Clinical and serological associations of autoantibodies to GW bodies and a novel cytoplasmic autoantigen GW182 - Theophany Eystathioy; Edward K. L. Chan; Ken Takeuchi; Michael Mahler; LeeAnne M. Luft; Douglas W. Zochodne; Marvin J. Fritzler (Journal of Molecular Medicine, 2003)

Above- and Belowground Competition from Longleaf Pine Plantations Limits Performance of Reintroduced Herbaceous Species - Timothy B. Harrington; Christa M. Dagley; M.Boyd Edwards (Forest Science, 2003)
Although overstory trees limit the abundance and species richness of herbaceous vegetation in longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) plantations, the responsible mechanisms are poorly understood because of confounding among limiting factors. In fall 1998, research was initiated to determine the separate effects of above- and belowground competition and needlefall from overstory pines on understory plant performance. Three 13- to 15-yr-old plantations near Aiken, SC, were thinned to 0, 25, 50, or 100% of nonthinned basal area (19.5 m2 ha-1). Combinations of trenching (to eliminate root competition) and needlefall were applied to areas within each plot, and containerized seedlings of 14 perennial herbaceous species and longleaf pine were planted within each. Overstory crown closure ranged from 0 to 81%, and soil water and available nitrogen varied consistently with pine stocking, trenching, or their combination. Cover of planted species decreased an average of 16.5 and 14.1% as a result of above- and belowground competition, respectively. Depending on species, needlefall effects were positive, negative, or negligible. Results indicate that understory restoration will be most successful when herbaceous species are established within canopy openings (0.1–0.2 ha) managed to minimize negative effects from above- and belowground competition and needlefall.

Precision of Dialysis (Peeper) Sampling of Cadmium in Marine Sediment Interstitial Water - J. R. Serbst; R. M. Burgess; A. Kuhn; P. A. Edwards; M. G. Cantwell; M. C. Pelletier; W. J. Berry (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2003)

Intestinal Lymphatic Transport of Halofantrine Occurs After Oral Administration of a Unit-Dose Lipid-Based Formulation to Fasted Dogs - Shui-Mei Khoo; David M. Shackleford; Christopher J. H. Porter; Glenn A. Edwards; William N. Charman (Pharmaceutical Research, 2003)

Estimating cotton evapotranspiration crop coefficients with a multispectral vegetation index - Douglas J. Hunsaker; Paul J. Pinter; Edward M. Barnes; Bruce A. Kimball (Irrigation Science, 2003)

The Tagliamento River: A model ecosystem of European importance - Klement Tockner; James V. Ward; David B. Arscott; Peter J. Edwards; Johannes Kollmann; Angela M. Gurnell; Geoffrey E. Petts; Bruno Maiolini (Aquatic Sciences, 2003)

Abundance and distribution of planktonic Archaea and Bacteria in the waters west of the Antarctic Peninsula - Matthew J. Church; Edward F. DeLong; Hugh W. Ducklow; Markus B. Karner; Christina M. Preston; David M. Karl (Limnology and Oceanography, 2003)
Polyribonucleotide probes targeting planktonic archaeal (Group I and II) and bacterial rRNA revealed that Archaea comprised a significant fraction of total prokaryote cell abundance in the marine waters west of the Antarctic Peninsula. Determinations of Archaea and Bacteria cell abundances were made during two research cruises to the Palmer Long‐Term Ecological Research region during the austral winter and summer of 1999. During the austral summer, surface water abundances of Group I (GI) Archaea were generally low, averaging 4.7 x 10 3 cells ml −1 and accounting for 1% of the total picoplankton assemblage. The abundance of GI Archaea increased significantly with depth, averaging 2.1 X 10 4 cells ml −1 and comprising 9–39% of the total picoplankton abundance in the meso‐ (150–1,000 m) and bathypelagic (1,000–3,500 m) circumpolar deep water (CDW). Relative to summertime distributions, GI cells were more evenly distributed throughout the water column during the winter, averaging 10% of the picoplankton in the surface waters and 13% in the CDW. Surface water GI abundance increased 44% between the summer and winter, coincident with a fivefold decrease in GI abundance in the deeper waters. The abundance of Group II (GII) Archaea was persistently 5 cells ml −1 and comprised 89% of the total picoplankton assemblage. Generally, GI Archaea varied seasonally in the deeper waters, whereas bacterial abundance varied more in the upper waters. The observed variability in bacterial and archaeal abundance suggests that these two groups of marine picoplankton are dynamic components of Southern Ocean microbial food webs.

Differences in native soil ecology associated with invasion of the exotic annual chenopod, Halogeton glomeratus - Jeffrey J. Duda; D. Carl Freeman; John M. Emlen; Jayne Belnap; Stanley G. Kitchen; John C. Zak; Edward Sobek; Mary Tracy; James Montante (Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2003)

Renal cysteine conjugate C-S lyase mediated toxicity of halogenated alkenes in primary cultures of human and rat proximal tubular cells - Trevor A. McGoldrick; Edward A. Lock; Vicente Rodilla; Gabrielle M. Hawksworth (Archives of Toxicology, 2003)

Upscaling of Channel Systems in Two Dimensions Using Flow-Based Grids - X. H. Wen; L. J. Durlofsky; M. G. Edwards (Transport in Porous Media, 2003)

Reduced hybrid cluster proteins (HCP) from Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 27774 and Desulfovibrio vulgaris (Hildenborough): X-ray structures at high resolution using synchrotron radiation - David Aragão; Sofia Macedo; Edward P. Mitchell; Célia V. Romão; Ming Y. Liu; Carlos Frazão; Lígia M. Saraiva; António V. Xavier; Jean LeGall; Walter M. A. M. van Dongen; Wilfred R. Hagen; Miguel Teixeira; et al. (JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2003)

Effects of ultraviolet radiation on toad early life stages - Edward E. Little; Robin D. Calfee; David L. Fabacher; Cynthia Carey; Vicki S. Blazer; Elizabeth M. Middleton (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2003)

Minisatellite DNA profiling detects lineages and parentage in the endangered kakapo (Strigops habroptilus) despite low microsatellite DNA variation - Hilary C. Miller; David M. Lambert; Craig D. Millar; Bruce C. Robertson; Edward O. Minot (Conservation Genetics, 2003)

The influence of size‐dependent life‐history traits on the structure and dynamics of populations and communities - André M. De Roos; Lennart Persson; Edward McCauley (Ecology Letters, 2003)
Individual organisms often show pronounced changes in body size throughout life with concomitant changes in ecological performance. We synthesize recent insight into the relationship between size dependence in individual life history and population dynamics. Most studies have focused on size‐dependent life‐history traits and population size‐structure in the highest trophic level, which generally leads to population cycles with a period equal to the juvenile delay. These cycles are driven by differences in competitiveness of differently sized individuals. In multi‐trophic systems, size dependence in life‐history traits at lower trophic levels may have consequences for both the dynamics and structure of communities, as size‐selective predation may lead to the occurrence of emergent Allee effects and the stabilization of predator–prey cycles. These consequences are linked to that individual development is density dependent. We conjecture that especially this population feedback on individual development may lead to new theoretical insight compared to theory based on unstructured or age‐dependent models. Density‐dependent individual development may also cause individuals to realize radically different life histories, dependent on the state and dynamics of the population during their life and may therefore have consequences for individual behaviour or the evolution of life‐history traits as well.

Chaetae and mechanical function: tools no Metazoan class should be without - Sarah A. Woodin; Rachel A. Merz; Florence M. Thomas; Deirdre R. Edwards; Irene L. Garcia (Hydrobiologia, 2003)

Parallel changes in agonistic and non-agonistic behaviors during dominance hierarchy formation in crayfish - J. Herberholz; M. M. Sen; D. H. Edwards (Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 2003)

A reagent-based strategy for the design of large combinatorial libraries: A preliminary experimental validation - Gergely M. Makara; Huw Nash; Zhongli Zheng; Jean-Paul A. Orminati; Edward A. Wintner (Molecular Diversity, 2003)

Understanding Climatic Impacts, Vulnerabilities, and Adaptation in the United States: Building a Capacity for Assessment - Edward A. Parson; Robert W. Corell; Eric J. Barron; Virginia Burkett; Anthony Janetos; Linda Joyce; Thomas R. Karl; Michael C. MacCracken; Jerry Melillo; M. Granger Morgan; David S. Schimel; Thomas Wilbanks (Climatic Change, 2003)

Class I molecules with similar peptide-binding specificities are the result of both common ancestry and convergent evolution - Alessandro Sette; John Sidney; Brian D. Livingston; John L. Dzuris; Claire Crimi; Christopher M. Walker; Scott Southwood; Edward J. Collins; Austin L. Hughes (Immunogenetics, 2003)

Differential expression of c-fos and c-myc protooncogenes by estrogens, xenobiotics and other growth-stimulatory agents in primary rat hepatocytes - Chow H. Lee; Anthony M. Edwards (Archives of Toxicology, 2003)

Molecular diversity among marine picophytoplankton as revealed by psbA analyses - Gil Zeidner; Christina M. Preston; Edward F. Delong; Ramon Massana; Anton F. Post; David J. Scanlan; Oded Béjà (Environmental Microbiology, 2003)
Summary Photosynthetic microorganisms play a crucial role in the marine environment. In vast areas of the oceans, marine primary productivity is performed by cells smaller than 2–3 µm (picoplankton). Here, we report on molecular analyses of the conserved photosynthetic psbA gene (coding for protein D1 of photosystem II reaction centre) as a diversity indicator of naturally occurring marine oxygenic picophytoplankton. The psbA genes proved to be good indicators of the presence of a wide variety of photosynthetic marine microbial groups, including new cyanobacterial groups and eukaryotic algae (prasinophytes). Furthermore, using environmental bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries, we were able to correlate psbA genes with small subunit rRNAs and, therefore, to confirm their phylogenetic affiliation.

Multiproxy Devensian Late‐glacial and Holocene environmental records at an Atlantic coastal site in Shetland - Graeme Whittington; Paul Buckland; Kevin. J. Edwards; Malcolm Greenwood; Adrian M. Hall; Marie Robinson (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2003)
Marine erosion at Clettnadal, West Burra island off the west coast of Shetland, caused the drainage of a small water body at Clettnadal, exposing deposits of Late Devensian and Holocene age. Pollen, diatom and invertebrate analyses have provided variable records of environmental change during stratigraphical event GI‐1. Event GS‐1 is revealed by the non‐pollen evidence, especially by Coleoptera, by sediment stratigraphy, and by radiocarbon dating. In contrast, the pollen evidence indicates that an arctic tundra flora, in which dwarf shrubs were prominent, persisted throughout the Late‐glacial. The Holocene brought colonisation by tree birch, but by ca. 9000 14 C yr BP the taxon had almost disappeared. This contrasts strongly with other Holocene pollen records for Shetland where both Betula and Corylus avellana ‐type survived longer—at some sites, for example, until ca. 2900 yr BP. The extreme westerly and exposed coastal situation of Clettnadal appears to be responsible both for a muted Late‐glacial response in the pollen record of terrestrial vegetation and for the early replacement of woodland by a maritime grassland. The results provoke questions concerning biological stability at times of marked climatic change. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Microstimulation of macaque V1 disrupts target selection: effects of stimulation polarity - Edward J. Tehovnik; Warren M. Slocum (Experimental Brain Research, 2003)

The effects of graded compression of the median nerve in the carpal canal on grip force - Kelly J. Cole; Curtis M. Steyers; Edward K. Graybill (Experimental Brain Research, 2003)

N ylon B arium S ulphate G illnet R educes P orpoise and S eabird M ortality - Edward A. Trippel; Norman L. Holy; Debra L. Palka; Travis D. Shepherd; Gary D. Melvin; John M. Terhune (Marine Mammal Science, 2003)

Effects of flooding and temperature on dormancy break in seeds of the summer annual mudflat species Ammannia coccinea and Rotala ramosior (Lythraceae) - Carol C. Baskin; Jerry M. Baskin; Edward W. Chester (Wetlands, 2002)

Sound Production by Adult Haddock, Melanogrammus Aeglefinus, in Isolation, Pairs and Trios - Amanda A. Bremner; Edward A. Trippel; John M. Terhune (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2002)

Studies of the transferability of microsatellites derived from Triticum tauschii to hexaploid wheat and to diploid related species using amplification, hybridization and sequence comparisons - H. Guyomarc'h; P. Sourdille; K. Edwards; M. Bernard (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2002)

Monitoring the Penetration Enhancer Dimethyl Sulfoxide in Human Stratum Corneum in Vivo by Confocal Raman Spectroscopy - Peter J. Caspers; Adrian C. Williams; Elizabeth A. Carter; Howell G. M. Edwards; Brian W. Barry; Hajo A. Bruining; Gerwin J. Puppels (Pharmaceutical Research, 2002)

SNPs in putative regulatory regions identified by human mouse comparative sequencing and transcription factor binding site data - Poulabi Banerjee; Melanie Bahlo; Jody R. Schwartz; Gabriela G. Loots; Kathryn A. Houston; Inna Dubchak; Terence P. Speed; Edward M. Rubin (Mammalian Genome, 2002)

Does the cerebellum play a role in podokinetic adaptation? - Gammon M. Earhart; William A. Fletcher; Fay B. Horak; Edward W. Block; Kimberly D. Weber; Oksana Suchowersky; Geoffrey Melvill Jones (Experimental Brain Research, 2002)

Data-mining analyses of pharmacovigilance signals in relation to relevant comparison drugs - Bate A.; Lindquist M.; Orre R.; Edwards I.; Meyboom R. (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2002)

The family Tymoviridae - G. P. Martelli; S. Sabanadzovic; N. Abou-Ghanem Sabanadzovic; M. C. Edwards; T. Dreher (Archives of Virology, 2002)

Genetic mapping of 66 new microsatellite (SSR) loci in bread wheat - P. Gupta; H. Balyan; K. Edwards; P. Isaac; V. Korzun; M. Röder; M.–F. Gautier; P. Joudrier; A. Schlatter; J. Dubcovsky; R. De la Pena; M. Khairallah; et al. (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2002)

Effects of aerobic fitness training on human cortical function - Arthur F. Kramer; Stanley Colcombe; Kirk Erickson; Artem Belopolsky; Edward McAuley; Neal J. Cohen; Andrew Webb; Gerald J. Jerome; David X. Marquez; Tracey M. Wszalek (Journal of Molecular Neuroscience, 2002)

Nonsyndromic recessive deafness DFNB18 and Usher syndrome type IC are allelic mutations of USHIC - Zubair M. Ahmed; Tenesha N. Smith; Saima Riazuddin; Tomoko Makishima; Manju Ghosh; Sirosh Bokhari; Puthezhath S. Menon; Dilip Deshmukh; Andrew J. Griffith; Sheikh Riazuddin; Thomas B. Friedman; Edward R. Wilcox (Human Genetics, 2002)

Characterisation of polymorphic microsatellite markers from Aegilops tauschii and transferability to the D-genome of bread wheat - H. Guyomarc'h; P. Sourdille; G. Charmet; K. Edwards; M. Bernard (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2002)

A high degree of genetic diversity is revealed in Isatis spp. (dyer's woad) by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) - K. Gilbert; S. Garton; M. Karam; G. Arnold; A. Karp; K. Edwards; D. Cooke; J. Barker (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2002)

Determination of Total Mercury in Fish Tissues using Combustion Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with Gold Amalgamation - James V. Cizdziel; Thomas A. Hinners; Edward M. Heithmar (Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2002)

Rates of Molecular Evolution in RNA Viruses: A Quantitative Phylogenetic Analysis - Gareth M. Jenkins; Andrew Rambaut; Oliver G. Pybus; Edward C. Holmes (Journal of Molecular Evolution, 2002)

Evolution of Duplicated reggie Genes in Zebrafish and Goldfish - Edward Málaga-Trillo; Ute Laessing; Dirk M. Lang; Axel Meyer; Claudia A.O. Stuermer (Journal of Molecular Evolution, 2002)

Estimating recharge at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, USA: comparison of methods - Alan L. Flint; Lorraine E. Flint; Edward M. Kwicklis; June T. Fabryka-Martin; Gudmundur S. Bodvarsson (Hydrogeology Journal, 2002)

Genes Affecting Aging: Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci in Drosophila melanogaster Using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) - L.S. Luckinbill; Edward M. Golenberg (Genetica, 2002)

Development of Stem-base Pathogens on Different Cultivars of Winter Wheat Determined by Quantitative PCR - P. Nicholson; A.S. Turner; S.G. Edwards; G.L. Bateman; L.W. Morgan; D.W. Parry; J. Marshall; M. Nuttall (European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2002)

Research Needs for Understanding and Predicting the Behavior of Managed Ecosystems: Lessons from the Study of Agroecosystems - John M. Antle; Susan M. Capalbo; Edward T. Elliott; H. William Hunt; Siân Mooney; Keith H. Paustian (Ecosystems, 2001)

Stoichiometric food quality and herbivore dynamics - Erik B. Muller; Roger M. Nisbet; Sebastiaan A. L. M. Kooijman; James J. Elser; Edward McCauley (Ecology Letters, 2001)
Herbivores may grow with nutrient or energy limitation, depending on food abundance and the chemical composition of their food. We present a model that describes herbivore growth as a continuous function of two limiting factors. This function uses the synthesizing unit concept, has the hyperbolic Monod model as a limiting case, and has the same number of parameters as the Monod model coupled to Liebig’s discontinuous minimum rule. We use the model to explore nutrient‐limited herbivore growth in a closed system with algae, Daphnia and phosphorus as the limiting nutrient. Phosphorus in algae may substantially influence Daphnia growth. This influence changes over time and is most pronounced when algae and Daphnia populations fluctuate strongly. Relative to classic models that only consider food quantity as a determinant of Daphnia growth, our model shows richer dynamical behaviour. In addition to the standard positive equilibrium, which may be stable or unstable depending on nutrient availability, a new positive equilibrium may arise in our model when mortality rates are relatively high. This equilibrium is unstable and reduces the likelihood of long‐term persistence of Daphnia in the system.

Colonization of an island volcano, Long Island, Papua New Guinea, and an emergent island, Motmot, in its caldera lake. VII. Overview and discussion - I. W. B. Thornton; S. Cook; J. S. Edwards; R. D. Harrison; C. Schipper; M. Shanahan; R. Singadan; R. Yamuna (Journal of Biogeography, 2001)
Location, aims Long Island's biota was destroyed by volcanic eruption in c. 1645, and Motmot, an emergent island in its caldera lake, was re‐created in 1968, providing a nested pair of natural colonization sequences. In 1999 we surveyed the plants and vertebrates of Long and the entire biota of Motmot for comparison with previous surveys of Long (1932, 1972, birds only) and Motmot (1969–88). Results The known flora of Long is 305 vascular plants (thirty‐two pteridophytes, 273 spermatophytes), including thirty‐one Ficus species, the sixteen fruiting all having pollinating wasps, and there were eleven species of effective fig dispersers. There were two frog species, a crocodile, a monitor, seven skinks, four geckos, a boid snake, fifty species non‐migrant land birds, seven bats, two rats, a cuscus (probably introduced) and feral pigs, dogs, cats and chickens. Most of Motmot's surface was barren or sparsely vegetated ash, cinder and lava fields. There were seven pteridophyte and thirty‐eight spermatophyte species, including eight Ficus , and the cumulative known flora comprises eleven pteridophytes and fifty‐one spermatophytes, mainly zoochorous and anemochorous, with sedges, grasses and herbs predominating. All Ficus individuals but one were small; three plants of two species bore syconia but had not been pollinated and had not set seed. Motmot's known invertebrate fauna comprises thirty‐five species, mainly predators and scavengers; two spider and one ant species dominating. An insectivorous bat and eight land bird species (three breeding) were the only vertebrates. Main conclusions Long's biota comprised mainly widely distributed species with broad ecological tolerances, well‐adapted for colonizing species‐poor islands. The mid‐level caldera plateau, as in 1932, was covered in fairly open forest of similar‐sized trees with a few much larger individuals and little or no understorey. Primary rain forest tree species from the region were under‐represented or absent but secondary forest species were common. There were few regional endemic Ficus species. The avifauna comprised species with good dispersal ability, lacked endemic subspecies and probably for at least the past seven decades has been held at a quasi‐equilibrium of fifty species, fourteen below the theoretical number. More than half the fifty‐four resident land birds known from Long (and three of the seven bats) are high class tramps in the sense of Diamond; only two birds are high‐S species. Turnover has been low and none of the bird super tramps has been replaced. The non‐avian fauna comprised mostly high‐category tramptype species with relatively broad habitat requirements and extensive geographical ranges. Non‐volant vertebrates comprised a number of highly vagile species associated with humans. Several groups, especially snakes and amphibians, were depauperate compared with the fauna of other islands in the area. Long's biota is evidently held at an arrested stage of development by some physical factor, possibly the extremely porous substratum and relatively dry climate. The allochthonous input of lake insects to Motmot evidently provides the major energy source for its animal communities, with a very minor contribution from organic flotsam. Reflecting Motmot's very isolated situation, plant colonization has been slow, but when more fig individuals mature and fig–wasp populations become established fruit production should attract frugivores and start a positive feedback process which will accelerate the growth of Motmot's community. Long's colonization shows similarities with that of Krakatau (Sunda Strait, Indonesia) after the 1883 eruption, and species shared by the two include a high proportion of pioneer species. Motmot's triple isolation (sea, land and fresh‐water barriers) means that its colonization differs markedly from those on two marine emergent islands of the region, Tuluman (Admiralty Group) and Anak Krakatau.

Colonization of an island volcano, Long Island, Papua New Guinea, and an emergent island, Motmot, in its caldera lake. VII. Overview and discussion - I. W. B. Thornton; S. Cook; J. S. Edwards; R. D. Harrison; C. Schipper; M. Shanahan; R. Singadan; R. Yamuna (Journal of Biogeography, 2001)

Distinct Stages of Protein Evolution as Suggested by Protein Sequence Analysis - Edward N. Trifonov; Alla Kirzhner; Valery M. Kirzhner; Igor N. Berezovsky (Journal of Molecular Evolution, 2001)

Genetic, physical, and phenotypic characterization of the Del(13)Svea36H mouse - Ruth M. Arkell; Matthew Cadman; Tracy Marsland; Anne Southwell; Caroline Thaung; Jennifer R. Davies; Toni Clay; Colin V. Beechey; Edward P. Evans; Mark A. Strivens; Steve D.M. Brown; Paul Denny (Mammalian Genome, 2001)

Evaluating Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure with Satellite Data at Sites of Amphibian Declines in Central and South America - Elizabeth M. Middleton; Jay R. Herman; Edward A. Celarier; John W. Wilkinson; Cynthia Carey; Robert J. Rusin (Conservation Biology, 2001)
Many amphibian species have experienced substantial population declines or have disappeared altogether during the last several decades at a number of amphibian survey sites in Central and South America. Our study addresses the use of trends in solar UV‐B radiation exposure (280–320 nm) at these sites over the last two decades, derived from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer satellite data. It is intended to demonstrate a role for satellite observations in determining whether UV‐B radiation is a contributing factor in amphibian declines. We used these data to calculate the daily erythemal (sunburning) UV‐B, or UV‐B ery , exposure at the latitude, longitude, and elevation of each of 20 survey sites. The annually averaged UV‐B ery dose, as well as the maximum values, have been increasing in both Central and South America, with higher levels reached at the Central American sites. The annually averaged UV‐B ery exposure increased significantly from 1979–1998 at all 11 Central American sites we examined ( r 2 = 0.60–0.79; p ≤ 0.015), with smaller but significant increases at five of the nine South American sites ( r 2 = 0.24–0.42; p ≤ 0.05). The number of days having the highest UV‐B exposure (≥6.75 kJ/m 2 /day) increased in both regions from r 2 = 0.24–0.42; p ≤ 0.001). In Central America, the contribution of these very high UV‐B ery exposure levels to the annual UV‐B ery total increased from approximately 5 to approximately 15% over the 19‐year period, but actual daily exposures for each species are unknown. A UV‐B ratio, the highest monthly UV‐B exposure relative to the annual average for the highest UV‐B category (≥6.75 kJ/m 2 ), increased in both regions over this time period ( r 2 = 0.73; p ≤ 0.001). This UV index was consistently higher for Central America, where species declines have been the most severe. These results should justify further research into whether UV‐B ery radiation plays a role in amphibian population declines and extinctions. We discuss synergy among UV‐B radiation and other factors, especially those associated with alterations of water chemistry (e.g., acidification) in aqueous habitats.

A maize bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library from the European flint inbred line F2 - D. M. O’Sullivan; P. J. Ripoll; M. Rodgers; K. J. Edwards (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2001)

The test-retest reliability of gas exchange kinetics in humans using a pseudo random binary sequence exercise test - A. M. Edwards; N. V. Challis; J. H. Chapman; D. B. Claxton; M. L. Fysh (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2001)

Diversity, genetic structure and evidence of outcrossing in British populations of the rock fern Adiantum capillus‐veneris using microsatellites - K. V. Pryor; J. E. Young; F. J. Rumsey; K. J. Edwards; M. W. Bruford; H. J. Rogers (Molecular Ecology, 2001)
Microsatellites were isolated and a marker system was developed in the fern Adiantum capillus‐veneris . Polymorphic markers were then used to study the genetic diversity and structure of populations within the UK and Ireland where this species grows at the northern edge of its range, requiring a specific rock habitat and limited to a few scattered populations. Three dinucleotide loci detected a high level of diversity (23 alleles and 28 multilocus genotypes) across the UK and Ireland, with nearly all variation partitioned among rather than within populations. Of 17 populations represented by multiple samples, all except four were monomorphic. Heterozygosity was detected in three populations, all within Glamorgan, Wales (UK), showing evidence of outcrossing. We make inferences on the factors determining the observed levels and patterns of genetic variation and the possible evolutionary history of the populations.

Potassium nutrition effects on seed alkaloid concentrations, yield and mineral content of lupins (Lupinus angustifolius) - P. Gremigni; M. T. F. Wong; N. K. Edwards; D. Harris; J. Hamblin (Plant and Soil, 2001)

Novel Chemistry of Abdominal Defensive Glands of Nymphalid Butterfly Agraulis vanillae - Gary N. Ross; Henry M. Fales; Helen A. Lloyd; Tappey Jones; Edward A. Sokoloski; Kimberly Marshall-Batty; Murray S. Blum (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2001)

Ambient air levels of Aspergillus fumigatus and thermophilic actinomycetes in a residential neighborhood near a yard-waste composting facility - Gregg M. Recer; Marilyn L. Browne; Edward G. Horn; Kenneth M. Hill; William F. Boehler (Aerobiologia, 2001)

Physiological comparisons among three maximal treadmill exercise protocols in trained and untrained individuals - Jie Kang; Edward C. Chaloupka; M. Alysia Mastrangelo; Gregory B. Biren; Robert J. Robertson (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2001)

Effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine in rats - Stephanie L. Collins; Melissa A. Edwards; Kathleen M. Kantak (Psychopharmacology, 2001)

Proteomic analysis reveals a novel set of cell wall proteins in a transformed tobacco cell culture that synthesises secondary walls as determined by biochemical and morphological parameters - Kristopher A. Blee; Edward R. Wheatley; Victoria A. Bonham; Geoffrey P. Mitchell; Duncan Robertson; Antoni R. Slabas; Michael M. Burrell; Przemyslaw Wojtaszek; G. Paul Bolwell (Planta, 2001)

Validation of Rapid Velocity Encoded Cine Imaging of a Dynamically Complex Flow Field Using Turbo Block Regional Interpolation Scheme for k Space - Eduardo Kortright; Mark Doyle; Andreas S. Anayiotos; Edward G. Walsh; Anthon R. Fuisz; Gerald M. Pohost (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2001)

Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers survey of the cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genome: towards an SSR-based molecular genetic map of cassava - R. E. C. Mba; P. Stephenson; K. Edwards; S. Melzer; J. Nkumbira; U. Gullberg; K. Apel; M. Gale; J. Tohme; M. Fregene (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2001)

Analysis of Factors Influencing Simulations of the 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-Oki and 1964 Alaska Tsunamis - Edward P. Myers; António M. Baptista (Natural Hazards, 2001)

Critical factors for the formation of a nickel-copper deposit in an evolved magma system: lessons from a comparison of the Pants Lake and Voisey's Bay sulfide occurrences in Labrador, Canada - Chusi Li; Anthony J. Naldrett; Edward M. Ripley (Mineralium Deposita, 2001)

AN IN VITRO MODEL FOR MURINE URETERIC EPITHELIAL CELLS - P. LaMont Bryant; Lola M. Reid; Edward S. Diala; Barbara D. Abbott; Angela R. Buckalew (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2001)

Aerobic biotransformation of 4-fluorocinnamic acid to 4-fluorobenzoic acid - Luisa M. Freitas dos Santos; Arnaud Spicq; Anthony P. New; Giuseppe Lo Biundo; Jean-Claude Wolff; Andrew Edwards (Biodegradation, 2001)

Effects of supplemental alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene on urinary tract cancer: incidence and mortality in a controlled trial (Finland) - Jarmo Virtamo; Brenda K. Edwards; Mikko Virtanen; Philip R. Taylor; Nea Malila; Demetrius Albanes; Jussi K. Huttunen; Anne M. Hartman; Päivi Hietanen; Hanna Mäenpää; Leopold Koss; Stig Nordling; et al. (Cancer Causes & Control, 2000)

Microsatellites for Barren Brome ( Anisantha sterilis ) - J. M. Green; K. J. Edwards; S. L. Usher; J. H. A. Barker; E. J. P. Marshall; R. J. Froud‐Williams; A. Karp (Molecular Ecology, 2000)

Genome scan identifies a locus affecting gamma-globin level in human beta-cluster YAC transgenic mice - Sluan D. Lin; Phil Cooper; Jingly Fung; Heinz-Ulrich G. Weier; Edward M. Rubin (Mammalian Genome, 2000)

Metal substitution in transferrins: specific binding of cerium(IV) revealed by the crystal structure of cerium-substituted human lactoferrin - Heather M. Baker; Christina J. Baker; Clyde A. Smith; Edward N. Baker (JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2000)

Intact negative patterning in rats with fornix or combined perirhinal and postrhinal cortex lesions - Timothy J. Bussey; Rebecca Dias; Edward S. Redhead; John M. Pearce; Janice L. Muir; John P. Aggleton (Experimental Brain Research, 2000)

Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) induces a quasi-morphine abstinence syndrome in the rat - David H. Malin; J. Ronald Lake; William D. Moon; Debora Moy; Ana L. Montellano; Edward Moy; Tracy D. Campbell; Maurice V. Bell; Dana Bryant; Laura M. Harrison; David K. Grandy (Psychopharmacology, 2000)

Comparative toxicity of trivalent and pentavalent inorganic and methylated arsenicals in rat and human cells - Miroslav Styblo; Luz M. Del Razo; Libia Vega; Dori R. Germolec; Edward L. LeCluyse; Geraldine A. Hamilton; William Reed; Changqing Wang; William R. Cullen; David J. Thomas (Archives of Toxicology, 2000)

The 31 P–NMR Stress Test: An Approach for Detecting Myocardial Ischemia - Edward J. Butterworth; William T. Evanochko; Gerald M. Pohost (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2000)

Abstracts - Danuta Babula; Malgorzata Ruminska; Jan Sadowski; Josep M. Folch; Ramona Natacha Pena; Agustina Coll; Armand Sánchez; James M. H. Kijas; Leif Andersson; Dušan Kordiš; Franc Gubenšek; Gregor Majdič; et al. (Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 2000)

Mulching potatoes: Aspects of mulch management systems and soil erosion - Linnell M. Edwards; Anja Volk; Jack R. Burney (American Journal of Potato Research, 2000)

Development and incorporation of microsatellite markers into the linkage map of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris spp.) - S. J. Rae; C. Aldam; I. Dominguez; M. Hoebrechts; S. R. Barnes; K. J. Edwards (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2000)

Frontal-Lobe Involvement in Spatial Memory: Evidence from PET, fMRI, and Lesion Studies - Roy P. C. Kessels; Albert Postma; Elze M. Wijnalda; Edward H. F. de Haan (Neuropsychology Review, 2000)

2-Methoxyestradiol: an Endogenous Antiangiogenic and Antiproliferative Drug Candidate - Victor S. Pribluda; Edward R. Gubish; Edward R. Gubish; Theresa M. LaVallee; Anthony Treston; Glenn M. Swartz; Shawn J. Green (Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, 2000)

Isolation and Identification of Ruminal Methanogens from Grazing Cattle - Graeme N. Jarvis; Carsten Strömpl; Diana M. Burgess; Lucy C. Skillman; Edward R. B. Moore; Keith N. Joblin (Current Microbiology, 2000)

Pollen‐based biomes for Beringia 18,000, 6000 and 0 14 C yr bp † - M. E. Edwards; P. M. Anderson; L. B. Brubaker; T. A. Ager; A. A. Andreev; N. H. Bigelow; L. C. Cwynar; W. R. Eisner; S. P. Harrison; F.‐S. Hu; D. Jolly; A. V. Lozhkin; et al. (Journal of Biogeography, 2000)
The objective biomization method developed by Prentice et al . (1996) for Europe was extended using modern pollen samples from Beringia and then applied to fossil pollen data to reconstruct palaeovegetation patterns at 6000 and 18,000 14 C yr bp . The predicted modern distribution of tundra, taiga and cool conifer forests in Alaska and north‐western Canada generally corresponds well to actual vegetation patterns, although sites in regions characterized today by a mosaic of forest and tundra vegetation tend to be preferentially assigned to tundra. Siberian larch forests are delimited less well, probably due to the extreme under‐representation of Larix in pollen spectra. The biome distribution across Beringia at 6000 14 C yr bp was broadly similar to today, with little change in the northern forest limit, except for a possible northward advance in the Mackenzie delta region. The western forest limit in Alaska was probably east of its modern position. At 18,000 14 C yr bp the whole of Beringia was covered by tundra. However, the importance of the various plant functional types varied from site to site, supporting the idea that the vegetation cover was a mosaic of different tundra types.

pGreen: a versatile and flexible binary Ti vector for Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation - Roger P. Hellens; E. Anne Edwards; Nicola R. Leyland; Samantha Bean; Philip M. Mullineaux (Plant Molecular Biology, 2000)

Microsatellite primers for the kakapo (Strigops habroptilus) and their utility in other parrots - Bruce C. Robertson; Edward O. Minot; David M. Lambert (Conservation Genetics, 2000)

Effects of supplemental α-tocopherol and β-carotene on colorectal cancer: results from a controlled trial (Finland) - Demetrius Albanes; Nea Malila; Philip R. Taylor; Jussi K. Huttunen; Jarmo Virtamo; Brenda K. Edwards; Matti Rautalahti; Anne M. Hartman; Michael J. Barrett; Pirjo Pietinen; Terryl J. Hartman; Pentti Sipponen; et al. (Cancer Causes & Control, 2000)

Partitioning linear trends in age-adjusted rates - Benjamin F. Hankey; Lynn A. Ries; Carol L. Kosary; Eric J. Feuer; Ray M. Merrill; Limin X. Clegg; Brenda K. Edwards (Cancer Causes & Control, 2000)

Characterization of the spatio‐temporal patterns of global fire activity using satellite imagery for the period April 1992 to March 1993 - Edward Dwyer; José M. C. Pereira; Jean‐Marie Grégoire; Carlos C. DaCamara (Journal of Biogeography, 2000)
Summary Aim This paper describes the characteristics of the spatio‐temporal distribution of vegetation fires as detected from satellite data for the 12 months April 1992 to March 1993. Location Fires are detected daily at a spatial resolution of 1 km for all land areas of the globe. Methods From the fire location information a daily gridded product at 0.5° by 0.5° has been constructed. Two methods of characterizing the spatio‐temporal pattern of vegetation fires are discussed. The first applies empirical orthogonal function analysis to the monthly series of gridded data. The second approach defines and extracts a number of spatial and temporal parameters from the gridded product. The descriptive parameters extracted are used in a cluster analysis in order to group cells with similar characteristics into a small number of classes. Results Using daily global satellite observations, it is possible to characterize the spatial and temporal variability in fire activity. Most of this variability is within the tropical belt, where the majority of fire activity is concentrated, nonetheless fire was also detected in temperate and boreal regions. The period in which fire occurred varied from region to region. Parameterization provided a very synthetic view of this variability facilitating regional intercomparison. Clustering identifies five classes of fire activity, each of which can be associated with particular climatic conditions, vegetation types and land‐use. Main conclusions Global monitoring of vegetation fire from satellite is possible. The analysis provides a coherent, consistent and synoptic view of global fire activty with one data set. The type of information extracted can be of use in global atmospheric chemistry modelling and for studying the role of fire in relation to global change issues.

Abstracts of presentations on selected topics at the XIVth international plant protection congress (IPPC) July 25–30, 1999 - R. Hull; H. A. Kuiper; Maryvon Y. Noordam; Marjorie A. Hoy; Jenny S. Cory; A. C. Fereres; P. Gonzalez; F. Meins; Y. Elkind; Benedicte Charrier; P. Meyer; M. Metzlaff; et al. (Phytoparasitica, 1999)

Expression of a conifer glutamine synthetase gene in transgenic poplar - Fernando Gallardo; Jianming Fu; Francisco R. Cantón; Angel García-Gutiérrez; Francisco M. Cánovas; Edward G. Kirby (Planta, 1999)

Optimisation of a Microsatellite Enrichment Technique in Saccharum spp. - Giovanni M. Cordeiro; Tina L. Maguire; Keith J. Edwards; Robert J. Henry (Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 1999)

Mazeno Pass Pluton and Jutial Pluton, Pakistan Himalaya: age and implications for entrapment mechanisms of two granites in the Himalaya - D. A. Schneider; M. A. Edwards; P. K. Zeitler; C. D. Coath (Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 1999)

Combination benefit of PEGylated soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type I (PEG sTNF-RI) and dexamethasone or indomethacin in adjuvant arthritic rats - A. M. Bendele; J. McComb; T. Gould; J. Frazier; E. S. Chlipala; J. Seely; G. Kieft; J. Wolf; C. K. Edwards, III (Inflammation Research, 1999)

Molecular sexing of individual kakapo, Strigops habroptilus Aves, from faeces - Bruce C. Robertson; Edward O. Minot; David M. Lambert (Molecular Ecology, 1999)

A microsatellite marker associated with a QTL for grain protein content on chromosome arm 2DL of bread wheat - M. Prasad; R. K. Varshney; A. Kumar; H. S. Balyan; P. C. Sharma; K. J. Edwards; H-Singh; H. S. Dhaliwal; J. K. Roy; P. K. Gupta (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1999)

Identification of a microsatellite on chromosomes 6B and a STS on 7D of bread wheat showing an association with preharvest sprouting tolerance - J. K. Roy; M. Prasad; R. K. Varshney; H. S. Balyan; T. K. Blake; H. S. Dhaliwal; H-Singh; K. J. Edwards; P. K. Gupta (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1999)

Seed dormancy in the wetland winter annualPtilimnium nuttallii (Apiaceae) - Carol C. Baskin; Jerry M. Baskin; Edward W. Chester (Wetlands, 1999)

Abundance and polymorphism of microsatellite markers in the tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia, Myrtaceae) - M. Rossetto; A. McLauchlan; F. C. L. Harriss; R. J. Henry; P. R. Baverstock; L. S. Lee; T. L. Maguire; K. J. Edwards (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1999)

Possible preferential metabolism of xylene isomers following occupational exposure to mixed xylenes - M. J. Miller; J. W. Edwards (International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1999)

Reviews - Edward Maltby; William J. Mitsch; Charles Andrew Cole; Mark M. Brinson (Wetlands, 1999)

Pollination of sevenPlectranthus spp. (Lamiaceae) in southern Natal, South Africa - C. J. Potgieter; T. J. Edwards; R. M. Miller; J. Van Staden (Plant Systematics and Evolution, 1999)

An example of intron junctional sliding in the gene families encoding squalene monooxygenase homologues in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus* - Ulrike A. Schäfer; Darwin W. Reed; David G. Hunter; Kening Yao; Alan M. Weninger; Edward W.T. Tsang; Martin J.T. Reaney; Samuel L. MacKenzie; Patrick S. Covello (Plant Molecular Biology, 1999)

Contribution of NMDA and non-NMDA receptors to synaptic transmission from the brachium of the inferior colliculus to the medial subdivision of the medial geniculate nucleus in the rabbit - Tim J. Webber; Edward J. Green; Ray W. Winters; Neil Schneiderman; P. M. McCabe (Experimental Brain Research, 1999)

Dairy products, calcium, phosphorous, vitamin D, and risk of prostate cancer (Sweden) - June M. Chan; Edward Giovannucci; Swen-Olof Andersson; Jonathan Yuen; Hans-Olov Adami; Alicja Wolk (Cancer Causes & Control, 1998)

Bioremediation of coal pile run off waters using an integrated microbial ecosystem - Victor M. Ibeanusi; Edward W. Wilde (Biotechnology Letters, 1998)

No genetic variation detected within isolated relict populations of Saxifraga cernua in the Alps using RAPD markers - M. R. BAUERT; M. KÄLIN; M. BALTISBERGER; P. J. EDWARDS (Molecular Ecology, 1998)
Genetic variation in seven relict populations of Saxifraga cernua from three regions of the Alps was investigated using RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers. No variation, either within the populations or within the regions, could be demonstrated. Nevertheless, each alpine region was characterized by a unique RAPD phenotype. Absence of genetic variation in these relict populations is attributed to population bottlenecks and founder effects during or following the ice ages. Contrasting hypotheses about the history of these populations, either as survivors of the glacial period or as products of postglacial immigration, are discussed in the light of the data presented.

Permeability of Articular Cartilage to Matrix Metalloprotease Inhibitors - Sean X. Peng; Edward C. VonBargen; David M. Bornes; Stanislaw Pikul (Pharmaceutical Research, 1998)

Effect of environmental temperature on the interactive developmental toxicity of radiofrequency radiation and 2-methoxyethanol in rats - B. K. Nelson; D. L. Conover; E. F. Krieg Jr; D. L. Snyder; R. M. Edwards (International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1998)

Isolation and characterization of a novel human bladder cancer cell line: BK10 - Kathryn M. Roberson; Donna R. Yancey; Hesed Padilla-Nash; Darryl W. Edwards; William Nash; Sharone Jacobs; George M. Padilla; William A. Larchian; Cary N. Robertson (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 1998)

Screening endoscopy and risk of colorectal cancer in United States men - Charles S. Fuchs; Edward L. Giovannucci; Graham A. Colditz; Anne M. Kavanagh (Cancer Causes & Control, 1998)

A Bayesian neural network method for adverse drug reaction signal generation - A. Bate; M. Lindquist; I. R. Edwards; S. Olsson; R. Orre; A. Lansner; R. M. De Freitas (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 1998)

Regulating exercise intensity using ratings of perceived exertion during arm and leg ergometry - Jie Kang; Edward C. Chaloupka; M. Alysia Mastrangelo; M. Scott Donnelly; William P. Martz; Robert J. Robertson (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 1998)

Devensian organic interstadial deposits and ice sheet extent in Buchan, Scotland - Graeme Whittington; Rodger E. Connell; G. Russell Coope; Kevin J. Edwards; Adrian M. Hall; Peter D. Hulme; Jack Jarvis (Journal of Quaternary Science, 1998)

Devensian organic interstadial deposits and ice sheet extent in Buchan, Scotland - Graeme Whittington; Rodger E. Connell; G. Russell Coope; Kevin J. Edwards; Adrian M. Hall; Peter D. Hulme; Jack Jarvis (Journal of Quaternary Science, 1998)

Ceramides perturb the structure of phosphatidylcholine bilayers and modulate the activity of phospholipase A 2 - Hsiao-wen Huang; Edward M. Goldberg; R. Zidovetzki (European Biophysics Journal, 1998)

Book reviews - Ewa Niewiadomska; Zbigniew Miszalski; Anna M. Rychter; Katarzyna Niemirowicz-Szczytt; W. Filek; F. Dubert; J. Chełkowski; A. Tretyn; J. Maszewski; G. Marszałkowski; Edward A. Gwóźdź (Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 1998)

Characterising food‐webs in two New Zealand streams - N. G. Jaarsma; S. M. de Boer; C. R. Townsend; R. M. Thompson; E. D. Edwards (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 1998)
The food‐web communities of two stony tributaries of the Taieri River in New Zealand were documented. We placed heavy emphasis on algal and macroinvertebrate taxonomy, identifying most taxa to species or morpho‐species level. Food‐web attributes were derived from symmetrical matrices using an Excel macro. The values of the food‐web attributes are generally consistent with generalities that have previously been reported in food‐web studies, although some hypothesisied relationships between connectance and food‐web size did not hold. The patterns detected were robust to the inclusion or exclusion of species that were identified in gut contents but not in field samples. The attributes strongly reflected the trophic status of the streams. Dempsters Creek was classified as autotrophic (based on high primary production and a high ratio of production to respiration) and displayed a larger food‐web size and longer food‐chains than those seen in Healy Creek, which was classified as hetero‐trophic (lower primary production and production to respiration ratio). The importance of dynamic environmental attributes such as production and disturbance in structuring food‐webs is emphasised in this study.

A cluster of stearoyl CoA desaturase genes, Scd1 and Scd2, on mouse Chromosome 19 - D. E. Tabor; Y. -R. Xia; M. Mehrabian; P. A. Edwards; A. J. Lusis (Mammalian Genome, 1998)

Crystal structure of Escherichia coli manganese superoxide dismutase at 2.1-Å resolution - Ross A. Edwards; Heather M. Baker; M. M. Whittaker; James W. Whittaker; Geoffrey B. Jameson; E. N. Baker (JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 1998)

Modeling Flushing and Mixing in a Deep Estuary - John Eric Edinger; Edward M. Buchak; Venkat S. Kollubru (Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 1998)

The cartilage collagens: a review of their structure, organization, and role in the pathogenesis of experimental arthritis in animals and in human rheumatic disease - M. A. Cremer; Edward F. Rosloniec; Andrew H. Kang (Journal of Molecular Medicine, 1998)

Rapid Genotyping of Mice with Hemoglobinopathies and Globin Transgenes - J. Barry III Whitney; Aya Leder; Jada Lewis; Raymond A. Popp; Chris Paszty; Edward M. Rubin; W. Ronald Shehee; Tim M. Townes; Oliver Smithies (Biochemical Genetics, 1998)

A study of genetic diversity in Populus nigra subsp. betulifolia in the Upper Severn area of the UK using AFLP markers - M. O. WINFIELD; G. M. ARNOLD; F. COOPER; M. LE RAY; J. WHITE; A. KARP; K.J. EDWARDS (Molecular Ecology, 1998)
A survey of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was conducted to examine genetic diversity in 146 individuals of British, native black poplar ( Populus nigra subsp. betulifolia ) and three individuals considered by collectors to be non‐ betulifolia poplars. Using two primer pairs, a total of 147 bands were detected of which 82 (56%) were polymorphic in at least one individual. Cluster analysis and principal coordinates analysis of the calculated similarity matrix revealed a low level of genetic diversity, although a loose clustering into five groups could be identified, one of which contained the non‐ betulifolia individuals. Examination of the spatial distribution of the other four groups (all betulifolia ) revealed a general correlation between geographic proximity and genetic similarity. On the basis of the polymorphism observed, it was possible to identify a small number of individual plants which exhibit maximum diversity and might therefore be suitable for inclusion in a replanting programme designed to maintain at least the existing low level of polymorphism observed within British black poplar.

Withdrawal reactions with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors as reported to the WHO system - M. M. S. Stahl; M. Lindquist; M. Pettersson; I. R. Edwards; J. H. Sanderson; N. F. A. Taylor; A. P. Fletcher; J. S. Schou (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 1997)

Immunological characterization of heterochromatin protein p25β autoantibodies and relationship with centromere autoantibodies and pulmonary fibrosis in systemic scleroderma - Kiyoshi Furuta; Bernhard Hildebrandt; Sayako Matsuoka; Kendo Kiyosawa; Georg Reimer; Christoph Luderschmidt; Edward K. L. Chan; E. M. Tan (Journal of Molecular Medicine, 1997)

s of papers presented at the 81st annual meeting of The Potato Association of America Charlottetown, P.E.I., Canada August 3 – 7, 1997 - S. T. Ali-Khan; C. Hetner; L. Ladislav; V. Currie; Walter J. Arsenault; A. Naseer Aziz; Janet E. A. Seabrook; George C. C. Tai; J. B. Bamberg; Alfonso H. del Rio; Max Martin; J. B. Bamberg; et al. (American Journal of Potato Research, 1997)

Honorary Life Members named at 81st Annual Meeting of The PAA - Allan Parker; Alfred A. Bushway; Edward F. Johnston; Therese M. Work; William H. Bohl (American Journal of Potato Research, 1997)

Lead transport in IEC-6 intestinal epithelial cells - Christopher M. Dekaney; Edward D. Harris; Gerald R. Bratton; Laurie A. Jaeger (Biological Trace Element Research, 1997)

Proboscidean DNA from Museum and Fossil Specimens: An Assessment of Ancient DNA Extraction and Amplification Techniques - Hong Yang; Edward M. Golenberg; Jeheskel Shoshani (Biochemical Genetics, 1997)

Genetic analysis of acetan biosynthesis in Acetobacter xylinum: DNA sequence analysis of the aceM gene encoding an UDP-glucose dehydrogenase - Annette M. Griffin; Kirstin J. Edwards; Victor J. Morris; Michael J. Gasson (Biotechnology Letters, 1997)

Establishment of serial persistent infections with bovine viral diarrhoea virus in cattle and sheep and changes in epitope expression related to host species - D. Paton; M. Gunn; J. Sands; F. Yappl; T. Drew; S. Vilcek; S. Edwards (Archives of Virology, 1997)

Dating prehistoric bog‐fires in northern England to calendar years by long‐distance cross‐matching of pine chronologies - Frank M. Chambers; Jonathan G. A. Lageard; Gretel Boswijk; Peter A. Thomas; Kevin J. Edwards; Jennifer Hillam (Journal of Quaternary Science, 1997)

Dating prehistoric bog-fires in northern England to calendar years by long-distance cross-matching of pine chronologies - Frank M. Chambers; Jonathan G. A. Lageard; Gretel Boswijk; Peter A. Thomas; Kevin J. Edwards; Jennifer Hillam (Journal of Quaternary Science, 1997)

Relationships between soil penetration resistance and soif nematode burden in barley on Prince Edward Island - L. M. Edwards; J. Kimpinski (Biology and Fertility of Soils, 1997)

Style and timing of glaciation in the Lahul Himalaya, northern India: a framework for reconstructing late Quaternary palaeoclimatic change in the western Himalayas - LEWIS A. OWEN; RICHARD M. BAILEY; EDWARD J. RHODES; WISHART A. MITCHELL; PETE COXON (Journal of Quaternary Science, 1997)

Cloning and Expression of a Bacillus thuringiensis (L1-2) Gene Encoding a Crystal Protein Active Against Glossina morsitans morsitans and Chilo partellus - Edward O. Omolo; M. Diane James; Ellie O. Osir; Jennifer A. Thomson (Current Microbiology, 1997)

Using patterns of distribution and diversity of Kenyan birds to select and prioritize areas for conservation - John N. Muriuki; Helen M. De Klerk; Paul H. Williams; Leon A. Bennun; Timothy M. Crowe; Edward Vanden Berge (Biodiversity and Conservation, 1997)

Diet and feeding ecology of the diving petrels Pelecanoides georgicus and P. urinatrix at South Georgia - K. Reid; J. P. Croxall; T. M. Edwards; H. J. Hill; P. A. Prince (Polar Biology, 1997)

Relation between delayed impairment of cerebral energy metabolism and infarction following transient focal hypoxia-ischaemia in the developing brain - R. M. Blumberg; E. B. Cady; J. S. Wigglesworth; J. E. McKenzie; A. D. Edwards (Experimental Brain Research, 1997)

A computer-controlled aortic and mitral valve occluder - Steven B. Solomon; Srdjan D. Nikolic; Robert W. M. Frater; Edward L. Yellin (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1997)

AN AIR TRANSPORT CLIMATOLOGY FOR SUBTROPICAL SOUTHERN AFRICA - P. D. TYSON; M. GARSTANG; R. SWAP; P. KÂLLBERG; M. EDWARDS (International Journal of Climatology, 1996)

AN AIR TRANSPORT CLIMATOLOGY FOR SUBTROPICAL SOUTHERN AFRICA - P. D. TYSON; M. GARSTANG; R. SWAP; P. KÂLLBERG; M. EDWARDS (International Journal of Climatology, 1996)

Book reviews - Mike Gertner; Kirk J. Bundy; Judy L. Cezeaux; Janet C. Rutledge; Edward M. O'Brien (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1995)

Elevated serum silicon levels in women with silicone gel breast implants - Suzanne S. Teuber; Robert L. Saunders; Georges M. Halpern; Robert F. Brucker; Victor Conte; Brian D. Goldman; Edward E. Winger; W. Graham Wood; M. Eric Gershwin (Biological Trace Element Research, 1995)

High level production of potyvirus-like particles in insect cells infected with recombinant baculovirus - S. J. Edwards; M. B. Hayden; R. C. Hamilton; J. A. Haynes; I. T. Nisbet; M. N. Jagadish (Archives of Virology, 1994)

Expression and characterisation of equine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein H using a recombinant baculovirus - E. M. McGowan; M. B. Hayden; S. J. Edwards; D. Pye; D. N. Love; J. M. Whalley (Archives of Virology, 1994)

Localized spatial discrimination of epicardial conduction paths after linear transformation of variant information - Edward J. Ciaccio; Stanley M. Dunn; Metin Akay; Andrew L. Wit; James Coromilas; Constantinos A. Costeas (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1994)

Nephrotoxicity of 4-amino-3-S-glutathionylphenol and its modulation by metabolism or transport inhibitors - Lynn M. Fowler; John R. Foster; Edward A. Lock (Archives of Toxicology, 1994)

Effect of ascorbic acid, acivicin and probenecid on the nephrotoxicity of 4-aminophenol in the Fischer 344 rat - Lynn M. Fowler; John R. Foster; Edward A. Lock (Archives of Toxicology, 1993)

Characterization of a DMSP-degrading bacterial isolate from the Sargasso Sea - Kathleen M. Ledyard; Edward F. DeLong; John W. H. Dacey (Archives of Microbiology, 1993)

The identification, cloning, and sequence analysis of the coat protein coding region of a birch isolate (I2) of cherry leaf roll nepovirus - N. W. Scott; J. I. Cooper; M. L. Edwards (Archives of Virology, 1993)

Inhibition of ferrochelatase and accumulation of porphyrins in mouse hepatocyte cultures exposed to porphyrinogenic chemicals - Angela M. Brady; Edward A. Lock (Archives of Toxicology, 1992)

Indoor air mercury concentrations following application of interior latex paint - Kathy M. Beusterien; Ruth A. Etzel; Mary M. Agocs; Grace M. Egeland; Edward M. Socie; Mary A. Rouse; B. Kim Mortensen (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1991)

Book reviews - Edward M. O'Brien (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1991)

Organochlorine pesticides in soil sediments and aquatic animals in the upper steele bayou watershed of Mississippi - William M. Ford; Edward P. Hill (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1991)

UAF radiorespirometric protocol for assessing hydrocarbon mineralization potential in environmental samples - Edward J. Brown; Sol M. Resnick; Carl Rebstock; Huan V. Luong; Jon Lindstrom (Biodegradation, 1991)

Replacement of potassium ions by ammonium ions in different micro-organisms grown in potassium-limited chemostat culture - Edward T. Buurman; Jill Pennock; David W. Tempest; M. Joost Teixeira de Mattos; Oense M. Neijssel (Archives of Microbiology, 1989)

Book reviews - Velio A. Marsocci; Edward M. O'Brien; William A. Hyman (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1988)

Toxicity of five shale oils to fish and aquatic invertebrates - Daniel F. Woodward; Edward E. Little; Lawrence M. Smith (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1987)

Estimation of endothelial receptor sites with the mean transit time approach - Richard M. Effros; Peter Dodek; Jack Edwards (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1987)

Development and use of a remote-controlled mitral valve - Jay S. Meisner; Srdjan Nikolić; Takako Tamura; Koichi Tamura; Robert W. M. Frater; Edward L. Yellin (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1986)

Complement activation by respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells - Kathryn M. Edwards; Paula N. Snyder; P. F. Wright (Archives of Virology, 1986)

Organochlorine chemical residues in white pelicans and western grebes from the klamath basin, california - Diane E. Boellstorff; Harry M. Ohlendorf; Daniel W. Anderson; Edward J. O'Neill; James O. Keith; Richard M. Prouty (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1985)

Primary irritant contact dermatitis from synthetic pyrethroid insecticide exposure - Stephen A. Flannigan; Stephen B. Tucker; Marcus M. Key; Charles E. Ross; Edward J. Fairchild; Barbara A. Grimes; Ronald B. Harrist (Archives of Toxicology, 1985)

Mirex residues in seven groups of aquatic and terrestrial mammals - Edward P. Hill; Donald M. Dent (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1985)

Production of a thermostable ATPase by the facultative thermophile, Bacillus coagulans - C. Edwards; M. V. Jones (Archives of Microbiology, 1983)

Actin acetylation in Drosophila tissue culture cells - Edward M. Berger; Gerard Cox; Lee Weber; John S. Kenney (Biochemical Genetics, 1981)

Single neuron recording from motor cortex as a possible source of signals for control of external devices - Edward M. Schmidt (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1980)

Trace element profiles in cancer patients - Walter J. Pories; Andre M. van Rij; Edward G. Mansour; Arthur Flynn (Biological Trace Element Research, 1979)

Modeling and moments of multibreath lung washout - Gerald M. Saidel; Jafar Saniie; Edward H. Chester (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1978)

The effect of respiratory chain composition on the growth efficiencies of aerobic bacteria - Colin W. Jones; Joan M. Brice; Clive Edwards (Archives of Microbiology, 1977)

Accidental persistent infection of cell lines by Newcastle disease virus, showing three unusual features ? Defective neuraminidase, temperature sensitivity and intranuclear inclusions - G. Fraser; Helen H. Edwards; M. S. McNulty; J. M. S. Ruben (Archives of Virology, 1976)

An intravascular test device for thromboresistant materials: Analysis and preliminary experimental evaluation - Eric F. Grabowski; Anne R. Derby; Robert M. Koffsky; Robert S. Litwak; Edward F. Leonard (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 1975)

Bibliography the after-cooking discoloration of potatoes - Eugene A. Talley; Mary V. Zaehringer; Roger M. Reeve; R. B. Hyde; Donald H. Dinkel; Edward G. Heisler; Russell Pressey (American Journal of Potato Research, 1969)

Eight newArizona serotypes isolated from reptiles - E. H. Kampelmacher; P. A. M. Guinée; Mary A. Fife; P. R. Edwards (Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 1962)

A morphologic study of FL cells infected with para-influenza 3 virus - S. M. Cohen; S. Bullivant; G. A. Edwards (Archives of Virology, 1962)

Seven newArizona serotypes isolated from reptiles - P. R. Edwards; E. H. Kampelmacher; Mary A. Fife; P. A. M. Guinée (Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 1961)

s of papers presented at the Forty-Third annual meeting of The Potato Association of America - R. H. Bagnall; D. A. Young; Barrel R. Bienz; G. D. Brill; J. C. Campbell; G. R. Blake; Paul N. Carpenter; George O. Estes; Harold W. Gausman; Harold W. Gausman; Hawkins Arthur; Henning P. Hansen; et al. (American Journal of Potato Research, 1959)

Potato virus-S in oregon - Edward K. Vaughan; D. H. M. van Slogteren (American Journal of Potato Research, 1956)