Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learning - Marthe Mieling; Mushfa Yousuf; Nico Bunzeck; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; Susan Landau; Monica Rivera-Mindt; Leslie M. Shaw; Edward B. Lee; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD dementia patients. Features included structural MRI, CSF status, demographics, and genetic data. Analyses comprised one cross-sectional multi-class classification (CN vs. MCI vs. AD dementia, n = 568) and two longitudinal binary-class classifications (CN-to-MCI converters vs. CN stable, n = 92; MCI-to-AD converters vs. MCI stable, n = 378). All classifications achieved 70–77% accuracy and 61–83% precision. Key features were CSF status, hippocampal volume, entorhinal thickness, and amygdala volume, with a clear dissociation: hippocampal properties contributed to the conversion to MCI, while the entorhinal cortex characterized the conversion to AD dementia. The findings highlight explainable, trajectory-specific insights into AD progression.

Interactions between phosphate and arsenic in iron/biochar-treated groundwater: Corrosion control insights from column experiments - Yu Feng; Carol J. Ptacek; David W. Blowes; Yiqun Gan; Xianjun Xie; Y. Zou Finfrock; Peng Liu (Water Research, 2025)

Observed CO2 concentration reveals steep decrease of anthropogenic emissions in winters of 2021 and 2022 in Hangzhou and Yangtze River Delta region, China - Cheng Hu; Huili Liu; Yifan Zhang; Yu Cui; Fan Sun; Xuejing Shi; Junqing Zhang; Yanrong Yang; Leying Zhang; Bing Qi; Qitao Xiao; Ning Hu; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Quantifying the potential triple benefits of photovoltaic energy development in reducing emissions, restoring ecological resource, and alleviating poverty in China - Feinan Lyu; Junxi Wu; Zhenrong Yu; Cheng Gong; Hong J. Di; Ying Pan (Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2025)

Granitoid genesis and related rare metal mineralization of the Shihuiyao Rb–Ta–Nb deposit in the Southern Great Xing’an Range, NE China - Shi-Heng Bai; Yu Huang; Zhi-Jie Feng; Matthew J. Brzozowski; Yao-Hui Jiang; Ru-Xiong Lei; Chang-Zhi Wu (Gondwana Research, 2025)

Decoupling of Au and W mineralization in the Xiangzhong Metallogenic Province (South China): Insights from the Xingfengshan Au–W deposit - Lianjie Zhao; Yu Zhang; Kofi Adomako-Ansah; Matthew J. Brzozowski; Hao Zeng; Chenghua Shi; Yongjun Shao; Hongtao Zhao; Hongjie Shen; Xu Wang; Shuling Song; Xiyue Zheng (Gondwana Research, 2025)

Deep ensemble machine learning with Bayesian blending improved accuracy and precision of modelled ground-level ozone for region with sparse monitoring: Australia, 2005–2018 - I.C. Hanigan; W. Yu; C. Yuen; K. Gopi; L.D. Knibbs; C.T. Cowie; B. Jalaludin; M. Cope; M.L. Riley; J. Heyworth; L. Morawska; G.B. Marks; et al. (Environmental Modelling & Software, 2025)

Retraction notice to “Valorization of tropical fruits waste for production of commercial biorefinery products – A review” [Bioresour. Technol. 374 (2023) 128793] - Zheli Ding; Yu Ge; Taner Sar; Vinay Kumar; Sharareh Harirchi; Parameswaran Binod; Ranjna Sirohi; Raveendran Sindhu; Peicong Wu; Fei Lin; Zengqiang Zhang; Mohammad J. Taherzadeh; et al. (Bioresource Technology, 2025)

Retraction notice to “Production of biochar from tropical fruit tree residues and ecofriendly applications – A review” [Bioresour. Technol. 376 (2023) 128903] - Zheli Ding; Yu Ge; Sarath C. Gowd; Ekta Singh; Vinay Kumar; Deepshi Chaurasia; Vikas Kumar; Karthik Rajendran; Preeti Chaturvedi Bhargava; Peicong Wu; Fei Lin; Sharareh Harirchi; et al. (Bioresource Technology, 2025)

Barley young leaf chlorina, a putative pentatricopeptide repeat gene, is essential for chloroplast development in young leaves - Biguang Huang; Daiqing Huang; Jianchun Zhang; Jiwei Xiong; Shiyu Wu; Xinrong Zheng; Likun Huang; Jinbin Lin; Yu Li; Zonglie Hong; J. Allan Feurtado; Weiren Wu (Plant Molecular Biology, 2025)

Unexpected landscape-scale contemporary gene flow and fine-scale genetic diversity in rural hedgehogs - Hongli Yu; Lauren J. Moore; Axel Barlow; Louise K. Gentle; Deborah A. Dawson; Gavin J. Horsburgh; Lucy Knowles; Philip J. Baker; Adam Bates; Helen Hicks; Silviu Petrovan; Sarah Perkins; et al. (Conservation Genetics, 2025)
Agricultural intensification is one of the major forces driving populations of many traditionally common native species into smaller, fragmented populations which are prone to isolation and loss of genetic diversity. Identifying the spatial extent and characteristics of rural systems that support gene flow and promote genetic diversity for these species is thus essential for their long-term conservation. Here we used asymmetric autosomal genetic structure between sexes to investigate current gene flow among four neighbouring suburban populations of hedgehogs ( Erinaceus europaeus ) in England, which are separated by agricultural land. Contrary to expectations, we found that individuals belonged to a single genetic population despite the populations being separated by unoccupied agricultural land. Spatial autocorrelation was significant in adult female hedgehogs, but non-significant in adult males, revealing male driven contemporary gene flow between local populations. The results suggest that male hedgehogs are capable of moving between population patches separated by at least 3 km across the agricultural matrix. This finding is crucial to aid the development of a conservation strategy for hedgehogs as, for the first time, it shows the extent that previously assumed isolated populations across a perceived inhospitable landscape are connected by current gene flow. Higher within patch relatedness, and lower allelic richness were found from smaller suburban patches, largely reflecting local population size, indicating an early stage of genetic diversity loss due to habitat loss and associated fragmentation. Our study illustrates that considering current gene flow and local genetic diversity together is important to better understand habitat effects on genetic variation and to inform future conservation management.

Comparison of two distinct leading modes in the variability of summer humidex and temperature heatwaves over North America - Dae Il Jeong; Bin Yu; Alex J. Cannon (Climate Dynamics, 2025)
Continuous hot and humid conditions pose greater health risks than heat alone, making it crucial to distinguish between temperature-driven and humidity-amplified heat stress. The variability of monthly humidex and temperature heatwaves over North America (NA) is compared for extended summers (June-September) from 1951 to 2022. Two distinct leading modes are identified for both humidex and temperature heatwaves over NA using empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, collectively explaining 31% and 27% of total variance, respectively. These two leading modes, exhibiting a phase shift due to their orthogonality, are associated with large-scale atmospheric wave trains extending from the North Pacific to NA. This results in atmospheric pressure anomalies across the continent, driving notable differences in the variability of both heatwaves over NA. Atmospheric moisture transported from the North Pacific to NA also affects the development of both heatwaves, with more pronounced moisture anomalies observed for humidex heatwaves, highlighting a key distinction in the large-scale atmospheric circulation between humidex and temperature heatwaves. Positive phases of both heatwaves are associated with an anticyclonic anomaly, which leads to anomalous descent, reduced total cloud cover, above-normal surface radiation heating, and below-normal surface relative humidity over NA. Atmospheric moisture acts as a greenhouse gas to absorb longwave radiation, leading to increased downward longwave radiation. However, these physical processes exhibit weaker feedback with humidex heatwave variability across the two distinct modes, indicating the complexity of these interactions involving intensified cloud cover, surface humidity, and latent heat release due to significant atmospheric moisture injected into the regions of NA.

3-Monothiopomalidomide, a new immunomodulatory imide drug (IMiD), blunts inflammation and mitigates ischemic stroke in the rat - Kai-Yun Chen; Shih-Chang Hsueh; Pathik Parekh; Buyandelger Batsaikhan; David Tweedie; Weiming Luo; Chirag Patel; Yung-Hsiao Chiang; Nicholas Bambakidis; Barry J. Hoffer; Chi-Zong Huang; Seong-Jin Yu; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)
An overactive neuroinflammatory response is often evident in the elderly and is a significant contributor to brain tissue damage following acute ischemic stroke. Such an inflammatory response is largely mediated by microglial cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Classical anti-inflammatory agents have not proved clinically effective in mitigating the impact of ischemic stroke but have highlighted targets for new drug development, in particular excessive proinflammatory cytokine release. The immunomodulatory imide drug (IMiD) class has shown potential in reducing neuroinflammation and switching microglial phenotypic expression away from a proinflammatory to a regenerative anti-inflammatory one. 3-Monothiopomalidomide (3-MP), a new IMiD, has a brain/plasma concentration ratio of 0.5 to 0.6, an oral bioavailability of 38.5%, and a monophasic disappearance of half-life 3.2 h following oral administration. 3-MP pretreatment mitigates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in cellular human PBMCs and, in rat studies, 3-MP pretreatment lowers proinflammatory cytokine levels in the conditioned media and in plasma and the brain, respectively. Administered systemically to rats challenged with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and reperfusion, 3-MP post-MCAo treatment reduced infarction volume; improved body asymmetry, a behavioral measure of stroke impact; and lowered inflammation. In summary, 3-MP exerted neuroprotective effects via anti-inflammatory actions against MCAo-induced ischemic injury and represents a therapeutic that warrants further investigation as a treatment for brain damage and related disorders associated with excessive inflammation.

Uncrewed surface vehicles in the Global Ocean Observing System: a new frontier for observing and monitoring at the air-sea interface - Ruth G. Patterson; Meghan F. Cronin; Sebastiaan Swart; Joana Beja; Johan M. Edholm; Jason McKenna; Jaime B. Palter; Alex Parker; Charles I. Addey; Wieter Boone; Paban Bhuyan; Justin J. H. Buck; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2025)
Observing air-sea interactions on a global scale is essential for improving Earth system forecasts. Yet these exchanges are challenging to quantify for a range of reasons, including extreme conditions, vast and remote under-sampled locations, requirements for a multitude of co-located variables, and the high variability of fluxes in space and time. Uncrewed Surface Vehicles (USVs) present a novel solution for measuring these crucial air-sea interactions at a global scale. Powered by renewable energy (e.g., wind and waves for propulsion, solar power for electronics), USVs have provided navigable and persistent observing capabilities over the past decade and a half. In our review of 200 USV datasets and 96 studies, we found USVs have observed a total of 33 variables spanning physical, biogeochemical, biological and ecological processes at the air-sea transition zone. We present a map showing the global proliferation of USV adoption for scientific ocean observing. This review, carried out under the auspices of the ‘Observing Air-Sea Interactions Strategy’ (OASIS), makes the case for a permanent USV network to complement the mature and emerging networks within the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). The Observations Coordination Group (OCG) overseeing GOOS has identified ten attributes of an in-situ global network. Here, we discuss and evaluate the maturation of the USV network towards meeting these attributes. Our article forms the basis of a roadmap to formalise and guide the global USV community towards a novel and integrated ocean observing frontier.

Effectiveness of artificially planted mangroves on remediation of metals released from ship-breaking activities - Sima Karmakar; Khadijatul Kubra Riya; Yeasmin N. Jolly; Shirin Akter; K.M. Mamun; J. Kabir; Bilal Ahamad Paray; Takaomi Arai; Jimmy Yu; Norhayati Ngah; Mohammad Belal Hossain (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2025)

Prioritization of climate change mitigation strategies for coastal regions using the Analytic Hierarchy Process - Jie Liu; Xiaohui Liu; Ancheng Zhu; Xitao Wang; Qianqian Yu; Lu Chen; Tariq J. Al-Musawi; Mahnaz Aasal (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2025)

Single-grain K-feldspar pIRIR dating of the Longwanling handaxe-bearing site in the Hanjiang river valley, central China - Xiaoqi Guo; Chengqiu Lu; Zhenyu Qin; Bing Dong; Lupeng Yu; Christopher J. Bae; Xuefeng Sun (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2025)

Predictability and applicability evaluation of winter temperatures in China based on Eurasian Arctic sea ice concentrations in autumn - Y. Ma; L. Zhao; J.-S. Wang; Q. Wu; X. Li; Q. Li; W. Cheng; T. Yu; L. Sun (Polar Science, 2025)

Changes in source contributions to the oxidative potential of PM2.5 in urban Xiamen, China - Jia-Min Li; Si-Min Zhao; Qi-Yu Miao; Shui-Ping Wu; Jie Zhang; James J. Schwab (Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2025)

Prenatal ozone exposure and child lung function: Exploring effect modification by oxidative balance score - Logan C. Dearborn; Marnie F. Hazlehurst; Melissa M. Melough; Adam A. Szpiro; Allison R. Sherris; Margaret A. Adgent; Yu Ni; Rosalind J. Wright; Neeta Thakur; Nicole R. Bush; Paul E. Moore; Christine T. Loftus; et al. (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2025)

Towards sustainable spirulina farming: Enhancing productivity and biosafety with a salinity-biostimulants strategy - Chunli Yu; Jiahui Zheng; Yuqin Zhang; Yao Hu; Wei Luo; Jing Zhang; Jianfeng Yu; Jin Liu; Peter J. Nixon; Wenguang Zhou; Shengxi Shao (Bioresource Technology, 2025)

Interannual early life history variation and larval dispersal of three tropical anguillid eel species recruiting in French Polynesia - Julie Viana; Fabien Morat; Michael J. Miller; Yu-Lin Chang; Émilie Boissin; Pierre Sasal (Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2025)

Rainfall thresholds for shallow landslides considering rainfall temporal patterns - Binru Zhao; Roberto J. Marin; Wen Luo; Zhaoyuan Yu; Linwang Yuan (Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 2025)

Toward an integrated pantropical ocean observing system - Gregory R. Foltz; Yassir A. Eddebbar; Janet Sprintall; Antonietta Capotondi; Sophie Cravatte; Peter Brandt; Adrienne J. Sutton; Tamaryn Morris; Juliet Hermes; Clive R. McMahon; Michael J. McPhaden; Lev B. Looney; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2025)
Global climate is regulated by the ocean, which stores, releases, and transports large amounts of mass, heat, carbon, and oxygen. Understanding, monitoring, and predicting the exchanges of these quantities across the ocean’s surface, their interactions with the atmosphere, and their horizontal and vertical pathways through the global oceans, are key for advancing fundamental knowledge and improving forecasts and longer-term projections of climate, weather, and ocean ecosystems. The existing global observing system provides immense value for science and society in this regard by supplying the data essential for these advancements. The tropical ocean observing system in particular has been developed over decades, motivated in large part by the far-reaching and complex global impacts of tropical climate variability and change. However, changes in observing needs and priorities, new challenges associated with climate change, and advances in observing technologies demand periodic evaluations to ensure that stakeholders’ needs are met. Previous reviews and assessments of the tropical observing system have focused separately on individual basins and their associated observing needs. Here we provide a broader perspective covering the tropical observing system as a whole. Common gaps, needs, and recommendations are identified, and interbasin differences driven by socioeconomic disparities are discussed, building on the concept of an integrated pantropical observing system. Finally, recommendations for improved observations of tropical basin interactions, through oceanic and atmospheric pathways, are presented, emphasizing the benefits that can be achieved through closer interbasin coordination and international partnerships.

Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase ameliorates cerebral blood flow autoregulation and cognition in alzheimer's disease and diabetes-related dementia rat models - Chengyun Tang; Jane J. Border; Huawei Zhang; Andrew Gregory; Shan Bai; Xing Fang; Yedan Liu; Shaoxun Wang; Sung Hee Hwang; Wenjun Gao; Gilbert C. Morgan; Jhania Smith; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)

Combining stable isotopes and spatial stream network modelling to disentangle the roles of hydrological and biogeochemical processes on riverine nitrogen dynamics - Minpeng Hu; Zhongjie Yu; Timothy J. Griffis; John M. Baker (Water Research, 2025)

Revising the coal mining CH4 emission factor based on multiple inventories and atmospheric inversion approach at one of the world's largest coal production areas: Shanxi province, China - Xuejing Shi; Yiyi Peng; Shumin Wang; Yifan Zhang; Junqing Zhang; Hao Song; Yu Cui; Fan Sun; Huili Liu; Qitao Xiao; Ning Hu; Wei Xiao; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Measurement of the decay Ξ 0 → Λ γ with entangled Ξ 0 Ξ ¯ 0 pairs - M. Ablikim; M.N. Achasov; P. Adlarson; O. Afedulidis; X.C. Ai; R. Aliberti; A. Amoroso; Q. An; Y. Bai; O. Bakina; I. Balossino; Y. Ban; et al. (Science Bulletin, 2025)

Plasma proteomics identifies proteins and pathways associated with incident depression in 46,165 adults - Jujiao Kang; Liu Yang; Tianye Jia; Wei Zhang; Lin-Bo Wang; Yu-Jie Zhao; Jia You; Yue-Ting Deng; Yi-Jun Ge; Wei-Shi Liu; Yi Zhang; Yi-Lin Chen; et al. (Science Bulletin, 2025)

Bivalve faunal changes in Xunhua Basin shed light on the Late Miocene uplift, cooling and aridification of NE Tibetan Plateau - Jiahao Li; Bowen Song; Tingting Yu; Kexin Zhang; Junliang Ji; Thomas J. Algeo; Jingeng Sha; Sha Li (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2025)

Using machine learning to predict soil lead relative bioavailability - Shuang Zhang; Xiaoping Li; Tunyang Geng; Yu Zhang; Weixi Zhang; Xueming Zheng; He Sheng; Yueheng Jiang; Pengyuan Jin; Xuelian Kui; Huimin Liu; Ge Ma; et al. (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2025)

Rule-mediated connectivity in social-ecological-technological systems: A comparative network analysis of reservoir operation rules in Coyote Valley Dam (United States) and Ameghino Dam (Argentina) - Tomás Olivier; Hoon C. Shin; David J. Yu; Margaret Garcia (Journal of Environmental Management, 2025)

Investigating the hydrolysis of complex carbohydrates with salivary α-amylase - Claudia Hartley; Andreas Blennow; Russell S.J. Keast; Yu Tian; Spencer S.H. Roberts; Amelia J. Carr; Wender L.P. Bredie (Food Research International, 2025)

Evaluation of IrO2 catalysts doped with Ti and Nb at industrially relevant electrolyzer conditions: A comprehensive study - Xiang Lyu; Hung-Ming Chang; Haoran Yu; Nancy N. Kariuki; Jae Hyung Park; Deborah J. Myers; Jun Yang; Iryna V. Zenyuk; Alexey Serov (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025)

Salinity-redox covariation in Mississippian Bowland Shale (Craven Basin, UK) controlled by eustasy and climate - Yu Jiao; Joseph F. Emmings; Lian Zhou; Thomas J. Algeo; Lanping Feng; Tao He; Jinhua Liu; Daqian Zhang; Jianping Wang (Chemical Geology, 2025)

Groundtruthing assessments of lab-based coral thermal tolerance with large-area imaging - Crystal J. McRae; Nathaniel Hanna Holloway; Guanyan Keelung Chen; Michael T. Connelly; Hung-Kai Chen; Zong-Min Ye; Kendall S. Chancellor; Yu-Chi Chang; Ming-Qi Jiang; Kwok Wai Lam; Yu-Ting Qiu; Tung-Yung Fan; et al. (Coral Reefs, 2025)

First discovery of dinosaur tracks from the Lower Cretaceous Duoni Formation in eastern Tibet, China - Yangui Li; He Zhao; William J. Foster; Yue Yu; Lida Xing; Qiang Ye; Chuanshang Wang; Huazhou Yao (Cretaceous Research, 2025)

Contamination of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Freshwater Fish from Areas Adjacent to Three Former and Active Military Facilities in New York - Yu Chen; Kaitlin M. Gattoni; Eric Paul; Patrick J. Sullivan; Abigail C. Valachovic; Leili Vogl (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2025)

Grassland bud and shoot demographic responses to single and recurrent droughts vary across an aridity gradient - Niwu Te; Robert J. Griffin‐Nolan; Ingrid J. Slette; Yuan Shi; Lin Song; Jiaqi Chen; Hongqiang Wang; Jianqiang Qian; Qiang Yu; Zhengwen Wang; Xiaotao Lü; Xingguo Han; et al. (Ecology, 2025)
Clonal demographic traits play important roles in regulating community dynamics. Yet, it remains unclear how the responses of these clonal traits to drought might depend on previous drought exposure, and how drought responses vary among grasslands. We conducted a repeated drought experiment across four grasslands along an aridity gradient in northern China. We assessed the effects of single (precipitation reduction in 2021–2022) versus recurrent (precipitation reduction in 2015–2018 and 2021–2022) drought on bud density, shoot density, and the ratio of bud to shoot density. Drought reduced bud density at all grasslands and shoot density at most grasslands. Drought reduced the ratio of bud‐to‐shoot density only in the most arid grasslands. Recurrent drought had larger negative effects than a single drought on bud density and composition of bud and shoot at only one of four grasslands, and on shoot density at two of four grasslands. Our results suggest that previous drought exposure can alter the response of plant clonal demographic traits to subsequent drought in some but not all grasslands, and that responses can vary with mean climate.

Meta-Analysis of the Input and Disposition of Various Dosage Forms of Methylprednisolone in Healthy Subjects Utilizing a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model - Ruihong Yu; William J. Jusko (The AAPS Journal, 2025)

Depression, Anxiety, and Coping Strategies Among Farmworkers Exposed to Substance Use at Work - Annie J. Keeney; Dianne Ciro; Yu Meng; Laura Coco; Katherine Ekonomo (Journal of Agromedicine, 2025)

A comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the genus Sylvirana (Anura: Ranidae) highlights unrecognized diversity, revised classification and historical biogeography - Yun-He Wu; Man-Hao Xu; Chatmongkon Suwannapoom; Sang Ngoc Nguyen; Robert W. Murphy; Theodore J. Papenfuss; Amy Lathrop; Felista Kasyoka Kilunda; Wei Gao; Zhi-Yong Yuan; Jin-Min Chen; Liang Zhang; et al. (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2025)

The feasibility of batch-wise polyester degradation and recycling using recombinant Escherichia coli expressing PHB depolymerase (PhaZ ) - Yen-Chun Lin; En Ze Linda Zhong-Johnson; Anthony J. Sinskey; Si-Yu Li (Journal of Environmental Management, 2025)

Corrigendum to “BCL-3 loss sensitises colorectal cancer cells to DNA damage by targeting homologous recombination” [DNA Repair 115 (2022) 103331] - Christopher Parker; Adam C. Chambers; Dustin J. Flanagan; Jasmine Wing Yu Ho; Tracey J. Collard; Greg Ngo; Duncan M. Baird; Penny Timms; Rhys G. Morgan; Owen J. Sansom; Ann C. Williams (DNA Repair, 2025)

Investigating uncertainties in air quality models used in GMAP/SIJAQ 2021 field campaign: General performance of different models and ensemble results - Yesol Cha; Jong-Jae Lee; Chul Han Song; Soontae Kim; Rokjin J. Park; Myong-In Lee; Jung-Hun Woo; Jae-Ho Choi; Kangho Bae; Jinhyeok Yu; Eunhye Kim; Hyeonmin Kim; et al. (Atmospheric Environment, 2025)

Leaf Dry Matter Content Is Phylogenetically Conserved and Related to Environmental Conditions, Especially Wildfire Activity - Dachuan Dai; Dongli Yu; Wuchao Gao; George L. W. Perry; Adrian M. Paterson; Chengming You; Shixing Zhou; Zhenfeng Xu; Congde Huang; Dongyu Cao; Timothy J. Curran; Xinglei Cui (Ecology Letters, 2025)
Leaf dry matter content (LDMC) is an important determinant of plant flammability. Investigating global patterns of LDMC could provide insights into worldwide plant flammability patterns, informing wildfire management. We characterised global patterns of LDMC across 4074 species from 216 families, revealing that phylogenetic and environmental constraints influence LDMC. LDMC varied across growth forms and taxonomic groups, displaying phylogenetic niche conservatism. Temperature, precipitation, aridity index, soil total nitrogen content and wildfire activity affected LDMC, and the effect of wildfire activity was stronger than other environmental factors across species with postfire regeneration abilities. Such species had higher LDMC, and their LDMC was less phylogenetically conserved and more strongly associated with fire activity. Our results suggest that, although LDMC shows phylogenetic niche conservatism, LDMC is determined by environmental factors, especially wildfire activity. Wildfire has likely acted as a selective pressure towards high LDMC across species that persist through fire using postfire regeneration.

Decomposing the variance: The unique and shared associations of fine and ultrafine particulate matter exposed during pregnancy with child autism spectrum disorder - Xin Yu; Michael J. Kleeman; Jane C. Lin; Ting Chow; Mayra P. Martinez; Zhanghua Chen; Jiu-Chiuan Chen; Sandrah P. Eckel; Joel Schwartz; Frederick W. Lurmann; Rob McConnell; Anny H. Xiang; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Mapping ecological resource use and supply-consumption difference in China from 2000 to 2020 - Feinan Lyu; Junxi Wu; Zhenrong Yu; Hong J. Di; Ying Pan (Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2024)

Life history traits and abundance trends of emperor fish Lethrinus nebulosus and L. lentjan (Teleostei: Lethrinidae) in the western Arabian Gulf - Yu-Jia Lin; Premlal Panickan; Abdu Rahiman Kambrath Pulikkoden; Nabil Fita; Ali M. Qasem; Lotfi J. Rabaoui; Ruben H. Roa-Ureta; Mohammad A. Qurban (Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2024)

Large river expansion and global cooling controlled the Plio-Pleistocene weathering intensity records in East Asian margin - Fangliang Li; Shouye Yang; Daniel O. Breecker; Yulong Guo; Evan J. Ramos; Xiangtong Huang; Kai Deng; Jimin Yu; Sanzhong Li (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2024)

Improving the accuracy of global ECMWF wave height forecasts with machine learning - Shuyi Zhou; Jiuke Wang; Yuhan Cao; Brandon J. Bethel; Wenhong Xie; Guangjun Xu; Wenjin Sun; Yang Yu; Hongchun Zhang; Changming Dong (Ocean Modelling, 2024)

Dissemination, manipulation or monopolization? Understanding the influence of stakeholder information sharing on resident participation in neighborhood rehabilitation of urban China - Yu Li; Penglin Zhu; Erwin Mlecnik; Queena K. Qian; Henk J. Visscher (Land Use Policy, 2024)

Ammonium mitigates cadmium toxicity by activating the bZIP20-APX2/CATA transcriptional module in rice seedlings in an ABA-dependent manner - Dong-Wei Di; Ting-Ting Li; Zheng-Lun Yu; Jie Cheng; Meng Wang; Chuan-Fa Liu; Yuan Wang; Herbert J. Kronzucker; Min Yu; Weiming Shi (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2024)

Advances in the application of graphene oxide composite loose nanofiltration membranes for dye and salt separation - Peng Kong; Zeshan Sun; He Gui; Zhiyuan Chen; Yu Song; Yao Wang; Yanxin Wang; Matt J. Kipper; Jianguo Tang; Linjun Huang (Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2024)

Reworking of a Caledonian (Early Paleozoic) granodiorite porphyry in a collisional zone in South China and its contribution for tungsten mineralization - Wen-Jing Mao; Yi-Qu Xiong; Yong-Jun Shao; Matthew J. Brzozowski; Qiang He; Hong-Fei Di; Zhi-Wei Fan; Yu-Jie Mao; Wen-Jie Fang (Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2024)

Spatio-temporal analysis of habitat suitability for the endangered oriental white stork (Ciconia boyciana) in the wetland ecosystem of northeast China - David J. Kavana; Yuchen Wang; Guocan Zhang; Siqin He; Pamela D. Maganga; Bing Yu (Journal for Nature Conservation, 2024)

Geothermal bridge deck de-icing using a novel external hydronic heating system with insulated pipe loops - Omid Habibzadeh-Bigdarvish; Gang Lei; Hussein Hashemi Senejani; Alireza Fakhrabadi; Anand J. Puppala; Xinbao Yu (Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment, 2024)

A systematic review of environmental covariates and methods for spatial or temporal scrub typhus distribution prediction - Qian Wang; Tian Ma; Fang-Yu Ding; Ahyoung Lim; Saho Takaya; Kartika Saraswati; Meng-Meng Hao; Dong Jiang; Li-Qun Fang; Benn Sartorius; Nicholas P.J. Day; Richard J. Maude (Environmental Research, 2024)

A dehydration membrane reactor towards highly efficient LPG synthesis via CO2 hydrogenation - Richard J. Ciora; Rumwald Lecaros; Bratin Sengupta; Jinyin Lyu; Kaiying Wang; Xinhua Liang; Shiguang Li; Miao Yu (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024)

Sem-derived microstructure of cyanobacterial and moss biocrusts and their connections to mechanical stability of two contrasting dryland soils - Xingxing Yu; Bo Xiao; Yousong Cao; Giora J. Kidron (CATENA, 2024)

An effective vaccine against influenza A virus based on the matrix protein 2 (M2) - Federico A. Zuckermann; Yelena V. Grinkova; Robert J. Husmann; Melissa Pires-Alves; Suzanna Storms; Wei-Yu Chen; Stephen G. Sligar (Veterinary Microbiology, 2024)

Comparing evaporation from water balance framework and multiple models on a global scale - Jinghua Xiong; Abhishek; Chong Zhang; Li Xu; Hrishikesh A. Chandanpurkar; James S. Famiglietti; Pat J.-F. Yeh; Zhongbo Yu; Ningpeng Dong; Haoran Hao; Shuang Yi; Lei Cheng; et al. (Journal of Hydrology, 2024)

Contributions of neighborhood physical and social environments to racial and ethnic disparities in birth outcomes in California: A mediation analysis - Shiwen Li; Lara J. Cushing; Roch A. Nianogo; Jonathan Liu; Rachel Connolly; Yu Yu; Michael Jerrett; Beate Ritz (Environmental Research, 2024)

Contrasting dynamics of marine bacterial-algal communities between the two main pulses of the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction - Yu Liang; Zerui Ray Liu; Thomas J. Algeo; Lei Meng; Chengdong Ming; Jun Wang; Bowen Song; Zhonghui Liu; Mei-Fu Zhou (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2024)

Mn-Na2WO4/SiO2-tridymite with improved stability and selectivity for high-pressure oxidative coupling of methane - Yuhang Yu; William J. Movick; Keisuke Obata; Shintaro Yoshida; Kazuhiro Takanabe (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024)

Macroscale properties and atomic-scale mechanisms of ash removal in low-temperature hydrothermal carbonization - Yan Yu; Zhangmin Wan; Micholas Dean Smith; Mood Mohan; Shahabaddine Sokhansanj; Anthony Lau; Jeremy C. Smith; Orlando J. Rojas (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024)

Predation on Live and Artificial Insect Prey Shows Different Global Latitudinal Patterns - Elena L. Zvereva; Benjamin Adroit; Tommi Andersson; Craig R. A. Barnett; Sofia Branco; Bastien Castagneyrol; Giancarlo Maria Chiarenza; Wesley Dáttilo; Ek del‐Val; Jan Filip; Jory Griffith; Anna L. Hargreaves; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2024)
Aim Long‐standing theory predicts that the intensity of biotic interactions increases from high to low latitudes. Studies addressing geographic variation in predation on insect prey have often relied on prey models, which lack many characteristics of live prey. Our goals were to explore global latitudinal patterns of predator attack rates on standardised live insect prey and to compare the patterns in predation on live insects with those on plasticine prey models. Location Global forested areas. Time Period 2021–2023. Major Taxa Arthropods, birds. Methods We measured predation rates in 43 forested locations distributed across five continents from 34.1° S to 69.5° N latitude. At each location, we exposed 20 sets of three bait types, one set per tree. Each set included three live fly larvae (maggots), three live fly puparia and three plasticine models of the puparia. We used glue rings to isolate half of the sets from non‐flying predators. Results Arthropod attack rates on plasticine prey decreased linearly from low to high latitudes, whereas attack rates on maggots had a U shaped distribution, with the lowest predation rates at temperate latitudes and the highest rates at tropical and boreal latitudes. This difference emerged from intensive predator attacks on live maggots, but not on plasticine models, in boreal sites. Site‐specific attack rates of arthropod predators on live and plasticine prey were not correlated. In contrast, bird attack rates on live maggots and plasticine models were positively correlated, but did not show significant latitudinal changes. Main Conclusions Latitudinal patterns in predation differ between major groups of predators and between types of prey. Poleward decreases in both arthropod and combined arthropod and bird predation on plasticine models do not mirror patterns of predation on our live prey, the latter likely reflecting real patterns of predation risk better than do patterns of attack on artificial prey.

Efficacy of a Haemonchus contortus vaccine under field conditions in young alpacas - Michelle K. Carman; Jeffrey Lakritz; Ting-Yu Cheng; Andrew J. Niehaus; Joseph W. Lozier; Antoinette E. Marsh (Veterinary Parasitology, 2024)

Combination and summary of ATLAS dark matter searches interpreted in a 2HDM with a pseudo-scalar mediator using 139 fb−1 of s = 13 TeV pp collision data - G. Aad; B. Abbott; K. Abeling; N.J. Abicht; S.H. Abidi; A. Aboulhorma; H. Abramowicz; H. Abreu; Y. Abulaiti; A.C. Abusleme Hoffman; B.S. Acharya; C. Adam Bourdarios; et al. (Science Bulletin, 2024)

Cryogenic vacuum distillation vs Cavitron methods in ecohydrology: Extraction protocol effects on plant water isotopic values - Hongxiu Wang; Haiyang Yu; Dong He; Min Li; Bingcheng Si; Jeffrey J. McDonnell; Magali F. Nehemy (Journal of Hydrology, 2024)

In vivo detection of endogenous toxic phenolic compounds of intestine - Wen-Yu Jin; Jia-Xin Guo; Rongkang Tang; Jielin Wang; Huan Zhao; Meng Zhang; Lin-Zuo Teng; Philippe J. Sansonetti; Yi-Zhou Gao (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2024)

Comparative analysis of the dispersion modeling and dose projection results performed under BARCO international project - Yu. Balashevska; Yu. Kyrylenko; Z. Ivanov; F. Rocchi; A. Cervone; A. Guglielmelli; M. Ilvonen; J. Rossi; A. Slavickas; H. Thielen (Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2024)

Base metals recovery from waste printed circuit board leachate using biogenic hydrogen sulfide gas - Jonovan Van Yken; Naomi J. Boxall; Ka Yu Cheng; Aleksandar N. Nikoloski; Navid R. Moheimani; Anna H. Kaksonen (Hydrometallurgy, 2024)

Impact of riverine sediment mineralogy on seawater Nd isotope compositions in the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean during the last two glacial cycles - Yi Huang; Christophe Colin; Franck Bassinot; Zhaojie Yu; Quentin Dubois-Dauphin; Arnaud Dapoigny; David J. Wilson; Germain Bayon (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2024)

Direct modification of pelletized 13X zeolite by atomic layer deposition toward effective CO2 capture from flue gas - Richard J. Ciora; Bratin Sengupta; Fan Wang; Shiguang Li; Miao Yu (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024)

Microbial-induced extracellular polymers are fundamentally responsible for the mechanical stability of biocrusts in drylands - Xingxing Yu; Bo Xiao; Yousong Cao; Giora J. Kidron (CATENA, 2024)

Ovarian hyperplasia linked to a mutation in MAN1A2 in a cow with excessive follicular growth and functional oocytes - Camila J. Cuellar; Gabriel A. Zayas; Thiago F. Amaral; Maura S. McGraw; Fahong Yu; Raluca G. Mateescu; Peter J. Hansen (Veterinary Research Communications, 2024)

High-Grade REE accumulation in regolith: Insights from supergene alteration of an apatite-rich vein at the Kapunda Cu mine, South Australia - Tobias G. Bamforth; Fang Xia; Caroline J. Tiddy; Ignacio González-Álvarez; Joël Brugger; Si-Yu Hu; Louise E. Schoneveld; Mark A. Pearce; Andrew Putnis (Mineralium Deposita, 2024)
The stratiform and vein-hosted Kapunda Cu deposit in South Australia contains a saprolitized hydrothermal vein with 12.37 wt.% total rare earth oxide (TREO). The vein was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction to understand the controls that govern high-grade REE accumulation during periods of intense weathering. Petrological assessments indicate the transformation of an apatite-calcite-aluminosilicate-bearing protolith to a supergene assemblage of Fe-oxides, kaolinite and REE-phosphate minerals that include rhabdophane-(Ce), monazite-(Ce) and florencite-(Ce). This transformation was facilitated by progressive acidification of the weathering fluid, which is indicated by: 1) the increasing crystallinity of authigenic Fe-oxides and kaolinite, which led to REE desorption; 2) the textural evolution and increase in grain size of authigenic REE-phosphates from nanoscopic crystallites, to acicular needles, to micro-scale hexagonal prisms; 3) the late dissolution of REE-phosphates; and 4) the replacement of goethite by jarosite, whose sulfate component originated from the oxidation and weathering of proximal sulfide minerals. Alongside the depletion of pH-buffering carbonate minerals that are indicated by the preservation of calcite menisci, this sulfide dissolution also facilitated acid generation. Results illustrate how highly acidic weathering fluids might facilitate either REE mobilization or REE accumulation in regolith. High-grade REE accumulation under acidic supergene conditions is prioritized when the host-rock contains a significant source of depositional ligands (i.e., phosphate in the form of apatite) that can be readily leached during intense weathering. Exploration companies should therefore assay routinely for REEs in any heavily weathered phosphatic rock, due to the observed efficiency of phosphate minerals as geochemical traps for REE accumulation.

A methodology for gene level omics-WAS integration identifies genes influencing traits associated with cardiovascular risks: the Long Life Family Study - Sandeep Acharya; Shu Liao; Wooseok J. Jung; Yu S. Kang; Vaha Akbary Moghaddam; Mary F. Feitosa; Mary K. Wojczynski; Shiow Lin; Jason A. Anema; Karen Schwander; Jeff O. Connell; Michael A. Province; et al. (Human Genetics, 2024)
The Long Life Family Study (LLFS) enrolled 4953 participants in 539 pedigrees displaying exceptional longevity. To identify genetic mechanisms that affect cardiovascular risks in the LLFS population, we developed a multi-omics integration pipeline and applied it to 11 traits associated with cardiovascular risks. Using our pipeline, we aggregated gene-level statistics from rare-variant analysis, GWAS, and gene expression-trait association by Correlated Meta-Analysis (CMA). Across all traits, CMA identified 64 significant genes after Bonferroni correction (p ≤ 2.8 × 10 –7 ), 29 of which replicated in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) cohort. Notably, 20 of the 29 replicated genes do not have a previously known trait-associated variant in the GWAS Catalog within 50 kb. Thirteen modules in Protein–Protein Interaction (PPI) networks are significantly enriched in genes with low meta-analysis p-values for at least one trait, three of which are replicated in the FHS cohort. The functional annotation of genes in these modules showed a significant over-representation of trait-related biological processes including sterol transport, protein-lipid complex remodeling, and immune response regulation. Among major findings, our results suggest a role of triglyceride-associated and mast-cell functional genes FCER1A , MS4A2 , GATA2 , HDC , and HRH4 in atherosclerosis risks. Our findings also suggest that lower expression of ATG2A , a gene we found to be associated with BMI, may be both a cause and consequence of obesity. Finally, our results suggest that ENPP3 may play an intermediary role in triglyceride-induced inflammation. Our pipeline is freely available and implemented in the Nextflow workflow language, making it easily runnable on any compute platform ( https://nf-co.re/omicsgenetraitassociation ) .

Contrasting Cu mineralization styles across the Dananhu Arc, Eastern Tianshan: insights from the geochronology, geochemistry, and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes of Carboniferous arc rocks - Qinghui Yu; Yun Zhao; Chunji Xue; Xiaobo Zhao; Matthew J. Brzozowski (International Geology Review, 2024)

Defining an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome: International Consensus Statement - Emma Short; Ian M. Adcock; Bilal Al-Sarireh; Ann Ager; Ramzi Ajjan; Naveed Akbar; Michael A. Akeroyd; Ghada Alsaleh; Ghada Al-Sharbatee; Kambiz Alavian; Winfried Amoaku; Julie Andersen; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
Around the world, individuals are living longer, but an increased average lifespan does not always equate to an increased health span. With advancing age, the increased prevalence of ageing-related diseases can have a significant impact on health status, functional capacity and quality of life. It is therefore vital to develop comprehensive classification and staging systems for ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndromes. This will allow societies to better identify, quantify, understand and meet the healthcare, workforce, well-being and socioeconomic needs of ageing populations, whilst supporting the development and utilisation of interventions to prevent or to slow, halt or reverse the progression of ageing-related pathologies. The foundation for developing such classification and staging systems is to define the scope of what constitutes an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome. To this end, a consensus meeting was hosted by the International Consortium to Classify Ageing-Related Pathologies (ICCARP), on February 19, 2024, in Cardiff, UK, and was attended by 150 recognised experts. Discussions and voting were centred on provisional criteria that had been distributed prior to the meeting. The participants debated and voted on these. Each criterion required a consensus agreement of ≥ 70% for approval. The accepted criteria for an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome were (1) develops and/or progresses with increasing chronological age; (2) should be associated with, or contribute to, functional decline or an increased susceptibility to functional decline and (3) evidenced by studies in humans. Criteria for an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome have been agreed by an international consortium of subject experts. These criteria will now be used by the ICCARP for the classification and ultimately staging of ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndromes.

Variational analysis of sensory feedback mechanisms in powerstroke–recovery systems - Zhuojun Yu; Peter J. Thomas (Biological Cybernetics, 2024)
Although the raison d’etre of the brain is the survival of the body, there are relatively few theoretical studies of closed-loop rhythmic motor control systems. In this paper we provide a unified framework, based on variational analysis, for investigating the dual goals of performance and robustness in powerstroke–recovery systems. To demonstrate our variational method, we augment two previously published closed-loop motor control models by equipping each model with a performance measure based on the rate of progress of the system relative to a spatially extended external substrate—such as a long strip of seaweed for a feeding task, or progress relative to the ground for a locomotor task. The sensitivity measure quantifies the ability of the system to maintain performance in response to external perturbations, such as an applied load. Motivated by a search for optimal design principles for feedback control achieving the complementary requirements of efficiency and robustness, we discuss the performance–sensitivity patterns of the systems featuring different sensory feedback architectures. In a paradigmatic half-center oscillator-motor system, we observe that the excitation–inhibition property of feedback mechanisms determines the sensitivity pattern while the activation–inactivation property determines the performance pattern. Moreover, we show that the nonlinearity of the sigmoid activation of feedback signals allows the existence of optimal combinations of performance and sensitivity. In a detailed hindlimb locomotor system, we find that a force-dependent feedback can simultaneously optimize both performance and robustness, while length-dependent feedback variations result in significant performance-versus-sensitivity tradeoffs. Thus, this work provides an analytical framework for studying feedback control of oscillations in nonlinear dynamical systems, leading to several insights that have the potential to inform the design of control or rehabilitation systems.

Cytotoxicity and cell membrane interactions of choline-based ionic liquids: Comparing amino acids, acetate, and geranate anions - Mohamad El Mohamad; Qi Han; Brendan Dyett; Haitao Yu; Sara Edgecomb; Mercedes C. Pride; Claylee M. Chism; Angela Roberts; Deauntaye Jones; Eden E.L. Tanner; Calum J. Drummond; Tamar L. Greaves; et al. (Chemosphere, 2024)

OS01-04 Review of New Approach Methodologies for application in risk assessment of nanoparticles in the food and feed sector: status and challenges - S.M. Usmani; S. Bremer-Hoffmann; K. Cheyns; F. Cubadda; V.I. Dumit; S.E. Escher; V. Fessard; A.C. Gutleb; T. Léger; Y.-C. Liu; J. Mast; E. McVey; et al. (Toxicology Letters, 2024)

Impact of terephthalic acid emissions from intensive nocturnal biomass incineration on oxidative potential in Seoul, South Korea - Sea-Ho Oh; Seoyeong Choe; Myoungki Song; James J. Schauer; Geun-Hye Yu; Min-Suk Bae (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Evidence for particle acceleration approaching PeV energies in the W51 complex - Zhen Cao; F. Aharonian; Axikegu; Y.X. Bai; Y.W. Bao; D. Bastieri; X.J. Bi; Y.J. Bi; W. Bian; A.V. Bukevich; Q. Cao; W.Y. Cao; et al. (Science Bulletin, 2024)

An integrated approach to optimizing concentration shock wave electrodialysis using 2D multicell simulation and response surface models - Yu-I Lin; Shu-Yuan Pan; Yupo J. Lin; Po-Chih Tseng (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024)

Quality control, safety assessment and preparation approaches of low molecular weight heparin - Yanlei Yu; Yue Song; Yunjie Zhao; Ningning Wang; Bin Wei; Robert J. Linhardt; Jonathan S. Dordick; Fuming Zhang; Hong Wang (Carbohydrate Polymers, 2024)

A distinct manganese deposit on a Middle Permian carbonate platform in South China - Wenchao Yu; Zhichen Liu; Bolin Zhang; Daoliang Chu; Wei Wei; Lin Xiao; Deng Chen; Yuansheng Du; Leslie J. Robbins; Kurt Konhauser (Chemical Geology, 2024)

Environmental risk assessment of coastal dredging based on clustering of meteocean forcing - Chang He; Francesco De Leo; Alessandro Stocchino; Zhen-Yu Yin; Ana J. Abascal; Yin-Fu Jin (Coastal Engineering, 2024)

Human Infant Fecal Microbiota Differentially Influences the Mucosal Immune Pathways Upon Influenza Infection in a Humanized Gnotobiotic Pig Model - Jennifer Schrock; Ming Yan; Sara Dolatyabi; Veerupaxagouda Patil; Ganesh Yadagiri; Sankar Renu; Anikethana Ramesh; Ronna Wood; Juliette Hanson; Zhongtang Yu; Gourapura J. Renukaradhya (Current Microbiology, 2024)
In this study, we evaluated the impact of human gut microbiota on the immune pathways in the respiratory tract using a gnotobiotic (Gn) piglet model. We humanized piglets with rural and urban infant fecal microbiota (RIFM and UIFM, respectively) and then infected them with a H1N1 swine influenza virus. We analyzed the microbial diversity and structure of the intestinal and respiratory tracts of the piglets before and after the influenza virus infection and measured the viral load and immune responses. We found that the viral load in the upper respiratory tract of UIFM transplanted piglets was higher than their rural cohorts (RIFM), while virus-specific antibody responses were comparable. The relative cytokine gene expression in the tracheobronchial (respiratory tract) and mesenteric (gastrointestinal) lymph nodes, lungs, blood, and spleen of RIFM and UIFM piglets revealed a trend in reciprocal regulation of proinflammatory, innate, and adaptive immune-associated cytokines as well as the frequency of T-helper/memory cells, cytotoxic T cells, and myeloid immune cell subsets. We also observed different phylum-level shifts of the fecal microbiota in response to influenza virus infection between the two piglet groups, suggesting the potential impact of the gut microbiota on the immune responses to influenza virus infection and lung microbiota. In conclusion, Gn piglets humanized with diverse infant fecal microbiota had differential immune regulation, with UIFM favoring the activation of proinflammatory immune mediators following an influenza virus infection compared to their rural RIFM cohorts. Furthermore, Gn piglets can be a useful model in investigating the impact of diverse human microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract, probably also the respiratory tract, on respiratory health and testing specific probiotic- or prebiotic-based therapeutics.

Adaptation mechanisms of soil microbial community to stoichiometric imbalances caused by forest conversion - Xianzhen Luo; Lingling Zhang; Zhi Li; Rui Zhang; Johannes J. Le Roux; Jason K. Reynolds; Hanxia Yu; Minghao Chen; Yahong Zheng; Enqing Hou; Dazhi Wen (Applied Soil Ecology, 2024)

Mapping off-road tracks and animal paths in protected areas using high-resolution GeoEye-1 panchromatic satellite imagery - Abel Chemura; Shaoqing Lu; Andrew K. Skidmore; Isla Duporge; Stephen J. Lee; Zhaoyang Yu; Shadrack Ngene; Tiejun Wang (International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2024)

Interaction of rice root Fe plaque with radial oxygen loss enhances paddy-soil N2O emission by increasing •OH production and subsequently inhibiting N2O reduction - Jinzhi Yao; Yingdong Fu; Zhuyun Yu; Ting Liu; Tim J. Clough; Chunsheng Hu; Shuping Qin (Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2024)

Inhibition of ER stress using tauroursodeoxycholic acid rescues obesity-evoked cardiac remodeling and contractile anomalies through regulation of ferroptosis - Feng-Juan Li; Miyesaier Abudureyimu; Zeng-Hui Zhang; Jun Tao; Asli F. Ceylan; Jie Lin; Wei Yu; Russel J. Reiter; Milad Ashrafizadeh; Jun Guo; Jun Ren (Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2024)

Modeling the risk of aquatic species invasion spread through boater movements and river connections - Amy C. Kinsley; Szu‐Yu Zoe Kao; Eva A. Enns; Luis E. Escobar; Huijie Qiao; Nicholas Snellgrove; Ulirich Muellner; Petra Muellner; Ranjan Muthukrishnan; Meggan E. Craft; Daniel J. Larkin; Nicholas B. D. Phelps (Conservation Biology, 2024)
Aquatic invasive species (AIS) are one of the greatest threats to the functioning of aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Once an invasive species has been introduced to a new region, many governments develop management strategies to reduce further spread. Nevertheless, managing AIS in a new region is challenging because of the vast areas that need protection and limited resources. Spatial heterogeneity in invasion risk is driven by environmental suitability and propagule pressure, which can be used to prioritize locations for surveillance and intervention activities. To better understand invasion risk across aquatic landscapes, we developed a simulation model to estimate the likelihood of a waterbody becoming invaded with an AIS. The model included waterbodies connected via a multilayer network that included boater movements and hydrological connections. In a case study of Minnesota, we used zebra mussels ( Dreissena polymorpha ) and starry stonewort ( Nitellopsis obtusa ) as model species. We simulated the impacts of management scenarios developed by stakeholders and created a decision‐support tool available through an online application provided as part of the AIS Explorer dashboard. Our baseline model revealed that 89% of new zebra mussel invasions and 84% of new starry stonewort invasions occurred through boater movements, establishing it as a primary pathway of spread and offering insights beyond risk estimates generated by traditional environmental suitability models alone. Our results highlight the critical role of interventions applied to boater movements to reduce AIS dispersal.

Soluble metal porphyrins - Zero-valent zinc system for effective reductive defluorination of branched per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) - Jun Sun; Tsz Tin Yu; Maryam Mirabediny; Matthew Lee; Adele Jones; Denis M. O'Carroll; Michael J. Manefield; Priyank V. Kumar; Russell Pickford; Zeno Rizqi Ramadhan; Saroj Kumar Bhattacharyya; Björn Åkermark; et al. (Water Research, 2024)

Microbial communities overwhelm environmental controls in explaining nitrous oxide emission in acidic soils - Shengwen Xu; Yongxiang Yu; Haoxin Fan; Nataliya Bilyera; Xiangtian Meng; Jiantao Xue; Zhong Lu; Zhihan Yang; Stephen J. Chapman; Fuyun Gao; Wenyan Han; Yaying Li; et al. (Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2024)

Fiddler crab bioturbation stimulates methane emissions in mangroves: Insights into microbial mechanisms - Guoming Qin; Zhe Lu; Shuchai Gan; Lulu Zhang; Jingtao Wu; Christian J. Sanders; Zhili He; Xiaoli Yu; Jingfan Zhang; Jinge Zhou; Ruyi Ding; Xingyun Huang; et al. (Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2024)

Submerged macrophyte restoration enhanced microbial carbon utilization in shallow lakes - Yao Guo; Songsong Gu; Andrew J. Tanentzap; Pei Wang; Qianzheng Li; Kaixuan Wu; Peng He; Xiangfen Liu; Junqi Yu; Dongru Qiu; Junmei Wu; Yi Zhang; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Sources and fate of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in a highly eutrophic lake - Yiduo Luo; Yu Wang; Fen Guo; Martin J. Kainz; Jiaqi You; Feilong Li; Wei Gao; Xiaomei Shen; Juan Tao; Yuan Zhang (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Solar zenith angle-based calibration of Himawari-8 land surface temperature for correcting diurnal retrieval error characteristics - Yi Yu; Luigi J. Renzullo; Tim R. McVicar; Thomas G. Van Niel; Dejun Cai; Siyuan Tian; Yichuan Ma (Remote Sensing of Environment, 2024)

Cancer mortality risk from short-term PM2.5 exposure and temporal variations in Brazil - Pei Yu; Rongbin Xu; Yao Wu; Wenzhong Huang; Micheline S.Z.S. Coelho; Paulo H.N. Saldiva; Tingting Ye; Bo Wen; Yanming Liu; Zhengyu Yang; Shanshan Li; Michael J. Abramson; et al. (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2024)

Sea−level rise and arsenic−rich soils: A toxic relationship - Fatemeh Izaditame; Joshua J. LeMonte; Matthew G. Siebecker; Xuan Yu; Matthew Fischel; Ryan Tappero; Donald L. Sparks (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2024)

Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and executive functions at school age: Results from a combined cohort study - Yu Ni; Adam A. Szpiro; Christine T. Loftus; Tomomi Workman; Alexis Sullivan; Erin R. Wallace; Anne M. Riederer; Drew B. Day; Laura E. Murphy; Ruby H.N. Nguyen; Sheela Sathyanarayana; Emily S. Barrett; et al. (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2024)

Cortical and spinal responses to short-term strength training and detraining in young and older adults in rectus femoris muscle - Gonzalo Gomez-Guerrero; Janne Avela; Ilkka Jussila; Esa Pihlajamäki; Fu-Yu Deng; Dawson J. Kidgell; Juha P. Ahtiainen; Simon Walker (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2024)
Introduction Strength training mitigates the age-related decline in strength and muscle activation but limited evidence exists on specific motor pathway adaptations. Methods Eleven young (22–34 years) and ten older (66–80 years) adults underwent five testing sessions where lumbar-evoked potentials (LEPs) and motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were measured during 20 and 60% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Ten stimulations, randomly delivered, targeted 25% of maximum compound action potential for LEPs and 120, 140, and 160% of active motor threshold (aMT) for MEPs. The 7-week whole-body resistance training intervention included five exercises, e.g., knee extension (5 sets) and leg press (3 sets), performed twice weekly and was followed by 4 weeks of detraining. Results Young had higher MVC (~ 63 N·m, p = 0.006), 1-RM (~ 50 kg, p = 0.002), and lower aMT (~ 9%, p = 0.030) than older adults at baseline. Young increased 1-RM (+ 18 kg, p < 0.001), skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (+ 0.9 kg, p = 0.009), and LEP amplitude (+ 0.174, p < 0.001) during 20% MVC. Older adults increased MVC (+ 13 N·m, p = 0.014), however, they experienced decreased LEP amplitude (− 0.241, p < 0.001) during 20% MVC and MEP amplitude reductions at 120% (− 0.157, p = 0.034), 140% (− 0.196, p = 0.026), and 160% (− 0.210, p = 0.006) aMT during 60% MVC trials. After detraining, young and older adults decreased 1-RM, while young adults decreased SMM. Conclusion Higher aMT and MEP amplitude in older adults were concomitant with lower baseline strength. Training increased strength in both groups, but divergent modifications in cortico-spinal activity occurred. Results suggest that the primary locus of adaptation occurs at the spinal level.

How do we reinforce climate action? - Jiaying Zhao; Jade Radke; Frances S. Chen; Sonya Sachdeva; Samuel J. Gershman; Yu Luo (Sustainability Science, 2024)
Humanity has a shrinking window to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions, yet climate action is still lacking on both individual and policy levels. We argue that this is because behavioral interventions have largely neglected the basic principles of operant conditioning as one set of tools to promote collective climate action. In this perspective, we propose an operant conditioning framework that uses rewards and punishments to shape transportation, food, waste, housing, and civic actions. This framework highlights the value of reinforcement in encouraging the switch to low-emission behavior, while also considering the benefit of decreasing high-emission behavior to expedite the transition. This approach also helps explain positive and negative spillovers from behavioral interventions. This paper provides a recipe to design individual-level and system-level interventions to generate and sustain low-emission behavior to help achieve net zero emissions.

Full Hill-type muscle model of the I1/I3 retractor muscle complex in Aplysia californica - Ravesh Sukhnandan; Qianxue Chen; Jiayi Shen; Samantha Pao; Yu Huan; Gregory P. Sutton; Jeffrey P. Gill; Hillel J. Chiel; Victoria A. Webster-Wood (Biological Cybernetics, 2024)
The coordination of complex behavior requires knowledge of both neural dynamics and the mechanics of the periphery. The feeding system of Aplysia californica is an excellent model for investigating questions in soft body systems’ neuromechanics because of its experimental tractability. Prior work has attempted to elucidate the mechanical properties of the periphery by using a Hill-type muscle model to characterize the force generation capabilities of the key protractor muscle responsible for moving Aplysia ’s grasper anteriorly, the I2 muscle. However, the I1/I3 muscle, which is the main driver of retractions of Aplysia ’s grasper, has not been characterized. Because of the importance of the musculature’s properties in generating functional behavior, understanding the properties of muscles like the I1/I3 complex may help to create more realistic simulations of the feeding behavior of Aplysia , which can aid in greater understanding of the neuromechanics of soft-bodied systems. To bridge this gap, in this work, the I1/I3 muscle complex was characterized using force-frequency, length-tension, and force-velocity experiments and showed that a Hill-type model can accurately predict its force-generation properties. Furthermore, the muscle’s peak isometric force and stiffness were found to exceed those of the I2 muscle, and these results were analyzed in the context of prior studies on the I1/I3 complex’s kinematics in vivo.

Geodynamic regime of the southeastern North China Craton before the Tectono-Magmatic Lull: evidence from ca. 2510 Ma and 2430 Ma igneous rocks in the Xuhuai micro-block - Tianyang Hu; Lei Liu; Guoxiang Chi; Leslie J. Robbins; Heng Liu; Weijian Zhou; M. Santosh; Zhiqiang Yu; Shisheng Kang; Qi Hou; Xiaoyong Yang (International Geology Review, 2024)

Climate-regulation of organic carbon export in erosive mountain settings: A case study from Taiwan since the last glacial maximum - Li-Wei Zheng; Robert G. Hilton; Yuan-Pin Chang; Rick J. Yang; Xiaodong Ding; Xufeng Zheng; Tsung-Yu Lee; Hsi-Jih Lu; Jung-Tai Lu; Yu-Shih Lin; James T. Liu; Shuh-Ji Kao (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2024)

Remagnetization of magnetite-bearing rocks in the Eastern Qiangtang Terrane, Tibetan Plateau (China): Mechanism and diagnosis - Qiang Fu; Maodu Yan; Mark J. Dekkers; Chong Guan; Liang Yu; Wanlong Xu; Zunbo Xu; Miaomiao Shen; Bingshuai Li (Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 2024)

Boundary of ecosystem services: Differentiating between ecosystem services and geosystem services is needed - Haojie Chen; Matthew R. Sloggy; Francisco Escobedo; Teemu Koskimäki; Tianchu Lu; Ziqi Meng; A. Rifaee Rasheed; José J. Sánchez; Xin Tan; Weishan Yang; Fang Yu (Journal of Environmental Management, 2024)

Experimental and theoretical constraints on lithium isotope fractionation during brine evaporation and halite precipitation - Yongjie Lin; Marcello Merli; Paolo Censi; Simon A.T. Redfern; Yue Zhao; Qing-Zhu Yin; Mianping Zheng; Xudong Yu; Yongsheng Zhang; William J. Knapp; Edward T. Tipper (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2024)

Unleashing the potential of waste: A supercharged high-performance 3D printing resin from discarded polylactic acid - Yu-Chung Chang; Lin Shao; Wangcheng Liu; Brian J. Bliss; Baoming Zhao; Zihui Zhao; Jinwen Zhang (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024)

Systems metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum to assimilate formic acid for biomass accumulation and succinic acid production - Kai Li; Xue Zhang; Cheng Li; Yu-Cheng Liang; Xin-Qing Zhao; Chen-Guang Liu; Anthony J. Sinskey; Feng-Wu Bai (Bioresource Technology, 2024)

Simultaneous Removal of Cu(II) And Pb(Ii) From Stormwater Runoff by Y-Type-Zeolite-Modified Bioretention System - Kinjal J. Shah; Jiacheng Yu; Ting Zhang; Zhaoyang You; Hyunook Kim (Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2024)

Effect of Phyllostachys pubescens expansion and refelling on soil food web in a Cryptomeria japonica plantation, Lushan Mountain, subtropical China - Zhe Wang; Suqin Yu; Liqin Liao; Ke Wang; Foyi Zhang; Philip J. Murray; Qiong Wang; Wei Liu (Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2024)

Historical cisco Coregonus artedi population collapses in Green Bay, Lake Michigan, and Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, during the 1950s - Benjamin J. Rook; Yu‐Chun Kao; Randy L. Eshenroder; Charles R. Bronte; Andrew M. Muir (Fisheries Management and Ecology, 2024)
Coregonus populations across their Holarctic range have often undergone unexplained collapses. Here, we document causes of collapse for two of the largest Coregonus populations in the world, cisco ( C. artedi ) in Green Bay, Lake Michigan, and Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, during the 1950s. We used simulation models, rank‐order correlations, and historical literature to evaluate effects of overfishing, interactions with introduced rainbow smelt ( Osmerus mordax ), and overwinter bottom hypoxia on both cisco populations. Fully selected exploitation rates for cisco were alarmingly high (0.82–0.84), correlations and anecdotal evidence suggested negative interactions with rainbow smelt, and extensive areas of hypoxia coincident with cisco declines suggested incubation of cisco embryos was impaired regionally. Our findings suggested that negative effects of rainbow smelt were mainly responsible for the cisco population collapse in Green Bay and that overfishing and hypoxia had suppressed the Saginaw Bay cisco population before rainbow smelt caused its final collapse.

To and fro in the archipelago: Repeated inter-island dispersal and New Guinea’s orogeny affect diversification of Delias, the world’s largest butterfly genus - Weijun Liang; Renato Nunes; Jing V. Leong; Ana Paula S. Carvalho; Chris J. Müller; Michael F. Braby; Olivier Pequin; Sugihiko Hoshizaki; Sadaharu Morinaka; Djunijanti Peggie; Jade Aster T. Badon; Alma B. Mohagan; et al. (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2024)

Associations of prenatal ambient air pollution exposures with asthma in middle childhood - Marnie F. Hazlehurst; Kecia N. Carroll; Paul E. Moore; Adam A. Szpiro; Margaret A. Adgent; Logan C. Dearborn; Allison R. Sherris; Christine T. Loftus; Yu Ni; Qi Zhao; Emily S. Barrett; Ruby H.N. Nguyen; et al. (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2024)

Artificial intelligence in paleontology - Congyu Yu; Fangbo Qin; Akinobu Watanabe; Weiqi Yao; Ying Li; Zichuan Qin; Yuming Liu; Haibing Wang; Qigao Jiangzuo; Allison Y. Hsiang; Chao Ma; Emily Rayfield; et al. (Earth-Science Reviews, 2024)

Greenhouse gas emissions (CO 2 –CH 4 –N 2 O) along a large reservoir‐downstream river continuum: The role of seasonal hypoxia - Zetao Wu; Dan Yu; Qibiao Yu; Qian Liu; Mingzhen Zhang; Randy A. Dahlgren; Jack J. Middelburg; Liyin Qu; Quanlong Li; Weidong Guo; Nengwang Chen (Limnology and Oceanography, 2024)
Recent studies suggest that hypolimnetic respiration may be responsible for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from deep reservoirs. Currently, quantitative evaluation of aerobic vs. anaerobic processes and priming (enhanced processing of organic matter due to the addition of labile carbon) in regulating GHG production and emissions across the reservoir‐downstream continuum remains largely unknown. High‐resolution, annual time‐series observations in a large, subtropical reservoir (Shuikou) experiencing seasonal hypoxia in southeast China indicate that aerobic hypolimnetic CO 2 production dominated in most periods of the stratified spring/summer with higher rates at higher temperatures. In addition, anaerobic production of hypolimnetic CO 2 occurred in the late stratified spring/summer period, which stimulated hypolimnetic production of CH 4 and N 2 O. Incubation experiments showed that priming in spring enhanced both aerobic and anaerobic production of excess GHGs. A late spring flood event generated the highest daily efflux of CO 2 through the flushing of GHG‐enriched hypolimnion waters. Turbine degassing contributed 59%, 93%, and 63% of annual CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O effluxes, respectively. Moreover, annual downstream GHG emissions were similar to those in the transition/lacustrine zone of the Shuikou reservoir. Diurnal variation observations revealed net CO 2 emissions even during algal bloom seasons. The reservoir‐downstream river continuum was a year‐round source of GHGs (218.5 ± 18.9 Gg CO 2 ‐equivalent yr −1 ; CO 2 contributed 91%). However, the loss of oxygen also leads to increased production and storage of recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon (RDOC). Thus, identifying mechanisms controlling both GHG emissions and RDOC production is crucial to constrain the carbon neutrality issue of hydroelectric reservoirs in the context of climate change mitigation strategies.

Biological mitigation of soil nitrous oxide emissions by plant metabolites - Yufang Lu; Fangjia Wang; Ju Min; Herbert J. Kronzucker; Yao Hua; Haoming Yu; Feng Zhou; Weiming Shi (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Plant metabolites significantly affect soil nitrogen (N) cycling, but their influence on nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions has not been quantitatively analyzed on a global scale. We conduct a comprehensive meta‐analysis of 173 observations from 42 articles to evaluate global patterns of and principal factors controlling N 2 O emissions in the presence of root exudates and extracts. Overall, plant metabolites promoted soil N 2 O emissions by about 10%. However, the effects of plant metabolites on N 2 O emissions from soils varied with experimental conditions and properties of both metabolites and soils. Primary metabolites, such as sugars, amino acids, and organic acids, strongly stimulated soil N 2 O emissions, by an average of 79%, while secondary metabolites, such as phenolics, terpenoids, and flavonoids, often characterized as both biological nitrification inhibitors (BNIs) and biological denitrification inhibitors (BDIs), reduced soil N 2 O emissions by an average of 41%. The emission mitigation effects of BNIs/BDIs were closely associated with soil texture and pH, increasing with increasing soil clay content and soil pH on acidic and neutral soils, and with decreasing soil pH on alkaline soils. We furthermore present soil incubation experiments that show that three secondary metabolite types act as BNIs to reduce N 2 O emissions by 32%–45%, while three primary metabolite classes possess a stimulatory effect of 56%–63%, confirming the results of the meta‐analysis. Our results highlight the potential role and application range of specific secondary metabolites in biomitigation of global N 2 O emissions and provide new biological parameters for N 2 O emission models that should help improve the accuracy of model predictions.

Unearthing the soil‐borne microbiome of land plants - Raúl Ochoa‐Hueso; David J. Eldridge; Miguel Berdugo; Pankaj Trivedi; Blessing Sokoya; Concha Cano‐Díaz; Sebastian Abades; Fernando Alfaro; Adebola R. Bamigboye; Felipe Bastida; José L. Blanco‐Pastor; Asunción de los Rios; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Plant–soil biodiversity interactions are fundamental for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Yet, the existence of a set of globally distributed topsoil microbial and small invertebrate organisms consistently associated with land plants (i.e., their consistent soil‐borne microbiome), together with the environmental preferences and functional capabilities of these organisms, remains unknown. We conducted a standardized field survey under 150 species of land plants, including 58 species of bryophytes and 92 of vascular plants, across 124 locations from all continents. We found that, despite the immense biodiversity of soil organisms, the land plants evaluated only shared a small fraction (less than 1%) of all microbial and invertebrate taxa that were present across contrasting climatic and soil conditions and vegetation types. These consistent taxa were dominated by generalist decomposers and phagotrophs and their presence was positively correlated with the abundance of functional genes linked to mineralization. Finally, we showed that crossing environmental thresholds in aridity (aridity index of 0.65, i.e., the transition from mesic to dry ecosystems), soil pH (5.5; i.e., the transition from acidic to strongly acidic soils), and carbon (less than 2%, the lower limit of fertile soils) can result in drastic disruptions in the associations between land plants and soil organisms, with potential implications for the delivery of soil ecosystem processes under ongoing global environmental change.

DPP-4 inhibitors sitagliptin and PF-00734,200 mitigate dopaminergic neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation and behavioral impairment in the rat 6-OHDA model of Parkinson’s disease - Seong-Jin Yu; Yun Wang; Hui Shen; Eun-Kyung Bae; Yazhou Li; Kumar Sambamurti; Michael A. Tones; Margaret M. Zaleska; Barry J. Hoffer; Nigel H. Greig (GeroScience, 2024)
Epidemiological studies report an elevated risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that is mitigated in those prescribed dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. With an objective to characterize clinically translatable doses of DPP-4 inhibitors (gliptins) in a well-characterized PD rodent model, sitagliptin, PF-00734,200 or vehicle were orally administered to rats initiated either 7-days before or 7-days after unilateral medial forebrain bundle 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioning. Measures of dopaminergic cell viability, dopamine content, neuroinflammation and neurogenesis were evaluated thereafter in ipsi- and contralateral brain. Plasma and brain incretin and DPP-4 activity levels were quantified. Furthermore, brain incretin receptor levels were age-dependently evaluated in rodents, in 6-OHDA challenged animals and human subjects with/without PD. Cellular studies evaluated neurotrophic/neuroprotective actions of combined incretin administration. Pre-treatment with oral sitagliptin or PF-00734,200 reduced methamphetamine (meth)-induced rotation post-lesioning and dopaminergic degeneration in lesioned substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and striatum. Direct intracerebroventricular gliptin administration lacked neuroprotective actions, indicating that systemic incretin-mediated mechanisms underpin gliptin-induced favorable brain effects. Post-treatment with a threefold higher oral gliptin dose, likewise, mitigated meth-induced rotation, dopaminergic neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, and augmented neurogenesis. These gliptin-induced actions associated with 70–80% plasma and 20–30% brain DPP-4 inhibition, and elevated plasma and brain incretin levels. Brain incretin receptor protein levels were age-dependently maintained in rodents, preserved in rats challenged with 6-OHDA, and in humans with PD. Combined GLP-1 and GIP receptor activation in neuronal cultures resulted in neurotrophic/neuroprotective actions superior to single agonists alone. In conclusion, these studies support further evaluation of the repurposing of clinically approved gliptins as a treatment strategy for PD.

Marine turtles as bio-indicators of plastic pollution in the eastern Mediterranean - Emily M. Duncan; Hasan Deniz Akbora; Patrizia Baldi; Damla Beton; Annette C. Broderick; Burak Ali Cicek; Charlotte Crowe-Harland; Sophie Davey; Tess DeSerisy; Wayne J. Fuller; Julia C. Haywood; Yu Jou Hsieh; et al. (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2024)

Nitrogen-loss and carbon-footprint reduction by plant-rhizosphere exudates - Yufang Lu; Herbert J. Kronzucker; Min Yu; Sergey Shabala; Weiming Shi (Trends in Plant Science, 2024)

Rice root Fe plaque increases paddy soil CH4 emissions via the promotion of electron transfer for syntrophic methanogenesis - Jinzhi Yao; Minghui Xie; Linpeng Yu; Ting Liu; Tim J. Clough; Nicole Wrage-Mönnig; Jiafa Luo; Chunsheng Hu; Tida Ge; Shungui Zhou; Shuping Qin (Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2024)

A new salinity-based model for Cryogenian Mn-carbonate deposits - Wei Wei; Wenchao Yu; Yuansheng Du; Thomas J. Algeo; Zhiquan Li; Meng Cheng; Ping Wang; Jingyu Zhang; Leslie J. Robbins; Kurt Konhauser (Precambrian Research, 2024)

Critical factors for effective resident participation in neighborhood rehabilitation in Wuhan, China: From the perspectives of diverse stakeholders - Yu Li; Yinhua Tao; Queena K. Qian; Erwin Mlecnik; Henk J. Visscher (Landscape and Urban Planning, 2024)

Asynchronous Holocene human population changes in north and south China as related to animal resource utilization - Yanyan Yu; Jie Yu; Haibin Wu; Feng He; Stephen J. Vavrus; Amber Johnson; Wenchao Zhang; Qin Li; Zhengtang Guo (Global and Planetary Change, 2024)

Effects of long-range transport on carboxylic acids, chlorinated VOCs, and oxidative potential in air pollution events - Sea-Ho Oh; Seoyeong Choe; Myoungki Song; Geun-Hye Yu; James J. Schauer; Sun-A Shin; Min-Suk Bae (Environmental Pollution, 2024)

Hornblendites as a record of differentiation, metasomatism and magma fertility in arc crust - Ren-Zhi Zhu; Daniel J. Smith; Fangyue Wang; Jiang-Feng Qin; Chao Zhang; Shaowei Zhao; Min Liu; Fangyi Zhang; Yu Zhu; Shao-Cong Lai (Chemical Geology, 2024)

Slow- and fast-release magnesium-fortified macronutrient fertilizers improve plant growth with lower Mg leaching loss - Zhenya Lu; Fien Degryse; Jing Wu; Chengdong Huang; Yun Yu; Michael J. Mclaughlin; Fusuo Zhang (Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2024)

Xenon Antiaggregant Effects - V. V. Udut; D. V. Tsuran; S. A. Naumov; L. Yu. Kotlovskaya; S. S. Naumov; D. N. Evtushenko; E. I. Gubin; N. J. Francis; E. V. Udut (Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 2024)

Ion transfer mediated by TEMPO in ionophore-doped thin films for multi-ion sensing by cyclic voltammetry - Gabriel J. Mattos; Justine A. Rothen; Nikolai Yu Tiuftiakov; Eric Bakker (Analytica Chimica Acta, 2024)

Sitagliptin elevates plasma and CSF incretin levels following oral administration to nonhuman primates: relevance for neurodegenerative disorders - Yazhou Li; Kelli L. Vaughan; Yun Wang; Seong-Jin Yu; Eun-Kyung Bae; Ian A. Tamargo; Katherine O. Kopp; David Tweedie; Cheng-Chuan Chiang; Keith T. Schmidt; Debomoy K. Lahiri; Michael A. Tones; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
The endogenous incretins glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) possess neurotrophic, neuroprotective, and anti-neuroinflammatory actions. The dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin reduces degradation of endogenous GLP-1 and GIP, and, thereby, extends the circulation of these protective peptides. The current nonhuman primate (NHP) study evaluates whether human translational sitagliptin doses can elevate systemic and central nervous system (CNS) levels of GLP-1/GIP in naive, non-lesioned NHPs, in line with our prior rodent studies that demonstrated sitagliptin efficacy in preclinical models of Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD is an age-associated neurodegenerative disorder whose current treatment is inadequate. Repositioning of the well-tolerated and efficacious diabetes drug sitagliptin provides a rapid approach to add to the therapeutic armamentarium for PD. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of 3 oral sitagliptin doses (5, 20, and 100 mg/kg), equivalent to the routine clinical dose, a tolerated higher clinical dose and a maximal dose in monkey, were evaluated. Peak plasma sitagliptin levels were aligned both with prior reports in humans administered equivalent doses and with those in rodents demonstrating reduction of PD associated neurodegeneration. Although CNS uptake of sitagliptin was low (cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/plasma ratio 0.01), both plasma and CSF concentrations of GLP-1/GIP were elevated in line with efficacy in prior rodent PD studies. Additional cellular studies evaluating human SH-SY5Y and primary rat ventral mesencephalic cultures challenged with 6-hydroxydopamine, established cellular models of PD, demonstrated that joint treatment with GLP-1 + GIP mitigated cell death, particularly when combined with DPP-4 inhibition to maintain incretin levels. In conclusion, this study provides a supportive translational step towards the clinical evaluation of sitagliptin in PD and other neurodegenerative disorders for which aging, similarly, is the greatest risk factor.

The effects of soil compaction on wheat seedling root growth are specific to soil texture and soil moisture status - Cailian Yu; Tinashe Mawodza; Brian S. Atkinson; Jonathan A. Atkinson; Craig J. Sturrock; Richard Whalley; Malcolm J. Hawkesford; Hannah Cooper; Xiaoxian Zhang; Hu Zhou; Sacha J. Mooney (Rhizosphere, 2024)

Feasibility of monitoring floodplain on-farm water storages by integrating airborne and satellite LiDAR altimetry with optical remote sensing - Jorge L. Peña-Arancibia; Catherine J. Ticehurst; Yingying Yu; Tim R. McVicar; Steve P. Marvanek (Remote Sensing of Environment, 2024)

First mapping of polarization-dependent vegetation optical depth and soil moisture from SMAP L-band radiometry - Zhiqing Peng; Tianjie Zhao; Jiancheng Shi; Lu Hu; Nemesio J. Rodríguez-Fernández; Jean-Pierre Wigneron; Thomas J. Jackson; Jeffrey P. Walker; Michael H. Cosh; Kun Yang; Hui Lu; Yu Bai; et al. (Remote Sensing of Environment, 2024)

Exploring the potential of combining transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography to investigate mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review - J. D. Hall; Jacob M. Green; Yu-Chin A. Chen; Yilin Liu; Hangbin Zhang; Mark H. Sundman; Ying-hui Chou (GeroScience, 2024)

Edge computing in wildlife behavior and ecology - Hui Yu; Guillermo J. Amador; Antoine Cribellier; Marcel Klaassen; Henrik J. de Knegt; Marc Naguib; Reindert Nijland; Lukasz Nowak; Herbert H.T. Prins; Lysanne Snijders; Chris Tyson; Florian T. Muijres (Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2024)

Modular ocean trace elements sampling for the international GEOTRACES studies – Evidence from analysis of dissolved Fe and Pb - J. Zhang; Z.T. Ni; J.L. Ren; F. Yu; X.Y. Diao; Y. Wang; S.J. Zhang; H. Su; S.L. Cong; Z.J. Lu; S. Jiang; J. Ou; et al. (Progress in Oceanography, 2024)

Simultaneous identification of a non-point contaminant source with Gaussian spatially distributed release and heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity in an aquifer using the LES-MDA method - Wenjun Zhang; Teng Xu; Zi Chen; J. Jaime Gómez-Hernández; Chunhui Lu; Jie Yang; Yu Ye; Miao Jing (Journal of Hydrology, 2024)

Life cycle assessment on marine aquaponic production of shrimp, red orache, minutina and okahajiki - April J. Arbour; Yu-Ting Chu; Paul B. Brown; Jen-Yi Huang (Journal of Environmental Management, 2024)

Vegetation−fire feedbacks increase subtropical wildfire risk in scrubland and reduce it in forests - P. Wei; B. Lamont; T. He; W. Xue; P.C. Wang; W. Song; R. Zhang; A.B. Keyhani; S. Zhao; W. Lu; F. Dong; R. Gao; et al. (Journal of Environmental Management, 2024)

Dehydrogenation of cycloalkanes over Pt/SBA-15 for endothermic cooling - Ching-Yu Wang; John M. Vohs; Raymond J. Gorte (Fuel, 2024)

Quantification, characterization and risk assessment of microplastics from five major estuaries along the northern Bay of Bengal coast - Partho Banik; Md Anisuzzaman; Shovon Bhattacharjee; David J. Marshall; Jimmy Yu; As-Ad Ujjaman Nur; Yeasmin N. Jolly; Md Al- Mamun; Bilal Ahamad Paray; Md Maheen Mahmud Bappy; Tabarok Bhuiyan; M. Belal Hossain (Environmental Pollution, 2024)

Critical metal enrichment in Upper Carboniferous karst bauxite of North China Craton - Zhuangsen Wang; Yong Li; Thomas J. Algeo; Wenchao Yu; Xiao-Fang He (Mineralium Deposita, 2024)

Plant community diversity alters the response of ecosystem multifunctionality to multiple global change factors - Zhenwei Xu; Xiao Guo; Warwick J. Allen; Xiaona Yu; Yi Hu; Jingfeng Wang; Mingyan Li; Weihua Guo (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Biodiversity is considered important to the mitigation of global change impacts on ecosystem multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems. However, potential mechanisms through which biodiversity maintains ecosystem multifunctionality under global change remain unclear. We grew 132 plant communities with two levels of plant diversity, crossed with treatments based on 10 global change factors (nitrogen deposition, soil salinity, drought, plant invasion, simulated grazing, oil pollution, plastics pollution, antibiotics pollution, heavy metal pollution, and pesticide pollution). All global change factors negatively impacted ecosystem multifunctionality, but negative impacts were stronger in high compared with low diversity plant communities. We explored potential mechanisms for this unexpected result, finding that the inhibition of selection effects (i.e., selection for plant species associated with high ecosystem functioning) contributed to sensitivity of ecosystem multifunctionality to global change. Specifically, global change factors decreased the abundance of novel functional plants (i.e., legumes) in high but not low diversity plant communities. The negative impacts of global change on ecosystem multifunctionality were also mediated by increased relative abundance of fungal plant pathogens (identified from metabarcoding of soil samples) and their negative relationship with the abundance of novel functional plants. Taken together, our experiment highlights the importance of protecting high diversity plant communities and legumes, and managing fungal pathogens, to the maintenance of ecosystem multifunctionality in the face of complex global change.

Grassland sensitivity to drought is related to functional composition across E ast A sia and N orth A merica - Lin Song; Robert J. Griffin‐Nolan; Taofeek O. Muraina; Jiaqi Chen; Niwu Te; Yuan Shi; Kenneth D. Whitney; Bingchuan Zhang; Qiang Yu; Melinda D. Smith; Xiaoan Zuo; Zhengwen Wang; et al. (Ecology, 2024)
Plant traits can be helpful for understanding grassland ecosystem responses to climate extremes, such as severe drought. However, intercontinental comparisons of how drought affects plant functional traits and ecosystem functioning are rare. The Extreme Drought in Grasslands experiment (EDGE) was established across the major grassland types in East Asia and North America (six sites on each continent) to measure variability in grassland ecosystem sensitivity to extreme, prolonged drought. At all sites, we quantified community‐weighted mean functional composition and functional diversity of two leaf economic traits, specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content, in response to drought. We found that experimental drought significantly increased community‐weighted means of specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content at all North American sites and at the wetter East Asian sites, but drought decreased community‐weighted means of these traits at moderate to dry East Asian sites. Drought significantly decreased functional richness but increased functional evenness and dispersion at most East Asian and North American sites. Ecosystem drought sensitivity (percentage reduction in aboveground net primary productivity) positively correlated with community‐weighted means of specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content and negatively correlated with functional diversity (i.e., richness) on an intercontinental scale, but results differed within regions. These findings highlight both broad generalities but also unique responses to drought of community‐weighted trait means as well as their functional diversity across grassland ecosystems.

Impact of knockout of dual-specificity protein phosphatase 5 on structural and mechanical properties of rat middle cerebral arteries: implications for vascular aging - Chengyun Tang; Huawei Zhang; Jane J. Border; Yedan Liu; Xing Fang; Joshua R. Jefferson; Andrew Gregory; Claire Johnson; Tae Jin Lee; Shan Bai; Ashok Sharma; Seung Min Shin; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Direct generation of DBPs from city dust during chlorine-based disinfection - Lei Xu; Shian Song; Nigel J D Graham; Wenzheng Yu (Water Research, 2024)

Inverse magnetic fabric of remagnetized limestones in the Zaduo area, Eastern Qiangtang Terrane: Implications for oroclinal bending in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis - Qiang Fu; Maodu Yan; Mark J. Dekkers; Bingshuai Li; Chong Guan; Liang Yu; Wanlong Xu; Miaomiao Shen; Zunbo Xu (Tectonophysics, 2024)

Migration of nanocolloid-carrying antibiotics in paddy red soil during the organic fertilization process - Yu Jiang; Yifei Zhang; Yuanyuan Liang; Wen Liu; Yu Wang; Jiewen Yang; Rongliang Qiu; Hong J. Di; Dan A (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Interactions between microplastics and insects in terrestrial ecosystems—A systematic review and meta-analysis - Juan-Ying Li; Yang Yu; Nicholas J. Craig; Wenhui He; Lei Su (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2024)

Comprehending the practical implementation of permanganate and ferrate for water remediation in complex water matrices - Dingxiang Wang; Yongqiang Yu; Jiahao He; Jun Ma; Jing Zhang; Timothy J. Strathmann (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2024)

Quantifying the effects of pressure management for the Williston basin Brine Extraction and Storage Test (BEST) site using machine learning - Xue Yu; Tao Jiang; Cody B. Williamson; Ryan J. Klapperich; John A. Hamling; Nicholas A. Azzolina; Lawrence J. Pekot (International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2024)

Reconfiguring oxygenation at ∼1.4 Ga: New constraints as informed by the ancient oceanic sulfur cycle - Ziwen Jiang; Chunfang Cai; Christopher J. Tino; Daowei Wang; Yu Qi; Peng Sun; Yanyan Peng; Yongjie Hu; Dawei Liu; Tianyuan Wei; Lei Jiang (Global and Planetary Change, 2024)

Manganese cycling and transport in boreal estuaries impacted by acidic Mn-rich drainage - Changxun Yu; Stephanie Turner; Simo Huotari; Ning Chen; Andrey Shchukarev; Peter Österholm; Margarita Lopez-Fernandez; Eva Högfors-Rönnholm; Varvara Sachpazidou; Sathish Mayanna; K. Johan Hogmalm; Joonas J. Virtasalo; et al. (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2024)

Legume versus non-legume foliar litter decomposition in regularly burned loblolly pine forests - J. Brian Stogner; Daniel B. Hall; Mengyun Yu; Joseph J. Hendricks (Forest Ecology and Management, 2024)

Interdisciplinary methods for analysing food matrix structures of hybrid cell-based meats: A review - Olivia J. Ogilvie; Rachel Z. Bennie; Hamish J.F. Trlin; Larry Sai Weng Loo; Hanzhang Zhou; Ang Jin; Jin Kyo Oh; Renwick C.J. Dobson; Hanry Yu; Laura J. Domigan (Food Structure, 2024)

Long-term ozone exposure and lung function in middle childhood - Marnie F. Hazlehurst; Logan C. Dearborn; Allison R. Sherris; Christine T. Loftus; Margaret A. Adgent; Adam A. Szpiro; Yu Ni; Drew B. Day; Joel D. Kaufman; Neeta Thakur; Rosalind J. Wright; Sheela Sathyanarayana; et al. (Environmental Research, 2024)

Authigenic clay mineral constraints on spatiotemporal evolution of restricted, evaporitic conditions during deposition of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation - Shujun Han; Stefan C Löhr; April N Abbott; Andre Baldermann; Graham A. Shields; Huan Cui; Alan J Kaufman; Bo Chen; Bingsong Yu (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2024)

Two-dimensional graphene oxide/MXene lamellar membrane cross-linked by urea with adjustable interlayer spacing for efficient dye rejection and ion sieving - Dehao Yu; Liyue Sun; Yuning Zhang; Yu Song; Chenyu Jia; Yao Wang; Yanxin Wang; Matt J. Kipper; Jianguo Tang; Linjun Huang (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024)

Genome-wide association study of leaf photosynthesis using a high-throughput gas exchange system in rice - Sotaro Honda; Ayumu Imamura; Yoshiaki Seki; Koki Chigira; Marina Iwasa; Kentaro Hayami; Tomohiro Nomura; Satoshi Ohkubo; Taiichiro Ookawa; Atsushi J. Nagano; Makoto Matsuoka; Yu Tanaka; et al. (Photosynthesis Research, 2024)

Microplastics in Perna viridis and Venerupis species: assessment and impacts of plastic pollution - A. J. G. Yu; L. G. Yap-Dejeto; R. B. Parilla; N. B. Elizaga (International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2024)

Abiotic reductive transformation of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one by zero-valent iron - Y. Yu; R. A. Root; R. Castrejon Miranda; R. Sierra-Alvarez; J. Chorover; J. A. Field (International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2024)

Expression and Significance of BCCIP and Glutathione Peroxidase 4 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma - Yao Liu; J. Liu; C. Liu; J. Jin; Yu Liu (Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 2024)

Coral reefs in the northeastern Saudi Arabian Red Sea are resilient to mass coral mortality events - Yu-Jia Lin; Moritz J. Heinle; Ali Al-Musabeh; Jinoy Gopalan; Thiyagarajan D. Vasanthi; Premlal Panickan; Tarek Hamade; Bruno Pulido; Thadickal V. Joydas; Barry Shepherd (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2023)

Efficient separation of dyes using two-dimensional heterogeneous composite membranes - Fengchun Jia; Liu Yang; Liyue Sun; Dehao Yu; Yu Song; Yanxin Wang; Matt J. Kipper; Jianguo Tang; Linjun Huang (Water Research, 2023)

Genomic architecture constrains macromolecular allocation in dinoflagellates - Olga Carnicer; Ying-Yu Hu; Vinitha Ebenezer; Andrew J. Irwin; Zoe V. Finkel (Protist, 2023)

pH-Responsive graphene oxide/poly (methacrylic acid) hybrid nanofiltration membrane performance for water treatment - Li-yue Sun; De-hao Yu; Zhao-ge Juan; Yao Wang; Yan-xin Wang; Matt J. Kipper; Lin-jun Huang; Jian-guo Tang (Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2023)

Nitrogen fertilization produces divergent effects on canopy structure between indica and japonica rice reflected in leaf to panicle ratio based on deep learning - Zongfeng Yang; Xiaotian Qi; Yuan Dai; Yu Wang; Feng Xiao; Jinlong Ni; Shichao Jin; Ganghua Li; Yanfeng Ding; Matthew J. Paul; Zhenghui Liu (Field Crops Research, 2023)

Extreme value statistics for estimating the freezing probability of supercooled water - Anthony N. Consiglio; Yu Ouyang; Matthew J. Powell-Palm; Boris Rubinsky (Cryobiology, 2023)

Impact of global value chain and technological innovation on China’s industrial greenhouse gas emissions and trend prediction - Y. Yu; J. Su; Y. Du (International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2023)

Edge time series components of functional connectivity and cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease - Evgeny J. Chumin; Sarah A. Cutts; Shannon L. Risacher; Liana G. Apostolova; Martin R. Farlow; Brenna C. McDonald; Yu-Chien Wu; Richard Betzel; Andrew J. Saykin; Olaf Sporns (Brain Imaging and Behavior, 2023)
Understanding the interrelationships of brain function as measured by resting-state magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological/behavioral measures in Alzheimer’s disease is key for advancement of neuroimaging analysis methods in clinical research. The edge time-series framework recently developed in the field of network neuroscience, in combination with other network science methods, allows for investigations of brain-behavior relationships that are not possible with conventional functional connectivity methods. Data from the Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center sample (53 cognitively normal control, 47 subjective cognitive decline, 32 mild cognitive impairment, and 20 Alzheimer’s disease participants) were used to investigate relationships between functional connectivity components, each derived from a subset of time points based on co-fluctuation of regional signals, and measures of domain-specific neuropsychological functions. Multiple relationships were identified with the component approach that were not found with conventional functional connectivity. These involved attentional, limbic, frontoparietal, and default mode systems and their interactions, which were shown to couple with cognitive, executive, language, and attention neuropsychological domains. Additionally, overlapping results were obtained with two different statistical strategies (network contingency correlation analysis and network-based statistics correlation). Results demonstrate that connectivity components derived from edge time-series based on co-fluctuation reveal disease-relevant relationships not observed with conventional static functional connectivity.

Systematic evidence on migrating and extractable food contact chemicals: Most chemicals detected in food contact materials are not listed for use - Birgit Geueke; Ksenia J. Groh; Maricel V. Maffini; Olwenn V. Martin; Justin M. Boucher; Yu-Ting Chiang; Frank Gwosdz; Phoenix Jieh; Christopher D. Kassotis; Paulina Łańska; John Peterson Myers; Alex Odermatt; et al. (Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2023)

Generating daily 100 m resolution land surface temperature estimates continentally using an unbiased spatiotemporal fusion approach - Yi Yu; Luigi J. Renzullo; Tim R. McVicar; Brendan P. Malone; Siyuan Tian (Remote Sensing of Environment, 2023)

Harmful algal blooms in China: History, recent expansion, current status, and future prospects - Zhiming Yu; Yingzhong Tang; Christopher J. Gobler (Harmful Algae, 2023)

Structure and microbial-modulating evaluation of a sulfhydryl-modified pectin - Lijuan Hou; Chengxiao Yu; Laiming Zhang; Fuming Zhang; Robert J. Linhardt; Shiguo Chen; Xingqian Ye; Zhiqiang Hou (Food Hydrocolloids, 2023)

Selective expression of light-harvesting complexes alters phospholipid composition in the intracytoplasmic membrane and core complex of purple phototrophic bacteria - I. Satoh; K. Gotou; S. Nagatsuma; K.V.P. Nagashima; M. Kobayashi; L.-J. Yu; M.T. Madigan; Y. Kimura; Z.-Y. Wang-Otomo (Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics, 2023)

Incorporating Uremic Solute-mediated Inhibition of OAT1/3 Improves PBPK Prediction of Tenofovir Renal and Systemic Disposition in Patients with Severe Kidney Disease - Shih-Yu Chang; Weize Huang; Alenka Chapron; Antonio J. López Quiñones; Joanne Wang; Nina Isoherranen; Danny D. Shen; Edward J. Kelly; Jonathan Himmelfarb; Catherine K. Yeung (Pharmaceutical Research, 2023)

Oxygen transfer and hydrodynamic evaluation in a multistage flexible fibre biofilm reactor - M. Abdulgader; Q. J. Yu; A. A. Zinatizadeh; P. Williams; Z. Rahimi (International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2023)
In present work, the hydrodynamic studies and determination of oxygen mass transfer coefficients ( K L a ) were conducted in a multistage flexible fibre biofilm reactor developed for treating milk processing wastewater. In this regard, the residence time distributions in the MS-FFBR under various operating conditions as water flow rates, airflow rates, and hydraulic retention times were analysed using tracer experiments. The results revealed that the reactor’s hydraulic regime is similar to a continuous stirred tank reactor. Furthermore, the multistage flexible fibre biofilm reactor exhibited a lower oxygen mass transfer coefficient ( K L a of 11.955 1/h at AFR/WFR of 47) than that reported for continuous stirred tank reactor in the literature at similar WFRs and AFRs ( K L a of 15 1/h at AFR/WFR of 40). From the results, dissolved oxygen transfer was hindered to some extent owing to the presence of the fibre packing.

Environmental drivers and the distribution of cold-water corals in the global ocean - Ruiju Tong; Andrew J. Davies; Chris Yesson; Jinsongdi Yu; Yuan Luo; Ling Zhang; Julian M. Burgos (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2023)
Species distribution models (SDMs) are useful tools for describing and predicting the distribution of marine species in data-limited environments. Outputs from SDMs have been used to identify areas for spatial management, analyzing trawl closures, quantitatively measuring the risk of bottom trawling, and evaluating protected areas for improving conservation and management. Cold-water corals are globally distributed habitat-forming organisms that are vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts and climate change, but data deficiency remains an ongoing issue for the effective spatial management of these important ecosystem engineers. In this study, we constructed 11 environmental seabed variables at 500 m resolution based on the latest multi-depth global datasets and high-resolution bathymetry. An ensemble species distribution modeling method was used to predict the global habitat suitability for 10 widespread cold-water coral species, namely, 6 Scleractinian framework-forming species and 4 large gorgonian species. Temperature, depth, salinity, terrain ruggedness index, carbonate saturation state, and chlorophyll were the most important factors in determining the global distributions of these species. The Scleractinian Madrepora oculata showed the widest niche breadth, while most other species demonstrated somewhat limited niche breadth. The shallowest study species, Oculina varicosa , had the most distinctive niche of the group. The model outputs from this study represent the highest-resolution global predictions for these species to date and are valuable in aiding the management, conservation, and continued research into cold-water coral species.

Identifying driving hydrogeomorphic factors of coastal wetland downgrading using random forest classification models - Keqi He; Wenhong Li; Yu Zhang; Ge Sun; Steve G. McNulty; Neal E. Flanagan; Curtis J. Richardson (Science of The Total Environment, 2023)

The fossil record's oldest known calculus (an enterolith of the gastrointestinal tract), from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Upper Jurassic), UK - Nigel R. Larkin; Thomas Henton; Steve Etches; Adrian J. Wright; Tzu-Yu Chen; Laura L. Driscoll; Richard M. Shelton; Ivan J. Sansom (Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 2023)

Boundary of ecosystem services: Guiding future development and application of the ecosystem service concepts - Haojie Chen; Matthew R. Sloggy; Ahmad Dhiaulhaq; Francisco J. Escobedo; A. Rifaee Rasheed; José J. Sánchez; Weishan Yang; Fang Yu; Ziqi Meng (Journal of Environmental Management, 2023)

Techno-economic analysis of an integrated bio- and hydrometallurgical process for base and precious metal recovery from waste printed circuit boards - Jonovan Van Yken; Naomi J. Boxall; Ka Yu Cheng; Aleksandar N. Nikoloski; Navid Moheimani; Anna H. Kaksonen (Hydrometallurgy, 2023)

Understanding polymer-porous solid interactions based on small gas molecule adsorption behavior - Tian Ren; Ching-Yu Wang; Renjing Huang; Chuting Deng; Yinan Xu; Anirban Majumder; Junsung Ra; Kai Shen; John M. Vohs; Juan J. de Pablo; Raymond J. Gorte; Daeyeon Lee (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2023)

Zirconium and neodymium isotopes record intensive felsic volcanism in South China region during the Permian-Triassic boundary crisis - Yu Jiao; Lian Zhou; Thomas J. Algeo; Lanping Feng; Jun Shen; Yating Hu; Jinhua Liu; Yan Han; Xin Hou (Chemical Geology, 2023)

Stomatal area estimation based on stomatal length and width of four Magnoliaceae species: even “kidney”-shaped stomata are not elliptical - Liuyue Zhang; Karl J. Niklas; Ülo Niinemets; Qiying Li; Kexin Yu; Jiaqinan Li; Lei Chen; Peijian Shi (Trees, 2023)

Phosphite indirectly mediates protection against root rot disease via altering soil fungal community in Rhododendron species - Yu Liu; David J. Burke; Juliana S. Medeiros; Sarah R. Carrino-Kyker; Jean H. Burns (Plant and Soil, 2023)

The interplay between scale, pollination niche and floral attractiveness on density-dependent plant–pollinator interactions - Zhong-Ming Ye; Xiao-Fang Jin; Yong-Deng He; Yu Cao; Yi Zou; Qing-Feng Wang; Anna Traveset; Pedro J. Bergamo; Chun-Feng Yang (Oecologia, 2023)

The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2022 Annual Report - Alexandra M. Amaducci; Sharan L. Campleman; Shao Li; Dana L. Karshenas; Meghan B. Spyres; Lynn A. Farrugia; A. Min Kang; Rachel E. Culbreth; Paul M. Wax; Jeffrey Brent; Kim Aldy; Jennifer Acciani; et al. (Journal of Medical Toxicology, 2023)

Comparing forest and grassland drought responses inferred from eddy covariance and Earth observation - Anne J. Hoek van Dijke; René Orth; Adriaan J. Teuling; Martin Herold; Martin Schlerf; Mirco Migliavacca; Miriam Machwitz; Theresa C. van Hateren; Xin Yu; Kaniska Mallick (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2023)

Genotoxicity assessment of eight nitrosamines using 2D and 3D HepaRG cell models - Ji-Eun Seo; Joshua Z. Yu; Hannah Xu; Xilin Li; Aisar H. Atrakchi; Timothy J. McGovern; Karen L. Davis Bruno; Nan Mei; Robert H. Heflich; Xiaoqing Guo (Archives of Toxicology, 2023)

Resolving the influence of lignin on soil organic matter decomposition with mechanistic models and continental‐scale data - Bo Yi; Chaoqun Lu; Wenjuan Huang; Wenjuan Yu; Jihoon Yang; Adina Howe; Samantha R. Weintraub‐Leff; Steven J. Hall (Global Change Biology, 2023)
Confidence in model estimates of soil CO 2 flux depends on assumptions regarding fundamental mechanisms that control the decomposition of litter and soil organic carbon (SOC). Multiple hypotheses have been proposed to explain the role of lignin, an abundant and complex biopolymer that may limit decomposition. We tested competing mechanisms using data‐model fusion with modified versions of the CN‐SIM model and a 571‐day laboratory incubation dataset where decomposition of litter, lignin, and SOC was measured across 80 soil samples from the National Ecological Observatory Network. We found that lignin decomposition consistently decreased over time in 65 samples, whereas in the other 15 samples, lignin decomposition subsequently increased. These “lagged‐peak” samples can be predicted by low soil pH, high extractable Mn, and fungal community composition as measured by ITS PC2 (the second principal component of an ordination of fungal ITS amplicon sequences). The highest‐performing model incorporated soil biogeochemical factors and daily dynamics of substrate availability (labile bulk litter:lignin) that jointly represented two hypotheses (C substrate limitation and co‐metabolism) previously thought to influence lignin decomposition. In contrast, models representing either hypothesis alone were biased and underestimated cumulative decomposition. Our findings reconcile competing hypotheses of lignin decomposition and suggest the need to precisely represent the role of lignin and consider soil metal and fungal characteristics to accurately estimate decomposition in Earth‐system models.

Hydrodynamics and sliding posture analysis of the Cambrian arthropod Ercaicunia multinodosa - Yu-Han Li; Zu-Peng Zhou; Da-You Zhai; Robert J. O'Flynn; Jun Tang; Jin-Wei Xu; Xu-Guang Zhou; Yu Liu (Palaeoworld, 2023)

Warm-Glow Investing and the Greenwashing Hypothesis - Mirel Tatomir; Johannes Kabderian Dreyer; Kristian J. Sund; Jiang Yu (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2023)