Cheravirus and Sadwavirus: two unassigned genera of plant positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses formerly considered atypical members of the genus Nepovirus (family Comoviridae) - O. Le Gall; Hélène Sanfaçon; M. Ikegami; T. Iwanami; T. Jones; A. Karasev; K. Lehto; J. Wellink; T. Wetzel; N. Yoshikawa (Archives of Virology, 2009)

Buruli ulcer disease: prospects for a vaccine - Kris Huygen; Ohene Adjei; Dissou Affolabi; Gisela Bretzel; Caroline Demangel; Bernhard Fleischer; Roch Christian Johnson; Jorge Pedrosa; Delphin M. Phanzu; Richard O. Phillips; Gerd Pluschke; Vera Siegmund; et al. (Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 2009)

Distribution, ecology and reproductive biology of wild tomatoes and related nightshades from the Atacama Desert region of northern Chile - Roger T. Chetelat; Ricardo A. Pertuzé; Luis Faúndez; Elaine B. Graham; Carl M. Jones (Euphytica, 2009)

Landscape genetics of California mule deer ( Odocoileus hemionus ): the roles of ecological and historical factors in generating differentiation - KATHERINE M. PEASE; ADAM H. FREEDMAN; JOHN P. POLLINGER; JOHN E. MCCORMACK; WOLFGANG BUERMANN; JEFF RODZEN; JIM BANKS; ERIN MEREDITH; VERNON C. BLEICH; ROBERT J. SCHAEFER; KEN JONES; ROBERT K. WAYNE (Molecular Ecology, 2009)
Landscape genetics is an emerging discipline that utilizes environmental and historical data to understand geographic patterns of genetic diversity. Niche modelling has added a new dimension to such efforts by allowing species–environmental associations to be projected into the past so that hypotheses about historical vicariance can be generated and tested independently with genetic data. However, previous approaches have primarily utilized DNA sequence data to test inferences about historical isolation and may have missed very recent episodes of environmentally mediated divergence. We type 15 microsatellite loci in California mule deer and identify five genetic groupings through a Structure analysis that are also well predicted by environmental data. We project the niches of these five deer ecotypes to the last glacial maximum (LGM) and show they overlap to a much greater extent than today, suggesting that vicariance associated with the LGM cannot explain the present‐day genetic patterns. Further, we analyse mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence trees to search for evidence of historical vicariance and find only two well‐supported clades. A coalescence‐based analysis of mtDNA data shows that the genetic divergence of the mule deer genetic clusters in California is recent and appears to be mediated by ecological factors. The importance of environmental factors in explaining the genetic diversity of California mule deer is unexpected given that they are highly mobile species and have a broad habitat distribution. Geographic differences in the timing of reproduction and peak vegetation as well as habitat choice reflecting natal origin may explain the persistence of genetic subdivision.

A trans-Holocene archaeological record of Guadalupe fur seals ( Arctocephalus townsendi ) on the California coast - Torben C. Rick; Robert L. DeLong; Jon M. Erlandson; Todd J. Braje; Terry L. Jones; Douglas J. Kennett; Thomas A. Wake; Phillip L. Walker (Marine Mammal Science, 2009)

Evidence for the Transport of Maltose by the Sucrose Permease, CscB, of Escherichia coli - Yang Peng; Sanath Kumar; Ricardo L. Hernandez; Suzanna E. Jones; Kathleen M. Cadle; Kenneth P. Smith; Manuel F. Varela (The Journal of Membrane Biology, 2009)

Modelling and PBPK Simulation in Drug Discovery - Hannah M. Jones; Iain B. Gardner; Kenny J. Watson (The AAPS Journal, 2009)

Seismic stratigraphy and structure of the Northland Plateau and the development of the Vening Meinesz transform margin, SW Pacific Ocean - R. H. Herzer; B. W. Davy; N. Mortimer; P. G. Quilty; G. C. H. Chaproniere; C. M. Jones; A. J. Crawford; C. J. Hollis (Marine Geophysical Research, 2009)

Interactive effects of interspecific competition and microhabitat on early post-settlement survival in a coral reef fish - M. C. Bonin; M. Srinivasan; G. R. Almany; G. P. Jones (Coral Reefs, 2009)

Coral-feeding wrasse scars massive Porites colonies - A. J. Cole; M. S. Pratchett; G. P. Jones (Coral Reefs, 2009)

Candida albicans VPS4 is Required for Secretion of Aspartyl Proteases and In Vivo Virulence - Samuel A. Lee; Jason Jones; Sarah Hardison; John Kot; Zachary Khalique; Stella M. Bernardo; Anna Lazzell; Carlos Monteagudo; Jose Lopez-Ribot (Mycopathologia, 2009)

Greening the terrestrial biosphere: simulated feedbacks on atmospheric heat and energy circulation - S. A. Cowling; C. D. Jones; P. M. Cox (Climate Dynamics, 2009)

Genomic and phylogenetic analysis of Argentinian Equid Herpesvirus 1 strains - G. P. Martín Ocampos; N. A. Fuentealba; G. H. Sguazza; L. R. Jones; M. M. Cigliano; C. G. Barbeito; C. M. Galosi (Virus Genes, 2009)

Evaluation of single‐pass backpack electric fishing for stream fish community monitoring - S. M. REID; G. YUNKER; N. E. JONES (Fisheries Management and Ecology, 2009)
Data from Lake Ontario tributaries were used to evaluate the efficacy of single‐pass backpack electric fishing for stream fish monitoring by: testing the relationship between single‐pass catch‐per‐unit‐effort (CPUE) and multiple‐pass‐based population estimates; comparing species richness estimates derived from single‐pass and multiple‐pass data and assessing the concordance of fish assemblage patterns described using single‐pass and multiple‐pass data. Significant correlations were calculated between single‐pass CPUE and removal‐based population estimates for total catch, 15 species, six taxonomic families, five feeding and four reproductive guilds and tolerant/intolerant species. Strong correlations were more commonly associated with the abundance of individual species than other metrics. Capture probability was not affected by stream size or habitat complexity for most measures. Species accumulation curves and significant correlations ( r 2 = 0.9) between single‐pass and multiple‐pass electric fishing indicate that single‐pass surveys provide a representative index of species diversity. In addition, within and among‐site variation in fish community composition based on single‐pass and multiple‐pass data were similar.

Local Participation in Natural Resource Monitoring: a Characterization of Approaches - FINN DANIELSEN; NEIL D. BURGESS; ANDREW BALMFORD; PAUL F. DONALD; MIKKEL FUNDER; JULIA P. G. JONES; PHILIP ALVIOLA; DANILO S. BALETE; TOM BLOMLEY; JUSTIN BRASHARES; BRIAN CHILD; MARTIN ENGHOFF; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2009)
The monitoring of trends in the status of species or habitats is routine in developed countries, where it is funded by the state or large nongovernmental organizations and often involves large numbers of skilled amateur volunteers. Far less monitoring of natural resources takes place in developing countries, where state agencies have small budgets, there are fewer skilled professionals or amateurs, and socioeconomic conditions prevent development of a culture of volunteerism. The resulting lack of knowledge about trends in species and habitats presents a serious challenge for detecting, understanding, and reversing declines in natural resource values. International environmental agreements require signatories undertake systematic monitoring of their natural resources, but no system exists to guide the development and expansion of monitoring schemes. To help develop such a protocol, we suggest a typology of monitoring categories, defined by their degree of local participation, ranging from no local involvement with monitoring undertaken by professional researchers to an entirely local effort with monitoring undertaken by local people. We assessed the strengths and weaknesses of each monitoring category and the potential of each to be sustainable in developed or developing countries. Locally based monitoring is particularly relevant in developing countries, where it can lead to rapid decisions to solve the key threats affecting natural resources, can empower local communities to better manage their resources, and can refine sustainable‐use strategies to improve local livelihoods. Nevertheless, we recognize that the accuracy and precision of the monitoring undertaken by local communities in different situations needs further study and field protocols need to be further developed to get the best from the unrealized potential of this approach. A challenge to conservation biologists is to identify and establish the monitoring system most relevant to a particular situation and to develop methods to integrate outputs from across the spectrum of monitoring schemes to produce wider indices of natural resources that capture the strengths of each.

Positive effects of nicotine on cognition: the deployment of attention for prospective memory - J. M. Rusted; R. Sawyer; C. Jones; S. L. Trawley; N. L. Marchant (Psychopharmacology, 2009)

Evaluation of the pro-cognitive effects of the AMPA receptor positive modulator, 5-(1-piperidinylcarbonyl)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (CX691), in the rat - M. L. Woolley; K. A. Waters; J. E. Gartlon; L. P. Lacroix; C. Jennings; F. Shaughnessy; A. Ong; D. J. Pemberton; M. H. Harries; E. Southam; D. N. C. Jones; L. A. Dawson (Psychopharmacology, 2009)

Preclinical investigations into the antipsychotic potential of the novel histamine H3 receptor antagonist GSK207040 - Eric Southam; Jackie Cilia; Jane E. Gartlon; Marie L. Woolley; Laurent P. Lacroix; Carol A. Jennings; Jane E. Cluderay; Charlie Reavill; Claire Rourke; David M. Wilson; Lee A. Dawson; Andrew D. Medhurst; et al. (Psychopharmacology, 2009)

Predation by the tayra on the common marmoset and the pale-throated three-toed sloth - B. M. Bezerra; A. A. Barnett; A. Souto; G. Jones (Journal of Ethology, 2009)

A survey of viruses of flower bulbs in New Zealand - M. N. Pearson; D. Cohen; S. J. Cowell; D. Jones; A. Blouin; B. S. M. Lebas; J. B. Shiller; G. R. G. Clover (Australasian Plant Pathology, 2009)

Quantifying a dynamic risk landscape: heterogeneous predator activity and implications for prey persistence - Eric M. Schauber; Matthew J. Connors; Brett J. Goodwin; Clive G. Jones; Richard S. Ostfeld (Ecology, 2009)
Spatial heterogeneity in predation risk can ameliorate impacts on prey populations, particularly for prey of generalists. Spatially heterogeneous risk implies the existence of refugia, and the spatial scale of those refugia and their persistence over time affect whether prey can avoid predation by aggregating therein. Our objective was to quantify the magnitude, spatial scale, and temporal persistence of heterogeneity in risk of predation by white‐footed mice ( Peromyscus leucopus ), an abundant generalist predator of gypsy moths ( Lymantria dispar ) and songbirds. We used track plates to measure white‐footed mouse activity at >170 trees in each of three forest plots in upstate New York during summers of 2003–2005. We quantified the mean and coefficient of variation of track activity among trees by fitting the beta‐binomial distribution to data from each plot and study period. We measured temporal persistence by disattenuated autocorrelation, and spatial scale by fitting exponential variograms. Mice were much less abundant in 2005 than the other two years, leading to lower overall track activity but higher coefficient of variation among trees. Mouse track activity at individual trees was positively autocorrelated between monthly study periods in 2003 and 2004, and even between the two years, whereas temporal autocorrelation in 2005 was much weaker. Track activity showed positive spatial autocorrelation over lag distances from ∼30 to >1000 m. These findings indicate that mouse activity, and hence risk to their prey, varies substantially in space at spatial and temporal scales that appear responsive to mouse population dynamics. The spatial scale and temporal persistence of that variation imply that prey may benefit from returning to, or failing to disperse from, refugia.

High resolution genetic and physical mapping of the I-3 region of tomato chromosome 7 reveals almost continuous microsynteny with grape chromosome 12 but interspersed microsynteny with duplications on Arabidopsis chromosomes 1, 2 and 3 - G. T. T. Lim; G.-P. Wang; M. N. Hemming; D. J. McGrath; D. A. Jones (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2008)

Microstructural Analysis of Porous Composite Materials: Dynamic Imaging of Drug Dissolution and Diffusion Through Porous Matrices - Paul M. Young; Kathy Nguyen; Allan S. Jones; Daniela Traini (The AAPS Journal, 2008)

Evaluation of Bioadhesive Capacity and Immunoadjuvant Properties of Vitamin B12-Gantrez Nanoparticles - Hesham H. Salman; Carlos Gamazo; P. Chris de Smidt; Gregory Russell-Jones; Juan M. Irache (Pharmaceutical Research, 2008)

Storm surge computations for the west coast of Britain using a finite element model (TELEMAC) - John Eric Jones; Alan M. Davies (Ocean Dynamics, 2008)

EST and Mitochondrial DNA Sequences Support a Distinct Pacific Form of Salmon Louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis - Ryosuke Yazawa; Motoshige Yasuike; Jong Leong; Kristian R. von Schalburg; Glenn A. Cooper; Marianne Beetz-Sargent; Adrienne Robb; William S. Davidson; Simon R. M. Jones; Ben F. Koop (Marine Biotechnology, 2008)

Assessing the Effectiveness of a Constructed Arctic Stream Using Multiple Biological Attributes - Nicholas E. Jones; Garry J. Scrimgeour; William M. Tonn (Environmental Management, 2008)

Tolerance for ambiguity could influence awareness of breast cancer genetic testing and inform health education - John M. Quillin; Judy Silberg; Resa M. Jones; Diane Baer Wilson; Hermine Maes; Deborah Bowen; Joann Bodurtha (Cancer Causes & Control, 2008)

External Human Factors in Incident Management Team Decisionmaking and Their Effect on Large Fire Suppression Expenditures - Janie Canton-Thompson; Krista M. Gebert; Brooke Thompson; Greg Jones; David Calkin; Geoff Donovan (Journal of Forestry, 2008)
Large wildland fires are complex, costly events influenced by a vast array of physical, climatic, and social factors. Changing climate, fuel buildup due to past suppression, and increasing populations in the wildland-urban interface have all been blamed for the extreme fire seasons and rising suppression expenditures of recent years. With each high-cost year comes a multitude of fire cost reviews, suppression cost studies by federal oversight agencies, and new rules and regulations focused on containing or reducing suppression costs. However, largely ignored in many of these inquiries are the human factors and pressures outside (external to) the influence of the incident team managing a fire that are contributing to the problem. This article presents an in-depth examination of some external human factors that affect incident management team (IMT) decisionmaking and influence suppression costs. Data were collected during 2004 and 2005 through 48 in-depth interviews with IMT command and general staff members representative of each Geographic Area Coordination Center, all federal agencies, and many state agencies whose employees serve on teams. External human factors identified include risk management; interaction with agency administrators; policies, regulations, and rules; resource availability; and social-political pressure. Inattention to these factors can result in policies that adversely affect IMTs charged with managing highly volatile events in a safe, timely, and cost-efficient manner.

Dolichodial: A New Aphid Sex Pheromone Component? - Sarah Y. Dewhirst; Michael A. Birkett; Jean D. Fitzgerald; Alex Stewart-Jones; Lester J. Wadhams; Christine M. Woodcock; Jim Hardie; John A. Pickett (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2008)

Comparative phylogeography of two seastars and their ectosymbionts within the Coral Triangle - ERIC D. CRANDALL; M. ELIZABETH JONES; MARTHA M. MUÑOZ; BOLANLE AKINRONBI; MARK V. ERDMANN; PAUL H. BARBER (Molecular Ecology, 2008)
Repeated exposure and flooding of the Sunda and Sahul shelves during Pleistocene sea‐level fluctuations is thought to have contributed to the isolation and diversification of sea‐basin populations within the Coral Triangle. This hypothesis has been tested in numerous phylogeographical studies, recovering an assortment of genetic patterns that the authors have generally attributed to differences in larval dispersal capability or adult habitat specificity. This study compares phylogeographical patterns from mitochondrial COI sequences among two co‐distributed seastars that differ in their adult habitat and dispersal ability, and two seastar ectosymbionts that differ in their degree of host specificity. Of these, only the seastar Linckia laevigata displayed a classical pattern of Indian‐Pacific divergence, but with only moderate genetic structure (Φ CT = 0.067). In contrast, the seastar Protoreaster nodosus exhibited strong structure (Φ CT = 0.23) between Teluk Cenderawasih and the remainder of Indonesia, a pattern of regional structure that was echoed in L. laevigata (Φ CT = 0.03) as well as its obligate gastropod parasite Thyca crystallina (Φ CT = 0.04). The generalist commensal shrimp, Periclimenes soror showed little genetic structuring across the Coral Triangle. Despite species‐specific phylogeographical patterns, all four species showed departures from neutrality that are consistent with massive range expansions onto the continental shelves as the sea levels rose, and that date within the Pleistocene epoch. Our results suggest that habitat differences may affect the manner in which species responded to Pleistocene sea‐level fluctuations, shaping contemporary patterns of genetic structure and diversity.

Neoparamoebic gill infections: host response and physiology in salmonids - M. D. Powell; M. J. Leef; S. D. Roberts; M. A. Jones (Journal of Fish Biology, 2008)
Amoebic gill diseases (AGD) caused primarily by the amphizoic Neoparamoeba spp. have been identified as significant to fish health in intensive aquaculture. These diseases have consequently received significant attention with regard to disease pathophysiology. Neoparamoeba perurans has been putatively identified as the aetiological agent in salmonids, with other species such as turbot Psetta maxima and sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax also affected. Similarly, Neoparamoeba spp. have also been identified in co‐infections with other gill diseases in salmonids. While infection of the gills results in an acute multifocal hyperplastic host response, reduced gill surface area and increased mucous cell densities, ion regulation and respiration in terms of blood gasses are only marginally affected. This may be partially attributed to reserve respiratory capacity and a reduction in mucous viscosity allowing for a greater flushing of the gill, so reducing the gill mucus boundary layer. Clinical and acute infections result in significant cardiovascular compromise with increases in aortic blood pressure, and systemic vascular resistance in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar , which are not seen in rainbow Oncorhynchus mykiss and brown trout Salmo trutta . Increases in vascular resistance appear to be due to vascular constriction potentially reducing blood flow to the heart in compromised fishes, the overall effect being to lead to a compensatory tissue remodelling and change in cardiac shape in chronically infected fishes. The combined effect of reduced gill surface area and cardiovascular compromise leads to a significant reduction in swimming performance and increases in the routine metabolic rate that lead to an increase in the overall metabolic cost of disease.

Consistency of modelled and observed temperature trends in the tropical troposphere - B. D. Santer; P. W. Thorne; L. Haimberger; K. E. Taylor; T. M. L. Wigley; J. R. Lanzante; S. Solomon; M. Free; P. J. Gleckler; P. D. Jones; T. R. Karl; S. A. Klein; et al. (International Journal of Climatology, 2008)
A recent report of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program (CCSP) identified a ‘ potentially serious inconsistency ’ between modelled and observed trends in tropical lapse rates (Karl et al. , 2006). Early versions of satellite and radiosonde datasets suggested that the tropical surface had warmed more than the troposphere, while climate models consistently showed tropospheric amplification of surface warming in response to human‐caused increases in well‐mixed greenhouse gases (GHGs). We revisit such comparisons here using new observational estimates of surface and tropospheric temperature changes. We find that there is no longer a serious discrepancy between modelled and observed trends in tropical lapse rates. This emerging reconciliation of models and observations has two primary explanations. First, because of changes in the treatment of buoy and satellite information, new surface temperature datasets yield slightly reduced tropical warming relative to earlier versions. Second, recently developed satellite and radiosonde datasets show larger warming of the tropical lower troposphere. In the case of a new satellite dataset from Remote Sensing Systems (RSS), enhanced warming is due to an improved procedure of adjusting for inter‐satellite biases. When the RSS‐derived tropospheric temperature trend is compared with four different observed estimates of surface temperature change, the surface warming is invariably amplified in the tropical troposphere, consistent with model results. Even if we use data from a second satellite dataset with smaller tropospheric warming than in RSS, observed tropical lapse rate trends are not significantly different from those in all other model simulations. Our results contradict a recent claim that all simulated temperature trends in the tropical troposphere and in tropical lapse rates are inconsistent with observations. This claim was based on use of older radiosonde and satellite datasets, and on two methodological errors: the neglect of observational trend uncertainties introduced by interannual climate variability, and application of an inappropriate statistical ‘consistency test’. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society

Diversity, relative abundance, new locality records and population structure of Antarctic demersal fishes from the northern Scotia Arc islands and Bouvetøya - Christopher D. Jones; M. Eric Anderson; Arcady V. Balushkin; Guy Duhamel; Richard R. Eakin; Joseph T. Eastman; Kristen L. Kuhn; Guillaume Lecointre; Thomas J. Near; Anthony W. North; David L. Stein; Marino Vacchi; et al. (Polar Biology, 2008)

Relationship between yield and mineral nutrient concentrations in historical and modern spring wheat cultivars - Kevin M. Murphy; Philip G. Reeves; Stephen S. Jones (Euphytica, 2008)

DDT and HCH Isomer Levels in Soils, Carrot Root and Carrot Leaf Samples - S. M. Waliszewski; O. Carvajal; S. Gómez-Arroyo; O. Amador-Muñoz; R. Villalobos-Pietrini; P. M. Hayward-Jones; R. Valencia-Quintana (Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2008)

Validation of diatoms as proxies for phytobenthos when assessing ecological status in lakes - M. G. Kelly; L. King; R. I. Jones; P. A. Barker; B. J. Jamieson (Hydrobiologia, 2008)

Evaluation of Pyrosequencing® technology for the identification of clinically relevant non-dematiaceous yeasts and related species - C. I. Montero; Y. R. Shea; P. A. Jones; S. M. Harrington; N. E. Tooke; F. G. Witebsky; P. R. Murray (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2008)

Reef-based micropredators reduce the growth of post-settlement damselfish in captivity - C. M. Jones; A. S. Grutter (Coral Reefs, 2008)

A 3D modeling method to calculate the surface areas of coral branches - A. M. Jones; N. E. Cantin; R. Berkelmans; B. Sinclair; A. P. Negri (Coral Reefs, 2008)

Biology and diet of Coryphaenoides subserrulatus and Etmopterus baxteri from the Puysegur region, southern New Zealand - M. R. L. Jones (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2008)
Aspects of the biology and diet of Coryphaenoides subserrulatus and Etmopterus baxteri from hill features in the Puysegur region, southern New Zealand are described. More female C. subserrulatus than males were retained, and females were significantly larger than males. Coryphaenoides subserrulatus fed primarily on Calanoida, the overall weight and number of which increased with fish size. Females consumed significantly heavier food items than males. For males, the number of food items consumed increased significantly with fish size, but not for females. There were more male E. baxteri than females, females were significantly larger, and both sexes fed on teleosts and Teuthoidea. No relationships between the numbers or weight of food items and increasing fish size or sex were apparent. Coryphaenoides subserrulatus and E. baxteri fed on benthopelagic organisms, and the diet of C. subserrulatus may vary spatially in New Zealand waters.

Evaluation of the terrestrial carbon cycle, future plant geography and climate‐carbon cycle feedbacks using five Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs) - S. SITCH; C. HUNTINGFORD; N. GEDNEY; P. E. LEVY; M. LOMAS; S. L. PIAO; R. BETTS; P. CIAIS; P. COX; P. FRIEDLINGSTEIN; C. D. JONES; I. C. PRENTICE; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2008)
This study tests the ability of five Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs), forced with observed climatology and atmospheric CO 2 , to model the contemporary global carbon cycle. The DGVMs are also coupled to a fast ‘climate analogue model’, based on the Hadley Centre General Circulation Model (GCM), and run into the future for four Special Report Emission Scenarios (SRES): A1FI, A2, B1, B2. Results show that all DGVMs are consistent with the contemporary global land carbon budget. Under the more extreme projections of future environmental change, the responses of the DGVMs diverge markedly. In particular, large uncertainties are associated with the response of tropical vegetation to drought and boreal ecosystems to elevated temperatures and changing soil moisture status. The DGVMs show more divergence in their response to regional changes in climate than to increases in atmospheric CO 2 content. All models simulate a release of land carbon in response to climate, when physiological effects of elevated atmospheric CO 2 on plant production are not considered, implying a positive terrestrial climate‐carbon cycle feedback. All DGVMs simulate a reduction in global net primary production (NPP) and a decrease in soil residence time in the tropics and extra‐tropics in response to future climate. When both counteracting effects of climate and atmospheric CO 2 on ecosystem function are considered, all the DGVMs simulate cumulative net land carbon uptake over the 21st century for the four SRES emission scenarios. However, for the most extreme A1FI emissions scenario, three out of five DGVMs simulate an annual net source of CO 2 from the land to the atmosphere in the final decades of the 21st century. For this scenario, cumulative land uptake differs by 494 Pg C among DGVMs over the 21st century. This uncertainty is equivalent to over 50 years of anthropogenic emissions at current levels.

Feeding ecology and growth of neonate and juvenile blacktip sharks Carcharhinus limbatus in the Timbalier–Terrebone Bay complex, LA, U.S.A. - K. P. Barry; R. E. Condrey; W. B. Driggers; C. M. Jones (Journal of Fish Biology, 2008)
Stomach contents and vertebrae from neonate and juvenile blacktip sharks Carcharhinus limbatus ( n = 334) were examined to describe their diet, feeding patterns and growth within the Timbalier–Terrebone Bay complex, LA, U.S.A. In the study area, both neonate and juvenile C. limbatus feed primarily on gulf menhaden Brevoortia patronus . However, based on the index of relative importance ( I RI ), gulf menhaden constituted a larger portion of the diet of neonates (84·05 % I RI ) than for juveniles (47·91 % I RI ). An increase in the index of relative fullness between the afternoon and dusk time intervals and a large decrease in the percentage of empty stomachs between the night and early morning time intervals suggested that these fish exhibited a diel feeding pattern with crepuscular periods being the times of highest feeding activity. A higher percentage of empty stomachs (neonates 68% and juveniles 39%) and a significantly lower growth rate (age 0+ year C. limbatus , 0·62 mm day −1 ; age 1+ year fish, 0·89 mm day −1 ) could indicate that neonate C. limbatus are less efficient predators than older conspecifics.

Losing ‘Nemo’: bleaching and collection appear to reduce inshore populations of anemonefishes - A. M. Jones; S. Gardner; W. Sinclair (Journal of Fish Biology, 2008)
Surveys of anemonefishes (Amphiprioninae) were conducted on reefs in two regions of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park with contrasting histories of disturbance to determine the degree to which spatial variation might be explained by bleaching or management status. Densities of anemonefishes were lower on reefs in the bleaching‐impacted Keppel Islands than on reefs in Far North Queensland. No anemonefishes or anemones were found on or near bleached corals in the Keppel Islands. Furthermore, the highest densities of fishes were found on reefs closed to fishing and aquarium collecting in both the Keppel Islands and Far North Queensland, which suggests that collecting is compounding the effects of bleaching. These results emphasize the importance of understanding the interaction between bleaching events and anthropogenic disturbance upon commercially exploited species.

Spatial and temporal variability of juvenile spotted seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus growth in Chesapeake Bay - N. G. Smith; C. M. Jones; J. Van Montfrans (Journal of Fish Biology, 2008)
Juvenile spotted seatrout Cynoscion nebulosus growth in Chesapeake Bay was compared to growth from southerly estuaries to examine the potential for countergradient growth variation, and finer scale growth variation within Chesapeake Bay was investigated further. Because spawning and growing seasons in Chesapeake Bay are much shorter than in southern populations, and the bay population is genetically distinct, it was expected that C. nebulosus in Chesapeake Bay may exhibit faster juvenile growth than their southern counterparts. Within the bay, spatial and temporal growth patterns were examined using a repeated measures linear mixed‐effects model on individual retrospective growth histories. Juvenile C. nebulosus were collected from seagrass beds throughout Chesapeake Bay in 1997–1999 and 2002; sagittae were removed for daily growth analysis. The calculated growth rate of 1·44 mm standard length day −1 for Chesapeake Bay fish is two to three times that reported for Florida C. nebulosus . Within the bay from 1997 to 1999 (average rainfall years), growth patterns were similar with the fastest growing fish collected from seagrass beds in the central bay, followed by the eastern shore fish with intermediate growth and western shore fish that exhibited slowest growth. These results were reversed (western shore fish growth > eastern shore > central bay) in 2002 (a drought year) even though temperatures across all years were similar throughout the bay, indicating that growth may be influenced by freshwater inflows.

Campylobacter infection of broiler chickens in a free‐range environment - Frances M. Colles; Tracey A. Jones; Noel D. McCarthy; Samuel K. Sheppard; Alison J. Cody; Kate E. Dingle; Marian S. Dawkins; Martin C. J. Maiden (Environmental Microbiology, 2008)
Summary Campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, with contaminated chicken meat considered to represent a major source of human infection. Biosecurity measures can reduce C. jejuni shedding rates of housed chickens, but the increasing popularity of free‐range and organic meat raises the question of whether the welfare benefits of extensive production are compatible with food safety. The widespread assumption that the free‐range environment contaminates extensively reared chickens has not been rigorously tested. A year‐long survey of 64 free‐range broiler flocks reared on two sites in Oxfordshire, UK, combining high‐resolution genotyping with behavioural and environmental observations revealed: (i) no evidence of colonization of succeeding flocks by the C. jejuni genotypes shed by preceding flocks, (ii) a high degree of similarity between C. jejuni genotypes from both farm sites, (iii) no association of ranging behaviour with likelihood of Campylobacter shedding, and (iv) higher genetic differentiation between C. jejuni populations from chickens and wild birds on the same farm than between the chicken samples, human disease isolates from the same region and national samples of C. jejuni from chicken meat.

The Importance of Taboos and Social Norms to Conservation in Madagascar - JULIA P. G. JONES; MIJASOA M. ANDRIAMAROVOLOLONA; NEAL HOCKLEY (Conservation Biology, 2008)
Informal institutions governing the use of wild species are present in many societies. A system of prohibitions known as fady is central to Malagasy culture. We examined whether fady that relate to the use of natural resources in the eastern rainforests of Madagascar play an important conservation role. Prohibitions ranged from strict taboos in which a species or area was forbidden by the ancestors to social norms that concerned acceptable behavior when harvesting wild species. Strict taboos offered real protection to threatened species, such as the lemur Propithecus edwardsi and the carnivore Cryptoprocta ferox . Taboos also reduced pressure on some economically important endemic species by preventing their sale or limiting the harvest season. Despite their value for conservation, the taboos did not appear to originate from attempts to sustainably manage resources. Nevertheless, social norms, in which the sanction was social disapproval rather than supernatural retribution, encouraged sustainable harvesting practices for tenrecs ( Tenrec ecudatus ) and pandans ( Pandanus spp.). Unfortunately, the social norms concerning methods of harvesting pandans appeared to be breaking down in villages surrounding Ranomafana National Park, and we suggest that the imposition of external conservation rules is weakening traditional management. Informal institutions are important to conservation because they suggest ways of improving cultural understanding and conservation communication. Food taboos influence societal preferences, which affect the wider demand for a species. Most important, where capacity to enforce external conservation rules is limited, informal institutions may provide the only effective regulations. Informal institutions should receive greater attention from conservation biologists so that local people's conservation roles can be acknowledged fairly and so that potential synergies with conservation objectives can be realized.

Using multiple archives to understand past and present climate–human–environment interactions: the lake Erhai catchment, Yunnan Province, China - J. A. Dearing; R. T. Jones; J. Shen; X. Yang; J. F. Boyle; G. C. Foster; D. S. Crook; M. J. D. Elvin (Journal of Paleolimnology, 2008)

A longevity cost of re-mating but no benefits of polyandry in the almond moth, Cadra cautella - Kathryn B. McNamara; Mark A. Elgar; Therésa M. Jones (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2008)

Senescence rates are determined by ranking on the fast–slow life‐history continuum - Owen R. Jones; Jean‐Michel Gaillard; Shripad Tuljapurkar; Jussi S. Alho; Kenneth B. Armitage; Peter H. Becker; Pierre Bize; Jon Brommer; Anne Charmantier; Marie Charpentier; Tim Clutton‐Brock; F. Stephen Dobson; et al. (Ecology Letters, 2008)
Comparative analyses of survival senescence by using life tables have identified generalizations including the observation that mammals senesce faster than similar‐sized birds. These generalizations have been challenged because of limitations of life‐table approaches and the growing appreciation that senescence is more than an increasing probability of death. Without using life tables, we examine senescence rates in annual individual fitness using 20 individual‐based data sets of terrestrial vertebrates with contrasting life histories and body size. We find that senescence is widespread in the wild and equally likely to occur in survival and reproduction. Additionally, mammals senesce faster than birds because they have a faster life history for a given body size. By allowing us to disentangle the effects of two major fitness components our methods allow an assessment of the robustness of the prevalent life‐table approach. Focusing on one aspect of life history – survival or recruitment – can provide reliable information on overall senescence.

Factors controlling soil development in sand dunes: evidence from a coastal dune soil chronosequence - M. L. M. Jones; A. Sowerby; D. L. Williams; R. E. Jones (Plant and Soil, 2008)

Responses to multi-directional surface translations involve redistribution of proximal versus distal strategies to maintain upright posture - Stephanie L. Jones; Sharon M. Henry; Christine C. Raasch; Juvena R. Hitt; Janice Y. Bunn (Experimental Brain Research, 2008)

Accurate Location of Synthetic Acoustic Emissions and Location Sensitivity to Relocation Methods, Velocity Perturbations, and Seismic Anisotropy - G. A. Jones; S. E. J. Nippress; A. Rietbrock; J. M. Reyes-Montes (Pure and Applied Geophysics, 2008)

Directing visual attention with spatially informative and spatially noninformative tactile cues - Chanon M. Jones; Rob Gray; Charles Spence; Hong Z. Tan (Experimental Brain Research, 2008)

Simulated glacial and interglacial vegetation across Africa: implications for species phylogenies and trans‐African migration of plants and animals - SHARON A. COWLING; PETER M. COX; CHRIS D. JONES; MARK A. MASLIN; MATHEW PEROS; STEVEN A. SPALL (Global Change Biology, 2008)
The paleoenvironmental context of plant and animal species evolution (including glacial migrations and population separations) is based on a very patchy and incomplete paleo‐phytogeographic record. It was our objective, therefore, to provide an additional source for paleovegetation comparison by presenting simulations from a state‐of‐the‐art fully coupled earth system model (HadCM3LC). We simulated potential paleovegetation distributions following pre‐Industrial and last glacial maximum (LGM) climate forcing for the continent of Africa. Our LGM simulations indicate that tropical broadleaf forest was not severely displaced by expanding grasslands within central Africa, although the outer extent of closed forest decreases, particularly in the north. Our simulations indicate that the structure of glacial forests may have been much different from today, in that LGM simulations indicate that forests were likely characterized by lower leaf area indexes, lower tree heights and lower vegetation carbon content. On the other hand, warmer interglacial climate (like our pre‐Industrial climate scenario) results in simulated expansion of tropical forest from coast to coast across central Africa that we postulate could have acted as a barrier to plant and animal species migrations. We suggest that our modeling experiments have implications for the interpretation of phylogenetic data, including that of our own species, Homo sapiens sapiens .

Explaining variation in tropical plant community composition: influence of environmental and spatial data quality - Mirkka M. Jones; Hanna Tuomisto; Daniel Borcard; Pierre Legendre; David B. Clark; Paulo C. Olivas (Oecologia, 2008)

Determination of Enantiomeric Compositions of Analytes Using Novel Fluorescent Chiral Molecular Micelles and Steady State Fluorescence Measurements - Alicia A. Williams; Sayo O. Fakayode; Onur Alptürk; Christina M. Jones; Mark Lowry; Robert M. Strongin; Isiah M. Warner (Journal of Fluorescence, 2008)

Evaluating the utility of stable isotope analyses of archived freshwater sample materials - J. Syväranta; S. Vesala; M. Rask; J. Ruuhijärvi; R. I. Jones (Hydrobiologia, 2008)

Validity of criteria for establishing maximal O2 uptake during ramp exercise tests - David C. Poole; Daryl P. Wilkerson; Andrew M. Jones (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2008)

Decentralized selection and participatory approaches in plant breeding for low-input systems - Julie C. Dawson; Kevin M. Murphy; Stephen S. Jones (Euphytica, 2008)

Respiratory health of road-side vendors in a large industrialized city - Alice Y. M. Jones; Peggo K. W. Lam; Mayur Danny I. Gohel (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2008)

Dietary analysis of Coryphaenoides serrulatus, C. subserruiatus and several other species of macrourid fish (Pisces: Macrouridae) from northeastern Chatham Rise, New Zealand - M. R. L. Jones (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2008)
The diets of Coryphaenoides serruiatus, C. subserruiatus and 11 other macrourid fish species sampled at depths of 901–1196 metres from the northeastern Chatham Rise are reported. Examination of stomach and intestinal contents of these fish permitted dietary reconstruction of species typically with high stomach‐eversion rates, and description of novel dietary information; the diets of all these species were dominated by small invertebrates, particularly Crustacea and Mollusca. The diets of C. serruiatus and C. subserruiatus were subject to ontogenetic change, with larger food items increasing in importance in the diet of larger fish. Benthic food items are important for some species, whereas overall the diets probably reflect seasonal levels of prey or carrion abundance.

The mGlu2 but not the mGlu3 receptor mediates the actions of the mGluR2/3 agonist, LY379268, in mouse models predictive of antipsychotic activity - M. L. Woolley; D. J. Pemberton; S. Bate; C. Corti; D. N. C. Jones (Psychopharmacology, 2008)

An evaluation of Arctic cloud and radiation processes during the SHEBA year: simulation results from eight Arctic regional climate models - K. Wyser; C. G. Jones; P. Du; E. Girard; U. Willén; J. Cassano; J. H. Christensen; J. A. Curry; K. Dethloff; J.-E. Haugen; D. Jacob; M. Køltzow; et al. (Climate Dynamics, 2008)

Evaluation of partial replacement of live and fresh feeds with a formulated diet and the influence of weaning Panulirus ornatus phyllosomata onto a formulated diet during early ontogeny - Matthew D. Johnston; Danielle J. Johnston; Clive M. Jones (Aquaculture International, 2008)

A Novel Pressure Film Approach for Determining the Force Imparted by Clear Removable Thermoplastic Appliances - Laura J. Barbagallo; Gang Shen; Allan S. Jones; Michael V. Swain; Peter Petocz; M. Ali Darendeliler (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2008)

Herpesvirus that caused epizootic mortality in 1995 and 1998 in pilchard, Sardinops sagax neopilchardus (Steindachner), in Australia is now endemic - R J Whittington; M Crockford; D Jordan; B Jones (Journal of Fish Diseases, 2008)
Propagating epizootics due to Pilchard herpesvirus (PHV) occurred in the Australian population of pilchard, Sardinops sagax neopilchardus (Steindachner) (Clupeidae), in 1995 and 1998–99, with up to 60% losses. No mortality events have been evident in the ensuing 7 years, one reason for which could be that PHV is now endemic. During 2004, a survey was conducted to establish if PHV was present in pilchards in Australia. The pilchard is a highly active, pelagic schooling fish which is found in subpopulations, creating difficulties for the conduct of surveys. It occurs in Australian coastal waters and embayments below about 25 °S latitude, feeds on plankton and is predated by birds, mammals and larger fish. It reaches sexual maturity at 2 years of age, spawns at sea, enters embayments when about 5 months old and returns to sea when about 1 year old. It may live for 6–9 years, reaching a maximum length of 200 mm. It forms schools and may travel up to 30 km per day. Pilchards aggregate in mobile shoals of fish containing large highly mobile schools, which interact randomly and exchange individuals. Four subpopulations were defined for the purposes of this survey based on differences in biological characteristics: south‐eastern Queensland/northern New South Wales (NSW), Victoria/South Australia (SA), south coast Western Australia (SWA) and west coast Western Australia (WWA). Specimens were obtained from the catch of commercial fishermen using random sampling where possible. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of PHV was performed after appraising the suitability of all available tests according to their impact on sample size requirements, total survey costs and logistical constraints. In the analysis, estimates of true prevalence (TP) of infection and 95% confidence limits were adjusted from the apparent prevalence estimates provided by PCR results. Percentage TP of PHV and corresponding 95% confidence intervals for the four subpopulations: NSW, SA, SWA and WWA were thus estimated as 0 (0–1.5), 31 (22–43), 42 (31–55) and 29 (20–41), respectively. PHV is now endemic in Australian populations of pilchard. Implications of the findings for fisheries management are discussed.

Regulated floodplains – a trap for unwary fish - M. J. JONES; I. G. STUART (Fisheries Management and Ecology, 2008)
Loss of river‐floodplain (lateral) connectivity has impacted on fish communities and fisheries around the world. However, evidence of the impacts of reduced lateral connectivity on Australian native fish remains scant. To document these impacts, isolated pools located immediately downstream of two major regulators (or weirs) that control flows from the Murray River to an extensive off‐stream floodplain, were pumped out five times between 2001 and 2006. A total of 20 980 fish (16 228 native, 4752 non‐native) comprising 15 species (five non‐native) were collected. Five fish species collected are classified as threatened, while turtles and macroinvertebrates were also present. Regulator operation appeared to affect the number of fish becoming stranded, with the highest number coinciding with longer regulator openings and extended floodplain inundation. Hundreds of floodplain regulators exist on Australian rivers, and all have the potential to impact upon native fish. Trial of several potential management and engineering solutions is recommended to improve river–floodplain connectivity in lowland rivers.

Criteria for arrhythmogenicity in genetically-modified Langendorff-perfused murine hearts modelling the congenital long QT syndrome type 3 and the Brugada syndrome - Ian N. Sabir; Lucia M. Li; Victoria J. Jones; Catharine A. Goddard; Andrew A. Grace; Christopher L.-H. Huang (Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 2008)

Leaf shape linked to photosynthetic rates and temperature optima in South African Pelargonium species - A. B. Nicotra; M. J. Cosgrove; A. Cowling; C. D. Schlichting; C. S. Jones (Oecologia, 2008)

Characterisation of cysteine proteinase activities in the digestive tract of juvenile Paragnathia formica isopods, ectoparasites of estuarine fish - Brigitte M. Manship; Anthony J. Walker; Lucy A. Jones; Angela J. Davies (Marine Biology, 2008)

Spatial variation of otolith elemental signatures among juvenile gray snapper (Lutjanus griseus) inhabiting southern Florida waters - Monica R. Lara; David L. Jones; Zhongxing Chen; John T. Lamkin; Cynthia M. Jones (Marine Biology, 2008)

Network distribution of mitochondria and lipid droplets in human muscle fibres - Christopher S. Shaw; David A. Jones; Anton J. M. Wagenmakers (Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 2008)

The effects of CYP3A4 inhibition on erlotinib pharmacokinetics: computer-based simulation (SimCYP™) predicts in vivo metabolic inhibition - Ashok Rakhit; Michael P. Pantze; Scott Fettner; Hannah M. Jones; Jean-Eric Charoin; Myriam Riek; Bert L. Lum; Marta Hamilton (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2008)

Natural resistance to Alfalfa mosaic virus in different lupin species - R. A. C. Jones; R. M. Pearce; R. T. Prince; B. A. Coutts (Australasian Plant Pathology, 2008)

Development of a generic PCR detection method for tobraviruses - D. Jones; K. Farreyrol; G. R. G. Clover; M. N. Pearson (Australasian Plant Pathology, 2008)

Discussion paper: The naming of Potato virus Y strains infecting potato - R. P. Singh; J. P. T. Valkonen; S. M. Gray; N. Boonham; R. A. C. Jones; C. Kerlan; J. Schubert (Archives of Virology, 2008)

Carbon and water cycles in tropical papyrus wetlands - M. J. Saunders; M. B. Jones; F. Kansiime (Wetlands Ecology and Management, 2007)

Semi-captive rearing of the African wild silkmoth Gonometa postica (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) on an indigenous and a non-indigenous host plant in Kenya - Boniface M. Ngoka; Esther N. Kioko; Suresh K. Raina; Jones M. Mueke; David M. Kimbu (International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 2007)

A novel Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation method of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] using primary-node explants from seedlings - Paula M. Olhoft; Libby M. Bernal; Leslie B. Grist; D. Steven Hill; S. Luke Mankin; Yuwei Shen; Mary Kalogerakis; Hunt Wiley; Effie Toren; Hee-Sook Song; Helke Hillebrand; Todd Jones (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 2007)

Disarming and sequencing of Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain K599 (NCPPB2659) plasmid pRi2659 - S. Luke Mankin; D. Steven Hill; Paula M. Olhoft; Effie Toren; Allan R. Wenck; Lawrence Nea; Liqun Xing; Jeffrey A. Brown; Huihua Fu; Lesley Ireland; Hongmei Jia; Helke Hillebrand; et al. (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 2007)

Integrated bioinformatic and phenotypic analysis of RpoN‐dependent traits in the plant growth‐promoting bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 - Jacob Jones; David J. Studholme; Christopher G. Knight; Gail M. Preston (Environmental Microbiology, 2007)
Summary The alternative sigma factor RpoN is a key regulator in the acclimation of Pseudomonas to complex natural environments. In this study we show that RpoN is required for efficient colonization of sugar beet seedlings by the plant growth‐promoting bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25, and use phenotypic and bioinformatic approaches to profile the RpoN‐dependent traits and genes of P. fluorescens SBW25. RpoN is required for flagellar biosynthesis and for assimilation of a wide variety of nutrient sources including inorganic nitrogen, amino acids, sugar alcohols and dicarboxylic acids. Chemosensitivity assays indicate that RpoN‐regulated genes contribute to acid tolerance and resistance to some antibiotics, including tetracyclines and aminoglycosides. Gain of function changes associated with loss of RpoN included increased tolerance to hydroxyurea and Guanazole. Bioinformatic predictions of RpoN‐regulated genes show a close correspondence with phenotypic analyses of RpoN‐regulated traits and suggest novel functions for RpoN in P. fluorescens , including regulation of poly(A) polymerase. The reduced plant colonization ability observed for an rpoN mutant of P. fluorescens is therefore likely to be due to defects in multiple traits including nutrient assimilation, protein secretion and stress tolerance.

Increased breakpoints on a progressive ratio schedule reinforced by IV cocaine are associated with reduced locomotor activation and reduced dopamine efflux in nucleus accumbens shell in rats - Christopher M. Lack; Sara R. Jones; David C. S. Roberts (Psychopharmacology, 2007)

Preimplantation embryo development (Ped) gene copy number varies from 0 to 85 in a population of wild mice identified as Mus musculus domesticus - Michael J. Byrne; Gwilym S. Jones; Carol M. Warner (Mammalian Genome, 2007)

Nail Swelling as a Pre-formulation Screen for the Selection and Optimisation of Ungual Penetration Enhancers - R. H. Khengar; S. A. Jones; R. B. Turner; B. Forbes; M. B. Brown (Pharmaceutical Research, 2007)

The Effect of Soil Erosion on Europe’s Crop Yields - Martha M. Bakker; Gerard Govers; Robert A. Jones; Mark D. A. Rounsevell (Ecosystems, 2007)

Molecular analysis of Agrobacterium T-DNA integration in tomato reveals a role for left border sequence homology in most integration events - Colwyn M. Thomas; Jonathan D. G. Jones (Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 2007)

Human osteoblast cell spreading and vinculin expression upon biomaterial surfaces - Maria Ann Woodruff; Peter Jones; David Farrar; David M. Grant; Colin A. Scotchford (Journal of Molecular Histology, 2007)

Recent vegetation history of Drygarn Fawr (Elenydd SSSI), Cambrian Mountains, Wales: implications for conservation management of degraded blanket mires - F. M. Chambers; D. Mauquoy; E. W. Cloutman; J. R. G. Daniell; P. S. Jones (Biodiversity and Conservation, 2007)

Cheravirus and Sadwavirus: two unassigned genera of plant positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses formerly considered atypical members of the genus Nepovirus (family Comoviridae) - O. Le Gall; H. Sanfaçon; M. Ikegami; T. Iwanami; T. Jones; A. Karasev; K. Lehto; J. Wellink; T. Wetzel; N. Yoshikawa (Archives of Virology, 2007)

High-density single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis in patients with germline deletions of 22q11.2 and malignant rhabdoid tumor - Eric M. Jackson; Tamim H. Shaikh; Sridharan Gururangan; Marilyn C. Jones; David Malkin; Sarah M. Nikkel; Craig W. Zuppan; Luanne M. Wainwright; Fan Zhang; Jaclyn A. Biegel (Human Genetics, 2007)

Distribution of behaviours and species interactions within home range contours in five Caribbean reef fish species (Family Labridae) - K. Martha M. Jones (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2007)

Poster abstracts - J. Ferrie; M. Shipley; F. Cappuccio; E. Brunner; M. Miller; M. Kumari; M. Marmot; A. Coenen; J. L. Castillo; F. Araya; G. Bustamante; L. Montecino; et al. (Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 2007)

Macrophyte Sorption and Bioconcentration of Elements in a Pilot Constructed Wetland for Flue Gas Desulfurization Wastewater Treatment - Sarah E. Sundberg-Jones; Sayed M. Hassan (Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2007)

Improved drought tolerance of transgenic Zea mays plants that express the glutamate dehydrogenase gene (gdhA) of E. coli - David A. Lightfoot; Rajsree Mungur; Rafiqa Ameziane; Scott Nolte; Lynn Long; Karen Bernhard; Andrew Colter; Karen Jones; M. J. Iqbal; Edward Varsa; Brian Young (Euphytica, 2007)

Global negative vegetation feedback to climate warming responses of leaf litter decomposition rates in cold biomes - Johannes H.C. Cornelissen; Peter M. Van Bodegom; Rien Aerts; Terry V. Callaghan; Richard S.P. Van Logtestijn; Juha Alatalo; F. Stuart Chapin; Renato Gerdol; Jon Gudmundsson; Dylan Gwynn‐Jones; Anne E. Hartley; David S. Hik; et al. (Ecology Letters, 2007)
Whether climate change will turn cold biomes from large long‐term carbon sinks into sources is hotly debated because of the great potential for ecosystem‐mediated feedbacks to global climate. Critical are the direction, magnitude and generality of climate responses of plant litter decomposition. Here, we present the first quantitative analysis of the major climate‐change‐related drivers of litter decomposition rates in cold northern biomes worldwide. Leaf litters collected from the predominant species in 33 global change manipulation experiments in circum‐arctic‐alpine ecosystems were incubated simultaneously in two contrasting arctic life zones. We demonstrate that longer‐term, large‐scale changes to leaf litter decomposition will be driven primarily by both direct warming effects and concomitant shifts in plant growth form composition, with a much smaller role for changes in litter quality within species. Specifically, the ongoing warming‐induced expansion of shrubs with recalcitrant leaf litter across cold biomes would constitute a negative feedback to global warming. Depending on the strength of other (previously reported) positive feedbacks of shrub expansion on soil carbon turnover, this may partly counteract direct warming enhancement of litter decomposition.

Historic trawl data and recent information infers temporal change in the occurrence of squid in the diet of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett) in New Zealand - M. R. L. Jones (Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2007)

No cost of male mating experience on female reproductive success in the almond moth, Cadra cautella (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae) - Kathryn B. McNamara; Therésa M. Jones; Mark A. Elgar (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2007)

Phylogenetic evidence for an animal pathogen origin of ergot and the grass endophytes - J. W. SPATAFORA; G.‐H. SUNG; J.‐M. SUNG; N. L. HYWEL‐JONES; J. F. WHITE (Molecular Ecology, 2007)
Grass‐associated fungi (grass symbionts) in the family Clavicipitaceae (Ascomycota, Hypocreales) are species whose host range is restricted to the plant family Poaceae and rarely Cyperaceae. The best‐characterized species include Claviceps purpurea (ergot of rye) and Neotyphodium coenophialum (endophyte of tall fescue). They have been the focus of considerable research due to their importance in agricultural and grassland ecosystems and the diversity of their bioactive secondary metabolites. Here we show through multigene phylogenetic analyses and ancestral character state reconstruction that the grass symbionts in Clavicipitaceae are a derived group that originated from an animal pathogen through a dynamic process of interkingdom host jumping. The closest relatives of the grass symbionts include the genera Hypocrella , a pathogen of scale insects and white flies, and Metarhizium , a generalist arthropod pathogen. These data do not support the monophyly of Clavicipitaceae, but place it as part of a larger clade that includes Hypocreaceae, a family that contains mainly parasites of other fungi. A minimum of 5–8 independent and unidirectional interkingdom host jumps has occurred among clavicipitaceous fungi, including 3–5 to fungi, 1–2 to animals, and 1 to plants. These findings provide a new evolutionary context for studying the biology of the grass symbionts, their role in plant ecology, and the evolution of host affiliation in fungal symbioses.

Identifying the genetic basis of ecologically and biotechnologically useful functions of the bacterium Burkholderia vietnamiensis - Louise A. O'Sullivan; Andrew J. Weightman; T. Hefin Jones; Angela M. Marchbank; James M. Tiedje; Eshwar Mahenthiralingam (Environmental Microbiology, 2007)
Summary Signature‐tagged mutagenesis (STM) was used to identify genetic determinants of fitness associated with two key ecological processes mediated by bacteria. Burkholderia vietnamiensis strain G4 was used as a model bacterium to investigate: phenol degradation as a model of bioremediation, and pea rhizosphere colonization as a prerequisite to biological control and phytoremediation. A total of 1900 mutants were screened and 196 putative fitness mutants identified; the genetic basis of 137 of these mutations was determined by correlation to the G4 genome. The phenol‐STM screen was more successful at identifying phenol degradation mutations (83 mutants; 4.4% hit rate) than a conventional agar‐based phenol screen (49 mutants, 5319 screened, 0.92% hit rate). The combination of both screens completely defined the components of the TOM pathway in strain G4 and also identified novel accessory genes not previously implicated in phenol utilization. The rhizosphere‐STM screen identified 113 mutants (5.9% hit rate); 107 had reduced tag signals indicative of poor rhizosphere colonization (Rhiz – ), while six mutants produced high hybridization signals suggesting increased rhizosphere competence (Rhiz + ). Competition assays confirmed that 69% of Rhiz – mutants tested (24/35) were severely compromised in their rhizosphere fitness. Seventy Rhiz – mutations mapped to genes with the following putative functions: amino acid biosynthesis (25; 36%), general metabolism (18; 26%), hypothetical (9; 13%), regulatory genes (4; 5.7%), transport and stress (2 each; 2.8% respectively). One of the most interesting discoveries mediated by the rhizosphere‐STM screen was the identification of three Rhiz + mutants inactivated within a single virulence‐associated autotransporter adhesin gene; this mutation consistently produced a hyper‐colonization phenotype suggesting a highly novel role for this surface adhesin during plant interactions. Our study has shown that STM can be successfully applied to ecologically important microbial interactions, defining the underlying genetic systems important for biotechnological fitness of environmental bacteria such those from the Burkholderia cepacia complex.

Endotoxin-induced activation of equine platelets: evidence for direct activation of p38 MAPK pathways and vasoactive mediator production - A. C. Brooks; N. J. Menzies-Gow; C. Wheeler-Jones; S. R. Bailey; F. M. Cunningham; J. Elliott (Inflammation Research, 2007)

Environmental predictors of global parrot (Aves: Psittaciformes) species richness and phylogenetic diversity - Richard G. Davies; C. David L. Orme; Andrea J. Webster; Kate E. Jones; Tim M. Blackburn; Kevin J. Gaston (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2007)
Aim Spatial patterns of phylogenetic diversity (PD) aid our ability to discern diversification rate mechanisms underlying hypotheses for the large‐scale distribution of biodiversity. We develop a predictive framework for the way in which spatial patterns of PD vary with those of species richness, depending on the balance between speciation and extinction rates. Within this framework, diversification processes thought to underlie the productive energy, ambient energy, topographic variability and habitat variety hypotheses predict that gradients of increase in species richness will be associated with: (1) decreasing extinction rates where driven by productive energy, hence increasing relative PD (i.e. PD controlling for species richness, or PD rel ); (2) a similar positive relationship between ambient energy and PD rel ; (3) increasing speciation rates where driven by topographic variability, hence decreasing PD rel ; and (4) no consistent relationship between PD rel and habitat variety when driven by the latter. We test these predictions using distributional data on parrots. Location Neotropical, Afrotropical, Indo‐Malayan and Australasian realms. Methods Spatial models were used to test the predictions. Results Globally, a positive association between productive energy and PD rel confirms prediction (1). However, within realms, hump‐shaped relationships suggest the importance of decreasing extinction rates up to a threshold level of productive energy, and the increasing importance of speciation rates thereafter. Ambient energy is positively associated with PD rel in Australasia, Indo‐Malaya, and globally, supporting prediction (2). However, this is driven by the coincidence of highest PD rel in areas of high ambient energy and intermediate productive energy (i.e. in seasonal tropical environments), which may be characterized by relatively low speciation and extinction rates. In the Neotropics, increasing topographic variability is associated with decreasing PD rel and increasing species richness, suggesting an increasing gradient of speciation, supporting prediction (3). Elsewhere, the signal of this mechanism may be obscured by collinearities with energy gradients. The lack of an overall relationship between habitat diversity and PD rel confirms prediction (4). Main conclusions Spatial patterns of PD rel in relation to environmental gradients may be sensitive to collinearities among those gradients. Nevertheless, patterns emerge which have implications for the relative importance of speciation and extinction processes in generating latitudinal diversity gradients.

In-Vehicle Measurement of Particle Number Concentrations on School Buses Equipped with Diesel Retrofits - Davyda M. Hammond; Melinda M. Lalor; Steven L. Jones (Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2007)

Variation in emergence of parasitic and predatory isopods among habitats at Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef - C. M. Jones; A. S. Grutter (Marine Biology, 2007)

Insect-Fungal Complex Associated with Loblolly Pine Decline in Central Alabama - Lori G. Eckhardt; Ann M. Weber; Roger D. Menard; John P. Jones; Nolan J. Hess (Forest Science, 2007)
Loblolly pine decline, characterized by an expanding area of declining and dead trees, is becoming increasingly prevalent in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) forests in central Alabama. A 3-year study was conducted to determine the fungal, root, and lower stem-infesting insect, and/or soil parameters associated with this decline. Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, Pachylobius picivorus, and Hylobius pales were significantly more abundant in declining plots than in asymptomatic plots. Root- and lower stem-infesting insects consistently carried Leptographium terebrantis, L. procerum, and L. serpens. Sampled roots had high levels of root damage, mortality, and staining typically associated with Leptographium species. Root damage and mortality preceded aboveground symptoms of short chlorotic needles, sparse crowns, reduced radial growth, and tree mortality. A sequence of biotic and abiotic factors is proposed as the cause of loblolly pine decline complex.

Detection and visualization of spatial genetic structure in continuous Eucalyptus globulus forest - TIM H. JONES; RENÉ E. VAILLANCOURT; BRAD M. POTTS (Molecular Ecology, 2007)
Visualizing the pattern of variation using microsatellites within a Eucalyptus globulus forest on the island of Tasmania provided surprising insights into the complex nature of the fine‐scale spatial genetic structure that resides in these forests. We used spatial autocorrelation and principal coordinate analysis to compare fine‐scale genetic structure between juvenile and mature cohorts in a study area, 140 m in diameter, located within a typical, continuous E. globulus forest. In total, 115 juvenile and 168 mature individuals were genotyped with eight highly polymorphic microsatellite loci. There was no significant difference in the level of genetic diversity between cohorts. However, there were differences in the spatial distribution of the genetic variation. Autocorrelation analysis provided clear evidence for significant spatial genetic structure in the mature cohort and significant, but weaker, structure in the juvenile cohort. The spatial interpolation of principal coordinate axes, derived from ordination of the genetic distance matrix between individuals, revealed a spatially coherent family group which was evident in both cohorts. Direct comparison of the genetic structure within each cohort allowed visualization of a shift in the spatial distribution of genetic variation within the population of approximately 10 m. As the shift coincided with the direction of prevailing winds, it is hypothesized that this phenomenon is due to downwind dispersal of seeds and is indicative of the important role of prevailing winds in forcing eastward gene flow in these high‐latitude forests.

Aspects of the distribution and growth of bluemouth ( Helicolenus dactylopterus , Delaroche 1809) since its invasion of the northern North Sea in 1991 - J. C. J. MAMIE; D. J. BEARE; E. G. JONES; M. KIENZLE; H. DOBBY; M. R. HEATH; D. G. REID (Fisheries Oceanography, 2007)
Recent trends in the abundance, distribution and growth of bluemouth in Scottish waters are described. The observations are all based on an ecologically important time‐series database of trawl surveys conducted annually between 1925 and 2004 by Fisheries Research Services, Aberdeen. We examine the period 1985–2004 in detail. Bluemouth abundance has increased over the last decade both along the continental shelf west of Scotland and in the North Sea. In 1991 bluemouth appeared in the northern North Sea as a distinct cohort, with total lengths ranging between 6 and 8 cm. 1991 was a year of exceptional Atlantic inflow into the North Sea, and it is likely that the bluemouth used this water mass as a highway, entering from the north and west as small individuals. The fish from 1991 grew steadily and formed a distinct length mode that we track here until its disappearance in 2002. In the first few years following this influx, bluemouth were recorded all around the northern North Sea, but since 1997 numbers have declined and its distribution has shrunk into one of two International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) statistical rectangles (39F1 and 40F2) which are positioned in the central part of the North Sea. Since 1991 only one subsequent and relatively minor immigration of bluemouth into the North Sea has taken place, in 1998. The composition of the North Sea bluemouth population as a single cohort allows its spatial distribution, expansion and growth rate to be charted, discussed and described.

Biochemical prey recognition by planktonic protozoa - Emma C. Wootton; Mikhail V. Zubkov; D. Hugh Jones; Ruth H. Jones; Claire M. Martel; Catherine A. Thornton; Emily C. Roberts (Environmental Microbiology, 2007)
Summary Planktonic flagellates and ciliates are the major consumers of phytoplankton and bacterioplankton in aquatic environments, playing a pivotal role in carbon cycling and nutrient regeneration. Despite certain unicellular predators using chemosensory responses to locate and select their prey, the biochemical mechanisms behind prey reception and selection have not been elucidated. Here we identify a Ca 2+ ‐dependent, mannose‐binding lectin on the marine dinoflagellate Oxyrrhis marina , which is used as a feeding receptor for recognizing prey. Blocking the receptor using 20 μM mannose‐BSA inhibited ingestion of phytoplankton prey, Isochrysis galbana , by 60%. In prey selection studies, O. marina ingested twice as many 6 μm diameter beads coated with mannose‐BSA as those coated with galNac‐BSA. When pre‐incubated with mannose‐BSA, O. marina was no longer able to discriminate between different sugar‐coated beads. Thus, these findings reveal molecular mechanisms of protozoan prey recognition. Our results also indicate the functional similarity between cellular recognition used by planktonic protozoa to discriminate between different prey items, and those used by metazoan phagocytic blood cells to recognize invading microorganisms.

Methods to control ectomycorrhizal colonization: effectiveness of chemical and physical barriers - François P. Teste; Justine Karst; Melanie D. Jones; Suzanne W. Simard; Daniel M. Durall (Mycorrhiza, 2006)

Population structure between environmentally transmitted vibrios and bobtail squids using nested clade analysis - B. W. JONES; J. E. LOPEZ; J. HUTTENBURG; M. K. NISHIGUCHI (Molecular Ecology, 2006)
Squids from the genus Euprymna (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae) and their symbiotic bacteria Vibrio fischeri form a mutualism in which vibrios inhabit a complex light organ within the squid host. A host‐mediated daily expulsion event seeds surrounding seawater with symbiotically capable V. fischeri that environmentally colonize newly hatched axenic Euprymna juveniles. Competition experiments using native and non‐native Vibrio have shown that this expulsion/re‐colonization phenomenon has led to cospeciation in this system in the Pacific Ocean; however, the genetic architecture of these symbiotic populations has not been determined. Using genetic diversity and nested clade analyses we have examined the variation and history of three allopatric Euprymna squid species ( E. scolopes of Hawaii, E. hyllebergi of Thailand, and E. tasmanica from Australia) and their respective Vibrio symbionts. Euprymna populations appear to be very genetically distinct from each other, exhibiting little or no migration over large geographical distances. In contrast, Vibrio symbiont populations contain more diverse haplotypes, suggesting both host presence and unidentified factors facilitating long‐distance migration structure in Pacific Vibrio populations. Findings from this study highlight the importance of how interactions between symbiotic organisms can unexpectedly shape population structure in phylogeographical studies.

Quantifying anthropogenic influence on recent near-surface temperature change - M. R. Allen; N. P. Gillett; J. A. Kettleborough; G. Hegerl; R. Schnur; P. A. Stott; G. Boer; C. Covey; T. L. Delworth; G. S. Jones; J. F. B. Mitchell; T. P. Barnett (Surveys in Geophysics, 2006)

Bridging the gap between micro - and macro-scale perspectives on the role of microbial communities in global change ecology - T. C. Balser; K. D. McMahon; D. Bart; D. Bronson; D. R. Coyle; N. Craig; M. L. Flores-Mangual; K. Forshay; S. E. Jones; A. E. Kent; A. L. Shade (Plant and Soil, 2006)

Extended breeding and recruitment periods of fishes on a low latitude coral reef - M. Srinivasan; G. P. Jones (Coral Reefs, 2006)

Donepezil primarily attenuates scopolamine-induced deficits in psychomotor function, with moderate effects on simple conditioning and attention, and small effects on working memory and spatial mapping - Mark D. Lindner; John B. Hogan; Donald B. Hodges; Anitra F. Orie; Ping Chen; Jason A. Corsa; John E. Leet; Kevin W. Gillman; Gregory M. Rose; Kelli M. Jones; Valentin K. Gribkoff (Psychopharmacology, 2006)

Timing of parturition in two species of viviparous lizard: influences of β-adrenergic stimulation and temperature upon uterine responses to arginine vasotocin (AVT) - Natalia Atkins; Susan M. Jones; Louis J. Guillette (Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 2006)

Mycorrhization helper bacteria: a case of specificity for altering ectomycorrhiza architecture but not ectomycorrhiza formation - Thomas J. Aspray; Pascale Frey-Klett; Julie E. Jones; John M. Whipps; Jean Garbaye; Gary D. Bending (Mycorrhiza, 2006)

Lallemantia, an imported or introduced oil plant in Bronze Age northern Greece - Glynis Jones; Soultana M. Valamoti (Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2006)

Trace Metal Concentrations in Wild and Cultured Australian Short-Finned Eel (Anguilla australis Richardson) - A.-M. Calvi; G. Allinson; P. Jones; S. Salzman; M. Nishikawa; N. Turoczy (Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2006)

Sediment TCDD-EQs and EROD and MROD Activities in Ranid Frogs from Agricultural and Nonagricultural Sites in Michigan (USA) - M. B. Murphy; M. Hecker; K. K. Coady; A. R. Tompsett; P. D. Jones; J. L. Newsted; H. L. Wong; L. H. du Preez; K. R. Solomon; J. A. Carr; E. E. Smith; R. J. Kendall; et al. (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2006)

Evaluation of an ensemble of Arctic regional climate models: spatiotemporal fields during the SHEBA year - A. Rinke; K. Dethloff; J. J. Cassano; J. H. Christensen; J. A. Curry; P. Du; E. Girard; J.-E. Haugen; D. Jacob; C. G. Jones; M. Køltzow; R. Laprise; et al. (Climate Dynamics, 2006)

Episodic Quaternary volcanism in France and Germany - David A. G. Nowell; M. Chris Jones; David M. Pyle (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2006)
Intra‐plate volcanism in western Europe shows statistically significant episodicity during the Quaternary period. By comparing the known ages for eruptions in France and Germany, which are compiled here, with a composite oxygen isotope record, we have investigated the link between this episodic volcanism and the climate record over the last two million years. We show that increased volcanism between 415–400 ka and 17–5 ka correlates with warming phases at the end of the last Weichselian (Devensian) and earlier Elsterian (Anglian) glacial stages. The three significant caldera explosions in the eastern Eifel, Germany, are all associated with warming phases at the onset of interglacials. The growth and decay of nearby ice sheets suggest that surface changes in continental mass distribution during glacial Milankovich cycles could provide a mechanism for this correlation by means of the distal effects of flexural loading on the lithosphere. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Episodic Quaternary volcanism in France and Germany. David A. G. Nowell, M. Chris Jones and David M. Pyle. Journal of Quaternary Science Vol 21 No 6 2006, pages 645–675. - David A. G. Nowell; M. Chris Jones; David M. Pyle (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2006)
The original article to which this Erratum refers was published in Journal of Quaternary Science Vol 21 No 6 2006, pages 645–675. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Can the chemistry of otolith nuclei determine population structure of Patagonian toothfish Dissostichus eleginoides ? - J. R. Ashford; A. I. Arkhipkin; C. M. Jones (Journal of Fish Biology, 2006)
Otolith nucleus chemistry resolved the population structure of Patagonian toothfish Dissostichus eleginoides , an exclusively marine species, along the Patagonian Shelf and North Scotia Ridge out to South Georgia in the Southern Ocean. Concentrations of 55 Mn, 88 Sr and 137 Ba, ratioed to 42 Ca, showed a sharp population boundary in the vicinity of the Polar Front, between South Georgia and the North Scotia Ridge. These results validated otolith nucleus chemistry as a technique for examining population structure in Patagonian toothfish, demonstrating that otolith nucleus chemistry can discriminate between populations even in fully marine environments. Moreover, the nucleus chemistry indicated population heterogeneity not previously detected, suggesting the possibility of more than one South American population, and also suggested some South American‐caught fish had moved from South Georgia.

Filtering techniques for the removal of ventilator artefact in oesophageal pulse oximetry - K. Shafqat; D. P. Jones; R. M. Langford; P. A. Kyriacou (Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 2006)

Molecular approach for assessing responses of microbial‐feeding nematodes to burning and chronic nitrogen enrichment in a native grassland - KENNETH L. JONES; TIMOTHY C. TODD; JULIE L. WALL‐BEAM; JOSEPH D. COOLON; JOHN M. BLAIR; MICHAEL A. HERMAN (Molecular Ecology, 2006)
A substantial proportion of the primary productivity in grassland ecosystems is allocated belowground, sustaining an abundant and diverse community of microbes and soil invertebrates. These belowground communities drive many important ecosystem functions and are responsive to a variety of environmental changes. Nematodes, an abundant and diverse component of grassland soil communities, are particularly responsive to altered environmental conditions, such as those associated with reduced fire frequency and nitrogen enrichment, with the most consistent responses displayed by microbial‐feeding nematodes. However, much of the available research characterizing nematode responses to environmental change has been carried out at the taxonomic level of family or by broad trophic categories (e.g. fungivores, bacterivores). The extent to which differential responses to environmental change occurs at the genus level or below is unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use molecular methods to quantify the response of microbial‐feeding nematodes, at the lowest levels of taxonomic resolution, to nitrogen enrichment and changes in fire frequency. Using sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) probes for the 18S ribosomal RNA gene and the ITS1 region, we identified 19 microbial‐feeding nematode taxa across four families. When nematodes were sampled across treatments, we found that some nematode taxa within a family responded similarly to nitrogen and burning treatments, while other taxa within the same family respond quite differently. Additionally, although nematodes from different families on average responded differently to nitrogen enrichment and burning, similar responses were seen in nematode taxa that span three taxonomic families. Thus, if nematodes are to be used as indicators of environmental change, care should be taken to assess the response at the lowest taxonomic level possible.

Movement of common carp, Cyprinus carpio , in a regulated lowland Australian river: implications for management - I. G. STUART; M. J. JONES (Fisheries Management and Ecology, 2006)
Introduced common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., is the most abundant large fish in the Murray‐Darling Basin and past studies have considered it non‐migratory. Movement information is, however, important for targeting control efforts to appropriate habitats and spatial scales. Movement patterns of common carp in the Murray River were investigated between November 1999 and August 2001. In total, 3337 common carp were boat electric fished and externally tagged. Of the 293 (8.8%) fish recaptured, up to 1898 days later, the majority (80%) moved

Experimental manipulations of microbial food web interactions in a humic lake: shifting biological drivers of bacterial community structure - Angela D. Kent; Stuart E. Jones; George H. Lauster; James M. Graham; Ryan J. Newton; Katherine D. McMahon (Environmental Microbiology, 2006)
Summary A previous multiyear study observed correlations between bacterioplankton community composition (BCC) and abundance and the dynamics of phytoplankton populations and bacterivorous grazers in a humic lake. These observations generated hypotheses about the importance of trophic interactions (both top‐down and bottom‐up) for structuring bacterial communities in this lake, which were tested using two multifactorial food web manipulation experiments that separately manipulated the intensity of grazing and the composition of the phytoplankton community. Our results, combined with field observations, suggest that a hierarchy of drivers structures bacterial communities in this lake. While other studies have noted links between aggregate measures of phytoplankton and bacterioplankton communities, we demonstrate here correlations between succession of phytoplankton assemblages and BCC as assessed by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA). We used a novel approach linking community ARISA data to phylogenetic assignments from sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene clone libraries to examine the responses of specific bacterial phylotypes to the experimental manipulations. The synchronous dynamics of these populations suggests that primary producers may mediate BCC and diversity through labile organic matter production, which evolves in quality and quantity during phytoplankton succession. Superimposed on this resource‐mediated control of BCC are brief periods of intense bacterivory that impact bacterial abundance and composition.

The first gene-based map of Lupinus angustifolius L.-location of domestication genes and conserved synteny with Medicago truncatula - Matthew N. Nelson; Huyen T. T. Phan; Simon R. Ellwood; Paula M. Moolhuijzen; James Hane; Angela Williams; Clare E. O‘Lone; John Fosu-Nyarko; Marie Scobie; Mehmet Cakir; Michael G. K. Jones; Matthew Bellgard; et al. (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2006)

Paraguay river basin response to seasonal rainfall - Carlos M. Krepper; Norberto O. García; Phil D. Jones (International Journal of Climatology, 2006)

Post‐natal development of the porcine microbiota composition and activities - Sergey R. Konstantinov; Ajay A. Awati; Barbara A. Williams; Bevis G. Miller; Philip Jones; Christopher R. Stokes; Antoon D. L. Akkermans; Hauke Smidt; Willem M. De Vos (Environmental Microbiology, 2006)
Summary The current study describes the development of the porcine microbiota and its metabolic activities during the neonatal and weaning period. Using 16S rRNA‐based approaches, we first analysed the ileal and colonic microbiota of neonatal piglets at days 2, 5 and 12 after birth. To further investigate the effect of weaning at 3 weeks of age, 19‐day‐old piglets ( n = 64) were randomly allocated into two groups. Half of the piglets remained with their sows throughout the study, while the remaining piglets were weaned. As revealed by sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons, the samples of 2‐day‐old piglets harboured a consortium of bacteria related to Escherichia coli , Shigella flexneri , Lactobacillus sobrius , Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus acidophilus . Moreover, species‐specific real‐time polymerase chain reaction assays unveiled that L. sobrius and L. reuteri predominated in the ileal samples of the neonatal and unweaned piglets with population levels up to 7 × 10 8 cells per gram of lumen content. Following weaning, however, these two lactobacilli were detected at significantly lower levels ( 3 ) in the ileal samples. Furthermore, a shift in composition and metabolic activities of the predominant microbiota, and emergence of clostridia and E. coli , were encountered in the intestinal samples of the piglets after the early post‐weaning period.

Comparative field performance over 3 years and two sites of transgenic wheat lines expressing HMW subunit transgenes - Peter R. Shewry; Stephen Powers; J. Michael Field; Roger J. Fido; Huw D. Jones; Gillian M. Arnold; Jevon West; Paul A. Lazzeri; Pilar Barcelo; Francisco Barro; Arthur S. Tatham; Frank Bekes; et al. (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2006)

Wanted dead or alive: high diversity of macroinvertebrates associated with living and ‘dead’ Posidonia oceanica matte - J. A. Borg; A. A. Rowden; M. J. Attrill; P. J. Schembri; M. B. Jones (Marine Biology, 2006)

The Contribution of Crab Burrow Excavation to Carbon Availability in Surficial Salt-marsh Sediments - Jorge L. Gutiérrez; Clive G. Jones; Peter M. Groffman; Stuart E. G. Findlay; Oscar O. Iribarne; Pablo D. Ribeiro; C. Martín Bruschetti (Ecosystems, 2006)

Individual and multi-environment combined analyses identify QTLs for morphogenetic and reproductive development traits in white clover (Trifolium repens L.) - N. O. I. Cogan; M. T. Abberton; K. F. Smith; G. Kearney; A. H. Marshall; A. Williams; T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates; C. Bowen; E. S. Jones; A. C. Vecchies; J. W. Forster (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2006)

Colchicine-induced polyploidization depends on tubulin polymerization in c-metaphase cells - A. D. Caperta; M. Delgado; F. Ressurreição; A. Meister; R. N. Jones; W. Viegas; A. Houben (Protoplasma, 2006)

Nitric oxide accelerates seed germination in warm-season grasses - Gautam Sarath; Paul C. Bethke; Russell Jones; Lisa M. Baird; Guichuan Hou; Robert B. Mitchell (Planta, 2006)

Regulation of a family of inwardly rectifying potassium channels (Kir2) by the m1 muscarinic receptor and the small GTPase Rho - Todd M. Rossignol; S. V. Penelope Jones (Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 2006)

Mating Frequency, Fecundity and Fertilization Success in the Hide Beetle, Dermestes Maculatus - Therésa M. Jones; Kathryn B. McNamara; Paul G. R. Colvin; Rebecca Featherston; Mark A. Elgar (Journal of Insect Behavior, 2006)

Respiratory health of bus drivers in Hong Kong - A. Y. M. Jones; P.K.W. Lam; E. Dean (International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 2006)

Modelling the role of intracolonial genetic diversity on regulation of brood temperature in honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies - S. Graham; M. R. Myerscough; J. C. Jones; B. P. Oldroyd (Insectes Sociaux, 2006)

An ephemeral turbidity maximum generated by resuspension of organic-rich matter in a macrotidal estuary, S.W. Wales - C. F. Jago; A. K. Ishak; S. E. Jones; M. R. G. Goff (Estuaries and Coasts, 2006)

Evaluation of an ensemble of Arctic regional climate models: spatiotemporal fields during the SHEBA year - A. Rinke; K. Dethloff; J. J. Cassano; J. H. Christensen; J. A. Curry; P. Du; E. Girard; J.-E. Haugen; D. Jacob; C. G. Jones; M. Køltzow; R. Laprise; et al. (Climate Dynamics, 2006)

Comparison of Glass Vessels and Plastic Bags for Enclosing Living Plant Parts for Headspace Analysis - Alex Stewart-Jones; Guy M. Poppy (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2006)

Genomics of hybrid poplar ( Populus trichocarpa × deltoides ) interacting with forest tent caterpillars ( Malacosoma disstria ): normalized and full‐length cDNA libraries, expressed sequence tags, and a cDNA microarray for the study of insect‐induced defences in poplar - STEVEN RALPH; CLAIRE ODDY; DAWN COOPER; HESTHER YUEH; SHARON JANCSIK; NATALIA KOLOSOVA; RYAN N. PHILIPPE; DANA AESCHLIMAN; RICK WHITE; DEZENE HUBER; CAROL E. RITLAND; FRANÇOIS BENOIT; et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2006)
As part of a genomics strategy to characterize inducible defences against insect herbivory in poplar, we developed a comprehensive suite of functional genomics resources including cDNA libraries, expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and a cDNA microarray platform. These resources are designed to complement the existing poplar genome sequence and poplar ( Populus spp.) ESTs by focusing on herbivore‐ and elicitor‐treated tissues and incorporating normalization methods to capture rare transcripts. From a set of 15 standard, normalized or full‐length cDNA libraries, we generated 139 007 3′‐ or 5′‐end sequenced ESTs, representing more than one‐third of the c. 385 000 publicly available Populus ESTs. Clustering and assembly of 107 519 3′‐end ESTs resulted in 14 451 contigs and 20 560 singletons, altogether representing 35 011 putative unique transcripts, or potentially more than three‐quarters of the predicted c. 45 000 genes in the poplar genome. Using this EST resource, we developed a cDNA microarray containing 15 496 unique genes, which was utilized to monitor gene expression in poplar leaves in response to herbivory by forest tent caterpillars ( Malacosoma disstria ). After 24 h of feeding, 1191 genes were classified as up‐regulated, compared to only 537 down‐regulated. Functional classification of this induced gene set revealed genes with roles in plant defence (e.g. endochitinases, Kunitz protease inhibitors), octadecanoid and ethylene signalling (e.g. lipoxygenase, allene oxide synthase, 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate oxidase), transport (e.g. ABC proteins, calreticulin), secondary metabolism [e.g. polyphenol oxidase, isoflavone reductase, (–)‐germacrene D synthase] and transcriptional regulation [e.g. leucine‐rich repeat transmembrane kinase, several transcription factor classes (zinc finger C3H type, AP2/EREBP, WRKY, bHLH)]. This study provides the first genome‐scale approach to characterize insect‐induced defences in a woody perennial providing a solid platform for functional investigation of plant–insect interactions in poplar.

Recovery of nineteenth‐century Tokyo/Osaka meteorological data in Japan - M. Zaiki; G. P. Können; T. Tsukahara; P. D. Jones; T. Mikami; K. Matsumoto (International Journal of Climatology, 2006)
We have recovered instrumental temperature and pressure observations from Tokyo covering the periods 1825–1828, 1839–1855, and 1872–1875; from Yokohama covering the periods 1860–1871 and 1874; from Osaka covering the periods 1828–1833 and 1869–1871; and from Kobe covering the periods 1869–1871 and 1875–1888. The newly recovered records contain data before the 1870s, which is a period where, until recently, no instrumental data in Japan were believed to exist. Their addition to the previous backward extension of Japanese series, as based on the recently recovered intermittent Dejima/Nagasaki series 1819–1878, implies that the nineteenth‐century extension of the Japanese instrumental record no longer contains major temporal gaps. The recovered data were used for a preliminary calculation of the west‐Japan temperature (WJT) series, which is a representative temperature series for the area. The existence of a warm epoch in the 1850s over W‐Japan and a downward temperature trend till the early twentieth century, as previously inferred from documentary data, is confirmed from the WJT data. The pressure data implies that the temperature differences between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries are at least partly caused by a change in atmospheric circulation. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society.

Expression analysis of the AtMLO Gene Family Encoding Plant-Specific Seven-Transmembrane Domain Proteins - Zhongying Chen; H. Andreas Hartmann; Ming-Jing Wu; Erin J. Friedman; Jin-Gui Chen; Matthew Pulley; Paul Schulze-Lefert; Ralph Panstruga; Alan M. Jones (Plant Molecular Biology, 2006)

Altered Expression of Auxin-binding Protein 1 Affects Cell Expansion and Auxin Pool Size in Tobacco Cells - Jin-Gui Chen; Shucai Wang; Colin M. Lazarus; Richard M. Napier; Alan M. Jones (Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2006)

Role of Immunity in Recovery from a Peripheral Nerve Injury - Virginia M. Sanders; Kathryn J. Jones (Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, 2006)

Democratising Access to Genetic Services - Bryn Williams-Jones; Michael M. Burgess (Familial Cancer, 2006)

A comparative analysis of population structure of a forest tree, Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae), using microsatellite markers and quantitative traits - Dorothy A. Steane; Natalie Conod; Rebecca C. Jones; René E. Vaillancourt; Bradley M. Potts (Tree Genetics & Genomes, 2006)

Reliability and Validity of an Assessment of Usual Phytoestrogen Consumption (United States) - Pamela L. Horn-Ross; Stephen Barnes; Valerie S. Lee; Christine N. Collins; Peggy Reynolds; Marion M. Lee; Susan L. Stewart; Alison J. Canchola; Landon Wilson; Kenneth Jones (Cancer Causes & Control, 2006)

Analysis of Mosses and Soils for Quantifying Heavy Metal Concentrations in Sicily: A Multivariate and Spatial Analytical Approach - Paola Gramatica; Francesco Battaini; Elisa Giani; Ester Papa; Robert J. A. Jones; Damiano Preatoni; Roberto M. Cenci (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2006)

Mapping the I-3 gene for resistance to Fusarium wilt in tomato: application of an I-3 marker in tomato improvement and progress towards the cloning of I-3 - G. T. T. Lim; G.-P. Wang; M. N. Hemming; S. Basuki; D. J. McGrath; B. J. Carroll; D. A. Jones (Australasian Plant Pathology, 2006)

Identification of sweet potato little leaf phytoplasma associated with Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis and Lycopersicon esculentum - M. Saqib; K. L. Bayliss; M. G. K. Jones (Australasian Plant Pathology, 2006)

Phytoplasma disease surveys in Tonga, New Caledonia and Vanuatu - R. I. Davis; P. Jones; T. J. Holman; K. Halsey; R. Amice; S. K. Tupouniua; M. Seth (Australasian Plant Pathology, 2006)

' Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense' is associated with diseases of red clover and paddy melon in south-west Australia - M. Saqib; M. G. K. Jones; R. A. C. Jones (Australasian Plant Pathology, 2006)

A NORTHEAST PACIFIC OFFSHORE KILLER WHALE ( ORCINUS ORCA ) FEEDING ON A PACIFIC HALIBUT ( HIPPOGLOSSUS STENOLEPIS ) - Iain M. Jones (Marine Mammal Science, 2006)

Lallemantia, an imported or introduced oil plant in Bronze Age northern Greece - Glynis Jones; Soultana M. Valamoti (Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2005)

An intercomparison between finite difference and finite element (TELEMAC) approaches to modelling west coast of Britain tides - J. Eric Jones; Alan M. Davies (Ocean Dynamics, 2005)

The Mitochondrial Genome of Xiphinema americanum sensu stricto (Nematoda: Enoplea): Considerable Economization in the Length and Structural Features of Encoded Genes - Y. He; J. Jones; M. Armstrong; F. Lamberti; M. Moens (Journal of Molecular Evolution, 2005)

Effects of territorial damselfish on an algal-dominated coastal coral reef - Daniela M. Ceccarelli; Geoffrey P. Jones; Laurence J. McCook (Coral Reefs, 2005)

An AOGCM simulation of the climate response to a volcanic super-eruption - Gareth S. Jones; Jonathan M. Gregory; Peter A. Stott; Simon F. B. Tett; Robert B. Thorpe (Climate Dynamics, 2005)

QTL analysis of fruit antioxidants in tomato using Lycopersicon pennellii introgression lines - M. Cecilia Rousseaux; Carl M. Jones; Dawn Adams; Roger Chetelat; Alan Bennett; Ann Powell (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2005)

Intraspecific Phylogeography of Red Squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) in the Central Rocky Mountain Region of North America - Gregory M. Wilson; Ronald A. Den Bussche; Karen McBee; Lacrecia A. Johnson; Cheri A. Jones (Genetica, 2005)

The Relationships between Effective Porosity, Uniaxial Compressive Strength and Sonic Velocity of Intact Borrowdale Volcanic Group Core Samples from Sellafield - D. C. Entwisle; P. R. N. Hobbs; L. D. Jones; D. Gunn; M. G. Raines (Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2005)

Laboratory Measurement and Correction of Thermal Properties for Application to the Rock Mass - D. A. Gunn; L. D. Jones; M. G. Raines; D. C. Entwisle; P. R. N. Hobbs (Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2005)

CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 - R. García-Herrera; G. P. Können; D. A. Wheeler; M. R. Prieto; P. D. Jones; F. B. Koek (Climatic Change, 2005)

Preliminary Reconstructions of the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Southern Oscillation Index from Measures of Wind Strength and Direction Taken During the Cliwoc Period - P. D. Jones; M. Salmon (Climatic Change, 2005)

Persistent Organochlorine Pesticides Levels in Blood Serum Lipids in Women Bearing Babies with Undescended Testis - S. M. Waliszewski; R. M. Infanzon; S. Gomez Arroyo; R. Villalobos Pietrini; O. Carvajal; P. Trujillo; P. M. Hayward-Jones (Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2005)

Molecular evidence for host specificity of parasitic nematode microfilariae in some African rainforest birds - RAVINDER N. M. SEHGAL; HUGH I. JONES; THOMAS B. SMITH (Molecular Ecology, 2005)
Here we describe, determine the prevalence, and examine the host‐specificity of some parasitic nematode microfilariae in selected bird species from West and Central Africa. We used microscopy to determine the prevalence of microfilariae in 969 host individuals representing 121 rainforest bird species from Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire and Equatorial Guinea. Thirteen (11%) of these potential host species harboured microfilariae, and 35 individuals (3.6%) were infected. From the 35 infected individuals, we identified eight distinct morphological microfilarial forms. Sixteen of the 35 infected individuals were of one host species, the Fire‐crested Alethe ( Alethe diademata ), at a prevalence rate of 62%. To examine host and geographical specificity, we sequenced a portion of the LSU rDNA gene from representative microfilariae drawn from different hosts and collecting locations. Identical sequences of the nematode LSU rDNA gene were found in A. diademata collected from locations in Côte d’Ivoire and Equatorial Guinea, locations separated by the Dahomey Gap and associated with different hypothesized refugial areas. In contrast, several other bird species collected at the same sites harboured different microfilaria lineages. We sequenced the mitochondrial ATP synthase genes of the host species A. diademata , and found a 5.4% sequence divergence between the birds sampled in Côte d’Ivoire, and those from Cameroon. Thus, despite this split between the two populations, they harbour microfilariae with identical lineages. These data provide evidence that the microfilariae found in A. diademata may be highly host specific. This apparent specificity may have important implications for the evolutionary and ecological interactions between parasitic nematodes and their avian hosts.

Characterisation of olanzapine-induced weight gain and effect of aripiprazole vs olanzapine on body weight and prolactin secretion in female rats - Mikhail Kalinichev; Claire Rourke; Alex J. Daniels; Mary K. Grizzle; Christy S. Britt; Diane M. Ignar; Declan N. C. Jones (Psychopharmacology, 2005)

Competitive Interactions between the Australian Native Fish Galaxias maculatus and the Exotic Mosquitofish Gambusia holbrooki,in a Series of Laboratory Experiments - Alistair Becker; Laurie J.B. Laurenson; Paul L. Jones; Dane M. Newman (Hydrobiologia, 2005)

Persistent Organochlorine Pesticide Levels in Breast Adipose Tissue in Women with Malignant and Benign Breast Tumors - S. M. Waliszewski; M. T. Bermudez; R. M. Infanzon; C. S. Silva; O. Carvajal; P. Trujillo; S. Gomez Arroyo; R. Villalobos Pietrini; V. A. Saldanña; G. Melo; S. Esquivel; F. Castro; et al. (Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2005)

Multiple selection pressures generate adherence to Bergmann's rule in a Neotropical migratory songbird - Jason Jones; Christine E. Gibb; Susanne C. Millard; Jennifer J. Barg; M. Katharine Girvan; M. Lisa Veit; Vicki L. Friesen; Raleigh J. Robertson (Journal of Biogeography, 2005)
Aim Bergmann's rule, the tendency for body size to be positively correlated with latitude, is widely accepted but the mechanisms behind the patterns are still debated. Bergmann's originally conceived mechanism was based on heat conservation; other proposed mechanisms invoke phylogeny, migration distance and resource seasonality. With the goal of examining these mechanisms, we quantified morphological variation across the breeding range of a Neotropical migratory songbird, the cerulean warbler ( Dendroica cerulea ). Location Deciduous forests of eastern North America. Methods We sampled nine cerulean warbler populations, spanning the species’ breeding range. We captured 156 males using targeted playback and model presentation, and included 127 adult males in our analyses of morphological variation. We used an information‐theoretical approach to identify climatic variables associated with geographical variation in body size. Results Cerulean warbler body size adheres to Bergmann's rule: individuals in northern populations are larger than those in southern populations. Variation in body size is best explained by variation in dry and wet‐bulb temperature and actual evapotranspiration. Main conclusions Adherence to Bergmann's rule by the cerulean warbler appears to be linked to thermodynamics (heat conservation in the north, evaporative cooling in the south) and resource seasonality. Multiple selection pressures can interact to generate a single axis of morphological geographical variation, and even subtle fluctuations in climatic variables can exert significant selection pressures. We suggest that the influence of selection pressures on migrants might be enhanced by migratory connectivity, providing further support for the important role played by this phenomenon in the ecology, evolution and population dynamics of migratory songbirds.

Resistance to eyespot of wheat, caused by Tapesia yallundae, derived from Thinopyrum intermedium homoeologous group 4 chromosome - H. J. Li; M. Arterburn; S. S. Jones; T. D. Murray (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2005)

Foragers versus farmers: contrasting effects of two behavioural groups of herbivores on coral reefs - Daniela M. Ceccarelli; Geoffrey P. Jones; Laurence J. McCook (Oecologia, 2005)

Directed Gp130-Mediated Signaling Dissociates Inflammation from Fibrosis in Bleomycin Induced Lung Injury - R. J. J. O’Donoghue; G. P. Anderson; S. Bozinovski; J. Jones; M. Ernst; D. A. Knight; S. E. Mutsaers (Inflammation Research, 2005)

Linking Land Cover and Water Quality in New York City’S Water Supply Watersheds - M. H. Mehaffey; M. S. Nash; T. G. Wade; D. W. Ebert; K. B. Jones; A. Rager (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2005)

ATM Polymorphism and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) ageof onset (United States) - J. Shawn Jones; Xiangjun Gu; Patrick M. Lynch; Miguel Rodriguez-Bigas; Christopher I. Amos; Marsha L. Frazier (Cancer Causes & Control, 2005)

Assessment of genotype × environment interactions for yield and fiber quality in cotton performance trials - B. T. Campbell; M. A. Jones (Euphytica, 2005)

Development of anonymous cDNA microarrays to study changes to the Senecio floral transcriptome during hybrid speciation - MATTHEW J. HEGARTY; JOANNA M. JONES; IAN D. WILSON; GARY L. BARKER; JANE A. COGHILL; PATRICIA SANCHEZ‐BARACALDO; GUOQING LIU; RICHARD J. A. BUGGS; RICHARD J. ABBOTT; KEITH J. EDWARDS; SIMON J. HISCOCK (Molecular Ecology, 2005)
Interspecific hybridization is an important process through which abrupt speciation can occur. In recent years, genetic changes associated with hybrid speciation have been identified through a variety of techniques, including AFLP/SSR mapping, GISH/FISH and cDNA‐AFLP differential display. However, progress in using microarray technology to analyse whole genome/transcriptome changes associated with hybrid speciation has been limited due to the lack of extensive sequence data for many hybrid species and the difficulties in extrapolating results from commercially available microarrays for model species onto nonmodel hybrid taxa. Increasingly therefore researchers studying nonmodel systems are turning to the development of ‘anonymous’ cDNA microarrays, where the time and cost of producing microarrays is reduced by printing unsequenced cDNA clones, and sequencing only those clones that display interesting expression patterns. Here we describe the creation, testing and preliminary use of anonymous cDNA microarrays to study changes in floral transcriptome associated with allopolyploid speciation in the genus Senecio. We report a comparison of gene expression between the allohexaploid hybrid, Senecio cambrensis , its parental taxa Senecio squalidus (diploid) and Senecio vulgaris (tetraploid), and the intermediate triploid (sterile) hybrid Senecio × baxteri . Anonymous microarray analysis revealed dramatic differences in floral gene expression between these four taxa and demonstrates the power of this technique for studies of the genetic impact of hybridization in nonmodel flowering plants.

The L locus, one of complementary genes required for anthocyanin production in onions (Allium cepa), encodes anthocyanidin synthase - Sunggil Kim; Rick Jones; Kil-Sun Yoo; Leonard M. Pike (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2005)

Protective Status, Ecology and Strategies for Improving Conservation of Cercocebus sanjei in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania - Carolyn L. Ehardt; Trevor P. Jones; Thomas M. Butynski (International Journal of Primatology, 2005)

Forest Service Large Fire Area Burned and Suppression Expenditure Trends, 1970–2002 - David E. Calkin; Krista M. Gebert; J. Greg Jones; Ronald P. Neilson (Journal of Forestry, 2005)

Natural reward-related learning in rats with neonatal ventral hippocampal lesions and prior cocaine exposure - R. Andrew Chambers; Rachel M. Jones; Scott Brown; Jane R. Taylor (Psychopharmacology, 2005)

Reproductive cues in Panulirus ornatus - N.G. Sachlikidis; C. M. Jones; J. E. Seymour (New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2005)
Two experiments were performed to assess the effect of photoperiod and temperature on spawning of Panulirus ornatus. In experiment 1, sexually mature lobsters taken from the wild during summer were held at one of two photoperiods, winter (13 Light: 11 Dark) and summer (14.5 Light:9.5 Dark). Additionally, lobsters were also exposed to either summer (29°C) or winter (24°C) average water temperatures. Spawning was significantly greater when animals were exposed to summer photoperiod than to winter photoperiod, irrespective of temperature. Although a higher percentage of lobsters spawned when placed under a higher temperature, this trend was not statistically significant. In experiment 2, sexually mature lobsters were taken from the wild during winter and exposed to the same two photoperiods as in experiment 1, at a summer equivalent temperature of 29°C. Breeding started earlier and was more successful at the summer photoperiod. Time to first breeding was 17 weeks after exposure to summer photoperiod, compared with less than 1 week in experiment 1, and did not occur until individuals had moulted. Moulting occurred in 81% of lobsters, primarily after an increase in temperature to 29°C. The time between moulting and mating was varied and there was no significant difference in moult frequency between the two experimental photoperiods. After the lobsters had moulted, breeding success was reached earlier if photoperiod was lengthened. Results suggest photoperiod is the primary cue for the onset of gonad maturity and mating activity, with temperature playing a less important role. Physiological rest and possibly a moult may be required between breeding seasons before spawning can occur. Furthermore, temperature may be an important cue for pre‐reproduction moulting.

Multiple paternity in a natural population of a salamander with long‐term sperm storage - ERIKA M. ADAMS; ADAM G. JONES; STEVAN J. ARNOLD (Molecular Ecology, 2005)
Sperm competition appears to be an important aspect of any mating system in which individual female organisms mate with multiple males and store sperm. Postcopulatory sexual selection may be particularly important in species that store sperm throughout long breeding seasons, because the lengthy storage period may permit extensive interactions among rival sperm. Few studies have addressed the potential for sperm competition in species exhibiting prolonged sperm storage. We used microsatellite markers to examine offspring paternity in field‐collected clutches of the Ocoee salamander ( Desmognathus ocoee ), a species in which female organisms store sperm for up to 9 months prior to fertilization. We found that 96% of clutches were sired by multiple males, but that the majority of females used sperm from only two or three males to fertilize their eggs. The high rate of multiple mating by females suggests that sperm competition is an important aspect of this mating system. Comparison of our data with those of other parentage studies in salamanders and newts reveals that multiple mating may be common in urodele amphibians. Nevertheless, the number of males siring offspring per clutch in D. ocoee did not differ appreciably from that in other species of urodeles with shorter storage periods.

Predicting the Impact of Sea‐Level Rise on Caribbean Sea Turtle Nesting Habitat - MARIANNE R. FISH; ISABELLE M. CÔTÉ; JENNIFER A. GILL; ANDREW P. JONES; SASKIA RENSHOFF; ANDREW R. WATKINSON (Conservation Biology, 2005)
The projected rise in sea level is likely to increase the vulnerability of coastal zones in the Caribbean, which are already under pressure from a combination of anthropogenic activities and natural processes. One of the major effects will be a loss of beach habitat, which provides nesting sites for endangered sea turtles. To assess the potential impacts of sea‐level rise on sea turtle nesting habitat, we used beach profile measurements of turtle nesting beaches on Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles, to develop elevation models of individual beaches in a geographic information system. These models were then used to quantify areas of beach vulnerable to three different scenarios of a rise in sea level. Physical characteristics of the beaches were also recorded and related to beach vulnerability, flooding, and nesting frequency. Beaches varied in physical characteristics and therefore in their vulnerability to flooding. Up to 32% of the total current beach area could be lost with a 0.5‐m rise in sea level, with lower, narrower beaches being the most vulnerable. Vulnerability varied with land use adjacent to the beach. These predictions about loss of nesting habitat have important implications for turtle populations in the region.

Antarctic climate change during the last 50 years - John Turner; Steve R. Colwell; Gareth J. Marshall; Tom A. Lachlan-Cope; Andrew M. Carleton; Phil D. Jones; Victor Lagun; Phil A. Reid; Svetlana Iagovkina (International Journal of Climatology, 2005)

Erratum to: Functionally associated molecular genetic marker map construction in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) - M. J. Faville; A. C. Vecchies; M. Schreiber; M. C. Drayton; L. J. Hughes; E. S. Jones; K. M. Guthridge; K. F. Smith; T. Sawbridge; G. C. Spangenberg; G. T. Bryan; J. W. Forster (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2005)

Parasitic isopods ( Gnathia sp.) reduce haematocrit in captive blackeye thicklip (Labridae) on the Great Barrier Reef - C. M. Jones; A. S. Grutter (Journal of Fish Biology, 2005)
Captive Hemigymnus melapterus exposed to large numbers of cultured juvenile parasitic isopods ( Gnathia sp.) had significantly lower haematocrit (median 27·62% ± 5·83% inter‐quartile range) than uninfected, control fish (median 32·73% ± 4·90%). This study is the first to show that juvenile Gnathia sp. reduce total blood volume in H. melapterus . The low haematocrit in infected fish was most likely due to plasma replacing erythrocytes lost as a result of isopods feeding on fish blood.

Normal CFTR Activity and Reversed Skin Potentials in Pseudohypoaldosteronism - M.M. Reddy; X.F. Wang; M. Gottschalk; K. Jones; P.M. Quinton (The Journal of Membrane Biology, 2005)

Impacts of biological control and invasive species on a non-target native Hawaiian insect - M. Tracy Johnson; Peter A. Follett; Andrew D. Taylor; Vincent P. Jones (Oecologia, 2005)

Influence of Targets and Assessment Region Size on Perceived Conservation Priorities - David D. Diamond; C. Diane True; Taisia M. Gordon; Scott P. Sowa; Walter E. Foster; K. Bruce Jones (Environmental Management, 2005)

QTL analysis and comparative genomics of herbage quality traits in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) - N. O. I. Cogan; K. F. Smith; T. Yamada; M. G. Francki; A. C. Vecchies; E. S. Jones; G. C. Spangenberg; J. W. Forster (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2005)

Climate factors influencing bacterial count in background air samples - Roy M. Harrison; Alan M. Jones; Peter D. E. Biggins; Nigel Pomeroy; Christopher S. Cox; Stephen P. Kidd; Jon L. Hobman; Nigel L. Brown; Alan Beswick (International Journal of Biometeorology, 2005)

A preliminary examination of the diet and feeding of sea sweep Scorpis aequipinnis (Pisces: Scorpididae) from coastal waters of south-western Victoria, Australia - Dane M. Newman; Paul L. Jones; Laurie Jon Laurenson (Hydrobiologia, 2005)

Detection of linkage disequilibrium QTLs controlling low-temperature growth and metabolite accumulations in an admixed breeding population of Leymus wildryes - Z.-M. Hu; X.-L. Wu; S. R. Larson; R. R.-C. Wang; T. A. Jones; N. J. Chatterton; A. J. Palazzo (Euphytica, 2005)

First record of a phytoplasma-associated disease of chickpea ( Cicer arietinum ) in Australia - M. Saqib; K. L. Bayliss; B. Dell; G. E. St J. Hardy; M. G. K. Jones (Australasian Plant Pathology, 2005)

New Australian record for infection of trees in Paulownia plantations by root-knot nematodes - M. R. Perera; K. L. Bayliss; M. G. K. Jones (Australasian Plant Pathology, 2005)