Maize landraces under water deficit favor diverse rhizosphere communities associated with improved stress response - Giulia Castorina; Alessia Follador; Martina Ghidoli; Patrizia Zaccheo; Laura Crippa; Fulvia Tambone; Alessandro Passera; Carlotta Balconi; Gabriella Consonni; Paola Casati (Rhizosphere, 2025)

Temporal and spatial distribution patterns of beach litter on a Mediterranean coastal dune: A case study from Sardinia, Italy - Giulia Calderisi; Donatella Cogoni; Giuseppe Fenu (Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2025)

Effects of anthropogenic noise at population, community, habitat and ecosystem level: A global review - La Manna Gabriella; Pansini Arianna; Morello Giuseppe; Crobu Alessia; Sarà Gianluca; Ceccherelli Giulia (Next Research, 2025)

Biomarkers of total selenium and selenium species in paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples - Teresa Urbano; Tommaso Filippini; Barbara R. Cardoso; Lauren A. Wise; Giovanna Zamboni; Annalisa Chiari; Giulia Vinceti; Manuela Tondelli; Alessandro Marti; Marcella Malavolti; Marco Vinceti; Bernhard Michalke (Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 2025)

Revisiting the Youngest Toba Tuff Super-Eruption: A high-resolution cryptotephra perspective from the Andaman Sea - Giulia Del Manzo; Benoît Caron; Benoît Villemant; Anne Le Friant; Ana Alves; Annachiara Bartolini; Franck Bassinot; Eva Moreno; François Baudin (Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2025)

The effects of rising temperatures on flood quantiles in the Italian Alps can be amplified by different catchment morphologies - Giulia Evangelista; Irene Monforte; Pierluigi Claps (Journal of Hydrology, 2025)

Spatio-temporal variability of isotopic and chemical tracers in high-elevation water sources, Eastern European Alps - Matteo Delpero; Stefano Brighenti; Francesca Bearzot; Giulia Bertolotti; Monica Tolotti; Maria Cristina Bruno; Andrea Fischer; Gerfried Winkler; Werner Tirler; Leonardo Cerasino; Francesco Comiti (Journal of Hydrology, 2025)

The effect of territorial servitization on air quality: Empirical analysis of PM2.5 concentration in Italian municipalities - Giulia Palma; Francesco Scotti (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2025)

Particle-scale characterization of fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration using single crystal X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy - Nadia Curetti; Davide Bernasconi; Giulia Pia Servetto; Ruggero Vigliaturo; Mario Tribaudino; Alessandro Pavese (Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2025)

Volatile profile analysis of pasta using HS-SPME/GC–MS and chemometric modelling for process and quality marker identification - Vanessa Giannetti; Giulia Toscani; Mattia Rapa; Maurizio Boccacci Mariani; Federico Marini (Food Research International, 2025)

Commercial milk kefir exerts immunomodulatory TLR-mediated responses on in vitro models of the human intestinal epithelium - Silvia Moriano-Gutierrez; Elena Rengel Gómez; Giulia Menzio; Beatriz de la Fuente Miguel; José V. Gimeno-Alcañiz; María José Gosalbes; Nuria Jiménez-Hernández; Marta Arroyo (Food Research International, 2025)

Impact of thermal culinary processing and gastrointestinal digestion on the stability, count, and biological effects of broccoli-derived extracellular vesicles - Carmen Mazarío-Gárgoles; Andrea del Saz-Lara; João Tomé-Carneiro; Rubén Martel; Laura Ballesteros; Emma Burgos-Ramos; Olivier Briand; José Luis López-Aceituno; Giulia Bernabè; María Ángeles Ávila-Gálvez; Liliana Bautista; Juan Carlos Espín; et al. (Food Research International, 2025)

Are consumers willing to pay more for sustainable wine? A pre-registered systematic review and meta-analysis - Giulia Gastaldello; Michael Bošnjak; Isabel Schäufele-Elbers; Guenter Schamel (Food Quality and Preference, 2025)

Integrated culture-based and molecular approach for the detection of three Arcobacter species in sushi and fresh vegetables - David Savelli; Giulia Baldelli; Claudia Gabucci; Giulia Amagliani; Giuditta Fiorella Schiavano; Federica Cavaliere; Andrea Marcelli; Sara Primavilla; Cinzia Lorenzetti; Stefania Di Lullo; Giuliana Blasi; Eleonora Scoccia; et al. (Food Microbiology, 2025)

Wave-induced incipient motion of non-buoyant plastic particles: Laboratory experiments - Giulia Bonanno; Giovanni Passalacqua; Claudio Iuppa; David R. Fuhrman; Carla Faraci (Coastal Engineering, 2025)

Personalized Environmental Control Systems (PECS): Systematic review of benefits for thermal comfort, air quality, health, and human performance - Dolaana Khovalyg; Mariya P. Bivolarova; Jun Shinoda; Douaa Al-Assaad; Marika Vellei; Karol Bandurski; Giorgia Chinazzo; Ongun B. Kazanci; Joyce Kim; Tobias Kramer; Aleksandra Lipczynska; Shichao Liu; et al. (Building and Environment, 2025)

First molecular detection Anaplasma phagocytophilum in sheep in Brazil - Giulia Ribeiro Meireles; Julia Somavilla Lignon; Paola Renata Joanol Dallmann; Diago Dutra Lima; Tamires Silva dos Santos; Thuanne Correa Brancão; Maiza Paixão Souza; Bruno Caetano Urtassum; Kauê Rodriguez Martins; Rodrigo Casquero Cunha; Fábio Raphael Pascoti Bruhn; Felipe Geraldo Pappen; et al. (Veterinary Research Communications, 2025)

Development of a machine learning tool for the enhancement of carbon footprint prediction for cattle milk production - Lorena Foschi; Diego Pennino; Giulia Gislon; Giampiero Grossi; Alberto Mantino; Marco Barbanera; Marco Marconi; Francesco Cesarini; Chiara Rossi; Andrea Vitali; Anna Sandrucci; Maddalena Zucali; et al. (The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2025)
Purpose The combination of machine learning (ML) and life cycle-based methodologies is a promising strategy to overcome some of the most relevant issues regarding carbon footprint (CF) calculation/prediction. This research presents an approach and a software tool to apply ML techniques with the aim of solving issues related to data availability in the life cycle inventory (LCI) and improving the accuracy of carbon footprint predictions. The final purpose is to streamline the CF calculation process in the dairy cattle farming sector. Methods The methodology used in this study consists of three steps: dataset creation, data optimization, and enhanced prediction. Initially, a dataset was compiled from primary sources and literature on LCA studies related to dairy cattle farming. This dataset contained missing data that could affect prediction accuracy. ML techniques were then applied to improve the quality of the data. A ML tool implementing 11 different regression algorithms was developed. This user-friendly tool, easily accessible also to non-ML experts, automatically optimizes data quality by determining the most appropriate algorithm for predicting missing values on a case-by-case basis. In the final step, the same tool was used on the optimized dataset to identify and use the best model for accurate CO 2 -eq emissions prediction. Results and discussion An initial assessment was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of a ML model. The results of the test demonstrated that the Gaussian kernel regression model exhibited the highest performance among the available models, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 18.87%. This value will be used as a threshold for the assessment of the efficacy of the described approach. The tool was then employed to optimize the dataset by predicting missing values. Lastly, the tool was utilized to predict CO 2 -eq emissions once more, but this time using the optimized dataset for training. As with the previous test, the Gaussian model exhibited the highest performance, but this time with a RMSE of 14.65%. The RMSE was 4% lower, thereby reflecting an increased accuracy in the prediction. Conclusions The results demonstrate that the presented ML-based approach and tool are effective in predicting lacking inventory data, as well as in improving the accuracy and reliability of CO 2 -eq emissions prediction in life cycle-based studies. The developed tool makes ML more accessible to non-expert users and facilitates usability. This integration of ML and life cycle-based methodologies shows promising avenues for more accurate and efficient environmental impact assessments in agriculture.

Analysing a botanical code: structure and augural value of nature in the corinthian and related capitals coming from the area of ancient Rome - Alessandro Lazzara; Zohreh Hosseini; Alma Kumbaric; Chiara Giobbe; Giulia Caneva (Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali, 2025)
Several scholars and ancient sources highlight the communicative functions of images in the ancient Roman architecture, including plant-based motifs. Among them, Corinthian capitals, usually considered overall a stylistic character, are associated mostly with the Acanthus leaves. Indeed, further neglected plants still need a more precise identification. This paper aims to carry out a systematic analysis of their botanical composition and of the potential encoded symbolic messages. Through an analysis of 83 Roman capitals, overall Corinthian (52), Corinthianising (23), and Composite (8), dated between the II century BCE to the IV century CE from the territory of Rome, we recognised 40 different plant motifs (35 of them identified), resulting in 29 families, 30 genera and 27 species. Their bottom level is characterised by few variations of botanical species, where the recurrence of Acanthu s, representing the idea of Rebirth, is the primary key to the style. The presence of emerging spikelets of Triticum sp., previously unmentioned, seems to have a recurrent and highly relevant augural role of fertility. We cannot neglect some zoomorphic associations, such as the Acanthus leaves that, at distance, show the apotropaic effect of lions’ mouths. The middle level shows the main variability of species, often hosting the presence of Asplenium scolopendrium , having an augural value. The re-flowering flowers motif, with flowers that metamorphose into other plants, recurs in Corinthianising and Composite typologies, suggesting a never-ending life. The apical level, through the abacus plants and snakes, primarily conveys the ideas of strength, light, and salvation. Graphic abstract

Diagnostic Potential of a Recombinant Candida albicans Hyr1 Protein - Marta Bregón-Villahoz; Ander Díez; Jon Galech; Maria-Soledad Cuétara; Giulia Carrano; Maria-Dolores Moragues; Iñigo Fernandez-de-Larrinoa; Inés Arrieta-Aguirre (Mycopathologia, 2025)
Invasive candidiasis (IC) is a life-threatening fungal infection caused by Candida species. Current diagnostic methods are based on blood culture of the fungus, a technique with limited sensitivity and slow turnaround times. To address these limitations, novel diagnostic strategies are under investigation. This study evaluates the diagnostic potential of the Candida albicans germ tube protein Hyr1 and a subterminal Hyr1 fragment (D22b), both produced in an eukaryotic expression system, for the diagnosis of IC; for that purpose, recombinant Hyr1 and D22b were expressed in Pichia pastoris and tested by ELISA using sera from 176 patients at risk of invasive fungal infections. The diagnostic performance of these antigens was determined and compared with other biomarkers (CAGTA and β-D-glucan). Interestingly, the recombinant proteins exhibited higher apparent molecular weights than predicted, suggesting the presence of post-translational modifications. Serological detection of antibodies against the recombinant Hyr1 and D22b fragment successfully distinguished patients with IC caused by the most commonly isolated Candida species, achieving sensitivities greater than 70% and specificities above 80%. These findings highlight the potential of the serological detection of antibodies to Hyr1 and D22b as a promising diagnostic approach that overcomes the drawbacks of CAGTA detection and could serve as a valuable complement to blood culture, supporting earlier diagnosis and guiding timely treatment decisions in IC. Furthermore, comparing results obtained with antigens produced in eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems, results suggest that accurate protein folding and post-translational processing influence the success of the diagnostic technique.

Beyond the BRCA1/2 genes in ovarian cancer: the role of germline pathogenic variants in the ATM gene - Daniele Guadagnolo; Angelo Minucci; Antonella Chiavassa; Gabriella Gentile; Francesca Salvatori; Nader Khaleghi Hashemian; Giulia Maneri; Maria Piane; Simona Grotta; Paola Grammatico; Antonio Pizzuti; Daniele Santini; et al. (Molecular Biology Reports, 2025)
Background Ovarian Cancer (OC) prevention and early-stage detection represents a challenge due to the lack of effective surveillance. The identification of high-risk women is crucial as it provides access to prophylactic oophorectomy and reduces disease burden. Next-Generation Sequencing approaches enable the investigation of several genes associated with monogenic hereditary cancer predisposition, including ovarian cancer. For family members of patients affected by ovarian cancer without identification of a germline pathogenic variant, despite the increased empirical risk (3 times) of ovarian cancer incidence, prophylactic surgery is not indicated but may be suggested as the only efficient strategy. Methods and Results We hereby present 2 cases of OC in which a germline heterozygous pathogenic variant in the ATM gene was identified: the first in the contest of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) family history and, in the other one, a late onset of neoplasms, to underline the importance of defining guidelines and management of moderate penetrance genes variants also for ovarian cancer prevention. Conclusions Carriers of heterozygous pathogenic variants in the ATM gene have an increased risk of neoplasms incidence, mostly breast but also of OC with an absolute estimated risk of 2–3 times greater than the general population. For these patients there is not well-established evidence of benefit in risk reducing bilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy.

VEGF and the VEGF73-101 Fragment Prevent MPP+ Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a Cell Model of Parkinson’s Disease - Stefania Zimbone; Giuseppe Battiato; Stefano Conti Nibali; Irina Naletova; Noemi Anna Pesce; Vito De Pinto; Angela Messina; Andrea Magrì; Marianna Flora Tomasello; Giulia Grasso (Molecular Neurobiology, 2025)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is best known for its role in angiogenesis, but emerging evidence suggests neurotrophic and neuroprotective functions most likely connected to energy homeostasis pathways. Using high-resolution respirometry, we investigated the role of VEGF in optimizing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation efficiency in neuronal-like cells. Our findings indicate that VEGF enhances coupling efficiency for ATP synthesis by reducing the uncoupled respiration, a process involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration, as observed in Parkinson’s disease (PD). To investigate the VEGF relevance in PD, we exposed differentiated SH-SY5Y cells to MPP + , a toxin inducing a PD-like phenotype. Both VEGF and a mimic peptide (VEGF 73-101 ) reduced MPP + -induced uncoupled respiration, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) collapse, and cell death. These effects were associated with Erk signaling activation, upregulation of PGC-1α genes expression and increased mitochondrial DNA. Our study underscores VEGF’s multifaceted role in neuronal resilience beyond angiogenesis. Furthermore, these findings suggest that the VEGF 73-101 fragment may retain key neuroprotective and neurotrophic properties supporting further exploration of its therapeutic potential.

Oleuropein Aglycone, an Olive Polyphenol, Influences Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation and Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in Different Parkinson’s Disease Models - Milo J. Basellini; José M. Granadino-Roldán; Pablo V. Torres-Ortega; Giulia Simmini; Jaime Rubio-Martinez; Silvia Marin; Graziella Cappelletti; Marta Cascante; Ana Cañuelo (Molecular Neurobiology, 2025)
Α-synuclein aggregation is the pathological feature of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease. The aggregates can diffuse within brain areas, and their toxicity has been proven in both cellular and animal models. Given that, recent therapeutic strategies have been focusing on the identification of compounds able to promote the degradation of aggregates or, at least, to prevent the aggregation process. In this field, the use of natural-derived polyphenols has been proposed as a potential tool against α-synuclein pathology. On these bases, we tested the neuroprotective potential of oleuropein aglycone, an olive polyphenol, in two cellular and C. elegans –based models of Parkinson’s disease. The compound was effective in reducing the burden of early-aggregates pathology upon α-synuclein overexpression in neuroblastoma cells, as well as neutralizing both the extent and the toxicity of administered preformed fibrils. In addition, oleuropein aglycone administration was beneficial for healthspan and lifespan in animals overexpressing α-synuclein, improved motor defects, recovered dopaminergic neuronal loss, and reduced the extent of α-synuclein pathology. Finally, through molecular modelling simulations, we propose a model for the α-synuclein and oleuropein aglycone interaction, predicting a dynamic that involves early α-synuclein oligomers. Overall, our results support the neuroprotective potential of oleuropein aglycone against α-synuclein aggregation and toxicity and shed light into the molecular features of these mechanisms, suggesting that further studies should be performed to gain insight about the neuroprotective actions of this polyphenol in humans.

The OX40-OX40L Co-stimulatory pathway in dermatology: emerging frontiers for therapeutic approaches - Giulia Jardim Criado; Roberto Bueno-Filho; Maria Eduarda Trocoli Zanetti; Luisa Karla Arruda; Paulo Ricardo Criado (Inflammation Research, 2025)

Prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter PM2.5 and small for gestational age: a Bayesian model for area-based data in Milan - Simone Colombara; Rossella Murtas; Sara Tunesi; Alessandra Guglielmi; Antonio Giampiero Russo; Paola Angelini; Serena Broccoli; Marco Monti; Nicola Caranci; Katia Raffaelli; Daniela Fortuna; Paolo Giorgi Rossi; et al. (Environmental and Ecological Statistics, 2025)

Species identity and composition affect the productivity of stony corals - Jana Vetter; Jessica Reichert; André Dietzmann; Lisa Hahn; Anna E. Lang; Giulia Puntin; Maren Ziegler (Coral Reefs, 2025)
Coral biodiversity can enhance community productivity; however, the direct effects of inter- and intraspecific neighbouring coral colonies on productivity remain poorly understood due to the complex interplay of biotic and abiotic factors. Here, we set up a fully controlled incubation experiment, where we quantified the effects of species identity and composition on the photosynthesis, respiration, and calcification as proxies for productivity of nine stony coral species from three families. Baseline productivity varied strongly between species. Several corals responded to neighbouring colonies without direct contact, suggesting that they may detect nearby individuals and potentially adjust their physiological activity. Regardless of whether species increased or decreased productivity, the responses were consistently more pronounced and positive towards conspecific than heterospecific neighbours, indicating potential kin selection effects between members of the same species. Notably, species with lower productivity in monoculture tended to exceed expectations in polyculture, while species that were highly productive in monoculture often underperformed in multispecies assemblages. Our results highlight that contact-free interactions in marine animals may shape biodiversity-productivity effects otherwise known from plant communities. Therefore, neighbour-specific interactions should be considered when designing coral reef restoration approaches, as they may influence the success of different species and assemblages.

How stomatal, mesophyll, and biochemical limitations co-limit photosynthesis: A bilevel optimization model - Rui Zhu; Tiesong Hu; Giulia Vico; Lu Zhang; Rangjian Qiu; Yingping Wang; Yong Li; Yong Liu (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2025)

Bioactive metabolites of Lactobacillus plantarum SB8 mitigate deltamethrin-induced oxidative stress and immune dysregulation in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) - Wagdy K. B. Khalil; Marwa I. Abdel–Tawab; Valeria Guerretti; Mohamed H. Nasraa; Samah M. Bassem; Tarek A. Temraz; Hesham A. El Enshasy; Rubina Vangone; Giulia Guerriero; Fagr Kh. Abdel-Gawad (Aquaculture International, 2025)

What Is the Population Structure of Poecilogonic Species? Evidence From Large‐Scale Genotyping in a Neogastropod Lineage (Conoidea: Raphitoma ) - Giacomo Chiappa; Giulia Fassio; Maria Vittoria Modica; Nicolas Puillandre; Marco Oliverio (Molecular Ecology, 2025)
Dispersal of marine benthic invertebrates is typically dependent on the developmental mode of their pelagic larvae, which can be prolonged and based on plankton feeding (planktotrophic), or short and rely on the nutrients from the egg (non‐planktotrophic). The uncommon poecilogonic species can commit to both developmental modes, with remarkable implications for their population genetics, not yet fully investigated. In this study, we obtained reduced‐representation genome‐wide SNP data for three species of the neogastropod genus Raphitoma Bellardi, 1847 from the Mediterranean, including the putatively poecilogonic species Raphitoma philberti (Michaud, 1829) and R. laviae (R. A. Philippi, 1844). A total of 80 samples were sequenced to test the poecilogony and analyse the population genetics of R. laviae . Although a certain degree of segregation was highlighted between the planktotrophic and non‐planktotrophic samples in both species, they were ultimately found within conspecific bounds, confirming poecilogony. A set of loci that split samples with different development was identified, suggesting that a genetic component may be involved in poecilogony in both species. The population genetics of R. laviae fit patterns of both long‐ and short‐dispersal species: in Corsica, with only planktotrophic developers, no geographic structure was detected, whereas in Croatia, with only non‐planktotrophic developers, the geographic structure was present among localities 15–40 km apart. Notably, the species delimitation based on genome‐wide SNP data was contrasting with the one assessed in past studies, reiterating that a solid taxonomy (still not achieved) is paramount to correctly interpret the evolution of larval development in this group.

Tephrochronology of the NDT09 core in the Marsili basin: implications for the timing and dynamics of volcanic eruptions of the southern Tyrrhenian in the last c. 15 ka - Alessio Di Roberto; Giuseppe Re; Donatella Domenica Insinga; Bianca Scateni; Chiara Caricchi; Gaia Siravo; Maurizio Petrelli; Giulia Fisauli; Antonio Cascella; Laura Bronzo; Fabrizio Lirer; Patrizia Macrì (Bulletin of Volcanology, 2025)
We report a detailed tephrostratigraphic characterization of the 5.7 m long NDT09 marine sediment sequence retrieved from the Marsili Basin in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea. Glass composition was determined through a combination of electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), while textural analyses of tephra particles were conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This integrated approach led to the identification of 20 tephra and cryptotephra layers, characterized by a composition ranging from phonotephrite-tephriphonolite-fonolite-trachyte to rhyolite. The age of the tephra layers was estimated through radiocarbon dating ( 14 C AMS) on foraminifera and paleomagnetic analyses, and an integrated age-depth model was developed. The integration of textural, chemical, and age constraints revealed a broad record of eruptions, sourced by different volcanoes surrounding the southern Tyrrhenian Sea, including Campi Flegrei, Somma-Vesuvius, Aeolian Islands, and Ischia. In particular, we identified the following eruptions for Campi Flegrei: Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT), La Pigna 1, Soccavo 1, Pomici Principali, Fondi di Baia, and at least three undetermined eruptions. For the Somma-Vesuvius volcano, we recognized eruptions of Mercato, AP3, and 512 A.D.. For the Aeolian Islands, we recognized the activity of Vallone del Gabellotto of Lipari and an eruption within the Upper Brown Tuff phase of Vulcano. Lastly, we identified tephra from Cannavale and Arso eruptions sourced by Ischia. In addition, these results revealed important new insight into the eruptive history of individual volcanoes. First of all, three tephra layers attributed to Campi Flegrei eruptions have been identified within the chronostratigraphic interval between the NYT and La Pigna 1 eruptions. The lowermost layer, dated to c. 14.9 ka, displays a composition consistent with the NYT, while the other two do not correlate with any previously known tephrostratigraphic markers. Moreover, we confirmed that intense explosive activity at Lipari began around 13,000 years BP, culminating in the Vallone del Gabellotto activity—possibly characterized not by a single eruption, but by a series of closely spaced explosive events. Finally, southwestward dispersal of tephra from the 512 A.D. eruption of Vesuvius was documented, along with the identification of a previously unrecognized historical eruption in the Aeolian Islands, marked by a rhyolitic composition. Overall, this work provides a detailed reconstruction of the volcanic activity in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea over the past 15,000 years. These results enabled the identification of several eruptions, the refinement of age constraints, and the recognition of new and intriguing insights into deciphering the volcanic history of peri-Tyrrhenian volcanoes.

Robust statistical analysis of an englacial tephra sequence unveils previously unrecognized explosive eruptions at Mount Melbourne (Antarctica) - Giulia Fisauli; Paola Del Carlo; Alessio Di Roberto; Giuseppe Re; Alessandro Musu; Gaetano Giudice; Maurizio Petrelli (Bulletin of Volcanology, 2025)
Reconstructing the eruptive history of Antarctic volcanoes is often challenging due to limited outcrops exposure, extensive ice cover, and extreme environmental conditions. Here, we present detailed volcanological, textural, and geochemical analyses of three tephra layers (DPT 1, DPT 2, and DPT 3) from an englacial ice sequence at 2581 m asl on the southwest flank of Mount Melbourne, northern Victoria Land (Antarctica). Using robust statistical methods, including cluster analysis and data visualization approaches based on dimensionality reduction [i.e., principal component analysis (PCA) and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE)], we identified a previously unrecognized sequence of explosive eruptions. Our findings underscore the crucial role of ice in preserving volcanic records and highlight the potential of tephra investigations to enhance our understanding of magma evolution and volcanic hazard in remote environments. The geochemical characterization, including major and trace element analyses, confirmed that the tephra layers originated from Mount Melbourne but represent three distinct eruptive events not previously documented. The DPT 1 layer is interpreted as a fallout deposit from a more intense eruption (possibly Subplinian), while DPT 2 and DPT 3 layers were produced by less energetic events occurring in close succession. Although precise dating was not possible, the stratigraphic context suggests a recent, potentially historical age for these eruptions. This study refines the eruptive history of Mount Melbourne and emphasizes the importance of englacial tephra records for understanding Antarctic volcanism.

Multimodal Underwater Sensing of Octocoral Populations and Anthropogenic Impacts in a Conservation-Priority Area (NE Aegean Sea, Greece) - Maria Sini; Jennifer C. A. Pistevos; Angeliki Bosmali; Artemis Manoliou; Athanasios Nikolaou; Giulia Pitarra; Ivan T. Petsimeris; Olympos Andreadis; Thomas Hasiotis; Antonios D. Mazaris; Stelios Katsanevakis (Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2025)
Coralligenous assemblages are among the most diverse habitats of the Mediterranean Sea, yet those of the north-eastern basin remain understudied despite their vulnerability to human impacts and climate change. We applied a multimodal underwater sensing approach to map coralligenous formations, assess gorgonian populations and evaluate the effects of marine litter in a conservation-priority area (NE Aegean Sea, Greece). Side-scan sonar enabled seafloor mapping and guided targeted Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) surveys. ROV-based distance sampling and imagery provided quantitative data on Eunicella cavolini and Paramuricea clavata, including density, size structure, and injuries, alongside systematic documentation of marine litter. Gorgonians formed monospecific ecological facies, segregated by location—P. clavata occurred deeper than E. cavolini. Densities were low (E. cavolini: 0.35 colonies m−2, P. clavata: 1.46 colonies m−2) and small colonies (

Importance of the timing of combined electrochemotherapy and immunotherapy in the treatment of advanced melanoma - Erika Gabriella Kis; Matteo Brizio; Giuseppe Riva; Barbara Peric; Joy Odili; Matteo Mascherini; Francesco Russano; Giulia Giorgione; Paolo Matteucci; Siva Kumar; Francesca Tauceri; Hadrian Nassabi; et al. (Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 2025)

Fatty acid-based dietary supplements: focus on coding - Giulia Zerilli; Paolo Gabrielli; Massimo Lucarini; Alessandra Durazzo; Alessandra Gentili (Natural Product Research, 2025)

Arctic sea-ice ridges: a major contributor to algal habitable space in spring - Giulia Castellani; Mats A. Granskog; Aleksandra Elias Chereque; Anthony Chun Yin Chan; Iael Perez; Hauke Flores; Christian Katlein; Ilka Peeken (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2025)
Arctic sea ice is highly heterogeneous and composed of a mosaic of different habitats. Our understanding of the impact of climate change on Arctic sea ice and especially on the ice-associated ecosystems is hindered by both a lack of data and a limited understanding of the processes associated with different sea-ice habitats. In particular sea-ice ridges are one of the most under-sampled and poorly understood components of the Arctic sea-ice system. During a spring campaign in the Arctic Ocean, we combined a number of sampling approaches to quantify: 1) the spatial variability of sea-ice algae at single floe and multiple floe scales; 2) the contribution of ridges to ice algal spatial variability; and 3) the role of ridges in shaping the sea ice as a habitat. For upscaling purposes, algal biomass retrieved from ice cores was compared with biomass estimates based on under-ice profiles covering a total of 36 km. Our results show that the level-ice spatial variability measured on a single ice floe can be representative of the larger scale variability. However, only when ridges are included in the analysis we are able to obtain a comprehensive picture of the large-scale ice algal biomass variability. In spring, ridges let more light pass through the ice due to their geometry and their effects on snow distribution, they thus offer a potentially favorable environment for algae to grow within, and they can act as funnels of light for pelagic organisms. On a large scale, ridges contribute more than 50% percent of the potential habitable space for ice algae for snow-covered Arctic sea ice in spring.

The impact of the symbiont genotype on the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on grapevine growth and physiology - Luca Giovannini; Chiara Pagliarani; Amedeo Moine; Giulia Giannetti; Angela Carra; Luca Nerva; Walter Chitarra; Giorgio Gambino; Cristiana Sbrana; Raffaella Balestrini (Plant Biosystems, 2025)

Applying a regional certification scheme for aquatic invasive species fishery: The case of blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) in the northern Adriatic Sea - Sara Bonanomi; Simone Libralato; Loretta Malvarosa; Karolina Maria Czechowska; Giulia Sandalli; Alessia Cariani; Alice Ferrari; Ernesto Azzurro; Giuseppe Scarcella (Marine Policy, 2025)

Fully explicit numerical scheme for linearized wave propagation in nearly-incompressible soft hyperelastic solids - Giulia Merlini; Jean-Marc Allain; Sébastien Imperiale (Wave Motion, 2025)

Dexmedetomidine and alfaxalone intravenous co-administration for the induction of general anaesthesia in bitches undergoing C-section: impact on newborn viability and pharmacokinetics - Federica Di Cesare; Federica Alessandra Brioschi; Giuliano Ravasio; Debora Groppetti; Martina Amari; Elisa Giussani; Susanna Draghi; Giulia Sala; Alessandro Pecile; Petra Cagnardi (Theriogenology, 2025)

The power of soil amendments to restore degraded grassland soil: A combined approach using physical indicators and X-ray computed tomography - Emanuela Lepore; Giulia Bondi; Owen Fenton; Olaf Schmidt; Saoirse Tracy; David P. Wall (Soil and Tillage Research, 2025)

Metabolic and microbial responses of Ceratitis capitata to essential oil-based nano-emulsions: Implications for pest management - Antonino Modafferi; Alberto Urbaneja; Cristina M. Aure; Giulia Giunti; Isabel Martinez-Sañudo; Annamaria Ienco; Orlando Campolo; Vincenzo Palmeri; Meritxell Perez-Hedo (Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 2025)

Diamond – garnet elastic geobarometry applied to an eclogitic system - Marta Morana; Lorenzo Barni; Haixing Fang; Giulia Marras; Gianfelice Cinque; Antonio Angellotti; Fabrizio Nestola; Alla Logvinova; Denis Mikhailenko; Luca Bindi; Vincenzo Stagno (Lithos, 2025)

Asynchronous postfire recovery dynamics between epilithic lichens and vascular plants in Mediterranean ecosystems - Paolo Giordani; Giulia Calderisi; Donatella Cogoni; Giuseppe Fenu (Journal of Environmental Management, 2025)

Nitrogen supplementation during wine fermentation, cooling rate and SO₂ addition timing influence yeast viability and acetaldehyde production in the post-fermentation process - Jacopo Sica; Giulia Crosato; Veronica Vendramin; Simone Vincenzi; Cristina Sartori; Milena Carlot; Chiara Nadai; Alessio Giacomini; Viviana Corich (International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2025)

Enabling biological nitrogen fixation in agriculture: An eco-industrial perspective - Giulia Forghieri; Elena Ghedini; Federica Torrigino; Rita Di Martino; Fiorella Lucarini; Davide Staedler; Pierdomenico Biasi; Michela Signoretto (Food Bioscience, 2025)

A novel oleogel-in-oleogel system with tailorable digestibility through kinetic confinement of the oil - Tiago C. Pinto; Petri Lassila; Giulia Giannone; Saman Sabet; Sami Hietala; Fabio Valoppi (Food Hydrocolloids, 2025)

Pea protein's interfacial behavior and emulsifying capacity as affected by high-pressure homogenization treatments: an in-depth study with dilatational rheology characterization - Giulia D'Alessio; Julia Maldonado-Valderrama; Teresa del Castillo-Santaella; Annalaura Sabatucci; Antonio Francioso; Paola Pittia; Carla Daniela Di Mattia (Food Hydrocolloids, 2025)

Short-term and long-term ocean acidification effects on seagrass performance: evidence from shallow CO2 vents - Arianna Pansini; Carmen Arena; Alessia Crobu; Ermenegilda Vitale; Giulia Ceccherelli (Environmental Research, 2025)

Beyond the flow: ecological insights from diatom communities of a Mediterranean intermittent river - Davide Taurozzi; Giulia Cesarini; Carmela Di Santo; Massimiliano Scalici (Environmental Research, 2025)

Mechanisms of cellular and molecular responses in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to human pharmaceuticals ibuprofen, paroxetine and their mixture - Marica Mezzelani; Ouafa El Idrissi; Michela Panni; Giuseppe d’Errico; Alessandro Nardi; Maura Benedetti; Marta Di Carlo; Daniele Fattorini; Serena Ferraresso; Giulia Dalla Rovere; Ilaria Bernardini; Massimo Milan; et al. (Environmental Research, 2025)

Posidonia oceanica leaf bleaching: does it affect the plant photoprotective mechanisms? - Patrizia Stipcich; Carmen Arena; Giulia Ceccherelli; Rosa Donadio; Carlos Jimenez; Vasilis Resaikos; Ermenegilda Vitale; Simonetta Fraschetti (Environmental Research, 2025)

Chronic sublethal exposure to methylmercury lengthens telomeres in developing zebra finches - Rachel L. Davis; Samuel D. Mason; Christian Wake; Giulia Fabozzi; William L. Catalano; Chaim A. Schramm; Amy R. Henry; Cokie L. Parker; Farida Laboune; Casey L. McLaughlin; Jeffrey D. Kittilson; John P. Swaddle; et al. (Environmental Pollution, 2025)

Tailoring SFRC to mechanical needs: Full-scale experiments with optimized hybrid SFRC composition and fiber alignment to stress path - Filippo Medeghini; Ivan Trabucchi; Giulia Brentana; Giuseppe Tiberti; Giovanni A. Plizzari; Peter Mark (Engineering Structures, 2025)

Simplified model for the seismic performance of masonry infilled RC buildings - Giulia Angelucci; Flavia De Luca; Raffaele De Risi; Fabrizio Mollaioli; Enrico Spacone (Engineering Structures, 2025)

Mechanisms of river dam formation by debris flows highlighted through comparison with dry avalanches - Tianjia Zhou; Gordon G.D. Zhou; Kahlil F.E. Cui; Hongwei Luo; Xueqiang Lu; Alessandro Pasuto; Giulia Bossi (Engineering Geology, 2025)

Batch and continuous pilot-scale hydrothermal liquefaction of food waste: kinetic modelling and response surface methodology optimization - Giulia Zoppi; Patrick Biller; Jacopo Catalano; Konstantinos Anastasakis (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025)

A novel electrified methane steam reformer for intensified H2 production based on conductive packed foams: experimental and modelling assessment - Giulia Ferri; Matteo Ambrosetti; Alessandra Beretta; Gianpiero Groppi; Enrico Tronconi; Amedeo Agosti (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025)

Continuous wet oxidation of hydrothermal liquefaction aqueous phase: oxidant supply and integration potential - Carolin Eva Schuck; Giulia Zoppi; Konstantinos Anastasakis; Patrick Biller (Biomass and Bioenergy, 2025)

Glucose consumption and uptake in HepG2 cells is improved by aqueous extracts from leaves, but not rhizomes, of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile via GLUT-4 upregulation - Giulia Abruscato; Roberta Tarantino; Manuela Mauro; Roberto Chiarelli; Aiti Vizzini; Vincenzo Arizza; Mirella Vazzana; Claudio Luparello (Protoplasma, 2025)
The endemic Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica is a valuable source of natural bioactive compounds that possess significant therapeutic potential. Here, we examined whether aqueous extracts of rhizomes (RE) and green leaves (GLE) of P. oceanica could exert a glucose-lowering effect on the HepG2 cell line, chosen as an in vitro model of liver cells. We assessed glucose uptake and storage, expression levels of GLUT-2 and -4 transporters and the exposure of the latter one at cell surface, as well as modulation of the expression, synthesis and/or activation of the GLUT2 -transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF1α), and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), AKT and protein kinase Cζ (PKCζ), which regulate GLUT-4 translocation. Glucose consumption/uptake and glycogen storage were increased with exposure to GLE alone. Furthermore, at the molecular level GLE-induced upregulation of (i) IRS-1, AKT, and PKCζ activation levels, (ii) GLUT-4 translation levels, and (iii) GLUT-4 exposure on the cell surface. Conversely, GLUT-2 protein was downregulated. Therefore, the application of the aqueous extract of green leaves of P. oceanica may be suitable for the development of new treatment agents or dietary supplements for diabetes mellitus acting through GLUT-4 mediated glucose import.

Radiation quality matters: morphological and biochemical responses of Brassica rapa microgreens to X-rays, C-ions, and Fe-ions - Sara De Francesco; Chiara Amitrano; Ermenegilda Vitale; Giulia Costanzo; Walter Tinganelli; Mariagabriella Pugliese; Cecilia Arrichiello; Paolo Muto; Marco Durante; Stefania De Pascale; Carmen Arena; Veronica De Micco (Planta, 2025)
Main Conclusion Radiation type and dose distinctly modulate microgreens development, revealing trait-specific thresholds where X-rays induce hormesis, carbon ions delay differentiation, and iron ions enhance biochemical balance with moderate anatomical disruption. Abstract As space exploration progresses and controlled-environment agriculture becomes increasingly relevant under extreme conditions, understanding how ionizing radiation affects plant development is crucial. Ionizing radiation poses a major constraint in space cultivation systems, also playing a role in terrestrial stress scenarios. Despite growing interest in radiation biology, few studies have systematically compared plant responses to different radiation types with distinct linear energy transfer (LET). In this study, seeds of Brassica rapa L. were exposed to increasing doses of X-rays (low-LET), carbon ions, and iron ions (high-LET). Seed germination, morpho-anatomical, and biochemical traits of plants were assessed up to the microgreens stage. Plant responses were both dose- and radiation-specific. Specifically, X-rays triggered a hormetic response at low doses (1 Gy), with a decline in several analyzed traits at higher doses. Carbon ions increased leaf expansion but reduced the content of pigments, proteins, and the structural investment, suggesting a delayed tissue differentiation and low-cost acclimation mechanism under stress. Iron ions promoted a coordinated upregulation of biochemical defenses and moderate anatomical changes. Overall, radiation quality induced distinct acclimation strategies in B. rapa , influencing the balance between growth, structural integrity, and defense mechanisms, highlighting its notable radioresistance. Moreover, identifying trait-specific thresholds and response patterns suggests that different radiation types could be selectively applied to modulate specific functions (e.g., biomass or antioxidants promotion, anatomical adjustments) based on desired outcomes. These findings provide valuable insights into how different ionizing radiation types impact plant responses, addressing a critical gap in space-oriented research and guiding strategies to optimize plant growth in extraterrestrial environments.

Belowground carbon allocation exerts a stronger influence on soil respiration than soil organic carbon content in a dry temperate grassland - János Balogh; Giulia De Luca; Krisztina Pintér; Zoltán Nagy; Péter Koncz; Gabriella Süle; Györgyi Gelybó; Levente Kardos; Dániel Cserhalmi; Györgyi Kampfl; Sándor Fekete; Szilvia Fóti (Plant and Soil, 2025)
Aims As the major carbon sources of soil respiration (R s ) include the soil organic carbon content (SOC) and the belowground carbon allocation, we aimed to reveal their relative effects on actual CO 2 efflux from soil. Methods We measured soil respiration and additional variables in a dry grassland site in Hungary in the same spatial grid (78 points, 0.63 ha) during 23 campaigns over nine years. We used gross primary productivity (GPP) as a proxy for belowground carbon allocation, derived from eddy-covariance measurements and downscaled to the corresponding measuring positions. To visualize the multidimensional data, principal component analysis was performed. To describe the partial effects of the measured variables, general additive models (GAMs) were fitted. Results GPP was found to be the most important predictor variable in the middle of the vegetation period and during drought periods, while soil water content (SWC) proved to be most crucial factor in the first part of the vegetation period and soil temperature (T s ) dominated in the late season. The overall relative importance of T s , SWC, GPP and SOC in GAMs were 36.0%, 32.6%, 30.2% and 1.2%, respectively. Conclusion GPP i.e., the resulting belowground carbon allocation was found to exert a similar influence on R s in the models as T s and SWC, while the significance of SOC was negligible which could be explained by the quality of SOC available to the microbes. Belowground carbon allocation could be the major driver of R s in some phenological phases, therefore it should be incorporated in R s models.

Identifying salt-tolerant traits in Solanum pimpinellifolium through in vitro screening to enhance crop resilience - Susanna Cialli; Alice Trivellini; Giulia Carmassi; Luca Incrocci; Anna Mensuali (Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2025)
Abiotic stresses are considered the primary cause of crop loss worldwide, with salinity being particularly significant. Excessive salt accumulation can impair photosynthetic efficiency, disrupt nutrient assimilation, reduce growth, and lower product quality. In response to these issues, genetic improvement has focused on a limited number of tomato cultivars, significantly reducing their biodiversity. Tomato is a moderately salinity-sensitive crop widely cultivated even with poor-quality irrigation water, making it an ideal candidate for this research.An innovative in vitro screening method was developed using wild tomato seedling accessions grown on plates with sucrose-free agarized medium containing increasing concentrations of sea salt, using marine salinity as a reference. This autotrophic approach allowed us to (i) evaluate biometric and biochemical parameters while closely resembling in vivo plant behaviour, (ii) expand knowledge on biometric traits relevant to adaptation to adverse environmental conditions (salinity), (iii) define innovative phenotyping methodologies to select wild genotypes, and (iv) simultaneously analyse numerous accessions in the confined space of a growth chamber. The results from the in vitro culture screening effectively discriminated the biometric and biochemical parameters involved in salt stress resistance. Notably, the S. pimpinellifolium L. accessions investigated thus far have proven to be more resistant to salinity than traditional cultivars when grown in media enriched with 60% seawater. This study aimed to explore the existing genetic variability in wild tomato species ( Solanum pimpinellifolium L.) and highlights their potential as genetic resources for developing more resilient tomato cultivars to meet future agricultural challenges posed by climate change, by enhancing the genetic diversity of contemporary cultivar.

Progress and challenges in obesity pharmacotherapy: semaglutide as a milestone - Francesco Ferrara; Denise Bazzani; Barbara Crivelli; Elisa Danieli; Pietro Gazzola; Greta Guarnieri; Giulia Handschin; Claudia Lauria; Carlotta Marchetti; Emanuele Sbraga; Carmen Zero; Andrea Zovi; et al. (Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 2025)

Intra- and extracellular DNA as carriers of antibiotic resistance genes and class 1 integrons in river waters - Raffaella Sabatino; Periyasamy Sivalingam; Francesco Di Nezio; Giulia Borgomaneiro; Michela Rogora; Gianluca Corno; Diego Fontaneto; Andrea Di Cesare (Hydrobiologia, 2025)

Anticipation of pain during operant learning increases cognitive performance and feedback-related cortical potentials - Carolina Ceruti; Laura Petrini; Giulia Erica Aliotta; Dennis Boye Larsen; Elia Valentini; Kristian Hennings; Carina Graversen; Carsten Dahl Mørch (Experimental Brain Research, 2025)
Operant conditioning (OC) evokes behavioral changes and may be useful in pain management. However, it is unknown how alteration of a tonic painful stimulus may affect cognitive performance in an OC learning task and the associated neural activity. To address this, specific event-related potentials (ERPs) and cognitive performance were assessed after an OC task, using altered pain intensity as the operant stimulus. Two OC paradigms were designed using painful tonic pressure pain as the conditioning stimulus. 29 healthy participants received individually set tonic pressure pain corresponding to visual analogue scale 5 (VAS5; pain threshold). Pressure was maintained and a cognitive task performance yielded reward or punishment. Consequences of correct and incorrect answers in the negative reinforcement (NR) condition were pain relief (VAS3) or no pressure change (VAS5), respectively, and no pressure change (VAS5) or increased pressure (VAS7) in the positive punishment (PP) condition, respectively. The initial condition (NR or PP) was randomized, and 120 trials were conducted in three same-day sessions. 64-channel electroencephalography was recorded, and auditory-feedback ERPs (P1N1, P2N2, P3N3) were extracted. Higher ERP peak-to-peak amplitudes were found when participants received feedback that their answer was incorrect. A small OC learning behavior effect was found across trials with no difference between NR and PP. Independent of OC paradigm, learning behavior was induced, and ERP complex amplitudes increased when incorrect answers were given. These novel findings show that higher pain expectancy due to an incorrect answer, facilitated feedback-related ERPs when using pain as a conditioning stimulus.

Evaluation of a digital remote extraction analysis and monitoring tool for key performance indicators (KPIs) in the blood culture process - Claudio Palmieri; Laura Bartolini; Andrea Berlingeri; Barbara Camilloni; Gianfranco La Bella; Michela Pascarella; Marina Selleri; Felice Valzano; Chiara Vismara; Simone Ambretti; Carla Fontana; Mario Rassu; et al. (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2025)
Purpose Bloodstream infections (BSIs) pose a significant health threat, requiring effective diagnostic processes to ensure appropriate treatment. Monitoring the quality of blood cultures (BCs) process (the cornerstone of BSIs etiological diagnosis) is critical. This study aimed to describe an automated tool, BD DREAM™ (Digital Remote Extraction Analysis & Monitoring), designed for monitoring key performance indicators (KPIs) in the BCs process. Methods A multicenter study was conducted across six Italian hospitals, analyzing 234,978 BC bottles, associated with 55,819 episodes. The system monitored KPIs related to mean blood volume per bottle, rates of solitary episodes, rate of BCs from central venous catheter (CVC) unpaired with concomitant BCs from peripheral vein, and contamination rates. Results The findings highlighted significant variability in BC practices among centers and hospital services, with mean blood volume per bottle below recommended standards (6.45 mL vs. ≥ 8.0 mL), with 21.8% (range 3.2–62.9%) of episodes classified as solitary. The rate of BCs from CVC unpaired with concomitant BCs from peripheral vein was 14.9% (range 10.2–39.0%). Overall, contamination rates ranged from 4.2 to 4.7%, depending on the criteria adopted for definition. The setting with the more critical values was medical area. Conclusion The tool was useful for immediate visualization and identification of hospital services with critical performance. These results suggest that integrating BC digital monitoring tools into clinical microbiology workflows is possible. Further studies will be needed to demonstrate that the implementation of BD DREAM™ can lead to enhancement of diagnostic accuracy, optimization of resources allocation, and improvement of patient outcomes.

How does the previous environment affect pigs’ responses when switching to a barren or enriched environment as assessed by Qualitative Behaviour Assessment? - Fabiana De Angelis; Giulia Ferroni; Christoph Winckler; Sara Hintze (Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 2025)

Phage therapy for antimicrobial-resistant Klebsiella spp. infections: a review of mechanisms, synergies, and clinical potential - Giulia Condas; Maria Eduarda Xavier Pedroso; Sheila Alexandra Belini Nishiyama; Tiago Tognolli de Almeida; Marcos Pileggi; Luiz Ricardo Olchanheski (Archives of Microbiology, 2025)

Inferring the metabolic rate of zebrafish in still water from mouth opening and pectoral‐fin beating - Nicco Ulbricht; Giulia Lombardelli; Sean D. Peterson; Maurizio Porfiri (Journal of Fish Biology, 2025)
The inference of metabolic rate from behavioural measurements is an open question in fish biology. Here, we put forward a predictive model of zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) metabolic rate in still water from mouth opening and pectoral‐fin beating. Our analysis revisits experimental results published in this journal, reprocessed to include information about the pectoral‐fin beating. Using Cobb–Douglas function, we identify a positive (negative) correlation between metabolic rate and mouth opening amplitude (pectoral‐fin amplitude), pointing at the interplay between buccal pumping and pectoral‐fin stabilization.

Coastal, marine or blue tourism governance? Spotting academic trends through a bibliometric analysis - Giulia Balestracci; Marta Gemma Nel-lo-Andreu; Sílvia Gómez (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2025)
Recognising the critical role of oceans in sustainable development, as emphasised by the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030), this study examines the evolution of academic research on blue tourism governance, a growing field situated at the intersection of marine sustainability, tourism development, and ocean governance. Blue tourism—encompassing coastal and marine tourism—is the largest and most economically significant component of the blue economy, yet its governance dimension remains relatively underexplored. To address this gap, a structured bibliometric analysis of Scopus-indexed publications from 1986 to 2024 was undertaken, using VOSviewer to identify conceptual patterns, thematic trends, and institutional contributions related to coastal, marine, and blue tourism governance. The results reveal a sharp increase in research output from 2010, particularly following the adoption of the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the launch of the Ocean Decade. Early literature focused predominantly on economic development and resource use, whereas recent publications increasingly emphasise sustainability, climate change, marine policy, stakeholder engagement, and integrated governance models. The findings also show growing disciplinary convergence, with environmental sciences, economics, and social sciences frequently intersecting in blue tourism governance discourse. This study clarifies the conceptual positioning of blue tourism within the blue economy framework and highlighting the shift towards governance-oriented scholarship. It identifies critical research gaps, such as including the need for adaptive, multilevel governance approaches and offers a foundation for future work aimed at enhancing the sustainability and equity of tourism in marine and coastal regions.

Wave-Induced Loads and Fatigue Life of Small Vessels Under Complex Sea States - Pasqualino Corigliano; Claudio Alacqua; Davide Crisafulli; Giulia Palomba (Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2025)
The Strait of Messina poses unique challenges for small vessels due to strong currents and complex wave conditions, which critically affect structural integrity and operational safety. This study proposes an integrated methodology that combines seakeeping analysis, a comparison with classification society rules, and fatigue life assessment within a unified and computationally efficient framework. A panel-based approach was used to compute vessel motions and vertical bending moments at different speeds and wave directions. Hydrodynamic loads derived from Response Amplitude Operators (RAOs) were compared with regulatory limits and applied to fatigue analysis. A further innovative aspect is the use of high-resolution bathymetric data from the Strait of Messina, enabling a realistic representation of local currents and sea states and providing a more accurate assessment than studies based on idealized conditions. The results show that forward speed amplifies bending moments, reducing safe wave heights from 2 m at rest to about 0.5 m at 16 knots. Fatigue analysis indicates that aluminum hulls are highly vulnerable to 2–3 m waves, while steel and titanium show no significant damage. The proposed workflow is transferable to other vessel types and supports safer design and operation. The case study of the Strait of Messina, the busiest and most challenging maritime corridor in Italy, confirms the validity and practical importance of the approach. By combining hydrodynamic and structural analyses into a single workflow, this study establishes the foundation for predictive maintenance and real-time structural health monitoring, with significant implications for navigation safety in complex sea environments.

Phthalates, an environmental problem: A systematic review of their impact on marine organisms - Lucas Fazardo de Lima; Aline Nunes; Giulia Galani Martha; Isadora Nicole Lara Piccinin; Marcelo Maraschin (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2025)

Maternal responsiveness to child receptiveness and fullness cues from 8 to 24 months of age and their relation with complementary feeding approach and language proficiency - Alice Di Prete; Guido Maria Caruso; Denise Del Grosso; Eleonora Giacomini; Sara Picuno; Giulia Trappetti; Valentina Focaroli; Melania Paoletti; Giulia Pecora; Barbara Caravale; Corinna Gasparini; Serena Gastaldi; et al. (Appetite, 2025)

Domain knowledge, just evaluation, and robust data standards are required to advance AI in food science - Dachuan Zhang; Meihui Liu; Zhaoshuo Yu; Hanlin Xu; Stephan Pfister; Giulia Menichetti; Xingran Kou; Jinlin Zhu; Daming Fan; Pingfan Rao (Trends in Food Science & Technology, 2025)

Efficacy, safety and interval from end of treatment to estrus in cats treated with an ultra-low dose megestrol acetate protocol for suppression of reproductive activity - Maria Pereira; Anna Grassi; Maja Zakošek Pipan; Giulia Contato; Giada Dal Ponte; Anna Ghezzo; Kurt.G.M. De Cramer; Stefano Romagnoli (Theriogenology, 2025)

The sustainability scale-up framework: A tool to design scale-up strategies for sustainable businesses - Anshuman Panigrahi; Shahrokh Nikou; Giulia Calabretta (Sustainable Production and Consumption, 2025)

Toxic effects of phthalates on in vitro cellular models: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2014–2024) - Giulia Galani; Lucas Fazardo de Lima; Isadora Nicole Lara Piccinin; Aline Nunes; Suelen Goulart; Ernesto Alfaro-Moreno; Vânia Vilas-Boas; Marcelo Maraschin (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Methods for ensuring equity in noise-induced annoyance and sleep disturbance from different sources - Matteo Bolognese; Elena Ascari; Giulia Crifaci; Gianmarco Stasi; Gaetano Licitra; Luca Fredianelli (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Origanum dictamnus infusion characterization by HPLC-PDA-MS and nanoformulation development - Charikleia Paloukopoulou; Giulia Vanti; Anastasia Karioti; Anna Rita Bilia (Phytochemistry Letters, 2025)

Exploring the impact of moderate water stress on anthocyanin, flavonol glycosides and terpene dynamics across fruit development and ripening in Pistacia lentiscus L. - Lucrezia Muti; Diana Vanacore; Francesca Alderotti; Cassandra Detti; Giulia Goracci; Cecilia Brunetti; Francesco Ferrini; Anna Rita Bilia; Antonella Gori (Phytochemistry Letters, 2025)

QbD approach for the development of CBD-loaded polymeric micelles for oral delivery - Lucia Grifoni; Serena Orlandini; Essadia Rebbani; Giulia Vanti; Maria Camilla Bergonzi; Anna Rita Bilia (Phytochemistry Letters, 2025)

Exploring the impact of moderate water stress on flavonoid and terpene dynamics in Pistacia lentiscus L. fruits: Implications for nutraceutical value during ripening - Lucrezia Muti; Francesca Alderotti; Cecilia Brunetti; Diana Vanacore; Damiano Tanini; Cassandra Detti; Giulia Goracci; Francesco Ferrini; Anna Rita Bilia; Antonella Gori (Phytochemistry, 2025)

Anti-Fusarium activities of microemulsions of essential oils of Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) and Salvia fruticosa L. (Lamiaceae) to be used as pre-harvest treatment of fruits - Lucia Grifoni; Cristiana Sacco; Rosa Donato; Tziakas Spyros; Tomou Ekaterina-Michaela; Helen Skaltsa; Giulia Vanti; Anna Rita Bilia (Phytochemistry Letters, 2025)

Natural products as active substances and structure components of delivery systems: the case of nanovesicles - Giulia Vanti; Lucia Grifoni; Maria Camilla Bergonzi; Anna Rita Bilia (Phytochemistry Letters, 2025)

Evaluation of salami packed under different packaging materials - Cansu Ekin Bonacina; Giulia Leni; Andrea Giombelli; Laura Principato; Roberta Galli; Carlo Negrini; Andrea Bassani; Giuliano Dallolio; Giorgia Spigno (Meat Science, 2025)

Industrial symbiosis patterns in eco-industrial parks: A sectoral analysis based on global empirical data - Giulia Lippi; Rosalia Stella Evola; Enrica Vesce (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2025)

Environmental sustainability assessment of different strategies for the treatment of wastewater from textile industry - Alessia Amato; Giulia Merli; Marina Prisciandaro; Karima Ayedi; Valentina Innocenzi (Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2025)

Gossypiboma-derived lethal sarcoma in a dog - A. Rigillo; G. Giulia; M. Gambini; R. Magnoni; C. Perri; S. Remoli (Journal of Comparative Pathology, 2025)

Fracture Displacement Basis Function (FDBF) method for efficient geomechanical calculations of fractured rock - Giulia Conti; Stephan K. Matthäi; Patrick Jenny (International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2025)

Occurrence and patterns of legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in bones of white-beaked dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) using target, suspect, and non-target screening - Oliver Salangad; Francesca Cappelli; Fabian Simon; Anders Galatius; Christian Sonne; Giulia Poma; Peter Rask Møller; Rune Dietz; Adrian Covaci (Environmental Research, 2025)

The DANUBIUS-RI supersite of Po delta and North Adriatic Lagoons: a living lab on transitional environments in the Adriatic Sea - Francesca De Pascalis; Emilio Urbinati; Ali Aalifar; Leslie Aveytua Alcazar; Luca Arpaia; Marco Bajo; Andrea Barbanti; Francesco Barbariol; Mauro Bastianini; Debora Bellafiore; Federico Bellati; Alvise Benetazzo; et al. (Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2025)

Influence of flow dynamics on the trapping efficiency and pile-up geometries of multiple-surge granular mass flow - Nanjun Li; Gordon G.D. Zhou; Kahlil F.E. Cui; Alessandro Pasuto; Giulia Bossi; Yongping Song (Engineering Geology, 2025)

Managing for heterogeneity reduces fire risk in boreal forest landscapes—A model analysis - Yuval R. Zelnik; Samuli Launiainen; Giulia Vico (Ecological Modelling, 2025)

Personalized environmental control systems (PECS): A systematic review of performance evaluation methods for thermal comfort, air quality and energy - Douaa Al-Assaad; Ilaria Pigliautile; Jun Shinoda; Rajan Rawal; Maíra André; Siddhi Vashi; Roberto Rugani; Giulia Torriani; Wilmer Pasut; Akshit Gupta; Alireza Afshari; Meng Kong; et al. (Building and Environment, 2025)

Integrating ethical assessment and media content analysis to explore social conflicts over large carnivores - Simone Basile; Elena Mercugliano; Sally Carraro; Pierfrancesco Biasetti; Giulia Mascarello; Anna Pinto; Marco Zago; Veronica Nanni; Steven Seet; Roberto Guadagnini; Barbara de Mori (Biological Conservation, 2025)

Assessment of duodenal villous morphology in canine IBD using magnification endoscopy with water immersion technique (WIT) and image skeletonization - Giulia Maggi; Laura Valli; Domenico Caivano; Elvio Lepri; Francesca Pirgher; Maria Chiara Marchesi (Veterinary Research Communications, 2025)

The hidden constrains in soil ecology and plant physiology: microplastic effects on nutrient and metal transport in soil-plant continuum - Simone Landi; Giorgia Santini; Noemi Russo; Lucia Santorufo; Karen Power; Luigi Rosati; Antonietta Siciliano; Alessandra Marano; Carmen Arena; Sergio Esposito; Giulia Maisto (Plant and Soil, 2025)

Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) therapy modifies the expression of interferon beta and inflammatory genes in the airways of adult patients with cystic fibrosis: a pilot study - Camilla Bitossi; Federica Frasca; Alessandra D’Auria; Matteo Fracella; Giulia Radocchia; Maria Trancassini; Laura Petrarca; Domenico La Regina; Patrizia Troiani; Massimo Gentile; Valeria Pietropaolo; Fabio Midulla; et al. (Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2025)

Seas of Renewal: Turning Sea Urchin Waste into Polyhydroxynaphtoquinone-Collagen Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine - Giordana Martinelli; Stefania Marzorati; Margherita Roncoroni; Luciano Magro; Matteo Brilli; Giangiacomo Beretta; Graziano Colombo; Luca Melotti; Anna Carolo; Giulia Zivelonghi; Stefano Farris; Marco Patruno; et al. (Marine Biotechnology, 2025)
Chronic wounds and skin ulcers pose significant challenges to healthcare systems globally, necessitating innovative approaches to accelerate healing processes. Biomaterial-based therapies have emerged as promising solutions for tissue regeneration. This study focuses on valorization of sea urchin waste toward the development and characterization of collagen-based scaffolds added with polyhydroxynaphthoquinone (PHNQ) antioxidants, successfully incorporated into biomaterials at optimal ratio, enhancing scaffold stability and integrity. Water uptake, mechanical properties, and degradation kinetics of the composite scaffolds were evaluated and compared with controls. Biocomposites were also tested for cytotoxicity. Results indicate that composite scaffolds exhibit superior chemical stability and slower degradation rates, attributed to strong interactions between collagen and PHNQs. This aspect was explored also through in silico investigations by means of tight binding molecular dynamics methods. It has been found that a covalent bond forms between the selected collagen representative and one PHNQ. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of PHNQs was retained in the composite scaffolds, providing additional therapeutic benefits under the perspective application of regenerative medicine. Normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) exposed to the combination of collagen and PHNQs remained viable. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of sea urchin food waste in a valorization chain, offering added value through the production of collagen-based composite scaffolds.

Traveling around the Mediterranean Sea: the bryozoan Amathia verticillata (Delle Chiaje, 1822) together with non-indigenous and endemic overlooked nudibranchs (Mollusca, Gastropoda) - Giulia Furfaro; Egidio Trainito; Michele Solca; Alessio Mauro; Emanuele Mancini (Marine Biology, 2025)
The Mediterranean Sea is recognized as a hot spot of biodiversity, but the ever-increasing commercial and recreational marine traffic and global warming pose significant threats to its fauna by enabling and facilitating, respectively, the introduction of non-indigenous species (NIS). To mitigate negative effects in the native communities, greater efforts are being made to generate updated lists of NIS and to monitor their spread over space and time. In this regard, Amathia verticillata (delle Chiaje, 1822), a worldwide distributed arborescent bryozoan, can play an important role as a vector of NIS due to its ability to be a species ‘carrier of other species’. Despite its importance, a detailed study on the highly specialized Nudibranchia molluscs associated with A. verticillata is still lacking. Given that some nudibranchs serve as powerful bioindicators of changes in the Mediterranean Sea, and considering that A. verticillata is an invasive species capable to facilitating the establishment and spread of NIS, a broad bibliographic study coupled with field investigations in different anthropized areas of the Central Mediterranean Sea were conducted. The nudibranch fauna associated with A. verticillata in the Mediterranean Sea was assessed for the first time. Nine species were found associated with this bryozoan, five of which were directly observed and analysed using morphological and molecular techniques. A case of cryptic diversity was revealed, with Polycerella recondita Schmekel, 1965 resurrected as a valid species, and the neglected Tenellia granosa (Schmekel, 1966) reported for the fourth time in the Mediterranean Sea. Notably, only three out of the nine species are Indo-Pacific, while the remaining six taxa have an Atlantic/Mediterranean distribution. This finding prompted further phylogenetic and haplotype network analyses on the two nudibranch species directly associated with A. verticillata : Bermudella polycerelloides and P. recondita . These analyses revealed different and previously unknown ecological traits of the spread of these two species.

Correlation between myocardial work indices and main echocardiographic and cardiopulmonary exercise stress test parameters in Olympic endurance athletes - Giuseppe Di Gioia; Armando Ferrera; Federica Mango; Davide Ortolina; Viviana Maestrini; Sara Monosilio; Giulia Paoletti; Erika Lemme; Maria Rosaria Squeo; Antonio Pelliccia (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2025)

From adoption to impact: linking prescribing tools to clinical outcomes—authors’ response - Monia Donati; Carlotta Lunghi; Giulia Grillini; Marco Domenicali; Maria Lia Lunardelli; Veronica Pasini; Susy Milandri; Monica Mussoni; Fabio Pieraccini; Elisa Sangiorgi; Emanuel Raschi; Valentina Colonnello; et al. (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2025)

Exploring the therapeutic potential of plant-based natural products against resistant human pathogens - Samira Mansour; Mohamed Soliman Mohamed; Stacey Ellen Pane; Abdelraouf A. Moustafa; Giulia Guerriero (Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration, 2025)

Arrivals and departures: exploring sea slug diversity (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the Salento Peninsula harbours - Andrea Toso; Michele Solca; Egidio Trainito; Martina Stifani; Giulia Furfaro (Marine Biodiversity, 2025)
This study investigates the Heterobranchia species present in the harbours of the Salento Peninsula, in southern Italy, in the central Mediterranean Sea. A total of 158 specimens from 21 families and 54 species were recorded from 2020 to 2025, including five non-indigenous species (NIS): Anteaeolidiella lurana , Bermudella polycerelloides , Camachoaglaja africana , Polycera hedgpethi and Stiliger cf . auarita . Among the total 54 Heterobranchia species, one is a new record for the Mediterranean Sea; five are new records for the Ionian and/or Adriatic Seas; and 12 species are added to the Salento Peninsula fauna. The finding of about one-third of the total number of species known for the Salento Peninsula, from ports and marinas is noteworthy and emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring of areas under anthropological stress for early warning of NIS and of neglected endemic diversity. The methodology used to collect heterobranchs in these restricted access habitats revealed to be powerful and effective to unravel small and difficult-to-see organisms such as most of the species here recorded. This research contributes to expanding the knowledge of marine Heterobranchia biodiversity enhancing the known Mediterranean diversity and shedding light on anthropized and poorly known environments such as harbours and marinas.

Micropollutants and Their Interactions With Relevant Environmental Viruses - Catielen Paula Pavi; Mariana Alves Elois; Yasmin Ferreira Souza Hoffmann Jempierre; Rafael Dorighello Cadamuro; Beatriz Pereira Savi; Giulia Von Tönnemann Pilati; Gislaine Fongaro (Environmental Microbiology, 2025)
Emerging pollutants encompass a diverse array of chemicals classified as micropollutants, including pharmaceuticals and microplastics (MPs). Viruses are known to adsorb onto MPs, including binding to bacterial biofilms that form the plastisphere. In this review, we conducted an extensive bibliographic survey to critically assess the potential interactions between micropollutants, such as MPs, organic micropollutants and viruses in aquatic environments, within the One Health context. The interaction between viruses and bacterial cell wall components can increase the infectivity and thermal stability of viral particles, which thrive on biofilms commonly found on MPs in aquatic systems. MPs, acting as viral vectors, can impact viral life cycles, survival, transmission and interaction with hosts, posing significant risks to human, animal and environmental health. There is a clear need for additional practical studies to understand how viruses remain stable when in contact with micropollutants. This field of research provides opportunities to better understand the broader impacts of these interactions, including the potential for new viral outbreaks due to the prolonged persistence of pathogens in the environment.

Suitability of two different organic substrates as growing media for sustaining the productivity of mediterranean plant species in degraded sites - Giulia Maisto; Luca Vitale; Lucia Santorufo; Valeria Memoli; Ermenegilda Vitale; Giorgia Santini; Giulia Costanzo; Anna De Marco; Carmen Arena (Environmental Sustainability, 2025)
The degradation of natural and urban areas due to human activities has intensified in recent decades, leading to significant biodiversity loss and decline in ecosystem service. In this context, the revegetation with native Mediterranean sclerophyllous shrubs represents a promising strategy for the recovery of overexploited environments. This study evaluated the suitability of two organic substrates—compost (C) and a compost-poultry manure mix (CP)— obtained from domestic waste and green refuse, as growing media for three Mediterranean species ( Quercus ilex L., Phillyrea angustifolia L., Laurus nobilis L.) to restore degraded sites. To assess the effects of substrate type and climate on primary production, three plant species were cultivated for one year in mesocosms containing limestone debris, which was amended with either C or CP, and leaf gas exchanges as well as key eco-physiological traits were monitored across seasons. Results showed that plants on CP exhibited higher photosynthetic rates compared to those on C substrate, with increases of 25%, 12%, and 20% for Q. ilex , P. angustifolia , and L. nobilis , respectively, accompanied by greater height and trunk diameter for all species. Notably, during the summer drought period, CP plants maintained enhanced carbon fixation—22%, 25%, and 37% higher than C plants for the respective species. One year after, organic matter (OM) in the CP substrate had decreased by 44%, compared to only 7% in the C substrate, suggesting more rapid utilization by the plants. The readily available OM and the higher water-holding capacity of CP substrate (+ 54% after one year)), presumably contributed to the improved photosynthetic and transpiration rates during summer. Among species, Q. ilex demonstrated the highest resilience under challenging environmental conditions. Overall data suggests that the CP substrate is more effective than the C in promoting plant growth and offers significant potential for the recovery of degraded sites, such as disused quarries.

Coral bleaching and mortality across a 24° latitudinal range in the Southwestern Atlantic during the fourth global bleaching event - Miguel Mies; Giovanna Destri; Carlos H. F. Lacerda; Júlia L. M. Carvalho; Júlia Y. Ibanhez; Arthur Z. Güth; André L. Luza; Luiza P. Campos; Aline C. Shimada; Kenzo N. T. Omaki; Bianca E. Jahn; Yasmim A. Abreu; et al. (Coral Reefs, 2025)

Sex differences in brain glucose metabolism in alzheimer’s disease: A voxel-based study - Matilde Nerattini; Elisabetta Maria Abenavoli; Francesca Caramelli; Giulia Giacomucci; Benedetta Nacmias; Enrico Mossello; Valentina Bessi; Valentina Berti (GeroScience, 2025)
A growing body of evidence shows significant sex differences in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) epidemiology, clinical presentation, and pathology burden; however, sex differences in neuroimaging biomarkers remain underexplored, prompting recent calls to action for more targeted research in this field. We analyzed static brain positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with 2-[ 18 F] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) from 247 elderly individuals with AD dementia, including 151 women and 96 men. Voxel-based analysis was used to detect reductions in FDG uptake in each sex relative to a publicly shared normative database and to identify sex differences in FDG uptake within the AD cohort. Both sexes exhibited glucose hypometabolism in AD-vulnerable regions, including the parieto-temporal cortex, posterior cingulate, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and frontal lobes ( P FWE ≤ 0.001 in women and ≤ 0.013 in men). Sex differences in regional FDG uptake were observed in both directions, with greater hypometabolism in limbic and frontal regions in women ( P FWE ≤ 0.023) and in parietal cortices in men ( P FWE ≤ 0.008). The sex-specific distribution of hypometabolism, with more pronounced anterior involvement in women and posterior involvement in men, aligns with known differences in brain reserve and hormone-sensitive regions. This pattern suggests that neurophysiological and neuroendocrine aging may contribute to AD neuropathology in a sex-dependent manner. Recognizing these variations could refine diagnostic approaches and inform the development of sex-specific therapeutic strategies.

Obesity is associated with reduced sensitivity to stimulus rewarding value, but unaltered effects of fasting and contextual modulation during action prediction - Valentina Bianco; Mattia D'Alleva; Stefano Lazzer; Giulia D'Argenio; Sara Boscarol; Cosimo Urgesi (Appetite, 2025)

The zero-burden Illusion: Rethinking allocation methods for secondary raw materials in LCA - Giulia Del Serrone; Gennaro Riccio; Laura Moretti (Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2025)

Impact of Resveratrol Supplementation on Human Sirtuin 1: A Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation–Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials - Fatemeh Mansouri; Giulia Feliziani; Laura Bordoni; Rosita Gabbianelli (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2025)

Identification, characterization, and determinants of dietary patterns of low-income urban adults in Vietnam and Nigeria - Giulia Pastori; Kim Maasen; Elise F. Talsma; Hans Verhoef; Folake O. Samuel; Oluyemisi F. Shittu; Le Thi Huong; Ricardo Hernandez; Sigrid Wertheim-Heck; Xuan Thi Thanh Le; Truong Tuyet Mai; Mark Lundy; et al. (Global Food Security, 2025)

Decoding bioactivity in pea proteins: optimised hydrolysis reveals antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory peptides - Giulia Di Filippo; Nadia Innocente; Giancarlo Verardo; Andrea Gorassini; Marilena Marino; Sofia Melchior; Sonia Calligaris (Food Bioscience, 2025)

Caring policy-relevant knowledge? The case of the Brazilian Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services - Adriana Ressiore C.; Giulia De Fusco; David Ludwig; Charbel N. El-Hani; Esther Turnhout (Environmental Science & Policy, 2025)

Survey of national target values on classroom acoustics - Virginia Tardini; Giulia Fratoni; Dario D’Orazio (Building and Environment, 2025)

Light-driven optimisation of high-value aromatic compound production in metabolically engineered cyanobacteria - Giulia Usai; Nicolò Santi Vasile; Davide Scabello; Elena Mazzocchi; Debora Fino; Candido Fabrizio Pirri; Barbara Menin; Alessandro Cordara (Bioresource Technology Reports, 2025)

Transcriptomic and microbiota responses in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to environmental concentrations of caffeine and cocaine - Giovanna Monticelli; Alessandro Nardi; Marica Mezzelani; Ilaria Bernardini; Giulia Dalla Rovere; Ouafa El Idrissi; Serena Ferraresso; Veronica Vivani; Maura Benedetti; Stefania Gorbi; Luca Peruzza; Luca Bargelloni; et al. (Aquatic Toxicology, 2025)

GPR55 senses lactate to sustain motility in prostate cancer cells - Giovanna Sgrignani; Marta Iozzo; Lara Di Leonardo; Elisa Pardella; Erica Pranzini; Giulia Gangarossa; Giuseppina Comito; Luigi Ippolito; Elisa Giannoni; Paola Chiarugi (Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2025)
The enrichment of specific metabolites within the tumor microenvironment is emerging as a driver of tumor progression. Specifically, in prostate cancer (PCa), increased abundance of lactate is associated with primary-to-metastasis tumor spreading by supporting cancer cell invasiveness. Here, we highlight that the endocannabinoid receptor GPR55 is able to sense lactate and consequently trigger PCa cell amoeboid-like invasiveness, through the activation of the pro-migratory RhoA/MLC2 signaling pathway. These findings uncover a new role for GPR55 in sustaining lactate-driven PCa cell motility.

Oxy-thermobarometry of grospydite and high-Ca eclogite xenoliths from Zagadochnaya kimberlite pipe (Yakutia, Siberian craton) - Giulia Marras; Denis Mikhailenko; Catherine A. McCammon; Alla Logvinova; Darko Hanžel; Luigi Dallai; Vincenzo Stagno (Mineralogy and Petrology, 2025)
Grospydites are a rare variety of eclogites composed of gros sular– py roxene – di sthene (kyanite) occurring only in a few kimberlite pipes worldwide. The pressures, temperatures and redox conditions of formation for grospydites have been poorly investigated, even though such parameters are needed to better understand their origin and the scarcity of elemental carbon (graphite/diamond), a common feature of these rocks. In this study, we determined the chemical composition and Fe 3+ /∑Fe of coexisting garnet and clinopyroxene from nine C-free kyanite-bearing eclogite xenoliths from Zagadochnaya pipe (Yakutia). Five samples show garnet with Ca# >45 mol% [Ca # = Ca/(Ca + Mg + Fe + Mn)] and are classified as grospydites, while the remaining samples are high-Ca eclogites with Ca# of 23–38 mol%. Fe 3+ /ΣFe of garnet ranges between 0.03 and 0.09 (± 0.02), overlapping with values measured for eclogitic garnets equilibrated at mantle conditions. Fe 3+ /ΣFe in clinopyroxene spans from 0.21 to 0.46 (± 0.03), slightly higher than values measured in eclogites from other localities worldwide. The calculated equilibration pressures (3.7–6.7 GPa for grospydites and 4.3–5.6 GPa for high-Ca eclogites) and temperatures (920–1220 °C for grospydites and 1010–1060 °C for high-Ca eclogites) result in f o 2 values ranging from − 2.0 to − 0.2 log units for grospydites and − 1.9 to −1.7 for high-Ca eclogites relative to the fayalite-magnetite-quartz buffer. The δ 18 O values measured in two garnet-clinopyroxene pairs confirm that samples equilibrated at mantle conditions. Our study extends the knowledge of grospydites in terms of Fe 3+/ ΣFe and P-T- f o 2 within the global eclogite database. Despite the finding that equilibration P-T- f o 2 values are compatible with the stability of graphite/diamond, the lack of elemental C in the investigated samples can be explained as either (1) these rocks formed from a slab that lost C during subduction, or (2) these rocks underwent metasomatism with C-poor fluids/melts or (3) a carbon-free layer was sampled by the ascending kimberlitic melts.

Identifying biomarkers for shifts in microbial community structure in Irish Grasslands: the influence of context-specific drivers - Aaron Fox; Ana Barreiro; David Wall; Giulia Bondi (Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2025)
Purpose This study investigated the comparative influence of regional/climatic difference in agronomic potential (‘Region'), natural drainage (‘Drainage’) and grassland management intensity (‘Manage’) on soil physicochemical variables, microbial community structure and soil potential extracellular enzymatic activity across 37 Irish grassland sites. Methods Soil samples were collected in a structured manner from representative sites, and soil physicochemical parameters were measured. Soil microbial community structure was determined by phospholipid fatty acid analysis and different potential soil extracellular enzymatic activities were measured through both fluorometric and colorimetric assays. Doubly-nested PERMANOVA and ANOVA models were performed in R to evaluate the impact of the examined factors on multivariate and univariate variables, respectively. Results A doubly-nested PERMANOVA model revealed that each of the three factors exerted a significant influence on soil microbial community structure ( p < 0.05). The factor ‘Drainage’ did have a stronger influence on the abundance of the fatty acid biomarker for the arbuscular mycorrizal fungi (effect size = 20.54%) than ‘Region’ had (effect size = 10.05%), with ‘Manage’ having no significant effect. In contrast to soil microbial community structure, individual soil potential extracellular enzymatic activities mostly either did not significantly respond to any factor, or significantly responded to ‘Region’ only ( p < 0.05, i.e., β-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, arylsulfatase and acid phosphatase). Conclusion The study highlights the value of considering localized environmental drivers in studies relating to soil parameters at the national level, to support effective, context-specific management strategies for soil biodiversity conservation and national monitoring schemes of soil biology.

Botanical solutions for managing mite and insect pests of honeybee colonies - Priscilla Farina; Giulia Giunti; Orlando Campolo; Filippo Maggi; Andrea Lucchi; Angelo Canale; Nicolas Desneux; Raul Narciso C. Guedes; Giovanni Benelli (Journal of Pest Science, 2025)

RNAi-mediated suppression of embryos as a promising strategy to control Spodoptera littoralis - Gennaro Volpe; Ilaria Di Lelio; Daniele Bruno; Andrea Becchimanzi; Eleonora Barra; Elia Russo; Marco Gebiola; Giulia Magoga; Giovanni Jesu; Sabrina Di Giorgi; Matteo Perrone; Matteo Montagna; et al. (Journal of Pest Science, 2025)

Phthalate and non-phthalate plastic additives associated with size segregated airborne particles collected in e-waste recycling plants - Patrizia Di Filippo; Donatella Pomata; Carmela Riccardi; Francesca Buiarelli; Andrea Fricano; Giulia Simonetti (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2025)

Prevention of Mercury-Induced Cardiotoxicity After Short-Term Egg White Hydrolysate Supplementation in Rats - Sarah Hoffman de Moraes Alencastre; Dalton Valentim Vassallo; Giulia Alessandra Wiggers; Marta Miguel–Castro; Renata Andrade Ávila; Leonardo dos Santos; Ingridy Reinholz Grafites Schereider (Cardiovascular Toxicology, 2025)

Fertilization with fermented composts improves agroeconomic performance and sustainability in organic lettuce and forage sorghum cropping systems in Northwestern Minas Gerais, Brazil - Ana Amélia dos Santos Cordeiro; Luiz Fernando de Sousa Antunes; Giulia da Costa Rodrigues dos Santos; José Guilherme Marinho Guerra; Ricardo Luiz Louro Berbara; Ednaldo da Silva Araújo; José Antonio Azevedo Espindola (Organic Agriculture, 2025)

Pastoralism and mining activities affecting timberline ecosystems in the Italian Alps during the last millennia - Giulia Furlanetto; Renata Perego; Marco Stefano Caccianiga; Roberto Comolli; Laura Ferigato; Giulia Frigerio; Cesare Ravazzi (Anthropocene, 2025)

Wintertime forest surface temperature dynamics in boreal and sub-alpine forests - Vincent Haagmans; Giulia Mazzotti; Clare Webster; Tobias Jonas (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2025)

Hemodynamic Characterization of Peripheral Arterio-Venous Malformations Using Rapid Contrast-Enhanced MR Imaging: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study - Camilla Giulia Calastra; Marika Bono; Aloma Blanch Granada; Aleksandra Tuleja; Sarah Maike Bernhard; Vanessa Diaz-Zuccarini; Stavroula Balabani; Dominik Obrist; Hendrik von Tengg-Kobligk; Bernd Jung (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2025)
Purpose Peripheral arterio-venous malformations (pAVMs) are vascular defects often requiring extensive medical treatment. To improve disease management, hemodynamic markers based on 2D Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) data were previously defined to classify pAVMs. However, DSA offers only 2D information, involves ionizing radiation, and requires intra-arterial intervention. We hypothesized that pAVMs could be classified with the same approach with 3D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR-based data. To this end, the present work aims to develop a computational classification system for pAVMs using 3D dynamic contrast-enhanced MR-based data. Methods A pAVM phantom was imaged using both DSA and MRI to validate the methodology, which was then applied to 10 MR-based in vivo datasets. A semi-automated vessel detection algorithm, based on the standard deviation of each voxel or pixel in time, was used. Classification was performed by identifying the time of arrival (CA ToA ) of contrast agent (CA) and the maximum time derivative of the CA transport in each pixel or voxel (CA si ). Results Normalized CA ToA and CA si histograms showed no significant difference between in vitro DSA and MRI (respectively χ 2 = 0.20, p = 0.65 and χ 2 = 0.21, p = 0.65), validating the methodology to classify pAVMs. CA ToA histograms for type II–IV AVMs derived from in vivo MR-based data aligned with DSA patterns and known hemodynamics. CA ToA histograms of capillary–venulous AVMs were distinct, with non-zero values at later times than other AVM types, representing late venous drainage. Type IV AVMs histograms for CA si were more right-skewed than those derived from types II and III pAVMs. Conclusions MR image quality and temporal resolution are sufficient to allow a classification of pAVMs. This classification method has the potential to become a diagnostic tool for the surgical navigation of pAVMs for clinicians.

High-Fidelity Finite Element Modeling Technique to Improve Sensitivity to Bone Tissue Changes of Older Adults with Obesity undergoing Intensive Lifestyle Intervention - Michael A. K. Liebschner; Daeseung Kim; Nina Klonis; Giulia Gregori; Reina Armamento-Villareal; Clifford Qualls; Dennis T. Villareal (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2025)

Impacts of Climate, Organic Management, and Degradation Status on Soil Biodiversity in Agroecosystems Worldwide - Pablo Sánchez‐Cueto; Martin Hartmann; Laura García‐Velázquez; Beatriz Gozalo; Victoria Ochoa; Giulia Bongiorno; Ron Goede; Melpomeni Zoka; Nikolaos Stathopoulos; Charalampos Kontoes; Luis Daniel Olivares Martinez; Jorge Mataix‐Solera; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2025)
Unsustainable soil management, climate change, and land degradation jeopardize soil biodiversity and soil‐mediated ecosystem functions. Although the transition from conventional to organic agriculture has been proposed as a potential solution to alleviate these pressures, there is limited evidence of its effectiveness in enhancing belowground biodiversity across different biogeographical regions, climates, and land degradation levels. In this study, we holistically assessed the status of soil biodiversity, from microorganisms to meso‐ and macrofauna, in agroecosystems distributed across four continents. We identified the primary environmental community composition drivers and assessed the effects of the transition from conventional to organic management (no chemical inputs) on soil ecology. Our findings highlight the mean temperature and precipitation of the warmest and coldest quarters of the year, aridity, pH, and soil texture as the primary drivers of the different soil biodiversity components. Overall, organic farming has a significant but small impact on soil biodiversity compared to the other community drivers. On top of that, the results demonstrate the importance of a regional‐specific context for a future generalized transition towards organic soil management. Specifically, under the most arid conditions in our study, organic management showed potential to buffer biodiversity loss in highly degraded soils, with a significant increase in diversity for prokaryotes and protists compared to conventionally managed soils. Therefore, the combination of a global and, simultaneously, regional‐specific approach supports the hypothesis that a shift towards organic agriculture would maximize its beneficial impact on belowground diversity in highly degraded soils under arid conditions over the coming years, being a crucial tool to increase resilience and adaptation to global change for agriculture.

Best Oculomotor Endpoints for Clinical Trials in Hereditary Ataxias: A Systematic Review and Consensus by the Ataxia Global Initiative Working Group on Digital‑Motor Biomarkers - Elena Pretegiani; Pilar Garces; Chrystalina A. Antoniades; Anna Sobanska; Norbert Kovacs; Sarah H. Ying; Anoopum S. Gupta; Susan Perlman; David J. Szmulewicz; Chiara Pane; Andrea H. Németh; Laura B. Jardim; et al. (The Cerebellum, 2025)
Oculomotor deficits are common in hereditary cerebellar ataxias (HCAs) and their quantitative assessment offers a sensitive and reliable manner to capture disease-severity and progression. As a group of experts of the Ataxia Global Initiative to support trial readiness, we previously established harmonized methodology for quantitative oculomotor assessments in HCAs. Here, we aimed to identify to most promising oculomotor/vestibular outcomes as endpoints for future trials. Through a systematic MEDLINE search we identified 130 articles reporting oculomotor/vestibular recordings in patients with HCAs. A total of 2,018 subjects were included: 1,776 with genetically-confirmed and 242 with clinically-defined HCAs. Studied diseases included spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) 1/2/3/6/7/27B, episodic ataxia type 2, Friedreich ataxia, RFC1-related ataxia, fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome, cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis, ataxia-telangiectasia, ataxia with oculomotor apraxia types 1&2, and Niemann-Pick disease type C. We identified up to four oculomotor/vestibular outcomes per diagnostic entity, based on their ability to robustly discriminate patients from controls, correlate with disease-severity, detect longitudinal change, and represent different disease stages. For each parameter we provide recommendations for recordings. While the implementation of quantitative assessments into clinical trials offers a unique opportunity to track dysfunction of oculomotor/vestibular networks and to assess the impact of interventions, in some HCAs, endpoint qualification of available outcomes requires further validation to characterize their reliability, sensitivity to change, and minimally important change to patients. For all HCAs for which quantitative data are scarce or lacking, there is an urgent need for prospective studies covering a broader range of oculomotor/vestibular domains as approaching new treatments require harmonized and reliable endpoints.

Quantification of the environmental benefits of the reuse of goods - Mary Jo Floriana Antonia Nichilo; Giulia Cavenago; Mario Grosso; Lucia Rigamonti (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2025)
This paper aims to define a methodology to quantify the environmental impacts associated with the reuse of goods, by developing an ad-hoc model based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Considering an activity that enables the marketing of various used goods, the model is built on a mathematical relationship between the specific environmental impact, number, and weight of each product category. Each specific impact is obtained through an LCA that includes the benefits of reuse considering that this will imply the avoidance of the life cycle of the same good as new. The LCA evaluates thus the first life of a representative good for each product category, whose impacts are “avoided”, and the second life of that good, whose impacts are “additional”. In aggregating these impacts, some factors are introduced, i.e. the level of substitution, and quality and energy performance rates, to reflect the users behaviour and the qualitative characteristics of the reused good. The methodology is then applied to a reuse centre in Italy. Results show that under average conditions, the reuse centre yielded environmental benefits in 5 out of 16 impact categories according to EF 3.1 characterisation method. Assuming different values of the rates would change the outcomes: e.g. a 100% substitution of new with used goods would bring benefits across all 16 impact categories. In conclusion, the research highlights the role of the consumers in ensuring that such a waste prevention activity actually brings environmental benefits.

Towards fiber-to-fiber recycling of synthetic textile wastes: the problem of decolorization - Giulia Gorreta; Cristiano Maesani; Stefano Alini; Marco Blangetti; Cristina Prandi (Waste Management, 2025)

The selective dissolution-precipitation recycling: A review on this alternative approach for the recovery of nylon-based waste materials - Giulia Tonsi; Cristiano Maesani; Marco Aldo Ortenzi; Stefano Alini; Carlo Pirola (Waste Management, 2025)

Tryptophan metabolites are altered when Caco-2 cells are exposed to simulated microgravity - Giulia Tolle; Amalia Di Petrillo; Massimo Claudio Fantini; Gabriele Serreli; Monica Deiana; Giacomo Fais; Nicola Lai; Pierluigi Caboni (Life Sciences in Space Research, 2025)

Lifelong exposure to polystyrene-nanoplastics induces an attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder-like phenotype and impairs brain aging in mice - Anaïs N. Vignon; Gaëlle Dudon; Giulia Oliva; Steeve Thirard; Ugo G. Alenda; Agathe Brugoux; Chantal Cazevieille; Jacques Imbert; Camille Bellières; Sylvain Lehmann; Carole Crozet; Joan Torrent; et al. (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2025)

Cumulative exposure assessment to polychlorinated alkanes (C8–36) to indoor dust from Iranian kindergartens: Occurrence and health risk - Shanshan Yin; Adam Cseresznye; Alicia Macan Schönleben; Stijn Bosschaerts; Fatemeh Rajaei; Reza Dahmardeh Behrooz; Giulia Poma; Xuanchen Liu; Adrian Covaci (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2025)

Development of an integrated hydrothermal liquefaction and wet oxidation process: a pathway for an autothermal biorefinery - Guido Ceragioli; Carolin Eva Schuck; Giulia Zoppi; Giuseppe Pipitone; Konstantinos Anastasakis; Samir Bensaid; Raffaele Pirone; Patrick Biller (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2025)

Exergy loss and optimization in Brazilian urban wastewater treatment: A study of the urban water-exergy-environment nexus - Valtrudes Pereira Franco; Giulia Cruz Lamas; Dario Gerardo Fantini; Mário Benjamim Baptista de Siqueira; Sérgio Botelho de Oliveira; Flamínio Levy Neto; Armando Caldeira-Pires; Edgar A. Silveira (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2025)

Ethnoecology of desert truffles hunting: A cross-cultural comparative study on practices and perceptions in the Mediterranean and the Near East - Mousaab Alrhmoun; Naji Sulaiman; Giulia Mattalia; Hiwa M. Ahmed; Chadi Khatib; Yeter Yeşil Cantürk; Giovanni Zucca; Abdelkader Ammam; Mushtaq Ahmad; Andrea Pieroni (Journal of Arid Environments, 2025)

Interactions between the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans and ants - Massimo Cogliati; Sevim Akçağlar; Okan Tore; Tadeja Matos; Rok Tomazin; Irena Zdovc; Donjeta Pllana-Hajdari; Patricia Escandon; Sara Epis; Giulia Maria Cattaneo; Francesca Serio (Fungal Ecology, 2025)

Microplastic pellets in Arctic marine sediments: a common source or a common process? - France Collard; Ingeborg G. Hallanger; Carolin Philipp; Dorte Herzke; Natascha Schmidt; Ådne Hotvedt; Kristin Galtung; Tom Arne Rydningen; Lucio Litti; Giulia Gentili; Katrine Husum (Environmental Research, 2025)

Source apportionment of PM10 particles in the urban atmosphere using PMF and LPO-XGBoost - Ying Liu; Bowen Jin; Xun Zhang; Xiansheng Liu; Tao Wang; Vy Ngoc Thuy Dinh; Jean-Luc Jaffrezo; Gaëlle Uzu; Pamela Dominutti; Sophie Darfeuil; Olivier Favez; Sébastien Conil; et al. (Environmental Research, 2025)

Sustainable beekeeping: The impact of organic molecules on honey bee health and apiculture - Matías D. Maggi; Giulia A. Mitton (Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2025)

Mesophotic banks of Dendrophyllia ramea offshore Marzamemi (Sicily, Ionian Sea): a habitat classification model - Valentina Alice Bracchi; Luca Marino; Verena Voulaz; Alessandra Savini; Luca Fallati; Andrea Giulia Varzi; Pietro Bazzicalupo; Daniela Basso (Continental Shelf Research, 2025)

Occurrence of pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in feces of wild mammals from a National Park in Central Italy - Fabrizio Bertelloni; Giulia Cagnoli; Maria Irene Pacini; Valeria Russini; Maria Laura De Marchis; Teresa Bossù; Valentina Virginia Ebani (Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2025)

Enhancing biodiversity and functionality of extensive green roof: A comparative study of five native Mediterranean perennial species in Rome - Amii Bellini; Flavia Bartoli; Luca D'Amato; Roberto Casalini; Giulia Caneva (Building and Environment, 2025)

The Antioxidant Tetrapeptide Epitalon Enhances Delayed Wound Healing in an in Vitro Model of Diabetic Retinopathy - Marco Gatta; Melania Dovizio; Cristina Milillo; Anna Giulia Ruggieri; Michele Sallese; Ivana Antonucci; Aleksandr Trofimov; Vladimir Khavinson; Svetlana Trofimova; Annalisa Bruno; Patrizia Ballerini (Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 2025)

Deregulated mRNA and microRNA Expression Patterns in the Prefrontal Cortex of the BTBR Mouse Model of Autism - Catherine Mooney; Andrea Parlante; Giulia Canarutto; Andrea Grigoli; Maria Luisa Scattoni; Laura Ricceri; Eva Maria Jimenez-Mateos; Amaya Sanz-Rodriguez; Elena Clementi; Silvano Piazza; David C. Henshall; Giovanni Provenzano (Molecular Neurobiology, 2025)
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Since no single gene variant accounts for more than 1% of the cases, the converging actions of ASD-related genes and other factors, including microRNAs (miRNAs), may contribute to ASD pathogenesis. To date, few studies have simultaneously investigated the mRNA and miRNA profiles in an ASD-relevant model. The BTBR mouse strain displays a range of behaviors with ASD-like features but little is known about the protein-coding and noncoding gene expression landscape that may underlie the ASD-like phenotype. Here we performed parallel mRNA and miRNA profiling using the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of BTBR and C57BL/6 J (B6) mice. This identified 1063 differentially expressed genes and 48 differentially expressed miRNAs. Integration of mRNA and miRNA data identified a strong inverse relationship between upregulated (DEGs) and downregulated miRNAs, and vice versa. Pathway analysis, taking account of the inverse relationship between differentially expressed miRNAs and their target mRNAs highlighted significant shared enrichment in immune signaling, myelination, and neurodevelopmental processes. Notably, miRNA changes were predicted to affect synapse-related functions but we did not find enrichment of protein-coding genes linked to cellular components or biological processes related to synapses in the PFC of BTBR mice, indicating processes may evade miRNA control. In contrast, other miRNAs were predicted to have extensive relationships with DEGs suggesting their role as potential hub coordinators of gene expression. Profiling findings were confirmed via qRT-PCR for representative protein-coding transcripts and miRNAs. Our study underscores the complex interplay between gene expression and miRNA regulation within immune and inflammatory pathways in the BTBR model, offering insights into the neurodevelopmental mechanisms of ASD. These results support the value of the BTBR mouse model and identify strategies that could adjust molecular pathways for therapeutic applications in ASD research.

Tuscan Archipelago National Park: preservation and valorization of local landraces of Brassica and Phaseolus species - Lorella Andreani; Andrea Venturini; Giulia Spada; Giovanna Amorosi; Giuliana Gillone; Carolina Maria Miarelli; Fabiano Camangi; Agostino Stefani; Chiara Delogu (Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2025)

The virulence toolkit of Staphylococcus aureus: a comprehensive review of toxin diversity, molecular mechanisms, and clinical implications - Stefano Di Bella; Bruna Marini; Giacomo Stroffolini; Nicholas Geremia; Daniele Roberto Giacobbe; Floriana Campanile; Michele Bartoletti; Giulia Alloisio; Ludovica Di Risio; Giulia Viglietti; Luigi Principe; Venera Costantino; et al. (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2025)
Purpose This review examines the pathogenic mechanisms of Staphylococcus aureus , emphasizing its toxin-driven virulence factors, including pore-forming toxins, exfoliative toxins, and superantigens. Methods This paper was conducted using the available literature (PubMed/MEDLINE/Google Scholar and books written by experts in pharmacology and infectious diseases). Results Toxins are crucial in promoting tissue invasion, immune system evasion, and the development of systemic diseases. Notably, the qualitative and quantitative expression of these toxins influences the clinical presentation and severity of S. aureus infections. The paper explores toxins’ role in S. aureus pathogenesis and clinical manifestations as well as current and emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting these toxins, including antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, and anti-inflammatory treatments. Additionally, it highlights the potential of novel inhibitors and vaccines to neutralize specific toxins and prevent toxin-mediated diseases. Conclusion By combining antimicrobial therapies with approaches that neutralize toxins and modulate the immune response, clinicians can improve outcomes in patients affected by S. aureus infections.

Attitudes, barriers, and facilitators toward tools supporting appropriate prescribing among healthcare professionals: a cross-sectional study - Monia Donati; Valentina Giunchi; Giulia Grillini; Marco Domenicali; Maria Lia Lunardelli; Veronica Pasini; Susy Milandri; Monica Mussoni; Fabio Pieraccini; Elisa Sangiorgi; Emanuel Raschi; Valentina Colonnello; et al. (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2025)
Purpose Potentially inappropriate prescriptions are associated with an increased risk of drug-drug interactions, adverse events, and unfavorable clinical outcomes, especially in older adults. Although different tools to improve appropriate prescribing have been developed to support healthcare professionals, their application and the barriers to their use remain insufficiently explored. This study aimed to assess Italian healthcare professionals’ knowledge of these tools and identify obstacles to their adoption. Methods The study used a purposefully designed questionnaire to assess knowledge, adoption, and barriers related to appropriateness tools. The tools included were identified through a literature review and subsequently refined via expert consensus. Open-ended responses were analyzed using a conventional content analysis approach, and the analyses focused on differences across professional groups. Results The survey collected 657 responses from pharmacists (35%), nurses (26%), general practitioners (22%), geriatricians/internists (9%), and other physicians (8%). The Beers and STOPP/START criteria were used by 38% and 34% of participants, respectively, with geriatricians and other physicians being the primary users. Additionally, 34% of participants reported using specific software integrated into their institutional computer systems. Among 294 respondents identifying barriers to appropriate prescribing, the most common were lack of time (14%), lack of knowledge (10%), and accessibility/costs of digital tools (8%). Key facilitators included specific training (38%), integrated software/apps (29%), and more time with patients (11%). Conclusions The adoption of tools supporting appropriate prescribing remains limited among healthcare professionals in Italy, with significant differences among professionals. Policymakers and healthcare institutions should focus on education, interprofessional collaboration, and user-friendly digital solutions to improve prescribing process and patient safety.

Pure and mixed Scots pine forests showed divergent responses to climate variation and increased intrinsic water use efficiency across a European-wide climate gradient - Shebeshe Assefa; Maurizio Ventura; Felipe Bravo; Giulia Silvia Giberti; Jorge Olivar; Kamil Bielak; Giustino Tonon; Camilla Wellstein (European Journal of Forest Research, 2025)
The present study examined Pinus sylvestris L. growth responses to climatic variations and its relationship with intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) across a water availability gradient and also in pure P. sylvestris and P. sylvestris -Quercus species mixed forests. Study sites were selected in the Mediterranean, temperate, and temperate continental climates in Spain, Italy, and Poland, respectively. A combined tree-ring dendrochronological and stable carbon isotope analysis was used to assess the relationship between tree growth and climate variation. Results showed that P. sylvestris growth is critically affected by summer water availability, regardless of study site and species mixing. Warming temperatures during the early growing season benefit tree growth in Mediterranean and temperate continental climates, while no significant effect was observed in the temperate climatic conditions. At the Mediterranean site, trees in mixed stands showed enhanced growth during wet years when moisture is not limiting. At the temperate continental site, trees in the mixed stand grew at a lower rate than those in pure stands, which suggests that intense interspecific competition for water could overwhelm the benefits of species mixing. Also, we found a divergent growth-iWUE relationship of non-significant and significantly positive and significantly negative correlations at the Polish, Italian, and Spanish sites, respectively. Overall, the negative growth-iWUE relationship at the drier Mediterranean site signifies the risk of tree growth decline, particularly in drier climate conditions. Despite that, elevated iWUE levels would benefit tree radial growth when water is not limited and the admixing tree species have compatible light and water use strategies.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons skin exposure among coke workers and skin cancer correlation: local data bank and case study - Lodovica Gariazzo; Giulia Gasparini; Emanuele Cozzani; Alessio Signori; Antonio Genova; Gianluca Damonte; Annalisa Salis; Mirko Benvenuti; Viola Lavagna; Aurora Parodi (Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2025)

Effects of GM1 ganglioside and its derivatives on ETI-rescued F508del-CFTR maturation and host-pathogen interactions in cystic fibrosis bronchial cells - Dorina Dobi; Alessandro Rimessi; Nicoletta Loberto; Laura Mauri; Rosaria Bassi; Elena Chiricozzi; Debora Olioso; Giulia Pellielo; Paolo Pinton; Valentino Bezzerri; Giulio Cabrini; Giuseppe Lippi; et al. (Glycoconjugate Journal, 2025)

GM1 oligosaccharide-mediated rescue in GBA-linked Parkinson’s disease via modulation of lysosomal and mitochondrial dysfunctions - Giulia Lunghi; Carola Pedroli; Ilaria Tagliabue; Dorina Dobi; Maria Grazia Ciampa; Laura Mauri; Laura Rouvière; Alexandre Henriques; Noelle Callizot; Sandro Sonnino; Elena Chiricozzi; Maria Fazzari (Glycoconjugate Journal, 2025)

The TreeChill model: A new framework for predicting the impact of erratic winter weather on trees - Paula Guzmán-Delgado; Emily Santos; Mohammad Yaghmour; Emilio A. Laca; Kari Arnold; Amrit Pokhrel; Kosana Suvočarev; Mohamed Nouri; Katherine Jarvis-Shean; Louise Ferguson; Aileen Salas; Daniel Ruiz; et al. (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2025)

Disentangling the effects of climate change in a mountain lake through community structure analysis - Giulia Bertoletti; Marco Scotti; Giampaolo Rossetti; Antonio Bodini (Limnology and Oceanography, 2025)
Pressures of climate change may trigger regime shifts in ecosystems. Identifying signs of these pressures before the critical transition remains challenging, and it could be useful to anticipate the regime shift. In this research, while exploiting the case of a lacustrine ecosystem, which passed from an unvegetated, phytoplankton‐dominated state to a macrophyte‐dominated regime, we analyzed the role of warming as a slow driver when far from the regime shift. To this end, we combined the analysis of the time series of the driver of pressure and of the response variables with the qualitative analysis of the lake community food web structure. Predictions obtained about the response of plankton populations to simulated press perturbations due to warming were consistent with observed variation in their levels of abundance, confirming that warming was a slow driver and unveiling the mechanistic basis of its effects. This case study suggests a novel approach to interpret early changes in ecosystems subjected to slow drivers of pressure, extending the toolkit beyond the analysis of statistical signature and manipulative experiments. Climatic variations gradually alter the external conditions that ecosystems face, and the approach presented here could help monitor their responses to climate change.

A validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantification of Brazilian green propolis main compounds - Mário Ferreira Conceição Santos; Giulia Stavrakas Mirada; Joice Olinda do Couto; Gilvana de Oliveira Costa; Ana Carla Rangel Rosa; Carly Henrique Gambeta Borges; Eduardo José Crevelin; Luciana Silva de Araújo; Jairo K. Bastos; Rodrigo C. S. Veneziani; Sérgio R. Ambrósio (Natural Product Research, 2025)

Outdoor light at night and neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia - Manuela Tondelli; Tommaso Filippini; Giulia Vinceti; Najara Iacovino; Teresa Urbano; Sofia Costanzini; Francesca Despini; Claudia De Luca; Simona Tondelli; Marco Vinceti; Annalisa Chiari; Giovanna Zamboni (GeroScience, 2025)
There is growing interest about the relation between exposure to artificial light at night (LAN) and mental health. This study aims, for the first time, to explore the association between LAN exposure and neuropsychiatric symptoms in individuals with dementia, investigating its role as a potential environmental risk factor. We collected data about 150 patients with dementia in Modena, Italy. We assessed LAN exposure using satellite imagery, while neuropsychiatric symptoms were evaluated through the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), a caregiver-administered questionnaire measuring the presence and severity of psychiatric symptoms. We used logistic regression models to examine associations between LAN exposure and neuropsychiatric features. Higher LAN exposure was associated with increased risk of psychiatric symptoms, particularly in the domains of psychosis and sleep disturbances. Specifically, individuals exposed to LAN levels above the median (LAN median = 26.32 nW/cm 2 /sr) demonstrated an elevated risk of delusions, hallucinations, and sleep disturbances (OR = 2.09, 95% CI 0.03–4.25), compared to those in the “below the median” category. Associations with other symptom domains, such as apathy and affective disturbances, showed weaker associations. Our findings indicate that artificial nighttime light exposure may negatively impact the mental well-being of individuals with dementia, potentially exacerbating psychotic symptoms and sleep disturbances. However, caution is warranted when interpreting these results due to the limited sample size and the possibility of unexamined residual confounding.

Effects of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal/stem cells-derived conditioned medium and platelet-rich plasma on in vitro induced equine endometrial inflammation - Chiara Del Prete; Giulia Gaspari; Michal Andrzej Kosior; Barbara Merlo; Eleonora Iacono; Consiglia Longobardi; Nicola Antonio Martino; Maria Elena Dell’Aquila; Sara Damiano; Natascia Cocchia; Bianca Gasparrini; Anna Lange-Consiglio (Theriogenology, 2025)

Not only corals: seagrass bleaching in the eastern Mediterranean - Patrizia Stipcich; Carmen Arena; Giulia Ceccherelli; Rosa Donadio; Carlos Jimenez; Gabriella La Manna; Vasilis Resaikos; Ermenegilda Vitale; Simonetta Fraschetti (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

The fruits of data shepherding: A collection of open FAIR datasets for titanium dioxide coated photocatalytic surfaces - Irini Furxhi; Massimo Perucca; Giovanni Baldi; Valentina Dami; Andrea Cioni; Antti Joonas Koivisto; Rossella Bengalli; Paride Mantecca; Giulia Motta; Marie Carriere; Ozge Kose; Alessia Nicosia; et al. (NanoImpact, 2025)

Impact of processing methods on the rheological and mineral profiles of end products from traditional and novel durum wheat (Triticum turgidum spp. durum) genotypes - Giulia Quagliata; Cristina Cecchini; Alessandro Cammerata; Francesco Sestili; Stefania Astolfi (Journal of Cereal Science, 2025)

The effect of endocrine disruptors on the cardiovascular system: does sex matter? - Maria Rita Assenza; Giulia Gaggi; Andrea Di Credico; Barbara Ghinassi; Federica Barbagallo (Environmental Research, 2025)

Assessing the resilience of the coralline macroalga Ellisolandia elongata in response to a prolonged low tide - Rosa Donadio; Ermenegilda Vitale; Giulia Costanzo; Luca Licciardi; Erika Fabbrizzi; Simonetta Fraschetti; Carmen Arena (Environmental Research, 2025)

Hair analysis as a non-invasive method for assessing the exposure of wildlife to per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) - Marco Picone; Simone Marangoni; Giulia Silan; Annamaria Volpi Ghirardini; Rossano Piazza; Tiziano Bonato (Environmental Pollution, 2025)

Developing a principal components model of indoor smellscape perception in office buildings - Giulia Torriani; Rossano Albatici; Francesco Babich; Massimo Vescovi; Massimiliano Zampini; Simone Torresin (Building and Environment, 2025)

Plant-human interactions: from pristine forest to Bronze Age farming—vegetation history and depositional processes off-shore the lake dwelling of Lavagnone, N-Italy - Renata Perego; Giulia Furlanetto; Marta Rapi; Cesare Ravazzi (Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2025)

Trace Element and Organohalogen Compound Contamination in the Supraglacial Debris of Italian Glaciers - Marco Parolini; Arianna Crosta; Beatrice De Felice; Viviana Minolfi; Francesca Pittino; Riccardo Scotti; Giulia Liguori; Jan Pachner; Andrea Franzetti; Roberto Ambrosini (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2025)

High resolution neutron tomography as non-invasive tool for the study of a filigree from the Medieval Chiaravalle Cross - Luisa Vigorelli; Filomena Salvemini; Giulia Marcucci; Costanza Cucini; Daniela Di Martino; Maria Pia Riccardi (Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2025)

Dating the Middle Palaeolithic of Fumane Cave by the combined ESR/U‐series method - Christophe Falguères; Giulia Gruppioni; Jean Jacques Bahain; Jean Michel Dolo; Marco Peresani (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2025)
Fumane Cave, located in Northern Italy, is a major prehistoric site for understanding late Neandertal and early modern human behaviours. The cave contains a 12‐m‐thick stratigraphic sequence of Middle and Upper Palaeolithic layers, which have yielded a number of flint artefacts and faunal remains. The upper part of the stratigraphic sequence is well‐dated using radiocarbon analysis, placing the last Middle Palaeolithic occupations at ca. 44–45 ka cal BP and the first Upper Palaeolithic occupations (Uluzzian and Aurignacian) after around 43 ka cal BP. However, the lower part of the stratigraphic sequence remains less well‐documented chronologically. Previous thermoluminescence (TL) dating placed the entire sequence within the last climatic cycle, following the last Interglacial stage (MIS 5e). In this study, we present a revised chronology for the Middle Palaeolithic levels at Fumane Cave, based on combined Electronic Spin Resonance/Uranium (ESR/U)‐series dating of herbivorous teeth spanning much of the sequence. Our results diverge from earlier TL data, indicating that the oldest layers date to MIS 7–6 (units S9–S3) and MIS 6–5 (units BR12–BR9). For the late Mousterian (units A11–A4) and the Upper Palaeolithic (unit A2), recalculated ages using new in situ gamma measurements align with existing radiocarbon and TL dates. However, our findings highlight the methodological challenges of applying ESR/U‐series dating to samples younger than 50 ka, particularly in heterogeneous layers. These new results suggest that Middle Palaeolithic occupations at Fumane Cave spanned over 200 ka, covering the two most recent climatic cycles. This extended temporal framework parallels that of San Bernardino cave, another key site in Northern Italy, and underscores the prolonged presence of Levallois technology in the region.

MRI-guided stereotactic radiotherapy for oligometastatic peritoneal carcinomatosis: toward integrative oncologic approaches - Angela Romano; Giuditta Chiloiro; Luca Boldrini; Giulia Panza; Ilaria Castanò; Maura Campitelli; Isabella Costamagna; Irene Moretti; Matteo Nardini; Marco Valerio Antonelli; Claudio Votta; Lorenzo Placidi; et al. (Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 2025)

Exposure to environmental concentrations of 4-n-nonylphenol: impacts on oxidative stress in guppy (Poecilia vivipara) - Giulia de Souza Brocardo; Clei Endrigo Piazza; Jacó Joaquim Mattos; Miguel Saldaña-Serrano; Diego José Nogueira; Afonso Celso Dias Bainy (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2025)

Isolated Generalized Chorea in a Patient with Small-Expanded Allele Spinocerebellar Ataxia 17 - Giulia Paparella; Martina De Riggi; Simone Aloisio; Adriana Martini; Luca Angelini; Daniele Birreci; Davide Costa; Antonio Cannavacciuolo; Anna Maria Griguoli; Stefano Gambardella; Matteo Bologna (The Cerebellum, 2025)

Evaluating the feasibility of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) for the sea cucumber Holothuria sanctori with finfish and shellfish - Mohammad Magdy; Massimo Rampacci; Davide Pensa; Luca Grosso; Giulia Papini; Daniele Ventura; Laura Ciriminna; Alessandra Fianchini; Salvatrice Vizzini; Arnold Rakaj (Aquaculture, 2025)

Effect of simulated prolonged heat wave on biometric performance and HSP70 synthesis in the striped venus clam Chamelea gallina - Antonina De Marco; Vito Antonio Baldassarro; Maura Cescatti; Marzia Moretti; Laura Calzà; Luciana Giardino; Francesco Dondi; Maria Giulia Ferrari; Pier Paolo Gatta; Luca Parma; Alessio Bonaldo (Aquaculture, 2025)

Mutual gaze and facial mimicry as drivers of shared engagement in macaque play fighting - Luca Pedruzzi; Giulia Facondini; Simone Aere; Martin Böye; Alban Lemasson; Elisabetta Palagi (Animal Behaviour, 2025)

Tireless travellers: sea turtles swim continuously during homing movements - Paolo Luschi; Giulia Cerritelli; Alessia Biondi; Riccardo Costanzi; Yakup Kaska; Dogan Sözbilen; Graeme C. Hays; Paolo Casale (Animal Behaviour, 2025)

Street-level surface and air temperatures in the Urban Center of Málaga, Spain - Daniel Jato-Espino; Francisco Tomatis; Giulia Forestieri; Monica Pena (Urban Climate, 2025)

Diode Laser Epiglottidectomy (DLE) for management of epiglottic disease in 35 dogs - Davide De Lorenzi; Chiara Mantovani; Giulia Maggi; Enrico Bottero; Maria C. Marchesi (The Veterinary Journal, 2025)

Symmetric and asymmetric dimethylarginines in healthy and colic horses - Francesca Bindi; Irene Nocera; Valentina Meucci; Giorgia Vallesi; Giulia Sala; Alessandro Spadari; Riccardo Rinnovati; Francesca Bonelli; Micaela Sgorbini (Research in Veterinary Science, 2025)

Paleoenvironmental changes and sea-level fluctuations record at Punta de s’Avançada, Mallorca Island - Federica Perazzotti; Laura del Valle; Giulia Cossu; Vincenzo Pascucci; Joan J. Fornós (Quaternary International, 2025)

Low-cost hydrogen sulfide removal with biochar and activated biochar - Andreas Dyreborg Martin; Giulia Ravenni; Tobias Pape Thomsen (Next Research, 2025)

The effects of thermal conditions and canopy density on Posidonia oceanica seedlings: implications for future seagrass restoration - Patrizia Stipcich; Arianna Pansini; Roberto Rubattu; Giulia Ceccherelli (Marine Environmental Research, 2025)

Comprehensive assessment of matrix effects in metallomics: Evaluating 27 metals in serum, heparine-plasma-, EDTA-plasma and citrate-plasma by ICP-MS analysis - Giulia Guerra; Elisabetta Venturelli; Alessio Polymeropoulos; Francesco Segrado; Daniele Morelli; Sabina Rinaldi; Claudia Agnoli; Sabina Sieri (Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 2025)

Polyphenol adsorption and recovery from olive mill wastewater: A model reduction-based optimization and economic assessment - Elisa Girometti; Dario Frascari; Davide Pinelli; Vittorio Di Federico; Giulia Libero; Valentina Ciriello (Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2025)

Narrowing the ecological yield gap to sustain crop yields with less inputs - Martin K. van Ittersum; João Vasco Silva; Riccardo Bommarco; Renske Hijbeek; Ola Lundin; Romain Nandillon; Göran Bergkvist; Alexander Menegat; Ingrid Öborn; Annika Söderholm-Emas; Frederick L. Stoddard; Giulia Vico; et al. (Global Food Security, 2025)

Economic assessment of natural gas hydrate upgrading under experimental conditions - Salvatore F. Cannone; Giulia Pedio; Andrea Lanzini; Massimo Santarelli (Gas Science and Engineering, 2025)

Lichen hydration, moisture dynamics and climate change: A synthesis of established methods and potential new directions - Giulia Canali; Pilar Hurtado; Paolo Giordani; Christopher Ellis (Fungal Biology Reviews, 2025)

Targeted metabolomics for quantitative assessment of polyphenols and methylxanthines in fermented and unfermented cocoa beans from 18 genotypes of the Brazilian Amazon - Giulia Victória Silva Lima; Fábio Gomes Moura; Sébastien Gofflot; Anne Suellen Oliveira Pinto; Jesus Nazareno Silva de Souza; Vincent Baeten; Hervé Rogez (Food Research International, 2025)

The effects of cutting season on stump mortality and resprouting in southern European Sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) coppices - Davide Vecchio; Alessia Bono; Giulia Resente; Luca Musio; Roberta Berretti; Davide Ascoli; Paolo Camerano; Pier Giorgio Terzuolo; Renzo Motta (Forest Ecology and Management, 2025)

Metabolite content and antioxidant potential of blood oranges as affected by rootstock - Giulia Modica; Luana Pulvirenti; Tonia Strano; Stefano La Malfa; Alessandra Gentile; Carmelo Drago; Alberto Continella; Laura Siracusa (Food Chemistry, 2025)

Dietary exposure and risk assessment of the Swedish general adult population to organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers: A food market basket study - Fatima den Ouden; Alicia Macan Schönleben; Shanshan Yin; Irina Gyllenhammar; Helena Bjermo; Adrian Covaci; Giulia Poma (Food Control, 2025)

Freshwater fish community assessment using eDNA metabarcoding vs. capture-based methods: Differences in efficiency and resolution coupled to habitat and ecology - Manuel Curto; Sofia Batista; Carlos D. Santos; Filipe Ribeiro; Sofia Nogueira; Diogo Ribeiro; Benjamin Prindle; Daniel Licari; Giulia Riccioni; Diogo Dias; Francisco Pina-Martins; Sissel Jentoft; et al. (Environmental Research, 2025)

Multi-matrix approach to microplastic pollution in the bivalve Donax trunculus, sediment and water along the Mediterranean coasts - Silvia Secco; Giulia Cesarini; Luca Gallitelli; Giuseppe Suaria; Andrea Paluselli; Michael Di Gioacchino; Armida Sodo; Massimiliano Scalici (Environmental Pollution, 2025)

Thermocatalytic methane pyrolysis over iron-based catalysts for turquoise hydrogen production: activity and kinetic studies - Piercosimo Vedele; Enrico Sartoretti; Giulia Torretti; Chiara Novara; Fabio Salomone; Fabrizio Giorgis; Massimiliano Antonini; Samir Bensaid (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025)

Enzymes targeting distinct hydrolysis blind-spots of thermal and biological pre-treatments significantly uplift biogas production - Nasreen Nasar; Giulia Pizzagalli; Frederic Coulon; Yadira Bajón-Fernández (Bioresource Technology, 2025)

A Novel Methodology for Evaluating Urban Surface Overheating and Its Impact on Pedestrians' Radiative Heat Exposure using Infrared Thermography - Giulia Lamberti; Davide Della Vista; Francesco Leccese; Giacomo Salvadori (Building and Environment, 2025)

Past present: Extinction debt of forest mammals from urban areas - Leonardo Ancillotto; Giulia Guerri; Paolo Agnelli; Laura Bonora; Martino Maggioni; Marco Morabito; Emiliano Mori (Biological Conservation, 2025)