Canine environmental health: An EPA blind spot? Canine physiology, environmental exposure, and the regulatory gap in U.S. policy - Edward J. Calabrese (Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2026)

Holocene development and climatic sensitivity of an Amazonian peatland pole forest: Nueva York, Peru - Christine M. Åkesson; Katherine H. Roucoux; Arnoud Boom; Greta C. Dargie; Jhon del Aguila-Pasquel; Gerardo Flores; Pauline Gulliver; William Hiles; Timothy R. Baker; Frederick C. Draper; Adam Hastie; Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado; et al. (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2026)

Miocene flood basalts in NW Spitsbergen: Emplacement environment and Arctic paleoclimate context - Maria Telmon; Sten- Andreas Grundvåg; Kim Senger; Sverre Planke; Rafael Kenji Horota; Peter Betlem; Dmitrii Zastrozhnov; Alexander Minakov; Benjamin Edwards; Kasia K. Sliwinska; Matthew J. Pound; Andrea Di Capua (Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2026)

Antimony speciation and its environmental impact: A comparative analysis across contaminated sites - Yidan Zhang; Maxim I. Boyanov; Edward J. O'Loughlin; Kenneth M. Kemner; Yun Seo Jang; Kanghyun Park; Man Jae Kwon (Environmental Pollution, 2026)

Beyond the dung heap: the reliability of spores of the ascomycete fungal genus Sporormiella (incl. Preussia) as a proxy indicator of dung and grazing animals - David L. Hawksworth; Patricia E.J. Wiltshire; K. Anupama; M.B. Govinda Rajulu; N. Thirunavukkarasu; S. Prasad; Kevin J. Edwards; T.S. Suryanarayanan (Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2026)

Exploring Holocene non-pollen palynomorph data from the Isle of Mull, Scottish Inner Hebrides: Ecological harmonisation and taphonomic complexity - Kevin J. Edwards; James B. Innes; J. Edward Schofield; Heather Sugden; Jeff J. Blackford (Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2026)

Adaptive Variation Amid High Gene Flow Across a Broad Latitudinal Gradient in the Reef‐Building Honeycomb Worm, Sabellaria alveolata - Edward J. Wilson; Antony M. Knights; Louise B. Firth; Charlotte Corporeau; Amelia Curd; Stanislas F. Dubois; Fernando P. Lima; Rui Seabra; Flavia L. D. Nunes (Molecular Ecology, 2026)
Climate change is already altering, and will continue to reshape, the persistence and spatial structure of marine populations. Understanding metapopulation connectivity and local adaptation is therefore critical for identifying both vulnerable populations and those with adaptive resilience. We applied a seascape genomics approach to investigate connectivity patterns and adaptive responses in the honeycomb worm, Sabellaria alveolata —an intertidal ecosystem engineer that supports high biodiversity and provides essential ecological functions. A total of 286 individuals from 17 sites spanning the entire latitudinal range were genotyped to assess population structure and local adaptation. Outlier analyses (BayeScan and OutFlank) identified six adaptive and 2117 neutral SNPs. Neutral SNP analysis revealed low to moderate genetic differentiation, indicating well‐connected populations. Admixture with possible ancestral gene pools in Southern Edge and Biscay populations suggests the persistence of unique genetic diversity. While connectivity is likely driven by natural larval dispersal, human‐mediated transport resulting from support vessels, aquaculture, marine debris and expanding offshore and coastal infrastructure may also facilitate gene flow, shaping observed genetic patterns. Despite this high connectivity, we detected genetic signatures of adaptation to temperature, salinity and net primary productivity, with adaptive SNPs linked to genes involved in molecular and physiological responses to these environmental factors. Our findings suggest that S. alveolata is likely resilient to climate change and other anthropogenic pressures, making it a valuable model for investigating the genetic and physiological underpinnings of marine population resilience.

Triploid sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) display marked inhibition of female reproductive development and female skewed sex ratios through sex reversal of genotypic males - Jamie L. Mankiewicz; Edward S. Hayman; William T. Fairgrieve; J. Adam Luckenbach (Aquaculture, 2026)

Life cycle assessment shows admixtures support high-performance low-carbon LC3 concrete - Pippa Edwards; Sébastien Dhers; Rupert J. Myers (Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2026)

Investigation of paleoseismic deposits in Jackson Lake, WY associated with the far afield 1959 Mw 7.2 Hebgen Lake earthquake (MT, USA) - Samuel J. Whitehead; Kevin M. Yeager; Michael M. McGlue; J. Ryan Thigpen; Kimberly J. Schindler; Edward W. Woolery (Sedimentary Geology, 2026)

Corrigendum to “Mapping long-term soil organic carbon stocks across the conterminous United States with machine learning” [Environ Res. 306 (2026) 125271] - Hannah J. Rubin; Xinxin Zhang; Joshua S. Fu; T. Edward Yu (Environmental Research, 2026)

Mapping long-term soil organic carbon stocks across the conterminous United States with machine learning - Hannah J. Rubin; Xinxin Zhang; Joshua S. Fu; T. Edward Yu (Environmental Research, 2026)

Hormetic effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on ecologically relevant animal models: Generality, quantitative features, and risk assessment implications - Edward J. Calabrese; Peter Pressman; A. Wallace Hayes; Evgenios Agathokleous; Rachna Kapoor; Vittorio Calabrese; Tao Sun; Gaurav Dhawan (Environmental Pollution, 2026)

Hormesis in biomedical and toxicological models: A generalizable phenomenon induced by per- and polyfluoroalkyl agents - Edward J. Calabrese; Peter Pressman; A. Wallace Hayes; Evgenios Agathokleous; Rachna Kapoor; Vittorio Calabrese; Tao Sun; Gaurav Dhawan (Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2026)

Restoration of a Mid-Atlantic Coastal Bay Scallop Population (Argopecten irradians) - Richard A. Snyder; Rebecca T. Smith; Darian M. Kelley; Sean Fate; Robert J. Orth; Bowdoin Lusk; Christopher J. Patrick; Stacy A. Krueger-Hadfield; Jan McDowell; Fredrick C. Holbert; John C. Lewis; John P. Richardson; et al. (Estuaries and Coasts, 2026)
We have attempted to re-establish bay scallops to the Virginia, U.S.A. coastal bays and document the dynamics of the restoration effort. Bay scallops ( Argopecten irradians ) once flourished in the eelgrass ( Zostera marina ) of the Virginia coastal bays. Eelgrass wasting disease led to declines, and both eelgrass and scallops were completely lost after a 1933 hurricane. The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) led a successful eelgrass restoration effort beginning in 1997, with eelgrass beds expanding at 204 ha per year since 2012 and covering over 4,800 ha in 2025. From 2009 to 2025, bay scallops were brought in from North Carolina, New York, and Florida to the VIMS Eastern Shore Laboratory (VIMS ESL) in Wachapreague, VA and used to raise bay scallops for restoration. Progeny were released to the eelgrass beds and held in spawning cages. Annual census data documented low and fluctuating scallop densities from 2012 to 2018. From 2019 to 2025, we have observed continued exponential growth with a current (2024–2025) specific growth rate of µ = 0.468 year − 1 and a population doubling time of 1.48 years. The carrying capacity of the system for the new Virginia bay scallop population remains unknown with the population still in the exponential growth phase. In 2025 the annual census documented an average density of 0.114 scallops m − 2 and maximum recorded local density within 50 m − 2 sampling stations of 0.52 scallops m − 2 . Aggregation within the population was anticipated as necessary for reproductive success and was observed in population data with increasing density.

Processes affecting pollution fluxes during the coastal erosion of legacy colliery wastes - Ian T. Burke; Sebastian J. Pitman; James Hodson; Lin Niu; Fatmah Mohammed; Jenni Ilari Skakunova; Alex L. Riley; Catherine J. Gandy; Elliot Whitehead; Karen A. Hudson-Edwards; Elin Jennings; Helen Jay; et al. (Applied Geochemistry, 2026)

Addressing Bias in Non‐Probability Fisheries Surveys Using Multilevel Regression and Poststratification Approaches - Zachary Radford; Wendy Edwards; Samantha Hook; Bridgid Bell; Rebecca Mills; Grace Farrell; Martin J. Genner; Stephen D. Simpson; Kieran Hyder (Fish and Fisheries, 2026)
Quantifying harvest of fish stocks is challenging as census data are often unavailable, so surveys are required. Traditional probability‐based surveys use random sampling to obtain representative data that can be scaled to estimate total impact. However, these surveys are costly, so cheaper, non‐probability, citizen science surveys of self‐selected participants are becoming commonplace. Respondents in these surveys may not be representative and inclusion probabilities are unknown, making weighting difficult. This resembles exit polls, which successfully predict election outcomes using Multi‐level Regression and Post‐stratification (MRP), but this has not been tested in fisheries. This study applied MRP to quantify UK recreational sea angling (RSA) participation and catches using data from the UK Sea Angling Diary Project. This represents a ‘worst‐case’ scenario, as there is no sampling frame and no mandatory reporting. Five Bayesian multi‐level models were fitted to two survey datasets: one quantifying participation and days fished, and another location, numbers, and weight of fish caught. Predictions were post‐stratified using UK census data. Estimates from the traditional reweighting and MRP were compared, and a simulation approach was used to assess the accuracy and precision of the two methods. MRP reduced self‐selection bias and improved estimates in under‐represented groups, producing a 40% and 61% improvement for participation and catch, respectively. Average annual UK RSA participation was estimated to be 688,000 anglers, with 6.1 million days fished. Annual catch estimates were 32.4 million fish, weighing 14,876 t. This study demonstrates the value of MRP for reducing bias when analysing and scaling non‐probabilistically collected survey data.

Cyanide-Triggered Fluorescence Turn-On in an Indole-Based Chemodosimeter - V. Raju; J. Edward Jeyakumar; Gujuluva Gangatharan Vinoth Kumar; Anil Kumar Thandlam; Baburao Gaddala; S. Ayyanaar; Anjaneyulu Mamindla (Journal of Fluorescence, 2026)

Reaction-Induced Fluorescence Switching of an Indole-Based Schiff Base for Selective Cyanide Sensing - Dadapeer Doddamani; Anil Kumar Thandlam; Gujuluva Gangatharan Vinoth Kumar; Padmesh Medesety; Baburao Gaddala; J. Edward Jeyakumar (Journal of Fluorescence, 2026)

Regional oceanographic controls on water column nitrogen fixation in northern Australian waters - Douglas G. Capone; Ajit Subramaniam; Yubin Raut; Joseph P. Montoya; Margaret R. Mulholland; Rachel Ann Foster; Miles Furnas; Edward J. Carpenter (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2026)
Large blooms of the diazotrophic cyanobacteria, Trichodesmium , have been reported along the north coast of Australia and are readily evident in remote sensing images. During a research cruise in November 1999, we sampled from Townsville to Broome, examined Trichodesmium population densities and their rates of carbon and N 2 fixation alongside microscopy-based cell counts of them and other cyanobacterial diazotrophs. Additionally, we also enumerated the picophytoplankton community using flow-cytometry, measured bulk chlorophyll concentrations, carbon and N 2 fixation rates, and water column hydrography, enabling comparison of diazotrophic and picophytoplankton functional groups across the system. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis of physicochemical oceanographic variables identified four distinct clusters that generally corresponded to the five geographic regions traversed and were supported by principal component analysis. In some cases, cluster analysis of physical parameters revealed close similarity of water masses in different, distal regions. High surface densities (up to 10,000 trichomes per L) and visible surface slicks of Trichodesmium were encountered at many of the stations where N 2 fixation could be directly measured in unconcentrated surface samples. Areal rates of N 2 fixation in excess of 1 mmol N m −2 d −1 were noted at several stations, with the highest average N 2 fixation rates found in the Timor Sea. Although spatial relationships between bulk phytoplankton biomass and carbon fixation rates versus contributions from Trichodesmium were complex, Trichodesmium contributed as much as 25% of total primary production and accounted for more than 50% of surface phytoplankton biomass in the Coral Sea. Lastly, Trichodesmium dominance was observed alongside diatom-diazotroph associations, the unicellular cyanobacteria Crocosphaera sp., and picophytoplankton assemblages, which collectively indicated that nitrogen fixation and primary production were partitioned among distinct phytoplankton and diazotrophic functional groups across hydrographic gradients.

Simulation modelling as a tool to guide control strategies for foot and mouth disease in an endemic country: Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia 2023–2024 - Y. Yupiana; M.A. Stevenson; M. Edwards; R.V. Ekowati; Ermawanto; I. Permatasari; R. Morita; S. Yulianti; Nurhayati; T.D. Utami; D. Nugroho; H.P. Kurniawan; et al. (Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2026)

Life Course Dietary Insulinemic and Inflammatory Potential and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in U.S. Women: A Prospective Cohort Study - Yin Zhang; Mingyang Song; Molin Wang; Emily Riseberg; Dong D. Wang; Deirdre K. Tobias; Fred K. Tabung; A. Heather Eliassen; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner; Qi Sun; Eric B. Rimm; Meir J. Stampfer; et al. (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2026)

Co-occurrence of resistance and virulence plasmids in a blaNDM-5-positive Escherichia coli ST602 clone across One Health sectors in China - Tianyang Hao; Qiaojun Wang; Kai Peng; Yuetong Lv; Changan Li; Mianzhi Wang; Edward J. Feil; Zhiqiang Wang; Ruichao Li (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2026)

Effects of feeding on dogs’ frustration-related behaviours during a laboratory-based scent detection task - Jade Fountain; Journie Yee; Susan J. Hazel; Todd J. McWhorter; Tyler McNutt; Timothy L. Edwards (Behavioural Processes, 2026)

Shoulder Kinematic and Muscle Activity Compensations to Scapular Stabilizer Weakness: An Optimal Control Framework - Matthew S. Russell; Daanish M. Mulla; Peter J. Keir; Edward K. Chadwick; Dimitra Blana; Janessa D. M. Drake; Jaclyn N. Chopp-Hurley (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2026)
Purpose Shoulder kinematic and muscular redundancy promotes considerable variability, obscuring possible insights into neuromuscular control and compensation mechanisms for muscle weakness or fatigue. The current study harnessed recent advancements in optimal control formulations for computational musculoskeletal models to determine potential neuromuscular control strategies to compensate for isolated muscle weakness. Methods A computational shoulder model characterized by independent clavicular, scapular, and humeral kinematics and 138 muscle elements was used. Optimal control-predicted thoracohumeral elevation kinematics were validated against published empirical kinematics. Force-generating capacity of the upper trapezius, middle trapezius, and lower trapezius, and serratus anterior were individually limited to 75%, 50%, and 25% maximal capacity to generate subsequent optimal control predictions of scapulothoracic kinematic changes associated with muscle weakness. Combined limited maximal force-generating capacity of lower trapezius and serratus anterior was also explored. Results Model-predicted scapulothoracic kinematics showed good agreement with reference data, yet some significant differences were identified below 55° thoracohumeral elevation. Fatigue-mediated kinematic changes were most apparent during sagittal plane elevation. Serratus anterior weakness displayed the largest scapulothoracic kinematic changes at all thresholds of limited force-generating capacity. It also prompted the largest compensatory muscle activity changes from other shoulder muscles, while upper trapezius weakness prompted very little compensatory changes in muscle activity. Conclusion Optimal control simulations were used to identify potential compensation mechanisms for shoulder muscle weakness and predict their effects on scapular kinematics. Findings suggest that thoracohumeral elevation in the scapular plane displayed less trapezius coactivity, both when ‘weakened’ and ‘unweakened.’ Thus, scapular plane tasks may isolate serratus anterior, while frontal plane tasks may achieve more balanced coactivation.

An integrated taxonomic approach reshapes the conservation status and distribution of the rare Mountain Needlefly, Leuctra monticola Hanson, 1941 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) - Scott A. Grubbs; R. Edward DeWalt; Chris J. Verdone (Journal of Insect Conservation, 2026)
The morphological concept of the purportedly rare eastern Nearctic stonefly species Leuctra monticola Hanson, 1941 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) is redefined following examination of type material and integrated morphological-molecular phylogenetic analyses using mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene sequence data. These analyses included L. alexanderi Hanson, 1941, a species with an overlapping geographic distribution in the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA, and occasionally confused with L. monticola due to incomplete original descriptions and inconsistent line drawing styles. This paper was predicated on the inclusion of L. monticola in the previous (2015) and current (2025) Virginia Wildlife Action Plans as a Tier 2 (= Very High Conservation Need) species despite a lack of published locality data. Moreover, L. monticola was included as one of 33 Regional Species of Greatest Conservation Need (RSGCN) in the 13 state Northeast US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) region from Virginia north to Maine and holds a NatureServe G1 (= Critically Imperiled) global ranking. Formal conservation assessments are currently being conducted on all 33 project species and funded by the regional states and the USFWS. Implications for insect conservation Our integrated morphological-molecular treatment that included L. alexanderi and L. monticola has led to the subsequent removal of the latter species from consideration as an RSGCN in the Northeast USFWS region. The distribution of L. monticola is narrowed to only foothill streams of the western flanks of the Great Smoky Mountains in east Tennessee, eliminated from the Virginia and North Carolina state lists, and aligns with the current NatureServe global ranking for this species. In contrast, L. alexanderi has a broad distribution in the Appalachian Mountains and adjacent Appalachian and Cumberland plateaus from northern Alabama east to northwestern South Carolina and north to southern New York. Digital light and scanning electron micrographs of diagnostic morphological characteristics of adult males and females of both species are provided, making correct determinations easier and geographic ranges more accurate. This paper has important ramifications for better decision making for potential conservation and management decisions, especially since L. monticola is now considered a species endemic to Tennessee and the Southeast USFWS region.

Computational Modelling of Selective Capture Mechanisms in Conduction System Pacing - Mohammadreza Kariman; Matthias A. F. Gsell; Edward J. Vigmond; Aurel Neic; Christoph M. Augustin; Gernot Plank (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2026)
Purpose Conduction system pacing (CSP) is gaining clinical significance owing to its ability to restore a physiological activation sequence in the ventricles. Whilst His bundle pacing producing the most physiological activation is preferable, due to implant complications the selective activation of the left bundle branch (LBB) by LBB area pacing is considered an alternative, offering both a simpler implant and a physiological activation sequence. However, the physical mechanisms facilitating selective activation of the LBB remain poorly understood. Methods We developed a structurally and biophysically detailed computer model of the interventricular septum and LBB to quantitatively elucidate the role of lead position, orientation and polarity in achieving optimal selective left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) thresholds, using a geometrically detailed model of a clinically widely used CSP lead. Results A deep implant within the left ventricular subendocardium ensuring a direct contact between electrode and LBB is key for effective selective LBBP. For low strength, selective LBBP is feasible, but capturing the LBB in its entirety could only be achieved using higher strengths that led to non-selective LBBP. Switching the tip polarity to anodal was not beneficial, requiring higher strengths to activate the LBB. Lead orientation relative to the LBB bundles was found to influence the selective LBBP capture threshold and the number of synchronously activating bundles. Conclusion The model explains the impedance trends that are clinically observed when advancing the tip through the interventricular septum into the LBB region, as well as sudden impedance drops associated with implant complications such as septal perforation or lead dislodgement. Quantitative consistency with clinically observed trends supports model credibility, and indicates that simulation may offer an effective approach for guiding the design of improved CSP leads, facilitating a selective and synchronous activation of the entire LBB.

Palynological data from Loch an t’Suidhe, Isle of Mull, Scotland - Kevin J. Edwards; Heather Sugden; James B. Innes; Jeff Blackford; J. Edward Schofield (Palynology, 2026)

Multi-fidelity data-driven approach to operational guidance - Samuel J. Edwards; Michael D. Levine (Ocean Engineering, 2026)

Acute wood smoke exposure is associated with cell-specific hippocampal transcriptomic responses in an accelerated ovarian failure mouse model - Sydnee J. Yazzie; Mijung Oh; Eunju Lim; Onamma Edeh; Edward Barr; Ting Jiang; Tou Yia Vue; Shuguang Leng; Eric Prossnitz; Robert Miller; Kartika Wardhani; Connor Dixson; et al. (NeuroToxicology, 2026)

Within day temperature variation and pediatric asthma exacerbation in Philadelphia, PA - Janelle R. Edwards; Anneclaire J. De Roos; Chén Kenyon; Irene Headen; Loni P. Tabb; Leah H. Schinasi (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2026)

An integrated approach identifying seasonal variation in allergenic grass pollen in southern Australia - Josh Boyte; Sarah M. Sherson; Lachlan Tegart; Nithya Fernandopulle; Hee Sung Kang; Edwin R. Lampugnani; Jonathan Pham; Graham A. Mackay; Edward J. Newbigin; John F. Golz (Environmental Research, 2026)

Land sparing outperforms land sharing across an elevational gradient in tropical cattle-farming landscapes - Giovanny Pérez; Simon C. Mills; Jacob B. Socolar; Jose M. Ochoa Quintero; Torbjørn Haugaasen; Robert P. Freckleton; Jos Barlow; James. J. Gilroy; David P. Edwards (Biological Conservation, 2026)

Reconstructing prehistoric land cover and landuse in complex ‘blue-green’ landscapes - Kimberley L. Davies; M. Jane Bunting; Willem Koster; Nicki J. Whitehouse; Michelle Farrell; Henry Chapman; Jason R. Kirby; J. Edward Schofield; Phil Barratt; Benjamin Gearey; Nika Shilobod (Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2026)

The impact of native vertebrates on enemy release and plant functional traits during community assembly - T. N. Edwards; E. J. Questad (Oecologia, 2026)

Haemodynamic adaptations to isometric handgrip versus isometric wall squat exercise training: a randomised crossover study - Jamie J. Edwards; Andy Galbraith; Stewart Bruce-Low; Rajan Sharma; Jamie M. O’Driscoll (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2026)

Correction: Structure–Function Parameters Over Different Surface Footprints in Coastal Zones - Andrey A. Grachev; Harindra J. S. Fernando; Stef L. Bardoel; Robb M. Randall; Christopher M. Hocut; Edward D. Creegan; Laura S. Leo (Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 2026)

Mixed Support for Pleistocene Sea‐Level Fluctuations in Promoting the Diversification of Anole Lizards in the Northern Lesser Antilles - Ayanna J. Browne; Edward A. Myers; S. Blair Hedges; Kevin de Queiroz; Robert Powell; Lauren A. Esposito; Rayna C. Bell; Michael L. Yuan (Molecular Ecology, 2026)
In the Pleistocene, climatic changes resulted in cycles of sea‐level fluctuation that periodically fragmented islands into aggregate island complexes. These temporary saltwater barriers between islands within an island bank had the potential to decrease migration between populations on separate islands, resulting in increased genetic divergence and potentially speciation. In the Lesser Antilles, Anolis lizards (anoles) are distributed across island banks that vary in distance and water depth between islands, making them excellent candidates for studying how different barriers shape patterns of genetic diversity. Here, we focused on anoles found across the St. Kitts Bank ( A. bimaculatus , A . schwartzi ), Anguilla Bank ( A. gingivinus ), and Barbuda Bank ( A. leachii , A. wattsi ) to test the hypothesis that populations separated by narrower and shallower marine barriers are more genetically similar to one another than populations on more distant islands or those separated by deeper water. Using a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear genomic DNA, we found a spectrum of population genetic structure ranging from weak but detectable structure ( A. gingivinus , Anguilla Bank and A. leachii , Barbuda Bank) to pronounced ( A. bimaculatus and A. schwartzi , St. Kitts Bank) and even species divergence ( A. wattsi complex, Barbuda Bank). The extent of genetic divergence, however, did not consistently correspond to island bathymetry. Our demographic analyses for each currently recognized species supported a model of divergence with gene flow, consistent with a history of intermittent migration between present‐day islands. Collectively, these results support a partial role for sea‐level fluctuations in the Pleistocene structuring current patterns of genetic diversity in Lesser Antillean anoles.

The Effects of Land‐Use Dynamics on Avian Phylogenetic Diversity Across Island Ecosystems - Halvina G. Saiya; David P. Edwards; Matthew J. Struebig; David J. I. Seaman; Robby Butarbutar; Nurul L. Winarni; Simon L. Mitchell; Jatna Supriatna; Rob W. Martin; Adi Karya; Robert P. Freckleton (Journal of Biogeography, 2026)
Aim To test whether forest extent and recent forest‐cover change are associated with avian phylogenetic diversity and community‐level evolutionary value across islands. Location Seven islands spanning Borneo and Wallacea in the Malay Archipelago. Taxon Terrestrial birds. Methods We sampled 1410 sites (2010–2022). We calculated phylogenetic diversity (PD), mean phylogenetic distance (MPD), mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD) and their standardised effect sizes (SES), as well as community‐level EDGE (Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered). Responses to (i) average forest proportion (250‐m radius) and (ii) recent forest‐cover change were analysed with spatial linear mixed‐effects. Results Observed PD showed a negative visual trend with increasing forest proportion, whereas SES PD declined. MPD showed only a weak positive visual trend with forest proportion, whereas SES MPD showed no clear response. Although observed MNTD appeared to increase in the binned visual summaries, both observed MNTD and SES MNTD showed significant negative associations with forest cover in the spatial models, indicating stronger nearest‐neighbour phylogenetic clustering in more forested sites. Effects of recent forest loss (2010–2022) on SES metrics were generally weak and inconsistent. Although PD also declined with decreasing rates of forest change, community‐level EDGE was higher where forest cover was greater, indicating higher average evolutionary distinctiveness and extinction risk. Main Conclusions In this archipelagic system, forest amount is a key correlate of phylogenetic structure and the retention of evolutionarily distinctive, high‐risk lineages. By contrast, recent forest‐cover change showed weaker and more context‐dependent associations. Conserving intact forests remains crucial for safeguarding the evolutionary legacy of island bird communities.

The crucible of resilience: hormesis as the unifying principle of evolution, genetics, and epigenetics - Edward J. Calabrese; Evgenios Agathokleous (Archives of Toxicology, 2026)

Promoting Research Excellence in Down Syndrome: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference of the Trisomy 21 Research Society - Fabio Di Domenico; Marzia Perluigi; Antonella Tramutola; Maria Giulia Bacalini; Daniella Balduino Victorino; Isabel Barroeta; Renata Bartesaghi; Angelo Carfi; Maria Carmona-Iragui; Ann D. Cohen; Alberto C. S. Costa; Floriana Costanzo; et al. (NeuroMolecular Medicine, 2026)
Down syndrome (DS), or trisomy 21 (T21), represents the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability worldwide and is associated with a wide range of medical, developmental, and neurodegenerative conditions, including a universal predisposition to early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Since its establishment in 2014, the Trisomy 21 Research Society (T21RS) has provided a global forum for advancing DS research across disciplines and promoting translational efforts to improve health and quality of life. Every two years, T21RS hosts an international scientific meeting that brings together researchers, clinicians, self-advocates, families, and industry stakeholders. In 2024, the 5th T21RS International Conference was held in Rome, Italy, from June 5 to 8, under the theme “Promoting Research Excellence in Down Syndrome.” The meeting brought together about 500 scientists from 26 countries across five continents, and more than 900 attendees overall, including families and caregivers. The scientific program featured 5 keynote lectures, 2 satellite meetings, 17 symposia, 7 nano symposia, 2 workshops, and 1 industry-focused session, totaling more than 150 oral presentations. More than 230 abstracts were presented as posters. The conference covered research across the lifespan of individuals with DS, spanning genomic and epigenetic regulation, molecular and cellular mechanisms, preclinical and experimental models, cognition and behavior, neurodevelopment, aging and neurodegeneration, co-occurring medical conditions, and therapeutic interventions. Dedicated sessions focused on capacity-building in DS research and societal engagement were established. Significantly, T21RS promoted inclusivity by supporting 60 young investigator fellowships, providing childcare awards, and organizing a two-day program for families and caregivers in collaboration with Italian DS associations. This proceeding summarizes the main scientific highlights of the 5th T21RS International Conference, reflecting the latest advances in DS biology, clinical research, biomarker development, and therapeutic innovation.

Examining the Impact of Derelict Pots on Blue Crab ( Callinectes sapidus ) Catch and Harvest Within a Recreational Fishery - Randy J. Feris Serrano; Jennifer E. Repp; Kaylin M. Regan; Arthur C. Trembanis; Matthew J. Oliver; Edward A. Hale (Fisheries Management and Ecology, 2026)
Derelict fishing gear can negatively affect marine ecosystems through mortality in coastal environments. This study explored the impact of derelict and active crab pots on recreational blue crab ( Callinectes sapidus ) catch rates and landings in a Mid‐Atlantic estuary by deploying experimental pots in four habitat strata within three sections of Indian River Bay, DE. The observed environmental covariates, including temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen, varied significantly among areas within individual years ( p p > 0.05; Linear‐Mixed‐Model [LMM]) despite generally higher numbers of crabs observed in habitats devoid of derelict pots when compared to habitats with derelict pots present. Instead, total catch rates were significantly affected by the presence of ovigerous and non‐ovigerous females ( p p = 0.80; Kruskal–Wallis), suggesting consistent length distributions in 2021 and 2022. Eight bycatch species were captured. Findings suggest that derelict pots did not significantly affect catch rates, differing from observations in other systems, for example, Chesapeake Bay. Further explorations along a broader range of environmental conditions are needed to clarify these dynamics.

Mental Distress and Resource Insecurity in the Kingdom of Tonga After the 2022 Volcanic Eruption: Associations of Water and Food Insecurity With Mental Distress - Hilary J. Bethancourt; Indira Bose; Lupe Moala Tupou; Melissa Meinhart; Edward A. Frongillo; Amelia Greaves; Sera L. Young (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2026)

Lung function and inflammation in healthy young adults after 6.6 hours of 0.07 ppm ozone exposure - Edward R. Pennington; Jairus C. Pulczinski; Martin W. Case; Jacob S. Griffin; Neil E. Alexis; Ilona Jaspers; Carole Robinette; Ann Chelminski; Andrea Davis; Neena Miller; David B. Peden; Andrew J. Ghio; et al. (Environmental Research, 2026)

Hormesis in plant systems: A widespread and highly generalizable phenomenon induced by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances - Edward J. Calabrese; Peter Pressman; A. Wallace Hayes; Evgenios Agathokleous; Rachna Kapoor; Vittorio Calabrese; Tao Sun; Gaurav Dhawan (Environmental Pollution, 2026)

The Sedimentary Geochemistry and Paleoenvironments Project Phase 2 data release: An open data resource for the study of Earth's environmental history - Úna C. Farrell; Hunter C. Olson; Maya O. Thompson; Michelle L. Abshire; Oyeleye O. Adeboye; Anne-Sofie C. Ahm; Lewis J. Alcott; Thomas J. Algeo; Ross P. Anderson; Arif H. Ansari; Lucas Pinto Heckert Bastos; Kohen W. Bauer; et al. (Chemical Geology, 2026)

Hermann J. Muller's research swan song: His long-term radiation dose-rate mutation investigations yielded no research publications, leaving questions of scientific misconduct - Edward J. Calabrese (Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2026)

Observation of Rockfall in the Thermal Infrared - Edward C. Wellman; Kirk W. Schafer; Chad P. Williams; Greatness H. Ojum; Julia J. Potter; Leonard D. Brown; Benjamin Meyer; Bradley J. Ross; John Kemeny (Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2026)

Adaptive area-wide management for suppressing spruce budworm outbreaks: effectiveness of the early intervention strategy - Rob C. Johns; S. Edwards; L. Amos-Binks; J. J. Bowden; D. Carleton; C. Edge; C. Hennigar; P. James; D. MacLean; V. Martel; E. R. D. Moise; B. Morin; et al. (Journal of Pest Science, 2026)
In eastern North America, two main insecticide-based strategies are used to manage spruce budworm ( Choristoneura fumiferana ) outbreaks. The traditional ‘Foliage Protection Strategy’ (FPS) focuses on temporarily reducing defoliation and tree mortality in high-value stands, allowing outbreaks to progress naturally in surrounding areas. The ‘Early Intervention Strategy’ (EIS) is an adaptive, area-wide management approach that targets low-density “hotspots” to prevent outbreak growth and spread. We report findings from a 10-year case study (2015–2024) in Atlantic Canada assessing EIS effectiveness. EIS treatments consistently reduced population growth rates, resulting in a 12–67% reduction in hotspot areas compared to untreated areas. Crucially, this suppression curbed the rise and spread of the outbreak across northern New Brunswick, with negligible defoliation observed throughout the study period. By comparison, in a neighboring Quebec study area contemporaneously managed with FPS, the outbreak advanced normally, causing moderate to severe defoliation over ~ 1.7 million hectares by 2024. Moreover, EIS required ~ 80% less insecticide, with 66% of treated areas receiving treatment in only a single year, compared with just 15% under FPS. Our findings provide robust evidence for the effectiveness of EIS when implemented under suitable conditions, highlighting its potential as a proactive outbreak management approach.

Cattle habitat selection in response to weather extremes within a native Aspen Parkland rangeland - Sydney G. Lopes; Francisco J. Novais; Cameron N. Carlyle; Carolyn J. Fitzsimmons; John S. Church; Edward W. Bork (International Journal of Biometeorology, 2026)

Retraction Note: The anticancer drug sunitinib promotes autophagy and protects from neurotoxicity in an HIV-1 Tat model of neurodegeneration - Jerel A. Fields; Jeff Metcalf; Cassia Overk; Anthony Adame; Brian Spencer; Wolfgang Wrasidlo; Jazmin Florio; Edward Rockenstein; Johnny J. He; Eliezer Masliah (Journal of NeuroVirology, 2026)

Emissions assessment of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) broadband megaconstellations; Starlink, OneWeb and Kuiper - Ogutu B. Osoro; Edward J. Oughton; Andrew Wilson; Akhil Rao (Advances in Space Research, 2026)

Oases of endemism: Regional aquifer desert springs serve as biodiversity hotspots preserving vulnerable endemic taxa in the Great Basin and Mojave Desert regions - Matthew J. Forrest; Donald W. Sada; Matthew S. Edwards; Robert K. Burton; Richard D. Norris (Limnology and Oceanography, 2026)
Spring ecosystems in arid regions often serve as crucial biodiversity hotspots by providing some of the only reliable sources of surface water. However, anthropogenic activities and climate change have severely degraded spring ecosystems worldwide, emphasizing the need for large‐scale multidisciplinary studies informing conservation efforts. Here, we analyzed characteristics of 1121 widely dispersed springs within the Great Basin and Mojave Desert regions, USA to assess the distribution of endemic animal taxa relative to hydrological, geochemical, and ecological parameters. To our knowledge this is the largest original dataset of springs that has been examined in this manner. Our results revealed that the three broad classes of springs: regional aquifer thermal springs, local aquifer cold springs, and local aquifer geothermal springs can be distinguished by their environmental and physicochemical parameters, taxa present, persistence, and natural and human perturbations. Notably, regional aquifer thermal springs support disproportionate numbers of endemic taxa, likely reflecting their stability and longevity. These patterns are particularly striking considering that these springs have been subjected to extreme anthropogenic exploitation and modifications for centuries and frequently support non‐native taxa. Conversely, local aquifer cold springs, which are often highly disturbed and less persistent, support proportionately fewer endemic taxa. The high abundance of endemic taxa in regional aquifer thermal springs indicates that they represent critical biodiversity hotspots, and efforts to conserve and restore these important ecosystems should be major priorities.

Calibration of the species threat abatement and restoration metric's threat abatement component in a Costa Rican landscape - Louise Mair; Thomas M. Brooks; Randall R. Jimenez; Nicholas B. W. Macfarlance; Tony Nello; Antonin Vergez; Leon Bennun; Florence Curet; Annie Dakmejian; Edward Ellis; Melibea Gallo; Philip J. K. McGowan; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2026)
Achieving global conservation policy goals requires the ability to set and measure progress toward science‐based targets for biodiversity. The species threat abatement and restoration (STAR) metric was developed to enable actors to set science‐based targets for species. STAR scores quantify the potential contribution of actions to abate threats and restore habitat to reduce species extinction risk in a particular place and can be aggregated and disaggregated among species, threats, and areas of interest. Estimated STAR scores are based on data from the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List and provide initial information on the species and threats expected to be present in an area. Operationalization of the metric requires verification of the presence of species and the presence and severity of threats in the area to inform calculation of a calibration STAR score. We applied a pilot calibration process for the threat abatement component of STAR (STAR T ) in the San Jose northern subcatchments landscape in Costa Rica. We used specialist knowledge and geospatial analyses of habitat loss to determine the species present and the intensity of threats affecting them in the landscape. Calibration yielded a more even distribution of scores among threats than was apparent from estimated STAR T and identified that reducing the threat from livestock farming and ranching had the greatest potential to reduce species extirpation risk. Calibration also showed that there is an opportunity to prevent the extinction of a critically endangered endemic amphibian, but the species’ presence requires confirmation. The pilot demonstrated how specialist knowledge and geospatial analyses can be combined during calibration to produce a calibrated STAR T score capable of informing science‐based targets for species conservation. Our calibration process can be applied to other areas.

Long-Term Evaluation of Coastal Change Forecasting Following the Mont-Saint-Michel Bay Maritime Restoration Project, Normandy, France - Nicolas Aleman; Franck Levoy; Edward J. Anthony; Luc Hamm (Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2026)
Human modification of tidal embayments, estuaries, and deltas through polders, dykes, and embankments has profoundly altered sediment dynamics and coastal morphology worldwide. Mont-Saint-Michel Bay (northwestern France) exemplifies a macrotidal system affected by large-scale land reclamation, accelerated infilling, rapid saltmarsh expansion, and progressive loss of the insular character of the World Heritage abbey. To restore its maritime setting, a large-scale restoration programme initiated in the 1990s combined engineering measures with nature-based management, including embankment removal, managed retreat, and controlled hydraulic flushing. Future morphodynamic evolution was initially assessed using a movable-bed physical model complemented by numerical simulations. Here, a 22-year LiDAR dataset is used to quantify post-restoration topographic changes and sediment budgets, and evaluate model performance. The results show enhanced erosion and deepening of tidal flats around Mont-Saint-Michel, indicating effective sediment export, together with spatial redistribution of salt marshes that maintained the overall ecological value of the bay. Discrepancies between model predictions and field observations reflect both the difficulty of reproducing long-term channel migration variability and evolving hydro-meteorological forcing conditions, as well as differences between the initially modelled restoration scheme and the engineering works ultimately implemented. This study provides a rare multi-decadal comparison between pre-project morphodynamic forecasts and post-restoration observations. The results highlight both the potential and the limitations of long-term morphodynamic forecasting in non-stationary tidal systems undergoing anthropogenic modifications and climate-driven environmental change, emphasising the importance of long-term monitoring and adaptive management strategies.

Ecological risks and emergent governance needs in seaweed aquaculture - Isabel R. Gregr; Rebecca G. Martone; John D. Driscoll; Edward J. Gregr (Journal of Applied Phycology, 2026)
Seaweed aquaculture is an expanding industry with potential to benefit the climate, food security, and local economies. However, as the industry expands, there is a need to assess potential negative ecological effects and ensure they are properly mitigated. In this report, we examine the state of knowledge on potential negative ecological effects of seaweed aquaculture, drawing from peer-reviewed literature and global regulatory practices. Using British Columbia (BC), Canada, as a case study, we assess the risks from these effects and the suitability of the existing regulatory framework for avoiding them. To contextualize the BC example, we also considered the adequacy of seaweed aquaculture regulations in Europe, Asia, North and South America, and Africa. This global comparison reveals a lack of seaweed-specific policies, weak biosecurity measures, and limited cross-agency collaboration. In BC and elsewhere, seaweed aquaculture regulation is largely indirect, relying on customised license conditions based on tangential legislation rather than on sector-specific, enforceable regulations. This results in inconsistent data, unclear management objectives, and limited indicators of ecological impact. All jurisdictions we examined would benefit from specific seaweed aquaculture policy, seaweed-specific regulations with clear monitoring requirements, improved regulatory coordination, and stronger biosecurity measures. Baseline environmental assessments and ecosystem monitoring would help ensure healthy, resilient coastal ecosystems as the industry develops. These findings provide globally relevant guidance for managing the potential negative ecological effects of this growing industry. Our case study offers a transferable framework for identifying local regulatory gaps in other jurisdictions and developing policy to support sustainable seaweed aquaculture.

Correction: Effects of Interphase and Interpulse Delays on Tissue Impedance and Pulsed Field Ablation - Edward J. Jacobs; Pedro P. Santos; Rafael V. Davalos (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2026)

Strategic deep tillage of deep sand soils impacts the sorption and biological availability of trifluralin - Tom J. Edwards; Stephen L. Davies; Ron J. Yates; Michael T. Rose; Benedict Arthur; John G. Howieson; Graham O’Hara; Emma J. Steel; David JM Hall (Soil and Tillage Research, 2026)

Ambient and personal air monitoring using low-cost sensors to identify elevated air pollution in vulnerable communities - K. Kubis; J. Edwards; P.H. Ryan (Science of The Total Environment, 2026)

Petrogenesis and Provenance of Unique Amphibole-Bearing Carbonaceous Chondrite Almahata Sitta 202: Further Evidence for a Ceres-Sized, Water-Rich Parent Body - Cyrena A. Goodrich; Victoria E. Hamilton; Michael E. Zolensky; Noriko Kita; Issaku Kohl; Lauren Tafla; Robert J. Macke; Takahiro Hiroi; Yoko Kebukawa; Wayne Buckley; Jacob B. Setera; Justin I. Simon; et al. (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2026)

Emodin: Its effects are largely due to hormesis - Edward J. Calabrese; Peter Pressman; A. Wallace Hayes; Evgenios Agathokleous; Gaurav Dhawan; Rachna Kapoor; Vittorio Calabrese (Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2026)

The National Academy of Sciences Biological Effects of Atomic Radiation (BEAR) Genetics Panel recommended no second-generation genetic damage study of the offspring of the atomic bombings in Japan - Edward J. Calabrese; Paul B. Selby (Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2026)

Structure–Function Parameters Over Different Surface Footprints in Coastal Zones - Andrey A. Grachev; Harindra J. S. Fernando; Stef L. Bardoel; Robb M. Randall; Christopher M. Hocut; Edward D. Creegan; Laura S. Leo (Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 2026)
High frequency turbulent data from sonic anemometers and other ancillary information collected at multiple levels on several meteorological flux towers located at two coastal sites are used to study velocity and scalar (temperature and humidity) structure–function parameters over heterogeneous surfaces in an area of complex coastal terrains. Understanding of such parameters has important applications for studies on wave propagation in a turbulent atmosphere. One observational site was located on the Outer Banks near the town of Duck, North Carolina, with data from the CASPER-East Program (October–November 2015). The second site was located near the town of Ferryland, Newfoundland, Canada, with data from the C-FOG (Coastal-Fog) field campaign (September–October 2018). These measurements allowed studies of structure parameters and other statistics for different footprints, including relatively smooth sea surface conditions and aerodynamically rough dry inland areas for both stable and unstable stratifications. The coastal land cover discontinuity for onshore and offshore winds leads to a thin internal boundary layer (IBL) that could often be resolved by the instrumented towers. The drag coefficient, Bowen ratio, and diurnal variation of sensible heat flux were found to be coastal IBL markers. Our study shows that lower values of the dimensional structure parameters are associated with higher altitudes, smooth surfaces (i.e., over water, outside onshore IBL) and stable stratification (e.g., nocturnal boundary layer), ceteris paribus. In particular, observations showed that the structure parameters over land footprint areas (inside the onshore IBL) can be an order of magnitude larger than over the sea surface due to the change of aerodynamic and thermal properties of the surface. This study also discusses the applicability of Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) for the velocity and scalar structure parameters in the coastal environment for both stable and unstable conditions. While surface inhomogeneities and the complexity of the coastal landforms nominally violate assumptions underlying MOST, our observations show that the nondimensional structure parameters obey MOST reasonably well for all measurement levels, stability condition, and wind direction. In addition, we suggest a new variance-based hybrid scaling for the structure parameters that overcomes some of the shortcomings of the traditional approach (e.g., self-correlation and ambiguity of the dimensionless temperature structure parameter for near-neutral conditions).

Pathologic Description and Genetic Characterisation of Kudoa thunni From Yellowfin Tuna ( Thunnus albacares ) in the Caribbean Sea - Noor‐Ul Huda; Magali Duran; Jonnel Edwards; Cynthia Ware; Olando Harvey; Matt J. Griffin; David P. Marancik (Journal of Fish Diseases, 2026)
Yellowfin tuna ( Thunnus albacares ) is a valuable recreational and commercial species in Grenada and the Caribbean region. Myxozoans, specifically the monotypic Kudoidae family within the Order Multivalvulida, are marine parasitic organisms that can negatively impact fish health and marketability. On 8 September 2023, muscle fillets from a yellowfin tuna caught off the coast of Grenada and containing numerous white nodules were submitted for diagnostic evaluation. Gross examination of the muscle showed firm, spherical to ovoid, white polysporous cysts approx. 0.8–1.3 mm in diameter and approx. 10–20 cysts per 2 × 2 cm section of muscle. Cysts were sharply excised and assessed by wet mount cytology revealing a myriad of quadrate myxosporean parasites consistent with the genus Kudoa . Histopathologic examination demonstrated numerous, intracytoplasmic plasmodia with thick hyaline walls containing intact and necrotic myxospores. Parasites present outside of plasmodia were associated with myoliquifaction of the tissue. The case isolate was morphologically consistent with K. thunni and the partial 18S small subunit rDNA (SSU) and 28S large subunit rDNA (LSU) demonstrated high homology (SSU: 99.8%–100%; LSU: 99.5%–100%) to several K. thunni isolates, including those isolated from blackfin tuna ( T. atlanticus ) harvested near the Caribbean islands of St. Kitts and Nevis. This is the first report of K. thunni infecting yellowfin tuna in the Caribbean region and expands the epidemiologic, pathologic, and molecular record for this parasite.

Evaluation of siRNA-mediated knockdown of heat shock protein 16.2 in adult Acropora cervicornis - Edward P. Gniffke; Benjamin D. Young; Keir J. Macartney; Michael S. Studivan; Ian C. Enochs; Erin E. Easton (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2026)
Acropora cervicornis is a critically endangered Caribbean coral species facing a precipitous decline due to disease and thermal bleaching. To combat the loss of ecologically important reef-building corals, novel molecular approaches can be used to understand mechanisms of resilience and ultimately provide a means to modulate coral performance. In this study, we tested a recently developed method for gene knockdown in adult corals that utilizes short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and the RNA interference pathway. The Heat Shock Protein 16.2 (HSP16.2) gene in fragments of adult A. cervicornis was targeted for knockdown using a single siRNA construct. RT-qPCR analysis of HSP16.2 gene expression was performed between filtered seawater, no template control siRNA (NTC), and siRNA targeting HSP16.2 across four genotypes of A. cervicornis with known differences in thermal susceptibility (two heat-tolerant and two heat-susceptible genotypes). There was no significant difference in HSP16.2 gene expression due to the treatment of HSP16.2 siRNAs versus controls, but we did identify a single genotype-driven effect that corroborates evidence that A. cervicornis heat tolerance is driven largely by genotype. No difference in photophysiological performance or mortality was observed between experimental and control treatments. There were, however, some differences in mortality and HSP16.2 expression among genotypes. Our results reveal that siRNA-mediated knockdown was not successful for this species and gene and thus further optimization is needed prior to broader applicability of siRNA-mediated knockdown in corals. We provide an assessment of potential methodological improvements to support the development of future reverse-genetics studies in corals.

Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegeneration - Nikhil N. Chaudhari; Owen M. Vega; Phoebe Imms; Jaron M. Kawamura; Nahian F. Chowdhury; Tamara Jafar; Andrei Irimia; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; et al. (GeroScience, 2026)
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can find aging-related structural alterations above and beyond cortical thickness and atrophy. Using a novel approach to DNN interpretability, we mapped brain aging progression in 25,539 cognitively normal UK Biobank adults aged 45–83 years. Cortical aging is found to involve anatomic features becoming prominent during the 50s within frontolateral, mesolimbic, cuneal, and occipitotemporal regions. From these foci, aging-related features propagate to adjacent areas at rates peaking in the 60s. Cortical thinning and atrophy do not trend closely with neurodegeneration, but important DNN-identifiable anatomic features have spatiotemporal dynamics that match those of amyloid or tau. Our results challenge the assumption that MRI cannot map anatomic features trending with neurodegeneration. Interpretable DNNs can empower MRI to quantify anatomic aging as a process of spatial feature expansion from focal regions into nearby structures in the sequence of neurodegenerative pathology. Traditional morphometrics explain only ∼1% of variance in DNN-identifiable features, which clarifies why the former are insensitive to anatomic changes involving neurodegeneration. Our results conceptualize brain aging in the context of spatial and temporal parallels between anatomic senescence and neuropathology. These findings may help to map cognitively normal adults’ neurodegenerative anatomy even without PET measurements. Graphical Abstract

Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses reveal microbial dysbiosis and bacteria-virus interactions in the lungs of Australian feedlot cattle with bovine respiratory disease - Gebremeskel Mamu Werid; Farhid Hemmatzadeh; Tony Batterham; Darren Miller; Robert Edwards; Darren J. Trott; Kiro Petrovski (Veterinary Microbiology, 2026)

The effects of tungsten inhalation and continuous administration of angiotensin II on cardiac injury and pulmonary outcomes - Milad MazloumiBakhshayesh; Russell P. Hunter; Brenna Baird; Rui Liu; Anahi Gabriela Jimenez-Campos; Siem Goitom; Edward B. Barr; Guy W. Herbert; Selita N. Lucas; Charlotte M. McVeigh; Jorge Moreno; Yiliang Zhu; et al. (Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2026)

A laboratory-based spectrometer intercomparison for the measurement of snow spectra - Benjamin M. Roberts-Pierel; Christopher J. Crawford; Steven W. Brown; Raymond F. Kokaly; Kelly E. Gleason; Anne W. Nolin; Edward H. Bair; Brenton A. Wilder; Anton J. Surunis; S. McKenzie K. Skiles; Joachim Meyer; Allyson E. Fitts; et al. (Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2026)

Accessing crop genetic diversity via pangenomics - Tessa R. MacNish; Venkataramana Kopalli; Silvia F. Zanini; Rod J. Snowdon; Agnieszka A. Golicz; David Edwards (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2026)
With the increasing accuracy and decreasing cost of sequencing technology, the extent of structural variation (SV) and its importance in crop species has become increasingly evident. SVs such as insertions, deletions, and inversions have been associated with genetic variation of agronomically important traits and the diversification of crop species. Pangenomes aim to capture the genetic diversity of a species, population or genus, by incorporating the genomes of multiple individuals. The additional genetic diversity represented by a pangenome compared to a single-genome reference can aid the association of variation with traits and support crop improvement. Genus-wide pangenomes representing related crop species as well as their wild relatives can be used to identify and introduce novel genetic variation associated with agronomically important traits into crops. Pangenomes can aid crop improvement through pangenome assisted breeding (PAB) and genome editing. PAB is an adaption of marker assisted breeding that associates pangenome-based markers, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and SVs, with a trait of interest. Genome editing can use CRISPR/cas9 or similar tools to introduce or change the expression of agronomically important SVs. Pan-epigenomics is an emerging field that can complement pangenomics studies by identifying epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin accessibility, which play important roles in regulating gene expression and have been shown to contribute to intraspecific diversity and agronomically important traits. We highlight the advances of crop pangenomics and their use in crop breeding and improvement.

Regional Nasal Drug Deposition in Pediatric vs. Adult Models: In vitro Insights into User Technique and Breathing Patterns Sensitivity - Mohammad Hejazi; Xiomara Owen; David J. Edwards; Michael Hindle; Worth Longest; Theodore Schuman; Ross Walenga; Steven Chopski; Anubhav Kaviratna; Bryan Newman; Laleh Golshahi (Pharmaceutical Research, 2026)
Purpose Although in vitro studies recommended for establishing bioequivalence of locally acting nasal suspension products provide useful information regarding product performance, currently they are not designed to fully account for variability introduced by patient-specific factors such as administration technique and breathing patterns. This limitation, combined with ethical and practical challenges in conducting pediatric clinical trials, creates a knowledge gap in understanding age-related differences in nasal drug delivery. Methods Anatomically realistic in vitro nasal models representing an average child and adult, in terms of total drug delivery to the sites of intended action posterior to nasal valve, were used to investigate the sensitivity of regional nasal drug deposition to variations in administration parameters and breathing conditions. Three breathing conditions were evaluated: breath hold, gentle sniffing, and vigorous sniffing. Administration parameters were varied using a Box-Behnken experimental design. Results Results showed that for commercially available nasal sprays, breathing patterns did not significantly affect drug delivery in the adult model, but extreme conditions (no breathing vs. vigorous sniffing) caused significant differences in anterior deposition in the child model. Differences between gentle sniffing and the other conditions were not statistically significant. The sensitivity analysis revealed that in vitro drug deposition patterns differ between child and adult nasal cavities under identical user parameter variations, and variable importance differed across nasal cavity regions. Conclusions This study demonstrates the potential for targeted drug delivery by enabling the identification of the optimal administration parameters to achieve desired outcomes, such as enhanced drug deposition in specific nasal regions.

Beyond the Guinea Pig Myth: Understanding Complex Attitudes Toward Clinical Trials Participation in a Community Clinic - J. Edward Murrell; Ashleigh Allgood; Arya Tamhane; Regan Gaskin; Luis F. Pineda; Barry P. Sleckman; Raegan W. Durant; Soumya J. Niranjan (Journal of Cancer Education, 2026)

Informing spatial conservation prioritization with species’ traits - Liam A. Trethowan; Laura Jennings; Haerul Arifin; Renata Borosova; Gemma L. C. Bramley; Marie Briggs; Osanna Chu; Ruth P. Clark; Sally Dawson; Kiran L. Dhanjal‐Adams; Yance de Freitas; James Hartup; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2026)
New Guinea, the most botanically diverse island on the planet, is the location for one of the boldest conservation initiatives. The Manokwari Declaration aims to achieve 70% conservation designation for the Bird's Head Peninsula. This is 40% higher than the 2022 Global Biodiversity Framework target. However, there is a lack of species occurrence data to support evidence of where biodiversity can be best protected. To address this, we integrated plant trait data from taxonomic descriptions in species occurrence models that can inform conservation planning. Inclusion of traits improved the performance of co‐occurrence models of ∼800 plant species across the 100,000‐km 2 landscape. Traits generally improved model performance, but not all traits contributed equally (e.g., leaf size and red flower color most improved accuracy of occurrence prediction). Likewise, trait‐parameterized models tended to be most useful with rare species occurrence prediction, but this was inconsistent among traits. Under 70% protection, three‐quarters of the areas selected conserved trait diversity. Critically, trait diversity also increased the chances that areas at high risk of deforestation were selected as conservation priorities. Overall, we found that plant species’ traits, often key parameters of ecosystem function and resilience, improved spatial conservation planning.

The collective application of shorebird tracking data to conservation - Autumn‐Lynn Harrison; Candace Stenzel; Alexandra Anderson; Jessica Howell; Richard B. Lanctot; Marley Aikens; Joaquín Aldabe; Liam A. Berigan; Joël Bêty; Erik Blomberg; Juliana Bosi de Almeida; Andy J. Boyce; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2026)
Addressing urgent conservation issues, such as the drastic declines of North American migratory birds, requires creative, evidence‐based, efficient, and collaborative approaches. The abundance of over 50% of monitored North American shorebird populations has declined by over 50% since 1980. To address these declines, we developed a partnership of scientists and practitioners called the Shorebird Science and Conservation Collective (hereafter the collective ). The collective was founded to translate the combined findings of shorebird tracking data into on‐the‐ground conservation action. With advice from an advisory group, the collective acts as an intermediary whereby dedicated staff collate and analyze data contributions from scientists to support knowledge requests from conservation practitioners. In its first three years, data contributions from 75 organizations include over 7.1 million shorebird observations forming movement paths of 3420 individuals representing 36 species tracked across the Americas and have informed 18 conservation projects spanning education, land and species management, land conservation, and policy requests. Others engaged in translational science from big data could consider similar knowledge‐sharing models that prioritize usable data products, foster collaborative engagement between science experts and practitioners, build focused communities around topics or taxonomic groups, and employ a proof‐of‐concept phase to develop scalable solutions while making progress toward long‐term funding to sustain impact. As the volume of scientific data continues to grow, intermediaries, such as the collective, can be vital liaisons to rapidly integrate and interpret research to support conservation action. Dedicated to the memory of Shiloh Schulte and his conservation achievements for shorebirds.

Determinants of L-band backscatter in dry tropical ecosystems: Implications for biomass mapping - João M.B. Carreiras; Thomas Higginbottom; John L. Godlee; Sam Harrison; Lorena Benitez; Penelope J. Mograbi; Aurora Levesley; Karina Melgaço; David Milodowski; Georgia Pickavance; Geoff Wells; Edmar Almeida de Oliveira; et al. (Remote Sensing of Environment, 2026)

Soil carbon and fungal functional group dynamics in forest-savanna transitions - Edward J. Primka; Eric B. Duell; Chris B. Zou; Gail W.T. Wilson (Pedobiologia, 2026)

Perinatal environmental exposures, maternal mental health and cognitive outcomes in very preterm infants born in urban London - Zeyuan Sun; Kaili Liang; Andrew Lawrence; Marguerite Leoni; Serena J. Counsell; Paola Dazzan; A David Edwards; Chiara Nosarti (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2026)

Managing risks in reverse logistics supply chains of demolition waste: A systematic literature review - I.E. Illeperuma; M.K.C.S. Wijewickrama; David J. Edwards (Environmental Development, 2026)

Pharmacological properties, safety, pharmacokinetic and clinical trials of kukoamine A and B - Ibrahim Mssillou; Youness El Abdali; Olja Šovljanski; Meryem Bakour; Hassan Laaroussi; Youssra Aghoutane; Edward. J. Calabrese; Asaad Khalid; Samah H. O. Zarroug; Boutaina Louafi; Dalila Bousta (Inflammopharmacology, 2026)

Top-down Control by Ribbed Mussels (Geukensia demissa) on Plankton Communities in Southeastern U.S. Salt Marshes - Sydney L. Williams; Donovan Mitchell; Edward J. Phlips; Rachel Guy; Nikki Dix; Christine Angelini (Estuaries and Coasts, 2026)
Benthic grazers and suspension feeders, such as oysters and mussels, may play a disproportionate role in controlling algal biomass and plankton community composition in estuarine systems. Nonetheless, their effects on plankton communities remain poorly understood across environmental contexts, in part from a paucity of in situ measurements. Here, we conducted in situ manipulative field experiments to evaluate the effects of the Atlantic ribbed mussel, Geukensia demissa , on bulk chlorophyll a (µg L − 1 ); absolute cell abundance (individuals mL − 1 ) of plankton groups > 10 μm in diameter (i.e., pennate and centric diatoms, dinoflagellates, and heterotrophic nano- and microzooplankton); and relative cell abundance (%) of plankton trophic levels (i.e., auto-, mixo-, and heterotrophic) across three salt marsh sites in the southeastern U.S. (Georgia and Florida). Mussel grazing reduced both chlorophyll a concentrations and total absolute cell abundances by 120–150% compared to cordgrass only plots and the ambient water column. Mussel effects on plankton groups were consistently strong and negative, ranging from − 1.12 to − 2.51. At two of the three sites, mussels reduced pennate and centric diatoms to a greater extent (> 155%) than dinoflagellates (~ 100%). This selective grazing likely shifted plankton community composition toward a more mixotrophic structure, whereby the relative contribution of autotrophic diatoms declined from roughly 80% and 65% in ambient waters to 70% and 45% in mussel plots, respectively, while the relative abundance of dinoflagellates increased. Given the essential role of the plankton community in mediating the ecological and geochemical functioning of estuaries, our results highlight that, within natural salt marshes, mussels play a significant role each tidal cycle in modifying such functions through their prolific and selective grazing on this community.

Acoustic Indices Reveal Fundamental Differences in Daily Phenology of Tropical and Temperate Forest Soundscapes - Laura M. Berman; Santiago Perea; H. S. Sathya Chandra Sagar; Maia Persche; Grace Ingram; Tatiana Maeda; Natalie Yoh; Jorg Müller; Jens Schlüter; Nicolas Zapata; Ciara Wirth; Gonzalo Rivas‐Torres; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2026)
Aim Forests support the majority of the planet's terrestrial biodiversity, and in recent years the characterisation of soundscapes has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding forest ecosystems, both in terms of ecology and for the purpose of conservation. But it is still poorly understood to what extent generalisations can be made about soundscapes in different parts of the world, and to what extent we should expect soundscapes to differ regionally. Here, we characterise the dominant acoustic features of forest soundscapes on a global scale and establish baseline expectations for how acoustic indices vary among biogeographic realms and biomes. Location Forests in Brunei, Ecuador, Gabon, Germany, Peru, Singapore, Sierra Leone and the USA, a dataset spanning two biomes and five out of six global biogeographic realms where forests occur. Time Period Two to five weeks of continuous audio data from each site collected between 2020 and 2024. Major Taxa Birds, amphibians, insects and mammals. Methods Stratifying data by time and frequency, we calculated four acoustic indices. Principal components analysis was used to compare the similarity of soundscapes across sites. Results Temperate and tropical forest soundscapes clustered separately in principal component analysis. Temperate forests had soundscapes which were uniformly loud during the day across all frequencies and were generally quiet at night. In contrast, all tropical locations had complex soundscapes during both day and night and had banding patterns suggestive of a high diversity of soniferous insects. These banding patterns were created by the unique soniferous community at each site, causing the ‘acoustic fingerprint’ of each site to be most similar to other sites in the same ecoregion and in the same biogeographic realm. The ‘acoustic fingerprints’ of temperate forest differentiated between ecoregions only when dawn was considered separately. Main Conclusions Our results stress the importance of using regional specific baseline data, as soundscapes are not necessarily comparable. Ecoacoustics is growing in popularity as an ecosystem monitoring tool, and understanding how forest soundscapes vary naturally across the globe can provide much needed context for studies that seek to understand factors that may disrupt or alter those soundscapes.

A Conceptual Framework and Methods for Studying the Connectivity of Fishes - Jordanna N. Bergman; Jessica A. Robichaud; Jasper McCutcheon; Michael T. Booth; Brendan Campbell; Grace A. Casselberry; Cienna R. Cooper; Bronwyn M. Gillanders; Lucas P. Griffin; Edward Hale; Luc LaRochelle; Karen J. Murchie; et al. (Fish and Fisheries, 2026)
Connectivity is a multifaceted concept that has important implications for the management and conservation of marine and freshwater fishes. We developed a conceptual framework that encompasses multiple, interrelated categories of connectedness, including landscape (e.g., structural, functional) connectivity and ecological (e.g., trophic, genetic, demographic) connectivity, that together shape the flow of organisms, energy and information across ecosystems. We also synthesised six key methods that can be used to study connectivity of fishes: (1) telemetry, including satellite, acoustic, radio and passive integrated transponders (PIT), (2) mark‐recapture, (3) environmental tracers, including stable isotopes and otolith‐microchemistry, (4) genetics, (5) community structure analysis and (6) emerging technologies and tools (e.g., remote sensing and artificial intelligence). For each method, we describe the categories of connectivity it can assess and provide real‐world examples where they have been effectively used. We also identify limitations of each method. This article highlights the diverse and evolving toolbox of methods used to assess fish connectivity, underscoring the need for continued collaboration, innovation and integration of new approaches to refine our understanding and address remaining challenges in this critical area of aquatic ecology and fisheries management.

Endoluminal Catheter Pulsed Field Ablation for the Treatment of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease - Zaid S. Salameh; Edward J. Jacobs; Rafael V. Davalos (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2026)
Purpose Atherosclerotic vascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current treatments such as angioplasty, stenting, and atherectomy are invasive and limited by restenosis, thrombosis, and incomplete long-term efficacy. Pulsed field ablation (PFA), a nonthermal electroporation-based modality, has demonstrated safety in other cardiovascular applications, but it has not been applied for the treatment of endoluminal vascular diseases. We investigated whether pulsed electric fields could be delivered within the coronary artery and if PFA could selectively ablate the cellular components of atherosclerotic plaques. Methods An endoluminal bipolar PFA probe was fabricated using a balloon catheter with flexible electrodes and evaluated in potato and ex vivo porcine hearts. The electrical conductivities of human atherosclerotic plaques were derived from previous impedance measurements for patient-specific multi-tissue and single-cell electroporation modeling. PFA was then evaluated for selective decellularization within an electrical conductivity-matched 3D fibrotic atherosclerosis tissue mimic using high concentrations of human macrophages and aggregated oxidized low-density lipoproteins, encapsulated within a collagen matrix. Results Endoluminal probe positioning and high-voltage pulsed electric field delivery feasibility was established within the porcine left coronary arteries, with susequent potato lesions experiments demonstrating maximum ablations (6.99 cm 2 ) and current (13 A) with equal treatment parameters. The multi-tissue model then indicated that endoluminal PFA can effectively cover > 95% of severe and thick plaques with irreversible electroporation, with single-cell modeling supporting the electroporation of foam cells within the plaque. The 3D atherosclerosis mimic validated the ability of PFA to completely ablate the foam cells with fibrotic tissue at > 1000 V/cm. Conclusions This study provides practical demonstration of PFA for the treatment of atherosclerotic vascular disease. By combining experimental validation with computational modeling, we establish proof-of-concept that endoluminal PFA can selectively ablate diseased cells while preserving extracellular architecture, laying the groundwork for future translational development of this therapy.

A Sensitive Schiff Base Probe for UV-visible Spectral and Colorimetric Detection of Cu2+, Al3+, and Fe3+: Spectroscopic and DFT Studies - Gujuluva Gangatharan Vinoth Kumar; Munusamy Settu; J. Edward Jeyakumar; Hari Kumar S; V. Raju (Journal of Fluorescence, 2026)

Sex and APOE genotype specific brain regional vulnerability to Alzheimer's Disease - Qi Zeng; Minghui Wang; Erming Wang; Xianxiao Zhou; Peng Xu; Vahram Haroutunian; Dongming Cai; Bin Zhang; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; et al. (GeroScience, 2026)
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), and regional vulnerability was assessed with a composite vulnerability score (CVS) derived from associations between diffusion features and AD severity across clinical traits in each of the four sex-APOE groups (female or male, with or without APOE4). Brain parcellation with the Eve atlas revealed regions consistently affected across sex-APOE groups (e.g., parahippocampal and superior temporal gyri) and regions specific to individual groups (e.g., the cingulum in females with APOE4 and the middle frontal gyrus in males without APOE4). Gene co-expression network analysis of the matched blood expression data identified gene subnetworks linked to group-specific regional vulnerability, including a muscle tissue morphogenesis module regulated by NEURL1B and HIST1H2BN associated with middle frontal gyrus vulnerability. These findings demonstrate that sex and APOE genotype jointly shape region-specific WM vulnerability and its molecular signatures in AD. Understanding these interactions provides novel mechanistic insights and may inform precision approaches to drug development, biomarker discovery, and clinical trial design for AD.

From magma to macrophage: the grand challenges of volcanic environments - Catherine A. Mériaux; Edward Ntim Gasu; Guillaume Nyagatare; Vicky Ruganzu; Philbert Ntivuguruzwa; Mwumvaneza Mutagoma; Atalay Ayele; Julyan H. E. Cartwright; Valérie Cayol; Laurent Charlet; Claudia Corradino; Antonio Costa; et al. (Bulletin of Volcanology, 2026)
The interdisciplinary study of volcanic processes, which extend across all timescales and lengths, requires a multitude of approaches, ranging from analogue and numerical modelling to observations and fieldwork and extending to mathematics. A conference was held at the East African Institute for Fundamental Research, affiliated with the University of Rwanda, a country which, along with the Democratic Republic of Congo, presents a unique geodynamic context. Located along the East African Rift, an active seismic region, Rwanda is close to two of Africa's most active volcanoes, including Nyiragongo, which overlooks Lake Kivu, a deep volcanic lake rich in dissolved carbon dioxide and methane, the latter of which is used for electricity generation. In this context, the conference addressed many “classic” volcanological topics and their modern advances, such as multiphase lava flows, subsurface magma propagation, seismic and deformation signals from a volcano, modelling of volcanic emission dispersion, and volcanic lakes. Yet, it broadened the discussion to the volcanic particle-water interface and its impact on soils, volcanoes and climate change, and volcanoes and health. This article aims to highlight and share the richness of the integration and interconnectedness of the various questions related to a volcanic environment, as well as their impact on society. Ultimately, this conference also demonstrated the importance of promoting science in Africa and developing countries so that the next generation of African researchers is equipped to address the challenges facing their nations.

Non-cognitive skills and willingness to participate in drought index crop insurance in Ghana - Edward Martey; John K. M. Kuwornu; Francis H. Kemeze; Prince M. Etwire; Emmanuel K. Apiors; Mario J. Miranda (Climate and Development, 2026)

Plastic ingestion by Cory's and Scopoli's shearwaters (Calonectris spp.) from the north-eastern Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea - Jan A. van Franeker; Edward Soldaat; Joël Bried; Jacob González-Solís; Francis Zino; Manuel Biscoito; John J. Borg; Federico Tossani; Marco Parolini; Susanne Kühn (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2026)

Evaluating the performance differences between standard and elasticized EPS used in integral abutments - Yasin Karakus; Burak F. Tanyu; Erol Guler; Edward J. Hoppe (Transportation Geotechnics, 2026)

Elevated organic carbon in African Dark Earths is not exclusively attributable to pyrogenic organic matter - Maura P. Slocum; Riley B. Barton; Sasha J. Wagner; Johannes Lehmann; Dawit Solomon; Edward Yeboah; Alain F. Plante (Science of The Total Environment, 2026)

Circadian modulation of core temperature and thermoregulatory strain during live-fire compartment exposure in firefighters - Benoit Mauvieux; Adrian Markov; Stéphane Besnard; Yvan Touitou; Ben J. Edwards (Journal of Thermal Biology, 2026)

Uncovering UK coastal legacy wastes and their potential contaminant release risks through mineralogy and geochemistry - Patrizia Onnis; Elin Jennings; Violeta Ramos; Alex L. Riley; Catherine J. Gandy; Rich A. Crane; Ian T. Burke; Gavyn K. Rollinson; Patrick Byrne; Bryan M. Spears; Justyna P. Olszewska; Will M. Mayes; et al. (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2026)

Microbial reduction of low-crystallinity tripuhyite (FeSbO4): Implications for Sb(V) cycling in contaminated environments - Yidan Zhang; Maxim I. Boyanov; Edward J. O’Loughlin; Kenneth M. Kemner; Yun Seo Jang; Man Jae Kwon (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2026)

Hormetic effects of chemical contaminants on animal development: Mechanisms, phenotypes, and ecological implications - Evgenios Agathokleous; Peter Pressman; Edward J. Calabrese; David Costantini; Raul Narciso C. Guedes; A. Wallace Hayes; Vittorio Calabrese (Environmental Pollution, 2026)

The Sedimentary geochemistry and paleoenvironments project phase 2 data release: An open data resource for the study of Earth's environmental history - Úna C. Farrell; Hunter C. Olson; Maya O. Thompson; Michelle L. Abshire; Oyeleye O. Adeboye; Anne-Sofie C. Ahm; Lewis J. Alcott; Thomas J. Algeo; Ross P. Anderson; Arif H. Ansari; Lucas Pinto Heckert Bastos; Kohen W. Bauer; et al. (Chemical Geology, 2026)

Potential of Spread Field Imaging Collimation Technology in SPECT to Differentiate Sub-endocardial and Sub-epicardial Regions: A Phantom Study - Yi-Hwa Liu; Richard Palyo; Divyani Goyal; Chi Liu; Zhiqiang Mu; Zhong Tao; Albert J. Sinusas; Edward J. Miller; Zhiping Mu (Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering, 2026)

Acute nutritional ketosis during early recovery from aerobic exercise does not affect skeletal muscle transcriptomic response in humans - Erick Mosquera-Lopez; Julien Louis; Jason P. Edwards; Jamie Pugh; Mark R. Viggars; Daniel J. Owens; Jose L. Areta (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2026)
Purpose Nutritional ketosis is purported to enhance skeletal muscle recovery and adaptation to exercise, yet precise adaptive mechanisms are unknown. We investigated the post-exercise molecular response to ketone monoesters (KME) in skeletal muscle by characterising the early transcriptomic response. Methods Following a randomised, double-blind, crossover design, recreationally active men (n = 9, age: 26 ± 5 (means ± SD) y; V̇O 2max : 47 ± 4 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 ) completed two experimental trials where they ingested either 1.25 g·kg −1 of KME or a taste-matched placebo (PLA) drink during exercise (90-min cycling at 60% of V̇O 2max ) and 3-h recovery. Blood samples were taken throughout for hormone and metabolite analyses, and muscle biopsies were taken at baseline and 3 h post-exercise for glycogen and genome-wide gene expression analyses. Results Recovery ßHB concentrations were higher in KME (4.1 ± 0.7 mM) vs PLA (0.1 ± 0.0 mM, P < 0.001). Erythropoietin (EPO) showed a main effect of time ( P = 0.044), but no condition effect ( P = 0.087) or interaction ( P = 0.318). Skeletal muscle glycogen decreased post-exercise (−57%, P < 0.001) as expected, but showed no condition effect ( P = 0.889) or interaction ( P = 0.907). We measured the expression of 16,898 genes, and despite a clear time effect on the skeletal muscle transcriptome (1561 differentially expressed genes post vs pre-exercise; q < 0.05 fold change > ± 1.5), there was no effect of condition. Conclusions KME did not demonstrate an effect on EPO concentration, muscle glycogen or transcriptome, suggesting DNA translation is likely not a process directly regulated by acute ketonaemia that increases early post-exercise.

Metabolic cost of external work: a novel CPET parameter optimises characterisation of exercise performance in obese individuals - Jennifer J. Rayner; Rebecca R. Chamley; Robert Barker Davies; Oliver O’Sullivan; Peter Ladlow; Alex N. Bennett; Edward D. Nicol; Oliver J. Rider; David A. Holdsworth (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2026)
Purpose Both obesity and cardiorespiratory fitness are crucial determinants of symptoms and prognosis. However, interpreting the gold-standard cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is complicated by increasing body size and varying body composition. We hypothesised that the ‘metabolic cost of external work’ (or oxygen uptake (ml/min)/workload (Watts); V̇O 2 /W), a body weight-independent determinant of endurance capacity, would reflect metabolic health more accurately than V̇O 2 alone. Methods A test cohort of 160 fit individuals underwent anthropomorphic and metabolic assessment, maximal bicycle ergometer CPET, and six-minute walk test (6MWT). V̇O 2 /W was calculated at VT1 and peak. The performance of V̇O 2 /W was validated in 62 older, less fit individuals, undergoing the same protocol. 24 obese volunteers were assigned a weight loss intervention, and the impact on V̇O 2 /W examined. Results In both test and validation cohort, V̇O 2 /W at VT1 and peak correlated with 6MWT distance, more strongly than standard CPET parameters. Including V̇O 2 /W improved the accuracy of predicting 6MWT distance. V̇O 2 /W correlated with BMI, insulin sensitivity and waist-to-hip ratio. Metabolic cost falls with weight loss, in parallel to metabolic and functional improvements, in contrast to other CPET parameters. Conclusion Metabolic cost is strongly associated with functional capacity and metabolic health across a range of body weight and fitness, outperforming standard CPET metrics. It is a simple measure which may improve our assessment of the extent to which exertional symptoms are determined by metabolic factors in an individual, and thereby target the most appropriate intervention to those who will benefit most. Graphical Abstract

Meal Preparation Strategies and Lack of Food Security Among Unaccompanied Latino Migrant Farmworker Youth in Georgia and Florida: A Mixed-Methods Approach - Fiorella L. Carlos Chavez; Kaleea R. Lewis; Bethany A. Moore; Tracy Tang; Edward D. Vargas; Joan M. Hermsen; Rebecca E. Lee; Youngbin Lee; Irma A. Arteaga; Khushi Bypan; J. Sanford Rikoon; Thomas A. Arcury (Journal of Agromedicine, 2026)

Phosphorus–goethite interactions: A review of mechanisms, environmental implications, and industrial relevance - Niloofar Karimian; Mark I. Pownceby; Edward D. Burton; Andrew J. Frierdich (Science of The Total Environment, 2026)

National-scale river water quality in the Philippines: establishing baselines in a mineralised megadiverse nation - Emma Biles; Richard David Williams; Decibel Faustino-Eslava; Loucel Cui; Francis Ian Gonzalvo; Kim Bryan Cabrera; Manilyn Casa; Craig MacDonell; Maria Regina V. Regalado; Laura Quick; Justine Perry Domingo; Trevor Hoey; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2026)

Pleistocene speciation and isolation-by-distance within North American mud and rainbow snakes - Edward A. Myers; Alexander D. McKelvy; Dirk J. Stevenson; Frank T. Burbrink (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2026)

Influence of individual animal characteristics on beef cattle performance while grazing northern temperate rangeland - Francisco J. Novais; Carolyn J. Fitzsimmons; Hailey Bolen; Le Luo Guan; Changxi Li; John A. Basarab; Amir Behrouzi; Cameron N. Carlyle; Sydney G. Lopes; Ankhtsetseg Battur; Sangweon Na; Temitope Oloyede; et al. (Livestock Science, 2026)

Sedimentation and formation of Late Cretaceous and Paleogene ironstones in ancient epicontinental West Siberian Sea - Maxim Rudmin; Edward J. Matheson; Alexey Ruban (Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2026)

Hormesis induced by persistent organic pollutants: Mechanisms, ecological implications, and challenges for risk assessment - Evgenios Agathokleous; Haitao Liu; Peter Pressman; Jian-Gang Han; A. Wallace Hayes; Edward J. Calabrese (Environmental Pollution, 2026)

Fractionated nickel isotopic compositions in the subducting slab – implications for mantle heterogeneity - Naomi J. Saunders; Baptiste Debret; Jason Harvey; Edward Inglis; Alex N. Halliday (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2026)

Iono non-hydrothermal (INH) method for synthesis of highly ordered mesoporous silica materials - Hosein Ghaedi; Jiawen Fu; Xin Meng; Yang Liu; Yeshui Zhang; Shakil Ahmed Jiskani; Abdul Raheem; Ming Zhao; Paul S. Fennell; Edward J. Anthony (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2026)

High-temperature CO2 capture and in-situ conversion over bifunctional Na2ZrO3 self-catalyst/sorbent for circular CO production - Ke Wang; Pengfei Zhao; Ting Zhou; Yanjun Wu; Tianyu Wang; Paul S. Fennell; Edward J. Anthony (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2026)

Microtopography and surface features of the mid-Pleistocene Kalkkop impact crater and Palaeolake, South Africa - K.L. Kirsten; A.F. Blackwood; D.L. Delaney; T.R. Edwards; F. Fourie; T. Haberzettl; K. Hadebe; J. Hellstrom; M. Huber; M. Keebine; A.M. Muasya; A.H.I. Razafimanantsoa; et al. (CATENA, 2026)

Embracing dishonesty: How LNT became king - Edward J. Calabrese; Paul B. Selby (Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2026)

Seascape diversity and configuration shape habitat selection across multiple coastal ecosystems - Jesse D. Mosman; Hayden P. Borland; Ashley J. Rummell; Christopher J. Henderson; Sam Allan; Alec Bannam; Stacy L. Bierwagen; Michael J. Bradley; Alex B. Carter; Daniela M. Ceccarelli; Robert Coles; Michael J. Emslie; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2026)

Hydroxyl (OH) radical oxidation of surfactant films formed from woodland aerosol particulate material at the air-water interface - Edward J. Stuckey; Rebecca J.L. Welbourn; Tobias W.D. Robson; Connor R. Barker; Matthew Wilkinson; James I.L. Morison; Martin D. King (Atmospheric Environment, 2026)

Correction to: Granulopoietic Dysregulation in a Patient-Tailored Mouse Model of Barth Syndrome - Elizabeth A. Sierra Potchanant; Maegan L. Capitano; Donna M. Edwards; Baskar Ramdas; Scott Cooper; James Ropa; S. Louise Pay; Aditya Sheth; Paige L. Snider; Hilary J. Vernon; Ngoc-Tung Tran; Reuben Kapur; et al. (Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 2026)

Broad Synthesis of Factors and Mechanisms Contributing to Time-dependent Increase in Axial Capacity of Driven, Jacked, and Vibrated Piles - Edward J. Smith (Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2026)
Soil/pile set-up is a complex phenomenon that refers to the increase in axial geotechnical capacity of driven, jacked, or vibrated piles with time after installation. The phenomenon is affected by a range of factors and mechanisms related to the ground conditions, pile size and geometry, pile material, installation method, testing protocol, loading history, and environmental conditions. Due to the range of mechanisms that affect set-up response, and the complex pile-soil interactions that occur during installation and which give rise to these mechanisms, understanding the set-up phenomenon and estimating the capacity increase with time in a broadly applicable manner remains an outstanding research question. This paper summarises the factors and mechanisms currently understood to affect set-up based on an extensive body of available research undertaken over the past 80 years to provide a reference for practical use and to facilitate further research. From a practicing engineer’s perspective, this summary is intended to increase awareness of the propensity for set-up on a particular site, which may help limit delays as contractors wait for piles to demonstrate capacity, or allow for more efficient designs where time permits incorporation of set-up over a longer period to optimise pile capacity calculations.

Algal Symbionts Indicate Heatwave Vulnerability in Corals From Hotspots but Not From Thermal Refugia - Daisy Buzzoni; Liam Lachs; Elizabeth Beauchamp; Leah Bukurou; John Bythell; Alasdair J. Edwards; Yimnang Golbuu; Adriana Humanes; Helios M. Martinez; Geory Mereb; Julia K. Baum; James R. Guest (Molecular Ecology, 2026)
Reef‐building corals face continued declines due to climate change‐amplified marine heatwaves. In addition to affecting coral heat tolerance, corals' algal endosymbionts (family Symbiodiniaceae) can reflect their prior heatwave exposure, although understanding is often limited to heatwave‐induced shifts between symbiont genera. Here, we used ITS2 metabarcoding to characterise Symbiodiniaceae assemblages in 293 individuals of the common Indo‐Pacific coral Acropora aff. digitifera in Palau (Western Pacific), between two outer‐reef regions with contrasting heatwave histories. During the strongest recorded heatwaves, southwestern ‘hotspot’ reefs have typically accrued an additional 2°C‐weeks of heat stress compared to thermal ‘refugia’ located 60 km north. In contrast to previous studies that observed declines in symbiont richness following heat stress, we found a greater diversity of symbiont taxa and low‐abundance sequence variants in ‘hotspot’ corals, predominantly within the C40 lineage in genus Cladocopium . Combining these data with experimental heatwave performance from 168 of these corals revealed that approximately 10% of heat tolerance variability at hotspot reefs was associated with hosting different symbiont taxa. Compared to other hotspot corals, those hosting symbionts with the C15h sequence variant suffered bleaching mortality at 0.8°C‐weeks lower heat stress. Despite higher variability in heat tolerance among corals from thermal refugia compared to hotspot reefs, we found no association between heat tolerance and the symbionts hosted by refugium corals. As the world's coral reefs are exposed to intensifying marine heatwaves under accelerating climate change, the low‐abundance variants that characterise symbionts within genera or lineages may become increasingly important indicators of poor heatwave tolerance.

Corridors and Reservoirs: An Analysis of Inter‐Andean Historical Biogeography - Sophie G. Dauerman; Chase D. Brownstein; Lan Wei; Anri Chomentowska; Patrick W. Sweeney; Erika J. Edwards (Journal of Biogeography, 2026)
Aim The Andes are a global biodiversity hotspot, and the formation of this mountain range is linked to the rapid diversification of many lineages across the Tree of Life. The high species richness of the Andes might also act as a reservoir for lineages to disperse across the South American continent. Recent syntheses of Andean geological history and the accumulation of phylogenetic studies of different Andean clades present an opportunity for a synthesis of the historical biogeography of the Andean biota. Location The Andes. Taxon All taxonomic groups. Methods We conducted a meta‐analysis of phylogenetic studies, scoring disjunction events within and out of the Andes inferred from biogeographic reconstructions. Results We show that, across time and clades, dispersals among regions in the Andes are approximately as common as dispersals out of the Andes. The greatest number of extra‐Andean disjunctions originated from the northern Andes, even though the northern section of this mountain range is the most recently uplifted. There has been continued bi‐directional movement within the Andes over the last 50 million years. Dispersals northward occur at a slightly, but significantly, greater rate than dispersals southward. Andean plant crown clades tended to be older than animal crown clades, which almost exclusively originate in the last 30 million years. Main Conclusions Our findings reveal that the Andes have equally acted as a reservoir and a corridor of biodiversity across clades with widely divergent dispersal strategies.

Strong Variation in Land‐Use Change Impacts on Tropical Avian Phylogenetic Diversity Between Ecoregions Highlights the Need to Sample Large Spatial Scales - Giovanny Pérez; Simon C. Mills; Jacob B. Socolar; Jose M. Ochoa Quintero; Robert P. Freckleton; Torbjørn Haugaasen; James J. Gilroy; David P. Edwards (Global Change Biology, 2026)
Forest conversion for agriculture is a major cause of tropical biodiversity loss, but its impacts vary with spatial scale. Higher species turnover in forests than in farmland means that land‐use change causes greater biodiversity loss at broader than at local scales, yet broad‐scale assessments are scarce. Phylogenetic diversity is increasingly prioritised in conservation to protect evolutionary history under global change, yet how deforestation‐driven changes in phylogenetic diversity scale spatially and accumulate in regions of high species turnover remains unclear. We compiled a large field database from across 13 biogeographically diverse regions affected by deforestation for cattle farming, covering most of Colombia, a megadiverse tropical country. Using occupancy models, we estimated bird communities for 1547 (936 observed plus 611 never‐observed) species across ecoregions and nationally in both forest and pasture habitats to quantify changes in phylogenetic diversity metrics and determine whether these impacts are dependent on spatial scale. We found an average loss of 2300 Myr of phylogenetic diversity at the country scale, with most species negatively affected across the phylogeny. Although single regional‐scale relative loss was on average comparable to broader scales, there was high variability between regional units. The latter was especially critical when evaluating metrics of evolutionary distinctiveness, which are key indicators for biodiversity conservation planning. Such underestimation of national‐scale impacts highlights the importance of sampling across multiple regions. Immediate conservation action is needed to safeguard evolutionarily unique species and prevent phylogenetic homogenisation driven by agricultural expansion across spatial scales—a threat often underestimated due to assessments limited to single biogeographic regions.

Age and Growth of Greater Amberjack (Seriola dumerili) in the Gulf of America - Debra J. Murie; Daryl C. Parkyn; Geoffrey H. Smith; Edward Leonard; Amanda Croteau; Robert Allman; Ashley Pacicco; Jessica L. Carroll; Brett J. Falterman; Nicole Smith (Fishes, 2025)
Greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) are large reef fish important in fisheries in the southeastern USA, with the Gulf of America stock unsustainably harvested over most of the past two decades. Its age-based stock assessment and recovery plan depend on age and growth information. In this study, 7658 greater amberjack were sampled from the west coast of Florida and off Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana in the Gulf from 1991 to 2018. Fish were aged using cross-sectioned sagittal otoliths, with accompanying data on their length, sex, location (state), and type of fishery. Overall, the greater amberjack that were landed in the recreational and commercial fisheries were between 2 and 19 years of age, with the majority between 3 and 5 years old (>80%), and were primarily caught using hook-and-line gear (95%). Sex- and state-specific growth differences were evident based on von Bertalanffy growth models, with females significantly larger at age than males in both Florida and Louisiana (which included Mississippi and Alabama due to low sample size), and females in Louisiana larger at age than females in Florida. Sex ratios in the recreational catches of Florida and Louisiana were skewed towards females (>1.5 female per male), especially for fish ≥1000 mm fork length (>2.3 female per male). Accounting for sex-specific and region-specific growth differences may, in part, help to explain the notably high variability in the overall growth model for greater amberjack in the Gulf.

Perspectives on beach seine fishing in the Western Indian Ocean: A review - Gladys M. Okemwa; George W. Maina; Edward N. Kimani; Almubarak Abubakar; Mathew O. Silas; Catherine Mwakosya; Bernadine Everett; Rui J. Mutombene; Janet Mwangata; Hassan Yussuf; Willys Osore (Marine Policy, 2025)

A decision support tool for rubble stabilization on coral reefs - Shu Kiu Leung; Tania M. Kenyon; Laurie J. Raymundo; Helen E. Fox; Nathan Cook; Kailash Cook; Alasdair J. Edwards; Eric E. Fisher; Arnaud J.T. Brival; Freda E. Nicholson; Robin W.L. Philippo; Andrew C.F. Taylor; et al. (Journal of Environmental Management, 2025)

Phosphate-modulated transformation of Sb(V)-bearing ferrihydrite under microbial iron- and sulfate-reducing conditions - Yun Seo Jang; Yidan Zhang; Maxim I. Boyanov; Edward J. O’Loughlin; Lucie Stetten; Kenneth M. Kemner; Man Jae Kwon (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2025)

Caputo fractional model of banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) transmission with memory and stakeholder awareness - John J. Mapinda; Alfred K. Hugo; Jairos K. Shinzeh; Stephen Edward (Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 2025)

Congener Conflict: Invasive Barred Owl Landscape Use Across the Range of the Northern Spotted Owl - Julianna M. A. Jenkins; Natalie M. Rugg; Raymond J. Davis; Scott A. Gremel; Aaron Henderson; Edward Henson; Mark Higley; Holly D. Horan; Christopher McCafferty; Thomas Munger; David Press; Suzanne Reffler; et al. (Journal of Biogeography, 2025)
Aim To map the probability of landscape use of invading barred owls ( Strix varia ) across the range of the threatened northern spotted owl ( S. Occidentallis Caurina ) in the Pacific Northwest, USA , identifying environmental drivers of barred owl landscape use to inform targeted management interventions. Location Forests of the Pacific Northwest, USA. Taxon Barred Owl ( Strix varia ). Methods We deployed 4081 autonomous recording units ( ARUs ) within 1027 randomly selected long‐term monitoring sites consisting of 5‐km 2 hexagons in 2023. We processed audio recordings using convolutional neural networks to detect vocalisations. We applied single‐season occupancy models at both ARU station and hexagon scales to estimate barred owl landscape use and assess associations with environmental variables. Using top models, we mapped barred owl landscape use across the full US range of the northern spotted owl, an umbrella species for conservation of the pacific northwest old‐growth forest community. Results Barred owls were widely detected, with naïve occupancy at 86.8% at the 5‐km 2 hexagon scale. We observed regional variation, with the highest landscape use in the Oregon Coast region and lower landscape use in California regions and the Washington Eastern Cascades. Landscape use was positively associated with mature forest characteristics at both broad and fine scales and negatively associated with elevation and climatic water deficit. Cumulative detection probability exceeded 90% after 2 weeks at the hexagon scale and 4 weeks at the station scale, providing guidance for future barred owl monitoring efforts. Main Conclusions Our study reveals extensive, but not ubiquitous, barred owl distribution across the range of the northern spotted owl. The findings offer a decision‐support framework for prioritising targeted management actions, particularly in regions with lower rates of barred owl landscape use. The integration of passive acoustic monitoring and AI‐based detection demonstrates a scalable approach for invasive species monitoring and conservation planning to meet management objectives in dynamic forest landscapes.

Experimental investigation of track substructure bearing pressures with under tie pads (UTPs) - Arthur de O. Lima; Jaeik Lee; J. Riley Edwards (Transportation Geotechnics, 2025)

Gestational exposure to micro and nanoplastics differentially impacts cardiac development and function in male and female rats throughout the lifespan - Chelsea M. Cary; Samantha Adams; Gina M. Moreno; Talia N. Seymore; Marianne Polunas; Michael J. Goedken; Xiang Wang; Edward J. Yurkow; Phoebe A. Stapleton (Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2025)

Late Quaternary environmental change in eastern Beringia - Alistair J. Monteath; Mary E. Edwards; Duane Froese; Lesleigh Anderson; Benjamin V. Gaglioti; Scott L. Cocker; Julie Brigham-Grette; Matthew J. Wooller; Bruce Finney; Mark B. Abbott (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2025)

High yield stability and susceptibility to stripe rust associate with large yield gaps in rainfed winter wheat - Nicolas Giordano; Victor O. Sadras; Mary J. Guttieri; Trevor J. Hefley; Jorge A. Romero Soler; Clark Neely; Jeffrey T. Edwards; Amanda de Oliveira Silva; Allan K. Fritz; Romulo P. Lollato (Field Crops Research, 2025)

Investigating 210Pb boundary scavenging on a high-energy, river-dominated margin - Evan R. Flynn; Steven A. Kuehl; Courtney K. Harris; J. Jotautas Baronas; Edward T. Tipper (Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2025)

A systematic review of directions in animal enclosure use studies - James Edward Brereton; Jenna Davison; Alex Vine; Shelby Renee Brereton; Eduardo J. Fernandez (Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 2025)

Learning your individual inferences: A guide for overcoming statistical challenges in small-N studies - Eduardo J. Fernandez; James Edward Brereton; Jono Tuke (Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 2025)

Functions and clinical implications of the liver microenvironment in hepatic uveal melanoma metastases - Camille J. Cunanan; Alyssa B. Sanders; Kayla C. Gallant; Rino S. Seedor; Edward J. Hartsough (Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, 2025)
Uveal melanoma (UM) is an aggressive intraocular malignancy in adults arising from the melanocytes of the uveal tract. While primary UM lesions can be successfully treated, ~ 50% of UM patients develop metastases primarily in the liver. Patients with liver metastatic UM (LMUM) have poor prognosis and few therapeutic options. LMUM lesions are unresponsive to standard chemotherapies, targeted therapies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors — an effect at least in part associated with the detoxification function of the liver and the diverse hepatic immunological landscape. Here, we recount the etiology and molecular mechanisms in the development of LMUM, examine the influences of the hepatic tumor microenvironment (TME) on UM liver tropism, and review how the innate and peripheral immune response contributes to LMUM progression and therapeutic efficacy. The unique immunological properties of the liver coupled with the distinct growth patterns of LMUM lesions present significant challenges for developing effective treatments that can overcome this specialized microenvironment. Improved understanding of the interplay between the liver and LMUM is essential for the development of more effective diagnostic techniques and improved therapeutic outcomes.

Proof-of-concept for sterility induction in sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) via a scalable immersion-based gene silencing approach - Yuzo R. Yanagitsuru; Edward S. Hayman; William T. Fairgrieve; Yonathan Zohar; Ten-Tsao Wong; J. Adam Luckenbach (Aquaculture, 2025)

Speciation and leaching behaviour of inorganic contaminants in actively eroding historical coastal municipal solid waste landfills - Ian T. Burke; Patrizia Onnis; Alex L. Riley; Catherine J. Gandy; Violeta Ramos; Gavyn K. Rollinson; Patrick Byrne; Richard A. Crane; Karen A. Hudson-Edwards; Elin Jennings; William M. Mayes; J. Frederick W. Mosselmans; et al. (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2025)

Piloting a culturally significant areas framework for spatial planning and management in the coastal environment of South Africa - Loyiso V. Dunga; Kerry J. Sink; Megan G. Van der Bank; Linda R. Harris; Lara Van Niekerk; Myriam Perschke; Ruan Brand; Judy Mann-Lang; Mike Bruton; Mia Strand; Nina Rivers; Stephen Lamberth; et al. (Marine Policy, 2025)

In vitro co-culture analysis of Caribbean medicinal plant extracts for bacterial vaginosis - Ella Vardeman; Ina Vandebroek; Edward J. Kennelly (Phytochemistry Letters, 2025)

Analysis of host and gut microbial biotransformation products of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) by mass spectrometry - William J. Crandall; Ken H. Liu; Choon M. Lee; Grant Singer; Jaclyn Weinberg; Edward T. Morgan; Dean P. Jones; Cassandra L. Quave (Phytochemistry Letters, 2025)

Untargeted and targeted LC-MS metabolomic analyses of putative chemical defenses in Taenaris butterflies - Belkes N. Stambouli; Ella T. Vardeman; Edward J. Kennelly; David J. Lohman (Phytochemistry Letters, 2025)

High-throughput cell phenotype screening coupled with ion mobility spectrometry of American Aconitum - Yi Zhao; Dennis Y. Liu; Trevor N. Clark; Roger G. Linington; Edward J. Kennelly (Phytochemistry Letters, 2025)

Earliest trace fossil evidence of wood-eating termites (Isoptera) and mites (Oribatida) in circumpolar environments of Australia - Juliana Edwards; Anthony J. Martin; William M.G. Parker; Melissa Lowery; Ankit Dodla; Magdalena Giergiel; Callum Gassner; Bayden R. Wood; Thomas H. Rich; Alistair R. Evans; Patricia Vickers-Rich (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2025)

Phylogeny of Weinmannia (Cunoniaceae) reveals the contribution of the southern extratropics to tropical Andean biodiversity - Ricardo A. Segovia; Eduardo Aguirre-Mazzi; Christine E. Edwards; Alexander G. Linan; Alfredo Fuentes; Andrea Chaspuengal; Kyle G. Dexter; Francisco Fajardo-Gutiérrez; William Farfan-Rios; Nora H. Oleas; Juan C. Penagos Zuluaga; J. Sebastián Tello (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2025)

Hidden Nutrient Gaps: The Association Between Healthy Eating index-2020 Scores and Micronutrient Gaps - C. Edwards; J. Townsend; P. Sapp; T. Kirby; L. Nyman; R. Esposito (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2025)

AG1® Supplementation Improves Gut Microbiome Composition and Relative Abundance of Growth/Nutrient Metabolism Gene Pathways in Adults with Occasional Gastrointestinal Issues - T. Kirby; J. Townsend; P. Sapp; C. Edwards; J. Wright; R. Lamendella; L. Nyman; R. Esposito (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2025)

Functional traits mediate the effect of environmental conditions on tree growth of common Andean trees - Eduardo Aguirre-Mazzi; Carla Maldonado; Leslie Cayola; Alfredo F. Fuentes; M. Isabel Loza; Christine E. Edwards; J. Sebastián Tello (Forest Ecology and Management, 2025)

Integrated high-temperature CO2 capture and conversion over mixed CaO-NaAlO2 bifunctional sorbent-catalyst using a passivation strategy - Pengfei Zhao; Jian Gong; Zepeng Yang; Ke Wang; You Ding; Jie Chen; Edward J. Anthony (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025)

More fraudulent history of cancer risk assessment: The US National Academy of Sciences Biological Effects of Atomic Radiation (BEAR) I Genetics Panel used falsified data greatly exaggerating hereditary/cancer risks - Edward J. Calabrese; Paul B. Selby (Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2025)

Granulopoietic Dysregulation in a Patient-Tailored Mouse Model of Barth Syndrome - Elizabeth A. Sierra Potchanant; Maegan L. Capitano; Donna M. Edwards; Baskar Ramdas; Scott Cooper; James Ropa; S. Louise Pay; Aditya Sheth; Paige L. Snider; Hilary J. Vernon; Ngoc-Tung Tran; Reuben Kapur; et al. (Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 2025)
Barth syndrome (BTHS) is an X-linked recessive disorder characterized by cardiomyopathy, skeletal muscle myopathy and fatigue, growth restriction, and neutropenia. Neutropenia increases the risk of life-threatening bacterial infections, a major cause of death in individuals with BTHS. Currently, there is no curative treatment for BTHS or associated neutropenia. The development of therapeutic strategies to correct BTHS-associated neutropenia has been hindered by a limited understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. BTHS is caused by a mutation in the Tafazzin gene encoding a transacylase required for the maturation of cardiolipin, an inner mitochondrial membrane phospholipid crucial for mitochondrial structure and function. We introduced a BTHS patient’s point mutation ( TAZ D75H ) into the mouse Tafazzin enzyme’s critical acyltransferase site using CRISPR/Cas9 -mediated genome editing, resulting in a patient-tailored point mutant knock-in BTHS model ( Taz D75H ) that expresses a stable mutant Taz D75H protein lacking transacylase activity. Taz D75H mice were then used to investigate how loss of Tafazzin enzymatic activity impacts hematopoiesis. Male Taz D75H mice exhibited impaired granulopoiesis and neutropenia secondary to impaired function of hematopoietic progenitors. Furthermore, they demonstrated age-dependent neutrophil maturation impairment reflecting the variable neutropenia observed in BTHS patients. Additionally, male Taz D75H mice exhibit chronic lymphopenia that persists post Taz D75H bone marrow transplantation. Mechanistically, the TAZ D75H point mutation caused hematopoietic cell mitochondrial dysfunction in patient-derived immortalized TAZ D75H lymphoblasts, increasing reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Likewise, Cyclosporine A treatment rescued these mitochondrial phenotypes in vitro, confirming TAZ D75H mitochondrial dysfunction. Overall, our findings demonstrate that mitochondrial dysfunction secondary to TAFAZZIN loss of enzymatic function underlies BTHS-associated neutropenia and lymphopenia.

Mathematical modeling and optimal control of banana bunchy top disease dynamics - John J. Mapinda; Alfred K. Hugo; Jairos K. Shinzeh; Stephen Edward (Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 2025)

Unveiling the role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB)-induced volatile in the tritrophic interaction for the management of Plutella xylostella (L.) in cauliflower - M. Jayaveni; Y. S. Johnson Thangaraj Edward; A. Suganthi; M. Kannan; R. Anandham; R. Kannan; J. Kousika (Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 2025)

Patterns of coral spawning in the Palm Islands, Great Barrier Reef - Hanaka Mera; Alasdair J. Edwards; James R. Guest; Liam Lachs; Kate M. Quigley; Bette L. Willis; Andrew H. Baird (Coral Reefs, 2025)
Scleractinian reproductive biology has been a focus of research since the discovery of multi-species synchronous spawning in the early 1980s; however, predicting when colonies will spawn on the Great Barrier Reef remains problematic. Here, we combine over 30 years of direct coral spawning observations that include colonies from 128 species from 44 genera in 10 families with 20 years of data on the stage of gamete maturity in colonies of Acropora (hereafter, colony reproductive condition) from the Palm Island group on the Great Barrier Reef to explore patterns within and among species. We find the lunar month counted from the southern hemisphere winter solstice better predicts the first month of spawning in the Palm Islands than the Gregorian month: spawning was never observed before the 5th lunar month. Direct observations suggest that most coral spawning in the Palm Islands occurs in the 5th and 6th lunar months over a 12-day interval starting one day before the full moon, between 30 min before and 5 h after sunset. Split spawning was also a frequent occurrence in Acropora populations. Some Acropora spp. had colonies that spawned in four or five different lunar months, a pattern that might be affected by taxonomic uncertainty. The range in spawning start times was considerably greater among colonies maintained in the laboratory vs those in the field, suggesting that spawning times are affected by handling. This work highlights the importance of a systematic approach to documenting spawning times to improve our understanding of spawning synchrony and seasonality.

Preparing patients with cancer and their providers for climate hazards: the role of qualitative research - Elissa Mauck Klein; Brittany J. Wright; Sara M. St. George; Alejandra Tobon Perez; Leticia M. Nogueira; Gabrielle Wong-Parodi; Edward J. Trapido; Sarah Grey Freylersythe; Reanna Dilsa Clavon; Tracy E. Crane; Zelde Espinel; James M. Shultz (Cancer Causes & Control, 2025)

Perceived discrimination, trust in physicians, and their associations with ovarian cancer mortality among women in the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study - Lindsay J. Collin; Courtney E. Johnson; Maxwell Akonde; Mary Kan; Elisa V. Bandera; Lauren C. Peres; Bo Qin; Michele L. Cote; Anthony Alberg; Edward S. Peters; Theresa A. Hastert; Joellen M. Schildkraut (Cancer Causes & Control, 2025)
Purpose Black women are 30% more likely to die of ovarian cancer than White women. Discrimination may affect cancer health disparities through pathways including socioeconomic disadvantage, chronic stress, and access to care. In this study, we evaluated associations of discrimination and trust in physicians with all-cause mortality among Black women with ovarian cancer. Methods Using data from the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES), we included 592 Black ovarian cancer patients who completed an interview. Discrimination and trust in physicians were measured using the Everyday Discrimination, Major Experiences of Discrimination, and Trust in Physicians scales, respectively. We used Cox proportional hazard models to compute multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associating everyday discrimination, major experiences of discrimination, and trust in physicians with all-cause mortality. Results Approximately 43% reported experiencing at least one major experience of discrimination, 16% reported high everyday experiences of discrimination, and the median trust in physician score was 35. The association between higher experiences of everyday discrimination was HR = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.63, 1.11), compared with low experiences of everyday discrimination. We observed that more major experiences of discrimination had 1.25-times the mortality rate compared with low experiences of major discrimination (95% CI: 0.84, 2.20). Higher trust in physicians was associated with slightly lower mortality rates (HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.74, 1.14). Conclusion We observed complexities in the relationships of everyday discrimination, major experiences of discrimination, and trust in physicians with mortality among Black women with ovarian cancer. Future work to understand the these relationships is likely warranted.

The case of the Hermann J. Muller’s unpublished manuscript entitled: does smoking lengthen life? - Edward J. Calabrese (Archives of Toxicology, 2025)

Combined Evidence Reveals the Origin of a Rapid Range Expansion Despite Retained Genetic Diversity and a Weak Founder Effect - Nora M. Bergman; Petteri Lehikoinen; Edward Kluen; Staffan Bensch; Camilla Lo Cascio Sætre; Fabrice Eroukhmanoff; Frode Fossøy; Petr Procházka; William J. Smith; Bård G. Stokke; Craig R. Primmer; Rose Thorogood; et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2025)
Many species are currently experiencing range shifts in response to changing environmental conditions with potentially serious genetic consequences. Repeated founder events and strong genetic drift are expected to erode genetic variation at the range front, reducing adaptive potential and slowing or even halting the expansion. However, the severity of these consequences for common and highly mobile species undergoing environment‐driven range shifts (c.f. invasions) is less clear. Here, we combined historical observations and contemporary movement data of the common reed warbler ( Acrocephalus scirpaceus ) with genomic evidence from across its European breeding range to (1) infer the origin and (2) quantify the genetic consequences of a recent and rapid northward range expansion. Although there were no reductions in levels of nucleotide diversity or allelic richness, nor a signal of founder effect in the directionality index ( ψ ), our combined dataset approach was able to infer an expansion origin from the southwest. Furthermore, we found that private allelic richness retained a slight but significant linear decline along the colonisation route. These results suggest that high dispersal capabilities can allow even philopatric species to avoid the loss of genetic diversity during rapid range expansions. Nevertheless, if multiple lines of evidence enable identification of an expansion pathway, we may still detect genetic signals of expansion.

Biogeographic variation in the impact of predation and secondary foundation species on the recruitment and growth of sessile mangrove prop root communities - Jessene Aquino-Thomas; Shalondria J. Sears; C. Edward Proffitt (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2025)
Predation and secondary foundation species play crucial roles in structuring sessile mangrove prop root communities. However, their relative importance and their interactions across biogeographic gradients remain poorly understood. This study investigated the impact of predation and secondary foundation species on mangrove prop root epibiont assemblages along a latitudinal gradient in Florida. Predator exclusion treatments were deployed at four sites spanning tropical to temperate zones, and community development was monitored over 6 months. The results showed that the effects of predation shifted with latitude, from increasing the species richness in the south while reducing it in the north. Secondary foundation species, such as sponges, oysters, and barnacles, generally outcompeted other species for space in the early colonization stages, but tended to increase biodiversity when space was not limiting. Secondary foundation species also exhibited context-dependent associations with species richness across the latitudinal gradient. Sponges and oysters tended to enhance the species richness under reduced predation pressure, while barnacles generally had negative effects at higher latitudes. The multivariate analyses revealed that the interaction between predation and latitude explained more variation in the community structure than predation alone, and secondary foundation species contributed significantly to these patterns. The findings support the predation hypothesis and facilitation by secondary foundation species in shaping mangrove prop root community shifts across biogeographic gradients, providing insights into the complex interactions structuring mangrove epibiont communities.

A low-energy solution for the removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins: UV-A LED photolysis - Indira Menezes; Carlos J. Pestana; Christine Edwards; Linda A. Lawton (Chemosphere, 2025)

Drifting fish aggregation devices as a tool to study oceanic marine protected areas - Arthur Blanluet; Edward T. Game; Kydd Pollock; Nicholas H. Wolff; Jason D. Everett; Sandra Neubert; Daniel C. Dunn; Anthony J. Richardson (Fisheries Research, 2025)

P18-65 Advancing the Grouping and Harmonization of Similar Key Events in the AOP Wiki: Ontology-Based Key Event Component Combinations as Catalysts for Integration - J. Filipovska; K. Audouze; J. Blum; L.-A. Clerbaux; E. Coerek; E. Demuynck; S. Edwards; E. Fritsche; L. Gerner; K. Groh; G. Hench; N. Jeliazkova; et al. (Toxicology Letters, 2025)

Dynamic of infectious aerosols generated by cough from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis - Taline Canto Tristão; Mariana Abou Mourad Ferreira; Pedro Sousa de Almeida Júnior; Luiz Guilherme Schmidt Castellani; Manuela Negrelli Brunetti; Edward C. Jones-López; Kevin P. Fennelly; Michael R. Barer; Carlos Henrique Fantecelle; Saulo Almeida Morellato; David Jamil Hadad; Jerrold J. Ellner; et al. (Journal of Aerosol Science, 2025)

The sex matters: sex-biased stimulatory responses to contaminants - Evgenios Agathokleous; Edward J. Calabrese; Giovanni Benelli; David Costantini; Raul Narciso C. Guedes (Environmental Pollution, 2025)

Opportunities to better integrate inland fish and fisheries in multilateral environmental agreements - Abigail J. Lynch; Devin Bartley; T. Douglas Beard, Jr.; Gabriel Borba; Steven J. Cooke; Ian G. Cowx; Vittoria Elliott; Holly Embke; Edith Gondwe; Zeb Hogan; Jonathan G. Low; Jamie C. Madden; et al. (Environmental Science & Policy, 2025)

Decadal change in deep-ocean dissolved oxygen in the North Atlantic Ocean and North Pacific Ocean - Henry A. Ruhl; Christine L. Huffard; Monique Messié; Thomas P. Connolly; Thomas Soltwedel; Frank Wenzhöfer; Rodney J. Johnson; Nicholas R. Bates; Susan Hartman; Anita Flohr; Edward W. Mawji; David M. Karl; et al. (Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2025)

Lowering exposures without considering biology and tradeoffs is not precautionary - Richard A. Williams; Edward J. Calabrese (Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2025)

The mite fauna (Arachnida: Acari) of Gough Island, South Atlantic Ocean: natural colonization, endemism and human introduction - David J. Marshall; Elizabeth A. Hugo-Coetzee; Louise Coetzee; Edward A. Ueckermann; Owen Seeman; Steven L. Chown (Polar Biology, 2025)

Network of networks: Time series clustering of AmeriFlux sites - David E Reed; Housen Chu; Brad G. Peter; Jiquan Chen; Michael Abraha; Brian Amiro; Ray G. Anderson; M. Altaf Arain; Paulo Arruda; Greg A. Barron-Gafford; Carl Bernacchi; Daniel P. Beverly; et al. (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2025)

Sex Differences in Head Acceleration Events in Law Enforcement Corrections Cadets - Carly R. Smith; Enora Le Flao; Samantha N. DeAngleo; Jeffrey J. Wing; Nathan A. Edwards; James A. Onate; Joshua A. Hagen; Scott Paur; Joshua Walters; Jaclyn B. Caccese (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2025)
Purpose Law enforcement cadets (LECs) undergo subject control technique training that may expose them to repetitive head impacts recorded as head acceleration events (HAEs) using instrumented mouthguards. Prior research suggests that sex and/or gender differences in HAE frequency and magnitude vary by sport. This study aimed to examine sex differences in HAE exposure among LECs during training. Methods We collected HAEs from 82 civilian LECs (16 females, mean age = 30 ± 9 years) using instrumented mouthguards. We compared peak linear acceleration (PLA) and peak rotational velocity (PRV) of HAEs > 5 g between sexes using a mixed-effects linear model, with sex and cohort as fixed-effect predictors and a random intercept for subject to account for repeated HAEs within individuals. Additionally, we assessed sex differences in the number of HAEs per athlete exposure using a negative binomial regression controlling for cohort. Results PLA was lower in female than male cadets (e.g., median PLA: females = 10.9 g, males = 12.3 g, p Conclusions Overall, sex differences in HAE frequency and magnitude during subject control technique trainings were minimal. When differences were observed, female cadets exhibited less frequent and less severe HAEs than male cadets. This finding suggests that current training practices, including sex- and/or skill-matched pairing, may effectively reduce HAE exposure risk to females.

An In Vitro test battery using human whole blood for immunotoxicity hazard identification: Proof of concept studies with dexamethasone and benzo(a)pyrene - Victor J. Johnson; Michael I. Luster; Amber Edwards; Michael Kashon; Gary R. Burleson; Florence G. Burleson; Dori R. Germolec (Toxicology, 2025)

Biogeochemical controls on iron speciation and cycling across upland to shoreline gradients in freshwater and estuarine coastal soils (Lake Erie and Chesapeake Bay, United States) - Lucie Stetten; Maxim I. Boyanov; Edward J. O'Loughlin; Shan Pushpajom Thomas; Kathleen R. Beilsmith; Roberta B. Peixoto; Fausto Machado-Silva; Donnie J. Day; Stephanie J. Wilson; Timothy W. Vugteveen; Allison N. Myers-Pigg; Opal Otenburg; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Epidemiologically relevant phthalate mixture and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate exposure alter cell energy metabolism in primary mouse granulosa cells - Mary J. Laws; Stav Kramer; Teegan Gonyea; Justin Huff; Lindsey Edwards; Ilari Tarvainen; Pauliina Damdimopoulou; Jodi A. Flaws (Reproductive Toxicology, 2025)

A novel control volume methodology to constrain ecosystem nutrient cycling within a tidal freshwater river - D.R. Mackenzie; D.R. Tait; J. Sippo; A. Ferguson; Rao S; C. Ralph; B. Stewart; M. Call; M. Reading; M. Andskog; D. Laicher-Edwards; D.T. Maher (Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2025)

Varying climate signals embedded in latewood blue intensity along an elevational gradient: A multi-species case study from the Great Basin, Nevada, USA - Karen E. King; Edward R. Cook; Paul J. Krusic; Daniel J. King (Dendrochronologia, 2025)

Grazing deterrents improve survival of outplanted juvenile corals - Eveline van der Steeg; Adriana Humanes; John C. Bythell; Jamie R. Craggs; Alasdair J. Edwards; Yimnang Golbuu; Liam Lachs; Margaret W. Miller; Janna L. Randle; James R. Guest (Coral Reefs, 2025)
High mortality of juvenile corals hinder both the natural recovery of populations and the successful implementation of restoration efforts. Grazing is a significant cause of juvenile coral mortality, and grazer exclusion devices have been shown to increase juvenile coral survivorship. However, most experiments have used cages that typically alter water flow and light conditions, making it difficult to separate abiotic effects from those of grazing. Here, we test whether grazing deterrents can increase the survival and growth of six-month-old Acropora digitifera juveniles outplanted to a shallow reef crest, using arrangements of two or four long or short masonry nails designed to physically exclude larger grazers (e.g., parrotfish) while minimising abiotic changes. By the end of our study, colonies with deterrents had significantly larger planar area (almost tenfold for the most effective treatment), more branches, greater height, and higher survival than those without deterrents. A critical period in this study was the first week after outplanting when colonies with deterrents had significantly less tissue area loss from grazing than those without. Lower area loss in the first week was associated with significantly higher survival over the following 14 months, with an almost threefold improvement for the most effective treatment. For heavily grazed systems, our study highlights the importance of incorporating grazing deterrents into outplant devices to counteract the negative impact of large grazers on newly outplanted juvenile corals and boost restoration success.

Effects of Interphase and Interpulse Delays on Tissue Impedance and Pulsed Field Ablation - Edward J. Jacobs; Pedro P. Santos; Rafael V. Davalos (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2025)
Purpose High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a pulsed field ablation (PFA) technique that employs a series of high-voltage, microseconds-long positive and negative pulses, separated by interphase (d1) and interpulse (d2) delays to non-thermally ablate tissue. Previous experimental and computational data suggest an impact of delays on nerve excitation and electrochemical effects. However, the impact of delays on PFA outcomes, such as change in resistance and ablation generation, has only recently started to be elucidated. Methods While recording the applied voltage and currents, we delivered a series of increasing voltages, termed voltage ramps, into tuber and cardiac tissues using both needle electrode pairs and flat plate electrodes. Tissues were stained for metabolic activity to measure irreversible electroporation areas following treatment. Results Our findings support previous in vitro data that delays do not significantly affect ablation areas. While there were significant differences in applied current, resistance, and conductivity between different pulse widths at sub-electroporation electric fields, we found no significant differences after inducing electroporation between different delays and pulse widths. Consequently, since delays do not affect ablation areas or local conductivity, the data suggests that delays should not affect the electric field threshold or Joule heating within the tissue. Conclusion The findings presented here provide critical insights into electroporation-dependent tissue conductivity changes from H-FIRE with implications for improving H-FIRE parameterization and computational models for treatment planning in cancer and cardiac pulsed field ablation.

Pathways to Recovery: Genomics and Resistance Assays for Tree Species Devastated by the Myrtle Rust Pathogen - Stephanie H. Chen; Jia‐Yee S. Yap; Veronica Viler; Craig Stehn; Karanjeet S. Sandhu; Julie Percival; Geoff S. Pegg; Tracey Menzies; Ashley Jones; Karina Guo; Fiona R. Giblin; Joel Cohen; et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2025)
Myrtle rust is a plant disease caused by the invasive fungal pathogen Austropuccinia psidii (G. Winter) Beenken, which has a global host list of 480 species. It was detected in Australia in 2010 and has caused the rapid decline of native Myrtaceae species, including rainforest trees Rhodamnia rubescens (Benth.) Miq. (scrub turpentine) and Rhodomyrtus psidioides (G.Don) Benth. (native guava). Ex situ collections of these species have been established, with the goal of preserving remaining genetic variation. Analysis of reduced representation sequencing (DArTseq; n = 444 for R. rubescens and n = 301 for R . psidioides ) showed genetic diversity is distributed along a latitudinal gradient across the range of each species. A panel of samples of each species ( n = 27 for R. rubescens and n = 37 for R . psidioides ) was resequenced at genome scale, revealing large historical effective population sizes, and little variation among individuals in inferred levels of deleterious load. In Rhodamnia rubescens , experimental assays ( n = 297) identified individuals that are putatively resistant to myrtle rust. This highlights two important points: there are tangible pathways to recovery for species that are highly susceptible to rust via a genetically informed breeding programme, and there is a critical need to act quickly before more standing diversity is lost.

Reimagining species on the move across space and time - Alexa L. Fredston; Morgan W. Tingley; Montague H.C. Neate-Clegg; Luke J. Evans; Laura H. Antão; Natalie C. Ban; I-Ching Chen; Yi-Wen Chen; Lise Comte; David P. Edwards; Birgitta Evengard; Belen Fadrique; et al. (Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2025)

Selection of suitable reference gene for gene expression studies in maize-downy mildew pathosystem - Benjamine William P. Cordez; Edward Cedrick J. Fernandez; Jen Daine L. Nocum; Fe M. Dela Cueva; Anand Noel C. Manohar; Darlon V. Lantican (Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 2025)

Laboratory measurements of the expansion characteristics of dust impact plasmas - L. Nouzák; K. Edwards; J. Fontanese; T. Munsat; J. Pavlů; Z. Sternovsky (Icarus, 2025)

Uncovering the World Food Program’s economic footprint in East Africa - Erwin Corong; Justin Kagin; Dominique van der Mensbrugghe; Siddharth Krishnaswamy; Arif Husain; Kennedy Nnanga; Cinzia Monetta; Krishna Pahari; J. Edward Taylor (Food Policy, 2025)

Rural Economy-wide Impacts of Kenya’s Home-Grown School Meals Program - Anubhab Gupta; Miki Khanh Doan; Heng Zhu; Edward Whitney; Mateusz Filipski; Ernesto Gonzalez-Estrada; David Ryckembusch; J. Edward Taylor (Food Policy, 2025)

A 33-year study comparing maize (Zea mays) in forage legume or soybean (Glycine max) rotations to maize monocultures: Nitrogen fertilizer replacement values and maize yields - Chang Liang; Bao-Luo Ma; Malcolm J. Morrison; Edward G. Gregorich; Neil B. McLaughlin; Lianne M. Dwyer (Field Crops Research, 2025)

Putting numbers to a metaphor: A Bayesian Belief Network with which to infer Soil Quality and Health - Kirsty L. Hassall; Joanna Zawadzka; Alice E. Milne; Ronald Corstanje; James A. Harris; A. Gordon Dailey; Aidan M. Keith; Margaret J. Glendining; S.P. McGrath; Lindsay C. Todman; Paul Alexander; Philippa Arnold; et al. (European Journal of Agronomy, 2025)

Association Patterns of Indo‐Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins ( Tursiops aduncus ) in Waters off the North West Cape, Western Australia - Chloe M. Edwards; Jonathan Syme; Guido J. Parra (Marine Mammal Science, 2025)
This study examined association patterns, social clustering, and temporal stability of Indo‐Pacific bottlenose dolphins off the North West Cape (NWC), Western Australia. Over 6 years, boat‐based surveys collected photo‐identification data, enabling repeated sampling, sighting history construction, and associate identification. Among the 344 adult dolphins identified, 116 were sighted at least five times and used in association analyses. A strong correlation ( r = 0.86 ± 0.01 SE) between true and estimated association indices, along with a high coefficient of variation ( S = 1.92 ± 0.9 SE), indicates a highly differentiated society with diverse relationships among individuals. Generalized affiliation indexes, social network metrics, and lagged association rates revealed predominantly loose, short‐term associations within a well‐connected but non‐clustered social network. These fluid association patterns are likely related to the open and transient nature of this population, where individuals move in and out of the study area. These movements provide opportunities for social interactions among different individuals, and members of different groups may fission for varying periods of time. Findings from this study provide a solid baseline for future studies looking at the sociogenetic structure of this population and the environmental and social factors driving their fluid social system.

Variety-seeking behavioral markers in an immersive virtual reality food buffet are associated with greater food and energy intake in laboratory meals - John W. Long; Paige M. Cunningham; Sara J. Maksi; Kathleen L. Keller; Charissa S.L. Cheah; Lee Boot; Alexander Klippel; Timothy R. Brick; Caitlyn G. Edwards; Janelle Kort; Paige Grabusky; Barbara J. Rolls; et al. (Appetite, 2025)

Residential indoor temperatures and health: A scoping review of observational studies - Janelle R. Edwards; Anneclaire J. De Roos; Chima C. Hampo; Wanyu Huang; Emily Lincoln; Simi Hoque; Leah H. Schinasi (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Long-term effects of free-ranging cattle and ponies on the soil and vegetation of reseeded grasslands in the New Forest, England - Peter J. Edwards; J. Rue Ekins; Susan Hollis (Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2025)

Correcting the heartwood-sapwood transition in blue intensity measurements with change point detection methods - Hung T.T. Nguyen; Rory Abernethy; Rob Wilson; Daniel L. Druckenbrod; Kathryn J. Allen; Brendan M. Buckley; Edward R. Cook; Rosanne D’Arrigo; Jonathan G. Palmer (Dendrochronologia, 2025)

Zinc mineralisation in marine ooidal ironstones of Western Siberia: Origin and palaeoenvironmental significance - Maxim Rudmin; Edward J. Matheson; Andre Baldermann; Natalia Maximova; Evan Dasi; Sultan R. Tazhiev; Alexey Ruban (Chemical Geology, 2025)

Suspended sediment transport over the lee slope and forest canopy downwind of a large Blowout/Parabolic dune - Brian Bodenbender; Brian Yurk; Suzanne DeVries-Zimmerman; Blake Harlow; Randall J. Schaetzl; Edward Hansen (Aeolian Research, 2025)

Rhenium-osmium and oxygen isotope homogeneity during the 2022 Mauna Loa eruption and implications for basaltic magma storage - Emily A. Rhoads; Anton Kutyrev; Ilya N. Bindeman; Kendra J. Lynn; Frank A. Trusdell; Drew T. Downs; Hunter R. Edwards; Geoffrey W. Cook; James M. D. Day (Bulletin of Volcanology, 2025)
Mauna Loa is one of the largest and most active volcanoes on Earth. The most recent eruption of Mauna Loa started on 27 November 2022, lasted for 13 days, and was preceded by the longest repose time of 38 years in its modern history. In this contribution, new trace- and highly siderophile-element (HSE: Os, Ir, Ru, Pt, Pd, Re) abundances, 187 Re- 187 Os, and 18 O/ 16 O data are reported for the 2022 lavas. These lavas have a limited range of MgO (6.2 ± 0.1 wt.%) and Ni (83 ± 2 µg/g), with a broader range of Re (0.3 to 1.3 ng/g) and consistent Os (0.031 to 0.080 ng/g) contents. They have 187 Os/ 188 Os ratios (0.1345 to 0.1385) which are, on average, more radiogenic than Mauna Loa picrites (0.1331 to 0.1349) and are similar in composition to more differentiated Mauna Loa tholeiite lavas (0.1340 to 0.1381). The oxygen isotope compositions of glassy samples are 5.35 ± 0.15‰ ( n = 13) and span a range in δ 18 O of + 5.0 to + 5.5‰, with an average composition 0.2 to 0.3‰ lower than MORB. The δD value is − 81 ± 11‰ ( n = 5) at very low (0.03 ± 0.015 wt.%) H 2 O concentrations. The 2022 Mauna Loa eruption is similar in terms of δ 18 O but contrasts in terms of 187 Os/ 188 Os variability, with the recent longer-lived eruptions on La Palma (Canary Islands; 85 days) in 2021 and on the Reykjanes Peninsula (Iceland) that began in 2021 and are still ongoing. Initial lavas were more fractionated for both the Canary Islands and Iceland eruptions, producing more radiogenic Os isotope compositions than later erupted products. The 2022 Mauna Loa eruption showed no such trends. The limited range in isotope compositions of the 2022 Mauna Loa lavas and their strongly fractioned HSE patterns reflect long-term storage, crystal fractionation, and assimilation of related basaltic volcanic edifice materials by the parent magma beneath the volcano prior to eruption triggering. Eruption of differentiated and homogeneous tholeiite lavas at the summit caldera and high on the volcano’s flank, with emplacement of accumulative picrites lower on the volcano, are consistent with neutral buoyancy arguments.

The microbiome orchestrates contaminant low-dose phytostimulation - Evgenios Agathokleous; Edward J. Calabrese; Stavros D. Veresoglou (Trends in Plant Science, 2025)

A dynamic meshing scheme for integrated hydrologic modeling to represent evolving landscapes - Hyoun-Tae Hwang; Young-Jin Park; Steven J. Berg; Jon P. Jones; Killian L. Miller; Edward A. Sudicky (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Clamping parameters in full-scale tidal turbine blade tests: A case study - Miguel A. Valdivia-Camacho; Sergio Lopez Dubon; Fergus Cuthill; Marek J. Munko; Edward D. McCarthy; Parvez Alam; Conchúr M. Ó Brádaigh (Ocean Engineering, 2025)

Evaluating virtual fencing as a tool to manage beef cattle for rotational grazing across multiple years - Alexandra J. Harland; Francisco J. Novais; Carolyn J. Fitzsimmons; John S. Church; Gleise M. da Silva; Maria C. Londono-Mendez; Edward W. Bork (Journal of Environmental Management, 2025)

Burn parameters affect PAH emissions at conditions relevant for prescribed fires - Karl Töpperwien; Guillaume Vignat; Alexandra J. Feinberg; Conner Daube; Mitchell W. Alton; Edward C. Fortner; Manjula R. Canagaratna; Matthias F. Kling; Mary Johnson; Kari Nadeau; Scott Herndon; John T. Jayne; et al. (Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2025)

Effects of heat load on beef cattle activity budgets in a northern temperate grazing system - Temitope O. Oloyede; Francisco J. Novais; Carolyn J. Fitzsimmons; John S. Church; Cameron N. Carlyle; Changxi Li; Edward W. Bork (International Journal of Biometeorology, 2025)

Interfacial electromigration for accelerated reactions - Madison E. Edwards; Annesha Sengupta; Dallas P. Freitas; Erin A. Hirtzel; Xi Chen; Joohan J. Kim; Xin Yan (Analytica Chimica Acta, 2025)

Unveiling the diversity of gut microbes in green lacewings (Chrysopidae: Neuroptera) and their role as protagonist in nutrition - N. Karkuzhali; Y. S. Johnson Thangaraj Edward; N. Chitra; M. Senthilkumar; J. Ramalingam (Archives of Microbiology, 2025)

BioTIME 2.0: Expanding and Improving a Database of Biodiversity Time Series - Maria Dornelas; Laura H. Antão; Amanda E. Bates; Viviana Brambilla; Jonathan M. Chase; Cher F. Y. Chow; Ada Fontrodona‐Eslava; Anne E. Magurran; Inês S. Martins; Faye Moyes; Alban Sagouis; Samuel Adu‐Acheampong; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Motivation Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R package (BioTIMEr) to facilitate use of the database. Main Types of Variables Included The database is composed of one main data table containing the abundance records and 11 metadata tables. The data are organised in a hierarchy of scales where 11,989,233 records are nested in 1,603,067 sample events, from 553,253 sampling locations, which are nested in 708 studies. A study is defined as a sampling methodology applied to an assemblage for a minimum of 2 years. Spatial Location and Grain Sampling locations in BioTIME are distributed across the planet, including marine, terrestrial and freshwater realms. Spatial grain size and extent vary across studies depending on sampling methodology. We recommend gridding of sampling locations into areas of consistent size. Time Period and Grain The earliest time series in BioTIME start in 1874, and the most recent records are from 2023. Temporal grain and duration vary across studies. We recommend doing sample‐level rarefaction to ensure consistent sampling effort through time before calculating any diversity metric. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement The database includes any eukaryotic taxa, with a combined total of 56,400 taxa. Software Format csv and. SQL.

Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learning - Marthe Mieling; Mushfa Yousuf; Nico Bunzeck; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; Susan Landau; Monica Rivera-Mindt; Leslie M. Shaw; Edward B. Lee; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD dementia patients. Features included structural MRI, CSF status, demographics, and genetic data. Analyses comprised one cross-sectional multi-class classification (CN vs. MCI vs. AD dementia, n = 568) and two longitudinal binary-class classifications (CN-to-MCI converters vs. CN stable, n = 92; MCI-to-AD converters vs. MCI stable, n = 378). All classifications achieved 70–77% accuracy and 61–83% precision. Key features were CSF status, hippocampal volume, entorhinal thickness, and amygdala volume, with a clear dissociation: hippocampal properties contributed to the conversion to MCI, while the entorhinal cortex characterized the conversion to AD dementia. The findings highlight explainable, trajectory-specific insights into AD progression.

The Volcanoes of the World database - Benjamin J. Andrews; Edward Venzke; Elizabeth Cottrell; Sally S. K. Sennert; Kadie L. Bennis; A. E. J. Crafford (Bulletin of Volcanology, 2025)

Relationships between sediment size distribution and microplastic abundance and characteristics along the strandline of a sandy embayment (Whitsand, Southwest England) - Oliver J. Fenn; Edward J. Walklett; Andrew Turner (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2025)