Developing a novel computational model to quantify predictors of sustainable food choice - Katie L. Edwards; Lei Zhang; Annika N. Flynn; Kübra Fethiye Karataş; René Lion; Elizabeth H. Zandstra; Jeffrey M. Brunstrom; Suzanne Higgs (Food Quality and Preference, 2026)

Genetic ancestry proportion influences risk of adverse events from tuberculosis treatment in Brazil - Jacqueline A. Piekos; Gustavo Amorim; Felipe Ridolfi; Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos; Afrânio L. Kritski; Marina C. Figueiredo; Bruno B. Andrade; Adalberto R. Santos; David W. Haas; Timothy R. Sterling; Valeria C. Rolla; Digna R. Velez Edwards; et al. (Human Genetics, 2026)
Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is highly effective, but response to therapy varies by geography and population subgroups. We assessed differences in TB treatment response in a representative and heterogeneous Brazilian population. We estimated genetic ancestry according to major genetic ancestry groups (African, European, and Amerindian) in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort using ADMIXTURE software. RePORT-Brazil is an observational prospective cohort study of individuals with newly-diagnosed, culture-confirmed, pulmonary TB. Outcomes attributed to TB treatment included Grade 2 or higher adverse drug reaction (ADR), Grade 3 or higher ADR, hepatic ADR, and failure/recurrence. Genetic ancestry proportions were evaluated as predictors in univariate and multivariable logistic regression models for each outcome, and in stratified models for each genetic ancestry group. There were 930 pulmonary TB patients included in this study. In multivariable models we observed a decreased risk of Grade 2 + ADR when African ancestry proportion increased by 10% (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.41, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.20–0.85) and an increased risk for Grade 2 + ADR with increasing European genetic ancestry (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.14–4.76). In secondary analyses evaluating the interaction of HIV and genetic ancestry, we observed a statistically significant interaction between HIV and African genetic ancestry, but significantly decreased risk for Grade 2 + ADR with increasing African ancestry proportion. There were no associations with Amerindian genetic ancestry or for other treatment outcomes. In this Brazilian TB cohort, increased toxicity risk was associated with decreased African and increased European ancestry proportion.

A novel approach to shaping effective school food policies to improve children’s healthy eating - Katie L. Edwards; Sarah Newton; Jacqueline Blissett; Suzanne Higgs (Appetite, 2026)

Testing the limits of lacustrine faecal lipid biomarkers as tools to document human and herbivore presence in Alaskan and Eastern Beringian landscapes - Helen Mackay; Helen L. Whelton; Joshua D. Reuther; Ben A. Potter; Mary E. Edwards; Andrew C.G. Henderson; Ian D. Bull; Elinor A. Baldwin; Charlotte Clarke; Roseanna Mayfield; Kimberley L. Davies; Maarten van Hardenbroek; et al. (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2026)

Exact phylodynamic likelihood via structured Markov genealogy processes - Aaron A. King; Qianying Lin; Edward L. Ionides (Theoretical Population Biology, 2026)

Beyond the dung heap: the reliability of spores of the ascomycete fungal genus Sporormiella (incl. Preussia) as a proxy indicator of dung and grazing animals - David L. Hawksworth; Patricia E.J. Wiltshire; K. Anupama; M.B. Govinda Rajulu; N. Thirunavukkarasu; S. Prasad; Kevin J. Edwards; T.S. Suryanarayanan (Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2026)

Adaptive Variation Amid High Gene Flow Across a Broad Latitudinal Gradient in the Reef‐Building Honeycomb Worm, Sabellaria alveolata - Edward J. Wilson; Antony M. Knights; Louise B. Firth; Charlotte Corporeau; Amelia Curd; Stanislas F. Dubois; Fernando P. Lima; Rui Seabra; Flavia L. D. Nunes (Molecular Ecology, 2026)
Climate change is already altering, and will continue to reshape, the persistence and spatial structure of marine populations. Understanding metapopulation connectivity and local adaptation is therefore critical for identifying both vulnerable populations and those with adaptive resilience. We applied a seascape genomics approach to investigate connectivity patterns and adaptive responses in the honeycomb worm, Sabellaria alveolata —an intertidal ecosystem engineer that supports high biodiversity and provides essential ecological functions. A total of 286 individuals from 17 sites spanning the entire latitudinal range were genotyped to assess population structure and local adaptation. Outlier analyses (BayeScan and OutFlank) identified six adaptive and 2117 neutral SNPs. Neutral SNP analysis revealed low to moderate genetic differentiation, indicating well‐connected populations. Admixture with possible ancestral gene pools in Southern Edge and Biscay populations suggests the persistence of unique genetic diversity. While connectivity is likely driven by natural larval dispersal, human‐mediated transport resulting from support vessels, aquaculture, marine debris and expanding offshore and coastal infrastructure may also facilitate gene flow, shaping observed genetic patterns. Despite this high connectivity, we detected genetic signatures of adaptation to temperature, salinity and net primary productivity, with adaptive SNPs linked to genes involved in molecular and physiological responses to these environmental factors. Our findings suggest that S. alveolata is likely resilient to climate change and other anthropogenic pressures, making it a valuable model for investigating the genetic and physiological underpinnings of marine population resilience.

Triploid sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) display marked inhibition of female reproductive development and female skewed sex ratios through sex reversal of genotypic males - Jamie L. Mankiewicz; Edward S. Hayman; William T. Fairgrieve; J. Adam Luckenbach (Aquaculture, 2026)

Associations Between Complementary Feeding Approach, Dietary Intake, and Growth: A Secondary Analysis of the Maternal and Infant Nutrition Trial - Kinzie L. Matzeller; Mikayla L. Hernandez; Gabrielle N.E. Glime; Claudia A. Schaefer; Edward L. Melanson; Daniel N. Frank; Audrey E. Hendricks; Nancy F. Krebs; Minghua Tang (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2026)

Restoration of a Mid-Atlantic Coastal Bay Scallop Population (Argopecten irradians) - Richard A. Snyder; Rebecca T. Smith; Darian M. Kelley; Sean Fate; Robert J. Orth; Bowdoin Lusk; Christopher J. Patrick; Stacy A. Krueger-Hadfield; Jan McDowell; Fredrick C. Holbert; John C. Lewis; John P. Richardson; et al. (Estuaries and Coasts, 2026)
We have attempted to re-establish bay scallops to the Virginia, U.S.A. coastal bays and document the dynamics of the restoration effort. Bay scallops ( Argopecten irradians ) once flourished in the eelgrass ( Zostera marina ) of the Virginia coastal bays. Eelgrass wasting disease led to declines, and both eelgrass and scallops were completely lost after a 1933 hurricane. The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) led a successful eelgrass restoration effort beginning in 1997, with eelgrass beds expanding at 204 ha per year since 2012 and covering over 4,800 ha in 2025. From 2009 to 2025, bay scallops were brought in from North Carolina, New York, and Florida to the VIMS Eastern Shore Laboratory (VIMS ESL) in Wachapreague, VA and used to raise bay scallops for restoration. Progeny were released to the eelgrass beds and held in spawning cages. Annual census data documented low and fluctuating scallop densities from 2012 to 2018. From 2019 to 2025, we have observed continued exponential growth with a current (2024–2025) specific growth rate of µ = 0.468 year − 1 and a population doubling time of 1.48 years. The carrying capacity of the system for the new Virginia bay scallop population remains unknown with the population still in the exponential growth phase. In 2025 the annual census documented an average density of 0.114 scallops m − 2 and maximum recorded local density within 50 m − 2 sampling stations of 0.52 scallops m − 2 . Aggregation within the population was anticipated as necessary for reproductive success and was observed in population data with increasing density.

Heme iron intake and the risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective analysis of the modifying role of calcium - Waverly Shi; Peilu Wang; Edward L. Giovannucci (Cancer Causes & Control, 2026)

Processes affecting pollution fluxes during the coastal erosion of legacy colliery wastes - Ian T. Burke; Sebastian J. Pitman; James Hodson; Lin Niu; Fatmah Mohammed; Jenni Ilari Skakunova; Alex L. Riley; Catherine J. Gandy; Elliot Whitehead; Karen A. Hudson-Edwards; Elin Jennings; Helen Jay; et al. (Applied Geochemistry, 2026)

Life Course Dietary Insulinemic and Inflammatory Potential and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in U.S. Women: A Prospective Cohort Study - Yin Zhang; Mingyang Song; Molin Wang; Emily Riseberg; Dong D. Wang; Deirdre K. Tobias; Fred K. Tabung; A. Heather Eliassen; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner; Qi Sun; Eric B. Rimm; Meir J. Stampfer; et al. (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2026)

“Persistent ecological impacts related to West Nile virus revealed using community science and vector surveillance data” - Brock Geary; Adam C. Smith; Lisa Williams; Sean P. Murphy; Brandon P.M. Edwards; Nicole L. Michel; Timothy D. Meehan; Roderick B. Gagne (Biological Conservation, 2026)

Effects of feeding on dogs’ frustration-related behaviours during a laboratory-based scent detection task - Jade Fountain; Journie Yee; Susan J. Hazel; Todd J. McWhorter; Tyler McNutt; Timothy L. Edwards (Behavioural Processes, 2026)

Ensuring adaptability and applicability of long-term contaminant monitoring initiatives: A discussion of NOAA’s National Mussel Watch Program current practices and future approaches - N. A. Castillo; L. M. Swam-Jaramillo; M. M. Rider; A. Morozova; K. L. Kimbrough; E. D. Davenport; M. A. Edwards; F. Arzayus; D. A. Apeti (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2026)

A recipe for success: exploratory studies of the predictors of cultivated meat provision by parents of children 6-10 and 11-15 years of age - Jason M. Thomas; Emma Alving-Jessep; Claire V. Farrow; Eirini Theodosiou; Nicola-Jayne Tuck; Katie L. Edwards; Jean-Baptiste Souppez; Jacqueline M. Blissett (Appetite, 2026)

Examining social and family contextual differences between parental feeding practice profiles in UK parents of pre-school children - Hannah Povall; Jacqueline Blissett; Abigail Pickard; Katie L. Edwards; Catherine G. Russell; Kathleen Lacy; Claire Farrow (Appetite, 2026)

Climate sensitivity and glacial inception in the European Alps across marine isotope stage 11 and 10 - Alexandre Honiat; Jonathan L. Baker; Gina E. Moseley; Martin Trüssel; R. Lawrence Edwards; Christoph Spötl (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2026)

The emerging and escalating consequences of rural depopulation in the Himalaya - Karuna Budhathoki; Bhola Bhattarai; Bed Mani Dahal; Shalini Dhyani; Ambika P. Gautam; Binita Guragain; Dibya Devi Gurung; Muhammad Ismail; Om Katel; Sarala Khaling; Kristina Marquardt; Ulrike Müller-Böker; et al. (Global Environmental Change, 2026)

Reconstructing prehistoric land cover and landuse in complex ‘blue-green’ landscapes - Kimberley L. Davies; M. Jane Bunting; Willem Koster; Nicki J. Whitehouse; Michelle Farrell; Henry Chapman; Jason R. Kirby; J. Edward Schofield; Phil Barratt; Benjamin Gearey; Nika Shilobod (Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2026)

The effect of acute aerobic exercise intensity on indices of blood flow to metastatic liver tumours using non-invasive imaging: a preliminary study - Catherine Seet-Lee; Jasmine Yee; Jillian L. Clarke; Thomas Chalmers Braithwaite; Kate M. Edwards (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2026)

Correction: Structure–Function Parameters Over Different Surface Footprints in Coastal Zones - Andrey A. Grachev; Harindra J. S. Fernando; Stef L. Bardoel; Robb M. Randall; Christopher M. Hocut; Edward D. Creegan; Laura S. Leo (Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 2026)

Mixed Support for Pleistocene Sea‐Level Fluctuations in Promoting the Diversification of Anole Lizards in the Northern Lesser Antilles - Ayanna J. Browne; Edward A. Myers; S. Blair Hedges; Kevin de Queiroz; Robert Powell; Lauren A. Esposito; Rayna C. Bell; Michael L. Yuan (Molecular Ecology, 2026)
In the Pleistocene, climatic changes resulted in cycles of sea‐level fluctuation that periodically fragmented islands into aggregate island complexes. These temporary saltwater barriers between islands within an island bank had the potential to decrease migration between populations on separate islands, resulting in increased genetic divergence and potentially speciation. In the Lesser Antilles, Anolis lizards (anoles) are distributed across island banks that vary in distance and water depth between islands, making them excellent candidates for studying how different barriers shape patterns of genetic diversity. Here, we focused on anoles found across the St. Kitts Bank ( A. bimaculatus , A . schwartzi ), Anguilla Bank ( A. gingivinus ), and Barbuda Bank ( A. leachii , A. wattsi ) to test the hypothesis that populations separated by narrower and shallower marine barriers are more genetically similar to one another than populations on more distant islands or those separated by deeper water. Using a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear genomic DNA, we found a spectrum of population genetic structure ranging from weak but detectable structure ( A. gingivinus , Anguilla Bank and A. leachii , Barbuda Bank) to pronounced ( A. bimaculatus and A. schwartzi , St. Kitts Bank) and even species divergence ( A. wattsi complex, Barbuda Bank). The extent of genetic divergence, however, did not consistently correspond to island bathymetry. Our demographic analyses for each currently recognized species supported a model of divergence with gene flow, consistent with a history of intermittent migration between present‐day islands. Collectively, these results support a partial role for sea‐level fluctuations in the Pleistocene structuring current patterns of genetic diversity in Lesser Antillean anoles.

The Effects of Land‐Use Dynamics on Avian Phylogenetic Diversity Across Island Ecosystems - Halvina G. Saiya; David P. Edwards; Matthew J. Struebig; David J. I. Seaman; Robby Butarbutar; Nurul L. Winarni; Simon L. Mitchell; Jatna Supriatna; Rob W. Martin; Adi Karya; Robert P. Freckleton (Journal of Biogeography, 2026)
Aim To test whether forest extent and recent forest‐cover change are associated with avian phylogenetic diversity and community‐level evolutionary value across islands. Location Seven islands spanning Borneo and Wallacea in the Malay Archipelago. Taxon Terrestrial birds. Methods We sampled 1410 sites (2010–2022). We calculated phylogenetic diversity (PD), mean phylogenetic distance (MPD), mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD) and their standardised effect sizes (SES), as well as community‐level EDGE (Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered). Responses to (i) average forest proportion (250‐m radius) and (ii) recent forest‐cover change were analysed with spatial linear mixed‐effects. Results Observed PD showed a negative visual trend with increasing forest proportion, whereas SES PD declined. MPD showed only a weak positive visual trend with forest proportion, whereas SES MPD showed no clear response. Although observed MNTD appeared to increase in the binned visual summaries, both observed MNTD and SES MNTD showed significant negative associations with forest cover in the spatial models, indicating stronger nearest‐neighbour phylogenetic clustering in more forested sites. Effects of recent forest loss (2010–2022) on SES metrics were generally weak and inconsistent. Although PD also declined with decreasing rates of forest change, community‐level EDGE was higher where forest cover was greater, indicating higher average evolutionary distinctiveness and extinction risk. Main Conclusions In this archipelagic system, forest amount is a key correlate of phylogenetic structure and the retention of evolutionarily distinctive, high‐risk lineages. By contrast, recent forest‐cover change showed weaker and more context‐dependent associations. Conserving intact forests remains crucial for safeguarding the evolutionary legacy of island bird communities.

Promoting Research Excellence in Down Syndrome: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference of the Trisomy 21 Research Society - Fabio Di Domenico; Marzia Perluigi; Antonella Tramutola; Maria Giulia Bacalini; Daniella Balduino Victorino; Isabel Barroeta; Renata Bartesaghi; Angelo Carfi; Maria Carmona-Iragui; Ann D. Cohen; Alberto C. S. Costa; Floriana Costanzo; et al. (NeuroMolecular Medicine, 2026)
Down syndrome (DS), or trisomy 21 (T21), represents the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability worldwide and is associated with a wide range of medical, developmental, and neurodegenerative conditions, including a universal predisposition to early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Since its establishment in 2014, the Trisomy 21 Research Society (T21RS) has provided a global forum for advancing DS research across disciplines and promoting translational efforts to improve health and quality of life. Every two years, T21RS hosts an international scientific meeting that brings together researchers, clinicians, self-advocates, families, and industry stakeholders. In 2024, the 5th T21RS International Conference was held in Rome, Italy, from June 5 to 8, under the theme “Promoting Research Excellence in Down Syndrome.” The meeting brought together about 500 scientists from 26 countries across five continents, and more than 900 attendees overall, including families and caregivers. The scientific program featured 5 keynote lectures, 2 satellite meetings, 17 symposia, 7 nano symposia, 2 workshops, and 1 industry-focused session, totaling more than 150 oral presentations. More than 230 abstracts were presented as posters. The conference covered research across the lifespan of individuals with DS, spanning genomic and epigenetic regulation, molecular and cellular mechanisms, preclinical and experimental models, cognition and behavior, neurodevelopment, aging and neurodegeneration, co-occurring medical conditions, and therapeutic interventions. Dedicated sessions focused on capacity-building in DS research and societal engagement were established. Significantly, T21RS promoted inclusivity by supporting 60 young investigator fellowships, providing childcare awards, and organizing a two-day program for families and caregivers in collaboration with Italian DS associations. This proceeding summarizes the main scientific highlights of the 5th T21RS International Conference, reflecting the latest advances in DS biology, clinical research, biomarker development, and therapeutic innovation.

From the deep sea to the shore: Source fingerprinting and weathering of spilled oil following the 2023 MT Princess Empress oil spill (Oriental Mindoro, Philippines) - Jay Rumen U. Maglupay; Edward S. Yeo; Gerald L. Cordero; Rachel Zioness O. Diputado; Kim Christopher C. Aganda; Rodolfo A. Romarate; Julien Guyomarch; Chin-Chang Hung; Hernando P. Bacosa (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2026)

Mental Distress and Resource Insecurity in the Kingdom of Tonga After the 2022 Volcanic Eruption: Associations of Water and Food Insecurity With Mental Distress - Hilary J. Bethancourt; Indira Bose; Lupe Moala Tupou; Melissa Meinhart; Edward A. Frongillo; Amelia Greaves; Sera L. Young (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2026)

The Sedimentary Geochemistry and Paleoenvironments Project Phase 2 data release: An open data resource for the study of Earth's environmental history - Úna C. Farrell; Hunter C. Olson; Maya O. Thompson; Michelle L. Abshire; Oyeleye O. Adeboye; Anne-Sofie C. Ahm; Lewis J. Alcott; Thomas J. Algeo; Ross P. Anderson; Arif H. Ansari; Lucas Pinto Heckert Bastos; Kohen W. Bauer; et al. (Chemical Geology, 2026)

Adaptive area-wide management for suppressing spruce budworm outbreaks: effectiveness of the early intervention strategy - Rob C. Johns; S. Edwards; L. Amos-Binks; J. J. Bowden; D. Carleton; C. Edge; C. Hennigar; P. James; D. MacLean; V. Martel; E. R. D. Moise; B. Morin; et al. (Journal of Pest Science, 2026)
In eastern North America, two main insecticide-based strategies are used to manage spruce budworm ( Choristoneura fumiferana ) outbreaks. The traditional ‘Foliage Protection Strategy’ (FPS) focuses on temporarily reducing defoliation and tree mortality in high-value stands, allowing outbreaks to progress naturally in surrounding areas. The ‘Early Intervention Strategy’ (EIS) is an adaptive, area-wide management approach that targets low-density “hotspots” to prevent outbreak growth and spread. We report findings from a 10-year case study (2015–2024) in Atlantic Canada assessing EIS effectiveness. EIS treatments consistently reduced population growth rates, resulting in a 12–67% reduction in hotspot areas compared to untreated areas. Crucially, this suppression curbed the rise and spread of the outbreak across northern New Brunswick, with negligible defoliation observed throughout the study period. By comparison, in a neighboring Quebec study area contemporaneously managed with FPS, the outbreak advanced normally, causing moderate to severe defoliation over ~ 1.7 million hectares by 2024. Moreover, EIS required ~ 80% less insecticide, with 66% of treated areas receiving treatment in only a single year, compared with just 15% under FPS. Our findings provide robust evidence for the effectiveness of EIS when implemented under suitable conditions, highlighting its potential as a proactive outbreak management approach.

The Circular Economy has High Potential to Mitigate the Global Biodiversity Crisis - Jianan Xie; Yingtong Zhu; Chloe Yun Yi Tan; Cengiz Akandil; Joanna. L. Coleman; David P. Edwards; Wanggi Jaung; Kelvin S.-H. Peh; Linjun Xie; Shweta Yadav; L. Roman Carrasco (Circular Economy and Sustainability, 2026)

Strategic deep tillage of deep sand soils impacts the sorption and biological availability of trifluralin - Tom J. Edwards; Stephen L. Davies; Ron J. Yates; Michael T. Rose; Benedict Arthur; John G. Howieson; Graham O’Hara; Emma J. Steel; David JM Hall (Soil and Tillage Research, 2026)

Nitrogen partitioning between plant species and soil microbes in alpine heath - Ellen L. Fry; Jonathan R. De Long; Edward Ayres; René van der Wal; Richard D. Bardgett (Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2026)

Development of inflation ridges over Lava tubes - Edward A. Williams; Laurent G.J. Montési; Patrick L. Whelley; Ernest R. Bell (Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2026)

Reflectance spectroscopy (200-4200 nm) of the red-sloped C2 carbonaceous chondrites MET 00432, Tagish Lake, Tarda, and WIS 91600 (“CT” grouplet) - Edward A. Cloutis; Devin L. Schrader; Daniel M. Applin; Tomoki Nakamura; Timothy D. Glotch; Takahiro Hiroi; Moe Matsuoka; Michael E. Zolensky; Joshua P. Emery; Kristi M. Peters (Icarus, 2026)

Exposure to dynamic social norm messages increases plant-based food choice: An online and field-based experiment - Katie L. Edwards; Philipp Laqué; Ryan Matthew Thurman; Suzanne Higgs (Food Quality and Preference, 2026)

The Meanings and Dividends of Man the Hunter - Vivek V. Venkataraman; Edward H. Hagen; Duncan Stibbard-Hawkes; Raymond Hames; Sheina Lew-Levy; Haneul Jang; Luke Glowacki; Jordie Hoffman; Karen Kramer; Helen Elizabeth Davis; Kathrine Starkweather; Barry Hewlett; et al. (Evolution and Human Behavior, 2026)

Structure–Function Parameters Over Different Surface Footprints in Coastal Zones - Andrey A. Grachev; Harindra J. S. Fernando; Stef L. Bardoel; Robb M. Randall; Christopher M. Hocut; Edward D. Creegan; Laura S. Leo (Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 2026)
High frequency turbulent data from sonic anemometers and other ancillary information collected at multiple levels on several meteorological flux towers located at two coastal sites are used to study velocity and scalar (temperature and humidity) structure–function parameters over heterogeneous surfaces in an area of complex coastal terrains. Understanding of such parameters has important applications for studies on wave propagation in a turbulent atmosphere. One observational site was located on the Outer Banks near the town of Duck, North Carolina, with data from the CASPER-East Program (October–November 2015). The second site was located near the town of Ferryland, Newfoundland, Canada, with data from the C-FOG (Coastal-Fog) field campaign (September–October 2018). These measurements allowed studies of structure parameters and other statistics for different footprints, including relatively smooth sea surface conditions and aerodynamically rough dry inland areas for both stable and unstable stratifications. The coastal land cover discontinuity for onshore and offshore winds leads to a thin internal boundary layer (IBL) that could often be resolved by the instrumented towers. The drag coefficient, Bowen ratio, and diurnal variation of sensible heat flux were found to be coastal IBL markers. Our study shows that lower values of the dimensional structure parameters are associated with higher altitudes, smooth surfaces (i.e., over water, outside onshore IBL) and stable stratification (e.g., nocturnal boundary layer), ceteris paribus. In particular, observations showed that the structure parameters over land footprint areas (inside the onshore IBL) can be an order of magnitude larger than over the sea surface due to the change of aerodynamic and thermal properties of the surface. This study also discusses the applicability of Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) for the velocity and scalar structure parameters in the coastal environment for both stable and unstable conditions. While surface inhomogeneities and the complexity of the coastal landforms nominally violate assumptions underlying MOST, our observations show that the nondimensional structure parameters obey MOST reasonably well for all measurement levels, stability condition, and wind direction. In addition, we suggest a new variance-based hybrid scaling for the structure parameters that overcomes some of the shortcomings of the traditional approach (e.g., self-correlation and ambiguity of the dimensionless temperature structure parameter for near-neutral conditions).

The Phylogenetic Position of the Extinct Hawaiian Honeyeaters: Overcoming the Limitations of Historical DNA - Min Zhao; Rebecca T. Kimball; Edward L. Braun (Zoologica Scripta, 2026)
Mohoidae, the Hawaiian honeyeaters, are a group of extinct birds that once inhabited the Hawaiian Islands. Their genetic data are only available from historical museum specimens, so it is based on highly fragmented and damaged DNA. Sequences assembled from historical specimens can have large amounts of missing data and they often result in exceptionally long terminal branches in phylogenies. These long branches can distort estimates of phylogeny, an artifact known as long branch attraction. However, the best way to analyse this data is unclear because these long branches are typically artifactual, reflecting DNA quality. We investigated the position of Mohoidae within the superfamily Bombycilloidea using published alignments of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and re‐assembled UCEs from raw sequencing reads. The uncertainty involves two monotypic families (Hypocoliidae and Hylocitreidae). Re‐aligning UCEs using a smaller taxon set closely related to Mohoidae, along with edge trimming and re‐assembly, eliminated the long branches of Mohoidae and Hypocoliidae (also represented by a historical sample). The sister relationship of these two families in previous studies appears to be artifactual; our new analyses yielded congruent topologies that placed Mohoidae as sister to a clade comprising Hypocoliidae and Hylocitreidae. We also found that different assemblers (SPAdes vs. Trinity) yielded sequences with conflicts towards the ends of the UCEs, especially for the historical samples, although this did not alter the topology. Finally, combining the UCEs with traditional Sanger sequencing data allowed us to produce a strongly supported complete phylogeny of Bombycilloidea that included all extant species as well as the extinct Mohoidae.

Lake sturgeon ( Acipenser fulvescens ) growth and longevity estimated from adult capture–mark–recapture data - Edward A. Baker; Scott F. Colborne; Nancy A. Auer; Kim T. Scribner; Douglas L. Larson; Andrew S. Briggs; Ronald M. Bruch; Margaret H. Stadig; Michael C. Donofrio (Journal of Fish Biology, 2026)
Effective fishery management policy depends on accurate life‐history data, particularly for harvested species. Longevity is a core life‐history trait that is directly related to annual survival and lifetime reproductive potential, but fish longevity is generally not well documented, particularly for long‐lived species. We used capture–mark–recapture data spanning 44 years as an alternative method to estimate sex‐specific adult lake sturgeon ( Acipenser fulvescens ) average annual growth and longevity for five populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes. We determined individual fish average annual growth and fit population and sex‐specific exponential lines for average annual growth as a function of fish length at initial capture. We used the exponential equations to estimate age for 180 cm fork length (FL) female and 160 cm FL male lake sturgeon from each population by sequential subtraction of annual growth increments and assuming age at onset of sexual maturity of 24 and 15 years for females and males, respectively. Average annual growth estimates varied between sexes and among populations and ranged from 0.26 to 1.15 cm year −1 . Estimated ages also varied among populations. Age estimated for a 160 cm FL male lake sturgeon across the five populations ranged from 90 to 279 years. Age for a 180 cm FL female across populations ranged from 99 to 427 years. Our data suggest lake sturgeons live much longer than currently believed. High longevity and inferentially higher adult survival have important implications for sturgeons in general and support conservative harvest regulations for lake sturgeon fisheries.

Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegeneration - Nikhil N. Chaudhari; Owen M. Vega; Phoebe Imms; Jaron M. Kawamura; Nahian F. Chowdhury; Tamara Jafar; Andrei Irimia; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; et al. (GeroScience, 2026)
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can find aging-related structural alterations above and beyond cortical thickness and atrophy. Using a novel approach to DNN interpretability, we mapped brain aging progression in 25,539 cognitively normal UK Biobank adults aged 45–83 years. Cortical aging is found to involve anatomic features becoming prominent during the 50s within frontolateral, mesolimbic, cuneal, and occipitotemporal regions. From these foci, aging-related features propagate to adjacent areas at rates peaking in the 60s. Cortical thinning and atrophy do not trend closely with neurodegeneration, but important DNN-identifiable anatomic features have spatiotemporal dynamics that match those of amyloid or tau. Our results challenge the assumption that MRI cannot map anatomic features trending with neurodegeneration. Interpretable DNNs can empower MRI to quantify anatomic aging as a process of spatial feature expansion from focal regions into nearby structures in the sequence of neurodegenerative pathology. Traditional morphometrics explain only ∼1% of variance in DNN-identifiable features, which clarifies why the former are insensitive to anatomic changes involving neurodegeneration. Our results conceptualize brain aging in the context of spatial and temporal parallels between anatomic senescence and neuropathology. These findings may help to map cognitively normal adults’ neurodegenerative anatomy even without PET measurements. Graphical Abstract

Indonesia: The Most Overlooked Country in the Global Seafood System - Joi Alfreddi Surbakti; Frank Asche; James L. Anderson; Edward Camp; Kai Lorenzen (Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture, 2026)

Age of the Acraman impact ejecta layer in the adelaide superbasin and Implications on clay-mineral provenance from the Rb–Sr systematics of middle Ediacaran shales - Alan S. Collins; Morgan L. Blades; Darwinaji Subarkah; Holly Cooke; Lesley Edwards; Chelsea Forbister; Jake Jolly; Jarred C. Lloyd; Sarah E. Gilbert; Stefan Löhr; Juraj Farkaš; Victor Gostin (Precambrian Research, 2026)

Particulate nitrate over the Northwest Atlantic: Insights gained by comparing airborne AMS and PILS measurements - Soodabeh Namdari; Taiwo Ajayi; Yonghoon Choi; Ewan C. Crosbie; Joshua P. DiGangi; Glenn S. Diskin; Eva-Lou Edwards; Johnathan W. Hair; Christopher A. Hostetler; Simon Kirschler; John B. Nowak; Michael Shook; et al. (Atmospheric Environment, 2026)

Informing spatial conservation prioritization with species’ traits - Liam A. Trethowan; Laura Jennings; Haerul Arifin; Renata Borosova; Gemma L. C. Bramley; Marie Briggs; Osanna Chu; Ruth P. Clark; Sally Dawson; Kiran L. Dhanjal‐Adams; Yance de Freitas; James Hartup; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2026)
New Guinea, the most botanically diverse island on the planet, is the location for one of the boldest conservation initiatives. The Manokwari Declaration aims to achieve 70% conservation designation for the Bird's Head Peninsula. This is 40% higher than the 2022 Global Biodiversity Framework target. However, there is a lack of species occurrence data to support evidence of where biodiversity can be best protected. To address this, we integrated plant trait data from taxonomic descriptions in species occurrence models that can inform conservation planning. Inclusion of traits improved the performance of co‐occurrence models of ∼800 plant species across the 100,000‐km 2 landscape. Traits generally improved model performance, but not all traits contributed equally (e.g., leaf size and red flower color most improved accuracy of occurrence prediction). Likewise, trait‐parameterized models tended to be most useful with rare species occurrence prediction, but this was inconsistent among traits. Under 70% protection, three‐quarters of the areas selected conserved trait diversity. Critically, trait diversity also increased the chances that areas at high risk of deforestation were selected as conservation priorities. Overall, we found that plant species’ traits, often key parameters of ecosystem function and resilience, improved spatial conservation planning.

The collective application of shorebird tracking data to conservation - Autumn‐Lynn Harrison; Candace Stenzel; Alexandra Anderson; Jessica Howell; Richard B. Lanctot; Marley Aikens; Joaquín Aldabe; Liam A. Berigan; Joël Bêty; Erik Blomberg; Juliana Bosi de Almeida; Andy J. Boyce; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2026)
Addressing urgent conservation issues, such as the drastic declines of North American migratory birds, requires creative, evidence‐based, efficient, and collaborative approaches. The abundance of over 50% of monitored North American shorebird populations has declined by over 50% since 1980. To address these declines, we developed a partnership of scientists and practitioners called the Shorebird Science and Conservation Collective (hereafter the collective ). The collective was founded to translate the combined findings of shorebird tracking data into on‐the‐ground conservation action. With advice from an advisory group, the collective acts as an intermediary whereby dedicated staff collate and analyze data contributions from scientists to support knowledge requests from conservation practitioners. In its first three years, data contributions from 75 organizations include over 7.1 million shorebird observations forming movement paths of 3420 individuals representing 36 species tracked across the Americas and have informed 18 conservation projects spanning education, land and species management, land conservation, and policy requests. Others engaged in translational science from big data could consider similar knowledge‐sharing models that prioritize usable data products, foster collaborative engagement between science experts and practitioners, build focused communities around topics or taxonomic groups, and employ a proof‐of‐concept phase to develop scalable solutions while making progress toward long‐term funding to sustain impact. As the volume of scientific data continues to grow, intermediaries, such as the collective, can be vital liaisons to rapidly integrate and interpret research to support conservation action. Dedicated to the memory of Shiloh Schulte and his conservation achievements for shorebirds.

Corrigendum to “The impact of experimental variables in twitch tension recording on triphasic action of phospholipase A2 neurotoxins at the neuromuscular junction and acetylcholine release” [Toxicon 266 (2025) 108512] - Behrooz Fathi Hafshejani; Alan L. Harvey; Edward G. Rowan; Azam Mohammadi (Toxicon, 2026)

First record of Cassiopea xamachana ephyrae from the wild in India, with insights into its life history and development - L. Ranjith; Raju Saravanan; K.S. Sobhana; I. Jagadis; S. Ramkumar; C. Kalidas; D. Linga Prabu; M. Kavitha; P. Nevathitha; A. Mathan Babu; D. Sarathapriya; L. Loveson Edward; et al. (Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2026)

Determinants of L-band backscatter in dry tropical ecosystems: Implications for biomass mapping - João M.B. Carreiras; Thomas Higginbottom; John L. Godlee; Sam Harrison; Lorena Benitez; Penelope J. Mograbi; Aurora Levesley; Karina Melgaço; David Milodowski; Georgia Pickavance; Geoff Wells; Edmar Almeida de Oliveira; et al. (Remote Sensing of Environment, 2026)

Using a Combination Amino Acid, Carbohydrate, and Micronutrient Beverage for Preoperative Nutrition Allows Safe Gastric Emptying for Anesthesia Provision in a Prospective, Single-Group Intervention - Jennifer A. Bowden; Sarah Heath; Gregory L. Snow; Anton E. Bowden; John R. Edwards (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2026)

Performance evaluation and methods comparison of transcriptomic-based approaches for the characterization of wastewater treatment effluent - Adam D. Biales; Morgan S. Hu; David C. Bencic; Mary Jean See; Susan T. Glassmeyer; Edward T. Furlong; Julia M. Stelman; Weichun Huang; Dana W. Kolpin; Marc A. Mills; Laura D. Brunelle; Angela L. Batt; et al. (Environmental Pollution, 2026)

Top-down Control by Ribbed Mussels (Geukensia demissa) on Plankton Communities in Southeastern U.S. Salt Marshes - Sydney L. Williams; Donovan Mitchell; Edward J. Phlips; Rachel Guy; Nikki Dix; Christine Angelini (Estuaries and Coasts, 2026)
Benthic grazers and suspension feeders, such as oysters and mussels, may play a disproportionate role in controlling algal biomass and plankton community composition in estuarine systems. Nonetheless, their effects on plankton communities remain poorly understood across environmental contexts, in part from a paucity of in situ measurements. Here, we conducted in situ manipulative field experiments to evaluate the effects of the Atlantic ribbed mussel, Geukensia demissa , on bulk chlorophyll a (µg L − 1 ); absolute cell abundance (individuals mL − 1 ) of plankton groups > 10 μm in diameter (i.e., pennate and centric diatoms, dinoflagellates, and heterotrophic nano- and microzooplankton); and relative cell abundance (%) of plankton trophic levels (i.e., auto-, mixo-, and heterotrophic) across three salt marsh sites in the southeastern U.S. (Georgia and Florida). Mussel grazing reduced both chlorophyll a concentrations and total absolute cell abundances by 120–150% compared to cordgrass only plots and the ambient water column. Mussel effects on plankton groups were consistently strong and negative, ranging from − 1.12 to − 2.51. At two of the three sites, mussels reduced pennate and centric diatoms to a greater extent (> 155%) than dinoflagellates (~ 100%). This selective grazing likely shifted plankton community composition toward a more mixotrophic structure, whereby the relative contribution of autotrophic diatoms declined from roughly 80% and 65% in ambient waters to 70% and 45% in mussel plots, respectively, while the relative abundance of dinoflagellates increased. Given the essential role of the plankton community in mediating the ecological and geochemical functioning of estuaries, our results highlight that, within natural salt marshes, mussels play a significant role each tidal cycle in modifying such functions through their prolific and selective grazing on this community.

An updated Irwin sensor for measurement of surface shear velocity - Nancy P. Ziegler; Nicholas P. Webb; Brandon L. Edwards; George Nikolich; John A. Gillies; Sahil G. Patel; Brandi Wheeler; Pei Zhang; Justin W. Van Zee; Sandra L. LeGrand; Andrew C. Trautz (Aeolian Research, 2026)

Acoustic Indices Reveal Fundamental Differences in Daily Phenology of Tropical and Temperate Forest Soundscapes - Laura M. Berman; Santiago Perea; H. S. Sathya Chandra Sagar; Maia Persche; Grace Ingram; Tatiana Maeda; Natalie Yoh; Jorg Müller; Jens Schlüter; Nicolas Zapata; Ciara Wirth; Gonzalo Rivas‐Torres; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2026)
Aim Forests support the majority of the planet's terrestrial biodiversity, and in recent years the characterisation of soundscapes has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding forest ecosystems, both in terms of ecology and for the purpose of conservation. But it is still poorly understood to what extent generalisations can be made about soundscapes in different parts of the world, and to what extent we should expect soundscapes to differ regionally. Here, we characterise the dominant acoustic features of forest soundscapes on a global scale and establish baseline expectations for how acoustic indices vary among biogeographic realms and biomes. Location Forests in Brunei, Ecuador, Gabon, Germany, Peru, Singapore, Sierra Leone and the USA, a dataset spanning two biomes and five out of six global biogeographic realms where forests occur. Time Period Two to five weeks of continuous audio data from each site collected between 2020 and 2024. Major Taxa Birds, amphibians, insects and mammals. Methods Stratifying data by time and frequency, we calculated four acoustic indices. Principal components analysis was used to compare the similarity of soundscapes across sites. Results Temperate and tropical forest soundscapes clustered separately in principal component analysis. Temperate forests had soundscapes which were uniformly loud during the day across all frequencies and were generally quiet at night. In contrast, all tropical locations had complex soundscapes during both day and night and had banding patterns suggestive of a high diversity of soniferous insects. These banding patterns were created by the unique soniferous community at each site, causing the ‘acoustic fingerprint’ of each site to be most similar to other sites in the same ecoregion and in the same biogeographic realm. The ‘acoustic fingerprints’ of temperate forest differentiated between ecoregions only when dawn was considered separately. Main Conclusions Our results stress the importance of using regional specific baseline data, as soundscapes are not necessarily comparable. Ecoacoustics is growing in popularity as an ecosystem monitoring tool, and understanding how forest soundscapes vary naturally across the globe can provide much needed context for studies that seek to understand factors that may disrupt or alter those soundscapes.

A Conceptual Framework and Methods for Studying the Connectivity of Fishes - Jordanna N. Bergman; Jessica A. Robichaud; Jasper McCutcheon; Michael T. Booth; Brendan Campbell; Grace A. Casselberry; Cienna R. Cooper; Bronwyn M. Gillanders; Lucas P. Griffin; Edward Hale; Luc LaRochelle; Karen J. Murchie; et al. (Fish and Fisheries, 2026)
Connectivity is a multifaceted concept that has important implications for the management and conservation of marine and freshwater fishes. We developed a conceptual framework that encompasses multiple, interrelated categories of connectedness, including landscape (e.g., structural, functional) connectivity and ecological (e.g., trophic, genetic, demographic) connectivity, that together shape the flow of organisms, energy and information across ecosystems. We also synthesised six key methods that can be used to study connectivity of fishes: (1) telemetry, including satellite, acoustic, radio and passive integrated transponders (PIT), (2) mark‐recapture, (3) environmental tracers, including stable isotopes and otolith‐microchemistry, (4) genetics, (5) community structure analysis and (6) emerging technologies and tools (e.g., remote sensing and artificial intelligence). For each method, we describe the categories of connectivity it can assess and provide real‐world examples where they have been effectively used. We also identify limitations of each method. This article highlights the diverse and evolving toolbox of methods used to assess fish connectivity, underscoring the need for continued collaboration, innovation and integration of new approaches to refine our understanding and address remaining challenges in this critical area of aquatic ecology and fisheries management.

Sex and APOE genotype specific brain regional vulnerability to Alzheimer's Disease - Qi Zeng; Minghui Wang; Erming Wang; Xianxiao Zhou; Peng Xu; Vahram Haroutunian; Dongming Cai; Bin Zhang; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; et al. (GeroScience, 2026)
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), and regional vulnerability was assessed with a composite vulnerability score (CVS) derived from associations between diffusion features and AD severity across clinical traits in each of the four sex-APOE groups (female or male, with or without APOE4). Brain parcellation with the Eve atlas revealed regions consistently affected across sex-APOE groups (e.g., parahippocampal and superior temporal gyri) and regions specific to individual groups (e.g., the cingulum in females with APOE4 and the middle frontal gyrus in males without APOE4). Gene co-expression network analysis of the matched blood expression data identified gene subnetworks linked to group-specific regional vulnerability, including a muscle tissue morphogenesis module regulated by NEURL1B and HIST1H2BN associated with middle frontal gyrus vulnerability. These findings demonstrate that sex and APOE genotype jointly shape region-specific WM vulnerability and its molecular signatures in AD. Understanding these interactions provides novel mechanistic insights and may inform precision approaches to drug development, biomarker discovery, and clinical trial design for AD.

Uncovering UK coastal legacy wastes and their potential contaminant release risks through mineralogy and geochemistry - Patrizia Onnis; Elin Jennings; Violeta Ramos; Alex L. Riley; Catherine J. Gandy; Rich A. Crane; Ian T. Burke; Gavyn K. Rollinson; Patrick Byrne; Bryan M. Spears; Justyna P. Olszewska; Will M. Mayes; et al. (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2026)

The Sedimentary geochemistry and paleoenvironments project phase 2 data release: An open data resource for the study of Earth's environmental history - Úna C. Farrell; Hunter C. Olson; Maya O. Thompson; Michelle L. Abshire; Oyeleye O. Adeboye; Anne-Sofie C. Ahm; Lewis J. Alcott; Thomas J. Algeo; Ross P. Anderson; Arif H. Ansari; Lucas Pinto Heckert Bastos; Kohen W. Bauer; et al. (Chemical Geology, 2026)

Acute nutritional ketosis during early recovery from aerobic exercise does not affect skeletal muscle transcriptomic response in humans - Erick Mosquera-Lopez; Julien Louis; Jason P. Edwards; Jamie Pugh; Mark R. Viggars; Daniel J. Owens; Jose L. Areta (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2026)
Purpose Nutritional ketosis is purported to enhance skeletal muscle recovery and adaptation to exercise, yet precise adaptive mechanisms are unknown. We investigated the post-exercise molecular response to ketone monoesters (KME) in skeletal muscle by characterising the early transcriptomic response. Methods Following a randomised, double-blind, crossover design, recreationally active men (n = 9, age: 26 ± 5 (means ± SD) y; V̇O 2max : 47 ± 4 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 ) completed two experimental trials where they ingested either 1.25 g·kg −1 of KME or a taste-matched placebo (PLA) drink during exercise (90-min cycling at 60% of V̇O 2max ) and 3-h recovery. Blood samples were taken throughout for hormone and metabolite analyses, and muscle biopsies were taken at baseline and 3 h post-exercise for glycogen and genome-wide gene expression analyses. Results Recovery ßHB concentrations were higher in KME (4.1 ± 0.7 mM) vs PLA (0.1 ± 0.0 mM, P < 0.001). Erythropoietin (EPO) showed a main effect of time ( P = 0.044), but no condition effect ( P = 0.087) or interaction ( P = 0.318). Skeletal muscle glycogen decreased post-exercise (−57%, P < 0.001) as expected, but showed no condition effect ( P = 0.889) or interaction ( P = 0.907). We measured the expression of 16,898 genes, and despite a clear time effect on the skeletal muscle transcriptome (1561 differentially expressed genes post vs pre-exercise; q < 0.05 fold change > ± 1.5), there was no effect of condition. Conclusions KME did not demonstrate an effect on EPO concentration, muscle glycogen or transcriptome, suggesting DNA translation is likely not a process directly regulated by acute ketonaemia that increases early post-exercise.

Record Rainfall from the Enhanced Southwest Monsoon in Metro Manila, Philippines: A Comparative Study of Recent Events - Lyndon Mark Payanay Olaguera; Alwin Andriel L. Bathan; Edward Kyle Badua; Erica N. Bañares; Clint Eldrick R. Petilla; John A. Manalo; Faye Abigail T. Cruz; Jose Ramon T. Villarin (Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, 2026)

Meal Preparation Strategies and Lack of Food Security Among Unaccompanied Latino Migrant Farmworker Youth in Georgia and Florida: A Mixed-Methods Approach - Fiorella L. Carlos Chavez; Kaleea R. Lewis; Bethany A. Moore; Tracy Tang; Edward D. Vargas; Joan M. Hermsen; Rebecca E. Lee; Youngbin Lee; Irma A. Arteaga; Khushi Bypan; J. Sanford Rikoon; Thomas A. Arcury (Journal of Agromedicine, 2026)

Validating the children's eating behaviour questionnaire in a UK sample: A suitable tool for mothers and fathers - Mar Lozano-Casanova; Silvia Escribano; Abigail Pickard; Katie L. Edwards; Alice R. Kininmonth; Miguel Richart-Martinez; Isabel Sospedra; Claire Farrow; Jacqueline Blissett (Appetite, 2026)

Parent reports of eating behaviour and feeding practices: effects of parent and child sex - Mar Lozano-Casanova; Katie L. Edwards; Abigail Pickard; Emma Haycraft; Alice R. Kininmonth; Miguel Richart-Martinez; Isabel Sospedra; Claire Farrow; Jackie Blissett (Appetite, 2026)

Parental use of distraction and portioning to reduce snack intake by children with avid eating behaviour: An experimental laboratory study - Katie L. Edwards; Abigail Pickard; Claire Farrow; Emma Haycraft; Moritz Herle; Clare Llewellyn; Helen Croker; Jacqueline Blissett (Appetite, 2026)

Dogs can detect carp (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) using lake water samples - Melissa A. Collins; Samuel Barclay; Clare Browne; Nicholas Ling; Grant W. Tempero; Ian Kusabs; Timothy L. Edwards (Journal for Nature Conservation, 2026)

An analytically derived solution for the time history of a ship-ice impact - Edward J.D. Bryson; Sthéfano L. Andrade; Bruce W.T. Quinton (Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2026)

Seascape diversity and configuration shape habitat selection across multiple coastal ecosystems - Jesse D. Mosman; Hayden P. Borland; Ashley J. Rummell; Christopher J. Henderson; Sam Allan; Alec Bannam; Stacy L. Bierwagen; Michael J. Bradley; Alex B. Carter; Daniela M. Ceccarelli; Robert Coles; Michael J. Emslie; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2026)

Subsaturated aerosol hygroscopicity over the northwest Atlantic: Impacts of seasonal factors, offshore location, and clouds - Genevieve Rose Lorenzo; Luke D. Ziemba; Yonghoon Choi; Ewan C. Crosbie; Joshua P. DiGangi; Glenn S. Diskin; Richard A. Ferrare; Simon Kirschler; John B. Nowak; Michael A. Shook; Kenneth L. Thornhill; Christiane Voigt; et al. (Atmospheric Environment, 2026)

Correction to: Granulopoietic Dysregulation in a Patient-Tailored Mouse Model of Barth Syndrome - Elizabeth A. Sierra Potchanant; Maegan L. Capitano; Donna M. Edwards; Baskar Ramdas; Scott Cooper; James Ropa; S. Louise Pay; Aditya Sheth; Paige L. Snider; Hilary J. Vernon; Ngoc-Tung Tran; Reuben Kapur; et al. (Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 2026)

Invasive catfish detection with scent detection dogs - Renee Denby; Lauren Hopkins; Lauren Little; Grant W. Tempero; Clare Browne; Melissa Collins; Nicholas Ling; Timothy L. Edwards (Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 2026)

Passive Acoustic Monitoring Reveals Temporal and Environmental Drivers of the Cetacean Community in the Southern Great Barrier Reef - Isabel A. R. Taylor; Sophie Beutel; Christine L. Dudgeon; Asia O. Armstrong; Kathy A. Townsend; Romney Edwards‐Francis; Dominique A. Potvin (Marine Mammal Science, 2026)
Monitoring cetaceans in Australia's Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is essential for understanding their ecological roles and informing conservation, yet traditional visual surveys are limited by logistical constraints. Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) offers a complementary solution, particularly in acoustically complex coral‐reef habitats of the southern GBR. Over 2 years, we deployed an autonomous recorder at Lady Elliot Island to document cetacean presence and assess environmental associations. We detected vocalizations from humpback whales ( Megaptera novaeangliae ), dwarf minke whales ( Balaenoptera acutorostrata subsp.), and delphinids, likely spinner ( Stenella longirostris ) and/or bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops spp.). Humpback whale song dominated recordings from June through October, while dwarf minke whale “Star‐Wars” calls occurred from May to August, marking the first acoustic evidence of this subspecies within the southern GBR. Dwarf minke whale detections correlated positively with chlorophyll‐ a concentration, whereas humpback whale detections were negatively associated with wind speed. Rorqual vocalizations declined during periods of elevated anthropogenic noise, while odontocete detections remained unaffected. These results highlight PAM's effectiveness for detecting cetaceans within complex reef soundscapes and suggest acoustic niche partitioning among taxa. These critical baseline data inform management strategies for understudied GBR cetacean populations and establish a robust framework for future long‐term monitoring efforts and effective conservation actions.

Age and Growth of Greater Amberjack (Seriola dumerili) in the Gulf of America - Debra J. Murie; Daryl C. Parkyn; Geoffrey H. Smith; Edward Leonard; Amanda Croteau; Robert Allman; Ashley Pacicco; Jessica L. Carroll; Brett J. Falterman; Nicole Smith (Fishes, 2025)
Greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) are large reef fish important in fisheries in the southeastern USA, with the Gulf of America stock unsustainably harvested over most of the past two decades. Its age-based stock assessment and recovery plan depend on age and growth information. In this study, 7658 greater amberjack were sampled from the west coast of Florida and off Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana in the Gulf from 1991 to 2018. Fish were aged using cross-sectioned sagittal otoliths, with accompanying data on their length, sex, location (state), and type of fishery. Overall, the greater amberjack that were landed in the recreational and commercial fisheries were between 2 and 19 years of age, with the majority between 3 and 5 years old (>80%), and were primarily caught using hook-and-line gear (95%). Sex- and state-specific growth differences were evident based on von Bertalanffy growth models, with females significantly larger at age than males in both Florida and Louisiana (which included Mississippi and Alabama due to low sample size), and females in Louisiana larger at age than females in Florida. Sex ratios in the recreational catches of Florida and Louisiana were skewed towards females (>1.5 female per male), especially for fish ≥1000 mm fork length (>2.3 female per male). Accounting for sex-specific and region-specific growth differences may, in part, help to explain the notably high variability in the overall growth model for greater amberjack in the Gulf.

The coupling between monsoon rainfall and Sea Surface Temperature in the subtropical South Atlantic during the Last Glacial Period - Lucas C. Vasconcelos; Francisco W. Cruz; Juan Pablo Bernal; Marília C. Campos; Patrícia Piacsek; José L. Campos; Haiwei Zhang; Nicolás Stríkis; Mathias Vuille; Giselle Utida; Christian Millo; R. Lawrence Edward; et al. (Global and Planetary Change, 2025)

Effects of salinity stress on Acropora sp. and Stylophora pistillata in the Red Sea: A pre-construction risk assessment for desalination plants - Micaela S.S. Justo; Laura Beenham; João Cúrdia; Marta Cunha; Fern Lyne; Rita Bartossek; Carla Leite; Edwin Palmer; Edward Oldmeadow; Raquel S. Peixoto; Rosa Freitas; Michael L. Berumen; et al. (Desalination, 2025)

Triple-oxygen isotopic evidence of prolonged direct bioleaching of pyrite with O2 - Issaku E. Kohl; Bryan Killingsworth; Karen Ziegler; Edward D. Young; Max L. Coleman (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2025)

Interaction of bay outflow and wind-driven upwelling in chlorophyll patterns in the Gulf of the Farallones - Candice N. Cooper; Christopher A. Edwards; John L. Largier; Piero L.F. Mazzini (Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 2025)

Microbial, genetic, and urban drivers of ant invasions - Wei-Jiun Lin; Po-Wei Hsu; Edward L Vargo; Chin-Cheng Scotty Yang (Current Opinion in Insect Science, 2025)

Quest for Orthologs in the era of Data Deluge and AI: Challenges and Innovations in Orthology Prediction and Data Integration - Sina Majidian; Armin Hadziahmetovic; Felix Langschied; Stefano Pascarelli; Silvia Prieto-Baños; Jorge Rojas-Vargas; Lars Arvestad; Jitender Cheema; Salvatore Cosentino; Ingo Ebersberger; Elena Kuzmin; Yannis Nevers; et al. (Journal of Molecular Evolution, 2025)
The rapid advancement of DNA sequencing technologies and computational algorithms has led to an unprecedented surge in genomic data, driven by several large-scale sequencing projects worldwide. Orthology plays a crucial role in understanding evolutionary patterns of genes and their functions. At the last Quest for Orthologs meeting (Montréal, Canada—2024), we discussed recent advances in orthology inference, with a focus on the impact of artificial intelligence (AI), protein structures, RNA splicing isoforms, and protein domain evolution together with other evolutionary considerations. A long-standing challenge in the field is the functional annotation of paralogs, for which we present novel approaches. The meeting also emphasised strategies for integrating diverse genetic features into the concept of orthology, encouraging frameworks that account for elements like alternative splicing, domain organisation, and regulatory sequences. We discuss various applications of orthology and paralogy to environmental research, agriculture, and comparative genomics. Additionally, we report recent progress in orthology inference methodologies and resources. This work represents a collaborative synthesis of insights and innovations presented at the 8th Quest for Orthologs meeting, highlighting current progress while outlining future directions for orthology research.

Deposition and 14C-based source apportionment of black carbon in a small lake in southern Sweden since 1450 CE - Karl Ljung; Edward Allison; Yevhenii Rohozin; Ethan L. Silvester; Dan Hammarlund (Anthropocene, 2025)

Monitoring Resilience in Coastal Systems: A Comprehensive Assessment - Emma Imen Turki; Elena Ojeda; Ernesto Tonatiuth Mendoza; Gabriela Medellín; Timothy D. Price; Edward Salameh; Xiao Hua Wang; Li Li; Gemma L. Franklin; Alec Torres-Freyermuth (Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2025)
This work, conducted within the framework of the international network CRESTE (Coastal Resilience Using Satellites), examines the role of resilience in monitoring coastal evolution across diverse environments in Europe (France, The Netherlands), America (Mexico), Asia (China), and Oceania (Australia). High-resolution morphological datasets, derived from in situ measurements and video monitoring systems, were analyzed for wave- and tide-dominated beaches influenced by both climatic drivers and anthropogenic pressures. Findings indicate that beach resilience is strongly linked to system resistance, which depends on the intensity of climate drivers, including storm frequency, and site-specific conditions related to the type of sediment and its availability, and the presence of anthropogenic activities including coastal structures (e.g., Normandy, Yucatán) and shoreface nourishments (Netherlands). In Batemans Bay (Australia) and Hangzhou Bay (China), assessing the resilience is particularly challenging due to the combined influence of multiple drivers, fluvial inputs, and urban development. Accurate monitoring of coastal resilience across timescales requires accounting for long-term morphological, ecological, and socio-economic processes. This can be enhanced through satellite observations, which, when integrated with in situ measurements, numerical modeling, and artificial intelligence, support a more comprehensive assessment of resilience and refine projections under future climate change and sea-level rise; representing a key focus for further works.

The impact of experimental variables in twitch tension recording on triphasic action of phospholipase A2 neurotoxins at the neuromuscular junction and acetylcholine release - Behrooz Fathi Hafshejani; Alan L. Harvey; Edward G. Rowan; Azam Mohammadi (Toxicon, 2025)

Late Quaternary environmental change in eastern Beringia - Alistair J. Monteath; Mary E. Edwards; Duane Froese; Lesleigh Anderson; Benjamin V. Gaglioti; Scott L. Cocker; Julie Brigham-Grette; Matthew J. Wooller; Bruce Finney; Mark B. Abbott (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2025)

Genomic analysis of Aeromonas species isolated from retail foods suggests an under-investigated population - Richard Harding-Crooks; Guerrino Macori; Vartul Sangal; Amanda L. Jones; Darren L. Smith; Séamus Fanning; Edward M. Fox (International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2025)

Comparing Navcam dust devil detections to transient daytime convective vortex signatures in REMS pressure and ultraviolet data - Emily L. Mason; Scott D. Guzewich; Christopher Edwards; Álvaro Vicente-Retortillo; Daniel Viúdez-Moreiras (Icarus, 2025)

Transgressive gene expression disrupts the molting process in hybrids of two invasive termites - Kyung Seok Kim; Darshan Chetty; Thomas Chouvenc; Joseph F. Velenovsky; Sang-Bin Lee; Seema Rana; Edward L. Vargo (Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2025)

Transformations of particulate organic matter from the surface to the abyssal plain in the North Pacific as inferred from compound-specific stable isotope and microbial community analyses - Lee C. Miller; Hilary G. Close; Kalina C. Grabb; Christine L. Huffard; Fuyan Li; David M. Karl; Kenneth L. Smith; Edward F. DeLong; Claudia R. Benitez-Nelson; Jeffrey C. Drazen; Brian N. Popp (Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2025)

Speciation and leaching behaviour of inorganic contaminants in actively eroding historical coastal municipal solid waste landfills - Ian T. Burke; Patrizia Onnis; Alex L. Riley; Catherine J. Gandy; Violeta Ramos; Gavyn K. Rollinson; Patrick Byrne; Richard A. Crane; Karen A. Hudson-Edwards; Elin Jennings; William M. Mayes; J. Frederick W. Mosselmans; et al. (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2025)

Analysis of host and gut microbial biotransformation products of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) by mass spectrometry - William J. Crandall; Ken H. Liu; Choon M. Lee; Grant Singer; Jaclyn Weinberg; Edward T. Morgan; Dean P. Jones; Cassandra L. Quave (Phytochemistry Letters, 2025)

Hidden Nutrient Gaps: The Association Between Healthy Eating index-2020 Scores and Micronutrient Gaps - C. Edwards; J. Townsend; P. Sapp; T. Kirby; L. Nyman; R. Esposito (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2025)

AG1® Supplementation Improves Gut Microbiome Composition and Relative Abundance of Growth/Nutrient Metabolism Gene Pathways in Adults with Occasional Gastrointestinal Issues - T. Kirby; J. Townsend; P. Sapp; C. Edwards; J. Wright; R. Lamendella; L. Nyman; R. Esposito (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2025)

Surface residues and decomposition of liquid and vapor diisopropyl methyl phosphonate (DIMP) interacting with metal oxides - Swapnil Das; Mirko Schoenitz; Edward L. Dreizin (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025)

Granulopoietic Dysregulation in a Patient-Tailored Mouse Model of Barth Syndrome - Elizabeth A. Sierra Potchanant; Maegan L. Capitano; Donna M. Edwards; Baskar Ramdas; Scott Cooper; James Ropa; S. Louise Pay; Aditya Sheth; Paige L. Snider; Hilary J. Vernon; Ngoc-Tung Tran; Reuben Kapur; et al. (Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 2025)
Barth syndrome (BTHS) is an X-linked recessive disorder characterized by cardiomyopathy, skeletal muscle myopathy and fatigue, growth restriction, and neutropenia. Neutropenia increases the risk of life-threatening bacterial infections, a major cause of death in individuals with BTHS. Currently, there is no curative treatment for BTHS or associated neutropenia. The development of therapeutic strategies to correct BTHS-associated neutropenia has been hindered by a limited understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. BTHS is caused by a mutation in the Tafazzin gene encoding a transacylase required for the maturation of cardiolipin, an inner mitochondrial membrane phospholipid crucial for mitochondrial structure and function. We introduced a BTHS patient’s point mutation ( TAZ D75H ) into the mouse Tafazzin enzyme’s critical acyltransferase site using CRISPR/Cas9 -mediated genome editing, resulting in a patient-tailored point mutant knock-in BTHS model ( Taz D75H ) that expresses a stable mutant Taz D75H protein lacking transacylase activity. Taz D75H mice were then used to investigate how loss of Tafazzin enzymatic activity impacts hematopoiesis. Male Taz D75H mice exhibited impaired granulopoiesis and neutropenia secondary to impaired function of hematopoietic progenitors. Furthermore, they demonstrated age-dependent neutrophil maturation impairment reflecting the variable neutropenia observed in BTHS patients. Additionally, male Taz D75H mice exhibit chronic lymphopenia that persists post Taz D75H bone marrow transplantation. Mechanistically, the TAZ D75H point mutation caused hematopoietic cell mitochondrial dysfunction in patient-derived immortalized TAZ D75H lymphoblasts, increasing reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Likewise, Cyclosporine A treatment rescued these mitochondrial phenotypes in vitro, confirming TAZ D75H mitochondrial dysfunction. Overall, our findings demonstrate that mitochondrial dysfunction secondary to TAFAZZIN loss of enzymatic function underlies BTHS-associated neutropenia and lymphopenia.

Sugarcane genotype by environment interaction (G × E) in clonal trials in the U.S. Texas Rio Grande Valley - James R. Todd; Orlando Coto Arbelo; Anna L. Hale; Yong-Bao Pan; Edwis O. Dufrene; David Verdun; Aliya Momotaz; Collins A. Kimbeng; Herman L. Waguespack; Andrew W. Scott; Edward Hernandez; Matthew Klostermann (Euphytica, 2025)

Patterns of coral spawning in the Palm Islands, Great Barrier Reef - Hanaka Mera; Alasdair J. Edwards; James R. Guest; Liam Lachs; Kate M. Quigley; Bette L. Willis; Andrew H. Baird (Coral Reefs, 2025)
Scleractinian reproductive biology has been a focus of research since the discovery of multi-species synchronous spawning in the early 1980s; however, predicting when colonies will spawn on the Great Barrier Reef remains problematic. Here, we combine over 30 years of direct coral spawning observations that include colonies from 128 species from 44 genera in 10 families with 20 years of data on the stage of gamete maturity in colonies of Acropora (hereafter, colony reproductive condition) from the Palm Island group on the Great Barrier Reef to explore patterns within and among species. We find the lunar month counted from the southern hemisphere winter solstice better predicts the first month of spawning in the Palm Islands than the Gregorian month: spawning was never observed before the 5th lunar month. Direct observations suggest that most coral spawning in the Palm Islands occurs in the 5th and 6th lunar months over a 12-day interval starting one day before the full moon, between 30 min before and 5 h after sunset. Split spawning was also a frequent occurrence in Acropora populations. Some Acropora spp. had colonies that spawned in four or five different lunar months, a pattern that might be affected by taxonomic uncertainty. The range in spawning start times was considerably greater among colonies maintained in the laboratory vs those in the field, suggesting that spawning times are affected by handling. This work highlights the importance of a systematic approach to documenting spawning times to improve our understanding of spawning synchrony and seasonality.

Perceived discrimination, trust in physicians, and their associations with ovarian cancer mortality among women in the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study - Lindsay J. Collin; Courtney E. Johnson; Maxwell Akonde; Mary Kan; Elisa V. Bandera; Lauren C. Peres; Bo Qin; Michele L. Cote; Anthony Alberg; Edward S. Peters; Theresa A. Hastert; Joellen M. Schildkraut (Cancer Causes & Control, 2025)
Purpose Black women are 30% more likely to die of ovarian cancer than White women. Discrimination may affect cancer health disparities through pathways including socioeconomic disadvantage, chronic stress, and access to care. In this study, we evaluated associations of discrimination and trust in physicians with all-cause mortality among Black women with ovarian cancer. Methods Using data from the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES), we included 592 Black ovarian cancer patients who completed an interview. Discrimination and trust in physicians were measured using the Everyday Discrimination, Major Experiences of Discrimination, and Trust in Physicians scales, respectively. We used Cox proportional hazard models to compute multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associating everyday discrimination, major experiences of discrimination, and trust in physicians with all-cause mortality. Results Approximately 43% reported experiencing at least one major experience of discrimination, 16% reported high everyday experiences of discrimination, and the median trust in physician score was 35. The association between higher experiences of everyday discrimination was HR = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.63, 1.11), compared with low experiences of everyday discrimination. We observed that more major experiences of discrimination had 1.25-times the mortality rate compared with low experiences of major discrimination (95% CI: 0.84, 2.20). Higher trust in physicians was associated with slightly lower mortality rates (HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.74, 1.14). Conclusion We observed complexities in the relationships of everyday discrimination, major experiences of discrimination, and trust in physicians with mortality among Black women with ovarian cancer. Future work to understand the these relationships is likely warranted.

Examining momentary predictors of parental use of structure-based and autonomy support feeding practices with children with avid eating behaviour - Katie L. Edwards; Abigail Pickard; Claire Farrow; Emma Haycraft; Moritz Herle; Clare Llewellyn; Helen Croker; Alice Kininmonth; Jacqueline Blissett (Appetite, 2025)

P18-65 Advancing the Grouping and Harmonization of Similar Key Events in the AOP Wiki: Ontology-Based Key Event Component Combinations as Catalysts for Integration - J. Filipovska; K. Audouze; J. Blum; L.-A. Clerbaux; E. Coerek; E. Demuynck; S. Edwards; E. Fritsche; L. Gerner; K. Groh; G. Hench; N. Jeliazkova; et al. (Toxicology Letters, 2025)

Sustainable management of non-timber forest products in Peruvian Amazonia: lessons learnt from participatory use of smartphone technology - Charlotte E. Wheeler; Althea L. Davies; Luis Andueza; Lydia E.S. Cole; Nállarett Dávila; Jhon Del Águila; Margarita del Aguila Villacorta; Frederick C. Draper; Charlotte L.D. Evans; Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado; Nina Laurie; Eva Loja; et al. (Journal of Environmental Management, 2025)

Suitability of using carbon dioxide as a tracer gas for studying vehicle emission dispersion in a real street canyon - Yuhan Huang; Helen B. Wang; Hilda M.W. Mak; Mengyuan Chu; Zhi Ning; Bruce Organ; Edward F.C. Chan; Chun-Ho Liu; Wai-Chuen Mok; Christof Gromke; Ho Kyong Shon; Chengwang Lei; et al. (Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2025)

Opportunities to better integrate inland fish and fisheries in multilateral environmental agreements - Abigail J. Lynch; Devin Bartley; T. Douglas Beard, Jr.; Gabriel Borba; Steven J. Cooke; Ian G. Cowx; Vittoria Elliott; Holly Embke; Edith Gondwe; Zeb Hogan; Jonathan G. Low; Jamie C. Madden; et al. (Environmental Science & Policy, 2025)

Decadal change in deep-ocean dissolved oxygen in the North Atlantic Ocean and North Pacific Ocean - Henry A. Ruhl; Christine L. Huffard; Monique Messié; Thomas P. Connolly; Thomas Soltwedel; Frank Wenzhöfer; Rodney J. Johnson; Nicholas R. Bates; Susan Hartman; Anita Flohr; Edward W. Mawji; David M. Karl; et al. (Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 2025)

The mite fauna (Arachnida: Acari) of Gough Island, South Atlantic Ocean: natural colonization, endemism and human introduction - David J. Marshall; Elizabeth A. Hugo-Coetzee; Louise Coetzee; Edward A. Ueckermann; Owen Seeman; Steven L. Chown (Polar Biology, 2025)

Microscale analysis of the fish Knightia eocaena taphonomy: Implication of a preserved microbial community - Garrett A. Rogers; Dakota R. Pittinger; Edward L. Simpson; Kurt Friehauf (Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments, 2025)
Microbial communities are important components controlling the fidelity of fossil fish preservation. The Eocene Green River Formation lagerstätten, exceptionally preserved fossil deposits, provides an opportunity to examine the role of microbial communities and their metabolic byproducts, such as chemical precipitated in this spectacularly preserved fish deposit, famous throughout the world. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy system (EDS) examination of a well-preserved Knightia eocaena from the Eocene Green River Formation documents the presence of bacteriomorphs. Bacteriomorphs in a sample from the Fossil Butte Member of the Green River Formation consists of spherical structures, coccoid-type bacteria, fibres from two-sized populations of filamentous bacteria, probable filamentous cyanobacteria, capsule-shaped, and bacilliform bacteria, all associated with framboidal iron hydroxide. Bacteriomorphs consist of external molds composed of nanometer-scale calcium carbonate spheres. Fe-oxide framboids have an amorphous exterior and a sieve-like internal structure. The sieve-like structure consists of nanometer-scale pores, probable sites of bacterial cells with walls composed of 100-nanometer-scale spheres. Fe-oxides are consistent with bacterially mediated precipitation of pyrite followed by an oxidation event. Preserved bacteriomorphs are consistent with degradation of soft tissue, limiting the preservation of soft tissue and leaving bone and scales with no appreciable soft tissue. The microfossils are restricted to the skeleton and are not found in the surrounding rock matrix, suggesting larger microbial mats may not have been present and possibly did not have a significant impact on the preservation of this specimen.

Network of networks: Time series clustering of AmeriFlux sites - David E Reed; Housen Chu; Brad G. Peter; Jiquan Chen; Michael Abraha; Brian Amiro; Ray G. Anderson; M. Altaf Arain; Paulo Arruda; Greg A. Barron-Gafford; Carl Bernacchi; Daniel P. Beverly; et al. (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2025)

Biogeochemical controls on iron speciation and cycling across upland to shoreline gradients in freshwater and estuarine coastal soils (Lake Erie and Chesapeake Bay, United States) - Lucie Stetten; Maxim I. Boyanov; Edward J. O'Loughlin; Shan Pushpajom Thomas; Kathleen R. Beilsmith; Roberta B. Peixoto; Fausto Machado-Silva; Donnie J. Day; Stephanie J. Wilson; Timothy W. Vugteveen; Allison N. Myers-Pigg; Opal Otenburg; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Grazing deterrents improve survival of outplanted juvenile corals - Eveline van der Steeg; Adriana Humanes; John C. Bythell; Jamie R. Craggs; Alasdair J. Edwards; Yimnang Golbuu; Liam Lachs; Margaret W. Miller; Janna L. Randle; James R. Guest (Coral Reefs, 2025)
High mortality of juvenile corals hinder both the natural recovery of populations and the successful implementation of restoration efforts. Grazing is a significant cause of juvenile coral mortality, and grazer exclusion devices have been shown to increase juvenile coral survivorship. However, most experiments have used cages that typically alter water flow and light conditions, making it difficult to separate abiotic effects from those of grazing. Here, we test whether grazing deterrents can increase the survival and growth of six-month-old Acropora digitifera juveniles outplanted to a shallow reef crest, using arrangements of two or four long or short masonry nails designed to physically exclude larger grazers (e.g., parrotfish) while minimising abiotic changes. By the end of our study, colonies with deterrents had significantly larger planar area (almost tenfold for the most effective treatment), more branches, greater height, and higher survival than those without deterrents. A critical period in this study was the first week after outplanting when colonies with deterrents had significantly less tissue area loss from grazing than those without. Lower area loss in the first week was associated with significantly higher survival over the following 14 months, with an almost threefold improvement for the most effective treatment. For heavily grazed systems, our study highlights the importance of incorporating grazing deterrents into outplant devices to counteract the negative impact of large grazers on newly outplanted juvenile corals and boost restoration success.

Genomic evidence reveals a lack of evolutionary differentiation among grasshopper sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum) subspecies - Céline M. Carneiro; W. Alice Boyle; James A. Cox; Juan C. Oteyza; Janet M. Ruth; Edward L. Braun; Jerald D. Noble; James D. Austin (Conservation Genetics, 2025)

Reduced Cuticular Hydrocarbon Production in a Unicolonial Population of the Ant, Nylanderia fulva, Is Associated with Low Desiccation Resistance in its Invasive Range - Pierre-André Eyer; Anjel M. Helms; Megan N. Moran; John M. Grunseich; Edward L. Vargo (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2025)

Validation of the Teddy the Bear hunger and satiety rating scale in 3-5-year-old children - Katie L. Edwards; Abigail Pickard; Claire Farrow; Jacqueline Blissett (Appetite, 2025)

Daily manifestations of Children's avid eating behaviour and associations with temperament, parental feeding practices and wellbeing - Abigail Pickard; Katie L. Edwards; Claire Farrow; Emma Haycraft; Moritz Herle; Clare Llewellyn; Helen Croker; Jacqueline Blissett (Appetite, 2025)

Reimagining species on the move across space and time - Alexa L. Fredston; Morgan W. Tingley; Montague H.C. Neate-Clegg; Luke J. Evans; Laura H. Antão; Natalie C. Ban; I-Ching Chen; Yi-Wen Chen; Lise Comte; David P. Edwards; Birgitta Evengard; Belen Fadrique; et al. (Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2025)

Selection of suitable reference gene for gene expression studies in maize-downy mildew pathosystem - Benjamine William P. Cordez; Edward Cedrick J. Fernandez; Jen Daine L. Nocum; Fe M. Dela Cueva; Anand Noel C. Manohar; Darlon V. Lantican (Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 2025)

Sea-level rise and freshwater management are reshaping coastal landscapes - Amanda Richey; Steven F. Oberbauer; Edward Castañeda-Moya; Tiffany Troxler; John S. Kominoski; Paulo Olivas; Sparkle L. Malone (Journal of Environmental Management, 2025)

Laboratory measurements of the expansion characteristics of dust impact plasmas - L. Nouzák; K. Edwards; J. Fontanese; T. Munsat; J. Pavlů; Z. Sternovsky (Icarus, 2025)

Putting numbers to a metaphor: A Bayesian Belief Network with which to infer Soil Quality and Health - Kirsty L. Hassall; Joanna Zawadzka; Alice E. Milne; Ronald Corstanje; James A. Harris; A. Gordon Dailey; Aidan M. Keith; Margaret J. Glendining; S.P. McGrath; Lindsay C. Todman; Paul Alexander; Philippa Arnold; et al. (European Journal of Agronomy, 2025)

Interactive effects of crop types and nitrogen sources on N2O emissions in a cool humid climate - Joannie D’Amours; David E. Pelster; Martin H. Chantigny; Andrew C. VanderZaag; Erin L. Smith; Gilles Bélanger; Émilie Maillard; Marie-Élise Samson; Edward G. Gregorich; Denis A. Angers; Isabelle Royer; Marie-Noëlle Thivierge (Plant and Soil, 2025)
Aims Perennial forages in rotation with annual crops can improve agricultural resilience by increasing soil organic carbon. However, how nitrogen (N) sources interact with rotation diversity to influence soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions is not well understood. Methods During three snow-free seasons, N 2 O emissions, crop yields, and ancillary variables were measured at three experimental sites with contrasting soil textures (silty clay and sandy loam) in eastern Canada. Using a split-plot design, we compared a corn ( Zea mays L.)-soybean ( Glycine max [L.] Merr.)-corn rotation and a mixed perennial grass sward receiving N via: i) mineral fertilizer (MIN), ii) liquid dairy manure (LDM), and iii) inclusion of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) to the perennial forages with no additional N (LEG). Results When summed across sites over all three years, cumulative N 2 O emissions were greater for LDM than MIN in annual crops (8.75 ± 1.63 and 5.15 ± 0.96 kg N 2 O-N ha –1 , respectively), but not in perennial grasses (2.95 ± 0.55 and 3.76 ± 0.70 kg N 2 O-N ha –1 , respectively). When comparing N sources within each crop type over the three years, MIN generated greater yields than LDM in annual and perennial crops, but lower yield-scaled N 2 O emissions than LDM in annual crops only. During forages post-seeding years, area- and yield-scaled N 2 O emissions induced by LDM and LEG were lower than MIN. Conclusion Our results suggest that for a cool humid climate using LDM or LEG in perennial forages and MIN on annual crops can reduce overall N 2 O emissions, while generating similar or lower yield-scaled emissions.

Noise-induced hearing injuries among military working dog handlers, 2012–2023 - Jessica H. Murray; Sithembile L. Mabila; Edward A. Sheriff; Alexis A. McQuistan; Shauna L. Stahlman (International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 2025)

Production and immunogenicity of a plant-produced beak and feather disease virus vaccine in Japanese quails - Goodman Mulondo; Mélie L. R. Buyse; Kimberley Labuschagne; David Jarvis; Albertha van Zyl; Edward P. Rybicki; Inga I. Hitzeroth; Sandiswa Mbewana (Archives of Virology, 2025)
Beak and feather disease virus (BFDV), a single-stranded DNA virus, infects endangered psittacine species, including the South African Cape parrot. The disease is highly contagious and can be transmitted through contact with contaminated faeces, crop secretions, and feather and skin dander. To date, there is no vaccine or cure available for BFDV. The production of an effective vaccine depends on having a production platform and methods that are both easy to use and capable of yielding a significant amount of protein that will induce a sufficient immune response. Therefore, the aim of this study was to produce a plant-based BFDV vaccine candidate and to evaluate its ability to elicit an immune response in birds. Recombinant BFDV capsid protein (CP) was transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana and purified using density gradient ultracentrifugation. Japanese quails were immunized with purified BFDV CP. Yolk-derived IgY was purified by water dilution and salt precipitation, and its specificity was verified by western blot analysis. The expression levels of the coat protein increased from non-detectable to an average accumulation of 1.58 mg/kg of fresh plant tissue biomass, and antibodies against BFDV CP were detected in both the blood and eggs of immunized quails, indicating that vaccination with BFDV CP successfully elicited a humoral immune response. This study demonstrates that heterologous expression in plants is a viable method for producing BFDV CP. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show the antibody response to a plant-produced BFDV antigen in a quail model. Given that the presence of anti-CP antibodies in infected birds is associated with immunity, this system can potentially be used to produce a vaccine against BFDV.

At the far end of everything: A likely Ahrensburgian presence in the far north of the Isle of Skye, Scotland - Karen Hardy; Natasha L.M. Barlow; Edward Taylor; Sarah L. Bradley; John McCarthy; Graham Rush (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2025)
A Late Upper Paleolithic (LUP) site containing Ahrensburgian‐type stone tools has been discovered at South Cuidrach, Isle of Skye, Scotland. Together with a group of intertidal stone circular alignments also recently discovered on the island, this new evidence for the occupation of northern Scotland also represents the most northerly LUP site in Britain. The timing of the continental Ahrensburgian culture is closely linked to the later part of the Younger Dryas, also known regionally as the Loch Lomond Stadial (LLS), a cold period that saw a significant ice cap and glacier expansion across the mainland of western Scotland. Here, we examine the climatic, environmental and relative sea‐level contexts and reflect on the location of this site on an island to the north‐west of the Younger Dryas ice mass. South Cuidrach is situated on the north coast of Skye, lying around 25 km north‐west of the maximum known local extent of the Younger Dryas ice mass. Most of the lithic assemblage is made from locally available baked mudstone. The site has good access to coastal and riverine resources and readily available ochre, suggesting it was deliberately chosen. Together with the new stone alignments and several other nearby sites, this region now contains more evidence for the LUP than anywhere else in Scotland. The geography and Late Glacial environment of west Scotland comprised a volatile landscape of water, mountains and fluctuating glaciers and coastlines, a challenging area at the north‐westerly limit of the European landmass that was very different to the Ahrensburgian core territories in mainland Europe. We anticipate that by examining this new evidence within the various broad geographical and geomorphological conditions, there is significant potential for the discovery of further LUP locations both on and off‐shore in this region.

Variety-seeking behavioral markers in an immersive virtual reality food buffet are associated with greater food and energy intake in laboratory meals - John W. Long; Paige M. Cunningham; Sara J. Maksi; Kathleen L. Keller; Charissa S.L. Cheah; Lee Boot; Alexander Klippel; Timothy R. Brick; Caitlyn G. Edwards; Janelle Kort; Paige Grabusky; Barbara J. Rolls; et al. (Appetite, 2025)

Harmonizing nature’s timescales in ecosystem models - Vivienne P. Groner; Jacob Cook; C. David L. Orme; Priyanga Amarasekare; Edward Comyn-Platt; Taran Rallings; Jaideep Joshi; Robert M. Ewers (Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2025)

Correcting the heartwood-sapwood transition in blue intensity measurements with change point detection methods - Hung T.T. Nguyen; Rory Abernethy; Rob Wilson; Daniel L. Druckenbrod; Kathryn J. Allen; Brendan M. Buckley; Edward R. Cook; Rosanne D’Arrigo; Jonathan G. Palmer (Dendrochronologia, 2025)

Informatics for toxicokinetics - Gilberto Padilla Mercado; Christopher Cook; Norman Adkins; Lucas Albrecht; Grace Cary; Brenda Edwards; Derik E. Haggard; Nancy M. Hanley; Michael F. Hughes; Anna Jarnagin; Tirumala D. Kodavanti; Evgenia Korol-Bexell; et al. (Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, 2025)

Corrigendum to “Large sardine resource discovered off south-eastern Australia: Potential risks, challenges and benefits of establishing a new fishery” [Mar. Policy 155 (2023) 105739] - Tim M. Ward; Barrett W. Wolfe; Gretchen L. Grammer; Alex R. Ivey; Edward King; Andreas Schiller; Karlie S. McDonald; Jeffrey M. Dambacher (Marine Policy, 2025)

Soil compaction sensing mechanisms and root responses - Lucas L. Peralta Ogorek; Yiqun Gao; Edward Farrar; Bipin K. Pandey (Trends in Plant Science, 2025)

A dynamic meshing scheme for integrated hydrologic modeling to represent evolving landscapes - Hyoun-Tae Hwang; Young-Jin Park; Steven J. Berg; Jon P. Jones; Killian L. Miller; Edward A. Sudicky (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Temporal trends and patterns for early- and late-onset adult liver cancer incidence vary by race/ethnicity, subsite, and histologic type in the United States from 2000 to 2019 - Mei-Chin Hsieh; Kendra L. Ratnapradipa; Laura Rozek; Shengdi Wen; Yu-Wen Chiu; Edward S. Peters (Cancer Causes & Control, 2025)
Purpose To examine incidence trends and patterns for early- and late-onset liver cancer. Methods Liver and intrahepatic bile duct (IBD) cancers diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 were acquired from 22 SEER registries. Variables included early-onset (20–49) vs. late-onset (50+), anatomic subsite, histologic type (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] and IBD cholangiocarcinoma [ICC]), sex, and race/ethnicity. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated using SEER*Stat. Jointpoint regression analysis was employed to estimate the annual percent change (APC) and the average APC (AAPC) with pairwise comparisons for trend by sex and by race/ethnicity stratified by age and subsite. Results Liver cancer incidence decreased among early-onset (AAPC [95% CI] − 2.39 [− 2.74, − 2.07]) but increased among late-onset patients (2.85 [2.71, 3.01]), primarily driven by HCC (3.60 [3.50, 3.71]). IBD incidence increased for both ages with ICC incidence annually increasing 7.92% (6.84, 9.26) for early-onset and 6.32% (5.46, 8.86) for late-onset patients. Early-onset liver cancer displayed comparable trends across racial/ethnic groups; however, late-onset liver cancer showed more variation, particularly among American Indian/Alaska Native/Asian Pacific Islander (AI/AN/API) populations, which experienced a significant decrease in incidence, thereby narrowing the gap with other racial/ethnic groups. For IBD, an identical pattern of early-onset IBD among non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs) compared to Hispanics was showed with coincidence test p = 0.1522, and a parallel pattern was observed among late-onset patients for both sexes ( p = 0.5087). Conclusion Late-onset HCC continues to rise, except for NHB and AI/AN/API, where incidence rates have started to decrease over the past 4–5 years. Early and late-onset ICC incidence continues to increase across all racial/ethnic groups.

BioTIME 2.0: Expanding and Improving a Database of Biodiversity Time Series - Maria Dornelas; Laura H. Antão; Amanda E. Bates; Viviana Brambilla; Jonathan M. Chase; Cher F. Y. Chow; Ada Fontrodona‐Eslava; Anne E. Magurran; Inês S. Martins; Faye Moyes; Alban Sagouis; Samuel Adu‐Acheampong; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Motivation Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R package (BioTIMEr) to facilitate use of the database. Main Types of Variables Included The database is composed of one main data table containing the abundance records and 11 metadata tables. The data are organised in a hierarchy of scales where 11,989,233 records are nested in 1,603,067 sample events, from 553,253 sampling locations, which are nested in 708 studies. A study is defined as a sampling methodology applied to an assemblage for a minimum of 2 years. Spatial Location and Grain Sampling locations in BioTIME are distributed across the planet, including marine, terrestrial and freshwater realms. Spatial grain size and extent vary across studies depending on sampling methodology. We recommend gridding of sampling locations into areas of consistent size. Time Period and Grain The earliest time series in BioTIME start in 1874, and the most recent records are from 2023. Temporal grain and duration vary across studies. We recommend doing sample‐level rarefaction to ensure consistent sampling effort through time before calculating any diversity metric. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement The database includes any eukaryotic taxa, with a combined total of 56,400 taxa. Software Format csv and. SQL.

A Review of Global Fisheries Performance - Frank Asche; Taryn M. Garlock; James L. Anderson; Ruth B. Pincinato; Christopher M. Anderson; Edward V. Camp; Jingjie Chu; Andreea L. Cojocaru; Hakan Eggert; Kai Lorenzen; David C. Love; Ragnar Tveteras (Fish and Fisheries, 2025)
Management of fisheries is complex as it combines environmental, economic and social objectives. The relative importance of these objectives is highly debated and the best approaches to achieving good outcomes are unclear. A lack of global and multi‐dimensional data has largely precluded reviews providing comparisons of performances across systems at a large scale. We review fisheries performance by analysing outcomes over 14 dimensions of environmental, economic and community performance using a unique global dataset for 145 fisheries collected with the Fishery Performance Indicators. The fisheries are ranked into three performance groups by an average of their environmental, economic and community scores: the 10% best fisheries, the 10% worst fisheries and the middle 80%. Furthermore, we investigate how four different types of management systems, catch shares, territorial use rights, limited entry and open access, are represented in the three performance groups. The best performing fisheries scored equally or better and the poorest performing fisheries scored equally or worse in environmental, economic and social dimensions. We found three different management systems to be represented among the best performing fisheries, indicating that no specific management system is best. Moreover, some management systems were represented in all three performance categories, indicating that fisheries characteristics or management designs are important elements of fishery performance. The worst performing fisheries were dominated by open access fisheries with no or very limited management.

Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learning - Marthe Mieling; Mushfa Yousuf; Nico Bunzeck; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; Susan Landau; Monica Rivera-Mindt; Leslie M. Shaw; Edward B. Lee; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD dementia patients. Features included structural MRI, CSF status, demographics, and genetic data. Analyses comprised one cross-sectional multi-class classification (CN vs. MCI vs. AD dementia, n = 568) and two longitudinal binary-class classifications (CN-to-MCI converters vs. CN stable, n = 92; MCI-to-AD converters vs. MCI stable, n = 378). All classifications achieved 70–77% accuracy and 61–83% precision. Key features were CSF status, hippocampal volume, entorhinal thickness, and amygdala volume, with a clear dissociation: hippocampal properties contributed to the conversion to MCI, while the entorhinal cortex characterized the conversion to AD dementia. The findings highlight explainable, trajectory-specific insights into AD progression.

The Volcanoes of the World database - Benjamin J. Andrews; Edward Venzke; Elizabeth Cottrell; Sally S. K. Sennert; Kadie L. Bennis; A. E. J. Crafford (Bulletin of Volcanology, 2025)

Ingestive behaviour, performance, and methane emissions of pregnant alpacas grazing cultivated pastures in the high Peruvian Andes - Laura B. Gualdrón-Duarte; Cecilia Loza; José I. Gere; Nancy F. Huanca-Marca; Francisco E. Franco; Yemi Sanca Uscamayta; Rubén García‐Ticllacuri; Guadalupe Orellana Ligas; Diannett Benito López; Feliciano Rivera Pachiño; Juan E. Moscoso-Muñoz; Medardo A. Díaz-Céspedes; et al. (Livestock Science, 2025)

Influence of wind on movement behaviour in Arctic grizzly bears - Julia L. Self; Ron R. Togunov; Mark A. Edwards; Andrew E. Derocher (Behavioural Processes, 2025)

Renin angiotensin system-induced muscle wasting: putative mechanisms and implications for clinicians - Baris Afsar; Rengin Elsurer Afsar; Yasar Caliskan; Krista L. Lentine; John C. Edwards (Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2025)
Renin angiotensin system (RAS) alters various mechanisms related to muscle wasting. The RAS system consists of classical and non-classical pathways, which mostly function differently. Classical RAS pathway, operates through angiotensin II (AngII) and angiotensin type 1 receptors, is associated with muscle wasting and sarcopenia. On the other hand, the non-classical RAS pathway, which operates through angiotensin 1–7 and Mas receptor, is protective against sarcopenia. The classical RAS pathway might induce muscle wasting by variety of mechanisms. AngII reduces body weight, via reduction in food intake, possibly by decreasing hypothalamic expression of orexin and neuropeptide Y, insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), signaling, AngII increases skeletal muscle proteolysis by forkhead box transcription factors (FOXO), caspase activation and muscle RING-finger protein-1 transcription. Furthermore, AngII infusion in skeletal muscle reduces phospho-Bad (Ser136) expression and induces apoptosis through increased cytochrome c release and DNA fragmentation. Additionally, Renin angiotensin system activation through AT1R and AngII stimulates tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 which induces muscle wasting, Last but not least classical RAS pathway, induce oxidative stress, disturb mitochondrial energy metabolism, and muscle satellite cells which all lead to muscle wasting and decrease muscle regeneration. On the contrary, the non-classical RAS pathway functions oppositely to mitigate these mechanisms and protects against muscle wasting. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of RAS-induced muscle wasting and putative implications for clinical practice. We also emphasize the areas of uncertainties and suggest potential research areas. Graphical abstract Classical and non-classical renin angiotensin systems (RAS) play opposing roles in muscle wasting. Classical RAS system operates through Angiotensin (Ang)I/ACE/AngII)/Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor (AT1R) and induces muscle wasting by mechanisms including inducing anorexia, ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS), apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, albuminuria, fibrosis (increasing transforming growth factor beta, connective tissue growth factor) and decrease insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling, vitamin D and satellite cell function. Non-classical RAS system operates through Angiotensin1/ACE2/Ang (1–7)/Mas Receptor and have opposite actions to classical RAS system and protects against muscle wasting.

Correction: Sequence Divergence in Venom Genes Within and Between Montane Pitviper (Viperidae: Crotalinae: Cerrophidion) Species is Driven by Mutation–Drift Equilibrium - Ramses Alejandro Rosales‑Garcia; Rhett M. Rautsaw; Erich P. Hofmann; Christoph I. Grünwald; Hector Franz‑Chavez; Ivan T. Ahumada‑Carrillo; Ricardo Ramirez‑Chaparro; Miguel Angel de la Torre‑Loranca; Jason L. Strickland; Andrew J. Mason; Matthew L. Holding; Miguel Borja; et al. (Journal of Molecular Evolution, 2025)

Investigating stocking density, culture duration, and the combination ratio of artificial feed and fresh feed for mangrove crab Scylla serrata megalopae reared in pond-based net cages - Pedrita A. Caballero; Veronica R. Alava; Kyle Dymer L. Regatalio; Rheniel Dayrit; Joseph P. Faisan; Roger Edward P. Mamauag; Mercedes M. Pates; Gaudioso S. Pates (Aquaculture International, 2025)

Eddy dipole differentially influences particle‐associated and water column protistan community composition - Jennifer L. Beatty; Brittany P. Stewart; Lisa Y. Mesrop; Edward F. DeLong; David M. Karl; David A. Caron (Limnology and Oceanography, 2025)
Ocean eddies are mesoscale features that can extend > 100 km and maintain cohesiveness for months, impacting planktonic community structure and water column biogeochemical cycles. Standing stocks of protists in the water column and on sinking particles were investigated using microscopy, in situ imagery, and metabarcoding across an anticyclonic to cyclonic eddy dipole in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre during July 2017. The water column was sampled from the surface to 500 m and particle interceptor traps were deployed at 150 m. Protistan assemblage composition varied substantially between sample type and analytical approach across the eddy dipole. Alveolates represented 63% of sequences from water samples. In contrast to water samples, rhizarian protists represented 79% of trap sequences obtained by metabarcoding of sediment trap material. Microscopy of trap material supported the important contribution of Rhizaria to sinking particles and revealed increased relative abundances of ciliates in the anticyclonic eddy and diatoms in the cyclonic eddy. In situ imagery confirmed the presence of relatively large Rhizaria that were not adequately assessed from water samples but contributed significantly to particle flux. Together, these data demonstrate differing perspectives of planktonic protistan community composition and contributions to sinking particles gained from the application of different sampling and analytic approaches. Our observations and analyses indicate a specific subset of the protistan community contributed disproportionately to organic matter downward export.

Multi‐Species Telemetry Quantifies Current and Future Efficacy of a Remote Marine Protected Area - Morgan E. Gilmour; Kydd Pollock; Josh Adams; Barbara A. Block; Jennifer E. Caselle; Alex Filous; Alan M. Friedlander; Edward T. Game; Elliott L. Hazen; Marie Hill; Nick D. Holmes; Kevin D. Lafferty; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2025)
Large‐scale marine protected areas (LSMPAs; > 1000 km 2 ) provide important refuge for large mobile species, but most do not encompass species' ranges. To better understand current and future LSMPA value, we concurrently tracked nine species (seabirds, cetaceans, pelagic fishes, manta rays, reef sharks) at Palmyra Atoll and Kingman Reef (PKMPA) in the U.S. Pacific Islands Heritage Marine National Monument. PKMPA and the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone encompassed 39% and 54% of species movements ( n = 83; tracking duration range: 0.5–350 days), respectively. Species distribution models indicated 73% of PKMPA contained highly suitable habitat. Under two projected future scenarios (SSP 1–2.6, “Sustainability”; SSP 3–7.0, “Rocky Road”), strong sea surface temperature gradients initially could cause abrupt oceanic change resulting in predicted habitat loss in 2040–2050, followed by an equilibrium response and regained habitat by 2090–2100. Current and future suitable habitats were available adjacent to PKMPA, suggesting that increased MPA size could enhance protection. Our three‐tiered approach combining animal tracking with publicly available remote sensing data and future projected environmental scenarios could be used to design, study, and monitor protected areas throughout the world. Holistic approaches that encompass diverse species and habitat use can enhance assessments of protected area designs. Animal telemetry and remote sensing may be helpful for ascertaining the extent to which other MPAs protect large mobile species in the future.

Warming Disrupts Plant–Fungal Endophyte Symbiosis More Severely in Leaves Than Roots - Joseph D. Edwards; Melanie R. Kazenel; Yiqi Luo; Joshua S. Lynn; Rebecca L. McCulley; Lara Souza; Carolyn Young; Jennifer A. Rudgers; Stephanie N. Kivlin (Global Change Biology, 2025)
Disruptions to functionally important symbionts with global change will negatively impact plant fitness, with broader consequences for species' abundances, distribution, and community composition. Fungal endophytes that live inside plant leaves and roots could potentially mitigate plant heat stress from global warming. Conversely, disruptions of these symbioses could exacerbate the negative impacts of warming. To better understand the consistency and strength of warming‐induced changes to fungal endophytes, we examined fungal leaf and root endophytes in three grassland warming experiments in the US ranging from 2 to 25 years and spanning 2000 km, 12°C of mean annual temperature, and 600 mm of precipitation. We found that experimental warming disrupted symbiosis between plants and fungal endophytes. Colonization of plant tissues by septate fungi decreased in response to warming by 90% in plant leaves and 35% in roots. Warming also reduced fungal diversity and changed community composition in plant leaves, but not roots. The strength, but not direction, of warming effects on fungal endophytes varied by up to 75% among warming experiments. Finally, warming decoupled fungal endophytes from host metabolism by decreasing the correlation between endophyte community and host metabolome dissimilarity. These effects were strongest in the shorter‐term experiment, suggesting endophyte‐host metabolome function may acclimate to warming over decades. Overall, warming‐driven disruption of fungal endophyte community structure and function suggests that this symbiosis may not be a reliable mechanism to promote plant resilience and ameliorate stress responses under global change.

Ability of new protected areas to counteract losses from downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement - Yanyun Yan; Song Ling Tan; Edward L. Webb; James E. M. Watson; L. Roman Carrasco (Conservation Biology, 2025)
Protected area downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement (PADDD) is a common occurrence. Although PADDD is expected to weaken biodiversity protection, PADDD offsets and new unrelated protected areas (PAs) could help restore representation of biodiversity features to the reserve network affected by PADDD. Globally, we analyzed 16 territories with terrestrial PADDD and 4 territories with marine PADDD from 2011 to 2020. Our objective was to evaluate whether PADDD offsets and new PAs could restore the PAs, key biodiversity areas (KBAs), ecoregions, and threatened amphibian, mammal, bird, and reptile species ranges where PADDD had occurred. In our studied territories, offsets of PADDD were rare (enacted in 3 [19%] terrestrial territories and one [25%] marine territory). One territory had PADDD losses that were compensated fully by PADDD offsets in terms of area coverage and ecoregions represented. All other territories failed to achieve compensation goals. In territories affected by PADDD, PADDD offsets and new PAs partially restored area representation (63%) and KBA coverage (57%). However, only 38% of ecoregion representation and 20%, 33%, 31%, and 21% of threatened amphibian, mammal, bird, and reptile representation, respectively, were restored. Overall, we found a large shortfall in PADDD offsets, even when unrelated PAs were included in the calculus. There is an urgent need to expand PADDD offsets and PAs to advance biodiversity conservation and achieve the Global Biodiversity Framework's 30×30 target. Future planning of newly enacted conservation areas needs to prioritize biodiversity conservation and consider the purpose of restoring reserve networks affected by PADDD, rather than solely focusing on areal targets.

Spatial variability of metal(loid) leaching from coastal colliery wastes under freshwater and saline water conditions - Catherine J. Gandy; Ian T. Burke; Patrick Byrne; Nick Cooper; Richard A. Crane; Karen A. Hudson-Edwards; William M. Mayes; Patrizia Onnis; Alex L. Riley; Adam P. Jarvis (Journal of Environmental Management, 2025)

Disruptive events in combustion of metal particles - Jonathan L. McNanna; Edward L. Dreizin (Fuel, 2025)

The function of love: A signaling-to-alternatives account of the commitment device hypothesis - Benjamin Gelbart; Kathryn V. Walter; Daniel Conroy-Beam; Casey Estorque; David M. Buss; Kelly Asao; Agnieszka Sorokowska; Piotr Sorokowski; Toivo Aavik; Grace Akello; Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba; Charlotte Alm; et al. (Evolution and Human Behavior, 2025)

Dust transport pathways from The Great Basin - Ronald S. Treminio; Nicholas P. Webb; Saroj Dhital; Akasha Faist; Beth Newingham; Colby Brungard; David DuBois; Brandon L. Edwards; Emily Kachergis (Aeolian Research, 2025)

In silico design of multi-epitope vaccine candidate based on structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus - Ella Mae Joy S. Sira; Edward C. Banico; Lauren Emily Fajardo; Nyzar Mabeth O. Odchimar; Kristina Marie Dela Cruz; Fredmoore L. Orosco (Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2025)

Spatial and temporal (annual and decadal) trends of metal(loid) concentrations and loads in an acid mine drainage-affected river - Elin Jennings; Patrizia Onnis; Rich Crane; Sean D.W. Comber; Patrick Byrne; Alex L. Riley; William M. Mayes; Adam P. Jarvis; Karen A. Hudson-Edwards (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Detection of a late autumn Karenia papilionacea bloom in Virginia, USA, coastal waters - Jennifer L. Wolny; Michelle C. Tomlinson; Todd A. Egerton; Leah A. Gibala-Smith; Chyna B. Law; Ellen Gortz; Emma W. Brooks; Edward B. Whereat; Margaret R. Mulholland (Harmful Algae, 2025)

Colourful Brazilian anurans are preferentially targeted by wildlife trade - Joseph L. Werling; Oscar Morton; David P. Edwards (Biological Conservation, 2025)

Risk of mortality in Fusobacterium species bloodstream infection from a large Australian cohort - Adam G. Stewart; Felicity Edwards; Patrick N. A. Harris; David L. Paterson; Kevin B. Laupland (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2025)

Super-Resolving and Denoising 4D flow MRI of Neurofluids Using Physics-Guided Neural Networks - Neal M. Patel; Emily R. Bartusiak; Sean M. Rothenberger; A. J. Schwichtenberg; Edward J. Delp; Vitaliy L. Rayz (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2025)

Light buckets and laser beams: mechanisms and applications of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy - David W. Frankowski; Luigi Ferrucci; Praveen R. Arany; Dawn Bowers; Janis T. Eells; Francisco Gonzalez-Lima; Nicole L. Lohr; Brendan J. Quirk; Harry T. Whelan; Edward G. Lakatta (GeroScience, 2025)
Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, a non-thermal light therapy using nonionizing light sources, has shown therapeutic potential across diverse biological processes, including aging and age-associated diseases. In 2023, scientists from the National Institute on Aging (NIA) Intramural and Extramural programs convened a workshop on the topic of PBM to discuss various proposed mechanisms of PBM action, including the stimulation of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase, modulation of cell membrane transporters and receptors, and the activation of transforming growth factor-β1. They also reviewed potential therapeutic applications of PBM across a range of conditions, including cardiovascular disease, retinal disease, Parkinson’s disease, and cognitive impairment. Workshop participants largely agreed that PBM holds immense potential as a safe and effective therapeutic approach for a wide range of age-related diseases and cognitive decline. While further research is needed to fully elucidate its mechanisms and optimize treatment protocols, the findings presented at the NIA workshop provide strong evidence for the continued investigation and clinical translation of this promising, inexpensive, safe technology, to aging and age-associated diseases. Here, we review the research presented and discussion held at the meeting. In addition, the text has been updated, where applicable, with recent research findings that have been made since the meeting occurred.

The effect of Position and Availability interventions on adolescents’ food choice: An online experimental study - Katie L. Edwards; Jacqueline Blissett; James P. Reynolds (Appetite, 2025)

A phylogenomic tree of wood-warblers (Aves: Parulidae): Dealing with good, bad, and ugly samples - Min Zhao; Jessica A. Oswald; Julie M. Allen; Hannah L. Owens; Peter A. Hosner; Robert P. Guralnick; Edward L. Braun; Rebecca T. Kimball (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2025)

Coffee, Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signaling Pathway, and Prostate Cancer: A Prospective Study in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study - Rui Song; Konrad H. Stopsack; Junkun Ren; Lorelei A. Mucci; Steven K. Clinton; Massimo Loda; Molin Wang; Edward L. Giovannucci; Kathryn M. Wilson; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2025)

Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Advanced and Aggressive Forms of Prostate Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 15 Prospective Cohort Studies - Elkhansa Sidahmed; Stephen J. Freedland; Molin Wang; Kana Wu; Demetrius Albanes; Matt Barnett; Piet A. van den Brandt; Michael B. Cook; Graham G. Giles; Edward Giovannucci; Christopher A. Haiman; Susanna C. Larsson; et al. (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2025)

Weekend Backpack Program Tailored for Ethnic and Dietary Food Preferences: Nutrition Quality, Program Usage, and Parent Satisfaction - Jiwoo Lee; Lisa J. Harnack; Lindsey Torkilsen; Rose Bauer; Rebecca L. Freese; Winnie Yip; Maryah S. Fram; Edward A. Frongillo (Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 2025)

Carbon recovery in secondary forests: Insights from three West African countries - Paly N. Titenwi; Moses N. Sainge; Usif Kargbo; Richard A.S. Kamara; Alex Musa; Timothy M. Kabba; Bockarie K. Buanie; Andre L. Njouonkou; Edward Aruna; Martin J.P. Sullivan; Ana Leite; Aida Cuni-Sanchez (Forest Ecology and Management, 2025)

Controls on spatial variation in porewater methane concentrations across United States tidal wetlands - Erika L. Koontz; Sarah M. Parker; Alice E. Stearns; Brian J. Roberts; Caitlin M. Young; Lisamarie Windham-Myers; Patricia Y. Oikawa; J. Patrick Megonigal; Genevieve L. Noyce; Edward J. Buskey; R. Kyle Derby; Robert P. Dunn; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Analytical tools to assess polymer biodegradation: A critical review and recommendations - Matthew Colachis; Jacob L. Lilly; Edward Trigg; Katarzyna H. Kucharzyk (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Investigating the chemical space coverage of multiple chromatographic and ionization methods using non-targeted analysis on surface and drinking water collected using passive sampling - Angela L. Batt; Laura D. Brunelle; Natalia S. Quinete; Eva K. Stebel; Brian Ng; Piero Gardinali; Alex Chao; Anna K. Huba; Susan T. Glassmeyer; David A. Alvarez; Dana W. Kolpin; Edward T. Furlong; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Formation of vertical columnar seismic structures and seafloor depressions by groundwater discharge in the drowned Miami Terrace platform and overlying deep-water carbonates, southeastern Florida - Kevin J. Cunningham; Richard L. Westcott; Sean Norgard; Edward Robinson; Harry J. Dowsett; Marci M. Robinson (Marine Geology, 2024)

Is beudantite a stable host phase of arsenic and lead? New insights from molecular-scale kinetic analyses - A.S.M. Fazle Bari; Girish Choppala; Dane Lamb; Jessica L. Hamilton; CI Sathish; Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman; Ravi Naidu; Robert Aughterson; Edward D. Burton (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2024)

Global survey of paleo-bedforms on Mars - Matthew Chojnacki; Lori K. Fenton; Lauren A. Edgar; Mackenzie Day; Christopher S. Edwards; Aaron R. Weintraub; Amber L. Gullikson; Matt W. Telfer (Geomorphology, 2024)

Thiolated hyper-crosslinked tetraphenylborate with tunable selectivity for sequential recovery of Pd and Pt from autocatalyst leachate - Erwin C. Escobar; John Edward L. Sio; Atul A. Pawar; Gebremedhn T. Gebremichael; Negasi T. Weldesemat; Hern Kim; Wook-Jin Chung; Grace M. Nisola (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024)

A comprehensive analysis of new particle formation across the northwest Atlantic: Analysis of ACTIVATE airborne data - Soodabeh Namdari; Taiwo Ajayi; Yonghoon Choi; Ewan C. Crosbie; Joshua P. DiGangi; Glenn S. Diskin; Simon Kirschler; Hongyu Liu; John B. Nowak; Michael A. Shook; Cassidy Soloff; Kenneth L. Thornhill; et al. (Atmospheric Environment, 2024)

A Transcriptomic Comparative Study of Cranial Vasculature - Jianing Zhang; Jee-Yeon Ryu; Selena-Rae Tirado; Lawrence D. Dickinson; Aviva Abosch; M. Ali Aziz-Sultan; Alan S. Boulos; Daniel L. Barrow; H. Hunt Batjer; Tamar R. Binyamin; Spiros L. Blackburn; Edward F. Chang; et al. (Translational Stroke Research, 2024)

Greenland summer blocking characteristics: an evaluation of a high-resolution multi-model ensemble - Linh N. Luu; Edward Hanna; Dilkushi de Alwis Pitts; Jacob Maddison; James A. Screen; Jennifer L. Catto; Xavier Fettweis (Climate Dynamics, 2024)
Atmospheric blocking is a phenomenon that can lead to extreme weather events over a large region, yet its causes are not fully understood. Global climate models show limitations in representing Northern Hemisphere blocking, especially its frequency, and decadal variability in Greenland blocking in summer in the recent decades. In this study we evaluate the ability of high-resolution (HighResMIP) Earth System Models (ESMs) to simulate summer blocking over the Greenland area, using different but complementary methods to describe the characteristics of blocking. We find that the HighResMIP ensemble can reproduce the spatial pattern of Greenland blocking events, albeit with systematic biases, and capture the relative frequencies of the main blocking patterns: namely the wave breaking structure, North Atlantic ridge, and omega-type blocking. However, the HighResMIP ensemble fails to simulate the observed temporal variations of Greenland blocking index (GB2) and the extremely high values of daily GB2 observed in recent decades. In addition, we do not find clearly superior representation of blocking features from higher-resolution in HighResMIP models compared with lower-resolution models. We also find large sea surface temperature (SST) biases over the North Atlantic and seas surrounding Greenland, and biases in moisture transport over the North Atlantic toward Greenland, especially over the western flank of blocking areas, which might together contribute to model biases in the representation of blocking magnitude.

Place-based climate commissions: embracing messy governmentality - C. Howarth; L. Edwards; A. Duncan; D. Van der Horst; R. Pringle (Climatic Change, 2024)
The role of the ‘place’ in delivering climate action is vital, however much action on climate change locally is fragmented. Independent place-based climate commissions are a novel structure of climate governance developing at the subnational level across cities, regions and counties in the UK. Little is known about these emerging forms of local climate governance and their experiences of navigating ‘mess’ in governance practices and processes. Building on Castán Broto’s framework of messy governmentalities, this paper seeks to assess the capacity of climate commissions to affect meaningful climate mitigation and adaptation action, to understand how they interact with existing climate governance structures and to consider their longer-term sustainability. This paper examines the nature and impact climate commissions have had on local climate action, drawing on qualitative interviews with chairs, commissioners, members of the secretariat and associated local authorities of the Edinburgh, Belfast, Leeds, Surrey, Yorkshire and Humber, and Lincoln commissions in the UK. Analysing the journeys of the commissions through a lens of messy governmentalities, and a focus on bodies, strategies and knowledges within them, we draw out insights on how climate commissions came about, their function and role, their impact and influence, and how they have evolved.

An evaluation of different approaches for estimating shear velocity in aeolian research studies - Pei Zhang; Brandon L. Edwards; Nicholas P. Webb; Andrew Trautz; John A. Gillies; Nancy P. Ziegler; Justin W. Van Zee (Aeolian Research, 2024)

Interactions between antibiotic removal, water matrix characteristics and layered double hydroxide sorbent material - Amy-Louise Johnston; Edward Lester; Orla Williams; Rachel L. Gomes (Chemosphere, 2024)

Differences in parental behaviour, emotions, and cognitions between children's eating profiles - Katie L. Edwards; Abigail Pickard; Claire Farrow; Emma Haycraft; Moritz Herle; Clare Llewellyn; Helen Croker; Jacqueline Blissett (Appetite, 2024)

Improving monitoring network design to detect leaks at hazardous facilities: Lessons from a CO2 storage site - Hyoun-Tae Hwang; Sung-Wook Jeen; Seong-Sun Lee; Seung-Wook Ha; Steven J. Berg; Killian L. Miller; Edward A. Sudicky; Kang-Kun Lee (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

New perspectives on ice forcing in continental arc magma plumbing systems - Brad S. Singer; Pablo Moreno-Yaeger; Meredith Townsend; Christian Huber; Joshua Cuzzone; Benjamin R. Edwards; Matias Romero; Yasmeen Orellana-Salazar; Shaun A. Marcott; Rachel E. Breunig; Ken L. Ferrier; Kathryn Scholz; et al. (Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2024)

Assessing impacts of observations on ocean circulation models with examples from coastal, shelf, and marginal seas - Christopher A. Edwards; Pierre De Mey-Frémaux; Bàrbara Barceló-Llull; Guillaume Charria; Byoung-Ju Choi; George R. Halliwell; Lars R. Hole; Colette Kerry; Vassiliki H. Kourafalou; Alexander L. Kurapov; Andrew M. Moore; Baptiste Mourre; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
Ocean observing systems in coastal, shelf and marginal seas collect diverse oceanographic information supporting a wide range of socioeconomic needs, but observations are necessarily sparse in space and/or time due to practical limitations. Ocean analysis and forecast systems capitalize on such observations, producing data-constrained, four-dimensional oceanographic fields. Here we review efforts to quantify the impact of ocean observations, observing platforms, and networks of platforms on model products of the physical ocean state in coastal regions. Quantitative assessment must consider a variety of issues including observation operators that sample models, error of representativeness, and correlated uncertainty in observations. Observing System Experiments, Observing System Simulation Experiments, representer functions and array modes, observation impacts, and algorithms based on artificial intelligence all offer methods to evaluate data-based model performance improvements according to metrics that characterize oceanographic features of local interest. Applications from globally distributed coastal ocean modeling systems document broad adoption of quantitative methods, generally meaningful reductions in model-data discrepancies from observation assimilation, and support for assimilation of complementary data sets, including subsurface in situ observation platforms, across diverse coastal environments.

Comparing the effects of various fluid resuscitative strategies on Glycocalyx damage in a canine hemorrhage model - Alan J. Weaver; Emilee C. Venn; Rebekah Ford; Nicole Ewer; Kim E. Hildreth; Charnae E. Williams; Christina E. Duncan; Cheresa L. Calhoun; Lonnie E. Grantham; Guillaume L. Hoareau; Thomas H. Edwards (The Veterinary Journal, 2024)

Impact of endophyte-infected tall fescue seed consumption on endocrine changes associated with intake regulation and post-absorptive metabolism in growing steers - Mindy E. King; Hannah M. Herzing; Kyle R. McLeod; James L. Klotz; Andrew P. Foote; J. Lannett Edwards; David L. Harmon (Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 2024)

Manipulation of Farmed Wetlands Increases use by Migrating Shorebirds and Ducks - Dustin L. Toy; Michael J. Anteau; Aaron T. Pearse; Edward S. DeKeyser; David C. Roberts (Wetlands, 2024)
The Drift Prairie, in central North America, has been largely converted from grasslands to croplands, but still contains thousands of wetlands used by shorebirds and waterfowl during breeding and migration periods. Consequently, many of the remaining wetlands are situated within cropland where disturbance regimes (i.e., fire, grazing, and water-level dynamics), which occurred naturally prior to agricultural development, have been highly altered by landscape fragmentation from agriculture practices. Currently, smaller wetlands within crop fields are subject to disturbances stemming from agricultural practices (i.e., manipulations), such as burning, disking, harvesting, and mowing. We evaluated vegetation structure of idled (i.e., not recently manipulated by farming practices) and manipulated agricultural wetlands to investigate whether management method or resulting vegetation structure had greater influence on occurrence probabilities and densities of dabbling ducks and shorebirds during spring. All manipulation methods reduced vegetation heights compared to idled wetlands and most manipulations reduced the proportion of vegetation cover in inundated areas. Wetland manipulations generally increased shorebird occurrence compared to idled wetlands, whereas vegetation variables better explained duck occurrence probabilities. Duck occurrence peaked in wetlands with lower vegetation coverage (32%), and duck densities decreased as vegetation coverage increased beyond 10%. While more studies are needed to understand underlying mechanisms driving these outcomes, our results indicate that including periodic disturbances that reduce dense vegetation within wetlands in agricultural fields would increase their use by migrating and breeding shorebirds and dabbling ducks.

The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2023 Annual Report - Adrienne Hughes; Alexandra Amaducci; Sharan L. Campleman; Shao Li; Mari Costantini; Meghan B. Spyres; Hannah Spungen; Jessica Kent; Alyssa Falise; Rachel Culbreth; Paul M. Wax; Jeffery Brent; et al. (Journal of Medical Toxicology, 2024)

Defining an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome: International Consensus Statement - Emma Short; Ian M. Adcock; Bilal Al-Sarireh; Ann Ager; Ramzi Ajjan; Naveed Akbar; Michael A. Akeroyd; Ghada Alsaleh; Ghada Al-Sharbatee; Kambiz Alavian; Winfried Amoaku; Julie Andersen; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
Around the world, individuals are living longer, but an increased average lifespan does not always equate to an increased health span. With advancing age, the increased prevalence of ageing-related diseases can have a significant impact on health status, functional capacity and quality of life. It is therefore vital to develop comprehensive classification and staging systems for ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndromes. This will allow societies to better identify, quantify, understand and meet the healthcare, workforce, well-being and socioeconomic needs of ageing populations, whilst supporting the development and utilisation of interventions to prevent or to slow, halt or reverse the progression of ageing-related pathologies. The foundation for developing such classification and staging systems is to define the scope of what constitutes an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome. To this end, a consensus meeting was hosted by the International Consortium to Classify Ageing-Related Pathologies (ICCARP), on February 19, 2024, in Cardiff, UK, and was attended by 150 recognised experts. Discussions and voting were centred on provisional criteria that had been distributed prior to the meeting. The participants debated and voted on these. Each criterion required a consensus agreement of ≥ 70% for approval. The accepted criteria for an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome were (1) develops and/or progresses with increasing chronological age; (2) should be associated with, or contribute to, functional decline or an increased susceptibility to functional decline and (3) evidenced by studies in humans. Criteria for an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome have been agreed by an international consortium of subject experts. These criteria will now be used by the ICCARP for the classification and ultimately staging of ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndromes.

Human recombinant interleukin-6 improves the morphological quality of cryopreserved in vitro produced bovine blastocysts - Mary A. Oliver; Savannah L. Speckhart; J. Lannett Edwards; Michelle L. Rhoads; Alan D. Ealy (Theriogenology, 2024)

Moche chronology of ancient Peru: Bayesian assessment of radiocarbon dates and ceramic styles from north to south - Michele L. Koons; Branden Cesare Rizzuto; Lisa Trever; Alicia Boswell; Augusto Bazán Pérez; Luis A. Muro Ynoñán; Gabriel Prieto; Carlos Rengifo; Kayeleigh Sharp; Edward Swenson; Hugo Ikehara-Tsukayama; Jessica Ortiz Zevallos; et al. (Quaternary International, 2024)

In-situ observations of resident space objects with the CHEOPS space telescope - Nicolas Billot; Stephan Hellmich; Willy Benz; Andrea Fortier; David Ehrenreich; Christopher Broeg; Alexis Heitzmann; Anja Bekkelien; Alexis Brandeker; Yann Alibert; Roi Alonso; Tamas Bárczy; et al. (Journal of Space Safety Engineering, 2024)

Long-term mercury accumulation and climate reconstruction of an Australian alpine lake during the late Quaternary - Margot Aurel Schneider; Larissa Schneider; Haidee Cadd; Zoë A. Thomas; Antonio Martinez-Cortizas; Simon Edward Connor; Georgia L. Stannard; Simon Graeme Haberle (Global and Planetary Change, 2024)

Tarda and Tagish Lake: Samples from the same outer Solar System asteroid and implications for D- and P-type asteroids - Devin L. Schrader; Edward A. Cloutis; Daniel M. Applin; Jemma Davidson; Zachary A. Torrano; Dionysis Foustoukos; Conel M. O'D. Alexander; Kenneth J. Domanik; Moe Matsuoka; Tomoki Nakamura; Thomas J. Zega; Gregory A. Brennecka; et al. (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2024)

Combustion of solid fuels containing boron, borides, and boron based composites in a solid fuel ramjet - Chase Leuchtmann; Dominic F. Gallegos; Gregory Young; Mirko Schoenitz; Edward L. Dreizin (Fuel, 2024)

Spherical solid fuel particles combining boron and polytetrafluoroethylene - Purvam Mehulkumar Gandhi; Ashley Castillo; Mirko Schoenitz; Edward L. Dreizin (Fuel, 2024)

Proximity Labelling Confirms the Involvement of Papain-Like Cysteine Proteases and Chaperones in Cyclotide Biosynthesis - Meng-Han Lee; Mark A. Jackson; Fabian B. H. Rehm; Deborah S. Barkauskas; Wing L. Ho; Kuok Yap; David J. Craik; Edward K. Gilding (Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 2024)
Cyclotides are disulfide-rich insecticidal peptides from plants that harbour a cyclic cystine knot motif that imparts them with high stability. Like most ribosomally encoded peptides, cyclotides are produced as precursor proteins that are subsequently processed to maturity through proteolytic activity. Although the final maturation of the prototypic cyclotide kalata B1 (kB1) is known to involve asparaginyl endopeptidases, the role of the in planta folding machinery is less well characterized, as is also the case for in planta N-terminal processing enzyme(s). Here, we used proximity labelling to identify proteins involved in the biosynthesis of kB1 in both a cyclotide-bearing plant species, Petunia × hybrida [Regel], and in Nicotiana benthamiana [Domin] that does not naturally produce cyclotides. Together, several ER resident chaperones, protein disulfide isomerases, a papain-like cysteine protease, and an asparaginyl endopeptidase were identified in the kB1 interactome. We found that overexpression of the identified papain-like cysteine protease resulted in an improvement in the yield of cyclic kB1, while this was not the case for the overexpression of protein disulfide isomerases, despite their interaction being verified using bimolecular fluorescence complementation. Together, these results provide a significant advance in our understanding of the role of auxiliary biosynthetic elements for heterologous cyclotide production in plants.

Praxelis cleggiae (Compositae: Eupatorieae: Praxeliinae), a new species from the granite inselbergs in the east of the Departamento de Santa Cruz, Bolivia - D. J. Nicholas Hind; Sara L. Edwards (Kew Bulletin, 2024)
Summary Praxelis cleggiae (Compositae: Eupatorieae: Praxeliinae) is described and illustrated from the granite inselbergs (upon which it is most common), and on road crown chippings on old roads, in the Departamento de Santa Cruz, Bolivia; it has a disjunct distribution and is also found on the Serranía San Simón, in the San Ignacio Schist belt, Departamento de Beni. Material of this species was mostly determined as P. insignis (Malme) R.M.King & H.Rob., a Brazilian species, described from the metamorphosed sandstone of what is now the Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães in Mato Grosso State. The two species have some superficial resemblance, but differ significantly in plant size, internode length (relative to leaf length), branching, leaf shape and size, phyllaries, achenes and pappus. The total number of species of Praxelis recognised in Bolivia is now seven, and 20 species in the genus worldwide.

A 561-yr (1461-2022 CE) summer temperature reconstruction for Mid-Atlantic-Northeast USA shows connections to volcanic forcing and atmospheric circulation - Grant L. Harley; Justin T. Maxwell; Karen E. King; Shelly A. Rayback; Edward R. Cook; Christopher Hansen; R. Stockton Maxwell; Frederick Reinig; Jan Esper; Tsun Fung Au; Ellen V. Bergan; Katherine E. Brings; et al. (Climatic Change, 2024)
Contextualizing current increases in Northern Hemisphere temperatures is precluded by the short instrumental record of the past ca. 120 years and the dearth of temperature-sensitive proxy records, particularly at lower latitudes south of <50 °N. We develop a network of 29 blue intensity chronologies derived from tree rings of Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière and Picea rubens Sarg. trees distributed across the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast USA (MANE)—a region underrepresented by multi-centennial temperature records. We use this network to reconstruct mean March-September air temperatures back to 1461 CE based on a model that explains 62% of the instrumental temperature variance from 1901−1976 CE. Since 1998 CE, MANE summer temperatures are consistently the warmest within the context of the past 561 years exceeding the 1951−1980 mean of +1.3 °C. Cool summers across MANE were frequently volcanically forced, with significant ( p <0.05) temperature departures associated with 80% of the largest tropical ( n =13) and extratropical ( n =15) eruptions since 1461 CE. Yet, we find that more of the identified cool events in the record were likely unforced by volcanism and either related to stochastic variability or atmospheric circulation via significant associations ( p <0.05) to regional, coastal sea-surface temperatures, 500-hpa geopotential height, and 300-hpa meridional and zonal wind vectors. Expanding the MANE network to the west and south and combining it with existing temperature-sensitive proxies across North America is an important next step toward producing a gridded temperature reconstruction field for North America.

Pseudomonas stutzeri bloodstream infection is a prevailing community-onset disease with important mortality rates: results from a retrospective observational study in Australia - Juan P. Horcajada; Felicity Edwards; Silvia Fonio; Milagro Montero; Patrick Harris; David L. Paterson; Kevin B. Laupland (Infectious Diseases, 2024)

Sustainable mining in tropical, biodiverse landscapes: Environmental challenges and opportunities in the archipelagic Philippines - Justine Perry T. Domingo; Gawen R.T. Jenkin; Laura Quick; Richard D. Williams; Karen A. Hudson-Edwards; Cecilia Tortajada; Patrick Byrne; Tom J. Coulthard; Jenielyn T. Padrones; Rich Crane; Cris Reven L. Gibaga; Grigorios Vasilopoulos; et al. (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2024)

Nitrogen fertilizer and plant density affect maize residue quantity and quality more than previous crop and genotype - Alejo Ruiz; Jode W. Edwards; Michael J. Castellano; Brenda L. Gambin; Mark A. Licht; Kenneth J. Moore; Sotirios V. Archontoulis (European Journal of Agronomy, 2024)

Longitudinal relationships between depressive symptoms, functional impairment, and physical activity in later late life - Lisa Y. Xiong; Madeline Wood Alexander; Hugo Cogo-Moreira; Che-Yuan Wu; Michael Eid; Nathan Herrmann; Damien Gallagher; Jodi D. Edwards; Krista L. Lanctôt; Susan Marzolini; David A. Bennett; Jennifer S. Rabin; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Examining parents’ experiences and challenges of feeding preschool children with avid eating behaviour - Katie L. Edwards; Jacqueline Blissett; Helen Croker; Claire Farrow; Moritz Herle; Alice Kininmonth; Clare Llewellyn; Abigail Pickard; Emma Haycraft (Appetite, 2024)

Impact of distinct cognitive domains on gait variability in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia - Edward Ofori; Ferdinand Delgado; Dara L. James; Jeffrey Wilken; Laura M. Hancock; Glen M. Doniger; Mark Gudesblatt (Experimental Brain Research, 2024)

Deliberately introduced dung beetles in A ustralia: 12 years of occurrence and abundance records from 2001 to 2022 - Jacob D. Berson; Penelope B. Edwards; T. James Ridsdill‐Smith; Christopher K. Taylor; Daniel J. Anderson; Nigel R. Andrew; Russell A. Barrow; David A. Cousins; Robert N. Emery; Laura L. Fagan; Rhiannon M. Foster; Lucas G. Harwood; et al. (Ecology, 2024)
Since 1968, the Australian Dung Beetle Project has carried out field releases of 43 deliberately introduced dung beetle species for the biological control of livestock dung and dung‐breeding pests. Of these, 23 species are known to have become established. For most of these species, sufficient time has elapsed for population expansion to fill the extent of their potential geographic range through both natural and human‐assisted dispersal. Consequently, over the last 20 years, extensive efforts have been made to quantify the current distribution of these introduced dung beetles, as well as the seasonal and spatial variation in their activity levels. Much of these data and their associated metadata have remained unpublished, and they have not previously been synthesized into a cohesive dataset. Here, we collate and report data from the three largest dung beetle monitoring projects from 2001 to 2022. Together, these projects encompass data collected from across Australia, and include records for all 23 species of established dung beetles introduced for biocontrol purposes. In total, these data include 22,718 presence records and 213,538 absence records collected during 10,272 sampling events at 546 locations. Most presence records (97%) include abundance data. In total, 1,752,807 dung beetles were identified as part of these data. The distributional occurrence and abundance data can be used to explore questions such as factors influencing dung beetle species distributions, dung beetle biocontrol, and insect‐mediated ecosystem services. These data are provided under a CC‐BY‐NC 4.0 license and users are encouraged to cite this data paper when using the data.

Environmental behaviour of iron and steel slags in coastal settings - Alex L. Riley; James Cameron; Ian T. Burke; Patrizia Onnis; John M. MacDonald; Catherine J. Gandy; Richard A. Crane; Patrick Byrne; Sean Comber; Adam P. Jarvis; Karen A. Hudson-Edwards; William M. Mayes (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2024)
Iron and steel slags have a long history of both disposal and beneficial use in the coastal zone. Despite the large volumes of slag deposited, comprehensive assessments of potential risks associated with metal(loid) leaching from iron and steel by-products are rare for coastal systems. This study provides a national-scale overview of the 14 known slag deposits in the coastal environment of Great Britain (those within 100 m of the mean high-water mark), comprising geochemical characterisation and leaching test data (using both low and high ionic strength waters) to assess potential leaching risks. The seaward facing length of slag deposits totalled at least 76 km, and are predominantly composed of blast furnace (iron-making) slags from the early to mid-20th Century. Some of these form tidal barriers and formal coastal defence structures, but larger deposits are associated with historical coastal disposal in many former areas of iron and steel production, notably the Cumbrian coast of England. Slag deposits are dominated by melilite phases (e.g. gehlenite), with evidence of secondary mineral formation (e.g. gypsum, calcite) indicative of weathering. Leaching tests typically show lower element (e.g. Ba, V, Cr, Fe) release under seawater leaching scenarios compared to deionised water, largely ascribable to the pH buffering provided by the former. Only Mn and Mo showed elevated leaching concentrations in seawater treatments, though at modest levels (<3 mg/L and 0.01 mg/L, respectively). No significant leaching of potentially ecotoxic elements such as Cr and V (mean leachate concentrations <0.006 mg/L for both) were apparent in seawater, which micro-X-Ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (μXANES) analysis show are both present in slags in low valence (and low toxicity) forms. Although there may be physical hazards posed by extensive erosion of deposits in high-energy coastlines, the data suggest seawater leaching of coastal iron and steel slags in the UK is likely to pose minimal environmental risk.

Where the rubber meets the road: Emerging environmental impacts of tire wear particles and their chemical cocktails - Paul M. Mayer; Kelly D. Moran; Ezra L. Miller; Susanne M. Brander; Stacey Harper; Manuel Garcia-Jaramillo; Victor Carrasco-Navarro; Kay T. Ho; Robert M. Burgess; Leah M. Thornton Hampton; Elise F. Granek; Margaret McCauley; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Steppe-tundra composition and deglacial floristic turnover in interior Alaska revealed by sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) - Charlotte L. Clarke; Peter D. Heintzman; Youri Lammers; Alistair J. Monteath; Nancy H. Bigelow; Joshua D. Reuther; Ben A. Potter; Paul D.M. Hughes; Inger G. Alsos; Mary E. Edwards (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2024)

Detrending tree-ring widths in closed-canopy forests for climate and disturbance history reconstructions - Daniel L. Druckenbrod; Edward R. Cook; Neil Pederson; Dario Martin-Benito (Dendrochronologia, 2024)