldo Sousa; Manuel Lopes-Lima; Ian Killeen; David C Aldridge; Katarzyna Zając; Jon Hamner Mageroy; Daniel Alan Cossey; Maria Urbańska; Martin Österling; Vincent Prié (Biodiversity and Conservation, 2024)
This study highlights the conservation problems faced by the tiny freshwater bivalves of the family Sphaeriidae, also known as pea, pill, or fingernail clams (or mussels) in Europe. Despite their global distribution, assumed ecological importance, and potential uses, basic knowledge about their taxonomy, biology, and ecology is very limited and much lower than for the larger freshwater bivalve taxa. Immediate scientific priorities are required to fill knowledge gaps regarding their taxonomy, genetic diversity, distribution, reproductive cycle, ecosystem functions, and population trends. Such fundamental knowledge is necessary to identify specific threats and develop appropriate conservation actions. Deploying environmental DNA analysis at a large scale could be a valuable way to fill gaps in distribution and strengthen monitoring in areas where local taxonomic knowledge is lacking. Until taxon-specific management plans can be developed, we recommend that efforts concentrate on the general protection and restoration of wetland habitats, implementing pollution control measures, and managing invasive species. These actions should be complemented by community engagement through citizen science initiatives. Additionally, prioritising data collection to fill existing knowledge gaps and updating conservation statuses (Red Lists) based on comprehensive assessments will be crucial. Implementing these actions will provide a starting point for the broader protection of freshwater ecosystems, thus benefiting pea clams and other interconnected species within these habitats.

Complementary value of molecular, phenotypic, and functional aging biomarkers in dementia prediction - Andreas Engvig; Karl Trygve Kalleberg; Lars T. Westlye; Esten Høyland Leonardsen; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; John Q. Trojanowski; Arthur W. Toga; Laurel Beckett; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
DNA methylation age (MA), brain age (BA), and frailty index (FI) are putative aging biomarkers linked to dementia risk. We investigated their relationship and combined potential for prediction of cognitive impairment and future dementia risk using the ADNI database. Of several MA algorithms, DunedinPACE and GrimAge2, associated with memory, were combined in a composite MA alongside BA and a data-driven FI in predictive analyses. Pairwise correlations between age- and sex-adjusted measures for MA (aMA), aBA, and aFI were low. FI outperformed BA and MA in all diagnostic tasks. A model including age, sex, and aFI achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 for differentiating cognitively normal controls (CN) from dementia patients in a held-out test set. When combined with clinical biomarkers (apolipoprotein E ε4 allele count, memory, executive function), a model including aBA and aFI predicted 5-year dementia risk among MCI patients with an out-of-sample AUC of 0.88. In the prognostic model, BA and FI offered complementary value (both β s 0.50). The tested MAs did not improve predictions. Results were consistent across FI algorithms, with data-driven health deficit selection yielding the best performance. FI had a stronger adverse effect on prognosis in males, while BA’s impact was greater in females. Our findings highlight the complementary value of BA and FI in dementia prediction. The results support a multidimensional view of dementia, including an intertwined relationship between the biomarkers, sex, and prognosis. The tested MA’s limited contribution suggests caution in their use for individual risk assessment of dementia.

In vitro anthelmintic activity and colocalization analysis of hydroxycinnamic acids obtained from Chamaecrista nictitans against two Haemonchus contortus isolates - Jorge A. Cortes-Morales; David Osvaldo Salinas-Sánchez; María de Jesús Perea-Flores; Manases González-Cortazar; Daniel Tapia-Maruri; María Eugenia López-Arellano; Juan M. Rivas-González; Alejandro Zamilpa; Agustín Olmedo-Juárez (Veterinary Parasitology, 2024)

Soil solution chemistry weak response to long-term N addition points towards a strong resilience of northeastern American forests to past and future N deposition - Daniel Houle; Marie Renaudin; Louis Duchesne; Jean-David Moore; Apolline Benoist (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Watershed features shape spatial patterns of fish tissue mercury in a boreal river network - David W. French; Daniel E. Schindler; Sean R. Brennan; Gordon W. Holtgrieve (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Nonlinear modelling of arrays of submerged wave energy converters - Daniel Raj David; Hugh Wolgamot; Adi Kurniawan; Jeff Hansen; Dirk Rijnsdorp (Ocean Engineering, 2024)

Moths respond to key habitat structures in conifer plantations managed as irregular high forest - Patrick Cook; Lisbeth Hordley; Daniel Alder; Katie Powell; David Pengelly (Forest Ecology and Management, 2024)

Regional challenges concerning derivation of suspended particulate matter concentration and water turbidity from water reflectance. A case study in the western Black Sea - Sorin Constantin; Ioan-Daniel Șerban; David Doxaran; Fabrizio D'Ortenzio (Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2024)

Neurobehavioral Impairments Predict Specific Cerebral Damage in Rat Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - Daniel G. Lynch; Kevin A. Shah; Keren Powell; Steven Wadolowski; Willians Tambo; Joshua J. Strohl; Prashin Unadkat; David Eidelberg; Patricio T. Huerta; Chunyan Li (Translational Stroke Research, 2024)

Factors influencing haulout behaviour of non-breeding weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) at Cape Royds, Antarctica - Arkady Aspinwall; Jonathan D. Tonkin; Jean Pennycook; David Ainley; Daniel Gerhard; Michelle LaRue (Polar Biology, 2024)
The Weddell seal ( Leptonychotes weddellii ) is a fast-ice obligate species that plays an important role as both predator and prey within the high-latitude, coastal Southern Ocean. Weddell seals are affected by pressures of marine resource extraction and variation in sea-ice extent and characteristics that are affected by climate. Thus, monitoring their population dynamics provides an indicator of the effectiveness of fisheries management, and impacts of changing climate in the high latitude Southern Ocean ecosystem. Satellite imagery is increasingly being used to monitor the populations of this species, but assessment techniques require a better understanding of the environmental factors influencing the likelihood that individuals will be on the sea-ice and therefore visible in a satellite image. Addressing that goal, we captured 5054 trail camera photos during spring 2017 in the 24-h light at Cape Royds, Antarctica, and then counted seals on the fast ice every 30 min over 59 days. Using a generalised additive model (63% deviance explained) we described the haulout behaviour of non-breeding Weddell seals according to time of day, date, air temperature, pressure, solar radiation, and wind speed. We found that the seals’ haulout cycle is driven to a significant degree by weather variables, primarily temperature and wind speed. Quantifying these haulout patterns can be used to determine the time of day, and under what conditions, that most seals are hauled out. Integrating environmental parameters to correct time-of-day patterns would allow better cross-site abundance comparisons, leading to better Weddell seal population estimates for the Ross Sea region and the wider coastal Antarctica.

Correction to: Design and quantification of an extreme winter storm scenario for emergency preparedness and planning exercises in California - Michael D. Dettinger; F. Martin Ralph; Mimi Rose Abel; Tapash Das; Paul Neiman; Dale Cox; Gary Estes; David Reynolds; Robert Hartman; Daniel Cayan; Lucy Jones (Natural Hazards, 2024)

The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2023 Annual Report - Adrienne Hughes; Alexandra Amaducci; Sharan L. Campleman; Shao Li; Mari Costantini; Meghan B. Spyres; Hannah Spungen; Jessica Kent; Alyssa Falise; Rachel Culbreth; Paul M. Wax; Jeffery Brent; et al. (Journal of Medical Toxicology, 2024)

Farm dam enhancement significantly improves water quality - Maldwyn John Evans; Richard Beggs; Ben C. Scheele; Clare Crane; Eleanor Lang; Angelina Siegrist; Daniel Florance; David Smith; Martino E. Malerba; David B. Lindenmayer (Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2024)

On-field Head Acceleration Exposure Measurements Using Instrumented Mouthguards: Multi-stage Screening to Optimize Data Quality - Adam C. Clansey; Daniel Bondi; Rebecca Kenny; David Luke; Zaryan Masood; Yuan Gao; Marko Elez; Songbai Ji; Alexander Rauscher; Paul van Donkelaar; Lyndia C. Wu (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2024)

Effect of a silvopastoral system with Leucaena diversifolia on enteric methane emissions, animal performance, and meat fatty acid profile of beef steers - Isabel Cristina Molina-Botero; Daniel M. Villegas; Alejandro Montoya; Johanna Mazabel; Mike Bastidas; Alejandro Ruden; Hernan Gaviria; Juan David Peláez; Julián Chará; Enrique Murgueitio; Jon Moorby; Jacobo Arango (Agroforestry Systems, 2024)
The aim of this research was to evaluate dietary inclusion of Leucaena diversifolia into a grass monoculture (GM) diet and its influence on enteric methane emissions, animal live weight gain and meat fatty acid content of steers. Two GM diets comprised Urochloa hybrid cv. Cayman or U. brizantha cv. Toledo; silvopastoral (SPS) mixed diets included an association of either grass with L. diversifolia in a 74:26 (grass:legume) planting ratio. The experiment was conducted over 16 months with 14 Brahman x Angus crossbred steers (374±7.5 kg body weight), divided into two diet groups. Steers were weighed periodically during the experiment, and methane emissions were quantified with the polytunnel technique. The meat quality and fatty acid profile were measured after slaughtering the steers. Energy density, total and digestible dry matter intake and crude protein were higher in steers fed SPS than GM ( P ≤0.05). At the end of the experiment, animals from SPS weighed on average 63 kg more than animals offered GM (535 vs. 472 kg; P =0.025). Net methane emitted by steers offered SPS was 142 g per day, this is equivalent to 15% less than emissions from animals that were offered GM (168 g; P =0.007). The meat fatty acid profile was similar between diets, except for cervoniv-DHA and omega-6: omega-3 ratio, which were higher in steers consuming GM diet ( P≤0.05 ). The results of this study suggest that the inclusion of L. diversifolia improves nutrient intake, increases animal productivity, reduces daily enteric methane emission, and decreases the omega-6: omega-3 ratio in meat.

Dominance and rarity in tree communities across the globe: Patterns, predictors and threats - Iris Hordijk; Lalasia Bialic‐Murphy; Thomas Lauber; Devin Routh; Lourens Poorter; Malin C. Rivers; Hans ter Steege; Jingjing Liang; Peter B. Reich; Sergio de‐Miguel; Gert‐Jan Nabuurs; Javier G. P. Gamarra; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2024)
Aim Ecological and anthropogenic factors shift the abundances of dominant and rare tree species within local forest communities, thus affecting species composition and ecosystem functioning. To inform forest and conservation management it is important to understand the drivers of dominance and rarity in local tree communities. We answer the following research questions: (1) What are the patterns of dominance and rarity in tree communities? (2) Which ecological and anthropogenic factors predict these patterns? And (3) what is the extinction risk of locally dominant and rare tree species? Location Global. Time period 1990–2017. Major taxa studied Trees. Methods We used 1.2 million forest plots and quantified local tree dominance as the relative plot basal area of the single most dominant species and local rarity as the percentage of species that contribute together to the least 10% of plot basal area. We mapped global community dominance and rarity using machine learning models and evaluated the ecological and anthropogenic predictors with linear models. Extinction risk, for example threatened status, of geographically widespread dominant and rare species was evaluated. Results Community dominance and rarity show contrasting latitudinal trends, with boreal forests having high levels of dominance and tropical forests having high levels of rarity. Increasing annual precipitation reduces community dominance, probably because precipitation is related to an increase in tree density and richness. Additionally, stand age is positively related to community dominance, due to stem diameter increase of the most dominant species. Surprisingly, we find that locally dominant and rare species, which are geographically widespread in our data, have an equally high rate of elevated extinction due to declining populations through large‐scale land degradation. Main conclusions By linking patterns and predictors of community dominance and rarity to extinction risk, our results suggest that also widespread species should be considered in large‐scale management and conservation practices.

Local molecular and connectomic contributions of tau-related neurodegeneration - Fardin Nabizadeh; Michael W. Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; John Q. Trojanowski; Arthur W. Toga; Laurel Beckett; Robert C. Green; Andrew J. Saykin; John Morris; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Defining an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome: International Consensus Statement - Emma Short; Ian M. Adcock; Bilal Al-Sarireh; Ann Ager; Ramzi Ajjan; Naveed Akbar; Michael A. Akeroyd; Ghada Alsaleh; Ghada Al-Sharbatee; Kambiz Alavian; Winfried Amoaku; Julie Andersen; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
Around the world, individuals are living longer, but an increased average lifespan does not always equate to an increased health span. With advancing age, the increased prevalence of ageing-related diseases can have a significant impact on health status, functional capacity and quality of life. It is therefore vital to develop comprehensive classification and staging systems for ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndromes. This will allow societies to better identify, quantify, understand and meet the healthcare, workforce, well-being and socioeconomic needs of ageing populations, whilst supporting the development and utilisation of interventions to prevent or to slow, halt or reverse the progression of ageing-related pathologies. The foundation for developing such classification and staging systems is to define the scope of what constitutes an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome. To this end, a consensus meeting was hosted by the International Consortium to Classify Ageing-Related Pathologies (ICCARP), on February 19, 2024, in Cardiff, UK, and was attended by 150 recognised experts. Discussions and voting were centred on provisional criteria that had been distributed prior to the meeting. The participants debated and voted on these. Each criterion required a consensus agreement of ≥ 70% for approval. The accepted criteria for an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome were (1) develops and/or progresses with increasing chronological age; (2) should be associated with, or contribute to, functional decline or an increased susceptibility to functional decline and (3) evidenced by studies in humans. Criteria for an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome have been agreed by an international consortium of subject experts. These criteria will now be used by the ICCARP for the classification and ultimately staging of ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndromes.

Advancing the coral propagation toolkit via hypersalinity induced coral micropropagates - Emily Walton; Lindsey Badder; Claudia Tatiana Galindo-Martínez; David B. Berry; Martin Tresguerres; Daniel Wangpraseurt (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
In the face of escalating threats posed by human-induced climate change, urgent attention to coral reef restoration is imperative due to ongoing reef degradation. Here, we explored the potential of generating coral micropropagates as a tool to rapidly generate coral tissue for reef restoration and reef engineering. We developed a hypersalinity-induced polyp bailout protocol and a simple attachment device to support the growth of micropropagates on commonly used restoration substrates. We found that hypersalinity induction, at a rate of < 1 ppt hr -1 , produced healthy micropropagates of the coral Stylophora pistillata . The highest attachment success (~74%) was achieved in CaCO 3 substrate devices, which outperformed PVC (~48%) and Portland cement (~5%). Settled micropropagates displayed rapid growth rates on both CaCO 3 (0.037 mm²/day ± 0.002 SE) and PVC (0.057 mm²/day ± 0.008 SE) substrates, while Portland cement induced tissue degradation. Our study provides a detailed methodology for reliably generating, attaching, and growing coral micropropagates and underscores the potential of polyp bailout as a viable technique supporting coral propagation efforts.

Lipid biochemical diversity and dynamics reveal phytoplankton nutrient-stress responses and carbon export mechanisms in mesoscale eddies in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre - Shavonna M. Bent; Daniel Muratore; Kevin W. Becker; Benedetto Barone; Tara Clemente; Helen F. Fredricks; Henry C. Holm; David M. Karl; Benjamin A. S. Van Mooy (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
Mesoscale eddies cause deviations from the background physical and biogeochemical states of the oligotrophic oceans, but how these perturbations manifest in microbial ecosystem functioning, such as community macromolecular composition or carbon export, remains poorly characterized. We present comparative lipidomes from communities entrained in two eddies of opposite polarities (cyclone–anticyclone) in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG). A previous work on this two-eddy system has shown differences in particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) and biogenic silica sinking fluxes between the two eddies despite comparable total organic carbon fluxes. We measured the striking differences between the lipidomes of suspended and sinking particles that indicate taxon-specific responses to mesoscale perturbations. Specifically, cyanobacteria did not appear to respond to increased concentrations of phosphorus in the subsurface of the cyclonic eddy, while eukaryotic microbes exhibit P-stress relief as reflected in their lipid signatures. Furthermore, we found that two classes of lipids drive differences between suspended and sinking material: sinking particles are comparatively enriched in phosphatidylcholine (PC, a membrane-associated lipid) and triacylglycerol (TAG, an energy storage lipid). We observed significantly greater export of TAGs from the cyclonic eddy as compared to the anticyclone and found that this flux is strongly correlated with the concentration of ballast minerals (PIC and biogenic silica). This increased export of TAGs from the cyclone, but not the anticyclone, suggests that cyclonic eddy perturbations may be a mechanism for the delivery of energy-rich organic material below the euphotic zone.

Historical park planning is associated with modern-day patterns of bird diversity in cities - Daniel J. Herrera; Mason Fidino; David Luther; Jennifer M. Mullinax; Travis Gallo (Landscape and Urban Planning, 2024)

Petrogenesis of flood basalts and shield basanite from Mertolemariam- Abamineos area, northwestern Ethiopian plateau: Assessments for mantle source variations - Wubante Fikadu; Takele Chekol; Daniel Meshesha; Dejene H mariam; David Buriánek; Leta Alemayehu; Krystof Verner (Journal of African Earth Sciences, 2024)

Corrigendum to “Evaluation of methods for characterizing the fine particulate matter emissions from aircraft and other diffusion flame combustion aerosol sources”[Journal of Aerosol Science 178 (2024) 106352] - Robert Giannelli; Jeffrey Stevens; John S. Kinsey; David Kittelson; Alla Zelenyuk; Robert Howard; Mary Forde; Brandon Hoffman; Cullen Leggett; Bruce Maeroff; Nick Bies; Jacob Swanson; et al. (Journal of Aerosol Science, 2024)

Mars thermal inertia and surface temperatures by the Mars Climate Sounder - Sylvain Piqueux; David M. Kass; Armin Kleinböhl; Marek Slipski; Paul O. Hayne; Daniel J. McCleese; John T. Schofield; Nicholas Heavens (Icarus, 2024)

Fortified whole grains and whole blends: A timely food systems shift - Peiman Milani; Lawrence Haddad; Roy Steiner; Penjani Mkambula; Mehrdad Ehsani; David Kamau; Daniel Ndung'u; Saskia de Pee (Global Food Security, 2024)

Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen multivariate modelling from diverse FT-NIR spectral dataset - Gbenga Daniel Adejumo; David Bulmer; Preston Sorenson; Derek Peak (Geoderma Regional, 2024)

Corrigendum to “Soil-based assessment of site productivity for southern pine plantations in the coastal plain of the southeastern US: (I) loblolly pine” [Forest Ecol. Manag. 565 (2024) 122054] - Dehai Zhao; Ernest David Dickens; David Clabo; Daniel Markewitz; Bronson P. Bullock; Dee Cabaniss Pederson (Forest Ecology and Management, 2024)

Design and optimization of a strawberry-based dispersion to produce a spray drying functional powdered product, fortified with folic acid and zinc - Daniel Henao-González; Dairon David; Juan Torres-Oquendo; Paulo José do Amaral Sobral; Oscar Vega-Castro (Food and Bioproducts Processing, 2024)

GeoGOBLIN: A catchment-scale land balance model for assessment of climate mitigation pathways considering environmental trade-offs for multiple impact categories - Colm Duffy; Daniel Henn; David Styles; Gregory G. Toth; Remi Prudhomme; Pietro P.M. Iannetta; Ken Byrne (Environmental Modelling & Software, 2024)

Lessons learned from 25 years of operational large-scale restoration: The Sow-A-Seed project, Sabah, Borneo - E. Petter Axelsson; Kevin C. Grady; David Alloysius; Jan Falck; Daniel Lussetti; Charles Santhanaraju Vairappan; Yap Sau Wai; Keiko Ioki; Maria Lourdes T. Lardizabal; Berhaman Ahmad; Ulrik Ilstedt (Ecological Engineering, 2024)

Pathogenic Leptospira interrogans in Jos North Abattoir, Nigeria: Occurrence, serology, and molecular characterization - Elmina Abiba Abiayi; Janet Uchechukwu Itelima; Festus Chukwuemeka Onwuliri; Collins Chimezie Udechukwu; Kelvin Olutimilehin Jolayemi; Daniel Chibuzo Abiayi; David Chinedu Abiayi; Helen Luka Pam; Daniel Geofrey ThankGod; Clement Meseko (Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2024)

A framework for national-scale coastal storm hazards early warning - Ian L. Turner; Christopher K. Leaman; Mitchell D. Harley; Mandi C. Thran; Daniel R. David; Kristen D. Splinter; Nashwan Matheen; Jeff E. Hansen; Michael V.W. Cuttler; Diana J.M. Greenslade; Stefan Zieger; Ryan J. Lowe (Coastal Engineering, 2024)

SandSnap: Measuring and mapping beach grain size using crowd-sourced smartphone images - Brian C. McFall; David L. Young; Shelley J. Whitmeyer; Daniel Buscombe; Nicholas Cohn; Jacob B. Stasiewicz; Janelle E. Skaden; Brooke M. Walker; Shannon N. Stever (Coastal Engineering, 2024)

Disentangling drivers of annual grass invasion: Abiotic susceptibility vs. fire-induced conversion to cheatgrass dominance in the sagebrush biome - Alexandra K. Urza; David I. Board; John B. Bradford; Jessi L. Brown; Jeanne C. Chambers; Daniel R. Schlaepfer; Karen C. Short (Biological Conservation, 2024)

Long-term ambient sulfur dioxide exposure during gestation and preterm birth in North Carolina, 2003–2015 - Adrien A. Wilkie; Thomas J. Luben; Kristen M. Rappazzo; Kristen M. Foley; Courtney G. Woods; Marc L. Serre; David B. Richardson; Julie L. Daniels (Atmospheric Environment, 2024)

From gaps to consideration: a framework for prioritizing trophic studies in marine fishes - Martha Patricia Rincón-Díaz; Manuela Funes; Nelson Dario Bovcon; Mauro Belleggia; Pablo Daniel Cochia; Kevin Josue Jacobi; David Edgardo Galván (Hydrobiologia, 2024)

In Vivo Three-Dimensional Geometric Reconstruction of the Mouse Aortic Heart Valve - Daniel P. Gramling; Aletea L. van Veldhuisen; Frederick W. Damen; Kaitlyn Thatcher; Felix Liu; David McComb; Joy Lincoln; Christopher K. Breuer; Craig J. Goergen; Michael S. Sacks (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2024)

Numerical Modeling of Flow in the Cerebral Vasculature: Understanding Changes in Collateral Flow Directions in the Circle of Willis for a Cohort of Vasospasm Patients Through Image-Based Computational Fluid Dynamics - Angela Straccia; Michael C. Barbour; Fanette Chassagne; David Bass; Guilherme Barros; Daniel Leotta; Florence Sheehan; Deepak Sharma; Michael R. Levitt; Alberto Aliseda (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2024)

Organic matter accumulation drives methylotrophic methanogenesis and microbial ecology in a hypersaline coastal lagoon - Christopher Keneally; Matilda Southgate; Daniel Chilton; Virginie Gaget; David T. Welsh; Luke Mosley; Dirk V. Erler; Stephen P. Kidd; Justin Brookes (Limnology and Oceanography, 2024)
Hypersalinity is common in coastal wetlands throughout warm, tropical, and arid regions. Climate‐induced changes in rainfall, sea level, and anthropogenic modification to basins and coastlines are likely to further increase salinization in these ecosystems. Yet, carbon cycling in hypersaline coastal wetlands is not well understood, and poorly constrained in climate models. In the Coorong, a eutrophic, hypersaline coastal lagoon, recognized as internationally important under the Ramsar convention, organic matter rapidly accumulates in deeper areas of the lagoon, through the settling of fine detrital particles, phytoplankton and suspended sediments. During initial surveys, elevated surface water methane (CH 4 ) concentrations were observed above these fine depositional sediments. To identify the drivers of CH 4 production, organic matter and sediment characteristics were assessed in surface sediments. Genetic markers (i.e., 16rDNA and the mcrA functional gene) were used to characterize microbial communities. With multiple lines of evidence, this study identifies organic matter, methanogen abundance, and salinity as important drivers of CH 4 production, which is concentrated in depositional zones. Archaea were also more abundant in depositional zones, including methylotrophic methanogens: Methanofastidiosales, Methanomasiliicoccales, Methermicoccaceae , and Methanococcoides . These methanogens were highly correlated to CH 4 in porewater, suggesting an influence of methylotrophic methanogenesis. To investigate further, metabolic genes were predicted from 16S rRNA with PICRUSt2. This represents the first effort to analyze CH 4 dynamics in the Coorong, underscoring the need to integrate these unique ecosystems into global climate models to enhance our understanding of greenhouse gas dynamics and emissions in a changing climate.

Consequences of Local Conspecific Density Effects for Plant Diversity and Community Dynamics - Joseph A. LaManna; Florian Hartig; Jonathan A. Myers; Robert P. Freckleton; Matteo Detto; Akshay Surendra; Cole J. Doolittle; Bénédicte Bachelot; Robert Bagchi; Liza S. Comita; David M. DeFilippis; Nohemi Huanca‐Nunez; et al. (Ecology Letters, 2024)
Conspecific density dependence (CDD) in plant populations is widespread, most likely caused by local‐scale biotic interactions, and has potentially important implications for biodiversity, community composition, and ecosystem processes. However, progress in this important area of ecology has been hindered by differing viewpoints on CDD across subfields in ecology, lack of synthesis across CDD‐related frameworks, and misunderstandings about how empirical measurements of local CDD fit within the context of broader ecological theories on community assembly and diversity maintenance. Here, we propose a conceptual synthesis of local‐scale CDD and its causes, including species‐specific antagonistic and mutualistic interactions. First, we compare and clarify different uses of CDD and related concepts across subfields within ecology. We suggest the use of local stabilizing/destabilizing CDD to refer to the scenario where local conspecific density effects are more negative/positive than heterospecific effects. Second, we discuss different mechanisms for local stabilizing and destabilizing CDD, how those mechanisms are interrelated, and how they cut across several fields of study within ecology. Third, we place local stabilizing/destabilizing CDD within the context of broader ecological theories and discuss implications and challenges related to scaling up the effects of local CDD on populations, communities, and metacommunities. The ultimate goal of this synthesis is to provide a conceptual roadmap for researchers studying local CDD and its implications for population and community dynamics.

The skin microbiome as a new potential biomarker in the domestication and health status of Octopus vulgaris - Daniel Costas-Imbernón; Carolina Costas-Prado; Teresa Sequeiro; Pablo Touriñán; Pablo García-Fernández; Ricardo Tur; David Chavarrías; María Saura; Josep Rotllant (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
Over the past decade, there has been a growing interest in common octopus aquaculture, prompted by several factors such as the increase in market demand, the decline in overall fisheries and the search for more sustainable food resources. Nevertheless, this interest has raised concerns about the potential impact of large-scale production and intensified farming practices in the future. This study aims to establish a baseline understanding of the natural microbial communities that inhabit skin mucus of the common octopus, describe its core microbiota, and assess the impact of captive rearing on these communities and animal welfare. The skin microbiome of wild-captured octopuses was compared with that of reared in aquaculture using 16S ribosomal RNA metabarcoding. The findings show that the core microbiota of octopus mucosal skin is dominated by the phyla Bacteroidota and Pseudomonadota, with Aurantivirga , Pseudofulvibacter , and Rubritalea being the most abundant genera. Despite differences in abundance, the microbiota composition and diversity between wild and aquaculture octopuses were similar. Wild samples had an enrichment of Gammaproteobacteria, including potentially pathogenic species such as Vibrio spp., Photobacterium swingsii , and Lactococcus garvieae , which were less prevalent or absent in aquaculture samples. KEGG functional pathways predictions indicated a higher enrichment in functional pathways related to xenobiotic remediation in wild samples, reflecting their need to adapt to a more variable and potentially contaminated environment. This is the first study to characterize the mucosal skin microbiome of the common octopus and to compare wild and aquaculture specimens. The results suggest that current aquaculture practices support animal welfare through the use of controlled hatchery environments and high-quality water conditions. These insights are valuable for the development of sustainable and responsible aquaculture practices, with the octopus microbiome serving as a potential biomarker for health status and animal welfare.

The IAHS Science for Solutions decade, with Hydrology Engaging Local People IN one Global world (HELPING) - Berit Arheimer; Christophe Cudennec; Attilio Castellarin; Salvatore Grimaldi; Kate V. Heal; Claire Lupton; Archana Sarkar; Fuqiang Tian; Jean-Marie Kileshye Onema; Stacey Archfield; Günter Blöschl; Pedro L. Borges Chaffe; et al. (Hydrological Sciences Journal, 2024)

Characterizing dog cognitive aging using spontaneous problem-solving measures: development of a battery of tests from the Dog Aging Project - Stephanie H. Hargrave; Emily E. Bray; Stephanie McGrath; Gene E. Alexander; Theadora A. Block; Naomi Chao; Martin Darvas; Laura E. L. C. Douglas; Janet Galante; Brenda S. Kennedy; Breonna Kusick; Julie A. Moreno; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Beat-to-beat blood pressure variability, hippocampal atrophy, and memory impairment in older adults - Trevor Lohman; Isabel Sible; Allison C. Engstrom; Arunima Kapoor; Fatemah Shenasa; Elizabeth Head; Lorena Sordo; John Paul M. Alitin; Aimee Gaubert; Amy Nguyen; Kathleen E. Rodgers; David Bradford; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPV) predicts age-related hippocampal atrophy, neurodegeneration, and memory decline in older adults. Beat-to-beat BPV may represent a more reliable and efficient tool for prospective risk assessment, but it is unknown whether beat-to-beat BPV is similarly associated with hippocampal neurodegeneration, or with plasma markers of neuroaxonal/neuroglial injury. Independently living older adults without a history of dementia, stroke, or other major neurological disorders were recruited from the community ( N = 104; age = 69.5 ± 6.7 (range 55–89); 63% female). Participants underwent continuous blood pressure monitoring, brain MRI, venipuncture, and cognitive testing over two visits. Hippocampal volumes, plasma neurofilament light, and glial fibrillary acidic protein levels were assessed. Beat-to-beat BPV was quantified as systolic blood pressure average real variability during 7-min of supine continuous blood pressure monitoring. The cross-sectional relationship between beat-to-beat BPV and hippocampal volumes, cognitive domain measures, and plasma biomarkers was assessed using multiple linear regression with adjustment for demographic covariates, vascular risk factors, and average systolic blood pressure. Elevated beat-to-beat BPV was associated with decreased left hippocampal volume ( P = .008), increased plasma concentration of glial fibrillary acidic protein ( P = .006), and decreased memory composite score ( P = .02), independent of age, sex, average systolic blood pressure, total intracranial volume, and vascular risk factor burden. In summary, beat-to-beat BPV is independently associated with decreased left hippocampal volume, increased neuroglial injury, and worse memory ability. Findings are consistent with prior studies examining visit-to-visit BPV and suggest beat-to-beat BPV may be a useful marker of hemodynamic brain injury in older adults.

Bacterial dealkylation of benzalkonium chlorides in wastewater produces benzyldimethylamine, a potent N-nitrosodimethylamine precursor - Ibrahim Abusallout; Mingrui Song; Aron Chan; Elizabeth McKenna; Jean Van Buren; Seth Mccoy; Zachary Ledvina; Christopher Jeffrey; Daniel L. McCurry; David Hanigan (Water Research, 2024)

Alpine plant communities and current topographic microrefugia vary with regional climates - George P. Malanson; Daniel B. Fagre; David R. Butler; Zehao Shen (Geomorphology, 2024)

Soil-based assessment of site productivity for southern pine plantations in the coastal plain of the southeastern US: (II) slash pine - Ernest David Dickens; Dehai Zhao; David C. Clabo; Daniel Markewitz; Bronson P. Bullock; Dee Cabaniss Pederson (Forest Ecology and Management, 2024)

Soil-based assessment of site productivity for southern pine plantations in the coastal plain of the southeastern US: (I) loblolly pine - Dehai Zhao; Ernest David Dickens; David Clabo; Daniel Markewitz; Bronson P. Bullock; Dee Cabaniss Pederson (Forest Ecology and Management, 2024)

Mosaic coexistence of two subalpine grassland types as a consequence of soil nutrient heterogeneity - Juan Luis Mora; Cecilia Armas–Herrera; Daniel Gómez; David Badía–Villas (CATENA, 2024)

Oleic acid reduces oxidative stress in rat brain induced by some anticancer drugs - David Calderón Guzmán; Hugo Juárez Olguín; Norma Osnaya Brizuela; Maribel Ortíz Herrera; Francisca Trujillo Jimenez; Armando Valenzuela Peraza; Norma Labra Ruiz; Daniel Santamaria Del Angel; Gerardo Barragán Mejía (Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2024)

On the value of hydrochemical data for the interpretation of flow and transport processes in the Baget karst system, France - Beatrice Richieri; Daniel Bittner; Vianney Sivelle; Andreas Hartmann; David Labat; Gabriele Chiogna (Hydrogeology Journal, 2024)
Continuous hourly time series of hydrochemical data can provide insights into the subsurface dynamics and main hydrological processes of karst systems. This study investigates how high-resolution hydrochemical data can be used for the verification of robust conceptual event-based karst models. To match the high temporal variability of hydrochemical data, the LuKARS 2.0 model was developed on an hourly scale. The model concept considers the interaction between the matrix and conduit components to allow a flexible conceptualization of binary karst systems characterized by a perennial spring and intermittent overflow as well as possible surface water bypassing the spring. The model was tested on the Baget karst system, France, featuring a recharge area defined by the coexistence of karst and nonkarst areas. The Morris screening method was used to investigate parameter sensitivity, and to calibrate the model according to the Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE). Model verification was performed by considering additional hydrochemical constraints with the aim of representing the internal dynamics of the systems, i.e., water contributions from the various compartments of the conceptual model. The hydrochemical constraints were defined based on high-temporal resolution time series of SO 4 2− and HCO 3 − . The results of this study show that the simulation with the highest KGE among 9,000 model realizations well represents the dynamics of the spring discharge but not the variability of the internal fluxes. The implementation of hydrochemical constraints facilitates the identification of realizations reproducing the observed relative increase in the flow contribution from the nonkarst area.

Effects of military training, warfare and civilian ammunition debris on the soil organisms: an ecotoxicological review - Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo; David Fernández-Calviño; Manuel Arias-Estévez; Daniel Arenas-Lago (Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2024)
Civilian and military activities are sources of water and soil contamination by inorganic and organic contaminants caused by shooting practices, warfare, and/or mechanized military training. Lead poisoning and contaminant bioaccumulation due to spent shots or other related military contaminants have been widely studied for mammals, birds, and plants. Although there are different papers on the impact on earthworms, information on micro and mesofauna (i.e., collembola, nematodes, etc.) is still scarce. Here, we review the published data regarding the impact of civilian and military shooting activities, including war-impacted areas, focusing on soil organisms, from microbial communities to the ecotoxicological effects on terrestrial organisms. One hundred eleven studies were considered where earthworms and enchytraeids were widely studied, especially under ecotoxicological assays with Pb and energetic-related compounds from military explosives. There is a lack of information on soil organism groups, such as mites, ants, or gastropods, which play important roles in soil function. Data from combined exposures (e.g., PTEs + TNT and PTEs + PAHs) is scarce since several studies focused on a single contaminant, usually Pb, when combined contaminants would be more realistic. Ecotoxicological assays should also cover other understudied ammunition elements, such as Bi, Cu, or W.

Application of a welfare assessment protocol for Australian lot-fed cattle: The effect of time and frequency of assessment - Emily Taylor; Emma Dunston-Clarke; Daniel Brookes; Ellen Jongman; Elysia Ling; Anne Barnes; David Miller; Andrew Fisher; Teresa Collins (Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 2024)

Beneficial ‘inefficiencies’ of western ranching: Flood-irrigated hay production sustains wetland systems by mimicking historic hydrologic processes - J. Patrick Donnelly; Kelsey Jensco; John S. Kimball; Johnnie N. Moore; David Ketchum; Daniel P. Collins; David E. Naugle (Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2024)

Pollination deficits and their relation with insect pollinator visitation are cultivar-dependent in an entomophilous crop - Maxime Eeraerts; Stan Chabert; Lisa W. DeVetter; Péter Batáry; John J. Ternest; Kris Verheyen; Kyle Bobiwash; Kayla Brouwer; Daniel García; G. Arjen de Groot; Jason Gibbs; Lauren Goldstein; et al. (Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2024)

Enhanced silicate weathering accelerates forest carbon sequestration by stimulating the soil mineral carbon pump - Tongtong Xu; Zuoqiang Yuan; Sara Vicca; Daniel S. Goll; Guochen Li; Luxiang Lin; Hui Chen; Boyuan Bi; Qiong Chen; Chenlu Li; Xing Wang; Chao Wang; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Enhanced silicate rock weathering (ERW) is an emerging strategy for carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the atmosphere to mitigate anthropogenic climate change. ERW aims at promoting soil inorganic carbon sequestration by accelerating geochemical weathering processes. Theoretically, ERW may also impact soil organic carbon (SOC), the largest carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems, but experimental evidence for this is largely lacking. Here, we conducted a 2‐year field experiment in tropical rubber plantations in the southeast of China to evaluate the effects of wollastonite powder additions (0, 0.25, and 0.5 kg m −2 ) on both soil organic and inorganic carbon at 0–10 cm depth. We found that ERW significantly increased the concentration of SOC and HCO 3 − , but the increases in SOC were four and eight times higher than that of HCO 3 − with low‐ and high‐level wollastonite applications. ERW had positive effects on the accrual of organic carbon in mineral‐associated organic matter (MAOM) and macroaggregate fractions, but not on particulate organic matter. Path analysis suggested that ERW increased MAOM mainly by increasing the release of Ca, Si, and Fe, and to a lesser extent by stimulating root growth and microbial‐derived carbon inputs. Our study indicates that ERW with wollastonite can promote SOC sequestration in stable MOAM in surface soils through both the soil mineral carbon pump and microbial carbon pump. These effects may have been larger than the inorganic CDR during our experiment. We argue it is essential to account for the responses of SOC in the assessments of CDR by ERW.

Epichloë – a key element of New Zealand’s agricultural landscape - Stuart D. Card; Daniel A. Bastías; Wei Zhang; David E. Hume; John R. Caradus (New Zealand Journal of Botany, 2024)

Design and application of coastal erosion indicators using satellite and drone data for a regional monitoring program - R. Jak McCarroll; David M. Kennedy; Jin Liu; Blake Allan; Daniel Ierodiaconou (Ocean & Coastal Management, 2024)

Differential associations of five riverine organism groups with multiple stressors - Willem Kaijser; Armin W. Lorenz; Verena S. Brauer; Andrea Burfeid-Castellanos; Gwendoline M. David; Julia K. Nuy; Daria Baikova; Bánk Beszteri; Svenja M. Gillmann; Jens Kiesel; Ntambwe A.S. Mayombo; Kristin Peters; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Pleistocene shifts in Great Basin hydroclimate seasonality govern the formation of lithium-rich paleolake deposits - Tripti Bhattacharya; Peter R. Brennan; Daniel E. Ibarra; Catherine A. Gagnon; Kristina L. Butler; Alexa Terrazas; Shaw Miller; Lee Ann Munk; David F. Boutt; Ran Feng; Stephanie N. Bullinger; Lucy Weisbeck (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2024)

Effects of microplastics on key reproductive and biochemical endpoints of the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia magna - David Daniel; Madalena Vieira; João Pinto da Costa; Ana Violeta Girão; Bruno Nunes (Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 2024)

Novel Superadsorbent from Pozzolan-Charcoal based Geopolymer Composite for the Efficient Removal of Aqueous Crystal Violet - Jacques Madiba Mboka; Hermann Dzoujo Tamaguelon; Victor Shikuku; Sylvain Tome; Valery Franck Deugueu; Hanibal Othman; Christoph Janiak; Marchand Manga Dika; Marie Annie Etoh; David Joh Daniel Dina (Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2024)

Dysregulation of the Kynurenine Pathway, Cytokine Expression Pattern, and Proteomics Profile Link to Symptomology in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) - Bahar Kavyani; Seong Beom Ahn; Daniel Missailidis; Sarah J. Annesley; Paul R. Fisher; Richard Schloeffel; Gilles J. Guillemin; David B. Lovejoy; Benjamin Heng (Molecular Neurobiology, 2024)

The effects of different types of organisational workplace mental health interventions on mental health and wellbeing in healthcare workers: a systematic review - Birgit Aust; Caleb Leduc; Johanna Cresswell-Smith; Clíodhna O’Brien; Reiner Rugulies; Mallorie Leduc; Doireann Ni Dhalaigh; Arilda Dushaj; Naim Fanaj; Daniel Guinart; Margaret Maxwell; Hanna Reich; et al. (International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 2024)
Objective To determine if and which types of organisational interventions conducted in small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) in healthcare are effective on mental health and wellbeing. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched six scientific databases, assessed the methodological quality of eligible studies using QATQS and grouped them into six organisational intervention types for narrative synthesis. Only controlled studies with at least one follow-up were eligible. Results We identified 22 studies (23 articles) mainly conducted in hospitals with 16 studies rated of strong or moderate methodological quality. More than two thirds (68%) of the studies reported improvements in at least one primary outcome (mental wellbeing, burnout, stress, symptoms of depression or anxiety), most consistently in burnout with eleven out of thirteen studies. We found a strong level of evidence for the intervention type “Job and task modifications” and a moderate level of evidence for the types “Flexible work and scheduling” and “Changes in the physical work environment”. For all other types, the level of evidence was insufficient. We found no studies conducted with an independent SME, however five studies with SMEs attached to a larger organisational structure. The effectiveness of workplace mental health interventions in these SMEs was mixed. Conclusion Organisational interventions in healthcare workers can be effective in improving mental health, especially in reducing burnout. Intervention types where the change in the work environment constitutes the intervention had the highest level of evidence. More research is needed for SMEs and for healthcare workers other than hospital-based physicians and nurses.

Correction: Evaluating Hydrogeomorphic Condition Across Ecosystem States in a Non-tidal, Brackish Peat Marsh of the Florida Coastal Everglades, USA - Lukas Lamb-Wotton; Tiffany G. Troxler; Carlos Coronado-Molina; Stephen E. Davis; Daniel Gann; Khandker S. Ishtiaq; Sparkle L. Malone; Paulo Olivas; David T. Rudnick; Fred H. Sklar (Estuaries and Coasts, 2024)

Evaluating Hydrogeomorphic Condition Across Ecosystem States in a Non-tidal, Brackish Peat Marsh of the Florida Coastal Everglades, USA - Lukas Lamb-Wotton; Tiffany G. Troxler; Carlos Coronado-Molina; Stephen E. Davis; Daniel Gann; Khandker S. Ishtiaq; Sparkle L. Malone; Paulo Olivas; David T. Rudnick; Fred H. Sklar (Estuaries and Coasts, 2024)
Emergent marsh and open water have been identified as alternate stable states in tidal marshes with large, relative differences in hydrogeomorphic conditions. In the Florida coastal Everglades, concern has been raised regarding the loss of non-tidal, coastal peat marsh via dieback of emergent vegetation and peat collapse. To aid in the identification of alternate stable states, our objective was to characterize the variability of hydrogeomorphic and biologic conditions using a field survey and long-term monitoring of hydrologic and geomorphic conditions across a range of vegetated (emergent, submerged) and unvegetated (open water) communities, which we refer to as “ecosystem states,” in a non-tidal, brackish peat marsh of the coastal Everglades. Results show (1) linear relationships among field-surveyed geomorphic, hydrologic, and biologic variables, with a 35-cm mean difference in soil surface elevation between emergent and open water states, (2) an overall decline in soil elevation in the submerged state that was related to cumulative dry days, and (3) a 2× increase in porewater salinity during the dry season in the emergent state that was also related to the number of dry days. Coupled with findings from previous experiments, we propose a conceptual model that describes how seasonal hydrologic variability may lead to ecosystem state transitions between emergent and open water alternate states. Since vegetative states are only moderately salt tolerant, as sea-level rise pushes the saltwater front inland, the importance of continued progress on Everglades restoration projects, with an aim to increase the volume of freshwater being delivered to coastal wetlands, is the primary management intervention available to mitigate salinization and slow ecosystem state shifts in non-tidal, brackish peat marshes.

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities - Bruno Garcia Luize; David Bauman; Hans ter Steege; Clarisse Palma‐Silva; Iêda Leão do Amaral; Luiz de Souza Coelho; Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos; Diógenes de Andrade Lima Filho; Rafael P. Salomão; Florian Wittmann; Carolina V. Castilho; Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim; et al. (Journal of Biogeography, 2024)
Aim Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location Amazonia. Taxon Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega‐phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white‐sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured ( R 2 = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified ( R 2 = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long‐standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions.

Deliberately introduced dung beetles in A ustralia: 12 years of occurrence and abundance records from 2001 to 2022 - Jacob D. Berson; Penelope B. Edwards; T. James Ridsdill‐Smith; Christopher K. Taylor; Daniel J. Anderson; Nigel R. Andrew; Russell A. Barrow; David A. Cousins; Robert N. Emery; Laura L. Fagan; Rhiannon M. Foster; Lucas G. Harwood; et al. (Ecology, 2024)
Since 1968, the Australian Dung Beetle Project has carried out field releases of 43 deliberately introduced dung beetle species for the biological control of livestock dung and dung‐breeding pests. Of these, 23 species are known to have become established. For most of these species, sufficient time has elapsed for population expansion to fill the extent of their potential geographic range through both natural and human‐assisted dispersal. Consequently, over the last 20 years, extensive efforts have been made to quantify the current distribution of these introduced dung beetles, as well as the seasonal and spatial variation in their activity levels. Much of these data and their associated metadata have remained unpublished, and they have not previously been synthesized into a cohesive dataset. Here, we collate and report data from the three largest dung beetle monitoring projects from 2001 to 2022. Together, these projects encompass data collected from across Australia, and include records for all 23 species of established dung beetles introduced for biocontrol purposes. In total, these data include 22,718 presence records and 213,538 absence records collected during 10,272 sampling events at 546 locations. Most presence records (97%) include abundance data. In total, 1,752,807 dung beetles were identified as part of these data. The distributional occurrence and abundance data can be used to explore questions such as factors influencing dung beetle species distributions, dung beetle biocontrol, and insect‐mediated ecosystem services. These data are provided under a CC‐BY‐NC 4.0 license and users are encouraged to cite this data paper when using the data.

Benefits of calorie restriction in mice are mediated via energy imbalance, not absolute energy or protein intake - Daniel L. Smith; Sharon E. Mitchell; Maria S. Johnson; Victoria K. Gibbs; Stephanie Dickinson; Beate Henschel; Rui Li; Kathryn A. Kaiser; Daniella E. Chusyd; Andrew W. Brown; David B. Allison; John R. Speakman; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
Caloric restriction (CR) results in reduced energy and protein intake, raising questions about protein restriction’s contribution to CR longevity benefits. We kept ad libitum ( AL )–fed male C57BL/6J mice at 27°C (AL27) and pair-fed (PF) mice at 22°C (22(PF27)). The 22(PF27) group was fed to match AL27 while restricted for calories due to cold-induced metabolism. The 22(PF27) mice had significantly lower body weight, lean mass, fat mass, leptin, IGF-1, and TNF-α levels than AL27 mice ( p <0.001 for all). Manipulations over ~11 weeks resulted in significant differences in body temperature, physical activity, and expression of key genes linked to hunger in the hypothalamus. Survival was significantly greater in 22(PF27) compared to AL27 overall ( p <0.001). CR in the context of equivalent energy and protein intake resulted in hormonal, metabolic, and physiological benefits and extended longevity. Hence, energy imbalance, rather than low energy or protein intake per se, mediates the benefits of CR.

Using marine mussels to assess the potential ecotoxicological effects of two different commercial microplastics - David Daniel; Luis Barros; João Pinto da Costa; Ana Violeta Girão; Bruno Nunes (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2024)

Characterisation of protective vaccine antigens from the thiol-containing components of excretory/secretory material of Ostertagia ostertagi - Daniel R.G. Price; Philip Steele; David Frew; Kevin McLean; Dorota Androscuk; Peter Geldhof; Jimmy Borloo; Javier Palarea Albaladejo; Alasdair J. Nisbet; Tom N. McNeilly (Veterinary Parasitology, 2024)

Unlocking shore power in St. Lawrence and Great Lakes for cargo ships - Hugo Daniel; João Pedro F. Trovão; David Williams; Loïc Boulon (Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2024)

The Late Holocene deglaciation of James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula: OSL and 14C-dated multi-proxy sedimentary record from Monolith Lake - Matěj Roman; Anna Píšková; David C.W. Sanderson; Alan J. Cresswell; Marie Bulínová; Matěj Pokorný; Jan Kavan; Stephen J.A. Jennings; Juan M. Lirio; Linda Nedbalová; Veronika Sacherová; Kateřina Kopalová; et al. (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2024)

Streptomyces N2A, an endophytic actinobacteria that promotes soybean growth and increases yield and seed quality under field conditions - David L. Villafañe; Rodrigo A. Maldonado; Julieta S. Bianchi; Daniel Kurth; Hugo Gramajo; María Amalia Chiesa; Eduardo Rodríguez (Plant Science, 2024)

The planetary protection strategy of Mars Sample Return’s Earth Return Orbiter mission - Giuseppe Cataldo; Lorenz Affentranger; Brian G. Clement; Daniel P. Glavin; David W. Hughes; John Hall; Bruno Sarli; Christine E. Szalai (Journal of Space Safety Engineering, 2024)

Deep operator and SSA collaboration for space sustainability - Daniel Oltrogge; Joseph Chan; David Vallado; Jeff Cornelius; Andrew D'Uva; Robert Hall (Journal of Space Safety Engineering, 2024)

Optimal sizing of hybrid PV–diesel–biomass gasification plants for electrification of off-grid communities: An efficient approach based on Benders’ decomposition - Marcos Tostado-Véliz; Antonio Escámez; Roque Aguado; Daniel Sánchez-Lozano; Francisco Jurado; David Vera (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2024)

Gastro-educational intervention proposal in the classroom with family recipes: Prevention of cardiovascular risk in adolescent students - Juan Manuel Zazo; Javier Aranceta; Ángel A. Carbonell-Barrachina; David López-Lluch; Daniel García-Peinado; Enrique Roche; José Robledano-García; Elena García-García (International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 2024)

Topography formation driven by sublimation of pure species on icy airless worlds - Antonio Macias Canizares; Daniel F. Berisford; David Goldstein; Philip Varghese; Laurence Trafton; Jordan Steckloff; Kevin P. Hand (Icarus, 2024)

Electrical resilience assessment of a building operating at low voltage - Rusber Rodriguez; German Osma; David Bouquain; Gabriel Ordoñez; Damien Paire; Javier Solano; Robin Roche; Daniel Hissel (Energy and Buildings, 2024)

Resetting the uraninite geochronometer metasomatically: The role of Na-Ca-F-OH-bearing fluids at 450 and 600 °C and 200 MPa - Daniel E. Harlov; Michael Waitzinger; David Schiller; Fritz Finger (Chemical Geology, 2024)

Triple oxygen isotope systematics of CO2 hydroxylation - David Bajnai; Xiaobin Cao; Swea Klipsch; Andreas Pack; Daniel Herwartz (Chemical Geology, 2024)

Using setpoint temperatures based on adaptive thermal comfort models: The case of an Australian model considering climate change - Daniel Sánchez-García; David Bienvenido-Huertas; Jorge Martínez-Crespo; Richard de Dear (Building and Environment, 2024)

Geomorphological assessment as basic complement of InSAR analysis for landslide processes understanding - Davide Torre; Jorge Pedro Galve; Cristina Reyes-Carmona; David Alfonso-Jorde; Daniel Ballesteros; Marco Menichetti; Daniela Piacentini; Francesco Troiani; José Miguel Azañón (Landslides, 2024)
Landslide research has benefited greatly from advances in remote sensing techniques. However, the recent increase in available data on land surface movement provided by InSAR techniques can lead to identifying only those areas that were active during data acquisition as hazardous, overlooking other potentially unsafe areas or neglecting landslide-specific geological settings in hazard assessments. Here, we present a case study that serves as a reminder for landslide researchers to carefully consider the geology and geomorphology of study areas where complex active movements are detected using InSAR technology. In an area extensively studied using InSAR and UAV-related techniques, we provide new insights by applying classical approaches. The area is the coastal stretch of La Herradura, and its importance lies in the fact that it has served as an illustrative example in the Product User Manual of the European Ground Motion Service, a platform that provides ground motion data on a European scale. Our approach is to revisit the area and carry out qualitative geological and geomorphological assessments supported by UAV surveys and GIS spatial analysis on a broader scale than previously published investigations. Our classical approach has yielded the following new observations, crucial for risk assessment and land management: active landslides identified by InSAR techniques since 2015 are bodies nested within large mass movements that affect entire slopes. A variety of processes contribute to slope dynamics, such as large slumps, marble rock spreading and block sliding, and surface rock falls and topples. The revised delineation of the landslide bodies reveals an area almost five times larger than previously mapped. These new findings in a well-known area highlight (1) the importance of updating and downscaling previous maps and (2) the ongoing importance of classical fieldwork and desk studies as basic complements to modern InSAR analyses.

Purification and Characterization of Ulvans from Chilean Ulva lactuca and Assessment of the Stimulation of Growth Induced by Ulvans and Oligo-Ulvans in Arabidopsis thaliana - Héctor Osorio; Daniel Laporte; Stephanie Romero; Constanza Vidal; Fabián Martínez; Daniela Espinoza; Ximena Romo; David Gallegos; Alberto González; Alejandra Moenne (Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2024)

Basal Heave Stability Analysis of a Circular Shaft Excavation Considering FEM, NLA, and MPM Approaches - Fabricio Fernández; David Sebastian Calpa Juajinoy; Eurípedes Vargas; Raquel Quadros Velloso; Daniel Dias (Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2024)

Emissions from the Construction Sector in the United Kingdom - Carl Desouza; Daniel Marsh; Sean Beevers; Nick Molden; David Green (Emission Control Science and Technology, 2024)
The UK national atmospheric emissions inventory estimates of construction industry emissions use a top-down approach, based on fuel consumption and employment. It estimates that the sector is the 2nd largest emitter of PM 2.5 (14%) and 4th largest emitter of NO X (7%). In this study, we have adopted a bottom-up approach to assess emissions of NO X from the sector and show that emissions are 39% higher than the existing estimates. By developing a novel fleet turnover model to predict the population and emission standard of construction machinery up to 2025, we demonstrate a significant shift in the quantity and types of machines used. The overall uncertainty of the model was calculated to be 55%. Applying the estimated uncertainties to the model, in 2018, the non-road mobile machinery fleet in the UK emitted 36.6 ± 10.0 kilo-tonnes of NO X , whilst the NAEI estimated 33.2 kilo-tonnes for the same sector. For the subsequent years 2019 and 2020, the NAEI estimate was within the model’s uncertainty prediction—28.0 kilo-tonnes compared with 32.7 ± 8.9 kilo-tonnes for 2019 and 23.2 kilo-tonnes compared with 29.5 ± 8.1 kilo-tonnes for 2020. Overall, the size of the non-road mobile machinery fleet in the UK is predicted to reduce by 4% in 2025 compared to 2018. Furthermore, the introduction of Stages IV and V emission regulations for new machines will lead to a 58% reduction in fleet NO X emissions over the same period. These emission regulations are targeted at the larger, more polluting machines, with smaller machines not required to meet tighter emissions standards under Stage V. As a result, mini-excavators are the most common machines and consequently become the dominant source of NO X emissions from the fleet, contributing 55% in 2025. Therefore, tighter emissions regulations, or the uptake of battery power in the form of electrification, for these small machines would yield significant emissions reductions. Graphical Abstract

Effect of a microbial phytase on the growth performance, digestibility and retention in a high plant meal inclusion diet for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) - David Edward Terrey; Daniel Arana Braidi; Robert Serwata (Aquaculture International, 2024)
The effect of supplementation of a novel phytase (OptiPhos®; Huvepharma; 750 OTU) to high plant meal inclusion diets for Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) was assessed. Diets were prepared without phytase, with phytase and with supplemental inorganic phosphorus (MCP). After 61 days significant increases in growth, FCR and protein efficiency were seen in diets supplemented with phytase and with MCP over the negative control ( P P P P

Change in rate of healthcare encounters for respiratory infection from air pollution exposure after improved vehicle emissions standards in New York State - Daniel P. Croft; Mark J. Utell; Han Liu; Shao Lin; Philip K. Hopke; Sally W. Thurston; Yunle Chen; David Q. Rich (Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 2024)
The introduction of Tier 3 light-duty vehicles with reduced emissions began in New York State (NYS) in 2017, with required compliance by 2025. We hypothesized that improved air quality during the early implementation of Tier 3 (2017–2019) would result in reduced rates of hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits for respiratory infection associated with increased PM 2.5 compared to 2014–2016 (pre-Tier 3). Using data on adult patients hospitalized or having an ED visit for influenza, upper respiratory infection, culture-negative pneumonia, or respiratory bacterial infection, living within 15 miles of six air quality monitoring sites in NY, and a case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression, we estimated the rates of respiratory infection hospitalizations and ED visits associated with increased ambient PM 2.5 concentrations in the previous 0–6 days and each week thereafter up to 1 month. Interquartile range (IQR) increases in PM 2.5 in the previous 6 days were associated with 4.6% (95% CI: − 0.5, 10.1) and 11.9% (95% CI = 6.1, 18.0) increased rates of influenza hospitalizations in 2014–2016 and 2017–2019, respectively. This pattern of larger relative rates in 2017–2019 observed at all lag times was only present in males hospitalized for influenza but not other infections or in females. The rates of respiratory infection visits associated with increased PM 2.5 were generally not reduced in this early Tier 3 implementation period compared to 2014–2016. Limited fleet penetration of Tier 3 vehicles and differences in particle deposition, infection type, and sex by period may all have contributed to this lack of improvement.

Predicting river phytoplankton blooms and community succession using ecological niche modeling - Michael J. Bowes; Michael G. Hutchins; David J. E. Nicholls; Linda K. Armstrong; Peter M. Scarlett; Monika D. Jürgens; Nuria Bachiller‐Jareno; Isabelle Fournier; Daniel S. Read (Limnology and Oceanography, 2024)
Excessive phytoplankton concentrations in rivers can result in the loss of plant and invertebrate communities, and threaten drinking water supplies. Whilst the physicochemical controls on algal blooms have been identified previously, how these factors combine to control the initiation, size, and cessation of blooms in rivers is not well understood. We applied flow cytometry to quantify diatom, chlorophyte, and cyanobacterial group abundances in the River Thames (UK) at weekly intervals from 2011 to 2022, alongside physicochemical data. A niche modeling approach was used to identify thresholds in water temperature, flow, solar radiation, and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations required to produce periods of phytoplankton growth, with blooms only occurring when all thresholds were met. The thresholds derived from the 2011 to 2018 dataset were applied to a test data set (2019–2022), which predicted the timing and duration of blooms at accuracies of > 80%. Diatoms and nano‐chlorophyte blooms were initiated by flow and water temperature, and usually terminated due to temperature and flow going out of the threshold range, or SRP and Si becoming limiting. Cyanobacterial bloom dynamics were primarily controlled by water temperature and solar radiation. This simple methodology provides a key understanding of phytoplankton community succession and inter‐annual variation and can be applied to any river with similar water quality and phytoplankton data. It provides early warnings of algal and cyanobacterial bloom timings, which support future catchment management decisions to safeguard water resources, and provides a basis for modeling changing phytoplankton bloom risk due to future climate change.

A circumpolar study unveils a positive non‐linear effect of temperature on arctic arthropod availability that may reduce the risk of warming‐induced trophic mismatch for breeding shorebirds - Aurélie Chagnon‐Lafortune; Éliane Duchesne; Pierre Legagneux; Laura McKinnon; Jeroen Reneerkens; Nicolas Casajus; Kenneth F. Abraham; Élise Bolduc; Glen S. Brown; Stephen C. Brown; H. River Gates; Olivier Gilg; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Seasonally abundant arthropods are a crucial food source for many migratory birds that breed in the Arctic. In cold environments, the growth and emergence of arthropods are particularly tied to temperature. Thus, the phenology of arthropods is anticipated to undergo a rapid change in response to a warming climate, potentially leading to a trophic mismatch between migratory insectivorous birds and their prey. Using data from 19 sites spanning a wide temperature gradient from the Subarctic to the High Arctic, we investigated the effects of temperature on the phenology and biomass of arthropods available to shorebirds during their short breeding season at high latitudes. We hypothesized that prolonged exposure to warmer summer temperatures would generate earlier peaks in arthropod biomass, as well as higher peak and seasonal biomass. Across the temperature gradient encompassed by our study sites (>10°C in average summer temperatures), we found a 3‐day shift in average peak date for every increment of 80 cumulative thawing degree‐days. Interestingly, we found a linear relationship between temperature and arthropod biomass only below temperature thresholds. Higher temperatures were associated with higher peak and seasonal biomass below 106 and 177 cumulative thawing degree‐days, respectively, between June 5 and July 15. Beyond these thresholds, no relationship was observed between temperature and arthropod biomass. Our results suggest that prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures can positively influence prey availability for some arctic birds. This positive effect could, in part, stem from changes in arthropod assemblages and may reduce the risk of trophic mismatch.

The unexpected influence of legacy conspecific density dependence - Lukas J. Magee; Joseph A. LaManna; Amy T. Wolf; Robert W. Howe; Yuanming Lu; Denis Valle; Daniel J. B. Smith; Robert Bagchi; David Bauman; Daniel J. Johnson (Ecology Letters, 2024)
When plants die, neighbours escape competition. Living conspecifics could disproportionately benefit because they are freed from negative intraspecific processes; however, if the negative effects of past conspecific neighbours persist, other species might be advantaged, and diversity might be maintained through legacy effects. We examined legacy effects in a mapped forest by modelling the survival of 37,212 trees of 23 species using four neighbourhood properties: living conspecific, living heterospecific, legacy conspecific (dead conspecifics) and legacy heterospecific densities. Legacy conspecific effects proved nearly four times stronger than living conspecific effects; changes in annual survival associated with legacy conspecific density were 1.5% greater than living conspecific effects. Over 90% of species were negatively impacted by legacy conspecific density, compared to 47% by living conspecific density. Our results emphasize that legacies of trees alter community dynamics, revealing that prior research may have underestimated the strength of density dependent interactions by not considering legacy effects.

SNAPSHOT USA 2021: A third coordinated national camera trap survey of the U nited S tates - Hila Shamon; Roi Maor; Michael V. Cove; Roland Kays; Jessie Adley; Peter D. Alexander; David N. Allen; Maximilian L. Allen; Cara L. Appel; Evan Barr; Erika L. Barthelmess; Carolina Baruzzi; et al. (Ecology, 2024)
SNAPSHOT USA is a multicontributor, long‐term camera trap survey designed to survey mammals across the United States. Participants are recruited through community networks and directly through a website application ( https://www.snapshot-usa.org/ ). The growing Snapshot dataset is useful, for example, for tracking wildlife population responses to land use, land cover, and climate changes across spatial and temporal scales. Here we present the SNAPSHOT USA 2021 dataset, the third national camera trap survey across the US. Data were collected across 109 camera trap arrays and included 1711 camera sites. The total effort equaled 71,519 camera trap nights and resulted in 172,507 sequences of animal observations. Sampling effort varied among camera trap arrays, with a minimum of 126 camera trap nights, a maximum of 3355 nights, a median 546 nights, and a mean 656 ± 431 nights. This third dataset comprises 51 camera trap arrays that were surveyed during 2019, 2020, and 2021, along with 71 camera trap arrays that were surveyed in 2020 and 2021. All raw data and accompanying metadata are stored on Wildlife Insights ( https://www.wildlifeinsights.org/ ), and are publicly available upon acceptance of the data papers. SNAPSHOT USA aims to sample multiple ecoregions in the United States with adequate representation of each ecoregion according to its relative size. Currently, the relative density of camera trap arrays varies by an order of magnitude for the various ecoregions (0.22–5.9 arrays per 100,000 km 2 ), emphasizing the need to increase sampling effort by further recruiting and retaining contributors. There are no copyright restrictions on these data. We request that authors cite this paper when using these data, or a subset of these data, for publication. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.

Contributions of the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems to risk‐based design and management of protected and conserved areas in Africa - David A. Keith; Somaya Magdy M. Ghoraba; Eric Kaly; Kendall R. Jones; Ané Oosthuizen; David Obura; Hugo M. Costa; Fahiema Daniels; Eleutério Duarte; Hedley Grantham; Mishal Gudka; Juliet Norman; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2024)
Protected and conserved areas (PCAs) are key ecosystem management tools for conserving biodiversity and sustaining ecosystem services and social cobenefits. As countries adopt a 30% target for protection of land and sea under the Global Biodiversity Framework of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, a critical question emerging is, which 30%? A risk‐based answer to this question is that the 30% that returns the greatest reductions in risks of species extinction and ecosystem collapse should be protected. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List protocols provide practical methods for assessing these risks. All species, including humans, depend on the integrity of ecosystems for their well‐being and survival. Africa is strategically important for ecosystem management due to convergence of high ecosystem diversity, intense pressures, and high levels of human dependency on nature. We reviewed the outcomes (e.g., applications of ecosystem red‐list assessments to protected‐area design, conservation planning, and management) of a symposium at the inaugural African Protected Areas Congress convened to discuss roles of the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems in the design and management of PCAs. Recent progress was made in ecosystem assessment, with 920 ecosystem types assessed against the IUCN Red List criteria across 21 countries. Although these ecosystems spanned a diversity of environments across the continent, the greatest thematic gaps were for freshwater, marine, and subterranean realms, and large geographic gaps existed in North Africa and parts of West and East Africa. Assessment projects were implemented by a diverse community of government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and researchers. The assessments have influenced policy and management by informing extensions to and management of formal protected area networks supporting decision‐making for sustainable development, and informing ecosystem conservation and threat abatement within boundaries of PCAs and in surrounding landscapes and seascapes. We recommend further integration of risk assessments in environmental policy and enhanced investment in ecosystem red‐list assessment to fill current gaps.

Anticorrosive properties in 1020 steel of an alkaloid-rich extract obtained from the jaborandi biomass (Pilocarpus microphyllus staff ex wardlew) of the pilocarpine industrial production chain - Francisco Marcelino Almeida de Araújo; Emely Thainara Almeida de Araújo; Miguel Gomes Cardoso; Bruno Silva Sá; Leiz Maria Costa Veras; Andreanne Gomes Vasconcelos; David Fernandes Lima; João Gonçalves; Augusto Batagin-Neto; Luciene Costa Vasconcelos; Massimo Lucarini; Alessandra Durazzo; et al. (Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali, 2024)

Herbicides Have Variable Effects on Understory Plant and Insect Communities in Southern United States Working Forests - Emma L Briggs; Daniel U Greene; David C Clabo; Kamal J K Gandhi (Journal of Forestry, 2024)
Working pine (Pinus spp.) forests in the southern United States rely on herbicides to remove competing vegetation and improve productivity. We conducted a review of the effects of herbicides on understory plants in southern working forests. We also discuss the impacts of herbicides on insect taxa associated with understory vegetation and its litter layer, including Coleoptera (carabid beetles), Hemiptera (true bugs), Hymenoptera (bees/ants), Lepidoptera (moths/butterflies), and Orthoptera (grasshoppers). Herbicides have few reported long-term impacts on understory herbaceous cover and species richness/diversity when applied according to labeled uses and application rates. However, the method of chemical treatment (e.g., broadcast spray or banded application) may influence understory plant structure and composition. Responses of insects to herbicides were species- and taxa-specific and highly variable given their forage/habitat requirements and life histories. Long-term research is needed to evaluate the effects of herbicides on vegetation-associated insects to provide a comprehensive profile of herbicide nontarget impacts. Study Implications: Land managers rely on herbicides to remove competing vegetation and increase working forest productivity. Given the objective of sustainable forest management to conserve biodiversity, it is important to understand how biological communities respond to chemical applications in intensively managed forest ecosystems. Our review indicated that herbicides have few reported long-term impacts on understory plant communities when applied appropriately. Despite their taxonomic diversity, invertebrates were rarely included in assessments of forest herbicides. Further research is needed to assess the potential nontarget impacts of herbicide applications on forest insect communities.

Corrigendum to “The influence of depositional environment on the abundance of microplastic pollution on beaches in the Bristol Channel, UK” [Mar. Pollut. Bull. 164 (2021) 111997] - Daniel R. Wilson; Brendan J. Godley; Gemma L. Haggar; David Santillo; Katy L. Sheen (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2024)

Energy savings in buildings applying ASHRAE 55 and regional adaptive thermal comfort models - David Bienvenido-Huertas; Daniel Sánchez-García; Blanca Tejedor; Carlos Rubio-Bellido (Urban Climate, 2024)

Species differences in specific ligand-binding affinity and activation of AHR: The biological basis for calculation of relative effective potencies and toxic equivalence factors - David L. Eaton; Ted W. Simon; Norbert E. Kaminski; Gary H. Perdew; Daniel W. Nebert (Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2024)

The 2022 revised WHO TEFs for dioxins and dioxin-like chemicals: The importance of considering the use of species-specific information to determine relative effective potency for human-based risk assessment - David L. Eaton; Ted W. Simon; Norbert E. Kaminski; Gary H. Perdew; Daniel W. Nebert (Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2024)

Difference in the cellular response following THP-1 derived phagocytic monocyte cells exposure to commercial aluminum-based adjuvants and aluminum-containing vaccines - Ghidaa Badran; Céline Grare; Jean-Daniel Masson; Marie-Odile David; Djamal Achour; Jean-Marc Lo Guidice; Guillaume Garçon; Guillemette Crépeaux (Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 2024)

Evaluation of methods for characterizing the fine particulate matter emissions from aircraft and other diffusion flame combustion aerosol sources - Robert Giannelli; Jeffrey Stevens; John S. Kinsey; David Kittelson; Alla Zelenyuk; Robert Howard; Mary Forde; Brandon Hoffman; Cullen Leggett; Bruce Maeroff; Nick Bies; Jacob Swanson; et al. (Journal of Aerosol Science, 2024)

Lunar Flashlight science ground and flight measurements and operations using a multi-band laser reflectometer - Barbara A. Cohen; Ryan R. Petersburg; Daniel R. Cremons; Patrick S. Russell; Paul O. Hayne; Benjamin T. Greenhagen; David A. Paige; Jose Martinez Camacho; Nathan Cheek; Mark T. Sullivan; Valeria Lopez Robles; Jessica Ban; et al. (Icarus, 2024)

An actor-centered, scalable land system typology for addressing biodiversity loss in the world’s tropical dry woodlands - Marie Pratzer; Patrick Meyfroidt; Marina Antongiovanni; Roxana Aragon; Germán Baldi; Stasiek Czaplicki Cabezas; Cristina A. de la Vega-Leinert; Shalini Dhyani; Jean-Christophe Diepart; Pedro David Fernandez; Stephen T. Garnett; Gregorio I. Gavier Pizarro; et al. (Global Environmental Change, 2024)

Long-term evaluation of pasture production, seasonality, and variability: An application of the DairyMod pasture model for three tropical species - J.M.P. Jayasinghe; Keith G. Pembleton; Daniel J. Donaghy; Thiagarajah Ramilan; David G. Barber (European Journal of Agronomy, 2024)

Modelling of tropical pasture growth using DairyMod: Model parameterisation and validation across multiple environments - J.M.P. Jayasinghe; Keith G. Pembleton; David G. Barber; Daniel J. Donaghy; Thiagarajah Ramilan (European Journal of Agronomy, 2024)

Environmental-related applications of ZnO nanopowders: Photocatalytic activity and photoluminescence response to ethanol - Oscar Marin-Ramirez; Matias Cornet; Daniel Pais Ospina; Milton Manotas-Albor; Mario Millan; Edgar Mosquera-Vargas; Mónica Tirado; David Comedi (Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, 2024)

An individual-based model for direct and indirect transmission of chronic wasting disease in free-ranging white-tailed deer - Noelle E Thompson; David J Butts; Michael S Murillo; Daniel J O'Brien; Sonja A Christensen; William F Porter; Gary J Roloff (Ecological Modelling, 2024)

The onset of fluid-induced alteration of fluorapatite in iron oxide-apatite deposits: Insights from fluorapatite and their monazite inclusions at the Heiyingshan iron deposit, Beishan Metallogenic Belt, Northwest China - Yong Yin; Hao Hu; Xiao-Dong Deng; Daniel Harlov; Jian-Wei Li; Zhuang Duan; Zhe-Jian Pan; David R. Lentz (Chemical Geology, 2024)

Host-parasite interaction in severe and uncomplicated malaria infection in ghanaian children - Richard H. Asmah; Daniel Sai Squire; Selorme Adupko; David Adedia; Eric Kyei-Baafour; Ebenezer K. Aidoo; Patrick F. Ayeh-Kumi (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2024)

Migration of transition metals and potential for carbon mineralization during acid leaching of processed kimberlite from Venetia diamond mine, South Africa - Baolin Wang; Nina Zeyen; Sasha Wilson; Makoto J. Honda-McNeil; Jessica L. Hamilton; Konstantin Von Gunten; Daniel S. Alessi; Thomas R. Jones; David J. Paterson; Gordon Southam (Applied Geochemistry, 2024)

Herbal leys have no effect on soil porosity, earthworm abundance, and microbial community composition compared to a grass-clover ley in a sheep grazed grassland after 2-years - Emily C. Cooledge; Craig J. Sturrock; Brian S. Atkinson; Sacha J. Mooney; Francesca L. Brailsford; Daniel V. Murphy; Jonathan R. Leake; David R. Chadwick; Davey L. Jones (Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2024)

Earth’s geomagnetic environment—progress and gaps in understanding, prediction, and impacts - Hermann J. Opgenoorth; Robert Robinson; Chigomezyo M. Ngwira; Katherine Garcia Sage; Maria Kuznetsova; Mostafa El Alaoui; David Boteler; Jennifer Gannon; James Weygand; Viacheslav Merkin; Katariina Nykyri; Burcu Kosar; et al. (Advances in Space Research, 2024)

Trophic niche partitioning among non-native fish species coexisting in a Colombian high Andean reservoir - Juan David Nieto; Lina María Martínez-Toro; Juan Sebastián Ospina; Daniel Valencia-Rodríguez; Daniel Restrepo-Santamaria; Luz Fernanda Jiménez-Segura (Biological Invasions, 2024)
The introduction of non-native species to a new environment poses a threat to local biological diversity, causing instability in the functioning of the ecosystem. The ecological effects caused by these species have been scarcely documented in the Magdalena basin. By studying predator–prey interactions, we characterized the trophic niche of three non-native species ( Cyprinus carpio, Micropterus salmoides, and Oncorhynchus mykiss ) that dominate a high Andean reservoir in the Magdalena basin. This study allows us to understand their specific feeding behaviors and how these behaviors facilitate their establishment in the reservoir. We evaluated the diversity of the prey they consume, their feeding strategy, and possible differences in the feeding scheme. Forty individuals were analyzed, with the highest representation of M. salmoides with 17 individuals, followed by C. carpio (13 individuals), and finally O. mykiss with 10 individuals. We identified twenty categories of food as prey for these species, with aquatic invertebrates and vegetation material being the predominant prey. The analysis of stomach contents in these samples suggested that they are representative for determining specialized or generalist feeding strategies. There were no differences in the number of prey items consumed by these three species. The analysis revealed that the feeding strategies are specific for each species. There was no overlap in the diet of C. carpio with the other two species, however, the composition of the diet is similar between M. salmoides and O. mykiss. Analyzing the diet of these non-native fish provides a useful tool for describing trophic interactions in this aquatic environment. Our results contribute information on the existing interactions amongst non-native species in the Magdalena basin, which is important for the development of strategies to manage and mitigate their impact.

Comparing Transcriptomic Points of Departure to Apical Effect Concentrations For Larval Fathead Minnow Exposed to Chemicals with Four Different Modes Of Action - Kevin Flynn; Michelle Le; Monique Hazemi; Adam Biales; David C. Bencic; Brett R. Blackwell; Kendra Bush; Robert Flick; John X. Hoang; John Martinson; Mackenzie Morshead; Kelvin Santana Rodriguez; et al. (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2024)

Incorporating uncertainty in Indigenous sea Country monitoring with Bayesian statistics: Towards more informed decision-making - Katherine Cure; Diego R. Barneche; Martial Depczynski; Rebecca Fisher; David J. Warne; James McGree; Jim Underwood; Frank Weisenberger; Elizabeth Evans-Illidge; Brendan Ford; Daniel Oades; Azton Howard; et al. (Ambio, 2024)
Partnerships in marine monitoring combining Traditional Ecological Knowledge and western science are developing globally to improve our understanding of temporal changes in ecological communities that better inform coastal management practices. A fuller communication between scientists and Indigenous partners about the limitations of monitoring results to identify change is essential to the impact of monitoring datasets on decision-making. Here we present a 5-year co-developed case study from a fish monitoring partnership in northwest Australia showing how uncertainty estimated by Bayesian models can be incorporated into monitoring management indicators. Our simulation approach revealed there was high uncertainty in detecting immediate change over the following monitoring year when translated to health performance indicators. Incorporating credibility estimates into health assessments added substantial information to monitoring trends, provided a deeper understanding of monitoring limitations and highlighted the importance of carefully selecting the way we evaluate management performance indicators.

The biological controls of soil carbon accumulation following wildfire and harvest in boreal forests: A review - Michael J. Gundale; E. Petter Axelsson; Vincent Buness; Timon Callebaut; Thomas H. DeLuca; Stefan F. Hupperts; Theresa S. Ibáñez; Daniel B. Metcalfe; Marie‐Charlotte Nilsson; Matthias Peichl; Clydecia M. Spitzer; Zsofia R. Stangl; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Boreal forests are frequently subjected to disturbances, including wildfire and clear‐cutting. While these disturbances can cause soil carbon (C) losses, the long‐term accumulation dynamics of soil C stocks during subsequent stand development is controlled by biological processes related to the balance of net primary production (NPP) and outputs via heterotrophic respiration and leaching, many of which remain poorly understood. We review the biological processes suggested to influence soil C accumulation in boreal forests. Our review indicates that median C accumulation rates following wildfire and clear‐cutting are similar (0.15 and 0.20 Mg ha −1 year −1 , respectively), however, variation between studies is extremely high. Further, while many individual studies show linear increases in soil C stocks through time after disturbance, there are indications that C stock recovery is fastest early to mid‐succession (e.g. 15–80 years) and then slows as forests mature (e.g. >100 years). We indicate that the rapid build‐up of soil C in younger stands appears not only driven by higher plant production, but also by a high rate of mycorrhizal hyphal production, and mycorrhizal suppression of saprotrophs. As stands mature, the balance between reductions in plant and mycorrhizal production, increasing plant litter recalcitrance, and ectomycorrhizal decomposers and saprotrophs have been highlighted as key controls on soil C accumulation rates. While some of these controls appear well understood (e.g. temporal patterns in NPP, changes in aboveground litter quality), many others remain research frontiers. Notably, very little data exists describing and comparing successional patterns of root production, mycorrhizal functional traits, mycorrhizal‐saprotroph interactions, or C outputs via heterotrophic respiration and dissolved organic C following different disturbances. We argue that these less frequently described controls require attention, as they will be key not only for understanding ecosystem C balances, but also for representing these dynamics more accurately in soil organic C and Earth system models.

Biological invasions are a population‐level rather than a species‐level phenomenon - Phillip J. Haubrock; Ismael Soto; Danish A. Ahmed; Ali R. Ansari; Ali Serhan Tarkan; Irmak Kurtul; Rafael L. Macêdo; Adrián Lázaro‐Lobo; Mathieu Toutain; Ben Parker; Dagmara Błońska; Simone Guareschi; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Biological invasions pose a rapidly expanding threat to the persistence, functioning and service provisioning of ecosystems globally, and to socio‐economic interests. The stages of successful invasions are driven by the same mechanism that underlies adaptive changes across species in general—via natural selection on intraspecific variation in traits that influence survival and reproductive performance (i.e., fitness). Surprisingly, however, the rapid progress in the field of invasion science has resulted in a predominance of species‐level approaches (such as deny lists), often irrespective of natural selection theory, local adaptation and other population‐level processes that govern successful invasions. To address these issues, we analyse non‐native species dynamics at the population level by employing a database of European freshwater macroinvertebrate time series, to investigate spreading speed, abundance dynamics and impact assessments among populations. Our findings reveal substantial variability in spreading speed and abundance trends within and between macroinvertebrate species across biogeographic regions, indicating that levels of invasiveness and impact differ markedly. Discrepancies and inconsistencies among species‐level risk screenings and real population‐level data were also identified, highlighting the inherent challenges in accurately assessing population‐level effects through species‐level assessments. In recognition of the importance of population‐level assessments, we urge a shift in invasive species management frameworks, which should account for the dynamics of different populations and their environmental context. Adopting an adaptive, region‐specific and population‐focused approach is imperative, considering the diverse ecological contexts and varying degrees of susceptibility. Such an approach could improve and refine risk assessments while promoting mechanistic understandings of risks and impacts, thereby enabling the development of more effective conservation and management strategies.

The challenge of assessing the effects of drifting fish aggregating devices on the behaviour and biology of tropical tuna - Amaël Dupaix; Frédéric Ménard; John D. Filmalter; Yannick Baidai; Nathalie Bodin; Manuela Capello; Emmanuel Chassot; Hervé Demarcq; Jean‐Louis Deneubourg; Alain Fonteneau; Fabien Forget; Francesca Forrestal; et al. (Fish and Fisheries, 2024)
Fishers have intensively used drifting fish aggregating devices (DFADs) over the last three decades to facilitate their catch of tropical tunas. DFADs increase purse‐seine efficiency, potentially increasing tuna fishing mortality. They could also have impacts on tuna natural mortality and reproductive potential, and assessing the consequences of their presence at sea on tuna populations is a challenge. The use of DFADs results in a major increase in the number of floating objects, which are spatially heterogeneous at sea. To date, no converging scientific results exist regarding the effects of DFADs on the large‐scale movements and behaviour of tuna, mainly due to the difficulty of disentangling the respective roles of DFADs and environmental factors. Some biological indices show that tuna condition is lower when associated to a floating object than in a free‐swimming school. However, it is not clear whether this is the cause or the consequence of the association nor if it has long‐term effects on individuals' fitness. Further scientific progress requires (i) the collection of time series of indicators to monitor habitat change, individual behaviour, individual fitness, and population dynamics and (ii) experimental studies to identify the underlying behavioural and biological processes involved in associative behaviour. The extent of the modification of the surface habitat by the massive deployment of DFADs and the current uncertainty of the possible long‐term consequences on the individual fitness and dynamics of tuna populations argue for the need for increased awareness of this issue by Regional Fisheries Management Organisations regulating tuna fishing.

Increases in regional brain volume across two native South American male populations - Nikhil N. Chaudhari; Phoebe E. Imms; Nahian F. Chowdhury; Margaret Gatz; Benjamin C. Trumble; Wendy J. Mack; E. Meng Law; M. Linda Sutherland; James D. Sutherland; Christopher J. Rowan; L. Samuel Wann; Adel H. Allam; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
Industrialized environments, despite benefits such as higher levels of formal education and lower rates of infections, can also have pernicious impacts upon brain atrophy. Partly for this reason, comparing age-related brain volume trajectories between industrialized and non-industrialized populations can help to suggest lifestyle correlates of brain health. The Tsimane, indigenous to the Bolivian Amazon, derive their subsistence from foraging and horticulture and are physically active. The Moseten, a mixed-ethnicity farming population, are physically active but less than the Tsimane. Within both populations ( N = 1024; age range = 46–83), we calculated regional brain volumes from computed tomography and compared their cross-sectional trends with age to those of UK Biobank (UKBB) participants ( N = 19,973; same age range). Surprisingly among Tsimane and Moseten (T/M) males, some parietal and occipital structures mediating visuospatial abilities exhibit small but significant increases in regional volume with age. UKBB males exhibit a steeper negative trend of regional volume with age in frontal and temporal structures compared to T/M males. However, T/M females exhibit significantly steeper rates of brain volume decrease with age compared to UKBB females, particularly for some cerebro-cortical structures (e.g., left subparietal cortex). Across the three populations, observed trends exhibit no interhemispheric asymmetry. In conclusion, the age-related rate of regional brain volume change may differ by lifestyle and sex. The lack of brain volume reduction with age is not known to exist in other human population, highlighting the putative role of lifestyle in constraining regional brain atrophy and promoting elements of non-industrialized lifestyle like higher physical activity.

Sex differences in interacting genetic and functional connectivity biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease - Jordan N. Williamson; Shirley A. James; Sean P. Mullen; Bradley P. Sutton; Tracey Wszalek; Beni Mulyana; Peter Mukli; Andriy Yabluchanskiy; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Cattle production strategies to deliver protein with less land and lower environmental impact - Daniel Henn; Colm Duffy; James Humphreys; James Gibbons; Kenneth A. Byrne; David Styles (Journal of Environmental Management, 2024)

Applying integrated Triassic biostratigraphy in Timor-Leste to unlock an under-sampled Gondwanan sector of the Tethys puzzle - Eujay McCartain; Michael J. Orchard; Daniel Mantle; David W. Haig; Angela Bertinelli; Marco Chiari; Florentino S. Ferreira; Zelia dos Santos; John Backhouse; Barry A. Taylor; Isaias S. Barros; Bernado N. de Araujo; et al. (Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2024)

Concepts of user-centred lighting controls for office applications: A systematic literature review - Sascha Hammes; David Geisler-Moroder; Martin Hauer; Johannes Weninger; Maximilian Obleitner; Josef Miller; Daniel Plörer; Vincent Van Karsbergen; Robert Weitlaner; Rainer Pfluger (Building and Environment, 2024)

Fuel upgrade and soil contamination effects on wood chip quality and combustion behaviour - Carina Kuchler; Claudia Schön; Daniel Kuptz; Elke Dietz; David Zimmermann; Elisabeth Rist; Robert Mack; Markus Riebler; Uwe Blum; Herbert Borchert; Hans Hartmann (Biomass and Bioenergy, 2024)

Remote effects of Tibetan Plateau spring land temperature on global subseasonal to seasonal precipitation prediction and comparison with effects of sea surface temperature: the GEWEX/LS4P Phase I experiment - Yongkang Xue; Ismaila Diallo; Aaron A. Boone; Yang Zhang; Xubin Zeng; William K. M. Lau; J. David Neelin; Tandong Yao; Qi Tang; Tomonori Sato; Myung-Seo Koo; Frederic Vitart; et al. (Climate Dynamics, 2024)
The prediction skill for precipitation anomalies in late spring and summer months—a significant component of extreme climate events—has remained stubbornly low for years. This paper presents a new idea that utilizes information on boreal spring land surface temperature/subsurface temperature (LST/SUBT) anomalies over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) to improve prediction of subsequent summer droughts/floods over several regions over the world, East Asia and North America in particular. The work was performed in the framework of the GEWEX/LS4P Phase I (LS4P-I) experiment, which focused on whether the TP LST/SUBT provides an additional source for subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) predictability. The summer 2003, when there were severe drought/flood over the southern/northern part of the Yangtze River basin, respectively, has been selected as the focus case. With the newly developed LST/SUBT initialization method, the observed surface temperature anomaly over the TP has been partially produced by the LS4P-I model ensemble mean, and 8 hotspot regions in the world were identified where June precipitation is significantly associated with anomalies of May TP land temperature. Consideration of the TP LST/SUBT effect has produced about 25–50% of observed precipitation anomalies in most hotspot regions. The multiple models have shown more consistency in the hotspot regions along the Tibetan Plateau-Rocky Mountain Circumglobal (TRC) wave train. The mechanisms for the LST/SUBT effect on the 2003 drought over the southern part of the Yangtze River Basin are discussed. For comparison, the global SST effect has also been tested and 6 regions with significant SST effects were identified in the 2003 case, explaining about 25–50% of precipitation anomalies over most of these regions. This study suggests that the TP LST/SUBT effect is a first-order source of S2S precipitation predictability, and hence it is comparable to that of the SST effect. With the completion of the LS4P-I, the LS4P-II has been launched and the LS4P-II protocol is briefly presented.

Moult performance varies in relation to colour patterns in crossbills - Blanca Fernández-Eslava; Daniel Alonso; David Galicia; Juan Arizaga (Journal of Ornithology, 2024)
Carotenoid-based ornamentation can vary greatly among individual birds of the same population. This variability might consider the timing and duration of moult. Crossbills (genus Loxia ) show large variation in their colour patterns, ranging from dull yellow to red. Thus, they provide an excellent avian model for testing whether the timing and duration of their moult are associated with their dominant colour patterns. Using a dataset of more than 1900 crossbills captured in the Pyrenees (Spain), we observed that individuals with red feathers started their primary moult early, while those with yellow feathers started moult on an average of 18 days later. We also found that yellow crossbills were more likely to suspend moults (i.e. temporally interrupt moult), postponing a part of the moult until September. These differences in the moulting process may be related to plumage colour, which reflect individual condition.

Correction: Limits to the three domains of life: lessons from community assembly along an Antarctic salinity gradient - Xiaoben Jiang; David J. Van Horn; Jordan G. Okie; Heather N. Buelow; Egbert Schwartz; Daniel R. Colman; Kelli L. Feeser; Cristina D. Takacs-Vesbach (Extremophiles, 2024)

Comparison of single and double pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for the detection of biomolecules tagged with photon-upconversion nanoparticles - Zdeněk Farka; Karolína Vytisková; Ekaterina Makhneva; Eva Zikmundová; Daniel Holub; Jakub Buday; David Prochazka; Karel Novotný; Petr Skládal; Pavel Pořízka; Jozef Kaiser (Analytica Chimica Acta, 2024)

Habitat-dependent metabolic costs for a wild cold-water fish - Benjamin L. Hlina; Daniel M. Glassman; Elodie J. I. Lédée; Liane B. Nowell; Julie E. Claussen; David P. Philipp; J. Ellen Marsden; Michael Power; Steven J. Cooke (Aquatic Sciences, 2024)

A global analysis of field body temperatures of active squamates in relation to climate and behaviour - Shahar Dubiner; Rocío Aguilar; Rodolfo O. Anderson; Diego M. Arenas Moreno; Luciano J. Avila; Estefania Boada‐Viteri; Martin Castillo; David G. Chapple; Christian O. Chukwuka; Alison Cree; Félix B. Cruz; Guarino R. Colli; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2024)
Aim Squamate fitness is affected by body temperature, which in turn is influenced by environmental temperatures and, in many species, by exposure to solar radiation. The biophysical drivers of body temperature have been widely studied, but we lack an integrative synthesis of actual body temperatures experienced in the field, and their relationships to environmental temperatures, across phylogeny, behaviour and climate. Location Global (25 countries on six continents). Taxa Squamates (210 species, representing 25 families). Methods We measured the body temperatures of 20,231 individuals of squamates in the field while they were active. We examined how body temperatures vary with substrate and air temperatures across taxa, climates and behaviours (basking and diel activity). Results Heliothermic lizards had the highest body temperatures. Their body temperatures were the most weakly correlated with substrate and air temperatures. Body temperatures of non‐heliothermic diurnal lizards were similar to heliotherms in relation to air temperature, but similar to nocturnal species in relation to substrate temperatures. The correlation of body temperature with air and substrate temperatures was stronger in diurnal snakes and non‐heliothermic lizards than in heliotherms. Body‐substrate and body‐air temperature correlations varied with mean annual temperatures in all diurnal squamates, especially in heliotherms. Thermal relations vary with behaviour (heliothermy, nocturnality) in cold climates but converge towards the same relation in warm climates. Non‐heliotherms and nocturnal species body temperatures are better explained by substrate temperature than by air temperature. Body temperature distributions become left‐skewed in warmer‐bodied species, especially in colder climates. Main Conclusions Squamate body temperatures, their frequency distributions and their relation to environmental temperature, are globally influenced by behavioural and climatic factors. For all temperatures and climates, heliothermic species' body temperatures are consistently higher and more stable than in other species, but in regions with warmer climate these differences become less pronounced. A comparable variation was found in non‐heliotherms, but in not nocturnal species whose body temperatures were similar to air and substrate irrespective of the macroclimatic context.

Introducing Elinor for monitoring the governance and management of area‐based conservation - Shauna L. Mahajan; Samson Obiene; Lenice Ojwang; Nasser Olwero; Abel Valdivia; Adaoma Wosu; Emily Adrid; Dominic A. Andradi‐Brown; Gildas Andriamalala; Natalie C. Ban; Nathan J. Bennett; Jessica Blythe; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2024)
Monitoring the governance and management effectiveness of area‐based conservation has long been recognized as an important foundation for achieving national and global biodiversity goals and enabling adaptive management. However, there are still many barriers that prevent conservation actors, including those affected by governance and management systems from implementing conservation activities and programs and from gathering and using data on governance and management to inform decision‐making across spatial scales and through time. We explored current and past efforts to assess governance and management effectiveness and barriers actors face in using the resulting data and insights to inform conservation decision‐making. To help overcome these barriers, we developed Elinor, a free and open‐source monitoring tool that builds on the work of Nobel Prize winner Elinor Ostrom to facilitate the gathering, storing, sharing, analyzing, and use of data on environmental governance and management across spatial scales and for areas under different governance and management types. We consider the process of codesigning and piloting Elinor with conservation scientists and practitioners and the main components of the assessment and online data system. We also consider how Elinor complements existing approaches by addressing governance and management in a single assessment at a high level for different types of area‐based conservation, providing flexible options for data collection, and integrating a data system with an assessment that can support data use and sharing across different spatial scales, including global monitoring of the Global Biodiversity Framework. Although challenges will continue, the process of developing Elinor and the tool itself offer tangible solutions to barriers that prevent the systematic collection and use of governance and management data. With broader uptake, Elinor can play a valuable role in enabling more effective, inclusive, and durable area‐based conservation.

Ban mining, ban dining? Re(examining) the policy and practice of ‘militarised conservationism’ on ASM operations - George Ofosu; Daniel Siaw; David Sarpong; Stephen Danquah (The Extractive Industries and Society, 2024)

Maximising environmental pressure-response relationship signals from diatom-based metabarcoding in rivers - Martyn G. Kelly; David G. Mann; Joe D. Taylor; Stephen Juggins; Kerry Walsh; Jo-Anne Pitt; Daniel S. Read (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

On-orbit calibration and performance of the EMIT imaging spectrometer - David R. Thompson; Robert O. Green; Christine Bradley; Philip G. Brodrick; Natalie Mahowald; Eyal Ben Dor; Matthew Bennett; Michael Bernas; Nimrod Carmon; K. Dana Chadwick; Roger N. Clark; Red Willow Coleman; et al. (Remote Sensing of Environment, 2024)

Unraveling Pre-filled Syringe Needle Clogging: Exploring a Fresh Outlook Through Innovative Techniques - Guangli Hu; Daniel Bonanno; Yongchao Su; Xi Zhao; Yogita Krishnamachari; William Forrest; Steven Persak; Jeffrey Givand; David Mannes; Margie Olbinado; Matthias Wagner; Christian Grünzweig; et al. (Pharmaceutical Research, 2024)

Tetraconodontines and suines (Artiodactyla: Suidae) from the earliest Vallesian site of Castell de Barberà (Vallès-Penedès Basin, NE Iberian Peninsula) - Sharrah McKenzie; Sara G. Arranz; Sergio Almécija; Daniel De Miguel; David M. Alba (Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 2024)

Heterozygous MAP3K20 variants cause ectodermal dysplasia, craniosynostosis, sensorineural hearing loss, and limb anomalies - Daniel Brooks; Elizabeth Burke; Sukyeong Lee; Tanya N. Eble; Melanie O’Leary; Ikeoluwa Osei-Owusu; Heidi L. Rehm; Shweta U. Dhar; Lisa Emrick; David Bick; Michelle Nehrebecky; Ellen Macnamara; et al. (Human Genetics, 2024)

Investigating the levels of organochlorine pesticides in human milk at three lactational stages: an intensive Ghanaian study - Justice Wiston Amstrong Jonathan; Daniel Elorm Kwame Kabotso; David Kofi Essumang; John Kwesi Bentum; Innocentia Ruby Gborgblorvor; Fidelis M. Kpodo; Francis Ofosu-Koranteng; Comfort Worna Lotse; Norkplim Dei Hlorlewu (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2024)

Excess pancreatic cancer risk due to smoking and modifying effect of quitting smoking: The Multiethnic Cohort Study - David Bogumil; Daniel Stram; Dale L. Preston; Stephen J. Pandol; Anna H. Wu; Roberta McKean-Cowdin; David V. Conti; Veronica Wendy Setiawan (Cancer Causes & Control, 2024)
Purpose Risk factors for pancreatic cancer include racial/ethnic disparities and smoking. However, risk trajectories by smoking history and race/ethnicity are unknown. We examined the association of smoking with pancreatic cancer by race/ethnicity to generate age-specific incidence estimates by smoking history. Methods We modeled pancreatic cancer incidence by race/ethnicity, age, pack-years, and years-quit using an excess relative risk model for 182,011 Multiethnic Cohort participants. We tested heterogeneity of smoking variables and pancreatic cancer by race/ethnicity and predicted incidence by smoking history. Results We identified 1,831 incident pancreatic cancer cases over an average 19.3 years of follow-up. Associations of pack-years ( p interaction by race/ethnicity = 0.41) and years-quit ( p interaction = 0.83) with pancreatic cancer did not differ by race/ethnicity. Fifty pack-years smoked was associated with 91% increased risk (95% CI 54%, 127%) relative to never smokers in the combined sample. Every year quit corresponded to 9% decreased excess risk (95% CI 2%, 15%) from pack-years smoked. Differences in baseline pancreatic cancer risk across racial/ethnic groups ( p < 0.001) translated to large differences in risk for smokers at older ages across racial/ethnic groups (65–122 cases per 100,000 at age 70). Conclusion Smoking pack-years were positively associated with elevated pancreatic cancer risk. Predicted risk trajectories showed a high impact of smoking cessation at < 65 years. Although we did not identify significant heterogeneity in the association of pack-years or years quit with pancreatic cancer risk, current smoker risk varied greatly by race/ethnicity in later life due to large differences in baseline risk.

Inherited BRCA1 and RNF43 pathogenic variants in a familial colorectal cancer type X family - James M. Chan; Mark Clendenning; Sharelle Joseland; Peter Georgeson; Khalid Mahmood; Jihoon E. Joo; Romy Walker; Julia Como; Susan Preston; Shuyi Marci Chai; Yen Lin Chu; Aaron L. Meyers; et al. (Familial Cancer, 2024)
Genetic susceptibility to familial colorectal cancer (CRC), including for individuals classified as Familial Colorectal Cancer Type X (FCCTX), remains poorly understood. We describe a multi-generation CRC-affected family segregating pathogenic variants in both BRCA1 , a gene associated with breast and ovarian cancer and RNF43 , a gene associated with Serrated Polyposis Syndrome (SPS). A single family out of 105 families meeting the criteria for FCCTX (Amsterdam I family history criteria with mismatch repair (MMR)-proficient CRCs) recruited to the Australasian Colorectal Cancer Family Registry (ACCFR; 1998–2008) that underwent whole exome sequencing (WES), was selected for further testing. CRC and polyp tissue from four carriers were molecularly characterized including a single CRC that underwent WES to determine tumor mutational signatures and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) events. Ten carriers of a germline pathogenic variant BRCA1 :c.2681_2682delAA p.Lys894ThrfsTer8 and eight carriers of a germline pathogenic variant RNF43 :c.988 C > T p.Arg330Ter were identified in this family. Seven members carried both variants, four of which developed CRC. A single carrier of the RNF43 variant met the 2019 World Health Organization (WHO 2019 ) criteria for SPS, developing a BRAF p.V600 wildtype CRC. Loss of the wildtype allele for both BRCA1 and RNF43 variants was observed in three CRC tumors while a LOH event across chromosome 17q encompassing both genes was observed in a CRC. Tumor mutational signature analysis identified the homologous recombination deficiency (HRD)-associated COSMIC signatures SBS3 and ID6 in a CRC for a carrier of both variants. Our findings show digenic inheritance of pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and RNF43 segregating with CRC in a FCCTX family. LOH and evidence of BRCA1-associated HRD supports the importance of both these tumor suppressor genes in CRC tumorigenesis.

Unravelling the mystery of endemic versus translocated populations of the endangered Australian lungfish ( Neoceratodus forsteri ) - Roberto Biello; Silvia Ghirotto; Daniel J. Schmidt; Silvia Fuselli; David T. Roberts; Tom Espinoza; Jane M. Hughes; Giorgio Bertorelle (Molecular Ecology, 2024)
The Australian lungfish is a primitive and endangered representative of the subclass Dipnoi. The distribution of this species is limited to south‐east Queensland, with some populations considered endemic and others possibly descending from translocations in the late nineteenth century shortly after European discovery. Attempts to resolve the historical distribution of this species have met with conflicting results based on descriptive genetic studies. Understanding if all populations are endemic or some are the result of, or influenced by, translocation events, has implications for conservation management. In this work, we analysed the genetic variation at three types of markers (mtDNA genomes, 11 STRs and 5196 nuclear SNPs) using the approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) algorithm to compare several demographic models. We postulated different contributions of Mary River and Burnett River gene pools into the Brisbane River and North Pine River populations, related to documented translocation events. We ran the analysis for each marker type separately, and we also estimated the posterior probabilities of the models combining the markers. Nuclear SNPs have the highest power to correctly identify the true model among the simulated datasets (where the model was known), but different marker types typically provided similar answers. The most supported demographic model able to explain the real dataset implies that an endemic gene pool is still present in the Brisbane and North Pine Rivers and coexists with the gene pools derived from past documented translocation events. These results support the view that ABC modelling can be useful to reconstruct complex historical translocation events with contemporary implications, and will inform ongoing conservation efforts for the endangered and iconic Australian lungfish.

Bornean tropical forests recovering from logging at risk of regeneration failure - David C. Bartholomew; Robin Hayward; David F. R. P. Burslem; Paulo R. L. Bittencourt; Daniel Chapman; Mohd. Aminur Faiz Bin Suis; Reuben Nilus; Michael J. O'Brien; Glen Reynolds; Lucy Rowland; Lindsay F. Banin; Daisy Dent (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Active restoration through silvicultural treatments (enrichment planting, cutting climbers and liberation thinning) is considered an important intervention in logged forests. However, its ability to enhance regeneration is key for long‐term recovery of logged forests, which remains poorly understood, particularly for the production and survival of seedlings in subsequent generations. To understand the long‐term impacts of logging and restoration we tracked the diversity, survival and traits of seedlings that germinated immediately after a mast fruiting in North Borneo in unlogged and logged forests 30–35 years after logging. We monitored 5119 seedlings from germination for ~1.5 years across a mixed landscape of unlogged forests (ULs), naturally regenerating logged forests (NR) and actively restored logged forests via rehabilitative silvicultural treatments (AR), 15–27 years after restoration. We measured 14 leaf, root and biomass allocation traits on 399 seedlings from 15 species. Soon after fruiting, UL and AR forests had higher seedling densities than NR forest, but survival was the lowest in AR forests in the first 6 months. Community composition differed among forest types; AR and NR forests had lower species richness and lower evenness than UL forests by 5–6 months post‐mast but did not differ between them. Differences in community composition altered community‐weighted mean trait values across forest types, with higher root biomass allocation in NR relative to UL forest. Traits influenced mortality ~3 months post‐mast, with more acquisitive traits and relative aboveground investment favoured in AR forests relative to UL forests. Our findings of reduced seedling survival and diversity suggest long time lags in post‐logging recruitment, particularly for some taxa. Active restoration of logged forests recovers initial seedling production, but elevated mortality in AR forests lowers the efficacy of active restoration to enhance recruitment or diversity of seedling communities. This suggests current active restoration practices may fail to overcome barriers to regeneration in logged forests, which may drive long‐term changes in future forest plant communities.

Temperature and CO 2 interactively drive shifts in the compositional and functional structure of peatland protist communities - Christopher L. Kilner; Alyssa A. Carrell; Daniel J. Wieczynski; Samantha Votzke; Katrina DeWitt; Andrea Yammine; Jonathan Shaw; Dale A. Pelletier; David J. Weston; Jean P. Gibert (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Microbes affect the global carbon cycle that influences climate change and are in turn influenced by environmental change. Here, we use data from a long‐term whole‐ecosystem warming experiment at a boreal peatland to answer how temperature and CO 2 jointly influence communities of abundant, diverse, yet poorly understood, non‐fungi microbial Eukaryotes (protists). These microbes influence ecosystem function directly through photosynthesis and respiration, and indirectly, through predation on decomposers (bacteria and fungi). Using a combination of high‐throughput fluid imaging and 18S amplicon sequencing, we report large climate‐induced, community‐wide shifts in the community functional composition of these microbes (size, shape, and metabolism) that could alter overall function in peatlands. Importantly, we demonstrate a taxonomic convergence but a functional divergence in response to warming and elevated CO 2 with most environmental responses being contingent on organismal size: warming effects on functional composition are reversed by elevated CO 2 and amplified in larger microbes but not smaller ones. These findings show how the interactive effects of warming and rising CO 2 levels could alter the structure and function of peatland microbial food webs—a fragile ecosystem that stores upwards of 25% of all terrestrial carbon and is increasingly threatened by human exploitation.

EOS - Environment & Oil Spill Response. An analytic tool for environmental assessments to support oil spill response planning: Framework, principles, and proof-of-concept by an Arctic example - Susse Wegeberg; Janne Fritt-Rasmussen; Kim Gustavson; Madis-Jaak Lilover; David Boertmann; Tom Christensen; Kasper Lambert Johansen; Daniel Spelling-Clausen; Frank Rigét; Anders Mosbech (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2024)

Effect of florfenicol administered through feed on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) gut and its microbiome - Giovanna Monticelli; Joseph H. Bisesi; Jason T. Magnuson; Daniel Schlenk; Carlos Zarza; David Peggs; Daniela M. Pampanin (Aquaculture, 2024)

Combined effect of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen on the survival of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry during transportation, at different densities and durations - David López-Jiménez; Luis Daniel Espinosa-Chaurand; Alfonso N. Maeda-Martínez; Viridiana Peraza-Gómez (Aquaculture, 2024)

The effects of tree planting on allergenic pollen production in New York City - Daniel S.W. Katz; Guy S. Robinson; Alexis Ellis; David J. Nowak (Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2024)

Environmentally relevant concentrations of chemically complex shale gas wastewater led to reduced fitness of water fleas (Daphnia carinata): Multiple lines of evidence approach - Daniel J. Willems; Anupama Kumar; Thao V. Nguyen; David J. Beale; Dayanthi Nugegoda (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2024)

Developing expert scientific consensus on the environmental and societal effects of marine artificial structures prior to decommissioning - Antony M. Knights; Anaëlle J. Lemasson; Louise B. Firth; Todd Bond; Jeremy Claisse; Joop W.P. Coolen; Andrea Copping; Jennifer Dannheim; Michela De Dominicis; Steven Degraer; Michael Elliott; Paul G. Fernandes; et al. (Journal of Environmental Management, 2024)

Shallow carbonate geochemistry in the Bahamas since the last interglacial period - Stacey Edmonsond; Matthew D. Nadeau; Andrew C. Turner; Ziman Wu; Emily C. Geyman; Anne-Sofie C. Ahm; Blake Dyer; Sergey Oleynik; David McGee; Daniel A. Stolper; John A. Higgins; Adam C. Maloof (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2024)

Range-wide phylogeography of the golden jackals (Canis aureus) reveals multiple sources of recent spatial expansion and admixture with dogs at the expansion front - Milomir Stefanović; Wiesław Bogdanowicz; Roya Adavoudi; Francelly Martínez-Sosa; Karolina Doan; Alejandro Flores-Manzanero; Yellapu Srinivas; Ovidiu C. Banea; Duško Ćirović; Gianluca D'Amico; Mihajla Djan; Giorgos Giannatos; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2024)

The ethical assessment of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) in wildlife conservation - Barbara de Mori; Elena Mercugliano; Pierfrancesco Biasetti; Ilaria Pollastri; Maria Michela Spiriti; Daniela Florio; Francesco Andreucci; Frank Göritz; Susanne Holtze; Cesare Galli; Jan Stejskal; Silvia Colleoni; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2024)

Highly active fish in low oxygen environments: vertical movements and behavioural responses of bigeye and yellowfin tunas to oxygen minimum zones in the eastern Pacific Ocean - Nicolas E. Humphries; Daniel W. Fuller; Kurt M. Schaefer; David W. Sims (Marine Biology, 2024)
Oxygen minimum zones in the open ocean are predicted to significantly increase in volume over the coming decades as a result of anthropogenic climatic warming. The resulting reduction in dissolved oxygen (DO) in the pelagic realm is likely to have detrimental impacts on water-breathing organisms, particularly those with higher metabolic rates, such as billfish, tunas, and sharks. However, little is known about how free-living fish respond to low DO environments, and therefore, the effect increasing OMZs will have cannot be predicted reliably. Here, we compare the responses of two active predators (bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus and yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares ) to DO at depth throughout the eastern Pacific Ocean. Using time-series data from 267 tagged tunas (59,910 days) and 3D maps of modelled DO, we find that yellowfin tuna respond to low DO at depth by spending more time in shallower, more oxygenated waters. By contrast, bigeye tuna, which forage at deeper depths well below the thermocline, show fewer changes in their use of the water column. However, we find that bigeye tuna increased the frequency of brief upward vertical excursions they performed by four times when DO at depth was lower, but with no concomitant significant difference in temperature, suggesting that this behaviour is driven in part by the need to re-oxygenate following time spent in hypoxic waters. These findings suggest that increasing OMZs will impact the behaviour of these commercially important species, and it is therefore likely that other water-breathing predators with higher metabolic rates will face similar pressures. A more comprehensive understanding of the effect of shoaling OMZs on pelagic fish vertical habitat use, which may increase their vulnerability to surface fisheries, will be important to obtain if these effects are to be mitigated by future management actions.

Increasing Lung Cancer Screening for High-Risk Smokers in a Frontier Population - Mark Dignan; Kristin Cina; Michele Sargent; Margaret O’Connor; Romaine Tobacco; Linda Burhansstipanov; Sheikh Ahamed; David White; Daniel Petereit (Journal of Cancer Education, 2024)

Genetic diversity within late-summer run and half-pounder steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Rogue River, Oregon - David I. Dayan; Steve Mazur; Laura J. Green; Andrew J. Wells; Marc A. Johnson; Daniel J. Van Dyke; Peter A. Samarin; Ryan D. Battleson; Kathleen G. O’Malley (Conservation Genetics, 2024)

Site matters - Canopy conductance regulation in mature temperate trees diverges at two sites with contrasting soil water availability - David N. Steger; Richard L. Peters; Theresa Blume; Alexander G. Hurley; Daniel Balanzategui; Daniel F. Balting; Ingo Heinrich (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2024)

Metrics and Considerations for Evaluating How Forest Treatments Alter Wildfire Behavior and Effects - Anthony G Vorster; Camille Stevens-Rumann; Nicholas Young; Brian Woodward; Christopher Tsz Hin Choi; Marin E Chambers; Antony S Cheng; Michael Caggiano; Courtney Schultz; Matthew Thompson; Michelle Greiner; Greg Aplet; et al. (Journal of Forestry, 2024)
The influence of forest treatments on wildfire effects is challenging to interpret. This is, in part, because the impact forest treatments have on wildfire can be slight and variable across many factors. Effectiveness of a treatment also depends on the metric considered. We present and define human–fire interaction, fire behavior, and ecological metrics of forest treatment effects on wildfire and discuss important considerations and recommendations for evaluating treatments. We demonstrate these concepts using a case study from the Cameron Peak Fire in Colorado, USA. Pre-fire forest treatments generally, but not always, experienced reduced burn severity, particularly when surface fuels were reduced. Treatments in the Cameron Peak Fire have also been documented as increasing tree survivorship, aiding suppression efforts, promoting firefighter safety, and influencing fire spread. However, the impacts of pre-fire management on primary landscape-scale objectives, like watershed protection, are unknown. Discussions about the influence of pre-fire treatments on fire effects must define the indicator(s) being assessed, as the same treatment may be considered successful under one measure but not others. Thus, it is critical to bring a common language and understanding to conversations about treatment effects and advance efforts to evaluate the range of treatment effects, thus supporting treatment planning.

Crustal structure of the Western Azuero Peninsula, Panama: Insights into the structure of accretionary complexes and forearc ophiolites - Carolina Ortiz-Guerrero; Camilo Montes; David W. Farris; Catalina Agudelo; Margarita Ariza Acero; Juliana Ayala; Jose David Avellaneda; Alejandro Cortes-Calderon; Esteban Gaitan; Sebastian Garzon; Daniel Gongora-Blanco; Nubia Andrea Jara; et al. (International Geology Review, 2024)

Valuation of urban nature-based solutions in Latin American and European cities - Tom Wild; Mariana Baptista; Jost Wilker; Juan Miguel Kanai; Mariana Giusti; Hayley Henderson; Demián Rotbart; Juan-David Amaya Espinel; Jaime Hernández-Garcia; Otto Thomasz; Daniel Kozak (Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2024)

Advancing PFAS characterization: Enhancing the total oxidizable precursor assay with improved sample processing and UV activation - David Patch; Natalia O'Connor; Taylor Vereecken; Daniel Murphy; Gabriel Munoz; Ian Ross; Caitlin Glover; Jennifer Scott; Iris Koch; Sébastien Sauvé; Jinxia Liu; Kela Weber (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Identification of microplastics extracted from field soils amended with municipal biosolids - Maohui Chen; Brian Coleman; Liliana Gaburici; Daniel Prezgot; Zygmunt J. Jakubek; Branaavan Sivarajah; Jesse C. Vermaire; David R. Lapen; Jessica R. Velicogna; Juliska I. Princz; Jennifer F. Provencher; Shan Zou (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Target and suspect per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in fish from an AFFF-impacted waterway - Elena Nilsen; Derek Muensterman; Lya Carini; Ian Waite; Sean Payne; Jennifer A. Field; Jennifer Peterson; Daniel Hafley; David Farrer; Gerrad D. Jones (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Retrospective evaluation of the eye irritation potential of agrochemical formulations - Neepa Choksi; Andreia Latorre; Shadia Catalano; Arthur Grivel; James Baldassari; Janaina Pires; Marco Corvaro; Mariana Silva; Maryanne Ogasawara; Monique Inforzato; Priscila Habe; Rosana Murata; et al. (Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2024)

Comparative study of seismic spectra of great magnitude occurred in Chile between 2012 to 2022 and the design spectra of seismic standard NCH433 - David Dominguez-Santos; Daniel Valderrama; Ahmet Utku Yazgan (Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 2024)

Health implications of urban tree canopy policy scenarios in Denver and Phoenix: A quantitative health impact assessment - Daniel Dean; Michael D. Garber; G. Brooke Anderson; David Rojas-Rueda (Environmental Research, 2024)

HydroShare retrospective: Science and technology advances of a comprehensive data and model publication environment for the water science domain - David G. Tarboton; Daniel P. Ames; Jeffery S. Horsburgh; Jonathan L. Goodall; Alva Couch; Richard Hooper; Jerad Bales; Shaowen Wang; Anthony Castronova; Martin Seul; Ray Idaszak; Zhiyu Li; et al. (Environmental Modelling & Software, 2024)

High-altitude characterization of the Hunga pressure wave with cosmic rays by the HAWC observatory - Ruben Alfaro; César Alvarez; Juan Carlos Arteaga-Velázquez; Arun Babu Kollamparambil Paul; Daniel Avila Rojas; Hugo Alberto Ayala Solares; Rishi Babu; Ernesto Belmont-Moreno; Chad Brisbois; Karen S. Caballero-Mora; Tomás Capistrán; Alberto Carramiñana; et al. (Advances in Space Research, 2024)

What factors influence the rediscovery of lost tetrapod species? - Tim Lindken; Christopher V. Anderson; Daniel Ariano‐Sánchez; Goni Barki; Christina Biggs; Philip Bowles; Ramamoorthi Chaitanya; Drew T. Cronin; Sonja C. Jähnig; Jonathan M. Jeschke; Rosalind J. Kennerley; Thomas E. Lacher; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
We created a database of lost and rediscovered tetrapod species, identified patterns in their distribution and factors influencing rediscovery. Tetrapod species are being lost at a faster rate than they are being rediscovered, due to slowing rates of rediscovery for amphibians, birds and mammals, and rapid rates of loss for reptiles. Finding lost species and preventing future losses should therefore be a conservation priority. By comparing the taxonomic and spatial distribution of lost and rediscovered tetrapod species, we have identified regions and taxa with many lost species in comparison to those that have been rediscovered—our results may help to prioritise search effort to find them. By identifying factors that influence rediscovery, we have improved our ability to broadly distinguish the types of species that are likely to be found from those that are not (because they are likely to be extinct). Some lost species, particularly those that are small and perceived to be uncharismatic, may have been neglected in terms of conservation effort, and other lost species may be hard to find due to their intrinsic characteristics and the characteristics of the environments they occupy (e.g. nocturnal species, fossorial species and species occupying habitats that are more difficult to survey such as wetlands). These lost species may genuinely await rediscovery. However, other lost species that possess characteristics associated with rediscovery (e.g. large species) and that are also associated with factors that negatively influence rediscovery (e.g. those occupying small islands) are more likely to be extinct. Our results may foster pragmatic search protocols that prioritise lost species likely to still exist.

Constraining long‐term model predictions for woody growth using tropical tree rings - Xiangtao Xu; Peter van der Sleen; Peter Groenendijk; Mart Vlam; David Medvigy; Paul Moorcroft; Daniel Petticord; Yixin Ma; Pieter A. Zuidema (Global Change Biology, 2024)
The strength and persistence of the tropical carbon sink hinges on the long‐term responses of woody growth to climatic variations and increasing CO 2 . However, the sensitivity of tropical woody growth to these environmental changes is poorly understood, leading to large uncertainties in growth predictions. Here, we used tree ring records from a Southeast Asian tropical forest to constrain ED2.2‐hydro, a terrestrial biosphere model with explicit vegetation demography. Specifically, we assessed individual‐level woody growth responses to historical climate variability and increases in atmospheric CO 2 (C a ). When forced with historical C a , ED2.2‐hydro reproduced the magnitude of increases in intercellular CO 2 concentration (a major determinant of photosynthesis) estimated from tree ring carbon isotope records. In contrast, simulated growth trends were considerably larger than those obtained from tree rings, suggesting that woody biomass production efficiency (WBPE = woody biomass production:gross primary productivity) was overestimated by the model. The estimated WBPE decline under increasing C a based on model‐data discrepancy was comparable to or stronger than (depending on tree species and size) the observed WBPE changes from a multi‐year mature‐forest CO 2 fertilization experiment. In addition, we found that ED2.2‐hydro generally overestimated climatic sensitivity of woody growth, especially for late‐successional plant functional types. The model‐data discrepancy in growth sensitivity to climate was likely caused by underestimating WBPE in hot and dry years due to commonly used model assumptions on carbon use efficiency and allocation. To our knowledge, this is the first study to constrain model predictions of individual tree‐level growth sensitivity to C a and climate against tropical tree‐ring data. Our results suggest that improving model processes related to WBPE is crucial to obtain better predictions of tropical forest responses to droughts and increasing C a . More accurate parameterization of WBPE will likely reduce the stimulation of woody growth by C a rise predicted by biosphere models.

A genomic test of subspecies in the Eunota togata species group (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae): Morphology masks evolutionary relationships and taxonomy - Robert A. Laroche; Daniel P. Duran; Cin-Ty A. Lee; William Godwin; Stephen J. Roman; David P. Herrmann; Scott P. Egan (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2023)

Paleoenvironmental inferences on the Late Miocene hominoid-bearing site of Can Llobateres (NE Iberian Peninsula): An ecometric approach based on functional dental traits - Sara G. Arranz; Isaac Casanovas-Vilar; Indrė Žliobaitė; Juan Abella; Chiara Angelone; Beatriz Azanza; Raymond Bernor; Omar Cirilli; Daniel DeMiguel; Marc Furió; Luca Pandolfi; Josep M. Robles; et al. (Journal of Human Evolution, 2023)

Life cycle assessment of a decoupled biofloc aquaponics facility across seasons - Rohit Kalvakaalva; Mollie Smith; Stephen A. Prior; G. Brett Runion; Emmanuel Ayipio; Caroline Blanchard; Daniel Wells; David Blersch; Sushil Adhikari; Rishi Prasad; Terril R. Hanson; Brendan T. Higgins (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2023)

Invasive plant management in eastern North American Forests: A systematic review - Lauren S. Pile Knapp; David R. Coyle; Daniel C. Dey; Jacob S. Fraser; Todd Hutchinson; Michael A. Jenkins; Christel C. Kern; Benjamin O. Knapp; Dacoda Maddox; Cornelia Pinchot; G. Geoff Wang (Forest Ecology and Management, 2023)

Deep-sea macrofauna community recovery in Kaikōura canyon following an earthquake-triggered turbidity flow - Katharine T. Bigham; Ashley A. Rowden; Daniel Leduc; David A. Bowden; Scott D. Nodder; Alan R. Orpin; Jane Halliday (Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2023)