Super-Resolving and Denoising 4D flow MRI of Neurofluids Using Physics-Guided Neural Networks - Neal M. Patel; Emily R. Bartusiak; Sean M. Rothenberger; A. J. Schwichtenberg; Edward J. Delp; Vitaliy L. Rayz (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2025)

Systematic conservation prioritization with the prioritizr R package - Jeffrey O. Hanson; Richard Schuster; Matthew Strimas‐Mackey; Nina Morrell; Brandon P. M. Edwards; Peter Arcese; Joseph R. Bennett; Hugh P. Possingham (Conservation Biology, 2025)
Plans for expanding protected area systems (prioritizations) need to fulfill conservation objectives. They also need to account for other factors, such as economic feasibility and anthropogenic land‐use requirements. Although prioritizations are often generated with decision support tools, most tools have limitations that hinder their use for decision‐making. We outlined how the prioritizr R package ( https://prioritizr.net ) can be used for systematic conservation prioritization. This decision support tool provides a flexible interface to build conservation planning problems. It can leverage a variety of commercial (e.g., Gurobi) and open‐source (e.g., CBC and SYMPHONY) exact algorithm solvers to identify optimal solutions in a short period. It is also compatible with a variety of spatially explicit (e.g., ESRI Shapefile, GeoTIFF) and nonspatial tabular (e.g., Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet) data formats. Additionally, it provides functionality for evaluating prioritizations, such as assessing the relative importance of different places selected by a prioritization. To showcase the prioritizr R package, we applied it to a case study based in Washington state (United States) for which we developed a prioritization to improve protected area coverage of native avifauna. We accounted for land acquisition costs, existing protected areas, places that might not be suitable for protected area establishment, and spatial fragmentation. We also conducted a benchmark analysis to examine the performance of different solvers. The prioritization identified 12,400 km 2 of priority areas for increasing the percentage of species’ distributions covered by protected areas. Although open source and commercial solvers were able to quickly solve large‐scale conservation planning problems, commercial solvers were required for complex, large‐scale problems.. The prioritizr R package is available on the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN). In addition to reserve selection, it can inform habitat restoration, connectivity enhancement, and ecosystem service provisioning. It has been used in numerous conservation planning exercises to inform best practices and aid real‐world decision‐making.

Improving compliance around protected areas through fair administration of rules - Harriet Ibbett; Leejiah Dorward; Julia P. G. Jones; Edward M. Kohi; Asri A. Dwiyahreni; Stephen Sankeni; Karlina Prayitno; Jesca Mchomvu; Joseph Kaduma; Andie Wijaya Saputra; Ika Yuni Agustin; Tyassanti Tryswidiarini; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2025)
Protected area management often depends heavily on law enforcement to secure compliance with rules. However, this can contribute to conflict between protected area authorities and local people, negatively affecting both human well‐being and conservation outcomes. Compliance is affected by many factors, including whether those who enforce rules are perceived to do so fairly, as well as the perceived rule‐related behavior of others. We used factorial survey experiments to explore how fair respondents living around protected areas in Indonesia and Tanzania perceive sanctions distributed by law enforcers to be. We presented scenarios to respondents to assess how crime type, offender characteristics, and corruption influenced their judgments regarding the fairness of administered sanctions. We also assessed how descriptive norms and corruption influenced individuals’ willingness to obey protected area rules. Data were collected from 229 people in Indonesia and 217 in Tanzania. Results showed that in both locations, lawful sanctions, such as arrests or warnings, were perceived as fairer, and sanctions that involved corruption were perceived as least fair. Attitudes toward protected area rules, corruption, and descriptive norms all influenced people's willingness to comply, whereas multidimensional poverty did not. Our results highlight the need for conservation policy and practice to move beyond narratives that focus on the need for more law enforcement. To improve protected area compliance and secure better outcomes for people and nature, conservation must focus on ensuring the fair administration of rules and enhancing the legitimacy of rules themselves.

Co-occurrence and correlation of arsenic, cadmium, and lead in processed foods intended for infants and young children: evaluation of two statistical approaches adapted to censored data and their implications for risk management - Sarah I. Murphy; Régis Pouillot; Marc Boyer; Sherri Dennis; Eileen Abt; Patrick Gray; Dwayne Jarman; Edward Nyambok; Jane M. Van Doren (Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 2025)

Assessing the spatial variability of cage movement and velocity attenuation of an off-bottom oyster farm and its influence on eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) growth performance - Brendan Campbell; Cassie Gurbisz; Jeremy M. Testa; Edward Hale; Matthew W. Gray (Aquaculture, 2025)

Active faulting of the southern segment of the Rhine River Fault, southern Germany: Geomorphological and paleoseismological evidence - Sara Pena-Castellnou; Jochen Hürtgen; Stéphane Baize; Hervé Jomard; Edward M. Cushing; Wahid Abbas; Klaus Reicherter (Quaternary International, 2025)

A phylogenomic tree of wood-warblers (Aves: Parulidae): Dealing with good, bad, and ugly samples - Min Zhao; Jessica A. Oswald; Julie M. Allen; Hannah L. Owens; Peter A. Hosner; Robert P. Guralnick; Edward L. Braun; Rebecca T. Kimball (Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2025)

Coffee, Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signaling Pathway, and Prostate Cancer: A Prospective Study in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study - Rui Song; Konrad H. Stopsack; Junkun Ren; Lorelei A. Mucci; Steven K. Clinton; Massimo Loda; Molin Wang; Edward L. Giovannucci; Kathryn M. Wilson; Stephanie A. Smith-Warner (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2025)

Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Advanced and Aggressive Forms of Prostate Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of 15 Prospective Cohort Studies - Elkhansa Sidahmed; Stephen J. Freedland; Molin Wang; Kana Wu; Demetrius Albanes; Matt Barnett; Piet A. van den Brandt; Michael B. Cook; Graham G. Giles; Edward Giovannucci; Christopher A. Haiman; Susanna C. Larsson; et al. (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2025)

Obstacles to implementing indigenous knowledge in climate change adaptation in Africa - Walter Leal Filho; Johannes M. Lütz; Edmond Totin; Desalegn Ayal; Edward Mendy (Journal of Environmental Management, 2025)

Examining the risk mitigation strategies of farm households in Ghana: The role of community water resources - Edward Martey; Prince M. Etwire; Collins Asante-Addo; Francis Addeah Darko; Mustapha M. Suraj (Journal of Environmental Management, 2025)

Climate controls on speleothem initial 234U/238U ratios in midlatitude settings over two glacial cycles - Carlos Pérez-Mejías; Jian Wang; Youfeng Ning; Ana Moreno; Antonio Delgado-Huertas; R. Lawrence Edwards; Hai Cheng; Heather M. Stoll (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2025)

Carbon recovery in secondary forests: Insights from three West African countries - Paly N. Titenwi; Moses N. Sainge; Usif Kargbo; Richard A.S. Kamara; Alex Musa; Timothy M. Kabba; Bockarie K. Buanie; Andre L. Njouonkou; Edward Aruna; Martin J.P. Sullivan; Ana Leite; Aida Cuni-Sanchez (Forest Ecology and Management, 2025)

Prevalence and genomic characteristics of becAB-carrying Clostridium perfringens strains - Mingjin Fang; Yuan Yuan; Edward M. Fox; Ke Wu; Xin Tian; Likun Zhang; Hang Feng; Ruichao Li; Li Bai; Xinglong Wang; Zengqi Yang; Rong Zhang; et al. (Food Microbiology, 2025)

Numeric ring-reconstructions based on massifs favor a non-oblique south pole-Aitken-forming impact event - Hannes Bernhardt; Jessica M. Walsh; Leon M. Schröder; Jaclyn D. Clark; Megan R. Henriksen; Christopher S. Edwards (Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2025)

Patterns of siderophore production and utilization at Station ALOHA from the surface to mesopelagic waters - Randelle M. Bundy; Lauren E. Manck; Daniel J. Repeta; Matthew J. Church; Nicholas J. Hawco; Rene M. Boiteau; Jiwoon Park; Edward F. DeLong; Mak A. Saito (Limnology and Oceanography, 2025)
The North Pacific subtropical gyre is a globally important contributor to carbon uptake despite being a persistently oligotrophic ecosystem. Supply of the micronutrient iron to the upper ocean varies seasonally to episodically, and when coupled with rapid biological consumption, results in low iron concentrations. In this study, we examined changes in iron uptake rates, along with siderophore concentrations and biosynthesis potential at Station ALOHA across time (2013–2016) and depth (surface to 500 m) to observe changes in iron acquisition and internal cycling by the microbial community. The genetic potential for siderophore biosynthesis was widespread throughout the upper water column, and biosynthetic gene clusters peaked in spring and summer along with siderophore concentrations, suggesting changes in nutrient delivery, primary production, and carbon export seasonally impact iron acquisition. Dissolved iron turnover times, calculated from iron‐amended experiments in surface (15 m) and mesopelagic (300 m) waters, ranged from 9 to 252 d. The shortest average turnover times at both depths were associated with inorganic iron additions (14 9 d) and the longest with iron bound to strong siderophores (148 225 d). Uptake rates of siderophore‐bound iron were faster in mesopelagic waters than in the surface, leading to high Fe : C uptake ratios of heterotrophic bacteria in the upper mesopelagic. The rapid cycling and high demand for iron at 300 m suggest differences in microbial metabolism and iron acquisition in the mesopelagic compared to surface waters. Together, changes in siderophore production and consumption over the seasonal cycle suggest organic carbon availability impacts iron cycling at Station ALOHA.

Canopy complexity drives positive effects of tree diversity on productivity in two tree diversity experiments - Catherine Fahey; Dennis Choi; Jianmin Wang; Grant M. Domke; Joseph D. Edwards; Songlin Fei; Stephanie N. Kivlin; Elizabeth A. LaRue; Melissa K. McCormick; William J. McShea; Richard P. Phillips; Jamie Pullen; et al. (Ecology, 2025)
Forest canopy complexity (i.e., the three‐dimensional structure of the canopy) is often associated with increased species diversity as well as high primary productivity across natural forests. However, canopy complexity, tree diversity, and productivity are often confounded in natural forests, and the mechanisms of these relationships remain unclear. Here, we used two large tree diversity experiments in North America to assess three hypotheses: (1) increasing tree diversity leads to increased canopy complexity, (2) canopy complexity is positively related to tree productivity, and (3) the relationship between tree diversity and tree productivity is indirect and driven by the positive effects of canopy complexity. We found that increasing tree diversity from monocultures to mixtures of 12 species increases canopy complexity and productivity by up to 71% and 73%, respectively. Moreover, structural equation modeling indicates that the effects of tree diversity on productivity are indirect and mediated primarily by changes in internal canopy complexity. Ultimately, we suggest that increasing canopy complexity can be a major mechanism by which tree diversity enhances productivity in young forests.

Challenges to and importance of considering early and intermediate ontogenetic stages in mangrove forest recovery and restoration - Taylor M. Sloey; Sean P. Charles; Lin Xiong; Edward Castañeda-Moya; Erik S. Yando; David Lagomasino (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2024)

Subsurface basement structures of the Usangu basin, East African rift system, with implications for basin structural configuration and hydrocarbon potential - Edward Pastory; Gabriel D. Mulibo; Isaac M. Marobhe (Tectonophysics, 2024)

Controls on spatial variation in porewater methane concentrations across United States tidal wetlands - Erika L. Koontz; Sarah M. Parker; Alice E. Stearns; Brian J. Roberts; Caitlin M. Young; Lisamarie Windham-Myers; Patricia Y. Oikawa; J. Patrick Megonigal; Genevieve L. Noyce; Edward J. Buskey; R. Kyle Derby; Robert P. Dunn; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Deployment-invariant probability of detection characterization for aerial LiDAR methane detection - Michael J. Thorpe; Aaron Kreitinger; Dominic T. Altamura; Cameron D. Dudiak; Bradley M. Conrad; David R. Tyner; Matthew R. Johnson; Jason K. Brasseur; Peter A. Roos; William M. Kunkel; Asa Carre-Burritt; Jerry Abate; et al. (Remote Sensing of Environment, 2024)

Formation of vertical columnar seismic structures and seafloor depressions by groundwater discharge in the drowned Miami Terrace platform and overlying deep-water carbonates, southeastern Florida - Kevin J. Cunningham; Richard L. Westcott; Sean Norgard; Edward Robinson; Harry J. Dowsett; Marci M. Robinson (Marine Geology, 2024)

Metabolomic profiling identifies signatures and biomarkers linking air pollution to dementia risk: A prospective cohort study - Fei Tian; Yuhua Wang; Zhenhe Huang; Aaron M. Qian; Chongjian Wang; Lei Tan; Stephen Edward McMillin; Chad Abresch; Zilong Zhang; Hualiang Lin (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2024)

Micro-level welfare effects of integrated soil fertility management in Northern Ghana - Edward Martey; Prince M. Etwire; John K.M. Kuwornu; Mustapha M. Suraj (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2024)

Investigating the enzymatic response of Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) Infection: A Comprehensive study - Abarna V.P.; Muthuswami M.; Jeyarajan Nelson S; Johnson Thangaraj Edward Y.S.; Manikanda Boopathi N.; Anita B.; Jeya Sundara Sharmila D. (Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 2024)

Advancing equitable value chains for the global hydrogen economy - Kathleen M. Kennedy; Maria A. Borrero; Morgan R. Edwards; Patrick O'Rourke; Nathan E. Hultman; Kavita Surana (Energy and Climate Change, 2024)

Thiolated hyper-crosslinked tetraphenylborate with tunable selectivity for sequential recovery of Pd and Pt from autocatalyst leachate - Erwin C. Escobar; John Edward L. Sio; Atul A. Pawar; Gebremedhn T. Gebremichael; Negasi T. Weldesemat; Hern Kim; Wook-Jin Chung; Grace M. Nisola (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024)

A Transcriptomic Comparative Study of Cranial Vasculature - Jianing Zhang; Jee-Yeon Ryu; Selena-Rae Tirado; Lawrence D. Dickinson; Aviva Abosch; M. Ali Aziz-Sultan; Alan S. Boulos; Daniel L. Barrow; H. Hunt Batjer; Tamar R. Binyamin; Spiros L. Blackburn; Edward F. Chang; et al. (Translational Stroke Research, 2024)

Influence of Rivers, Tides, and Tidal Wetlands on Estuarine Carbonate System Dynamics - Fei Da; Marjorie A. M. Friedrichs; Pierre St-Laurent; Raymond G. Najjar; Elizabeth H. Shadwick; Edward G. Stets (Estuaries and Coasts, 2024)
Variations in estuarine carbonate chemistry can have critical impacts on marine calcifying organisms, yet the drivers of this variability are difficult to quantify from observations alone, due to the strong spatiotemporal variability of these systems. Terrestrial runoff and wetland processes vary year to year based on local precipitation, and estuarine processes are often strongly modulated by tides. In this study, a 3D-coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model is used to quantify the controls on the carbonate system of a coastal plain estuary, specifically the York River estuary. Experiments were conducted both with and without tidal wetlands. Results show that on average, wetlands account for 20–30% of total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) fluxes into the estuary, and double-estuarine CO 2 outgassing. Strong quasi-monthly variability is driven by the tides and causes fluctuations between net heterotrophy and net autotrophy. On longer time scales, model results show that in wetter years, lower light availability decreases primary production relative to biological respiration (i.e., greater net heterotrophy) resulting in substantial increases in CO 2 outgassing. Additionally, in wetter years, advective exports of DIC and TA to the Chesapeake Bay increase by a factor of three to four, resulting in lower concentrations of DIC and TA within the estuary. Quantifying the impacts of these complex drivers is not only essential for a better understanding of coastal carbon and alkalinity cycling, but also leads to an improved assessment of the health and functioning of coastal ecosystems both in the present day and under future climate change.

Mature fruits of Gliricidia sepium and Leucaena leucocephala plants have potential as inexpensive protein and mineral supplements for ruminants - Andell Edwards; Victor Mlambo; Caven M. Mnisi; Martin P. Hughes (Agroforestry Systems, 2024)

Traumatic brain injury in companion animals: Pathophysiology and treatment - Molly Wart; Thomas H. Edwards; Julie A. Rizzo; Geoffrey W. Peitz; Armi Pigott; Jonathan M. Levine; Nicholas D. Jeffery (Topics in Companion Animal Medicine, 2024)

Nutrition, pesticide exposure, and virus infection interact to produce context-dependent effects in honey bees (Apis mellifera) - Edward M. Hsieh; Adam G. Dolezal (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

New perspectives on ice forcing in continental arc magma plumbing systems - Brad S. Singer; Pablo Moreno-Yaeger; Meredith Townsend; Christian Huber; Joshua Cuzzone; Benjamin R. Edwards; Matias Romero; Yasmeen Orellana-Salazar; Shaun A. Marcott; Rachel E. Breunig; Ken L. Ferrier; Kathryn Scholz; et al. (Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2024)

Assessing impacts of observations on ocean circulation models with examples from coastal, shelf, and marginal seas - Christopher A. Edwards; Pierre De Mey-Frémaux; Bàrbara Barceló-Llull; Guillaume Charria; Byoung-Ju Choi; George R. Halliwell; Lars R. Hole; Colette Kerry; Vassiliki H. Kourafalou; Alexander L. Kurapov; Andrew M. Moore; Baptiste Mourre; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
Ocean observing systems in coastal, shelf and marginal seas collect diverse oceanographic information supporting a wide range of socioeconomic needs, but observations are necessarily sparse in space and/or time due to practical limitations. Ocean analysis and forecast systems capitalize on such observations, producing data-constrained, four-dimensional oceanographic fields. Here we review efforts to quantify the impact of ocean observations, observing platforms, and networks of platforms on model products of the physical ocean state in coastal regions. Quantitative assessment must consider a variety of issues including observation operators that sample models, error of representativeness, and correlated uncertainty in observations. Observing System Experiments, Observing System Simulation Experiments, representer functions and array modes, observation impacts, and algorithms based on artificial intelligence all offer methods to evaluate data-based model performance improvements according to metrics that characterize oceanographic features of local interest. Applications from globally distributed coastal ocean modeling systems document broad adoption of quantitative methods, generally meaningful reductions in model-data discrepancies from observation assimilation, and support for assimilation of complementary data sets, including subsurface in situ observation platforms, across diverse coastal environments.

Comparison of Juvenile Pacific Salmon abundance, distribution, and body condition between Western and Eastern Bering Sea using spatiotemporal models - Aleksey Somov; Edward V. Farley; Ellen M. Yasumiishi; Megan V. McPhee (Fisheries Research, 2024)

A sustainable blue economy may not be possible in Tanzania without cutting emissions - Ana M. Queirós; Elizabeth Talbot; Flower E. Msuya; Baraka Kuguru; Narriman Jiddawi; Shigalla Mahongo; Yohana Shaghude; Christopher Muhando; Elias Chundu; Zoe Jacobs; Sevrine Sailley; Elina A. Virtanen; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Potential of nature-based solutions to reduce antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance, and pathogens in aquatic ecosystems. a critical review - Edward J. Pastor-López; Mònica Escolà; Vaidotas Kisielius; Carlos A. Arias; Pedro N. Carvalho; Ana M. Gorito; Sandra Ramos; Vânia Freitas; Laura Guimarães; C. Marisa R. Almeida; Jochen A. Müller; Eberhard Küster; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

High resolution luminescence and radiocarbon dating of Holocene Aeolian silt (loess) in west Greenland - D. Sechi; T. Stevens; P. Hällberg; R.H. Smittenberg; M. Molnár; G.T. Kertész; J.P. Buylaert; R. Schneider; C. Edward; Keld Romer Rasmussen; Niels Aage Tvis Knudsen; S. Andreucci; et al. (Quaternary Geochronology, 2024)

Impact of endophyte-infected tall fescue seed consumption on endocrine changes associated with intake regulation and post-absorptive metabolism in growing steers - Mindy E. King; Hannah M. Herzing; Kyle R. McLeod; James L. Klotz; Andrew P. Foote; J. Lannett Edwards; David L. Harmon (Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 2024)

The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2023 Annual Report - Adrienne Hughes; Alexandra Amaducci; Sharan L. Campleman; Shao Li; Mari Costantini; Meghan B. Spyres; Hannah Spungen; Jessica Kent; Alyssa Falise; Rachel Culbreth; Paul M. Wax; Jeffery Brent; et al. (Journal of Medical Toxicology, 2024)

Mutagenesis on a complex mouse genetic background by site-specific nucleases - Benjamin Davies; Lucy Trelfa; Victoria S. Rashbrook; Edward Drydale; Rachel Martin; Boyan Bai; Jedrzej Golebka; Daniel Stephen Biggs; Keith M. Channon; Shoumo Bhattacharya; Gillian Douglas (Transgenic Research, 2024)
Mouse models with complex genetic backgrounds are increasingly used in preclinical research to accurately model human disease and to enable temporal and cell-specific evaluation of genetic manipulations. Backcrossing mice onto these complex genetic backgrounds takes time and leads to significant wastage of animals. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether site-specific nucleases could be used to generate additional genetic mutations in a complex genetic background, using the REVERSA mouse model of atherosclerosis, a model harbouring four genetically altered alleles. The model is comprised of a functional null mutation in the Ldlr gene in combination with a ApoB100 allele, which, after high-fat diet, leads to the rapid development of atherosclerosis. The regression of the pathology is achieved by inducible knock-out of the Mttp gene. Here we report an investigation to establish if microinjection of site-specific nucleases directly into zygotes prepared from the REVERSA could be used to investigate the role of the ATP binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) in atherosclerosis regression. We show that using this approach we could successfully generate two independent knockout lines on the REVERSA background, both of which exhibited the expected phenotype of a significant reduction in cholesterol efflux to HDL in bone marrow-derived macrophages. However, loss of Abcg1 did not impact atherosclerosis regression in either the aortic root or in aortic arch, demonstrating no important role for this transporter subtype. We have demonstrated that site-specific nucleases can be used to create genetic modifications directly onto complex disease backgrounds and can be used to explore gene function without the need for laborious backcrossing of independent strains, conveying a significant 3Rs advantage.

Defining an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome: International Consensus Statement - Emma Short; Ian M. Adcock; Bilal Al-Sarireh; Ann Ager; Ramzi Ajjan; Naveed Akbar; Michael A. Akeroyd; Ghada Alsaleh; Ghada Al-Sharbatee; Kambiz Alavian; Winfried Amoaku; Julie Andersen; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
Around the world, individuals are living longer, but an increased average lifespan does not always equate to an increased health span. With advancing age, the increased prevalence of ageing-related diseases can have a significant impact on health status, functional capacity and quality of life. It is therefore vital to develop comprehensive classification and staging systems for ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndromes. This will allow societies to better identify, quantify, understand and meet the healthcare, workforce, well-being and socioeconomic needs of ageing populations, whilst supporting the development and utilisation of interventions to prevent or to slow, halt or reverse the progression of ageing-related pathologies. The foundation for developing such classification and staging systems is to define the scope of what constitutes an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome. To this end, a consensus meeting was hosted by the International Consortium to Classify Ageing-Related Pathologies (ICCARP), on February 19, 2024, in Cardiff, UK, and was attended by 150 recognised experts. Discussions and voting were centred on provisional criteria that had been distributed prior to the meeting. The participants debated and voted on these. Each criterion required a consensus agreement of ≥ 70% for approval. The accepted criteria for an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome were (1) develops and/or progresses with increasing chronological age; (2) should be associated with, or contribute to, functional decline or an increased susceptibility to functional decline and (3) evidenced by studies in humans. Criteria for an ageing-related pathology, disease or syndrome have been agreed by an international consortium of subject experts. These criteria will now be used by the ICCARP for the classification and ultimately staging of ageing-related pathologies, diseases and syndromes.

Moche chronology of ancient Peru: Bayesian assessment of radiocarbon dates and ceramic styles from north to south - Michele L. Koons; Branden Cesare Rizzuto; Lisa Trever; Alicia Boswell; Augusto Bazán Pérez; Luis A. Muro Ynoñán; Gabriel Prieto; Carlos Rengifo; Kayeleigh Sharp; Edward Swenson; Hugo Ikehara-Tsukayama; Jessica Ortiz Zevallos; et al. (Quaternary International, 2024)

In-situ observations of resident space objects with the CHEOPS space telescope - Nicolas Billot; Stephan Hellmich; Willy Benz; Andrea Fortier; David Ehrenreich; Christopher Broeg; Alexis Heitzmann; Anja Bekkelien; Alexis Brandeker; Yann Alibert; Roi Alonso; Tamas Bárczy; et al. (Journal of Space Safety Engineering, 2024)

Tarda and Tagish Lake: Samples from the same outer Solar System asteroid and implications for D- and P-type asteroids - Devin L. Schrader; Edward A. Cloutis; Daniel M. Applin; Jemma Davidson; Zachary A. Torrano; Dionysis Foustoukos; Conel M. O'D. Alexander; Kenneth J. Domanik; Moe Matsuoka; Tomoki Nakamura; Thomas J. Zega; Gregory A. Brennecka; et al. (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2024)

The evolution of multiply substituted isotopologues of methane during microbial aerobic oxidation - Jiawen Li; Beverly K. Chiu; Alison M. Piasecki; Xiahong Feng; Joshua D. Landis; Sarah Marcum; Edward D. Young; William D. Leavitt (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2024)

Ecological shock and time poverty: Evidence from northern Ghana - Edward Martey; Prince M. Etwire; Kwabena Krah (Environmental Development, 2024)

Wind dispersed tree species have greater maximum height - Ferry Slik; Bruno X. Pinho; Daniel M. Griffith; Edward Webb; Akhilesh Singh Raghubanshi; Adriano C. Quaresma; Aida Cuni Sanchez; Aisha Sultana; Alexandre F. Souza; Andreas Ensslin; Andreas Hemp; Andrew Lowe; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2024)
Aim We test the hypothesis that wind dispersal is more common among emergent tree species given that being tall increases the likelihood of effective seed dispersal. Location Americas, Africa and the Asia‐Pacific. Time period 1970–2020. Major taxa studied Gymnosperms and Angiosperms. Methods We used a dataset consisting of tree inventories from 2821 plots across three biogeographic regions (Americas, Africa and Asia‐Pacific), including dry and wet forests, to determine the maximum height and dispersal strategy of 5314 tree species. A web search was used to determine whether species were wind‐dispersed. We compared differences in tree species maximum height between biogeographic regions and examined the relationship between species maximum height and wind dispersal using logistic regression. We also tested whether emergent tree species, that is species with at least one individual taller than the 95% height percentile in one or more plots, were disproportionally wind‐dispersed in dry and wet forests within each biogeographic region. Results Our dataset provides maximum height values for 5314 tree species, of which more than half (2914) had no record of this trait in existing global databases. We found that, on average, tree species in the Americas have lower maximum heights compared to those in Africa and the Asia Pacific. The probability of wind dispersal increased significantly with tree species maximum height and was significantly higher among emergent than non‐emergent tree species in both dry and wet forests in all three biogeographic regions. Main conclusion Wind dispersal is more prevalent in tall, emergent tree species than in non‐emergent species and may thus be an important factor in the evolution of tree species maximum height. By providing the most comprehensive dataset so far of tree species maximum height and wind dispersal strategies, this study paves the way for advancing our understanding of the eco‐evolutionary drivers of tree size.

Bioenergetic mapping of ‘healthy microbiomes’ via compound processing potential imprinted in gut and soil metagenomes - Craig Liddicoat; Robert A. Edwards; Michael Roach; Jake M. Robinson; Kiri Joy Wallace; Andrew D. Barnes; Joel Brame; Anna Heintz-Buschart; Timothy R. Cavagnaro; Elizabeth A. Dinsdale; Michael P. Doane; Nico Eisenhauer; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Sustainable mining in tropical, biodiverse landscapes: Environmental challenges and opportunities in the archipelagic Philippines - Justine Perry T. Domingo; Gawen R.T. Jenkin; Laura Quick; Richard D. Williams; Karen A. Hudson-Edwards; Cecilia Tortajada; Patrick Byrne; Tom J. Coulthard; Jenielyn T. Padrones; Rich Crane; Cris Reven L. Gibaga; Grigorios Vasilopoulos; et al. (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2024)

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella from retail meat in California - Bakytzhan Bolkenov; Katie Y. Lee; Edward R. Atwill; Maurice Pitesky; Maribel Rickard; Melody Hung-Fan; Marzieh Shafii; Kurtis Lavelle; Anny Huang; Jade Sebti; Macie M. Tanaka; Xiang Yang; et al. (International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2024)

Subglacial bedform and moat initiation beneath Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica - Rebecca Schlegel; Alex M. Brisbourne; Andrew M. Smith; Adam D. Booth; Tavi Murray; Edward C. King; Roger A. Clark (Geomorphology, 2024)

Mercury from Icelandic geothermal activity: High enrichments in soils, low emissions to the atmosphere - Brock A. Edwards; Peter M. Outridge; Feiyue Wang (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2024)

Pyrrhotites in asteroid 162173 Ryugu: Records of the initial changes on their surfaces with aqueous alteration - Hiroharu Yui; Shu-hei Urashima; Morihiko Onose; Mayu Morita; Shintaro Komatani; Izumi Nakai; Yoshinari Abe; Yasuko Terada; Hisashi Homma; Kazuko Motomura; Kiyohiro Ichida; Tetsuya Yokoyama; et al. (Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2024)

Development of facultative air breathing in bristlenose plecos (Ancistrus cirrhosus) - Lauren W. Crowder; Edward M. Dzialowski (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2024)

Emotional and functional well-being in long-term breast cancer survivorship - Yumeng Ren; Joanna Maselko; Xianming Tan; Andrew F. Olshan; Angela M. Stover; Antonia V. Bennett; Katherine E. Reeder-Hayes; Jessie K. Edwards; Bryce B. Reeve; Melissa A. Troester; Marc A. Emerson (Cancer Causes & Control, 2024)

Developmental and therapeutic implications of IL4ra expression for rhabdomyosarcoma - David W. Edwards; Gabrielle M. Kroepfl; Jacob M. Jackson; Sonja Chen; Lisa Hudson-Price; Ganapati Srinivasa; Kavya Kannan; Qianqian Liu; Joel E. Michalek; Charles Keller (Transgenic Research, 2024)

Hyphenation of supercritical fluid chromatography and trapped ion mobility-mass spectrometry for quantitative lipidomics - Johannes Scholz; Edward Rudt; Anna Gremme; Carina M. Gaßmöller (née Wienken); Julia Bornhorst; Heiko Hayen (Analytica Chimica Acta, 2024)

Resistance response of yellow maize inbreds and F1 crosses against Philippine downy mildew [Peronosclerospora philippinensis (Weston) C.G. Shaw] - Eliza Vie M. Simon-Ada; Jay-Vee S. Mendoza; Edward Cedrick J. Fernandez; John Paolo P. Nuñez; Fe M. Dela Cueva; Anand Noel C. Manohar; Roanne R. Gardoce; Tonette P. Laude; Darlon V. Lantican (Crop Protection, 2024)

Estimating the scope, scale, and contribution of direct seafood marketing to the United States seafood sector - Sahir Advani; Jeffrey K. O’Hara; Sarah M. Shoffler; Patricia Pinto da Silva; Juan Agar; JuliAnna Arnett; Lilian Brislen; Matthew Cutler; Abigail Harley; Justin Hospital; Karma Norman; Edward Ragland; et al. (Marine Policy, 2024)

Comparing the effects of packaging normal-pH and atypical dark-cutting beef in modified atmosphere conditions on surface color - Keayla M. Harr; Noah Jewell; Jade Edwards; Sunil More; Gretchen G. Mafi; Morgan Pfeiffer; Ranjith Ramanathan (Meat Science, 2024)

Drinking water sources, quality, and associated health outcomes in Appalachian Virginia: A risk characterization study in two counties - Alasdair Cohen; Md Rasheduzzaman; Bethesda O'Connell; Teresa Brown; Mami Taniuchi; Leigh-Anne Krometis; Alan Hubbard; Phillip Scheuerman; Marc Edwards; Amanda Darling; Blaine Pennala; Sarah Price; et al. (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2024)

Nitrogen fertilizer replacement value of stockpiled and rotted dairy cattle manures for corn (Zea mays L.) from a long-term study - Bao-Luo Ma; Chang Liang; Edward G. Gregorich; Neil B. McLaughlin; Malcolm J. Morrison; Lianne M. Dwyer (Field Crops Research, 2024)

Fostering effective and sustainable scientific collaboration and knowledge exchange: a workshop-based approach to establish a national ecological observatory network (NEON) domain-specific user group - Alison Donnelly; Ankur R. Desai; Katherine A. Heckman; Lucas E. Nave; Michael J. Cramer; Marie Faust; Peter Weishampel; Caleb Slemmons; Christian G. Andresen; Edward Ayres; Stacy R. Cotey; Kathryn M. Docherty; et al. (International Journal of Biometeorology, 2024)
The decision to establish a network of researchers centers on identifying shared research goals. Ecologically specific regions, such as the USA’s National Ecological Observatory Network’s (NEON’s) eco-climatic domains, are ideal locations by which to assemble researchers with a diverse range of expertise but focused on the same set of ecological challenges. The recently established Great Lakes User Group (GLUG) is NEON’s first domain specific ensemble of researchers, whose goal is to address scientific and technical issues specific to the Great Lakes Domain 5 (D05) by using NEON data to enable advancement of ecosystem science. Here, we report on GLUG’s kick off workshop, which comprised lightning talks, keynote presentations, breakout brainstorming sessions and field site visits. Together, these activities created an environment to foster and strengthen GLUG and NEON user engagement. The tangible outcomes of the workshop exceeded initial expectations and include plans for (i) two journal articles (in addition to this one), (ii) two potential funding proposals, (iii) an assignable assets request and (iv) development of classroom activities using NEON datasets. The success of this 2.5-day event was due to a combination of factors, including establishment of clear objectives, adopting engaging activities and providing opportunities for active participation and inclusive collaboration with diverse participants. Given the success of this approach we encourage others, wanting to organize similar groups of researchers, to adopt the workshop framework presented here which will strengthen existing collaborations and foster new ones, together with raising greater awareness and promotion of use of NEON datasets. Establishing domain specific user groups will help bridge the scale gap between site level data collection and addressing regional and larger ecological challenges.

Impact of distinct cognitive domains on gait variability in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia - Edward Ofori; Ferdinand Delgado; Dara L. James; Jeffrey Wilken; Laura M. Hancock; Glen M. Doniger; Mark Gudesblatt (Experimental Brain Research, 2024)

Trophic strategies of picoeukaryotic phytoplankton vary over time and with depth in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre - Kyle F. Edwards; Yoshimi M. Rii; Qian Li; Logan M. Peoples; Matthew J. Church; Grieg F. Steward (Environmental Microbiology, 2024)
In oligotrophic oceans, the smallest eukaryotic phytoplankton are both significant primary producers and predators of abundant bacteria such as Prochlorococcus . However, the drivers and consequences of community dynamics among these diverse protists are not well understood. Here, we investigated how trophic strategies along the autotrophy‐mixotrophy spectrum vary in importance over time and across depths at Station ALOHA in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. We combined picoeukaryote community composition from a 28‐month time‐series with traits of diverse phytoplankton isolates from the same location, to examine trophic strategies across 13 operational taxonomic units and 8 taxonomic classes. We found that autotrophs and slower‐grazing mixotrophs tended to prevail deeper in the photic zone, while the most voracious mixotrophs were relatively abundant near the surface. Within the mixed layer, there was greater phagotrophy when conditions were most stratified and when Chl a concentrations were lowest, although the greatest temporal variation in trophic strategy occurred at intermediate depths (45–100 m). Dynamics at this site are consistent with previously described spatial patterns of trophic strategies. The success of relatively phagotrophic phytoplankton at shallower depths in the most stratified waters suggests that phagotrophy is a competitive strategy for acquiring nutrients when energy from light is plentiful.

Deliberately introduced dung beetles in A ustralia: 12 years of occurrence and abundance records from 2001 to 2022 - Jacob D. Berson; Penelope B. Edwards; T. James Ridsdill‐Smith; Christopher K. Taylor; Daniel J. Anderson; Nigel R. Andrew; Russell A. Barrow; David A. Cousins; Robert N. Emery; Laura L. Fagan; Rhiannon M. Foster; Lucas G. Harwood; et al. (Ecology, 2024)
Since 1968, the Australian Dung Beetle Project has carried out field releases of 43 deliberately introduced dung beetle species for the biological control of livestock dung and dung‐breeding pests. Of these, 23 species are known to have become established. For most of these species, sufficient time has elapsed for population expansion to fill the extent of their potential geographic range through both natural and human‐assisted dispersal. Consequently, over the last 20 years, extensive efforts have been made to quantify the current distribution of these introduced dung beetles, as well as the seasonal and spatial variation in their activity levels. Much of these data and their associated metadata have remained unpublished, and they have not previously been synthesized into a cohesive dataset. Here, we collate and report data from the three largest dung beetle monitoring projects from 2001 to 2022. Together, these projects encompass data collected from across Australia, and include records for all 23 species of established dung beetles introduced for biocontrol purposes. In total, these data include 22,718 presence records and 213,538 absence records collected during 10,272 sampling events at 546 locations. Most presence records (97%) include abundance data. In total, 1,752,807 dung beetles were identified as part of these data. The distributional occurrence and abundance data can be used to explore questions such as factors influencing dung beetle species distributions, dung beetle biocontrol, and insect‐mediated ecosystem services. These data are provided under a CC‐BY‐NC 4.0 license and users are encouraged to cite this data paper when using the data.

Swimming Performance Assessments of Fish Species of Greatest Conservation Need to Inform Future Stream Crossing Designs in Texas - Cameron M. Emadi; Preston T. Bean; Edward M. Mager (Fishes, 2024)
Conventional structures associated with stream crossings such as bridges and culverts can lead to zones of high-velocity water flow that impede fish passage. Such obstacles are likely to harm native fish populations by impacting migrations critical to their life history strategies, causing habitat fragmentation and extirpation, thereby limiting population growth and distribution. Due to the high rates of human population growth and development occurring in Texas, this is an issue of particular concern for fish designated as species of greatest conservation need (SGCN). This project focused on four SGCN fishes native to the Edwards Plateau Ecoregion, namely the Guadalupe Bass, Guadalupe Roundnose Minnow, Guadalupe Darter, and Plateau Shiner, at both adult (all species) and juvenile (Guadalupe Bass only) life stages. Our primary aim was to aid in the design of future culverts associated with stream crossings (or the modification of existing culverts) so that the water velocities through these structures do not exceed the swimming capacities of our target SGCN fishes. To this end, we assessed their maximum sustained swimming speeds (Ucrit) under a typical range of Edwards Plateau stream temperatures (15, 22.5, and 30 °C) to be used in site-specific calculations of the maximum allowable culvert water velocities (Vf). A secondary objective was to collect physiological endpoints of relevance to the overall swimming performance including the maximum burst swimming speeds (Umax), metabolic rate measurements (i.e., standard metabolic rate (SMR), maximum metabolic rate (MMR), and aerobic scope (AS)), cost of transport (COT), and optimal swimming speed (Uopt). Temperature-related effects were observed that can be used to inform site-specific culvert designs. In general, the highest Ucrit values for the tested species were near, or possibly between, 22.5 and 30 °C, while Umax stayed relatively consistent among treatments.

Environmental behaviour of iron and steel slags in coastal settings - Alex L. Riley; James Cameron; Ian T. Burke; Patrizia Onnis; John M. MacDonald; Catherine J. Gandy; Richard A. Crane; Patrick Byrne; Sean Comber; Adam P. Jarvis; Karen A. Hudson-Edwards; William M. Mayes (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2024)
Iron and steel slags have a long history of both disposal and beneficial use in the coastal zone. Despite the large volumes of slag deposited, comprehensive assessments of potential risks associated with metal(loid) leaching from iron and steel by-products are rare for coastal systems. This study provides a national-scale overview of the 14 known slag deposits in the coastal environment of Great Britain (those within 100 m of the mean high-water mark), comprising geochemical characterisation and leaching test data (using both low and high ionic strength waters) to assess potential leaching risks. The seaward facing length of slag deposits totalled at least 76 km, and are predominantly composed of blast furnace (iron-making) slags from the early to mid-20th Century. Some of these form tidal barriers and formal coastal defence structures, but larger deposits are associated with historical coastal disposal in many former areas of iron and steel production, notably the Cumbrian coast of England. Slag deposits are dominated by melilite phases (e.g. gehlenite), with evidence of secondary mineral formation (e.g. gypsum, calcite) indicative of weathering. Leaching tests typically show lower element (e.g. Ba, V, Cr, Fe) release under seawater leaching scenarios compared to deionised water, largely ascribable to the pH buffering provided by the former. Only Mn and Mo showed elevated leaching concentrations in seawater treatments, though at modest levels (<3 mg/L and 0.01 mg/L, respectively). No significant leaching of potentially ecotoxic elements such as Cr and V (mean leachate concentrations <0.006 mg/L for both) were apparent in seawater, which micro-X-Ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (μXANES) analysis show are both present in slags in low valence (and low toxicity) forms. Although there may be physical hazards posed by extensive erosion of deposits in high-energy coastlines, the data suggest seawater leaching of coastal iron and steel slags in the UK is likely to pose minimal environmental risk.

Photogrammetry scans for neuroanatomy education - a new multi-camera system: technical note - André S. B. Oliveira; Luciano C. P. C. Leonel; Megan M. J. Bauman; Alessandro De Bonis; Edward R. LaHood; Stephen Graepel; Michael J. Link; Carlos D. Pinheiro-Neto; Nirusha Lachman; Jonathan M. Morris; Maria Peris-Celda (Neuroinformatics, 2024)

Where the rubber meets the road: Emerging environmental impacts of tire wear particles and their chemical cocktails - Paul M. Mayer; Kelly D. Moran; Ezra L. Miller; Susanne M. Brander; Stacey Harper; Manuel Garcia-Jaramillo; Victor Carrasco-Navarro; Kay T. Ho; Robert M. Burgess; Leah M. Thornton Hampton; Elise F. Granek; Margaret McCauley; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Catalytic production of light Olefins: Perspective and prospective - Naif S. Almuqati; Afrah M. Aldawsari; Khalid N. Alharbi; Sergio González-Cortés; Mohammed F. Alotibi; Fawaz Alzaidi; Jonathan R. Dilworth; Peter P. Edwards (Fuel, 2024)

Heavy rains and hydrogeological disasters on February 18th–19th, 2023, in the city of São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil: from meteorological causes to early warnings - Jose A. Marengo; Ana P. Cunha; Marcelo E. Seluchi; Pedro I. Camarinha; Giovanni Dolif; Vinicius B. Sperling; Enner H. Alcântara; Andrea M. Ramos; Marcio M. Andrade; Rodrigo A. Stabile; José Mantovani; Edward Park; et al. (Natural Hazards, 2024)

Correction to: Drought and deluge: the recurrence of hydroclimate extremes during the past 600 years in eastern Australia’s Natural Resource Management (NRM) clusters - Jonathan G. Palmer; Danielle Verdon‑Kidd; Kathryn J. Allen; Philippa Higgins; Benjamin I. Cook; Edward R. Cook; Christian S. M. Turney; Patrick J. Baker (Natural Hazards, 2024)

Differences in dietary acceptability, restraint, disinhibition, and hunger among African American participants randomized to either a vegan or omnivorous soul food diet - Gabrielle M. Turner-McGrievy; Sara Wilcox; Edward A. Frongillo; Yesil Kim; Nkechi Okpara; Mary Wilson (Appetite, 2024)

Fluvial avulsions influence soil fertility in the Pantanal wetlands (Brazil) - Rômullo Oliveira Louzada; Ivan Bergier; Michael M. McGlue; Fabio de Oliveira Roque; Giliane Rasbold; Leandro Domingos-Luz; Edward Lo; Mario Luis Assine (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Validation of an on-farm portable blood analyzer for quantifying blood analytes in dairy cows - Sophia J. Kendall; Sophia E. Green; Sophia M. Edwards; Garrett R. Oetzel; Heather M. White (Research in Veterinary Science, 2024)

Near-Infrared photometry of Neptune’s small regular satellites with Keck - Mallory Helfenbein; Edward M. Molter; Imke de Pater; Damya Souami (Icarus, 2024)

Speculations on the Paleozoic legacy of Gondwana amalgamation - J. Brendan Murphy; R. Damian Nance; Stephen T. Johnston; Josep M. Casas; Peter A. Cawood; Edward J. Matheson; Peir K. Pufahl; Wei Dan; J. Javier Álvaro; Philip J. Heron; Rob A. Strachan (Gondwana Research, 2024)

Damage to tropical forests caused by cyclones is driven by wind speed but mediated by topographical exposure and tree characteristics - Thomas Ibanez; David Bauman; Shin‐ichiro Aiba; Thomas Arsouze; Peter J. Bellingham; Chris Birkinshaw; Philippe Birnbaum; Timothy J. Curran; Saara J. DeWalt; John Dwyer; Thierry Fourcaud; Janet Franklin; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Each year, an average of 45 tropical cyclones affect coastal areas and potentially impact forests. The proportion of the most intense cyclones has increased over the past four decades and is predicted to continue to do so. Yet, it remains uncertain how topographical exposure and tree characteristics can mediate the damage caused by increasing wind speed. Here, we compiled empirical data on the damage caused by 11 cyclones occurring over the past 40 years, from 74 forest plots representing tropical regions worldwide, encompassing field data for 22,176 trees and 815 species. We reconstructed the wind structure of those tropical cyclones to estimate the maximum sustained wind speed (MSW) and wind direction at the studied plots. Then, we used a causal inference framework combined with Bayesian generalised linear mixed models to understand and quantify the causal effects of MSW, topographical exposure to wind (EXP), tree size (DBH) and species wood density ( ρ ) on the proportion of damaged trees at the community level, and on the probability of snapping or uprooting at the tree level. The probability of snapping or uprooting at the tree level and, hence, the proportion of damaged trees at the community level, increased with increasing MSW, and with increasing EXP accentuating the damaging effects of cyclones, in particular at higher wind speeds. Higher ρ decreased the probability of snapping and to a lesser extent of uprooting. Larger trees tended to have lower probabilities of snapping but increased probabilities of uprooting. Importantly, the effect of ρ decreasing the probabilities of snapping was more marked for smaller than larger trees and was further accentuated at higher MSW. Our work emphasises how local topography, tree size and species wood density together mediate cyclone damage to tropical forests, facilitating better predictions of the impacts of such disturbances in an increasingly windier world.

On-animal sensors may predict paddock level pasture mass in rotationally grazed dairy systems - J.P. Edwards; M. Qasim; R.H. Bryant; C. Thomas; C. Wright-Watson; G. Zobel; M.B. Neal; C.R. Eastwood (Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2024)

CAUSES AND INCIDENCE OF FAILURE TO LITTER IN CONTROL ratS FROM EXTENDED ONE-GENERATION REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY STUDIES - O. Greville-Heygate; P. Edwards; S. Renaut; P. Scott; M. Levi (Journal of Comparative Pathology, 2024)

Consequences of ecological aggregation in general equilibrium analysis of perturbed ecosystems - Stephanie Brockmann; David C. Finnoff; Doran M. Mason; Edward S. Rutherford; Hongyan Zhang (Ecological Economics, 2024)

Does harvesting age matter? Changes in structure and rheology of a shear-thickening polysaccharide from Cyathea medullaris as a function of age - Akshay Bisht; Kelvin K.T. Goh; Ian M. Sims; Patrick J.B. Edwards; Lara Matia-Merino (Carbohydrate Polymers, 2024)

Correction to: The Kelp Forest Challenge: A collaborative global movement to protect and restore 4 million hectares of kelp forests - Aaron Eger; J. David Aguirre; María Altamirano; Nur Arafeh‑Dalmau; Nina Larissa Arroyo; Anne M. Bauer‑Civiello; Rodrigo Beas‑Luna; Trine Bekkby; Alecia Bellgrove; Scott Bennett; Blanca Bernal; Caitlin O. Blain; et al. (Journal of Applied Phycology, 2024)

The Kelp Forest ﻿Challenge: A collaborative global movement to protect and restore 4 million hectares of kelp forests - Aaron Eger; J. David Aguirre; María Altamirano; Nur Arafeh-Dalmau; Nina Larissa Arroyo; Anne M. Bauer-Civiello; Rodrigo Beas-Luna; Trine Bekkby; Alecia Bellgrove; Scott Bennett; Blanca Bernal; Caitlin O. Blain; et al. (Journal of Applied Phycology, 2024)
Marine kelp forests cover 1/3 of our world's coastlines, are heralded as a nature-based solution to address socio-environmental issues, connect hundreds of millions of people with the ocean, and support a rich web of biodiversity throughout our oceans. But they are increasingly threatened with some areas reporting over 90% declines in kelp forest cover in living memory. Despite their importance and the threats they face, kelp forests are entirely absent from the international conservation dialogue. No international laws, policies, or targets focus on kelp forests and very few countries consider them in their national policy. The Kelp Forest Challenge addresses that gap. Together with 252 kelp experts, professionals, and citizens from 25 countries, the Kelp Forest Challenge was developed as a grassroots vision of what the world can achieve for kelp forest conservation. It is a global call to restore 1 million and protect 3 million hectares of kelp forests by 2040. This is a monumental challenge, that will require coordination across multiple levels of society and the mobilization of immense resources. Pledges may therefore include area for protection or restoration, enabling pledges which assist in conservation (funding, equipment, professional expertise, capacity building), or awareness-based pledges which increase awareness or education about kelp forests. Correspondingly, participants may be from government, scientific institutions, private sector, NGOs, community groups, or individuals. This challenge is the beginning of a 17-year mission to save our kelp forests and anyone and any organisation is invited to participate.

Altered vacuole membrane protein 1 (VMP1) expression is associated with increased NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mitochondrial dysfunction - Stephanie R. Zack; Meghana Venkatesan; Roman Nikolaienko; Ben Cook; Ronald Melki; Aleksey V. Zima; Edward M. Campbell (Inflammation Research, 2024)

An assessment and characterization of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) within the Great Lakes Basin: Mussel Watch Program (2013–2018) - Edwards M. A.; Kimbrough K.; Fuller N.; Davenport E.; Rider M.; Freitag A.; Regan S.; Leight A; K.; Burkart H.; Jacob A.; Johnson E. (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2024)
Defining the environmental occurrence and distribution of chemicals of emerging concern (CECs), including pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in coastal aquatic systems, is often difficult and complex. In this study, 70 compounds representing several classes of pharmaceuticals, including antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, insect repellant, antibacterial, antidepressants, chemotherapy drugs, and X-ray contrast media compounds, were found in dreissenid mussel (zebra/quagga; Dreissena spp.) tissue samples. Overall concentration and detection frequencies varied significantly among sampling locations, site land-use categories, and sites sampled proximate and downstream of point source discharge. Verapamil, triclocarban, etoposide, citalopram, diphenhydramine, sertraline, amitriptyline, and DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) comprised the most ubiquitous PPCPs (> 50%) detected in dreissenid mussels. Among those compounds quantified in mussel tissue, sertraline, metformin, methylprednisolone, hydrocortisone, 1,7-dimethylxanthine, theophylline, zidovudine, prednisone, clonidine, 2-hydroxy-ibuprofen, iopamidol, and melphalan were detected at concentrations up to 475 ng/g (wet weight). Antihypertensives, antibiotics, and antidepressants accounted for the majority of the compounds quantified in mussel tissue. The results showed that PPCPs quantified in dreissenid mussels are occurring as complex mixtures, with 4 to 28 compounds detected at one or more sampling locations. The magnitude and composition of PPCPs detected were highest for sites not influenced by either WWTP or CSO discharge (i.e., non-WWTPs), strongly supporting non-point sources as important drivers and pathways for PPCPs detected in this study. As these compounds are detected at inshore and offshore locations, the findings of this study indicate that their persistence and potential risks are largely unknown, thus warranting further assessment and prioritization of these emerging contaminants in the Great Lakes Basin. Graphical Abstract

Accuracy of patient race and ethnicity data in a central cancer registry - Rachel R. Codden; Carol Sweeney; Blessing S. Ofori-Atta; Kimberly A. Herget; Kacey Wigren; Sandra Edwards; Marjorie E. Carter; Rachel D. McCarty; Mia Hashibe; Jennifer A. Doherty; Morgan M. Millar (Cancer Causes & Control, 2024)

Effects of sample preservation techniques on dogs' (Canis familiaris) ability to detect koi carp (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) - Melissa A. Collins; Clare M. Browne; Timothy L. Edwards; Nicholas Ling; Grant W. Tempero (Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 2024)

The role of living labs in cultivating inclusive and responsible innovation in precision agriculture - Maaz Gardezi; Halimeh Abuayyash; Paul R. Adler; Juan P. Alvez; Rubaina Anjum; Appala Raju Badireddy; Skye Brugler; Pablo Carcamo; David Clay; Ali Dadkhah; Mary Emery; Joshua W. Faulkner; et al. (Agricultural Systems, 2024)

The distinctive weathering crust habitat of a High Arctic glacier comprises discrete microbial micro‐habitats - Sara M. E. Rassner; Joseph M. Cook; Andrew C. Mitchell; Ian T. Stevens; Tristram D. L. Irvine‐Fynn; Andrew J. Hodson; Arwyn Edwards (Environmental Microbiology, 2024)
Sunlight penetrates the ice surfaces of glaciers and ice sheets, forming a water‐bearing porous ice matrix known as the weathering crust. This crust is home to a significant microbial community. Despite the potential implications of microbial processes in the weathering crust for glacial melting, biogeochemical cycles, and downstream ecosystems, there have been few explorations of its microbial communities. In our study, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and shotgun metagenomics of a Svalbard glacier surface catchment to characterise the microbial communities within the weathering crust, their origins and destinies, and the functional potential of the weathering crust metagenome. Our findings reveal that the bacterial community in the weathering crust is distinct from those in upstream and downstream habitats. However, it comprises two separate micro‐habitats, each with different taxa and functional categories. The interstitial porewater is dominated by Polaromonas , influenced by the transfer of snowmelt, and exported via meltwater channels. In contrast, the ice matrix is dominated by Hymenobacter , and its metagenome exhibits a diverse range of functional adaptations. Given that the global weathering crust area and the subsequent release of microbes from it are strongly responsive to climate projections for the rest of the century, our results underscore the pressing need to integrate the microbiome of the weathering crust with other communities and processes in glacial ecosystems.

The global impact of offshore wind farms on ecosystem services - Stephen C.L. Watson; Paul J. Somerfield; Anaëlle J. Lemasson; Antony M. Knights; Andrew Edwards-Jones; Joana Nunes; Christine Pascoe; Caroline Louise McNeill; Michaela Schratzberger; Murray S.A. Thompson; Elena Couce; Claire L. Szostek; et al. (Ocean & Coastal Management, 2024)

Exceptionally low mercury concentrations and fluxes from the 2021 and 2022 eruptions of Fagradalsfjall volcano, Iceland - Brock A. Edwards; Melissa A. Pfeffer; Evgenia Ilyinskaya; Barbara I. Kleine-Marshall; Céline L. Mandon; Adam Cotterill; Alessandro Aiuppa; Peter M. Outridge; Feiyue Wang (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Reaction pathways and Sb(III) minerals formation during the reduction of Sb(V) by Rhodoferax ferrireducens strain YZ-1 - Yidan Zhang; Maxim I. Boyanov; Edward J. O’Loughlin; Kenneth M. Kemner; Robert A. Sanford; Han-Suk Kim; Soo-Chan Park; Man Jae Kwon (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2024)

Biomonitoring tool for New Zealand peatlands: Testate amoebae and vascular plants as promising bioindicators - Michelle M. McKeown; Olivia R. Burge; Sarah J. Richardson; Jamie R. Wood; Edward A.D. Mitchell; Janet M. Wilmshurst (Journal of Environmental Management, 2024)

Time outdoors and residential greenness are associated with reduced systemic inflammation and allostatic load - Andrey I. Egorov; Shannon M. Griffin; Jennifer N. Styles; Jason Kobylanski; Jo Klein; Lindsay Wickersham; Rebecca Ritter; Elizabeth Sams; Edward E. Hudgens; Timothy J. Wade (Environmental Pollution, 2024)

Boosting alcohol production via nitrogen-doped electrochemically exfoliated graphene and layered Ti3CN MXene hybrid photo-electrocatalyst - Manpreet Kaur; Rad Sadri; Avinash Alagumalai; Yifan Cao; Sameh M. Osman; Edward P.L. Roberts; Hua Song (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024)

Tree diversity and liana infestation predict acoustic diversity in logged tropical forests - Zachary Chu; Cindy C.P. Cosset; Catherine Finlayson; Patrick G. Cannon; Robert P. Freckleton; Kalsum M. Yusah; David P. Edwards (Biological Conservation, 2024)

Delayed leaf greening involves a major shift in the expression of cytosolic and mitochondrial ribosomes to plastid ribosomes in the highly phosphorus-use-efficient Hakea prostrata (Proteaceae) - Toby Bird; Benjamin J. Nestor; Philipp E. Bayer; Guannan Wang; Albina Ilyasova; Clément E. Gille; Bryce E. H. Soraru; Kosala Ranathunge; Anita A. Severn-Ellis; Ricarda Jost; Wolf-Rüdiger Scheible; Maheshi Dassanayake; et al. (Plant and Soil, 2024)
Background and aims Hakea prostrata (Proteaceae) is a highly phosphorus-use-efficient plant native to southwest Australia. It maintains a high photosynthetic rate at low leaf phosphorus (P) and exhibits delayed leaf greening, a convergent adaptation that increases nutrient-use efficiency. This study aimed to provide broad physiological and gene expression profiles across leaf development, uncovering pathways leading from young leaves as nutrient sinks to mature leaves as low-nutrient, energy-transducing sources. Methods To explore gene expression underlying delayed greening, we analysed a de novo transcriptome for H. prostrata across five stages of leaf development. Photosynthesis and respiration rates, and foliar pigment, P and nitrogen (N) concentrations were determined, including the division of P into five biochemical fractions. Key results Transcripts encoding functions associated with leaf structure generally decreased in abundance across leaf development, concomitant with decreases in foliar concentrations of 85% for anthocyanins, 90% for P and 70% for N. The expression of genes associated with photosynthetic function increased during or after leaf expansion, in parallel with increases in photosynthetic pigments and activity, much later in leaf development than in species that do not have delayed greening. As leaves developed, transcript abundance for cytosolic and mitochondrial ribosomal proteins generally declined, whilst transcripts for chloroplast ribosomal proteins increased. Conclusions There was a much longer temporal separation of leaf cell growth from chloroplast development in H. prostrata than is found in species that lack delayed greening. Transcriptome-guided analysis of leaf development in H. prostrata provided insight into delayed greening as a nutrient-saving strategy in severely phosphorus-impoverished landscapes.

Drought and deluge: the recurrence of hydroclimate extremes during the past 600 years in eastern Australia’s Natural Resource Management (NRM) clusters - Jonathan G. Palmer; Danielle Verdon-Kidd; Kathryn J. Allen; Philippa Higgins; Benjamin I. Cook; Edward R. Cook; Christian S. M. Turney; Patrick J. Baker (Natural Hazards, 2024)
Recent extremes of flood and drought across Australia have raised questions about the recurrence of such rare events and highlighted the importance of understanding multi-decadal climate variability. However, instrumental records over the past century are too short to adequately characterise climate variability on multi-decadal and longer timescales or robustly determine extreme event frequencies and their duration. Palaeoclimate reconstructions can provide much-needed information to help address this problem. Here, we use the 600-year hydroclimate record captured in the eastern Australian and New Zealand Drought Atlas (ANZDA) to analyse drought and pluvial frequency trends for East Australian Natural Resource Management (NRM) clusters. This partitioning of the drought atlas grid points into recognised biophysical areas (i.e. NRM clusters) revealed their differences and similarities in drought intensity and pluvial events over time. We find sustained multi-decadal periods of a wet–dry geographic 'seesaw' between eastern to central and southern NRMs (e.g. 1550–1600 CE and 1700–1750 CE). In contrast, other periods reveal spatially consistent wetting (e.g. 1500–1550 CE) or drying (e.g. 1750–1800 CE). Emerging hot spot analysis further shows that some areas that appear naturally buffered from severe drought during the instrumental period have a greater exposure risk when the longer 600-year record is considered. These findings are particularly relevant to management plans when dealing with the impacts of climate extremes developed at regional scales. Our results demonstrate that integrating and extending instrumental records with palaeoclimate datasets will become increasingly important for developing robust and locally specific extreme event frequency information for managing water resources.

Red Drum Salinity Tolerance: Comments on Ackerly et al. “Short-Term Salinity Stress During Early Development Impacts the Growth and Survival of Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)” - A. Conway; S. Pauwels; M. Edwards; L. Fontenot; R. Palachek (Estuaries and Coasts, 2024)

Phylogenetic evidence reshapes the taxonomy of Cacao and its allies (Theobroma and Herrania; Malvaceae, Byttnerioideae) - Matheus Colli-Silva; James Edward Richardson; Ana M. Bossa-Castro; José Rubens Pirani (Brittonia, 2024)
Theobroma (Malvaceae, Byttnerioideae), the cacao genus, has a taxonomic history spanning over two centuries. Currently, it comprises 23 species of trees from lowland forests from the Tropical Americas. Herrania , a closely related genus described later, includes 17 additional species commonly referred to as “wild cacaos.” Phylogenetic relationships and morphological circumscriptions between Theobroma and Herrania have been the subject of debate. While Herrania has traditionally been treated as a separate genus based on evident morphological differences in leaf and petal features, it shares similarities with Theobroma in terms of habit, inflorescence, and fruit types. Recent phylogenetic evidence, incorporating a broader taxonomic sampling and a total-evidence analysis, suggested that Theobroma is paraphyletic, with Herrania nested within it. This finding supports the restoration of a classical circumscription of Theobroma wherein Herrania is considered a section of the former genus. Here, we provide a detailed account of the taxonomic history at infrageneric levels and propose one new subsection, two names at new ranks (to better allocate the diversity within T. sect. Herrania ), and nine new combinations encompassing this expanded circumscription of Theobroma . In our study, we delimit Theobroma with forty species divided into six sections: T. sect. Glossopetalum (14 spp.), T. sect. Herrania (17 spp.), T. sect. Oreanthes (5 spp.), T. sect. Rhytidocarpus (1 sp.), T. sect. Telmatocarpus (2 spp.), and T. sect. Theobroma (1 sp.). Furthermore, we recognize three subsections within T. sect. Herrania . Alongside these newly proposed changes, we present a section-level identification key and provide diagnostic characters for each taxon.

Saltwater intrusion and sea level rise threatens U.S. rural coastal landscapes and communities - Kiera L. O’Donnell; Emily S. Bernhardt; Xi Yang; Ryan E. Emanuel; Marcelo Ardón; Manuel T. Lerdau; Alex K. Manda; Anna E. Braswell; Todd K. BenDor; Eric C. Edwards; Elizabeth Frankenberg; Ashley M. Helton; et al. (Anthropocene, 2024)

Global synthesis of effects and feedbacks from artificial reefs on socioecological systems in recreational fisheries - Lisa Chong; Zachary A. Siders; Kai Lorenzen; Robert N. M. Ahrens; Edward V. Camp (Fish and Fisheries, 2024)
Artificial reefs have been widely deployed with the intention of increasing fish habitat, enhancing recreational fishery opportunities and providing socio‐economic benefits to surrounding communities. Substantial work has been done to understand the ecology of artificial reefs but the efficacy of artificial reefs as a management tool hinges on socioecological feedbacks that are not well understood. Socioecological feedbacks are difficult to discern because they depend on multiple and complex interactions between fish, fishers, managers and habitats. To better understand the net effects of artificial reefs on recreational fisheries, we conducted a literature review to catalogue effects and feedbacks of artificial reefs. Our global synthesis revealed that artificial reefs may result in a net negative effect on fish populations, at least in the short‐term, as catch‐driven effects bolstering socio‐economic objectives occur more often or at greater intensities than positive biological effects. We have highlighted important effects of artificial reefs and feedbacks that need to be accounted for when considering their deployment in fishery management. There may be unintended consequences if biological benefits from habitat‐to‐fish and fish‐to‐fish feedbacks are outweighed by population losses due to greater socio‐economic benefits from fish‐to‐fisher feedbacks. Taken in concert with their semi‐permanent nature and apparent popularity with stakeholders, a view emerges of artificial reefs possibly functioning as a ‘social‐ecological trap’. This work emphasizes the need for robust assessments of the effects of artificial reefs, as well as more formal decision science approaches for implementing of these structures.

State of the California Current Ecosystem report in 2022: a tale of two La Niñas - Andrew R. Thompson; Rasmus Swalethorp; Michaela Alksne; Jarrod A. Santora; Elliott L. Hazen; Andrew Leising; Erin Satterthwaite; William J. Sydeman; Clarissa R. Anderson; Toby D. Auth; Simone Baumann-Pickering; Timothy Baumgardner; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
2022 marked the third consecutive La Niña and extended the longest consecutive stretch of negative Oceanic Niño Index since 1998-2001. While physical and biological conditions in winter and spring largely adhered to prior La Niña conditions, summer and fall were very different. Similar to past La Niña events, in winter and spring coastal upwelling was either average or above average, temperature average or below average, salinity generally above average. In summer and fall, however, upwelling and temperature were generally average or slightly below average, salinity was close to average and chlorophyll a was close to average. Again, as during prior La Niña events, biomass of northern/southern copepods was above/below average off Oregon in winter, and body size of North Pacific krill in northern California was above average in winter. By contrast, later in the year the abundance of northern krill dropped off Oregon while southern copepods increased and body sizes of North Pacific krill fell in northern California. Off Oregon and Washington abundances of market squid and Pacific pompano (indicators of warm, non-typical La Niña conditions) were high. In the 20 th century, Northern anchovy recruitment tended to be high during cold conditions, but despite mostly warm conditions from 2015-2021 anchovy populations boomed and remained high in 2022. Resident seabird reproductive success, which tended in the past to increase during productive La Niña conditions was highly variable throughout the system as common murre and pelagic cormorant, experienced complete reproductive failure at Yaquina Head, Oregon while Brandt’s cormorant reproduction was average. At three sampling locations off central California, however, common murre reproduction was close to or above average while both pelagic and Brandt’s cormorant were above average. California sealion reproduction has been above average each year since 2016, and pup weight was also above average in 2022, likely in response not to La Niña or El Niño but continuous high abundance of anchovy. The highly variable and often unpredictable physical and biological conditions in 2022 highlight a growing recognition of disconnects between basin-scale indices and local conditions in the CCE. “July-December 2022 is the biggest outlier from individual “strong” La Niña (events) ever going back to the 50s.” – Nate Mantua

Treated water from oil and gas extraction as an unconventional water resource for agriculture in the Anadarko Basin - Alban Echchelh; Justin M. Hutchison; Stephen J. Randtke; Edward Peltier (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

FTIR spectra from grass pollen: A quest for species-level resolution of Poaceae and Cerealia-type pollen grains - F. Katsi; M.S. Kent; M. Jones; W.T. Fraser; P.E. Jardine; W. Eastwood; M. Mariani; C. Osborne; S. Edwards; B.H. Lomax (Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2024)

“Knitted” tetrabenzo-24-crown-8 ether sulfonate as reusable and practical hydrophilic adsorbent for aqueous Cs+ sequestration - John Edward L. Sio; Erwin C. Escobar; Grace M. Nisola; Khino J. Parohinog; Negasi T. Weldesemat; Hern Kim; Wook-Jin Chung (Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2024)

Pervasive aqueous alteration in the early Solar System revealed by potassium isotopic variations in Ryugu samples and carbonaceous chondrites - Yan Hu; Frédéric Moynier; Wei Dai; Marine Paquet; Tetsuya Yokoyama; Yoshinari Abe; Jérôme Aléon; Conel M. O'D. Alexander; Sachiko Amari; Yuri Amelin; Ken-ichi Bajo; Martin Bizzarro; et al. (Icarus, 2024)

The Occurrence of Karenia species in mid-Atlantic coastal waters: Data from the Delmarva Peninsula, USA - Jennifer L. Wolny; Edward B. Whereat; Todd A. Egerton; Leah A. Gibala-Smith; John R. McKay; Judith M. O'Neil; Catherine E. Wazniak; Margaret R. Mulholland (Harmful Algae, 2024)

Canopy-mediated microclimate refugia do not match narrow regeneration niches in a managed dry conifer forest - Edward M. Hill; Jeffery B. Cannon; Seth Ex; Troy W. Ocheltree; Miranda D. Redmond (Forest Ecology and Management, 2024)

Iron, Nickel, Copper, Zinc, and their stable isotopes along a salinity gradient in the Pearl River Estuary, southeastern China - Yaqing Ruan; Ruifeng Zhang; Shun-Chung Yang; Ziyuan Jiang; Sang Chen; Tim M. Conway; Kuo-Fang Huang; Edward A. Boyle; Meng Zhou; Seth G. John (Chemical Geology, 2024)

Human external and internal activities in the destruction of the north galesong coastal area - Idawarni Asmal; Edward Syarif; Samsuddin Amin; M. Yahya Siradjuddin; Sapta Asmal; Fridawaty Rivai; Rudi Latief; Ridwan (Journal of Coastal Conservation, 2024)

How well do existing surveys track fish community performance measures in the St. Clair-Detroit River System? - Corbin D. Hilling; Megan L. Belore; James Boase; Justin A. Chiotti; Robin L. DeBruyne; Susan E. Doka; Richard Drouin; Christine M. Mayer; Jeff. T. Tyson; Todd Wills; Edward F. Roseman (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2024)

SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 display limited neuronal infection and lack the ability to transmit within synaptically connected axons in stem cell–derived human neurons - Jasmina M. Luczo; Sarah J. Edwards; Katie Ardipradja; Willy W. Suen; Gough G. Au; Glenn A. Marsh; Nathan Godde; Christina L. Rootes; John Bingham; Vinod Sundaramoorthy (Journal of NeuroVirology, 2024)
Sarbecoviruses such as SARS and SARS-CoV-2 have been responsible for two major outbreaks in humans, the latter resulting in a global pandemic. While sarbecoviruses primarily cause an acute respiratory infection, they have been shown to infect the nervous system. However, mechanisms of sarbecovirus neuroinvasion and neuropathogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we examined the infectivity and trans-synaptic transmission potential of the sarbecoviruses SARS and SARS-CoV-2 in human stem cell–derived neural model systems. We demonstrated limited ability of sarbecoviruses to infect and replicate in human stem cell–derived neurons. Furthermore, we demonstrated an inability of sarbecoviruses to transmit between synaptically connected human stem cell–derived neurons. Finally, we determined an absence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in olfactory neurons in experimentally infected ferrets. Collectively, this study indicates that sarbecoviruses exhibit low potential to infect human stem cell–derived neurons, lack an ability to infect ferret olfactory neurons, and lack an inbuilt molecular mechanism to utilise retrograde axonal trafficking and trans-synaptic transmission to spread within the human nervous system.

Rapid diversification of grey mangroves ( Avicennia marina ) driven by geographic isolation and extreme environmental conditions in the Arabian Peninsula - Guillermo Friis; Edward G. Smith; Catherine E. Lovelock; Alejandra Ortega; Alyssa Marshell; Carlos M. Duarte; John A. Burt (Molecular Ecology, 2024)
Biological systems occurring in ecologically heterogeneous and spatially discontinuous habitats provide an ideal opportunity to investigate the relative roles of neutral and selective factors in driving lineage diversification. The grey mangroves ( Avicennia marina ) of Arabia occur at the northern edge of the species' range and are subject to variable, often extreme, environmental conditions, as well as historic large fluctuations in habitat availability and connectivity resulting from Quaternary glacial cycles. Here, we analyse fully sequenced genomes sampled from 19 locations across the Red Sea, the Arabian Sea and the Persian/Arabian Gulf (PAG) to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the species in the region and to identify adaptive mechanisms of lineage diversification. Population structure and phylogenetic analyses revealed marked genetic structure correlating with geographic distance and highly supported clades among and within the seas surrounding the Arabian Peninsula. Demographic modelling showed times of divergence consistent with recent periods of geographic isolation and low marine connectivity during glaciations, suggesting the presence of (cryptic) glacial refugia in the Red Sea and the PAG. Significant migration was detected within the Red Sea and the PAG, and across the Strait of Hormuz to the Arabian Sea, suggesting gene flow upon secondary contact among populations. Genetic‐environment association analyses revealed high levels of adaptive divergence and detected signs of multi‐loci local adaptation driven by temperature extremes and hypersalinity. These results support a process of rapid diversification resulting from the combined effects of historical factors and ecological selection and reveal mangrove peripheral environments as relevant drivers of lineage diversity.

Surface ocean warming near the core of hurricane Sam and its representation in forecast models - Andrew M. Chiodi; Hristina Hristova; Gregory R. Foltz; Jun A. Zhang; Calvin W. Mordy; Catherine R. Edwards; Chidong Zhang; Christian Meinig; Dongxiao Zhang; Edoardo Mazza; Edward D. Cokelet; Eugene F. Burger; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
On September 30, 2021, a saildrone uncrewed surface vehicle intercepted Hurricane Sam in the northwestern tropical Atlantic and provided continuous observations near the eyewall. Measured surface ocean temperature unexpectedly increased during the first half of the storm. Saildrone current shear and upper-ocean structure from the nearest Argo profiles show an initial trapping of wind momentum by a strong halocline in the upper 30 m, followed by deeper mixing and entrainment of warmer subsurface water into the mixed layer. The ocean initial conditions provided to operational forecast models failed to capture the observed upper-ocean structure. The forecast models failed to simulate the warming and developed a surface cold bias of ~0.5°C by the time peak winds were observed, resulting in a 12-17% underestimation of surface enthalpy flux near the eyewall. Results imply that enhanced upper-ocean observations and, critically, improved assimilation into the hurricane forecast systems, could directly benefit hurricane intensity forecasts.

The underwater soundscape of the North Sea - F. Basan; J.-G. Fischer; R. Putland; J. Brinkkemper; C.A.F. de Jong; B. Binnerts; A. Norro; D. Kühnel; L.-A. Ødegaard; M. Andersson; E. Lalander; J. Tougaard; et al. (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2024)

Climate-smart fisheries: CO2 emissions reduction and food security are complementary - Nwamaka Okeke-Ogbuafor; Tim Gray; Sheku Kamara; Edward Sesay; Abdulai Dauda; Selina M Stead; Danielle Robinson; Kelechi Johnmary Ani (Marine Policy, 2024)

Attribution of fine particulate matter and ozone health impacts in Canada to domestic and US emission sources - Amanda J. Pappin; Nick Charman; Marika Egyed; Phil Blagden; Annie Duhamel; Jessica Miville; Ivana Popadic; Patrick M. Manseau; Guillaume Marcotte; Rabab Mashayekhi; Jacinthe Racine; Robyn Rittmaster; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Ammonia and aquatic ecosystems – A review of global sources, biogeochemical cycling, and effects on fish - Thea M. Edwards; Holly J. Puglis; Douglas B. Kent; Jonathan López Durán; Lillian M. Bradshaw; Aïda M. Farag (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Simulating large-diameter industrial ball mills from batch-grinding tests - Edward Mavhungu; Túlio M. Campos; Brena Karolyne N. Rocha; Nomonde Solomon; Carl Bergmann; Luís Marcelo Tavares; Jens Lichter (Minerals Engineering, 2024)

Fine-mapping of a major locus for Fusarium wilt resistance in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) - S. Cloutier; T. Edwards; C. Zheng; H. M. Booker; T. Islam; K. Nabetani; H. R. Kutcher; O. Molina; F. M. You (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2024)
Key message Fine-mapping of a locus on chromosome 1 of flax identified an S-lectin receptor-like kinase (SRLK) as the most likely candidate for a major Fusarium wilt resistance gene. Abstract Fusarium wilt, caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini , is a devastating disease in flax. Genetic resistance can counteract this disease and limit its spread. To map major genes for Fusarium wilt resistance, a recombinant inbred line population of more than 700 individuals derived from a cross between resistant cultivar ‘Bison’ and susceptible cultivar ‘Novelty’ was phenotyped in Fusarium wilt nurseries at two sites for two and three years, respectively. The population was genotyped with 4487 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Twenty-four QTLs were identified with IciMapping, 18 quantitative trait nucleotides with 3VmrMLM and 108 linkage disequilibrium blocks with RTM-GWAS. All models identified a major QTL on chromosome 1 that explained 20–48% of the genetic variance for Fusarium wilt resistance. The locus was estimated to span ~ 867 Kb but included a ~ 400 Kb unresolved region. Whole-genome sequencing of ‘CDC Bethune’, ‘Bison’ and ‘Novelty’ produced ~ 450 Kb continuous sequences of the locus. Annotation revealed 110 genes, of which six were considered candidate genes. Fine-mapping with 12 SNPs and 15 Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers narrowed down the interval to ~ 69 Kb, which comprised the candidate genes Lus10025882 and Lus10025891 . The latter, a G-type S-lectin receptor-like kinase (SRLK) is the most likely resistance gene because it is the only polymorphic one. In addition, Fusarium wilt resistance genes previously isolated in tomato and Arabidopsis belonged to the SRLK class. The robust KASP markers can be used in marker-assisted breeding to select for this major Fusarium wilt resistance locus.

Recent outbreak of Marburg virus; a global health concern and future perspective - Usama Mujahid; Muhammad Ahmad; Attiqa Mujahid; Edward Narayan; Saif Ur Rehman; Hafiz M. N. Iqbal; Ishtiaq Ahmed (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2024)

Temperature Thresholds for Leaf Damage from Two Extreme Freeze Events (2018 and 2021) Near the Northern Range Limit of Black Mangroves (Avicennia germinans) in Southeastern North America - Simen Kaalstad; Michael J. Osland; Donna J. Devlin; C. Edward Proffitt; Laura C. Feher; Anna R. Armitage; Richard H. Day; Kathleen M. Swanson; Gordon H. Anderson; Brigid Berger; Just Cebrian; Karen L. Cummins; et al. (Estuaries and Coasts, 2024)

Peatland pools are tightly coupled to the contemporary carbon cycle - Joshua F. Dean; Michael F. Billett; T. Edward Turner; Mark H. Garnett; Roxane Andersen; Rebecca M. McKenzie; Kerry J. Dinsmore; Andy J. Baird; Pippa J. Chapman; Joseph Holden (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Peatlands are globally important stores of soil carbon (C) formed over millennial timescales but are at risk of destabilization by human and climate disturbance. Pools are ubiquitous features of many peatlands and can contain very high concentrations of C mobilized in dissolved and particulate organic form and as the greenhouses gases carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ). The radiocarbon content ( 14 C) of these aquatic C forms tells us whether pool C is generated by contemporary primary production or from destabilized C released from deep peat layers where it was previously stored for millennia. We present novel 14 C and stable C (δ 13 C) isotope data from 97 aquatic samples across six peatland pool locations in the United Kingdom with a focus on dissolved and particulate organic C and dissolved CO 2 . Our observations cover two distinct pool types: natural peatland pools and those formed by ditch blocking efforts to rewet peatlands (restoration pools). The pools were dominated by contemporary C, with the majority of C (~50%–75%) in all forms being younger than 300 years old. Both pool types readily transform and decompose organic C in the water column and emit CO 2 to the atmosphere, though mixing with the atmosphere and subsequent CO 2 emissions was more evident in natural pools. Our results show little evidence of destabilization of deep, old C in natural or restoration pools, despite the presence of substantial millennial‐aged C in the surrounding peat. One possible exception is CH 4 ebullition (bubbling), with our observations showing that millennial‐aged C can be emitted from peatland pools via this pathway. Our results suggest that restoration pools formed by ditch blocking are effective at preventing the release of deep, old C from rewetted peatlands via aquatic export.

Shifts in bacterial traits under chronic nitrogen deposition align with soil processes in arbuscular, but not ectomycorrhizal‐associated trees - Juan Piñeiro; Chansotheary Dang; Jeth G. V. Walkup; Teagan Kuzniar; Rachel Winslett; Steven J. Blazewicz; Zachary B. Freedman; Edward Brzostek; Ember M. Morrissey (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Nitrogen (N) deposition increases soil carbon (C) storage by reducing microbial activity. These effects vary in soil beneath trees that associate with arbuscular (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. Variation in carbon C and N uptake traits among microbes may explain differences in soil nutrient cycling between mycorrhizal associations in response to high N loads, a mechanism not previously examined due to methodological limitations. Here, we used quantitative Stable Isotope Probing (qSIP) to measure bacterial C and N assimilation rates from an added organic compound, which we conceptualize as functional traits. As such, we applied a trait‐based approach to explore whether variation in assimilation rates of bacterial taxa can inform shifts in soil function under chronic N deposition. We show taxon‐specific and community‐wide declines of bacterial C and N uptake under chronic N deposition in both AM and ECM soils. N deposition‐induced reductions in microbial activity were mirrored by declines in soil organic matter mineralization rates in AM but not ECM soils. Our findings suggest C and N uptake traits of bacterial communities can predict C cycling feedbacks to N deposition in AM soils, but additional data, for instance on the traits of fungi, may be needed to connect microbial traits with soil C and N cycling in ECM systems. Our study also highlights the potential of employing qSIP in conjunction with trait‐based analytical approaches to inform how ecological processes of microbial communities influence soil functioning.

Diverse pathways for climate resilience in marine fishery systems - Jacob G. Eurich; Whitney R. Friedman; Kristin M. Kleisner; Lily Z. Zhao; Christopher M. Free; Meghan Fletcher; Julia G. Mason; Kanae Tokunaga; Alba Aguion; Andrea Dell'Apa; Mark Dickey‐Collas; Rod Fujita; et al. (Fish and Fisheries, 2024)
Both the ecological and social dimensions of fisheries are being affected by climate change. As a result, policymakers, managers, scientists and fishing communities are seeking guidance on how to holistically build resilience to climate change. Numerous studies have highlighted key attributes of resilience in fisheries, yet concrete examples that explicitly link these attributes to social‐ecological outcomes are lacking. To better understand climate resilience, we assembled 18 case studies spanning ecological, socio‐economic, governance and geographic contexts. Using a novel framework for evaluating 38 resilience attributes, the case studies were systematically assessed to understand how attributes enable or inhibit resilience to a given climate stressor. We found population abundance, learning capacity, and responsive governance were the most important attributes for conferring resilience, with ecosystem connectivity, place attachment, and accountable governance scoring the strongest across the climate‐resilient fisheries. We used these responses to develop an attribute typology that describes robust sources of resilience, actionable priority attributes and attributes that are case specific or require research. We identified five fishery archetypes to guide stakeholders as they set long‐term goals and prioritize actions to improve resilience. Lastly, we found evidence for two pathways to resilience: (1) building ecological assets and strengthening communities, which we observed in rural and small‐scale fisheries, and (2) building economic assets and improving effective governance, which was demonstrated in urban and wealthy fisheries. Our synthesis presents a novel framework that can be directly applied to identify approaches, pathways and actionable levers for improving climate resilience in fishery systems.

The relative influence of temperature and ontogeny on groundfish distribution varies across life stages - Lingbo Li; Anne B. Hollowed; Edward D. Cokelet; Aimee A. Keller; Steve J. Barbeaux; Michelle M. McClure; Wayne A. Palsson (Fish and Fisheries, 2024)
Distributional changes for fish populations may be difficult to interpret since temperature responses are often confounded with ontogenetic shifts. However, the relative importance of these two types of fish movement (temperature responses and ontogenetic shifts) to population distribution remains largely unstudied. This study presents the first attempt to compare the two types of movement in depth, latitude and longitude for 10 abundant groundfish species across size class and subregion. We utilized large, quality‐controlled datasets from random depth‐stratified, bottom trawl surveys consistently conducted during the summer along NE Pacific shelf from 1996 to 2015. We show that the size structure of each species varied across years and subregions with dramatically strong or poor recruitments for some species in 2015 during a marine heatwave. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that ontogenetic shifts in depth represented the primary movement pattern while temperature responses in latitude and longitude constituted a major, but a secondary pattern. Re‐run by size class, PCA results further showed that the influence of temperature and ontogeny on population distribution varied by size classes with greater ontogenetic shifts in smaller fish and elevated temperature responses in larger fish. We further show substantial ontogeny‐induced movements by depth, latitude and longitude with high variability among species and subregions. Our analyses suggest that failing to account for size structure can lead to serious misinterpretation of population distributional changes in all three dimensions: depth, latitude and longitude for populations with or without episodic recruitments.

Reinstatement and expansion of the genus Anatherum (Andropogoneae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) - Maria S. Vorontsova; Kurt B. Petersen; Patrick Minx; Taylor M. Aubuchon-Elder; M. Cinta Romay; Edward S. Buckler; Elizabeth A. Kellogg (Systematics and Biodiversity, 2023)

Surface rupturing earthquakes along the eastern Rhine Graben Boundary Fault near Ettlingen-Oberweier (Germany) - Sara Pena-Castellnou; Jochen Hürtgen; Stéphane Baize; Frank Preusser; Daniela Mueller; Hervé Jomard; Edward M. Cushing; Thomas K. Rockwell; Gordon Seitz; Francesca R. Cinti; Joachim Ritter; Klaus Reicherter (Tectonophysics, 2023)

Low frequency of resistance to thiophanate-methyl in Monilinia fructicola populations from southeastern United States peach orchards - William P. Gura; Jhulia Gelain; Edward J. Sikora; Edgar L. Vinson; Phillip M. Brannen; Guido Schnabel (Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 2023)

Weak constraint 4D-Var data assimilation in the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) using a saddle-point algorithm: Application to the California Current Circulation - Andrew M. Moore; Hernan G. Arango; John Wilkin; Christopher A. Edwards (Ocean Modelling, 2023)

Valuing bioeconomic impacts of regulation on nutrient loads mediated by invasive mussels in Lake Michigan - Stephanie Brockmann; David Finnoff; Nicholas Boucher; Doran M. Mason; Edward S. Rutherford; Hongyan Zhang (Journal of Environmental Management, 2023)

Shear and temperature sensitivity of a shear-thickening biopolymer from the New Zealand black tree fern - Akshay Bisht; Kelvin K.T. Goh; Ian M. Sims; Patrick J.B. Edwards; Lara Matia-Merino (Food Hydrocolloids, 2023)

Development of nitrogen-doped graphene/MOF nanocomposites towards adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) from the wastewater of the Herbert Bickley treatment works - Tshireletso M. Madumo; Sithembela A. Zikalala; Nozipho N. Gumbi; Shivani B. Mishra; Bulelwa Ntsendwana; Edward N. Nxumalo (Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, 2023)

Global responses to the COVID-19 pandemic by recreational anglers: considerations for developing more resilient and sustainable fisheries - J. Robert Britton; Adrian C. Pinder; Josep Alós; Robert Arlinghaus; Andy J. Danylchuk; Wendy Edwards; Kátia M. F. Freire; Casper Gundelund; Kieran Hyder; Ivan Jarić; Robert Lennox; Wolf-Christian Lewin; et al. (Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2023)
The global COVID-19 pandemic resulted in many jurisdictions implementing orders restricting the movements of people to inhibit virus transmission, with recreational angling often either not permitted or access to fisheries and/or related infrastructure being prevented. Following the lifting of restrictions, initial angler surveys and licence sales suggested increased participation and effort, and altered angler demographics, but with evidence remaining limited. Here, we overcome this evidence gap by identifying temporal changes in angling interest, licence sales, and angling effort in world regions by comparing data in the ‘pre-pandemic’ (up to and including 2019); ‘acute pandemic’ (2020) and ‘COVID-acclimated’ (2021) periods. We then identified how changes can inform the development of more resilient and sustainable recreational fisheries. Interest in angling (measured here as angling-related internet search term volumes) increased substantially in all regions during 2020. Patterns in licence sales revealed marked increases in some countries during 2020 but not in others. Where licence sales increased, this was rarely sustained in 2021; where there were declines, these related to fewer tourist anglers due to movement restrictions. Data from most countries indicated a younger demographic of people who participated in angling in 2020, including in urban areas, but this was not sustained in 2021. These short-lived changes in recreational angling indicate efforts to retain younger anglers could increase overall participation levels, where efforts can target education in appropriate angling practices and create more urban angling opportunities. These efforts would then provide recreational fisheries with greater resilience to cope with future global crises, including facilitating the ability of people to access angling opportunities during periods of high societal stress.

Flextime: Black-and-White Ruffed Lemurs (Varecia variegata) use Opposing Strategies to Counter Resource Scarcity in Fragmented Habitats - Melody A. Petersen; Sheila M. Holmes; Li-Dunn Chen; Patricia V. Ravoniarinalisoa; Axel Moehrenschlager; Edward E. Louis; Steig E. Johnson (International Journal of Primatology, 2023)

Approaches to increase the validity of gene family identification using manual homology search tools - Benjamin J. Nestor; Philipp E. Bayer; Cassandria G. Tay Fernandez; David Edwards; Patrick M. Finnegan (Genetica, 2023)
Identifying homologs is an important process in the analysis of genetic patterns underlying traits and evolutionary relationships among species. Analysis of gene families is often used to form and support hypotheses on genetic patterns such as gene presence, absence, or functional divergence which underlie traits examined in functional studies. These analyses often require precise identification of all members in a targeted gene family. Manual pipelines where homology search and orthology assignment tools are used separately are the most common approach for identifying small gene families where accurate identification of all members is important. The ability to curate sequences between steps in manual pipelines allows for simple and precise identification of all possible gene family members. However, the validity of such manual pipeline analyses is often decreased by inappropriate approaches to homology searches including too relaxed or stringent statistical thresholds, inappropriate query sequences, homology classification based on sequence similarity alone, and low-quality proteome or genome sequences. In this article, we propose several approaches to mitigate these issues and allow for precise identification of gene family members and support for hypotheses linking genetic patterns to functional traits.

Adaptive thermal responses of captive Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) in South Africa - Devon M. Viljoen; Edward C. Webb; Jan G. Myburgh; J. Christoff Truter; Jeffrey W. Lang; Albert Myburgh (Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 2023)

Review of Solar Energetic Particle Prediction Models - Kathryn Whitman; Ricky Egeland; Ian G. Richardson; Clayton Allison; Philip Quinn; Janet Barzilla; Irina Kitiashvili; Viacheslav Sadykov; Hazel M. Bain; Mark Dierckxsens; M. Leila Mays; Tilaye Tadesse; et al. (Advances in Space Research, 2023)

Episodic population fragmentation and gene flow reveal a trade‐off between heterozygosity and allelic richness - Peta Hill; Chris R. Dickman; Russell Dinnage; Richard P. Duncan; Scott V. Edwards; Aaron Greenville; Stephen D. Sarre; Emily J. Stringer; Glenda M. Wardle; Bernd Gruber (Molecular Ecology, 2023)
In episodic environments like deserts, populations of some animal species exhibit irregular fluctuations such that populations are alternately large and connected or small and isolated. Such dynamics are typically driven by periodic resource pulses due, for example, to large but infrequent rainfall events. The repeated population bottlenecks resulting from fragmentation should lower genetic diversity over time, yet species undergoing these fluctuations appear to maintain high levels of genetic diversity. To resolve this apparent paradox, we simulated a metapopulation of constant size undergoing repeat episodes of fragmentation and change in gene flow to mimic outcomes experienced by mammals in an Australian desert. We show that episodic fragmentation and gene flow have contrasting effects on two measures of genetic diversity: heterozygosity and allelic richness. Specifically, fragmentation into many, small subpopulations, coupled with periods of infrequent gene flow, preserves allelic richness at the expense of heterozygosity. In contrast, fragmentation into a few, large subpopulations maintains heterozygosity at the expense of allelic richness. The strength of the trade‐off between heterozygosity and allelic richness depends on the amount of gene flow and the frequency of gene flow events. Our results imply that the type of genetic diversity maintained among species living in strongly fluctuating environments will depend on the way populations fragment, with our results highlighting different mechanisms for maintaining allelic richness and heterozygosity in small, fragmented populations.

Reply to Discussion of Yule, C. T. G., Daniell, J., Edwards, D. S., Rollet, N., & Roberts, E. M. (2023). Reconciling the onshore/offshore stratigraphy of the Canning Basin and implications for petroleum prospectivity. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences , 70 (5), 691–715 - C. T. G. Yule; J. Daniell; D. S. Edwards; N. Rollet; E. M. Roberts (Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2023)

Total infectome investigation of diphtheritic stomatitis in yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes) reveals a novel and abundant megrivirus - Janelle R. Wierenga; Rebecca M. Grimwood; Harry S. Taylor; Stuart Hunter; Lisa S. Argilla; Trudi Webster; Lauren Lim; Rebecca French; Hendrik Schultz; Fátima Jorge; Mihnea Bostina; Laura Burga; et al. (Veterinary Microbiology, 2023)

Building an inclusive wave in marine science: Sense of belonging and Society for Women in Marine Science symposia - Katherine N. Canfield; Alexa R. Sterling; Christina M. Hernández; Sophie N. Chu; Bethanie R. Edwards; Diana N. Fontaine; Jillian M. Freese; Marissa S. Giroux; Aubree E. Jones; Alexandra J. McCarty; Hannah K. Morrissette; Hilary I. Palevsky; et al. (Progress in Oceanography, 2023)

Keck near-infrared detections of Mab and Perdita - Edward M. Molter; Imke de Pater; Chris Moeckel (Icarus, 2023)

Evolution of Neptune at near-infrared wavelengths from 1994 through 2022 - Erandi Chavez; Imke de Pater; Erin Redwing; Edward M. Molter; Michael T. Roman; Andrea Zorzi; Carlos Alvarez; Randy Campbell; Katherine de Kleer; Ricardo Hueso; Michael H. Wong; Elinor Gates; et al. (Icarus, 2023)

Isopropyl alcohol inhalation versus 5-HT3 antagonists for treatment of nausea: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials - James S. Kimber; Joshua G. Kovoor; John M. Glynatsis; Samuel J. West; Thi Thien Nhi Mai; Jonathan Henry W. Jacobsen; Christopher D. Ovenden; Stephen Bacchi; Joseph N. Hewitt; Aashray K. Gupta; Suzanne Edwards; Fiona J. Taverner; et al. (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2023)
Purpose Nausea is a common and unpleasant sensation for which current therapies such as serotonin (5-HT 3 ) antagonists are often ineffective, while also conferring a risk of potential adverse events. Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) has been proposed as a treatment for nausea. We aimed to compare IPA with 5-HT 3 antagonists for the treatment of nausea across all clinical settings. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CENTRAL and CINAHL were searched from inception to 17 July 2023 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing inhaled IPA and a 5-HT 3 antagonist for treatment of nausea. Severity and duration of nausea, rescue antiemetic use, adverse events and patient satisfaction were the outcomes sought. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using Cochrane RoB 2. Random-effects model was used for meta-analysis. Combination of meta-analyses and narrative review was used to synthesise findings. The evidence was appraised using GRADE. Results From 1242 records, 4 RCTs were included with 382 participants. Participants receiving IPA had a significantly lower mean time to 50% reduction in nausea (MD − 20.06; 95% CI − 26.26, − 13.85). Nausea score reduction at 30 min was significantly greater in the IPA group (MD 21.47; 95% CI 15.47, 27.47). IPA led to significantly reduced requirement for rescue antiemetics (OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.37, 0.95; p = 0.03). IPA led to no significant difference in patient satisfaction when compared with a 5-HT 3 antagonist. The overall GRADE assessment of evidence quality ranged from very low to low. Conclusion IPA may provide rapid, effective relief of nausea when compared with 5-HT 3 antagonists.

Abrupt permafrost thaw drives spatially heterogeneous soil moisture and carbon dioxide fluxes in upland tundra - Heidi Rodenhizer; Susan M. Natali; Marguerite Mauritz; Meghan A. Taylor; Gerardo Celis; Stephanie Kadej; Allison K. Kelley; Emma R. Lathrop; Justin Ledman; Elaine F. Pegoraro; Verity G. Salmon; Christina Schädel; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2023)
Permafrost thaw causes the seasonally thawed active layer to deepen, causing the Arctic to shift toward carbon release as soil organic matter becomes susceptible to decomposition. Ground subsidence initiated by ice loss can cause these soils to collapse abruptly, rapidly shifting soil moisture as microtopography changes and also accelerating carbon and nutrient mobilization. The uncertainty of soil moisture trajectories during thaw makes it difficult to predict the role of abrupt thaw in suppressing or exacerbating carbon losses. In this study, we investigated the role of shifting soil moisture conditions on carbon dioxide fluxes during a 13‐year permafrost warming experiment that exhibited abrupt thaw. Warming deepened the active layer differentially across treatments, leading to variable rates of subsidence and formation of thermokarst depressions. In turn, differential subsidence caused a gradient of moisture conditions, with some plots becoming consistently inundated with water within thermokarst depressions and others exhibiting generally dry, but more variable soil moisture conditions outside of thermokarst depressions. Experimentally induced permafrost thaw initially drove increasing rates of growing season gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration ( R eco ), and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) (higher carbon uptake), but the formation of thermokarst depressions began to reverse this trend with a high level of spatial heterogeneity. Plots that subsided at the slowest rate stayed relatively dry and supported higher CO 2 fluxes throughout the 13‐year experiment, while plots that subsided very rapidly into the center of a thermokarst feature became consistently wet and experienced a rapid decline in growing season GPP, R eco , and NEE (lower carbon uptake or carbon release). These findings indicate that Earth system models, which do not simulate subsidence and often predict drier active layer conditions, likely overestimate net growing season carbon uptake in abruptly thawing landscapes.

Reproductive quality evaluation of male Indian white prawn Penaeus indicus broodstock fed diets supplemented with polychaete extracts ( Marphysa sp.) - Sheryll S. Santander-Avanceña; Rex Ferdinand M. Traifalgar; Erish G. Estante-Superio; Steve P. Janagap; Roger Edward P. Mamauag; Harold M. Monteclaro; Liberato V. Laureta; Gerald F. Quinitio (Invertebrate Reproduction & Development, 2023)

Microplastic contamination in Indian rural and urban lacustrine ecosystems - R.L. Laju; M. Jayanthi; K. Immaculate Jeyasanta; Jamila Patterson; Deepak S. Bilgi; Narmatha Sathish; J.K. Patterson Edward (Science of The Total Environment, 2023)

Incorporating heterogeneity in farmer disease control behaviour into a livestock disease transmission model - Edward M. Hill; Naomi S. Prosser; Paul E. Brown; Eamonn Ferguson; Martin J. Green; Jasmeet Kaler; Matt J. Keeling; Michael J. Tildesley (Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2023)

Evaluating Alternate Methods of 4D-Var Data Assimilation in a Coupled Hydrodynamic—Four-Component Biogeochemical Model of the California Current System - Jonathan G. Izett; J. Paul Mattern; Andrew M. Moore; Christopher A. Edwards (Ocean Modelling, 2023)

Improving photosynthetic efficiency toward food security: Strategies, advances, and perspectives - Edward N. Smith; Marvin van Aalst; Tiina Tosens; Ülo Niinemets; Benjamin Stich; Tomas Morosinotto; Alessandro Alboresi; Tobias J. Erb; Paul A. Gómez-Coronado; Dimitri Tolleter; Giovanni Finazzi; Gilles Curien; et al. (Molecular Plant, 2023)

Decadal impacts of wildfire fuel reduction treatments on ecosystem characteristics and fire behavior in alaskan boreal forests - Melissa A. Boyd; Xanthe J. Walker; Jennifer Barnes; Gerardo Celis; Scott J. Goetz; Jill F. Johnstone; Nicholas T. Link; April M. Melvin; Lisa Saperstein; Edward A.G. Schuur; Michelle C. Mack (Forest Ecology and Management, 2023)

Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress contribute to cross-generational toxicity of benzo(a)pyrene in Danio rerio - Jordan S. Kozal; Nishad Jayasundara; Andrey Massarsky; Casey D. Lindberg; Anthony N. Oliveri; Ellen M. Cooper; Edward D. Levin; Joel N. Meyer; Richard T. Di Giulio (Aquatic Toxicology, 2023)

The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2022 Annual Report - Alexandra M. Amaducci; Sharan L. Campleman; Shao Li; Dana L. Karshenas; Meghan B. Spyres; Lynn A. Farrugia; A. Min Kang; Rachel E. Culbreth; Paul M. Wax; Jeffrey Brent; Kim Aldy; Jennifer Acciani; et al. (Journal of Medical Toxicology, 2023)

Interactions among Sodalis, Glossina pallidipes salivary gland hypertrophy virus and trypanosomes in wild Glossina pallidipes - Deusdedit J. Malulu; Hamisi S. Nyingilili; Delphina Edward; Peter Lucas; Ismail W. R. Taifa; Imna I. Malele; Adly M. M. Abd-Alla (International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 2023)

Large sardine resource discovered off south-eastern Australia: Potential risks, challenges and benefits of establishing a new fishery - Tim M. Ward; Barrett W. Wolfe; Gretchen L. Grammer; Alex R. Ivey; Edward King; Andreas Schiller; Karlie S. McDonald; Jeffrey M. Dambacher (Marine Policy, 2023)

LP-25: The curious case of Adverse Outcome Pathways: the stressor agnostic approach bridging disciplines by embracing evidence from diverse initiating factors - J. Filipovska; L.-A. Clerbaux; A. Carusi; M.-J. Amorim; P. Nymark; V. Chauhan; M. Sachana; A. Beronius; S.W. Edwards; C. Wittwehr (Toxicology Letters, 2023)

Inclusion of live mud polychaete (Marphysa iloiloensis) in the feeding regime improved the hatchery performance of domesticated Indian white shrimp (Penaeus indicus) - Erish G. Estante-Superio; Mary Anne E. Mandario; Sheryll S. Santander-Avanceña; Therese Marie M. Geanga; Fe Dolores Parado-Estepa; Roger Edward P. Mamauag (Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2023)

Financial Privilege: Educational Funding Source Impacts Students’ Perceptions of Financial Readiness and Cost as a Barrier to Dietetic Internships - M. Edwards (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2023)

Drift rates of major Neptunian features between 2018 and 2021 - Erandi Chavez; Erin Redwing; Imke de Pater; Ricardo Hueso; Edward M. Molter; Michael H. Wong; Carlos Alvarez; Elinor Gates; Katherine de Kleer; Joel Aycock; Jason Mcilroy; John Pelletier; et al. (Icarus, 2023)

Food web structure and energy flux dynamics, but not taxonomic richness, influence microbial ecosystem functions in a Sphagnum-dominated peatland - Vincent E.J. Jassey; Owen L. Petchey; Philippe Binet; Alexandre Buttler; Geneviève Chiapusio; Frédéric Delarue; Fatima Laggoun-Défarge; Daniel Gilbert; Edward A.D. Mitchell; Janna M. Barel (European Journal of Soil Biology, 2023)

A multi-scale analysis and classification of the hydrogeomorphological characteristics of Irish headwater streams - Edward J. Cox; Angela M. Gurnell; Michael J. Bowes; Michael Bruen; Sinéad C. Hogan; John J. O’Sullivan; Mary Kelly-Quinn (Hydrobiologia, 2023)

Analysis of electrical stimulation and voluntary muscle contraction on skeletal muscle oxygen uptake and mitochondrial recovery using near-infrared spectroscopy - Edward Z. Pelka; B. Ryan Davis; Patrick M. Tomko; John McDaniel (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2023)

Zebrafish as a model for cardiac disease; Cryo-EM structure of native cardiac thin filaments from Danio Rerio - Marston Bradshaw; John M. Squire; Edward Morris; Georgia Atkinson; Rebecca Richardson; Jon Lees; Massimo Caputo; Giulia M. Bigotti; Danielle M. Paul (Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility, 2023)
Actin, tropomyosin and troponin, the proteins that comprise the contractile apparatus of the cardiac thin filament, are highly conserved across species. We have used cryo-EM to study the three-dimensional structure of the zebrafish cardiac thin and actin filaments. With 70% of human genes having an obvious zebrafish orthologue, and conservation of 85% of disease-causing genes, zebrafish are a good animal model for the study of human disease. Our structure of the zebrafish thin filament reveals the molecular interactions between the constituent proteins, showing that the fundamental organisation of the complex is the same as that reported in the human reconstituted thin filament. A reconstruction of zebrafish cardiac F-actin demonstrates no deviations from human cardiac actin over an extended length of 14 actin subunits. Modelling zebrafish homology models into our maps enabled us to compare, in detail, the similarity with human models. The structural similarities of troponin-T in particular, a region known to contain a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ‘hotspot’, confirm the suitability of zebrafish to study these disease-causing mutations.

Genetic epidemiology of late blight in Australia using ancient DNA - Brittney M. Caruana; Rudolf F de Boer; Brendan Rodoni; Noel O.I. Cogan; Jacqueline Edwards (Australasian Plant Pathology, 2023)
Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is the most destructive disease of potatoes worldwide and is most notable as the cause of the Irish potato famine of the mid 1840’s. Whole mitochondrial genome sequences were generated from 44 Australian, two UK and one US isolates of P. infestans stored as either herbarium specimens or as recent samples on FTA cards, spanning the period 1873–2019. Mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence comparison confirmed that over the past c. 110 years, an old A1 strain of P. infestans has been present in Australia. There was evidence, however, that P. infestans had been introduced on multiple separate occasions in the early 1900s prior to the introduction of quarantine measures. The 44 Australian samples included six infected specimens of the Australian native kangaroo apple ( Solanum aviculare ) collected in 1911. The P. infestans mt genome sequences from these isolates clustered with P. infestans from infected potatoes collected in Victoria (1910, 1911, 1986, 1989), South Australia (1909, 2003) and Tasmania (1910, 2019), supporting the hypothesis that Australia has one old strain that has survived since the first arrival of the pathogen into the country. The study highlights the success of Australia’s potato biosecurity setting and supports the need for ongoing surveillance and biosecurity measures to prevent the introduction of the newer more aggressive strains of the pathogen.

Consumer price effects of deregulated electric generation markets: The case of Ohio and the midwestern United States - William M. Bowen; Edward (Ned) Hill; Andrew Thomas; Ruoran Liu; Mark Henning (Utilities Policy, 2023)

Acute inhalation of tungsten particles results in early signs of cardiac injury - Sage Templeton; Charlotte M. McVeigh; Colin Nguyen; Russell Hunter; David Scieszka; Guy W. Herbert; Edward B. Barr; Rui Liu; Haiwei Gu; Barry E. Bleske; Matthew J. Campen; Alicia M. Bolt (Toxicology Letters, 2023)

Food Insecurity and Adequacy of Dietary Intake in Youth and Young Adults With Youth-Onset Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes - Hope Bercaw; Lauren A. Reid; Jason A. Mendoza; Edward A. Frongillo; Katherine A. Sauder; Beth A. Reboussin; Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis; Dana Dabelea; Santica M. Marcovina; Carla Mercado; Angela D. Liese (Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2023)

Antibiotic resistance genes in food production systems support One Health opinions - James M. Tiedje; Yuhao Fu; Zhi Mei; Andreas Schäffer; Qingyuan Dou; Wulf Amelung; Martin Elsner; Joseph Adu-Gyamfi; Lee Heng; Marko Virta; Xin Jiang; Hauke Smidt; et al. (Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health, 2023)

Sequence Divergence in Venom Genes Within and Between Montane Pitviper (Viperidae: Crotalinae: Cerrophidion) Species is Driven by Mutation–Drift Equilibrium - Ramses Alejandro Rosales-García; Rhett M. Rautsaw; Erich P. Hofmann; Christoph I. Grünwald; Hector Franz-Chavez; Ivan T. Ahumada-Carrillo; Ricardo Ramirez-Chaparro; Miguel Angel de la Torre-Loranca; Jason L. Strickland; Andrew J. Mason; Matthew L. Holding; Miguel Borja; et al. (Journal of Molecular Evolution, 2023)

Use of geo-electric data in the determination of groundwater potentials and vulnerability mapping in the southern Benue Trough Nigeria - A. I. Opara; O.-O. I. Edward; M. O. Eyankware; O. C. Akakuru; I. C. Oli; H. M. Udeh (International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2023)

Complement component C1q is an immunological rheostat that regulates Fc:Fc$$γ$$R interactions - Edward C. So; Hua Zhou; Ariana Greenwell; Erin E. Burch; Yaping Ji; Emmanuel Y. Mérigeon; Henrik S. Olsen; Søren M. Bentzen; David S. Block; Xiaoyu Zhang; Scott E. Strome (Immunogenetics, 2023)

Natural attenuation of uranium in a fluvial Wetland: Importance of hydrology and speciation - Daniel I. Kaplan; Ronald J. Smith; Connor J. Parker; Kimberly A. Roberts; Pieter Hazenberg; Juan Morales; Edward J. O'Loughlin; Maxim I. Boyanov; Pamela Weisenhorn; Kenneth M. Kemner; Brian A. Powell (Applied Geochemistry, 2023)

Adaptive, multi-paddock, rotational grazing management alters foraging behavior and spatial grazing distribution of free-ranging cattle - David J. Augustine; Sean P. Kearney; Edward J. Raynor; Lauren M. Porensky; Justin D. Derner (Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2023)

Reconciling the onshore/offshore stratigraphy of the Canning Basin and implications for petroleum prospectivity - C. T. G. Yule; J. Daniell; D. S. Edwards; N. Rollet; E. M. Roberts (Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2023)

Legume re-establishment in northern temperate grasslands following application of aminocyclopyrachlor and aminopyralid - Edward W. Bork; Amanda J. Miller; Linda M. Hall (Crop Protection, 2023)

Seasonal and spatial variations in the distribution pattern, sources and impacts of microplastics along different coastal zones of Tamil Nadu, India - K. Immaculate Jeyasanta; M. Jayanthi; R.L. Laju; Jamila Patterson; Deepak S. Bilgi; Narmatha Sathish; J.K. Patterson Edward (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2023)

An improved method for determining frequency of multiple variants of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater using qPCR assays - Meghan Fuzzen; Nathanael B.J. Harper; Hadi A. Dhiyebi; Nivetha Srikanthan; Samina Hayat; Leslie M. Bragg; Shelley W. Peterson; Ivy Yang; J.X. Sun; Elizabeth A. Edwards; John P. Giesy; Chand S. Mangat; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2023)

Greener residential environment is associated with increased bacterial diversity in outdoor ambient air - Jennifer N. Styles; Andrey I. Egorov; Shannon M. Griffin; Jo Klein; J.W. Scott; Elizabeth A. Sams; Edward Hudgens; Chris Mugford; Jill R. Stewart; Kun Lu; Ilona Jaspers; Scott P. Keely; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2023)

Characterizing gear-based exploitation patterns of artisanal tuna fisheries in the western Indian Ocean: A snapshot from Kenya - Gladys M. Okemwa; Almubarak A. Abubakar; Fatuma Mzingirwa; Edward N. Kimani; Joseph N. Kamau; James M. Njiru; Warwick Sauer (Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2023)

Internal endpoint temperature (level of cooking doneness) effects on the fatty acid and mineral profiles of grilled lamb m. longissimus lumborum - Benjamin W.B. Holman; Stephanie M. Fowler; Kristy L. Bailes; Richard G. Meyer; David L. Hopkins; Edward H. Clayton (Meat Science, 2023)

Rapidly Changing Range Limits in a Warming World: Critical Data Limitations and Knowledge Gaps for Advancing Understanding of Mangrove Range Dynamics in the Southeastern USA - Rémi Bardou; Michael J. Osland; Steven Scyphers; Christine Shepard; Karen E. Aerni; Jahson B. Alemu I; Robert Crimian; Richard H. Day; Nicholas M. Enwright; Laura C. Feher; Sarah L. Gibbs; Kiera O’Donnell; et al. (Estuaries and Coasts, 2023)
Climate change is altering species’ range limits and transforming ecosystems. For example, warming temperatures are leading to the range expansion of tropical, cold-sensitive species at the expense of their cold-tolerant counterparts. In some temperate and subtropical coastal wetlands, warming winters are enabling mangrove forest encroachment into salt marsh, which is a major regime shift that has significant ecological and societal ramifications. Here, we synthesized existing data and expert knowledge to assess the distribution of mangroves near rapidly changing range limits in the southeastern USA. We used expert elicitation to identify data limitations and highlight knowledge gaps for advancing understanding of past, current, and future range dynamics. Mangroves near poleward range limits are often shorter, wider, and more shrublike compared to their tropical counterparts that grow as tall forests in freeze-free, resource-rich environments. The northern range limits of mangroves in the southeastern USA are particularly dynamic and climate sensitive due to abundance of suitable coastal wetland habitat and the exposure of mangroves to winter temperature extremes that are much colder than comparable range limits on other continents. Thus, there is need for methodological refinements and improved spatiotemporal data regarding changes in mangrove structure and abundance near northern range limits in the southeastern USA. Advancing understanding of rapidly changing range limits is critical for foundation plant species such as mangroves, as it provides a basis for anticipating and preparing for the cascading effects of climate-induced species redistribution on ecosystems and the human communities that depend on their ecosystem services.

Vegetation changes over time in Prairie Pothole Region reference wetlands - Christina L. M. Hargiss; Savannah Fritz Metz; Edward S. DeKeyser; Jack Norland; Breanna Kobiela; Deirdre A. Prischmann-Voldseth (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2023)

Aquatic insect accumulation of uranium at spring outflows in the Grand Canyon region as influenced by aqueous and sediment geochemistry and biological factors: implications for monitoring - Daniel J. Cain; Marie-Noële Croteau; Christopher C. Fuller; Kimberly R. Beisner; Kate M. Campbell; Deborah L. Stoliker; Edward R. Schenk (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2023)

Simulated effects of cover crops with no-tillage on soil and crop productivity in rainfed semi-arid cotton production systems - Jasdeep Singh; Srinivasulu Ale; Paul B. DeLaune; Edward M. Barnes (Soil and Tillage Research, 2023)

Recombinant equine FSH superovulation in the mare - Patrick M McCue; Emily M May; Brittany T Middlebrooks; Janet F Roser; Pablo J Ross; Edward L Squires (Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 2023)

Short-term and intermediate-term fine particulate air pollution are synergistically associated with habitual sleep variability in adolescents – A cross-sectional study - Fan He; Jeff D. Yanosky; Edward O. Bixler; Julio Fernandez-Mendoza; Vernon M. Chinchilli; Laila Al-Shaar; Alexandros N. Vgontzas; Duanping Liao (Environmental Research, 2023)

Corrigendum to “A functional size-spectrum model of the global marine ecosystem that resolves zooplankton composition”, Ecological Modelling, 2020, 435: 109265 - Ryan F. Heneghan; Jason D. Everett; Patrick Sykes; Sonia D. Batten; Martin Edwards; Kunio Takahashi; Iain M. Suthers; Julia L. Blanchard; Anthony J. Richardson (Ecological Modelling, 2023)

Long-term trends in nitrate and chloride in streams in an exurban watershed - Emma S. Castiblanco; Peter M. Groffman; Jonathan Duncan; Lawrence E. Band; Edward Doheny; Gary T. Fisher; Emma Rosi; Amanda K. Suchy (Urban Ecosystems, 2023)

The benefits of regular aerobic exercise training on cerebrovascular function and cognition in older adults - Edward S. Bliss; Samia M. Biki; Rachel H. X. Wong; Peter R. C. Howe; Dean E. Mills (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2023)
We compared the differences in cerebrovascular and cognitive function between 13 aerobic exercise trained, older adults and 13 age-, height- and sex-matched sedentary, untrained controls. We determined whether other measures accounted for differences in cerebrovascular and cognitive function between these groups and examined the associations between these functions. Participants undertook anthropometric, mood, cardiovascular, exercise performance, strength, cerebrovascular, and cognitive measurements, and a blood collection. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography determined cerebrovascular responsiveness (CVR) to hypercapnia and cognitive stimuli. The trained group had a higher CVR to hypercapnia (80.3 ± 7.2 vs 35.1 ± 6.7%, P < 0.001), CVR to cognitive stimuli (30.1 ± 2.9 vs 17.8 ± 1.4%, P = 0.001) and total composite cognitive score (117 ± 2 vs 98 ± 4, P < 0.001) than the controls. These parameters no longer remained statistically different between the groups following adjustments for covariates. There were positive correlations between the total composite cognitive score and CVR to hypercapnia ( r = 0.474, P = 0.014) and CVR to cognitive stimuli ( r = 0.685, P < 0.001). We observed a relationship between cerebrovascular and cognitive function in older adults and an interaction between regular lifelong aerobic exercise training and cardiometabolic factors that may directly influence these functions.

Climatic stability recorded in speleothems may contribute to higher biodiversity in the Cape Floristic Region - Kerstin Braun; Richard M. Cowling; Miryam Bar‐Matthews; Alan Matthews; Avner Ayalon; Tami Zilberman; Mark Difford; R. Lawrence Edwards; Xianglei Li; Curtis W. Marean (Journal of Biogeography, 2023)
Aim The geography and genesis of diversity remain an enduring topic in ecology and evolution. Mediterranean Climate Ecosystems (MCEs), with their high plant diversities in winter rainfall climates, pose a challenge to popular hypotheses evoking high water availability and temperature as necessary for the evolution of high diversity. We test the hypothesis of environmental stability as a driver for the evolution of regional‐scale floristic diversity using speleothem oxygen (δ 18 O) and carbon (δ 13 C) isotopic values as proxies for past climatic variability in the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) and other MCEs. Location south‐western Africa, California, Mediterranean Basin. Taxon Plantae. Methods We present new speleothem δ 18 O and δ 13 C records from a cave near Robertson in the western CFR. Stable isotope samples included in the analyses cover the time intervals between 240 and 670 ka BP with hiatuses at 630–500 ka and 360–310 ka. The dispersion of these stable isotope records is used as a measure for climatic variability. We compare our new analyses to speleothem records that cover full glacial and interglacial conditions in other MCEs (California and the Mediterranean Basin) as well as in eastern regions of the CFR. All sites used in this comparison have lower vascular plant biodiversity than the western CFR. Results Analyses of the dispersion of the δ 18 O and δ 13 C datasets suggest that the highly diverse western CFR experienced climatic stability across several glacial–interglacial cycles, compared with the less diverse regions within and outside of the CFR. Main Conclusion This result provides support for the hypothesis that lower extinction rates associated with Pleistocene biome stability may explain the higher diversity in the CFR relative to other MCEs.

Retaining natural vegetation to safeguard biodiversity and humanity - Jeremy S. Simmonds; Andres Felipe Suarez‐Castro; April E. Reside; James E. M. Watson; James R. Allan; Scott C. Atkinson; Pasquale Borrelli; Nigel Dudley; Stephen Edwards; Richard A. Fuller; Edward T. Game; Simon Linke; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2023)
Global efforts to deliver internationally agreed goals to reduce carbon emissions, halt biodiversity loss, and retain essential ecosystem services have been poorly integrated. These goals rely in part on preserving natural (e.g., native, largely unmodified) and seminatural (e.g., low intensity or sustainable human use) forests, woodlands, and grasslands. To show how to unify these goals, we empirically derived spatially explicit, quantitative, area‐based targets for the retention of natural and seminatural (e.g., native) terrestrial vegetation worldwide. We used a 250‐m‐resolution map of natural and seminatural vegetation cover and, from this, selected areas identified under different international agreements as being important for achieving global biodiversity, carbon, soil, and water targets. At least 67 million km 2 of Earth's terrestrial vegetation (∼79% of the area of vegetation remaining) required retention to contribute to biodiversity, climate, soil, and freshwater conservation objectives under 4 United Nations’ resolutions. This equates to retaining natural and seminatural vegetation across at least 50% of the total terrestrial (excluding Antarctica) surface of Earth. Retention efforts could contribute to multiple goals simultaneously, especially where natural and seminatural vegetation can be managed to achieve cobenefits for biodiversity, carbon storage, and ecosystem service provision. Such management can and should co‐occur and be driven by people who live in and rely on places where natural and sustainably managed vegetation remains in situ and must be complemented by restoration and appropriate management of more human‐modified environments if global goals are to be realized.

Assessment of Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) climate scenarios and its impacts on the Greater Accra region - Ebenezer K. Siabi; Edward A. Awafo; Amos T. Kabo-bah; Nana Sarfo Agyemang Derkyi; Komlavi Akpoti; Eric M. Mortey; Mashael Yazdanie (Urban Climate, 2023)

Thyroid hormone manipulation influences development of endothermy and hatching in white leghorn chickens (Gallus gallus) - Jessica Rippamonti; Edward M. Dzialowski (Journal of Thermal Biology, 2023)

Uranus ring occultation observations: 1977–2006 - Richard G. French; Colleen A. McGhee-French; Mitchell Gordon; Richard L. Baron; Amanda S. Bosh; Marc W. Buie; Nancy Chanover; Mary Ann Clark; Edward W. Dunham; Linda M. French; Ian S. Glass; Jay D. Goguen; et al. (Icarus, 2023)

Spectral reflectance properties of nontronite exposed to Mars-like surface conditions and low-temperature heating (<300 °C) - Nathalie Turenne; Sahejpal Sidhu; Daniel M. Applin; Edward A. Cloutis; Z.U. Wolf; Stanley A. Mertzman; Elisabeth M. Hausrath; Teresa Fornaro; Adrian Brown (Icarus, 2023)