Ocean circulation drives zonation of deep-water coral communities and their traits in the Northwest Atlantic - Maria Rakka; Anna Metaxas; Martha Nizinski; David Packer; Marlene Wall (Progress in Oceanography, 2025)

Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection methods for wild Cervidae - Joshua Hewitt; Grete Wilson-Henjum; Jeffrey C. Chandler; Aaron T. Phillips; Diego G. Diel; W. David Walter; Alec Baker; Jennifer Høy-Petersen; Guillaume Bastille-Rousseau; Tadao Kishimoto; George Wittemyer; Jeremy Alder; et al. (Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2025)

Climate projections indicate a loss and redistribution of the biodiversity of valuable plants in the Brazilian semiarid - Everton A. Maciel; Fabrina Bolzan Martins; José Maria Cardoso da Silva; David Montenegro Lapola; Roger Rodrigues Torres (Journal for Nature Conservation, 2025)

Blue carbon as a nature-based climate mitigation strategy for mangrove conservation in Bangladesh - Nathalie Hilmi; Gisele Arruda; David Broussard; Belen Maria Benitez; Laurène Sauron; Tali Lamaud; Nipa Jahan; Jason M. Hall Spencer (Journal for Nature Conservation, 2025)

FTIR spectral signatures of Cretaceous-Paleogene sub-bituminous and bituminous coal: Insights into molecular structure evolution during coalification in the Eastern Cordillera Basin, Colombian Andes - Juan Sebastian Gomez-Neita; Ana Maria Pimentel Mizusaki; Taís Freitas da Silva; Sandra Rocio Manosalva-Sanchez; Jorge Eliecer Mariño-Martínez; David Enrique Vega Porras; Simone Patricia Aranha da Paz (International Journal of Coal Geology, 2025)

A Global Analysis of Cases of Mucormycosis Recorded in the European Confederation of Medical Mycology / International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ECMM / ISHAM) Zygomyco.net Registry from 2009 to 2022 - Anna Skiada; Maria Drogari-Apiranthitou; Emmanuel Roilides; Jagdish Chander; Sofya Khostelidi; Nikolai Klimko; Petr Hamal; Vanda Chrenkova; Souha S. Kanj; Saeed El Zein; Katrien Lagrou; Cornelia Lass-Flörl; et al. (Mycopathologia, 2025)

Deregulated mRNA and microRNA Expression Patterns in the Prefrontal Cortex of the BTBR Mouse Model of Autism - Catherine Mooney; Andrea Parlante; Giulia Canarutto; Andrea Grigoli; Maria Luisa Scattoni; Laura Ricceri; Eva Maria Jimenez-Mateos; Amaya Sanz-Rodriguez; Elena Clementi; Silvano Piazza; David C. Henshall; Giovanni Provenzano (Molecular Neurobiology, 2025)
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Since no single gene variant accounts for more than 1% of the cases, the converging actions of ASD-related genes and other factors, including microRNAs (miRNAs), may contribute to ASD pathogenesis. To date, few studies have simultaneously investigated the mRNA and miRNA profiles in an ASD-relevant model. The BTBR mouse strain displays a range of behaviors with ASD-like features but little is known about the protein-coding and noncoding gene expression landscape that may underlie the ASD-like phenotype. Here we performed parallel mRNA and miRNA profiling using the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of BTBR and C57BL/6 J (B6) mice. This identified 1063 differentially expressed genes and 48 differentially expressed miRNAs. Integration of mRNA and miRNA data identified a strong inverse relationship between upregulated (DEGs) and downregulated miRNAs, and vice versa. Pathway analysis, taking account of the inverse relationship between differentially expressed miRNAs and their target mRNAs highlighted significant shared enrichment in immune signaling, myelination, and neurodevelopmental processes. Notably, miRNA changes were predicted to affect synapse-related functions but we did not find enrichment of protein-coding genes linked to cellular components or biological processes related to synapses in the PFC of BTBR mice, indicating processes may evade miRNA control. In contrast, other miRNAs were predicted to have extensive relationships with DEGs suggesting their role as potential hub coordinators of gene expression. Profiling findings were confirmed via qRT-PCR for representative protein-coding transcripts and miRNAs. Our study underscores the complex interplay between gene expression and miRNA regulation within immune and inflammatory pathways in the BTBR model, offering insights into the neurodevelopmental mechanisms of ASD. These results support the value of the BTBR mouse model and identify strategies that could adjust molecular pathways for therapeutic applications in ASD research.

A Review of Abrupt Permafrost Thaw: Definitions, Usage, and a Proposed Conceptual Framework - Hailey Webb; Matthias Fuchs; Benjamin W. Abbott; Thomas A. Douglas; Clayton D. Elder; Jessica Gilman Ernakovich; Eugenie S. Euskirchen; Mathias Göckede; Guido Grosse; Gustaf Hugelius; Miriam C. Jones; Charles Koven; et al. (Current Climate Change Reports, 2025)
Purpose of Review We review how ‘abrupt thaw’ has been used in published studies, compare these definitions to abrupt processes in other Earth science disciplines, and provide a definitive framework for how abrupt thaw should be used in the context of permafrost science. Recent Findings We address several aspects of permafrost systems necessary for abrupt thaw to occur and propose a framework for classifying permafrost processes as abrupt thaw in the future. Based on a literature review and our collective expertise, we propose that abrupt thaw refers to thaw processes that lead to a substantial persistent environmental change within a few decades. Abrupt thaw typically occurs in ice-rich permafrost but may be initiated in ice-poor permafrost by external factors such as hydrologic change (i.e., increased streamflow, soil moisture fluctuations, altered groundwater recharge) or wildfire. Summary Permafrost thaw alters greenhouse gas emissions, soil and vegetation properties, and hydrologic flow, threatening infrastructure and the cultures and livelihoods of northern communities. The term ‘abrupt thaw’ has emerged in scientific discourse over the past two decades to differentiate processes that rapidly impact large depths of permafrost, such as thermokarst, from more gradual, top-down thaw processes that impact centimeters of near-surface permafrost over years to decades. However, there has been no formal definition for abrupt thaw and its use in the scientific literature has varied considerably. Our standardized definition of abrupt thaw offers a path forward to better understand drivers and patterns of abrupt thaw and its consequences for global greenhouse gas budgets, impacts to infrastructure and land-use, and Arctic policy- and decision-making.

Capture and Maintenance of Balistes capriscus for Aquaculture and Conservation - Douglas da Cruz Mattos; Leonardo Demier Cardoso; André Batista de Souza; Marcelo Fanttini Polese; Tiago Queiroz de Morais; Jones Santander-Neto; Paulo Henrique Rocha Aride; Adriano Teixeira de Oliveira; Maria Aparecida da Silva; Henrique David Lavander (Fishes, 2025)
The gray triggerfish Balistes capriscus has a wide geographical distribution and is used for commercial and recreational fishing worldwide. In this study, we aimed to provide technical knowledge for developing strategies for the sustainable production of gray triggerfish in aquaculture systems by characterizing the capture procedures for broodstock acquisition and developing a protocol for species maintenance in captivity. Broodstock maintenance data were collected over six months (April to September) each year, whereas breeder data were collected over three months each year (November to January). The number of shipments, capture, and survival of B. capriscus was 100%. The animals grew on average by 9.99 ± 0.11 cm over 9 months and increased their average weight by 1.658 ± 0.1 kg, representing a specific growth rate of 0.62% and an average daily weight gain of 6.14 g/day. The species were fed by alternating the supply of fresh food (minced fish, fish fillets, shrimp, squid, minced octopus and crab), divided into two times, 9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., and offered until the animals were satiated. Regarding the structures used to maintain the breeding stock, 15,000 L tanks are recommended to keep up to 30 breeding individuals.

Reproductive experience drives changes in behaviour and physiology in male California mice, Peromyscus californicus - Maria E. Colt; Priyanka Agarwal; David Kolb; Erica R. Glasper; Heidi S. Fisher (Animal Behaviour, 2025)

Eocene liverwort and moss species preserved in Anglesea amber from Australia - Maria Paulsen; Daniel Ohlsen; David J. Cantrill; Jeffrey D. Stilwell (Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2025)

The fruits of data shepherding: A collection of open FAIR datasets for titanium dioxide coated photocatalytic surfaces - Irini Furxhi; Massimo Perucca; Giovanni Baldi; Valentina Dami; Andrea Cioni; Antti Joonas Koivisto; Rossella Bengalli; Paride Mantecca; Giulia Motta; Marie Carriere; Ozge Kose; Alessia Nicosia; et al. (NanoImpact, 2025)

Validation of a novel method to quantify local axilla sweating, SweatSENSE - Andrew McGill; Emmett Cullen Tinley; Stephanie E. Edwards; Andrew Jamieson; Jane Ford; Evie Winterton; Jacob Shardey; Rachel A. Hand; Spyridon Efstathiou; Alan M. Wemyss; Maria Grypioti; Gavin Kirby; et al. (Journal of Thermal Biology, 2025)

Glucose tales: why do we still use glucose in the pig sperm media? - Maria Julia Bragado; Rebeca Serrano; Lauro González-Fernández; María Gracia Gervasi; Luis Jesús García-Marín; David Martin-Hidalgo (Animal Reproduction Science, 2025)

Wildlife response to land-use change forces encounters between zoonotic disease hosts and farms in agricultural landscapes - Kilian J. Murphy; Andrew W. Byrne; Nicola Marples; Maria J.H. O’Hagan; David J. Kelly; David Quinn; Phillip Breslin; Virginia Morera-Pujol; Renée M. Khouri; Damien Barrett; Guy McGrath; Simone Ciuti (Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2025)

An integrated archaeological and anthropological approach to investigating human sacrifice among Etruscans - Valentina Mariotti; Viola Tanganelli; Maria Pia Morigi; Matteo Bettuzzi; Lucia Pappalardo; Alessandra Modi; Valentina Zaro; Ella Reiter; Cosimo Posth; David Caramelli; Martina Lari; Serena Barone; et al. (Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2025)

Amazonian floodplain lakes’ carbon-based structure and interactions of plankton communities are constrained by hydrology - Luana Morais da Rosa; Luciana de Souza Cardoso; Luciane Oliveira Crossetti; Eliete Regina Bertazzo Canterle; David da Motta-Marques; Maria Tereza Morais Pereira Souza Lobo; Marie-Paule Bonnet; José Rafael Cavalcanti; Jeremie Garnier; Ina de Souza Nogueira; Lúcia Ribeiro Rodrigues (Aquatic Sciences, 2025)

Rapid Ocean Warming Drives Sexually Divergent Habitat Use in a Threatened Predatory Marine Ectotherm - Lucy R. Mead; Adam Piper; David Jiménez Alvarado; Eva Meyers; Joanna Barker; Hector Toledo‐Padilla; Edy Herraiz; Alberto F. Campoamor; Michael Sealey; Maria Belén Caro; Tomàs Bañeras; Charlotte Pike; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2025)
Climate change poses one of the greatest threats to marine ecosystems worldwide, altering physical, chemical, and biological processes at unprecedented rates. Severe impacts on marine species and habitats have been extensively documented, with shifts in phenology, spatial distribution, and migratory behaviour increasingly pervasive. However, there is a lack of species‐specific data examining responses and adaptation to rapid warming and environmental extremes, especially for marine ectotherms. In this study, we investigate the broad‐scale environmental drivers of distribution in a Critically Endangered ectothermic marine predator, the angelshark Squatina squatina , and report on a behavioural anomaly observed in 2022. Between 2018 and 2023, 112 adult S. squatina were tracked using acoustic telemetry in La Graciosa Marine Reserve in the Canary Islands. Relationships between seasonal presence of S. squatina and remotely sensed environmental parameters were examined with Boosted Regression Tree and Generalised Additive Modelling. Major sex differences were found, with female sharks strongly influenced by environmental conditions and particularly sensitive to temperature, with a possible upper thermal threshold close to 22.5°C. Peak sea surface temperature in the study area increased from 22.99°C to 23.81°C, and the number of days above 22.5°C nearly tripled. Absence of females during the 2022 breeding season coincided with widespread thermal anomalies across the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, with unusually high temperatures persisting later into the year. We conclude that this potentially disrupted seasonal thermal cues for S. squatina movement, leading to sexually divergent habitat use. Given the warming projected for this region, thermal thresholds may increasingly be exceeded, and key areas may become inhospitable for female S. squatina , which is of huge concern for this already highly threatened species. These findings highlight the urgency of identifying species‐specific environmental tolerances and incorporating these into conservation so that management remains ecologically relevant in a rapidly warming ocean.

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oil from Lippia thymoides MART. & SCHAUER (VERBENACEAE) - David Souza Silva; Pedro Modesto Nascimento Menezes; Jamilly Araújo Santos; Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida; Luciano Augusto de Almeida Ribeiro; Juliane Cabral Silva; Angélica Maria Lucchese; Raimundo Gonçalves de Oliveira Júnior; Fabrício Souza Silva (Natural Product Research, 2025)

Microplastics in rice-based farming systems and their connection to plastic waste management in the Chicoral district of Espinal-Tolima - Jorge Leonardo Muñoz Yustres; Lina María Zapata-Restrepo; Maria Carolina Garcia-Chaves; Luis David Gomez-Mendez (Chemosphere, 2025)

Chemical emissions from offshore wind farms: From identification to challenges in impact assessment and regulation - Elena Hengstmann; Pablo Zapata Corella; Katharina Alter; Maria J. Belzunce-Segarra; Andy M. Booth; Javier Castro-Jiménez; Niklas Czerner; Karien De Cauwer; Geneviève Deviller; Alessio Gomiero; Nils Goseberg; Simone Hasenbein; et al. (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2025)

A global assessment of microplastic abundance and characteristics on marine turtle nesting beaches - Zara L.R. Botterell; Jed Ardren; Elly Dove; Ellen McArthur; David S. Addison; Oyeronke M. Adegbile; Pierre Didier Agamboue; Andrews Agyekumhene; Phil Allman; Alexandra Alterman; Adren Anderson; Theresa Arenholz; et al. (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2025)

Conventional and alternative treatment of mastitis in dairy goats - Magna Coroa Lima; Richard Costa Polveiro; David Germano Gonçalves Schwarz; Ana Julia Silva Moreira; Isis de Freitas Espeschit Braga; Mariana de Barros; José Dantas Ribeiro Filho; Maria Aparecida Scatamburlo Moreira (Small Ruminant Research, 2025)

Environmental conditions controlling cold-water coral growth in the southern Alboran Sea since the last deglaciation - Mar Selvaggi; Maria de la Fuente; José N. Pérez-Asensio; Claudio Lo Iacono; Albert Català; Sergio Trias-Navarro; Guillem Corbera; Sara Campderrós; Negar Haghipour; Letizia Di Bella; David Van Rooij; Isabel Cacho (Global and Planetary Change, 2025)

In vitro gastrointestinal digestion and gut microbiota fermentation of phenolic compounds from uvaia - David de Paulo Farias; Fábio Fernandes de Araújo; Juliana Villasante; Vincenzo Fogliano; Glaucia Maria Pastore (Food Chemistry, 2025)

Qualitative and relative abundance analysis of Alternaria alternata metabolites in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars affected by Heart Rot using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS - Mario Riolo; Carlos Luz; Cristian Bua; Salvatore Barreca; Maria Catena Tambè; Jorge Calpe; Marco Masi; Alessio Cimmino; Gaetano Tirrò; Giuseppe Meca; David Ezra; Santa Olga Cacciola (Food Control, 2025)

Nature-related education and serious gaming to improve young citizens’ awareness about ecosystem services provided by urban trees - Maria Elena Menconi; Rosaria Abbate; Stefano Stocchi; David Grohmann (Ecosystem Services, 2025)

Continuous Flowering of Different Strata Enables Resource Stability in a Tropical Vereda Wetland - Raissa Tais dos Santos; Daniel Maximo Correa Alcantara; Gudryan Jackson Barônio; Suzana Neves Moreira; David Isac da Silva Romão; Camila Aoki; Maria Rosângela Sigrist; Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes; Camila Silveira Souza (Wetlands, 2025)

Genotype-dependent functional role of the anterior and posterior paraventricular thalamus in pavlovian conditioned approach - Valeria Tarmati; Andrea Sepe; Alessandra Accoto; David Conversi; Daniela Laricchiuta; Anna Panuccio; Sonia Canterini; Maria Teresa Fiorenza; Simona Cabib; Cristina Orsini (Psychopharmacology, 2025)

Publisher Correction: Investigation of blood–brain barrier penetration and pharmacokinetics of a new formulation of cyanide antidote dimethyl trisulfide - Lóránd Kiss; Fruzsina R. Walter; Gábor Katona; Ana Raquel Santa-Maria; Ashley C. Whiteman; Christian T. Rios; Kyler D. Kelley; Breanna Nelson; David E. Thompson; Ildikó Csóka; Piroska Szabó-Révész; Mária A. Deli; et al. (Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, 2025)

Investigation of blood–brain barrier penetration and pharmacokinetics of a new formulation of cyanide antidote dimethyl trisulfide - Lóránd Kiss; Fruzsina R. Walter; Gábor Katona; Ana Raquel Santa-Maria; Ashley C. Whiteman; Christian T. Rios; Kyler D. Kelley; Breanna Nelson; David E. Thompson; Ildikó Csóka; Piroska Szabó-Révész; Mária A. Deli; et al. (Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, 2025)
Objective During cyanide poisoning, the rescue of vital organs like the brain is urgent. However, due to the presence of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), the currently available cyanide antidotes cannot reach the brain. Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) is a potent cyanide antidote and has excellent BBB permeability. Nonetheless, its formulation and application are challenging due to its highly lipophilic profile. In this work, a novel DMTS formulation, called FF-DMTS, was investigated. Its effect on in vitro DMTS permeability through BBB models, cellular viability, and in vivo absorption were tested. Methods The particle size was measured in FF-DMTS formulation. The permeability of DMTS in this new formulation was tested in BBB-PAMPA and in primary triple co-culture models of BBB. The effect of FF-DMTS on cellular viability was determined. To test the membrane and barrier integrity transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and cell layer impedance measurements, immunofluorescent stainings and the fluorescein permeability technique were applied. The pharmacokinetics of DMTS were revealed in blood and brain tissue. Results The average size of micelles in FF-DMTS was 16 nm. The permeability of DMTS through BBB-PAMPA and cell culture model was 7.68 × 10 –6 and 23.81 × 10 –6 cm/s, respectively. The FF-DMTS disturbed the barrier integrity of brain endothelial cells without causing any alteration in cellular viability until 300 µg/ml DMTS concentration. After administration of 150 mg/kg DMTS to mice, its absorption into the blood was rapid (5 min) and the plasma concentration of DMTS reached 5.2 µg/ml. The DMTS was also detected in brain, where its peak concentration was 495 ng/g brain tissue after 10 min of intramuscular administration. Furthermore, even 2 h later, DMTS was detected in brain. Conclusions Here, we showed that the novel FF-DMTS formulation has good permeability through BBB and a remarkable pharmacokinetic profile. Therefore, further investigation of the efficacy of FF-DMTS for treating cyanide intoxication is important.

Prolonged 5-week and 12-week chronic stress differentially modulates CNS expression of pro- and anti-neuroinflammatory biomarkers, brain monoamines and affective behavior in adult zebrafish - Maria M. Kotova; Sahil V. Amikishiev; Kirill V. Apukhtin; David S. Galstyan; Murilo S. de Abreu; Adam Michael Stewart; Longen Yang; Allan V. Kalueff (Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 2025)

Global landscape of space weather observations, research and operations - Mamoru Ishii; Joaquim E.R. Costa; Maria Kuznetsova; Mario M. Bisi; Amalia Meza; Astrid M. Veronig; Clezio Marcos Denardini; Christina Plainaki; Sergio Dasso; Manuela Temmer; María Graciela Molina; Jens Berdermann; et al. (Advances in Space Research, 2025)

Single paternity in the kelp crab Taliepus dentatus despite polyandry - Luis Miguel Pardo; Karla Narvaez; Noemi Rojas-Hernández; Oscar Chaparro; Maria Jose Bruning; David Veliz (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2025)

Local recurrence of melanocytoma of the cervical spine - Eleanor M. Moncur; Selma Al-Ahmad; Maria Thom; Claudia L. Craven; David Choi (Acta Neurologica Belgica, 2025)

Bird–window collisions: A comprehensive dataset for the Neotropical region - Augusto João Piratelli; Bianca Costa Ribeiro; Wesley Dáttilo; Luis‐Bernardo Vázquez; Anelisa Ferreira de Almeida Magalhães; Edna Maria Gomes Cavalcante; Eric Silva; Giovanna Viana Cruz; Gisele Regina Ruy; Juliana Laurito Summa; Júlia Milan; Leila Pedrosa; et al. (Ecology, 2025)
Our primary objective was to compile a comprehensive dataset on bird–window collisions throughout the Neotropical region, including both published and unpublished sources. On May 12, 2020, we extensively disseminated invitations to provide data via email and social media platforms. By providing a template worksheet, we required standardized information from collaborators to complete and register their data. To better understand how these data were acquired (e.g., incidental observations and systematic procedures), we sent out a survey to all collaborators. We established rigorous validation criteria for data inclusion and conducted thorough curation procedures to ensure accuracy. After the filtering process, we compiled a total of 4103 bird–window collision reports. These came from 11 Neotropical countries, dating from 1946 to 2020, and revealing distinct regional patterns and potential seasonal patterns. The five most frequent orders were Passeriformes (2451), Columbiformes (520), Apodiformes (377), Psittaciformes (202), and Piciformes (186). Data on bird–window collisions were collected through a local specific systematic protocol (1419), by chance (1252), by government agencies (742), and by other approaches (632), while a few reports were collected by unknown procedures (58). The volume of records across months in our dataset suggests that there may be temporal patterns, with peaks: the first one in March–April and the second one in October–November, which seem to align with the major migration and reproduction seasons. This dataset represents the first comprehensive effort in the Neotropical region focused on bird–window collision data, providing valuable insights for further scientific advancements and conservation policies. The data are free from copyright or proprietary restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications or scientific presentations.

Panta Rhei: a decade of progress in research on change in hydrology and society - Heidi Kreibich; Murugesu Sivapalan; Amir AghaKouchak; Nans Addor; Hafzullah Aksoy; Berit Arheimer; Karsten Arnbjerg-Nielsen; Cynthia Vail-Castro; Christophe Cudennec; Mariana Madruga de Brito; Giuliano Di Baldassarre; David C. Finger; et al. (Hydrological Sciences Journal, 2025)

Integrated Approach to Ship Electrification Using Fuel Cells and an Ammonia Decomposition System - Onur Yuksel; Eduardo Blanco-Davis; David Hitchmough; G Viknash Shagar; Andrew Spiteri; Maria Carmela Di Piazza; Marcello Pucci; Nikolaos Tsoulakos; Milad Armin; Jin Wang (Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2025)
This study investigates the environmental and economic performance of integrating a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, battery systems, and an organic Rankine cycle-based waste heat recovery system for ship electrification. The analysis examines an onboard ammonia decomposition system for hydrogen production and ammonia production pathways. Additionally, the study benchmarks the effectiveness of onboard ammonia decomposition against green hydrogen bunkering scenarios (H2-BS). The analysis is based on data collected over two years from a bulk carrier provided by Laskaridis Shipping Co., Ltd. The environmental analysis includes well-to-wake emissions calculations. At the same time, economic performance is assessed through levelised cost of energy (LCOE) computations for 2025 and 2040, factoring in different fuel and carbon price scenarios. Consequently, the analysis utilises the Complex Proportional Assessment method to compare configurations featuring various ammonia production pathways across economic cases. The results indicate that green and pink ammonia feedstocks achieve maximum equivalent carbon dioxide reductions in the electrification plant of up to 47.28% and 48.47%, respectively, compared to H2-BS and 95.56% and 95.66% compared to the base scenario. Ammonia decomposition systems prove more economically viable than H2-BS due to lower storage and fuel costs, leading to competitive LCOE values that improve under higher carbon pricing scenarios.

The underestimated local effects of Micrurus corallinus venom revealed by gene expression and histopathological alterations - Maria Andrea Camarano Eula; Juan David Bayona-Serrano; Milton Yutaka Nishiyama-Jr; Carla Cristina Squaiella-Baptistão; Marcelo Larami Santoro; Inácio de Loiola Meirelles Junqueira-de-Azevedo (Toxicon, 2025)

Corrigendum to “Polyphasic approach to the selection of Esteya isolates for the control of the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus” [Fungal Biol 128 (8) (2024) 2242–2249] - David Pires; Cláudia S.L. Vicente; Manuel Mota; Maria L. Inácio (Fungal Biology, 2025)

Multivariate functional data analysis and machine learning methods for anomaly detection in water quality sensor data - Xurxo Rigueira; David Olivieri; Maria Araujo; Angeles Saavedra; Maria Pazo (Environmental Modelling & Software, 2025)

Probing interfacial interactions: Ionic liquids and cellulose thin films - Lukas Pachernegg-Mair; Jana B. Schaubeder; Carina Waldner; Anna Mayrhofer; Markus Damm; Roland Kalb; Anna Maria Coclite; Ali Khodayari; David Seveno; Ulrich Hirn; Stefan Spirk (Carbohydrate Polymers, 2025)

Quantifying taxon-specific habitat connectivity requirements of urban wildlife using structured expert judgement - Stephanie K. Courtney Jones; Luke S. O'Loughlin; Danswell Starrs; Jacinta E. Humphrey; Stephanie A. Pulsford; Hugh Allan; Matt Beitzel; Kym Birgen; Suzi Bond; Jenny Bounds; Deborah Bower; Renee Brawata; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2025)

Antiretroviral drug exposure in pregnancy and risk of congenital anomalies: a European case/non-case malformed study - Laura Saint-Lary; Anna-Belle Beau; Agnès Sommet; Valériane Leroy; Maria Loane; Clara Cavero-Carbonell; Ester Garne; Jonathan Hoareau; Anna Latos Bielenska; Isabelle Monier; Vera Nelen; Amanda J. Neville; et al. (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2025)
Purpose Antiretroviral drugs are recommended during pregnancy to achieve HIV viral suppression and reduce mother-to-child transmission. Congenital anomaly signals were reported after fetal exposure to antiretroviral drugs in several studies warranting further investigation. We aimed to evaluate the risk of congenital anomalies after fetal exposure to antiretroviral drugs using the European congenital anomaly registry data. Methods A case/non-case study was performed, using the EUROmediCAT central database. All the congenital anomalies, exposed to any antiretroviral drugs, were included from 1995 to 2019. We explored each signal identified from the literature for associations between congenital anomalies and specific antiretroviral exposures. We compared antiretroviral exposure between the signal anomalies (cases) and all other malformed registrations (controls). Reporting odds ratio (ROR) and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated and adjusted for registry and maternal age. Results Between 1995 and 2019, 173 cases of congenital anomalies were observed after any exposure to antiretroviral drugs. The signal previously identified in the literature between congenital heart defects and exposure to zidovudine was confirmed in the main analysis (aROR 3.66 [1.63–8.23]). Other signals identified in the literature were not confirmed, although two cases of hypospadias and two cases of limb defects were reported after zidovudine and atazanavir exposure, respectively. The signal detection analysis did not reveal any new signal after applying the Bonferroni correction. Conclusions Our study does not reveal new signals but confirms the previously identified signal between congenital heart defects and fetal exposure to zidovudine. The physio-pathological hypothesis induced by zidovudine exposure should be explored in future studies.

Multi-loaded PLGA microspheres as neuroretinal therapy in a chronic glaucoma animal model - Alba Aragón-Navas; Maria Jesus Rodrigo; Inés Munuera; David García-Herranz; Manuel Subías; Pilar Villacampa; Julián García-Feijoo; Luis Pablo; Elena Garcia-Martin; Rocio Herrero-Vanrell; Irene Bravo-Osuna (Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 2025)
This work focused on the co-encapsulation and simultaneous co-delivery of three different neuroprotective drugs in PLGA (poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres for the treatment of glaucoma. For formulation optimization, dexamethasone (anti-inflammatory) and ursodeoxycholic acid (anti-apoptotic) were co-loaded by the solid-in-oil-in-water emulsion solvent extraction-evaporation technique as a first step. The incorporation of a water-soluble co-solvent (ethanol) and different amounts of dexamethasone resulted critical for the encapsulation of the neuroprotective agents and their initial release. The optimized formulation was obtained with 60 mg of dexamethasone and using an 80:20 dichloromethane:ethanol ratio. In the second step in the microencapsulation process, the incorporation of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was performed. The final prototype showed encapsulation efficiencies for each component above 50% with suitable properties for long-term application for at least 3 months. Physicochemical studies were performed by SEM, TEM, DSC, XRD, and gas chromatography. The evaluation of the kinetic release by the Gallagher-Corrigan analysis with Gorrasi correction helped to understand the influence of the co-microencapsulation on the delivery of the different actives from the optimized formulation. The final prototype was tested in a chronic glaucoma animal model. Rats received two intravitreal injections of the neuroprotective treatment within a 24-week follow-up study. The proposed formulation improved retinal ganglion cell (RGC) functionality examined by electroretinography. Also, it was able to maintain a neuroretinal thickness similar to that of healthy animals scanned by in vivo optical coherence tomography, and a higher RGC count on histology compared to glaucomatous animals at the end of the study. Graphical Abstract

Natural Disturbances and Connectivity Drive Seasonal Taxonomic and Trait Patterns of Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Communities Across Europe - Loïc Chalmandrier; David Cunillera‐Montcusí; Naiara López‐Rojo; Miguel Cañedo‐Argüelles; Zoltán Csabai; Maria Soria; Arnaud Foulquier; Franck Jabot; Marko Miliša; Heikki Mykrä; Petr Pařil; Bálint Pernecker; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Aim Understanding the joint influence of natural disturbance regime, connectivity and biogeography on the seasonal variation of community structure. Location Drying river networks (DRN) in Europe. Time Period Present. Major Taxa Studied Aquatic macroinvertebrates. Methods We analyse the taxonomic and trait structure of 638 macroinvertebrate communities sampled across 125 reaches with perennial and intermittent streamflow, surveyed in six DRNs across Europe, up to six times over 1 year. Results Richness and trait diversity of macroinvertebrate communities decreased with increasing drying frequency, but increased with spatio‐temporal connectivity in reaches with long drying events. Communities experiencing frequent drying events had higher relative abundance of taxa with a long lifecycle and drying resistance traits. Communities experiencing long drying events compensated by high spatio‐temporal connectivity, and had more taxa with high fecundity and high dispersal ability. Taxa richness peaked in summer but that pattern was more prominent when drying frequency was high. Trait diversity decreased throughout the year, showing increasing abiotic stress as the year progressed. Communities changed from communities of mobile, fecund, short‐lived taxa in spring and autumn to communities of long‐lived taxa in summer. However, when drying frequency increased, autumn communities shifted towards communities of long‐lived taxa. Macroinvertebrate community trait structure changed across Europe. It opposed communities from Mediterranean and/or upland DRNs (with more fecund and mobile taxa) to lowland DRNs (with more long‐lived taxa). Main Conclusions Frequency and duration of drying events and spatio‐temporal connectivity drive divergent macroinvertebrate community structures, suggesting the presence of an ecological threshold that explains the variability of disturbed ecosystems across broad spatial scales. These factors also influence seasonal variations, with macroinvertebrate communities shaped by distinct trait‐filtering processes throughout the year based on drying frequency. Ultimately, spatio‐temporal connectivity plays a crucial role in sustaining species richness and trait diversity in reaches experiencing intense drying.

BioTIME 2.0: Expanding and Improving a Database of Biodiversity Time Series - Maria Dornelas; Laura H. Antão; Amanda E. Bates; Viviana Brambilla; Jonathan M. Chase; Cher F. Y. Chow; Ada Fontrodona‐Eslava; Anne E. Magurran; Inês S. Martins; Faye Moyes; Alban Sagouis; Samuel Adu‐Acheampong; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Motivation Here, we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R package (BioTIMEr) to facilitate use of the database. Main Types of Variables Included The database is composed of one main data table containing the abundance records and 11 metadata tables. The data are organised in a hierarchy of scales where 11,989,233 records are nested in 1,603,067 sample events, from 553,253 sampling locations, which are nested in 708 studies. A study is defined as a sampling methodology applied to an assemblage for a minimum of 2 years. Spatial Location and Grain Sampling locations in BioTIME are distributed across the planet, including marine, terrestrial and freshwater realms. Spatial grain size and extent vary across studies depending on sampling methodology. We recommend gridding of sampling locations into areas of consistent size. Time Period and Grain The earliest time series in BioTIME start in 1874, and the most recent records are from 2023. Temporal grain and duration vary across studies. We recommend doing sample‐level rarefaction to ensure consistent sampling effort through time before calculating any diversity metric. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement The database includes any eukaryotic taxa, with a combined total of 56,400 taxa. Software Format csv and. SQL.

Worldwide Soundscapes: A Synthesis of Passive Acoustic Monitoring Across Realms - Kevin F. A. Darras; Rodney A. Rountree; Steven L. Van Wilgenburg; Anna F. Cord; Frederik Pitz; Youfang Chen; Lijun Dong; Agnès Rocquencourt; Camille Desjonquères; Patrick Mauritz Diaz; Tzu‐Hao Lin; Théophile Turco; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Aim The urgency for remote, reliable and scalable biodiversity monitoring amidst mounting human pressures on ecosystems has sparked worldwide interest in Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM), which can track life underwater and on land. However, we lack a unified methodology to report this sampling effort and a comprehensive overview of PAM coverage to gauge its potential as a global research and monitoring tool. To address this gap, we created the Worldwide Soundscapes project, a collaborative network and growing database comprising metadata from 416 datasets across all realms (terrestrial, marine, freshwater and subterranean). Location Worldwide, 12,343 sites, all ecosystem types. Time Period 1991 to present. Major Taxa Studied All soniferous taxa. Methods We synthesise sampling coverage across spatial, temporal and ecological scales using metadata describing sampling locations, deployment schedules, focal taxa and audio recording parameters. We explore global trends in biological, anthropogenic and geophysical sounds based on 168 selected recordings from 12 ecosystems across all realms. Results Terrestrial sampling is spatially denser (46 sites per million square kilometre—Mkm 2 ) than aquatic sampling (0.3 and 1.8 sites/Mkm 2 in oceans and fresh water) with only two subterranean datasets. Although diel and lunar cycles are well sampled across realms, only marine datasets (55%) comprehensively sample all seasons. Across the 12 ecosystems selected for exploring global acoustic trends, biological sounds showed contrasting diel patterns across ecosystems, declined with distance from the Equator, and were negatively correlated with anthropogenic sounds. Main Conclusions PAM can inform macroecological studies as well as global conservation and phenology syntheses, but representation can be improved by expanding terrestrial taxonomic scope, sampling coverage in the high seas and subterranean ecosystems, and spatio‐temporal replication in freshwater habitats. Overall, this worldwide PAM network holds promise to support cross‐realm biodiversity research and monitoring efforts.

Increase of tropical seabirds (Sula) in the California Current Ecosystem with warmer ocean conditions - Tamara M. Russell; David M. Pereksta; James R. Tietz; Maria Vernet; Jaime Jahncke; Lisa T. Ballance (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2025)
Climate change is impacting marine ecosystems through physical changes (e.g., increased marine heatwaves, long-term warming) that can manifest biologically at all trophic levels. In the California Current Ecosystem (CCE), a productive and economically important eastern boundary upwelling system, the effects of these physical changes are observed throughout the region from Mexico to Canada. We investigated range expansions into the CCE and correlations with the environment for a group of tropical/sub-tropical seabirds, widely recognized as ecosystem indicators. We assessed changes in the abundance (2002-2022) of five species from the genus Sula (Cocos, Blue-footed, Red-footed, Masked, and Nazca Boobies), using a novel compilation of four data sources and investigated potential relationships with the environment. All five species increased in abundance within the CCE by 692-3015% after the extreme marine heatwaves that began in late 2013, and all species, with the exception of Blue-footed, exhibited a northward range expansion by as much as 6.8 degrees latitude and increased range area of 235-1013%. Furthermore, the increased presence of all species except Masked and Nazca Boobies correlated with warmer conditions around Baja California, Mexico, one month prior to their occurrence northward. Our results document the increase of these large bodied, tropical species and a tropical shift in the predator community of the CCE, which mirrors changes that occurred there during the last extreme global warming period on Earth, the Miocene. As marine heatwaves are projected to increase in frequency and intensity, in addition to long-term warming, we hypothesize that these species will continue to expand their range northward and increase in abundance in this upwelling ecosystem.

Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learning - Marthe Mieling; Mushfa Yousuf; Nico Bunzeck; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; Susan Landau; Monica Rivera-Mindt; Leslie M. Shaw; Edward B. Lee; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD dementia patients. Features included structural MRI, CSF status, demographics, and genetic data. Analyses comprised one cross-sectional multi-class classification (CN vs. MCI vs. AD dementia, n = 568) and two longitudinal binary-class classifications (CN-to-MCI converters vs. CN stable, n = 92; MCI-to-AD converters vs. MCI stable, n = 378). All classifications achieved 70–77% accuracy and 61–83% precision. Key features were CSF status, hippocampal volume, entorhinal thickness, and amygdala volume, with a clear dissociation: hippocampal properties contributed to the conversion to MCI, while the entorhinal cortex characterized the conversion to AD dementia. The findings highlight explainable, trajectory-specific insights into AD progression.

Alarm cue properties and euthanasia impact on tadpole antipredator behaviour in Rana temporaria and Bufo bufo - Konrad Lipkowski; Diana Abondano Almeida; David Wenzel; Lisa Maria Schulte (Animal Behaviour, 2025)

Temperature effects on development and lifelong behavior in zebrafish - Augusto Monteiro de Souza; Francisco Carlos da Silva Junior; Éntony David Dantas; Maria Clara Galvão-Pereira; Silvia Regina Batistuzzo de Medeiros; Ana Carolina Luchiari (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

A reassessment of the type-materials of Ostracoda (Crustacea, Oligostraca) lost in the “Museu Nacional” Great Fire of September 2, 2018 - Lucas Silveira Antonietto; David Ian Machado Alves; Cláudio Magalhães Almeida; Dermeval Aparecido do Carmo; Vera Maria Medina da Fonseca (Revue de Micropaléontologie, 2025)

Development and characterization of pectin films containing nanoemulsions of the essential oil from Thymus vulgaris for preserving salami - Cassia Duarte Oliveira; Maria das Graças Cardoso; Luciano de Souza; Sofia Lara Silva Vieira; Geraldo de Sousa Candido; Bruna Fernandes Andrade; Eduardo Alves; David Lee Nelson; Juliano Elvis de Oliveira; Eduardo Mendes Ramos (Food Chemistry, 2025)

Improvement of the physical-chemical, microbiological, volatiles and sensory quality of strawberries covered with chitosan/gelatin/pomegranate peel extract-based coatings - Mirella Romanelli Vicente Bertolo; Josemar Gonçalves de Oliveira Filho; Giovana Contarelli Lamonica; Carmen Cris de Oliveira Nobre Bezerra; Virginia da Conceição Amaro Martins; Marcos David Ferreira; Ana Maria de Guzzi Plepis; Stanislau Bogusz Junior (Food Chemistry, 2025)

Platelet Analysis in the Thrombus Plus Serum BNP for Detecting Clot-Related Atrial Fibrillation. Results From the ITACAT Multicentric Registry - Jorge Pagola; Jesus Juega; Laura Dorado; Maria Hernandez-Perez; Carlos Lazaro; Alvaro Garcia-Tornel; Marta Olive; Manuel Requena; Marta Rubiera; Marian Muchada; Noelia Rodriguez-Villatoro; David Rodriguez-Luna; et al. (Translational Stroke Research, 2025)

Toxicity of essential oils on Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr., 1775) in grains of Vigna unguiculata - Ozael David Valério da Silva; Paulo Roberto Ramalho Silva; Leticia Rodrigues da Silva; Rodrigo de Carvalho Brito; Kamilla de Andrade Dutra; Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Navarro; Douglas Rafael e Silva Barbosa; Solange Maria de França (Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 2025)

Voxel-wise insights into early Alzheimer’s disease pathology progression: the association with APOE and memory decline - Maha Wybitul; Nicolas Langer; Christoph Hock; Anton Gietl; Valerie Treyer; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald-Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; John Q. Trojanowski; Arthur W. Toga; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)
Longitudinal investigation of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype’s impact on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarker progression, focusing on amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation and gray matter (GM) atrophy, integrating cognitive decline and baseline levels. Longitudinal florbetapir-PET and T1-weighted MRI data from 100 cognitively normal (CN) and mild cognitive impaired (MCI) participants both with considerable global Aβ accumulation (“high Aβ accumulators”) were analyzed using a voxel-wise approach. Associations of APOE genotype and memory decline with Aβ accumulation and GM atrophy were examined separately for each neuroimaging modality, controlling for baseline Aβ levels and diagnosis. Alternatively, the effect of baseline diagnosis, while controlling for memory decline, was investigated. A multimodal analysis evaluated interactions between genotype, memory decline, and GM atrophy on Aβ accumulation. High Aβ accumulators displayed extensive Aβ pathology predominantly in the medial orbito-frontal cortex, cingulate cortex, and precuneus, along with GM atrophy in temporal, occipital, orbito-frontal, and parietal areas. ɛ4 carriers with memory decline exhibited greater Aβ accumulation and GM atrophy in selective regions compared to non-carriers with memory decline, while no genotype difference was observed in individuals without decline. No interaction effect was observed for MCI diagnosis. Regional associations between the two biomarkers were similarly dependent on genotype and memory decline. ɛ4 carriers exhibiting memory decline present an accelerated neurobiological pattern at predementia stages, supporting early ɛ4 carrier monitoring and interventions in this at-risk group. Importantly, memory decline might be more informative than MCI regarding AD pathology progression emphasizing the importance of repeated cognitive assessments.

Integrative taxonomy of two known dagger nematodes of the genus Xiphinema (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from the Amazon basin in South America, including the first report of X. brasiliense Lordello, 1951 from Colombia and Ecuador - Donald Riascos-Ortíz; David E. Álvarez-Sánchez; Pablo Llumiquinga; M. João Camacho; Maria L. Inácio; Carlos Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez (European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2025)
Three populations of dagger nematodes ( Xiphinema spp.), one recovered from a cassava field ( Manihot esculenta ) in northern Ecuador and two other from a maize field ( Zea mays ) in southern Colombia, were characterized through an integrative approach using morphological data and molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the D2–D3 expansion segments of the 28S and ITS1region of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the partial mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI mtDNA) sequences. Integrating morphological hypotheses with genetic data, the pseudomonodelphic population from Colombia was identified as X. krugi and the monodelphic populations from Colombia and Ecuador were identified as X. brasiliense . Bayesian inference (BI) trees for these three molecular markers allowed establishing phylogenetic relationships highlighting the importance of using phylogenetic data for accurate dagger nematode identification at the species level. To our knowledge, this is the first report of X. brasiliense from Ecuador and Colombia, and the first record of X. krugi in a southerly Colombian region, extending the geographical distribution of these species within South America. In this work, morphological information has been updated to distinguish among Xiphinema species within morphospecies Group 1 and 2. New molecular markers were generated and new knowledge on the genetic diversity, molecular evolution and the geographic distribution of monodelphic Xiphinema species is revealed. This research is one of the first systematic studies for Xiphinema detection in Colombia and Ecuador by an integrative taxonomy.

Urban greenery mapping using object-based classification and multi-sensor data fusion in Google Earth Engine - Marco Vizzari; Francesco Antonielli; Livia Bonciarelli; David Grohmann; Maria Elena Menconi (Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2025)

Methodology for estimating indirect emissions from Scope 3 and mitigation proposals applied in the neighborhood of Benicalap, Valencia (Spain) - Ana Maria Muñoz-Arango; Carlos Vargas-Salgado; David Alfonso-Solar; Sesil Koutra (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2025)

Incidental nanoparticle characterisation in industrial settings to support risk assessment modelling - Verónica Moreno-Martín; Maria López; David Bou; Sónia Fraga; João Paulo Teixeira; Ana López-Lilao; Vicenta Sanfélix; Eliseo Monfort; Mar Viana (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2025)

Prospecting the first Chilean Martian simulants from the Atacama Desert for ISRU and potential applications - José San Martin; Giovanni Leone; Karl Riveros-Jensen; Mohammad Ayaz Alam; Ricardo Cabrera; Diego San Martin; Rómulo Oses; Jenny M. Blamey; Cecilia Demergasso; Ximena C. Abrevaya; Nicolas Guiliani; Daniel T. Britt; et al. (Icarus, 2025)

Habitability for a connected, unequal and changing world - Harald Sterly; Marion Borderon; Patrick Sakdapolrak; Neil Adger; Ayansina Ayanlade; Alassane Bah; Julia Blocher; Suzy Blondin; Sidy Boly; Timothée Brochier; Loïc Brüning; Simon Bunchuay-Peth; et al. (Global Environmental Change, 2025)

Multiple mechanisms of action of a triazole-derived salt against Leishmania amazonensis: Apoptosis-like death and autophagy - Andrezza Rodrigues de Souza; Luciana Maria Ribeiro Antinarelli; Ari Sergio de Oliveira Lemos; Nicolas Glanzmann; Bruno Vicente; Victor do Valle Midlej; Adolfo Firmino da Silva Neto; Rachel Rocha Pinheiro Machado; Adilson David da Silva; Elaine Soares Coimbra (Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2025)

Enhanced spatial modeling on linear networks using Gaussian Whittle-Matérn fields - Somnath Chaudhuri; Maria A. Barceló; Pablo Juan; Diego Varga; David Bolin; Håvard Rue; Marc Saez (Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 2025)
Spatial statistics is traditionally based on stationary models on $${\mathbb{R}}^{d}$$ like Matérn fields. The adaptation of traditional spatial statistical methods, originally designed for stationary models in Euclidean spaces, to effectively model phenomena on linear networks such as stream systems and urban road networks is challenging. The current study aims to analyze the incidence of traffic accidents on road networks using three different methodologies and compare the model performance for each methodology. Initially, we analyzed the application of spatial triangulation precisely on road networks instead of traditional continuous regions. However, this approach posed challenges in areas with complex boundaries, leading to the emergence of artificial spatial dependencies. To address this, we applied an alternative computational method to construct nonstationary barrier models. Finally, we explored a recently proposed class of Gaussian processes on compact metric graphs, the Whittle-Matérn fields, defined by a fractional SPDE on the metric graph. The latter fields are a natural extension of Gaussian fields with Matérn covariance functions on Euclidean domains to non-Euclidean metric graph settings. A ten-year period (2010–2019) of daily traffic-accident records from Barcelona, Spain have been used to evaluate the three models referred above. While comparing model performance we observed that the Whittle-Matérn fields defined directly on the network outperformed the network triangulation and barrier models. Due to their flexibility, the Whittle-Matérn fields can be applied to a wide range of environmental problems on linear networks and more general metric graphs such as modeling of water contamination in stream networks or modeling air quality or accidents on urban road networks.

Mortality in a cohort of WTC-exposed law-enforcement officers compared to non-WTC law-enforcement officers - Ankura Singh; Malak Khalifeh; John Violanti; Rachel Zeig-Owens; Andrew C. Todd; Moshe Z. Shapiro; Madeline E. Carwile; Christopher R. Dasaro; Jiehui Li; Janette Yung; Mark R. Farfel; Robert M. Brackbill; et al. (International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 2025)
Purpose World Trade Center (WTC) rescue/recovery workers were exposed to materials hazardous to health. Previous studies found lower than expected mortality among WTC rescue/recovery workers when compared to general populations, possibly due to healthy worker effects, better healthcare access and/or incomparability of the groups. We compared mortality rates in WTC-exposed law enforcement officers (LEOs) with rates in LEOs employed by the Buffalo, NY, Police Department. We also compared both cohorts to the general population. Methods Follow-up began at the later of one year after enrollment date or 1/1/2005 and ended at the earlier of death date or 12/31/2018. Analyses were restricted to ages 40–79 years (N = 11,476 WTC LEOs, N = 1668 non-WTC LEOs). We estimated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) in each cohort using stratum-specific US mortality rates. Relative rates (RRs) and 95% CIs were estimated for the WTC vs. the Buffalo cohort using Poisson regression models adjusted for sex, race, age-group, and calendar-period. Results 185 deaths were observed in the WTC cohort and 186 in the Buffalo cohort. All-cause and cause-specific SMRs were significantly lower in the WTC cohort. Similarly, the adjusted all-cause mortality RR for the WTC vs. Buffalo cohorts was 0.30 (95% CI = 0.23–0.40). The cause-specific mortality RRs were all significantly < 1. Conclusion We found lower overall and cause-specific mortality rates in WTC LEOs compared with both the general population and Buffalo LEOs. These results suggest that factors other than healthy worker effects, such as access to healthcare via the WTC Health Program, contribute to lower mortality rates in WTC rescue/recovery workers.

Assessing the predicted impact of single amino acid substitutions in MAPK proteins for CAGI6 challenges - Paola Turina; Maria Petrosino; Carlos A. Enriquez Sandoval; Leonore Novak; Alessandra Pasquo; Emil Alexov; Muttaqi Ahmad Alladin; David B. Ascher; Giulia Babbi; Constantina Bakolitsa; Rita Casadio; Jianlin Cheng; et al. (Human Genetics, 2025)

Toxicity and bioconcentration of bisphenol A alternatives in the freshwater pulmonate snail Planorbella pilsbryi - Ève A. M. Gilroy; Karyn Robichaud; Maria Villella; Kara Chan; David W. G. McNabney; Carmen Venier; Victor Pham-Ho; Émilie C. Montreuil Strub; Shelby A. Ravary; Ryan S. Prosser; Stacey A. Robinson (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2025)
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical identified as a vertebrate endocrine disruptor. Numerous alternatives have been developed, for which toxicity data are lacking. The present study assessed the toxicity of BPA and its replacement products bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol AF (BPAF) in freshwater snail ( Planorbella pilsbryi ) embryos and adults. The chronic toxicity of BPA and BPAF was further characterized in 28-day tests with adult snails, followed by 21-day assessments of hatching and survival of embryos produced at the end of the test (F1 generation). In acute tests, BPAF was the most toxic of the substances tested (maximum acceptable toxicant concentration [MATC], 136 µg/L), followed by BPA (MATC, 1404 µg/L), BPF (MATC, 1525 µg/L), and BPS (MATC > 8590 µg/L). In the chronic test with BPA, although we observed no significant effects on adult snails up to 479 µg/L, the hatching and survival of juveniles from the F1 generation decreased (MATC, 13 µg/L), and was delayed by 7.5 days, on average. In contrast, we did not observe any decrease in hatching or survival of juveniles from the F1 generation during exposure to BPAF. Effects were observed at concentrations above most reported environmental exposure concentrations, although there was an overlap between exposure and effect concentrations. Given that concentrations of alternative substances are expected to increase, and in the absence of data on potential effects of mixtures, further research is needed.

How does the tidal cycle influence the estuarine dynamics of microplastics? - Ravena Santiago Alves; Victória Maria Carneiro dos Santos; Rebeca Amon Moreira; Gabriel Chrystian Lima de Alcantara; Emanuelle Ribeiro Lima; Bárbara Pereira Paiva; Carlos Eduardo Peres Teixeira; Vasco Stascxak Neto; Alejandro Pedro Ayala; David Chelazzi; Johnny Peter Macedo Feitosa; Marcelo Oliveira Soares; et al. (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2025)

Efficacy, non-target impacts, and costs of mechanical control options against a bioturbator in bivalve aquaculture - Jennifer L. Ruesink; C. Haleh Mawson; Brian Allen; Jeffrey Barrett; David Beugli; Steven Booth; Laura Butler; Bill Dewey; Cinde R. Donoghue; Brett R. Dumbauld; Kristine Feldman; Zachary Forster; et al. (Aquaculture, 2025)

Electronic cigarettes alter cardiac rhythm and heart rate variability hyperacutely in mice - Jocelyn A. Castellanos; Carson G. Cornett; David H. Gonzalez; Liqiao Li; Karla Luna; Holly R. Middlekauff; Rajat Gupta; Maria C. Jordan; Dennis Rünger; Yifang Zhu; Xuesi M. Shao; Kenneth P. Roos; et al. (Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2025)

Changes in soil mechanical and hydraulic properties through regenerative cultivation measures in long-term and farm experiments in Germany - Carolina Bilibio; Tobias Karl David Weber; Markus Hammer-Weis; Stephan Martin Junge; Simeon Leisch-Waskoenig; Janos Wack; Wiebke Niether; Andreas Gattinger; Maria Renate Finckh; Stephan Peth (Soil and Tillage Research, 2025)

Evaluation of blood markers of stress in beef cows during exposure to virtual fence stimuli - Juliana Ranches; Chad Boyd; Rory C. O'Connor; Matheus Ferreira; Aline Cristine Rezende dos Santos; Gracia Maria Puerto Hernandez; Dustin Johnson; David Bohnert (Rangelands, 2025)

Mental health, well-being and resilience in agricultural areas: A research agenda for the Global North - Caroline Nye; Rebecca Wheeler; David Rose; Florence Becot; Mark Holton; Duška Knežević Hočevar; Jorie Knook; Sarah Kyle; Maria Partalidou; Mark Riley; Artur Steiner; Hannah Whitley (Journal of Rural Studies, 2025)

An integrated participatory framework for WEFE nexus strategic planning: The Jordan Valley case study - Nikolaos P. Nikolaidis; Katerina Troullaki; Maria A. Lilli; Suleiman Halasah; David Lehrer; Stelios Rozakis; Shlomo Wald; Ashraf Al Ajrami; Shaddad Al-Attili; Shiri Zemah-Shamir; Anan Jayyousi; Iddo Kan; et al. (Journal of Environmental Management, 2025)

Distinct management units for the Critically Endangered angelshark (Squatina squatina) revealed in the Canary Islands - Eva K.M. Meyers; Nadia Faure; David Jiménez-Alvarado; Joanna Barker; Hector Toledo-Padilla; Fernando Tuya; Charlotte Pike; Lucy R. Mead; Michael J. Sealey; Maria Belén Caro; David M.P. Jacoby; Felipe Ravina Olivares; et al. (Conservation Genetics, 2025)
The angelshark, Squatina squatina , is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, and remaining populations are highly fragmented throughout its historical distribution. The Canary Islands archipelago in the North East Atlantic has been identified as a uniquely large stronghold for the species. In the present study, we compared the population genetic structure of S. squatina across different islands of the Canary Island archipelago using both microsatellite and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Both markers revealed significant differentiation of angelsharks between islands in the archipelago, with three main genetic units at: (1) Tenerife, (2) Gran Canaria and (3) the island group consisting of La Graciosa, Lanzarote and Fuerteventura. Our results imply a connectivity barrier between some adjacent islands, most likely driven by abyssal depths, and varying geological history and formation of each island and oceanographic patterns (i.e. seasonal coastal upwellings off the African coast). Therefore, we suggest that in the Canary Islands, S. squatina populations should be managed locally, with conservation and research priorities designed and implemented specifically for each of the three genetic units.

LandFrag : A Dataset to Investigate the Effects of Forest Loss and Fragmentation on Biodiversity - Thiago Gonçalves‐Souza; Maurício Humberto Vancine; Nathan J. Sanders; Nick M. Haddad; Lucas Cortinhas; Anne Lene T. O. Aase; Willian Moura de Aguiar; Marcelo Adrian Aizen; Víctor Arroyo‐Rodríguez; Arturo Baz; Maíra Benchimol; Enrico Bernard; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Motivation The accelerated and widespread conversion of once continuous ecosystems into fragmented landscapes has driven ecological research to understand the response of biodiversity to local (fragment size) and landscape (forest cover and fragmentation) changes. This information has important theoretical and applied implications, but is still far from complete. We compiled the most comprehensive and updated database to investigate how these local and landscape changes determine species composition, abundance and trait diversity of multiple taxonomic groups in forest fragments across the globe. Main Types of Variables Contained We gathered data for 1472 forest fragments, providing information on the abundance and composition of 9154 species belonging to vertebrates, invertebrates, and plants. For 2703 of these species, we obtained more than 20 functional traits. We provided the spatial location and size of each fragment and metrics of landscape composition and configuration. Spatial Location and Grain The dataset includes 1472 forest fragments sampled in 121 studies from all continents except Antarctica. Most datasets (77%) are from tropical regions, 17% are from temperate regions, and 6% are from subtropical regions. Species abundance and composition were collected at the plot or fragment scale, whereas the landscape metrics were extracted with buffer size ranging from a radius of 200–2000 m. Time Period and Grain Data on the abundance of species and community composition were collected between 1994 and 2022, and the landscape metrics were extracted from the same year that a given study collected the abundance and composition data. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement The studied organisms included invertebrates (Arachnida, Insecta and Gastropoda; 41% of the datasets), vertebrates (Amphibia, Squamata, Aves and Mammalia; 44%), and vascular plants (19%), and the lowest level of identification was species or morphospecies. Software Format The dataset and code can be downloaded on Zenodo or GitHub.

Global Marine Flyways Identified for Long‐Distance Migrating Seabirds From Tracking Data - Joanne M. Morten; Ana P. B. Carneiro; Martin Beal; Anne‐Sophie Bonnet‐Lebrun; Maria P. Dias; Marie‐Morgane Rouyer; Autumn‐Lynn Harrison; Jacob González‐Solís; Victoria R. Jones; Virginia A. Garcia Alonso; Michelle Antolos; Javier A. Arata; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Aim To identify the broad‐scale oceanic migration routes (‘marine flyways’) used by multiple pelagic, long‐distance migratory seabirds based on a global compilation of tracking data. Location Global. Time Period 1989–2023. Major Taxa Studied Seabirds (Families: Phaethontidae, Hydrobatidae, Diomedeidae, Procellariidae, Laridae and Stercorariidae). Methods We collated a comprehensive global tracking dataset that included the migratory routes of 48 pelagic and long‐distance migrating seabird species across the Atlantic, Indian, Pacific and Southern Oceans. We grouped individuals that followed similar routes, independent of species or timings of migration, using a dynamic time warping clustering approach. We visualised the routes of each cluster using a line density analysis and used knowledge of seabird spatial ecology to combine the clusters to identify the broad‐scale flyways followed by most pelagic migratory seabirds tracked to‐date at an ocean‐basin scale. Results Six marine flyways were identified across the world's oceans: the Atlantic Ocean Flyway, North Indian Ocean Flyway, East Indian Ocean Flyway, West Pacific Ocean Flyway, Pacific Ocean Flyway and Southern Ocean Flyway. Generally, the flyways were used bidirectionally, and individuals either followed sections of a flyway, a complete flyway, or their movements linked two or more flyways. Transhemispheric figure‐of‐eight routes in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, and a circumnavigation flyway in the Southern Ocean correspond with major wind ‐ driven ocean currents. Main Conclusions The marine flyways identified demonstrate that pelagic seabirds have similar and repeatable migration routes across ocean‐basin scales. Our study highlights the need to account for connectivity in seabird conservation and provides a framework for international cooperation.

Potential Spatial Mismatches Between Marine Predators and Their Prey in the Southern Hemisphere in Response to Climate Change - Maria Bas; Jazel Ouled‐Cheikh; Alba Fuster‐Alonso; Laura Julià; David March; Francisco Ramírez; Luis Cardona; Marta Coll (Global Change Biology, 2025)
Global change is rapidly reshaping species' habitat suitability ranges, hence leading to significant shifts in the distribution of marine life. Contrasting distributional responses among species can alter the spatial overlap between predators and prey, potentially disrupting trophic interactions and affecting food web dynamics. Here, we evaluate long‐term changes in the spatial overlap of habitat suitability ranges for trophically related species, including crustaceans, fish, penguins, and pinnipeds across 12 Large Marine Ecosystems from the Southern Hemisphere, merged into three primary regions: South America, Southern Africa, Australia and New Zealand. To this aim, we first use Boosted Regression Trees (BRTs) to hindcast and project species‐specific changes in suitable habitat from 1850 to 2100 under two future climate scenarios: SSP1‐2.6 (low climate forcing) and SSP5‐8.5 (high climate forcing). We then analyze changes in species habitat suitability and potential predator–prey spatial overlaps. Findings reveal that marine species generally exhibit changes in their suitable habitats, with pronounced shifts towards higher latitudes under the SSP5‐8.5 scenario. However, contrasting trends emerge among predators across functional groups and regions of South America, Southern Africa, Australia and New Zealand. These variations highlight the need for species and regional‐specific management responses. We also project contrasting spatial mismatches between predators and prey: predators experiencing declines in suitable habitat tend to exhibit greater overlap with their prey in future scenarios, whereas those with expanding suitable habitat show reduced spatial overlap with their prey. This study provides valuable insights that can inform spatial management strategies in response to climate change and illustrate how climate change may weaken species' ability to adapt to climate‐driven environmental changes due to trophic disruptions.

Dynamic proportional loss of functional connectivity revealed change of left superior frontal gyrus in subjective cognitive decline: an explanatory study based on Chinese and Western cohorts - Luyao Wang; Wenjing Hu; Fan Dong; Can Sheng; Jinglong Wu; Ying Han; Jiehui Jiang; Michael W. Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)

Promoting Workplace Health, Safety, and Well-Being Among Essential Agricultural Workers Through Vaccine-Preventable Infectious Diseases Training in the Rio Grande Valley - Anabel Rodriguez; David I Douphrate; Ana L Pineda Reyes; Susana Zavala; Andrea V. Cabrera Cruz; Maria D Alegria; Brian Ukaegbu; Annie J Keeney; Brenda Berumen-Flucker; Eva M Shipp; Shannon P Guillot-Wright; Maria E Fernandez-Esquer; et al. (Journal of Agromedicine, 2025)

Avenues towards reconciling wild and managed bee proponents - Alexis L. Beaurepaire; Katja Hogendoorn; David Kleijn; Gard W. Otis; Simon G. Potts; Theresa L. Singer; Samuel Boff; Christian Pirk; Josef Settele; Robert J. Paxton; Nigel E. Raine; Simone Tosi; et al. (Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2025)

Potential human exposure and risks of incidental nanoparticles released during rotary dry cutting of ceramic tiles - Verónica Moreno-Martín; Maria López; Cristian Roldan; David Bou; Sonia Fraga; João Paulo Teixeira; Ana López-Lilao; Vicenta Sanfélix; Raúl Moliner; Eliseo Monfort; Mar Viana (Journal of Aerosol Science, 2025)

Discovery of steroidal alkaloid metabolites and their accumulation in pigs after short-term tomato consumption - Maria J. Sholola; Mallory L. Goggans; Michael P. Dzakovich; David M. Francis; Sheila K. Jacobi; Jessica L. Cooperstone (Food Chemistry, 2025)

Detection of sugar syrup adulteration in UK honey using DNA barcoding - Sophie Dodd; Zoltan Kevei; Zahra Karimi; Bhavna Parmar; David Franklin; Anastasios Koidis; Maria Anastasiadi (Food Control, 2025)

Analysis of microplastic contamination and associated human health risks in Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus from Kubanni Reservoir, Zaria Nigeria - Maria Onma Onaji; David S. Abolude; Shuaibu Akpai Abdullahi; Lucas Del Bianco Faria; Mathias Ahii Chia (Environmental Pollution, 2025)

Electro-responsive hyaluronic acid-based click-hydrogels for wound healing - Víctor Castrejón-Comas; Nil Mataró; Leonor Resina; David Zanuy; Quim Nuñez-Aulina; Joel Sánchez-Morán; Hamidreza Enshaei; Marc Arnau; Helena Muñoz-Galán; Joshua C. Worch; Andrew P. Dove; Carlos Alemán; et al. (Carbohydrate Polymers, 2025)

Hotspot mapping of pest introductions in the EU: A regional analysis of environmental, anthropogenic and spatial effects - Maria Chiara Rosace; David V. Conesa; Antonio López-Quílez; Lorenzo Marini; Miguel A. Martinez-Beneito; Davide Nardi; Vittorio Rossi; Antonio Vicent; Martina Cendoya (Biological Invasions, 2025)

Species‐Specific Traits Shape Genetic Diversity During an Expansion–Contraction Cycle and Bias Demographic History Reconstruction - Ravi Vishwakarma; Gabriele Maria Sgarlata; David Soriano‐Paños; Rita Rasteiro; Tiago Maié; Tiago Paixão; Rémi Tournebize; Lounès Chikhi (Molecular Ecology, 2025)
Species ranges are dynamic, experiencing expansions, contractions or shifts in response to habitat changes driven by extrinsic factors such as climate change or human activities. While existing research examines the genetic consequences of spatial processes, few studies integrate species‐specific traits to analyse how habitat changes affect co‐existing species. In this study, we address this gap by investigating how genetic diversity patterns vary among species with different traits (such as generation length, population density and dispersal) experiencing similar habitat changes. Using spatial simulations and a simpler panmictic population model, we investigate the temporal genetic diversity in refugium populations undergoing range expansion of their habitat, followed by stationary and contraction periods. By varying habitat contraction speed and species traits, we identified three distinct temporal dynamics of genetic diversity during contraction: (i) a decrease in genetic diversity, (ii) an initial increase followed by a decrease and (iii) a continuous increase throughout the contraction period. We show that genetic diversity trajectories during population decline can be predicted by comparing sampled population diversity to equilibrium values expected under expanded and contracted habitat ranges. Our study also challenges the belief that high genetic diversity in a refugium population is due to a recent and rapid habitat loss. Instead, we found contrasting effects of contraction speed on genetic diversity depending on the interaction between species‐specific traits and the dynamics of habitat change. Finally, using simulated genetic data, we found that demographic histories inferred from effective population size estimates may vary across species, even when they experience similar habitat changes.

SNAPSHOT USA 2019–2023: The First Five Years of Data From a Coordinated Camera Trap Survey of the United States - Brigit Rooney; Roland Kays; Michael V. Cove; Alex Jensen; Benjamin R. Goldstein; Christopher Pate; Paula Castiblanco; Maggie E. Abell; Jessie Adley; Briana Agenbroad; Adam A. Ahlers; Peter D. Alexander; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2025)
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multicontributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of species interactions on daily activity patterns. Main Types of Variables Contained SNAPSHOT USA 2019–2023 contains 987,979 records of camera trap image sequence data and 9694 records of camera trap deployment metadata. Spatial Location and Grain Data were collected across the United States of America in all 50 states, 12 ecoregions and many ecosystems. Time Period and Grain Data were collected between 1st August and 29th December each year from 2019 to 2023. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement The dataset includes a wide range of taxa but is primarily focused on medium to large mammals. Software Format SNAPSHOT USA 2019–2023 comprises two .csv files. The original data can be found within the SNAPSHOT USA Initiative in the Wildlife Insights platform.

Land Use Change Consistently Reduces α‐ But Not β‐ and γ‐Diversity of Bees - Toby P. N. Tsang; A. A. Amado De Santis; Gabriela Armas‐Quiñonez; John S. Ascher; Eva Samanta Ávila‐Gómez; András Báldi; Kimberly M. Ballare; Mario V. Balzan; Weronika Banaszak‐Cibicka; Svenja Bänsch; Yves Basset; Adam J. Bates; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2025)
Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α‐diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e., γ‐diversity), either due to reduced β‐diversity amplifying diversity loss or increased β‐diversity dampening diversity loss. Additionally, studies often focus on taxonomic diversity, while other important biodiversity components, including phylogenetic diversity, can exhibit differential responses. Here, we evaluated how agricultural and urban land use alters the taxonomic and phylogenetic α‐, β‐, and γ‐diversity of an important pollinator taxon—bees. Using a multicontinental dataset of 3117 bee assemblages from 157 studies, we found that taxonomic α‐diversity was reduced by 16%–18% in both agricultural and urban habitats relative to natural habitats. Phylogenetic α‐diversity was decreased by 11%–12% in agricultural and urban habitats. Compared with natural habitats, taxonomic and phylogenetic β‐diversity increased by 11% and 6% in urban habitats, respectively, but exhibited no systematic change in agricultural habitats. We detected a 22% decline in taxonomic γ‐diversity and a 17% decline in phylogenetic γ‐diversity in agricultural habitats, but γ‐diversity of urban habitats was not significantly different from natural habitats. These findings highlight the threat of agricultural expansions to large‐scale bee diversity due to systematic γ‐diversity decline. In addition, while both urbanization and agriculture lead to consistent declines in α‐diversity, their impacts on β‐ or γ‐diversity vary, highlighting the need to study the effects of land use change at multiple scales.

Intrinsic and environmental drivers of pairwise cohesion in wild Canis social groups - John F. Benson; David A. Keiter; Peter J. Mahoney; Benjamin L. Allen; Lee Allen; Francisco Álvares; Morgan L. Anderson; Shannon M. Barber‐Meyer; Adi Barocas; James C. Beasley; Linda Behrendorff; Jerrold L. Belant; et al. (Ecology, 2025)
Animals within social groups respond to costs and benefits of sociality by adjusting the proportion of time they spend in close proximity to other individuals in the group (cohesion). Variation in cohesion between individuals, in turn, shapes important group‐level processes such as subgroup formation and fission–fusion dynamics. Although critical to animal sociality, a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing cohesion remains a gap in our knowledge of cooperative behavior in animals. We tracked 574 individuals from six species within the genus Canis in 15 countries on four continents with GPS telemetry to estimate the time that pairs of individuals within social groups spent in close proximity and test hypotheses regarding drivers of cohesion. Pairs of social canids ( Canis spp.) varied widely in the proportion of time they spent together (5%–100%) during seasonal monitoring periods relative to both intrinsic characteristics and environmental conditions. The majority of our data came from three species of wolves (gray wolves, eastern wolves, and red wolves) and coyotes. For these species, cohesion within social groups was greatest between breeding pairs and varied seasonally as the nature of cooperative activities changed relative to annual life history patterns. Across species, wolves were more cohesive than coyotes. For wolves, pairs were less cohesive in larger groups, and when suitable, small prey was present reflecting the constraints of food resources and intragroup competition on social associations. Pair cohesion in wolves declined with increased anthropogenic modification of the landscape and greater climatic variability, underscoring challenges for conserving social top predators in a changing world. We show that pairwise cohesion in social groups varies strongly both within and across Canis species, as individuals respond to changing ecological context defined by resources, competition, and anthropogenic disturbance. Our work highlights that cohesion is a highly plastic component of animal sociality that holds significant promise for elucidating ecological and evolutionary mechanisms underlying cooperative behavior.

The Cycles agroecosystem model: Fundamentals, testing, and applications - Armen R. Kemanian; Yuning Shi; Charles M. White; Felipe Montes; Claudio O. Stöckle; David R. Huggins; Maria Laura Cangiano; Giovani Stefani-Faé; Rachel K. Nydegger Rozum (Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2024)

Analytical and clinical validation of diagnostic tests for the detection of leucospermia in beef bulls - Maria Soledad Ferrer; Roberto Palomares; Bradley Heins; Patricia Xavier; Hays Fyke; David John Hurley; Julie Gordon (Theriogenology, 2024)

Sintered glass filter as a membrane impregnated with g-C3N4 and AuAg/g-C3N4 to degrade Rhodamine B with application in decentralized areas - Leticia Santamaría; Lyda Patricia Sabogal-Paz; Bárbara Luíza Souza Freitas; Maria Teresa Hoffmann; David Royo-Pareja; José M. López-de-Luzuriaga; Miguel Monge (Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2024)

Four approaches to setting soil health targets and thresholds in agricultural soils - Amanda Matson; Maria Fantappiè; Grant A. Campbell; Jorge F. Miranda-Vélez; Jack H. Faber; Lucas Carvalho Gomes; Rudi Hessel; Marcos Lana; Stefano Mocali; Pete Smith; David A. Robinson; Antonio Bispo; et al. (Journal of Environmental Management, 2024)

Leveraging genetics to support forensic toxicology analysis: Demonstrating concordance among marijuana samples - Michele Di Nunzio; Maria Pieri; David Gangitano; Ciro Di Nunzio; Nadia Tinto; Massimo Niola; Carme Barrot-Feixat (Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2024)

Polyphasic approach to the selection of Esteya isolates for the control of the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus - David Pires; Cláudia S.L. Vicente; Manuel Mota; Maria L. Inácio (Fungal Biology, 2024)

Exposure to organophosphate ester flame retardants and plasticizers and associations with preeclampsia and blood pressure in pregnancy - Amir J. Lueth; Paige A. Bommarito; Danielle R. Stevens; Barrett M. Welch; David E. Cantonwine; Maria Ospina; Antonia M. Calafat; John D. Meeker; Thomas F. McElrath; Kelly K. Ferguson (Environmental Research, 2024)

Comparative study of non-suppurative meningoencephalitis in cattle in Southern Brazil - Francisca Maria Sousa Barbosa; Igor Ribeiro dos Santos; Bruno Albuquerque de Almeida; Franciéli Adriane Molossi; Paula Rodrigues de Almeida; Eryca Ceolin Lamego; Júlia Camargo Barth; Sara Vilar Dantas Simões; Welden Panziera; Luciana Sonne; Saulo Petinatti Pavarini; David Driemeier (Veterinary Research Communications, 2024)

Association Between Agronomic and Biomass Component Traits Using Pathway Analysis and Regression Tree Techniques in Biomass Sorghum - Gabrielle Maria Romeiro Lombardi; José Airton Rodrigues Nunes; Rafael Augusto da Costa Parrella; Michael David Batista Luaemar de Oliveira (Sugar Tech, 2024)

Harnessing the power of microalgae consortia for sustainable crop production: case study on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) - Luis Eduardo Díaz; Juan David Gonzalez; Maria Paula Morales-Gonzalez; Claudia L. Garzón-Castro (Journal of Applied Phycology, 2024)
Due to global food demand and need to protect the environment, improving crop productivity while reducing agrochemical use has become crucial. Microalgae offer a potential solution as they exhibit biostimulant and biofertilizer effects, improving both crop and soil quality. This study aimed to assess the impact of suspensions of freeze-dried Chlorella vulgaris (UTEX 265), Scenedesmus obliquus (UTEX 393), and Haematococcus pluvialis (UTEX 2505) biomass in distilled water on lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) germination and development. Different microalgae treatments, individually and mixtures, were applied. The study evaluated various plant growth parameters and the concentration of nutritional constituents, including reducing sugars, total polyphenols, antioxidant capacity, and chlorophyll a . In the first stage (germination), microalgae treatments ( C. vulgaris 2 g (CV2),; C vulgaris 0.66 g, S. obliquus 0.66 g and H. pluvialis 0.7 g (CV0.7:SO0.7:HP0.7) and C. vulgaris 1.5 g and S. obliquus 1.5 g (CV1.5:SO1.5) increased L. sativa seed germination rate and the number of germinated seeds. Significant changes were observed in growth-related variables such as height (CV0.7:SO9.7:HP0.7), stem diameter ( C. vulgaris 3 g (CV3)), root length ( S. obliquus 3 g (SO3)), and leaf area (CV1.5:SO1.5). In the second stage (plant development), microalgae treatments significantly increased dry weight from 2.71% (CV1.5:SO1.5) to 48.52% (SO3), reduced sugars from 3.20% (CV3) to 59.05% (CV1.5:SO1.5), total polyphenols from 7.99% (CV3) to 40.15% (CV1.5:SO1.5), antioxidant capacity from 0.77% (CV0.7:SO9.7:HP0.7) to 17.40% (CV1:HP1), and chlorophyll a from 23.01% (CV1.5:SO1.5) ( p ≤ 0.05). C. vulgaris and S. obliquus in blending were identified as the main microalgae promoting positive effects on L. sativa development. This study confirms that microalgae, particularly C. vulgaris and S. obliquus , can enhance crop quality, specifically in L. sativa . These findings demonstrate the potential of microalgae as biostimulants, supporting their application to improve crop productivity and emphasizing their role in sustainable agriculture.

First-Genome Sequence Data of an Alcaligenes nematophilus Strain EBU-23 Encoding bla Gene Implicated in Acute Childhood Gastroenteritis - Ebuka Elijah David; Ikechuku Okorie Igwenyi; Ifeanyichukwu Romanus Iroha; Layla Farage Martins; Guillermo Uceda-Campos; Aline Maria da Silva (Current Microbiology, 2024)

Evaluating the effectiveness & costs of strategies post-eradication to monitor for freedom from BVDV infection in Ireland - Jonas Brock; Maria Guelbenzu-Gonzalo; Martin Lange; Jamie A. Tratalos; Damien Barrett; Liz Lane; Simon J. More; David A. Graham; Hans-Hermann Thulke (Agricultural Systems, 2024)

A social-ecological approach to support equitable land use decision-making - Maria Brück; Felipe Benra; Dula Wakassa Duguma; Joern Fischer; Tolera Senbeto Jiren; Elizabeth A. Law; Manuel Pacheco-Romero; Jannik Schultner; David J. Abson (Ambio, 2024)
Human-driven land use change can result in unequitable outcomes in the provision and appropriation of ecosystem services (ES). To better address equity-related effects of land use change in decision-making, analyses of land use and ES changes under different land use management alternatives should incorporate ecological and social information and take a disaggregated approach to ES analysis. Because such approaches are still scarce in the literature, we present a generalized social-ecological approach to support equitable land use decision-making (in terms of process and outcomes) and an example of its application to a case study in southwestern Ethiopia. We propose a six-step approach that combines scenario planning with equity-focused, disaggregated analyses of ES. Its application in our study area made equity-related effects of land use change explicit through the recognition of different beneficiary groups, value types, and spatial locations. We recommend the application of our approach in other contexts, especially in the Global South.

An ecologically sound and participatory monitoring network for pan‐Arctic seabirds - Manon Clairbaux; Mia Rönkä; Tycho Anker‐Nilssen; Yuri Artukhin; Jóhannis Danielsen; Maria Gavrilo; Grant Gilchrist; Erpur Snær Hansen; April Hedd; Robert Kaler; Kathy Kuletz; Bergur Olsen; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2024)
In a warming Arctic, circumpolar long‐term monitoring programs are key to advancing ecological knowledge and informing environmental policies. Calls for better involvement of Arctic peoples in all stages of the monitoring process are widespread, although such transformation of Arctic science is still in its infancy. Seabirds stand out as ecological sentinels of environmental changes, and priority has been given to implement the Circumpolar Seabird Monitoring Plan (CSMP). We assessed the representativeness of a pan‐Arctic seabird monitoring network focused on the black‐legged kittiwake ( Rissa tridactyla ) by comparing the distribution of environmental variables for all known versus monitored colonies. We found that with respect to its spatiotemporal coverage, this monitoring network does not fully embrace current and future environmental gradients. To improve the current scheme, we designed a method to identify colonies whose inclusion in the monitoring network will improve its ecological representativeness, limit logistical constraints, and improve involvement of Arctic peoples. We thereby highlight that inclusion of study sites in the Bering Sea, Siberia, western Russia, northern Norway, and southeastern Greenland could improve the current monitoring network and that their proximity to local populations might allow increased involvement of local communities. Our framework can be applied to improve existing monitoring networks in other ecoregions and sociological contexts.

Relevance of farm-scale indicators and tools for farmers to assess sustainability of their mixed crop-ruminant livestock systems - Fernanda Figueiredo Granja Dorilêo Leite; Claudia Faverin; Verónica S. Ciganda; Omar Cristobal-Carballo; Julio Cesar dos Reis; Maguy Eugène; Santiago Fariña; Jean Hercher-Pasteur; Alyce Monteiro; Matti Pastell; Paulo Recavarren; Alvaro Romera; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Pullout behavior of single and clustered torpedo anchors - Alessandra Conde de Freitas; David Sena Balreira; Dhuann Paiva Antunes Fiori Bakr; Maria Cascão Ferreira de Almeida; José Renato M.S. Oliveira; Márcio de Souza Soares de Almeida; Rachel Guerreiro Basilio Costa Genzani (Ocean Engineering, 2024)

Fusing 1H NMR and Raman experimental data for the improvement of wine recognition models - Ariana Raluca Hategan; Maria David; Adrian Pirnau; Bogdan Cozar; Simona Cinta-Pinzaru; Francois Guyon; Dana Alina Magdas (Food Chemistry, 2024)

PM10-bound trace elements in pan-European urban atmosphere - Xiansheng Liu; Xun Zhang; Tao Wang; Bowen Jin; Lijie Wu; Rosa Lara; Marta Monge; Cristina Reche; Jean-Luc Jaffrezo; Gaelle Uzu; Pamela Dominutti; Sophie Darfeuil; et al. (Environmental Research, 2024)

The BirdLife Seabird Tracking Database: 20 years of collaboration for marine conservation - Ana P.B. Carneiro; Maria P. Dias; Bethany L. Clark; Elizabeth J. Pearmain; Jonathan Handley; Amy R. Hodgson; John P. Croxall; Richard A. Phillips; Steffen Oppel; Joanne M. Morten; Ben Lascelles; Cleo Cunningham; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2024)

Bioactivity of Amphidinol-Containing Extracts of Amphidinium carterae Grown Under Varying Cultivation Conditions - Maria Elena Barone; Elliot Murphy; David Fierli; Floriana Campanile; Gerard T. A. Fleming; Olivier P. Thomas; Nicolas Touzet (Current Microbiology, 2024)

Off the conservation radar: the hidden story of Europe's tiny pea clams (Bivalvia: Sphaeriidae) - Dariusz Halabowski; Ronaldo Sousa; Manuel Lopes-Lima; Ian Killeen; David C Aldridge; Katarzyna Zając; Jon Hamner Mageroy; Daniel Alan Cossey; Maria Urbańska; Martin Österling; Vincent Prié (Biodiversity and Conservation, 2024)
This study highlights the conservation problems faced by the tiny freshwater bivalves of the family Sphaeriidae, also known as pea, pill, or fingernail clams (or mussels) in Europe. Despite their global distribution, assumed ecological importance, and potential uses, basic knowledge about their taxonomy, biology, and ecology is very limited and much lower than for the larger freshwater bivalve taxa. Immediate scientific priorities are required to fill knowledge gaps regarding their taxonomy, genetic diversity, distribution, reproductive cycle, ecosystem functions, and population trends. Such fundamental knowledge is necessary to identify specific threats and develop appropriate conservation actions. Deploying environmental DNA analysis at a large scale could be a valuable way to fill gaps in distribution and strengthen monitoring in areas where local taxonomic knowledge is lacking. Until taxon-specific management plans can be developed, we recommend that efforts concentrate on the general protection and restoration of wetland habitats, implementing pollution control measures, and managing invasive species. These actions should be complemented by community engagement through citizen science initiatives. Additionally, prioritising data collection to fill existing knowledge gaps and updating conservation statuses (Red Lists) based on comprehensive assessments will be crucial. Implementing these actions will provide a starting point for the broader protection of freshwater ecosystems, thus benefiting pea clams and other interconnected species within these habitats.

Expanded Combined Loading Injury Criterion for the Human Lumbar Spine Under Dynamic Compression - Maria Ortiz-Paparoni; Joost Op ‘t Eynde; Christopher Eckersley; Concetta Morino; Mitchell Abrams; Derek Pang; Jason Kait; Frank Pintar; Narayan Yoganandan; Jason Moore; David Barnes; Kathryn Loftis; et al. (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2024)

Complementary value of molecular, phenotypic, and functional aging biomarkers in dementia prediction - Andreas Engvig; Karl Trygve Kalleberg; Lars T. Westlye; Esten Høyland Leonardsen; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; John Q. Trojanowski; Arthur W. Toga; Laurel Beckett; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
DNA methylation age (MA), brain age (BA), and frailty index (FI) are putative aging biomarkers linked to dementia risk. We investigated their relationship and combined potential for prediction of cognitive impairment and future dementia risk using the ADNI database. Of several MA algorithms, DunedinPACE and GrimAge2, associated with memory, were combined in a composite MA alongside BA and a data-driven FI in predictive analyses. Pairwise correlations between age- and sex-adjusted measures for MA (aMA), aBA, and aFI were low. FI outperformed BA and MA in all diagnostic tasks. A model including age, sex, and aFI achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 for differentiating cognitively normal controls (CN) from dementia patients in a held-out test set. When combined with clinical biomarkers (apolipoprotein E ε4 allele count, memory, executive function), a model including aBA and aFI predicted 5-year dementia risk among MCI patients with an out-of-sample AUC of 0.88. In the prognostic model, BA and FI offered complementary value (both β s 0.50). The tested MAs did not improve predictions. Results were consistent across FI algorithms, with data-driven health deficit selection yielding the best performance. FI had a stronger adverse effect on prognosis in males, while BA’s impact was greater in females. Our findings highlight the complementary value of BA and FI in dementia prediction. The results support a multidimensional view of dementia, including an intertwined relationship between the biomarkers, sex, and prognosis. The tested MA’s limited contribution suggests caution in their use for individual risk assessment of dementia.

Molecular study of the transcription factor SKN-1 and its putative relationship with genes that encode GST and antioxidant enzymes in Haemonchus contortus - Jocelyn Maza-Lopez; Verónica Jiménez-Jacinto; Víctor H. Bermúdez-Morales; Rogelio A. Alonso-Morales; David E. Reyes-Guerrero; Rosa I. Higuera-Piedrahita; Rene Camas-Pereyra; Maria Eugenia López-Arellano (Veterinary Parasitology, 2024)

Comparative assessment of the performance of a commercial fluorescent microsphere immunoassay and three commercial ELISAs for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae serum antibody detection - Brooklyn M. Cauwels; Ronaldo L. Magtoto; Maria J. Clavijo; Ana Paula S. Poeta Silva; Bailey L. Arruda; Jeffrey J. Zimmerman; David H. Baum; Luis G. Giménez-Lirola (Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2024)

Fish and tips: Historical and projected changes in commercial fish species' habitat suitability in the Southern Hemisphere - Maria Bas; Jazel Ouled-Cheikh; Laura Julià; Alba Fuster-Alonso; David March; Francisco Ramírez; Luis Cardona; Marta Coll (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Responses of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air quality to future climate, land use, and emission changes: Insights from modeling across shared socioeconomic pathways - Hemraj Bhattarai; Amos P.K. Tai; Maria Val Martin; David H.Y. Yung (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

The ADnet Bayesian belief network for alder decline: Integrating empirical data and expert knowledge - Inês Gomes Marques; Cristina Vieites-Blanco; Patricia M. Rodríguez-González; Pedro Segurado; Marlene Marques; Maria J. Barrento; Maria R. Fernandes; Arthur Cupertino; Helena Almeida; Idoia Biurrun; Tamara Corcobado; Filipe Costa e Silva; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Combination and summary of ATLAS dark matter searches interpreted in a 2HDM with a pseudo-scalar mediator using 139 fb−1 of s = 13 TeV pp collision data - G. Aad; B. Abbott; K. Abeling; N.J. Abicht; S.H. Abidi; A. Aboulhorma; H. Abramowicz; H. Abreu; Y. Abulaiti; A.C. Abusleme Hoffman; B.S. Acharya; C. Adam Bourdarios; et al. (Science Bulletin, 2024)

Thermal modeling of the lunar South Pole: Application to the PROSPECT landing site - Michelangelo Formisano; Maria Cristina De Sanctis; Sarah Boazman; Alessandro Frigeri; David Heather; Gianfranco Magni; Matteo Teodori; Simone De Angelis; Marco Ferrari (Planetary and Space Science, 2024)

Marker-based pedigree reconstruction reveals limited diversity within commercial Eucalyptus benthamii breeding populations in Brazil - Filipe Manoel Ferreira; Dario Grattapaglia; David Bush; Gisela Maria Pedrassani Andrejow; Regiane Abjaud Estopa; Evandro Vagner Tambarussi (Tree Genetics & Genomes, 2024)

Clinical characteristics, predisposing factors and outcomes for Enterococcus faecalis versus Enterococcus faecium bloodstream infections: a prospective multicentre cohort study - Fenna Scharloo; Francesco Cogliati Dezza; Inmaculada López-Hernández; Pedro María Martínez Pérez-Crespo; Ane Josune Goikoetxea Aguirre; María Teresa Pérez-Rodríguez; Jonathan Fernandez-Suarez; Eva León Jiménez; Miguel Ángel Morán Rodríguez; Isabel Fernández-Natal; José María Reguera Iglesias; Clara Natera Kindelán; et al. (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2024)
Purposes Enterococcal BSI is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with fatality rates of approximately 20–30%. There are microbiological and clinical differences between E. faecalis and E. faecium infections. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in predisposing factors for E. faecalis and E. faecium BSI and to explore prognostic factors. Methods This study was a post-hoc analysis of PROBAC, a Spanish prospective, multicenter, cohort in 2016–2017. Patients with E. faecalis or E. faecium BSI were eligible. Independent predictors for BSI development in polymicrobial and monomicrobial BSI and in-hospital mortality in the monomicrobial group were identified by logistic regression. Results A total of 431 patients were included. Independent factors associated with E. faecium BSI were previous use of penicillins (aOR 1.99 (95% CI 1.20–3.32)) or carbapenems (2.35 (1.12–4.93)), hospital-acquired BSI (2.58 (1.61–4.12)), and biliary tract source (3.36 (1.84–6.13)), while congestive heart failure (0.51 (0.27–0.97)), cerebrovascular disease (0.45 (0.21–0.98)), and urinary tract source (0.49 (0.26–0.92)) were associated with E. faecalis BSI. Independent prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality in E. faecalis BSI were Charlson Comorbidity Index (1.27 (1.08–1.51)), SOFA score (1.47 (1.24–1.73)), age (1.06 (1.02–1.10)), and urinary/biliary source (0.29 (0.09–0.90)). For E. faecium BSI, only SOFA score (1.34 (1.14–1.58) was associated with in-hospital mortality. Conclusions The factors associated with E. faecium and E. faecalis BSI are different. These variables may be helpful in the suspicion of one or other species for empiric therapeutic decisions and provide valuable information on prognosis.

Do Mesocarnivores Respond to the Seasonality in Management Practices in an Agroforestry Landscape? - Ana Luísa Barros; Diogo Raposo; João David Almeida; Sandra Alcobia; Maria Alexandra Oliveira; Darryl I. MacKenzie; Margarida Santos-Reis (Environmental Management, 2024)
In the Mediterranean, we find a mosaic of natural and cultural landscapes, where a variety of forest management practices created intermediate disturbance regimes that potentially increased biodiversity values. Nonetheless, it is essential to understand the species’ long-term response to the dynamic management in agroecosystems, since the species tolerance to disturbance can change throughout the life cycle. Mammalian carnivores can be sensitive to human disturbance and are an essential part of ecosystems due to their regulatory and community structuring effects. We investigated the spatial response of five mesocarnivores species to spatially- and temporally- varying management practices in an agroforestry landscape. More specifically, we assessed the mesocarnivores’ temporal changes in space use by implementing multi-season occupancy models in a Bayesian framework, using seasonal camera-trapping surveys for a 2-year period. All species had a weak response of local extinction to forestry management and livestock grazing pressure. For forest-dwelling species, occupancy was higher where productivity of perennial vegetation was high, while colonization between seasons was positively associated with vegetation cover. For habitat generalist species, we found that occupancy in the wet season increased with the distance to cattle exclusion plots. Most of these plots are pine stands which are subject to forestry interventions during winter. During the 2-year period we found seasonal fluctuations in occupancy for all species, with an overall slight decrease for three mesocarnivore species, while for the two forest-dwelling species there was an increase in occupancy between years. The weak species response to management practices supports the importance of traditional management for upholding a diverse mesocarnivore community in agroforestry systems but could also reflect these species’ ecological plasticity and resilience to disturbance.

Dominance and rarity in tree communities across the globe: Patterns, predictors and threats - Iris Hordijk; Lalasia Bialic‐Murphy; Thomas Lauber; Devin Routh; Lourens Poorter; Malin C. Rivers; Hans ter Steege; Jingjing Liang; Peter B. Reich; Sergio de‐Miguel; Gert‐Jan Nabuurs; Javier G. P. Gamarra; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2024)
Aim Ecological and anthropogenic factors shift the abundances of dominant and rare tree species within local forest communities, thus affecting species composition and ecosystem functioning. To inform forest and conservation management it is important to understand the drivers of dominance and rarity in local tree communities. We answer the following research questions: (1) What are the patterns of dominance and rarity in tree communities? (2) Which ecological and anthropogenic factors predict these patterns? And (3) what is the extinction risk of locally dominant and rare tree species? Location Global. Time period 1990–2017. Major taxa studied Trees. Methods We used 1.2 million forest plots and quantified local tree dominance as the relative plot basal area of the single most dominant species and local rarity as the percentage of species that contribute together to the least 10% of plot basal area. We mapped global community dominance and rarity using machine learning models and evaluated the ecological and anthropogenic predictors with linear models. Extinction risk, for example threatened status, of geographically widespread dominant and rare species was evaluated. Results Community dominance and rarity show contrasting latitudinal trends, with boreal forests having high levels of dominance and tropical forests having high levels of rarity. Increasing annual precipitation reduces community dominance, probably because precipitation is related to an increase in tree density and richness. Additionally, stand age is positively related to community dominance, due to stem diameter increase of the most dominant species. Surprisingly, we find that locally dominant and rare species, which are geographically widespread in our data, have an equally high rate of elevated extinction due to declining populations through large‐scale land degradation. Main conclusions By linking patterns and predictors of community dominance and rarity to extinction risk, our results suggest that also widespread species should be considered in large‐scale management and conservation practices.

Local molecular and connectomic contributions of tau-related neurodegeneration - Fardin Nabizadeh; Michael W. Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; John Q. Trojanowski; Arthur W. Toga; Laurel Beckett; Robert C. Green; Andrew J. Saykin; John Morris; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Combination of toxicological and epidemiological approaches for estimating the health impact of atmospheric pollutants. A proof of concept for NO2 - Susana Pallarés Porcar; Francisco Javier Sánchez-Íñigo; Beatriz Nuñez-Corcuera; Joaquín Lozano Suárez; Sonia Arca-Lafuente; Clara Moyano Cárdaba; Ana Fernandez Agudo; Mercedes de Alba-Gonzalez; Rebeca Ramis; David Galán-Madruga; Maria del Carmen González-Caballero; Verónica Briz; et al. (Chemosphere, 2024)

Multiple stressors affecting microbial decomposer and litter decomposition in restored urban streams: Assessing effects of salinization, increased temperature, and reduced flow velocity in a field mesocosm experiment - Gwendoline M. David; Iris Madge Pimentel; Philipp M. Rehsen; Anna-Maria Vermiert; Florian Leese; Mark O. Gessner (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Combinations of bacterial probiotics and yeast postbiotics influence fat deposition and growth in the nematode C. elegans - Michael K. Fasseas; Sushmita Maitra; Maria Tintoré; Jordi Cuñé; Carlos de Lecea; David Weinkove (PharmaNutrition, 2024)

A hydrothermal plume on the Southwest Indian Ridge revealed by a multi-proxy approach: Impact on iron and manganese distributions (GEOTRACES GS02) - Corentin Baudet; Eva Bucciarelli; Géraldine Sarthou; Cédric Boulart; Ewan Pelleter; Millie Goddard-Dwyer; Hannah Whitby; Rui Zhang; Ingrid Obernosterer; David Gonzalez-Santana; Morgane Léon; Pieter van Beek; et al. (Marine Chemistry, 2024)

Integrated cultivation of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) with coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) grown at different plant density - Rayane Quaresma Guimarães; Fábio Carneiro Sterzelecki; Rafael José Furtado Souza; Thayanne Cristine Caetano de Carvalho; Aldry Lorran Silva; Marco Shizuo Owatari; Maria de Lourdes Souza Santos; Ronald Kennedy Luz; Nuno Filipe Alves Correia de Melo; Glauber David Almeida Palheta (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2024)

Deciphering the plot preferences of forest contractors when purchasing stumpage through conjoint analysis - Laura Alonso; Juan Picos; Maria del Carmen Iglesias-Pérez; David Iglesias-González; Julia Armesto (Forest Policy and Economics, 2024)

Transcriptomic and developmental effects of persistent organic pollutants in sentinel fishes collected near an arctic formerly used defense site - Renee Jordan-Ward; Frank A. von Hippel; Maria Eugenia Sancho Santos; Catherine A. Wilson; Zyled Rodriguez Maldonado; Danielle Dillon; Tom Titus; Alison Gardell; Amina Salamova; John H. Postlethwait; Elise Contreras; Staci L. Capozzi; et al. (Environmental Pollution, 2024)

Lessons learned from 25 years of operational large-scale restoration: The Sow-A-Seed project, Sabah, Borneo - E. Petter Axelsson; Kevin C. Grady; David Alloysius; Jan Falck; Daniel Lussetti; Charles Santhanaraju Vairappan; Yap Sau Wai; Keiko Ioki; Maria Lourdes T. Lardizabal; Berhaman Ahmad; Ulrik Ilstedt (Ecological Engineering, 2024)

Comparative karyotype analysis of the red brocket deer (M. americana sensu lato and M. rufa) complex: evidence of drastic chromosomal evolution and implications on speciation process - Agda Maria Bernegossi; David Javier Galindo; Pedro Henrique Faria Peres; Miluse Vozdova; Halina Cernohorska; Svatava Kubickova; Dita Kadlcikova; Jiri Rubes; José Maurício Barbanti Duarte (Journal of Applied Genetics, 2024)

Investigating the efficiency of electrocoagulation using similar/dissimilar electrodes for the detoxification of Coralene Rubine dye: a cost effective approach - Jovitha Jane David; Asath Murphy Maria Stephen; Subbiah Kavitha; Suresh Kumar Krishnan; Santhiya Mariappan; Sahaya Leenus Sebastian; Jegathambal Palanichamy; Parameswari Kalivel; Palanivel Sathishkumar (Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2024)

Bioarchaeological Perspectives on Late Antiquity in Dalmatia: Paleogenetic, Dietary, and Population Studies of the Hvar—Radošević burial site - Brina Zagorc; Magdalena Blanz; Pere Gelabert; Susanna Sawyer; Victoria Oberreiter; Olivia Cheronet; Hao Shan Chen; Mario Carić; Eduard Visković; Iňigo Olalde; Maria Ivanova-Bieg; Mario Novak; et al. (Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2024)
Late Antiquity Dalmatia was a time and place of political unrest in the Roman Empire that influenced the lives of those in that region. The Late Antique burial site of Hvar – Radošević, spanning the 3rd to 5th centuries CE, is located on the Croatian Dalmatian island of Hvar. Given the time frame and location on a busy marine trade route, the study of this burial site offers us a glimpse into the lives of the Late Antique population living on this island. It comprises 33 individuals, with 17 buried within a confined grave tomb and the remaining individuals buried in separate locations in the tomb's proximity. The study aims to provide a new perspective on the lives of people on the island during those times by studying ancestry, population structure, possible differences within the buried population, dietary habits, and general health. The genetic analysis of the ancestral origins of the individuals buried at Hvar – Radošević revealed a diverse population reflective of the era's genetic variability. The identification of genetic outliers suggests a range of ancestries from distinct regions of the Roman Empire, possibly linked to trade routes associated with the Late Antique port in ancient Hvar. Stable isotope ratio analysis (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) indicated a diet mainly consisting of C 3 plants, with minimal consumption of marine foods. High childhood mortality rates, physiological stress markers, and dental diseases suggest a low quality of life in the population. Assessment of kinship and dietary patterns revealed no discernible distinctions between individuals buried within the tomb and those buried outside, indicative of an absence of differential burial practices based on social status and familial ties among this specific buried population.

The IAHS Science for Solutions decade, with Hydrology Engaging Local People IN one Global world (HELPING) - Berit Arheimer; Christophe Cudennec; Attilio Castellarin; Salvatore Grimaldi; Kate V. Heal; Claire Lupton; Archana Sarkar; Fuqiang Tian; Jean-Marie Kileshye Onema; Stacey Archfield; Günter Blöschl; Pedro L. Borges Chaffe; et al. (Hydrological Sciences Journal, 2024)

Corrigendum: Ocean surface radiation measurement best practices - Laura D. Riihimaki; Meghan F. Cronin; Raja Acharya; Nathan Anderson; John A. Augustine; Kelly A. Balmes; Patrick Berk; Roberto Bozzano; Anthony Bucholtz; Kenneth J. Connell; Christopher J. Cox; Alcide G. di Sarra; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)

Deciphering hydrogeochemical evolution in the multilayered Ilhas-São Sebastião aquifer system, Brazil: Implications for groundwater resources management - Deize Elle Ribeiro Moitinho; Natanael da Silva Barbosa; David Debruyne; Maria da Conceição Rabelo Gomes; Natali Barbosa; Ludimilla Amorim Gomes; José Carlos Cruz do Carmo; Cristovaldo Bispo dos Santos (Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 2024)

The connection of the Costa Rica Coastal Current with the West Mexican Current in the Gulf of Tehuantepec - Martin Alfredo Terrazas Silva; David Alberto Salas de León; Maria Luisa Machain Castillo; María Adela Monreal Gómez (Continental Shelf Research, 2024)

Ant rarity and vulnerability in Brazilian Atlantic Forest fragments - Nathalia S. Silva; Everton A. Maciel; Lívia P. Prado; Otávio G.M. Silva; David Aciole Barbosa; Joudellys Andrade-Silva; Débora R. Souza-Campana; Rogério R. Silva; Carlos R.F. Brandão; Jacques H.C. Delabie; Maria S.C. Morini (Biological Conservation, 2024)

New insights into the sources of atmospheric lead reaching the Arctic by isotopic analysis of PM10 atmospheric particles and resuspended soils - Marco Grotti; Francisco Ardini; Maria Alessia Vecchio; Matilde Mataloni; Stefano Bertinetti; Federica Bruschi; Beatrice Moroni; David Cappelletti; Kasper Hobin; Frank Vanhaecke (Atmospheric Environment, 2024)

Habitat suitability modeling of Aurelia jellyfish (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) in the Gulf of Mexico suggests distinct species’ distributions based on tolerance limits - Alexandra Frolova; David Retchless; Maria Pia Miglietta (Marine Biology, 2024)

Temporal variation in the incidence of seaweed health problems affecting farmed Kappaphycus striatus in relation to environmental conditions in shallow waters - Joseph P. Faisan; Rema C. Sibonga; Jonalyn P. Mateo; Maria Rovilla J. Luhan; Victor Marco Emmanuel N. Ferriols; Vicente T. Balinas; Janina Brakel; David Bass; Stuart Ross; Grant D. Stentiford; Juliet Brodie; Georgia M. Ward; et al. (Journal of Applied Phycology, 2024)

Oxidative responses in small juveniles of Colossoma macropomum anesthetized and sedated with Ocimum gratissimum L. essential oil - Andre Lima Ferreira; Walisson de Souza e Silva; Hugo Napoleão Pereira da Silva; Carine de Freitas Milarch; Glauber David Almeida Palheta; Berta Maria Heinzmann; Carlos Garrido Pinheiro; Bernardo Baldisserotto; Gisele Cristina Favero; Ronald Kennedy Luz (Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 2024)

Longitudinal gut microbiome dynamics in relation to age and senescence in a wild animal population - Sarah F. Worsley; Charli S. Davies; Chuen Zhang Lee; Maria‐Elena Mannarelli; Terry Burke; Jan Komdeur; Hannah L. Dugdale; David S. Richardson (Molecular Ecology, 2024)
In humans, gut microbiome (GM) differences are often correlated with, and sometimes causally implicated in, ageing. However, it is unclear how these findings translate in wild animal populations. Studies that investigate how GM dynamics change within individuals, and with declines in physiological condition, are needed to fully understand links between chronological age, senescence and the GM, but have rarely been done. Here, we use longitudinal data collected from a closed population of Seychelles warblers ( Acrocephalus sechellensis ) to investigate how bacterial GM alpha diversity, composition and stability are associated with host senescence. We hypothesised that GM diversity and composition will differ, and become more variable, in older adults, particularly in the terminal year prior to death, as the GM becomes increasingly dysregulated due to senescence. However, GM alpha diversity and composition remained largely invariable with respect to adult age and did not differ in an individual's terminal year. Furthermore, there was no evidence that the GM became more heterogenous in senescent age groups (individuals older than 6 years), or in the terminal year. Instead, environmental variables such as season, territory quality and time of day, were the strongest predictors of GM variation in adult Seychelles warblers. These results contrast with studies on humans, captive animal populations and some (but not all) studies on non‐human primates, suggesting that GM deterioration may not be a universal hallmark of senescence in wild animal species. Further work is needed to disentangle the factors driving variation in GM‐senescence relationships across different host taxa.

Wheat genetic resources have avoided disease pandemics, improved food security, and reduced environmental footprints: A review of historical impacts and future opportunities - Julie King; Susanne Dreisigacker; Matthew Reynolds; Anindya Bandyopadhyay; Hans‐Joachim Braun; Leonardo Crespo‐Herrera; Jose Crossa; Velu Govindan; Julio Huerta; Maria Itria Ibba; Carlos A. Robles‐Zazueta; Carolina Saint Pierre; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
The use of plant genetic resources (PGR)—wild relatives, landraces, and isolated breeding gene pools—has had substantial impacts on wheat breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, while increasing nutritional value, end‐use quality, and grain yield. In the Global South, post‐Green Revolution genetic yield gains are generally achieved with minimal additional inputs. As a result, production has increased, and millions of hectares of natural ecosystems have been spared. Without PGR‐derived disease resistance, fungicide use would have easily doubled, massively increasing selection pressure for fungicide resistance. It is estimated that in wheat, a billion liters of fungicide application have been avoided just since 2000. This review presents examples of successful use of PGR including the relentless battle against wheat rust epidemics/pandemics, defending against diseases that jump species barriers like blast, biofortification giving nutrient‐dense varieties and the use of novel genetic variation for improving polygenic traits like climate resilience. Crop breeding genepools urgently need to be diversified to increase yields across a range of environments (>200 Mha globally), under less predictable weather and biotic stress pressure, while increasing input use efficiency. Given that the ~0.8 m PGR in wheat collections worldwide are relatively untapped and massive impacts of the tiny fraction studied, larger scale screenings and introgression promise solutions to emerging challenges, facilitated by advanced phenomic and genomic tools. The first translocations in wheat to modify rhizosphere microbiome interaction (reducing biological nitrification, reducing greenhouse gases, and increasing nitrogen use efficiency) is a landmark proof of concept. Phenomics and next‐generation sequencing have already elucidated exotic haplotypes associated with biotic and complex abiotic traits now mainstreamed in breeding. Big data from decades of global yield trials can elucidate the benefits of PGR across environments. This kind of impact cannot be achieved without widescale sharing of germplasm and other breeding technologies through networks and public–private partnerships in a pre‐competitive space.

An approach to foster agribusiness marketing applying data analysis of social network - Nedson D. Soares; Regina Braga; José Maria N. David; Kennya B. Siqueira; Victor Stroele (Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2024)

Characterisation of microbial communities and quantification of antibiotic resistance genes in Italian wastewater treatment plants using 16S rRNA sequencing and digital PCR - Giusy Bonanno Ferraro; Carmelo Bonomo; David Brandtner; Pamela Mancini; Carolina Veneri; Rossella Briancesco; Anna Maria Coccia; Luca Lucentini; Elisabetta Suffredini; Dafne Bongiorno; Nicolò Musso; Stefania Stefani; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Identifying priority sites for whale shark ship collision management globally - Freya C. Womersley; Christoph A. Rohner; Kátya Abrantes; Pedro Afonso; Shin Arunrugstichai; Steffen S. Bach; Shir Bar; Adi Barash; Peter Barnes; Adam Barnett; Ginevra Boldrocchi; Noemie Buffat; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Uranium contamination of bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis, speciation and localization - Romain Stefanelli; Maria Rosa Beccia; Pier Lorenzo Solari; David Suhard; Sophie Pagnotta; Aurélie Jeanson; Jean Ulrich Mullot; Françoise Vernier; Christophe Moulin; Marguerite Monfort; Jean Aupiais; Christophe Den Auwer (Environmental Research, 2024)

A source-to-sink perspective of an anthropogenic marker: A first assessment of microplastics concentration, pathways, and accumulation across the environment - Sébastien Rohais; John J. Armitage; Maria-Fernanda Romero-Sarmiento; Jean-Lou Pierson; Vanessa Teles; Daniela Bauer; Cyril Cassar; David Sebag; Marie-Hélène Klopffer; Maxime Pelerin (Earth-Science Reviews, 2024)

The IT-BME Project: Integrating Inclusive Teaching in Biomedical Engineering Through Faculty/Graduate Partnerships - Patricia Jaimes; Elizabeth Bottorff; Theo Hopper; Javiera Jilberto; Jessica King; Monica Wall; Maria Coronel; Karin Jensen; Elizabeth Mays; Aaron Morris; James Weiland; Melissa Wrobel; et al. (Biomedical Engineering Education, 2024)

Impact of photoperiod and functional clock on male diapause in cryptochrome and pdf mutants in the linden bug Pyrrhocoris apterus - Magdalena Maria Kaniewska; Daniela Chvalová; David Dolezel (Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 2024)

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities - Bruno Garcia Luize; David Bauman; Hans ter Steege; Clarisse Palma‐Silva; Iêda Leão do Amaral; Luiz de Souza Coelho; Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos; Diógenes de Andrade Lima Filho; Rafael P. Salomão; Florian Wittmann; Carolina V. Castilho; Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim; et al. (Journal of Biogeography, 2024)
Aim Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location Amazonia. Taxon Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega‐phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white‐sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured ( R 2 = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified ( R 2 = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long‐standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions.

Among‐species variation in six decades of changing migration timings explained through ecology, life‐history and local migratory abundance - Vicki R. Dale; Mark Bolton; Maria Dornelas; Anne E. Magurran; Roy Dennis; Roger Broad; Nick J. Riddiford; Paul V. Harvey; Roger Riddington; Deryk N. Shaw; David Parnaby; Jane M. Reid (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Species exploiting seasonal environments must alter timings of key life‐history events in response to large‐scale climatic changes in order to maintain trophic synchrony with required resources. Yet, substantial among‐species variation in long‐term phenological changes has been observed. Advancing from simply describing such variation towards predicting future phenological responses requires studies that rigorously quantify and explain variation in the direction and magnitude of changing timings across diverse species in relation to key ecological and life‐history variables. Accordingly, we fitted multi‐quantile regressions to 59 years of multi‐species data on spring and autumn bird migration timings through northern Scotland. We demonstrate substantial variation in changes in timings among 72 species, and tested whether such variation can be explained by species ecology, life‐history and changes in local abundance. Consistent with predictions, species that advanced their migration timing in one or both seasons had more seasonally restricted diet types, fewer suitable breeding habitat types, shorter generation lengths and capability to produce multiple offspring broods per year. In contrast, species with less seasonally restricted diet types and that produce single annual offspring broods, showed no change. Meanwhile, contrary to prediction, long‐distance and short‐distance migrants advanced migration timings similarly. Changes in migration timing also varied with changes in local migratory abundance, such that species with increasing seasonal abundance apparently altered their migration timing, whilst species with decreasing abundance did not. Such patterns broadly concur with expectation given adaptive changes in migration timing. However, we demonstrate that similar patterns can be generated by numerical sampling given changing local abundances. Any apparent phenology‐abundance relationships should, therefore, be carefully validated and interpreted. Overall, our results show that migrant bird species with differing ecologies and life‐histories showed systematically differing phenological changes over six decades contextualised by large‐scale environmental changes, potentially facilitating future predictions and altering temporal dynamics of seasonal species co‐occurrences.

Forecasting potential invaders to prevent future biological invasions worldwide - Arman N. Pili; Boris Leroy; John G. Measey; Jules E. Farquhar; Adam Toomes; Phillip Cassey; Sebastian Chekunov; Matthias Grenié; Dylan van Winkel; Lisa Maria; Mae Lowe L. Diesmos; Arvin C. Diesmos; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
The ever‐increasing and expanding globalisation of trade and transport underpins the escalating global problem of biological invasions. Developing biosecurity infrastructures is crucial to anticipate and prevent the transport and introduction of invasive alien species. Still, robust and defensible forecasts of potential invaders are rare, especially for species without known invasion history. Here, we aim to support decision‐making by developing a quantitative invasion risk assessment tool based on invasion syndromes (i.e., generalising typical attributes of invasive alien species). We implemented a workflow based on ‘Multiple Imputation with Chain Equation’ to estimate invasion syndromes from imputed datasets of species' life‐history and ecological traits and macroecological patterns. Importantly, our models disentangle the factors explaining (i) transport and introduction and (ii) establishment. We showcase our tool by modelling the invasion syndromes of 466 amphibians and reptile species with invasion history. Then, we project these models to amphibians and reptiles worldwide (16,236 species [c.76% global coverage]) to identify species with a risk of being unintentionally transported and introduced, and risk of establishing alien populations. Our invasion syndrome models showed high predictive accuracy with a good balance between specificity and generality. Unintentionally transported and introduced species tend to be common and thrive well in human‐disturbed habitats. In contrast, those with established alien populations tend to be large‐sized, are habitat generalists, thrive well in human‐disturbed habitats, and have large native geographic ranges. We forecast that 160 amphibians and reptiles without known invasion history could be unintentionally transported and introduced in the future. Among them, 57 species have a high risk of establishing alien populations. Our reliable, reproducible, transferable, statistically robust and scientifically defensible quantitative invasion risk assessment tool is a significant new addition to the suite of decision‐support tools needed for developing a future‐proof preventative biosecurity globally.

The impact of fungi on soil protist communities in European cereal croplands - Florine Degrune; Kenneth Dumack; Masahiro Ryo; Gina Garland; Sana Romdhane; Aurélien Saghaï; Samiran Banerjee; Anna Edlinger; Chantal Herzog; David S. Pescador; Pablo García‐Palacios; Anna Maria Fiore‐Donno; et al. (Environmental Microbiology, 2024)
Protists, a crucial part of the soil food web, are increasingly acknowledged as significant influencers of nutrient cycling and plant performance in farmlands. While topographical and climatic factors are often considered to drive microbial communities on a continental scale, higher trophic levels like heterotrophic protists also rely on their food sources. In this context, bacterivores have received more attention than fungivores. Our study explored the connection between the community composition of protists (specifically Rhizaria and Cercozoa) and fungi across 156 cereal fields in Europe, spanning a latitudinal gradient of 3000 km. We employed a machine‐learning approach to measure the significance of fungal communities in comparison to bacterial communities, soil abiotic factors, and climate as determinants of the Cercozoa community composition. Our findings indicate that climatic variables and fungal communities are the primary drivers of cercozoan communities, accounting for 70% of their community composition. Structural equation modelling (SEM) unveiled indirect climatic effects on the cercozoan communities through a change in the composition of the fungal communities. Our data also imply that fungivory might be more prevalent among protists than generally believed. This study uncovers a hidden facet of the soil food web, suggesting that the benefits of microbial diversity could be more effectively integrated into sustainable agriculture practices.

Artificial intelligence in biocapacity and ecological footprint prediction in Latin America and the Caribbean - David van der Woude; Gilmer Yovani Castro Nieto; Maria Andreina Moros Ochoa; Carolina Llorente Portillo; Anderson Quintero (Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2024)

Benefits of calorie restriction in mice are mediated via energy imbalance, not absolute energy or protein intake - Daniel L. Smith; Sharon E. Mitchell; Maria S. Johnson; Victoria K. Gibbs; Stephanie Dickinson; Beate Henschel; Rui Li; Kathryn A. Kaiser; Daniella E. Chusyd; Andrew W. Brown; David B. Allison; John R. Speakman; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)
Caloric restriction (CR) results in reduced energy and protein intake, raising questions about protein restriction’s contribution to CR longevity benefits. We kept ad libitum ( AL )–fed male C57BL/6J mice at 27°C (AL27) and pair-fed (PF) mice at 22°C (22(PF27)). The 22(PF27) group was fed to match AL27 while restricted for calories due to cold-induced metabolism. The 22(PF27) mice had significantly lower body weight, lean mass, fat mass, leptin, IGF-1, and TNF-α levels than AL27 mice ( p <0.001 for all). Manipulations over ~11 weeks resulted in significant differences in body temperature, physical activity, and expression of key genes linked to hunger in the hypothalamus. Survival was significantly greater in 22(PF27) compared to AL27 overall ( p <0.001). CR in the context of equivalent energy and protein intake resulted in hormonal, metabolic, and physiological benefits and extended longevity. Hence, energy imbalance, rather than low energy or protein intake per se, mediates the benefits of CR.

Repression of autocrine pheromone signaling leads to fusaric acid over-production - Alessia Staropoli; Valentino Maria Guastaferro; Francesco Vinale; David Turrà; Luigi Di Costanzo; Stefania Vitale (Natural Product Research, 2024)

Global habitat predictions to inform spatiotemporal fisheries management: Initial steps within the framework - Heather D. Bowlby; Jean-Noël Druon; Jon Lopez; Maria José Juan-Jordá; María Teresa Carreón-Zapiain; Frederic Vandeperre; Agostino Leone; Brittany Finucci; Philippe S. Sabarros; Barbara A. Block; Haritz Arrizabalaga; Pedro Afonso; et al. (Marine Policy, 2024)

Assessing the environmental impacts of three different types of accommodations in Portugal and Spain by using an LCA approach - Cristina Campos; Ana Cláudia Dias; Paula Quinteiro; David Gutiérrez; Pedro Villanueva-Rey; Maria Gallego; Sara Oliveira; Jara Laso; Jaume Albertí; Alba Bala; Pere Fullana-i-Palmer; Lela Melón; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Comparative analysis of antioxidant and fatty acid composition in avocado (Persea americana Mill.) fruits: Exploring regional and commercial varieties - David Gonçalves; Carla S.S. Gouveia; Maria J. Ferreira; José F.T. Ganança; Diana C.G. Pinto; Miguel A.A. Pinheiro de Carvalho (Food Chemistry, 2024)

An international inter-laboratory study to compare digital PCR with ISO standardized qPCR assays for the detection of norovirus GI and GII in oyster tissue - Ingeborg L.A. Boxman; Ramia Molin; Sofia Persson; Anna Juréus; Claudia C.C. Jansen; Nils P. Sosef; Soizick F. Le Guyader; Joanna Ollivier; Maija Summa; Maria Hautaniemi; Elisabetta Suffredini; Simona Di Pasquale; et al. (Food Microbiology, 2024)

Landscape of global urban environmental resistome and its association with local socioeconomic and medical status - Jun Wu; Yige Hu; Michael H. Perlin; David Danko; Jun Lu; Manuela Oliveira; Johannes Werner; Maria M. Zambrano; Maria A. Sierra; Olayinka O. Osuolale; Paweł Łabaj; Nicolás Rascovan; et al. (Science China Life Sciences, 2024)

Aspergillosis in Critically Ill Patients with and Without COVID-19 in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Brazil - Mariana Rodrigues Trápaga; Vanice Rodrigues Poester; Rossana Patrícia Basso; Bianca dos Santos Blan; Lívia Silveira Munhoz; Alessandro C. Pasqualotto; Talita da Fontoura Werner; Maria Letícia Figurelli; David A. Stevens; Andrea von Groll; Melissa Orzechowski Xavier (Mycopathologia, 2024)

An Exploration of the Pillars of Leadership in Cancer Education - Thenugaa Rajeswaran; Krista Dawdy; Maria Bishop; Gilad Amiel; Kathleen Heneghan; Jamal Khader; Jakob de Vries; Filipe Santos Silva; David Wiljer; Ewa Szumacher (Journal of Cancer Education, 2024)

The detection of a strong episignature for Chung–Jansen syndrome, partially overlapping with Börjeson–Forssman–Lehmann and White–Kernohan syndromes - Niels Vos; Sadegheh Haghshenas; Liselot van der Laan; Perle K. M. Russel; Kathleen Rooney; Michael A. Levy; Raissa Relator; Jennifer Kerkhof; Haley McConkey; Saskia M. Maas; Lisenka E. L. M. Vissers; Bert B. A. de Vries; et al. (Human Genetics, 2024)
Chung-Jansen syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability, behavioral problems, obesity and dysmorphic features. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the PHIP gene that encodes for the Pleckstrin homology domain-interacting protein, which is part of an epigenetic modifier protein complex. Therefore, we hypothesized that PHIP haploinsufficiency may impact genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm). We assessed the DNAm profiles of affected individuals with pathogenic and likely pathogenic PHIP variants with Infinium Methylation EPIC arrays and report a specific and sensitive DNAm episignature biomarker for Chung–Jansen syndrome. In addition, we observed similarities between the methylation profile of Chung–Jansen syndrome and that of functionally related and clinically partially overlapping genetic disorders, White–Kernohan syndrome (caused by variants in DDB1 gene) and Börjeson–Forssman–Lehmann syndrome (caused by variants in PHF6 gene). Based on these observations we also proceeded to develop a common episignature biomarker for these disorders. These newly defined episignatures can be used as part of a multiclass episignature classifier for screening of affected individuals with rare disorders and interpretation of genetic variants of unknown clinical significance, and provide further insights into the common molecular pathophysiology of the clinically-related Chung–Jansen, Börjeson–Forssman–Lehmann and White–Kernohan syndromes.

Pathways to global coordination in space weather: International organizations, initiatives, and space agencies - Mamoru Ishii; Joaquim Eduardo Rezende Costa; Maria M. Kuznetsova; Jesse Andries; Natchimuthuk Gopalswamy; Anna Belehaki; Lucilla Alfonsi; Kazuo Shiokawa; Iwona Stanislawska; Suzy Bingham; Vladimir Kalegaev; W. Kent Tobiska; et al. (Advances in Space Research, 2024)

Evaluating the bioactivity and toxicity of Siparuna guianensis Aublet (Siparunaceae) leaf extracts in zebrafish - Maria de Fátima Santos; William Franco Carneiro; Bárbara do Carmo Rodrigues Virote; Kiara Cândido Duarte da Silva; Tassia Flavia Dias Castro; Aline Pereira Coli; Luis David Solis Murgas; Marcos Ferrante; Manuel Losada Gavilanes; Elisangela Elena Nunes Carvalho (Advances in Traditional Medicine, 2024)

Crouzon syndrome with kleeblattschädel skull - Angela Patricia Guarnizo Capera; Laura Andrea Campaña Perilla; Maria Alejandra Rueda; José David Cardona Ortegón; Gustavo Adolfo Triana Rodriguez (Acta Neurologica Belgica, 2024)

Decomposing drivers in avian insectivory: Large‐scale effects of climate, habitat and bird diversity - Laura Schillé; Elena Valdés‐Correcher; Frédéric Archaux; Flavius Bălăcenoiu; Mona Chor Bjørn; Michal Bogdziewicz; Thomas Boivin; Manuela Branco; Thomas Damestoy; Maarten de Groot; Jovan Dobrosavljević; Mihai‐Leonard Duduman; et al. (Journal of Biogeography, 2024)
Aim Climate is a major driver of large‐scale variability in biodiversity, as a likely result of more intense biotic interactions under warmer conditions. This idea fuelled decades of research on plant‐herbivore interactions, but much less is known about higher‐level trophic interactions. We addressed this research gap by characterizing both bird diversity and avian predation along a climatic gradient at the European scale. Location Europe. Taxon Insectivorous birds and pedunculate oaks. Methods We deployed plasticine caterpillars in 138 oak trees in 47 sites along a 19° latitudinal gradient in Europe to quantify bird insectivory through predation attempts. In addition, we used passive acoustic monitoring to (i) characterize the acoustic diversity of surrounding soundscapes; (ii) approximate bird abundance and activity through passive acoustic recordings; and (iii) infer both taxonomic and functional diversity of insectivorous birds from recordings. Results The functional diversity of insectivorous birds increased with warmer climates. Bird predation increased with forest cover and bird acoustic activity but decreased with mean annual temperature and functional richness of insectivorous birds. Contrary to our predictions, climatic clines in bird predation attempts were not directly mediated by changes in insectivorous bird diversity or acoustic activity, but climate and habitat still had independent effects on predation attempts. Main Conclusions Our study supports the hypothesis of an increase in the diversity of insectivorous birds towards warmer climates but refutes the idea that an increase in diversity would lead to more predation and advocates for better accounting for activity and abundance of insectivorous birds when studying the large‐scale variation in insect‐tree interactions.

Microclimate, an important part of ecology and biogeography - Julia Kemppinen; Jonas J. Lembrechts; Koenraad Van Meerbeek; Jofre Carnicer; Nathalie Isabelle Chardon; Paul Kardol; Jonathan Lenoir; Daijun Liu; Ilya Maclean; Jan Pergl; Patrick Saccone; Rebecca A. Senior; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2024)
Brief introduction: What are microclimates and why are they important? Microclimate science has developed into a global discipline. Microclimate science is increasingly used to understand and mitigate climate and biodiversity shifts. Here, we provide an overview of the current status of microclimate ecology and biogeography in terrestrial ecosystems, and where this field is heading next. Microclimate investigations in ecology and biogeography We highlight the latest research on interactions between microclimates and organisms, including how microclimates influence individuals, and through them populations, communities and entire ecosystems and their processes. We also briefly discuss recent research on how organisms shape microclimates from the tropics to the poles. Microclimate applications in ecosystem management Microclimates are also important in ecosystem management under climate change. We showcase new research in microclimate management with examples from biodiversity conservation, forestry and urban ecology. We discuss the importance of microrefugia in conservation and how to promote microclimate heterogeneity. Methods for microclimate science We showcase the recent advances in data acquisition, such as novel field sensors and remote sensing methods. We discuss microclimate modelling, mapping and data processing, including accessibility of modelling tools, advantages of mechanistic and statistical modelling and solutions for computational challenges that have pushed the state‐of‐the‐art of the field. What's next? We identify major knowledge gaps that need to be filled for further advancing microclimate investigations, applications and methods. These gaps include spatiotemporal scaling of microclimate data, mismatches between macroclimate and microclimate in predicting responses of organisms to climate change, and the need for more evidence on the outcomes of microclimate management.

A circumpolar study unveils a positive non‐linear effect of temperature on arctic arthropod availability that may reduce the risk of warming‐induced trophic mismatch for breeding shorebirds - Aurélie Chagnon‐Lafortune; Éliane Duchesne; Pierre Legagneux; Laura McKinnon; Jeroen Reneerkens; Nicolas Casajus; Kenneth F. Abraham; Élise Bolduc; Glen S. Brown; Stephen C. Brown; H. River Gates; Olivier Gilg; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Seasonally abundant arthropods are a crucial food source for many migratory birds that breed in the Arctic. In cold environments, the growth and emergence of arthropods are particularly tied to temperature. Thus, the phenology of arthropods is anticipated to undergo a rapid change in response to a warming climate, potentially leading to a trophic mismatch between migratory insectivorous birds and their prey. Using data from 19 sites spanning a wide temperature gradient from the Subarctic to the High Arctic, we investigated the effects of temperature on the phenology and biomass of arthropods available to shorebirds during their short breeding season at high latitudes. We hypothesized that prolonged exposure to warmer summer temperatures would generate earlier peaks in arthropod biomass, as well as higher peak and seasonal biomass. Across the temperature gradient encompassed by our study sites (>10°C in average summer temperatures), we found a 3‐day shift in average peak date for every increment of 80 cumulative thawing degree‐days. Interestingly, we found a linear relationship between temperature and arthropod biomass only below temperature thresholds. Higher temperatures were associated with higher peak and seasonal biomass below 106 and 177 cumulative thawing degree‐days, respectively, between June 5 and July 15. Beyond these thresholds, no relationship was observed between temperature and arthropod biomass. Our results suggest that prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures can positively influence prey availability for some arctic birds. This positive effect could, in part, stem from changes in arthropod assemblages and may reduce the risk of trophic mismatch.

Anticorrosive properties in 1020 steel of an alkaloid-rich extract obtained from the jaborandi biomass (Pilocarpus microphyllus staff ex wardlew) of the pilocarpine industrial production chain - Francisco Marcelino Almeida de Araújo; Emely Thainara Almeida de Araújo; Miguel Gomes Cardoso; Bruno Silva Sá; Leiz Maria Costa Veras; Andreanne Gomes Vasconcelos; David Fernandes Lima; João Gonçalves; Augusto Batagin-Neto; Luciene Costa Vasconcelos; Massimo Lucarini; Alessandra Durazzo; et al. (Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali, 2024)

Ocean surface radiation measurement best practices - Laura D. Riihimaki; Meghan F. Cronin; Raja Acharya; Nathan Anderson; John A. Augustine; Kelly A. Balmes; Patrick Berk; Roberto Bozzano; Anthony Bucholtz; Kenneth J. Connell; Christopher J. Cox; Alcide G. di Sarra; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2024)
Ocean surface radiation measurement best practices have been developed as a first step to support the interoperability of radiation measurements across multiple ocean platforms and between land and ocean networks. This document describes the consensus by a working group of radiation measurement experts from land, ocean, and aircraft communities. The scope was limited to broadband shortwave (solar) and longwave (terrestrial infrared) surface irradiance measurements for quantification of the surface radiation budget. Best practices for spectral measurements for biological purposes like photosynthetically active radiation and ocean color are only mentioned briefly to motivate future interactions between the physical surface flux and biological radiation measurement communities. Topics discussed in these best practices include instrument selection, handling of sensors and installation, data quality monitoring, data processing, and calibration. It is recognized that platform and resource limitations may prohibit incorporating all best practices into all measurements and that spatial coverage is also an important motivator for expanding current networks. Thus, one of the key recommendations is to perform interoperability experiments that can help quantify the uncertainty of different practices and lay the groundwork for a multi-tiered global network with a mix of high-accuracy reference stations and lower-cost platforms and practices that can fill in spatial gaps.

Host response signature trends in bacteraemia – authors’ response - Anna Maria Peri; Patrick N. A. Harris; David L. Paterson (Infectious Diseases, 2024)

Daily temperature fluctuation interacts with the mean temperature to increase the toxicity of a pyrethroid insecticide in a moth - Thibaut Bagni; Mélissa Bouanou; David Siaussat; Annick Maria; Annabelle Fuentes; Philippe Couzi; Manuel Massot (Chemosphere, 2024)

Exposure to toxicologically relevant atrazine concentrations impair the glycolytic function of mouse Sertoli cells through the downregulation of lactate dehydrogenase - Daniela Gomes-Andrade; Bárbara Guerra-Carvalho; David F. Carrageta; Raquel L. Bernardino; Patrícia C. Braga; Pedro F. Oliveira; Maria de Lourdes Pereira; Marco G. Alves (Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2024)

Variability and compatibility in determining soil particle size distribution by sieving, sedimentation and laser diffraction methods - Ingmar Messing; Ana Maria Mingot Soriano; David Nimblad Svensson; Jennie Barron (Soil and Tillage Research, 2024)

Assessing the response of an urban stream ecosystem to salinization under different flow regimes - Iris Madge Pimentel; Daria Baikova; Dominik Buchner; Andrea Burfeid Castellanos; Gwendoline M. David; Aman Deep; Annemie Doliwa; Una Hadžiomerović; Ntambwe A. Serge Mayombo; Sebastian Prati; Marzena Agata Spyra; Anna-Maria Vermiert; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Nitrogenous compounds, fish and plant growth were impacted by hydraulic loading rates on the aquaponic bed with açai seed (Euterpe oleracea) - Joane Natividade; Fábio Carneiro Sterzelecki; Paola Fabiana Fazzi-Gomes; Marcela Cardoso Sena; Marco Shizuo Owatari; Nuno Filipe Alves Correia De Melo; Maria De Lourdes Souza Santos; Ronald Kennedy Luz; Glauber David Almeida Palheta (Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2024)

An actor-centered, scalable land system typology for addressing biodiversity loss in the world’s tropical dry woodlands - Marie Pratzer; Patrick Meyfroidt; Marina Antongiovanni; Roxana Aragon; Germán Baldi; Stasiek Czaplicki Cabezas; Cristina A. de la Vega-Leinert; Shalini Dhyani; Jean-Christophe Diepart; Pedro David Fernandez; Stephen T. Garnett; Gregorio I. Gavier Pizarro; et al. (Global Environmental Change, 2024)

Headache in the international cohort study of mobile phone use and health (COSMOS) in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom - Eugenio Traini; Rachel B. Smith; Roel Vermeulen; Hans Kromhout; Joachim Schüz; Maria Feychting; Anssi Auvinen; Aslak Harbo Poulsen; Isabelle Deltour; David C. Muller; Joël Heller; Giorgio Tettamanti; et al. (Environmental Research, 2024)

Chemical characterization and sources of background aerosols in the eastern Mediterranean - Kalliopi Florou; Aikaterini Liangou; Christos Kaltsonoudis; Evangelos Louvaris; Antonios Tasoglou; David Patoulias; Giorgos Kouvarakis; Nikos Kalivitis; Ivan Kourtchev; Markus Kalberer; Maria Tsagkaraki; Nikolaos Mihalopoulos; et al. (Atmospheric Environment, 2024)

Effect of sampling design on characterizing surface soil fingerprinting properties - Maria Alejandra Luna Miño; Alexander J. Koiter; David A. Lobb (Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2024)

Earth’s geomagnetic environment—progress and gaps in understanding, prediction, and impacts - Hermann J. Opgenoorth; Robert Robinson; Chigomezyo M. Ngwira; Katherine Garcia Sage; Maria Kuznetsova; Mostafa El Alaoui; David Boteler; Jennifer Gannon; James Weygand; Viacheslav Merkin; Katariina Nykyri; Burcu Kosar; et al. (Advances in Space Research, 2024)

Damage to tropical forests caused by cyclones is driven by wind speed but mediated by topographical exposure and tree characteristics - Thomas Ibanez; David Bauman; Shin‐ichiro Aiba; Thomas Arsouze; Peter J. Bellingham; Chris Birkinshaw; Philippe Birnbaum; Timothy J. Curran; Saara J. DeWalt; John Dwyer; Thierry Fourcaud; Janet Franklin; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2024)
Each year, an average of 45 tropical cyclones affect coastal areas and potentially impact forests. The proportion of the most intense cyclones has increased over the past four decades and is predicted to continue to do so. Yet, it remains uncertain how topographical exposure and tree characteristics can mediate the damage caused by increasing wind speed. Here, we compiled empirical data on the damage caused by 11 cyclones occurring over the past 40 years, from 74 forest plots representing tropical regions worldwide, encompassing field data for 22,176 trees and 815 species. We reconstructed the wind structure of those tropical cyclones to estimate the maximum sustained wind speed (MSW) and wind direction at the studied plots. Then, we used a causal inference framework combined with Bayesian generalised linear mixed models to understand and quantify the causal effects of MSW, topographical exposure to wind (EXP), tree size (DBH) and species wood density ( ρ ) on the proportion of damaged trees at the community level, and on the probability of snapping or uprooting at the tree level. The probability of snapping or uprooting at the tree level and, hence, the proportion of damaged trees at the community level, increased with increasing MSW, and with increasing EXP accentuating the damaging effects of cyclones, in particular at higher wind speeds. Higher ρ decreased the probability of snapping and to a lesser extent of uprooting. Larger trees tended to have lower probabilities of snapping but increased probabilities of uprooting. Importantly, the effect of ρ decreasing the probabilities of snapping was more marked for smaller than larger trees and was further accentuated at higher MSW. Our work emphasises how local topography, tree size and species wood density together mediate cyclone damage to tropical forests, facilitating better predictions of the impacts of such disturbances in an increasingly windier world.

Reading tea leaves worldwide: Decoupled drivers of initial litter decomposition mass‐loss rate and stabilization - Judith M. Sarneel; Mariet M. Hefting; Taru Sandén; Johan van den Hoogen; Devin Routh; Bhupendra S. Adhikari; Juha M. Alatalo; Alla Aleksanyan; Inge H. J. Althuizen; Mohammed H. S. A. Alsafran; Jeff W. Atkins; Laurent Augusto; et al. (Ecology Letters, 2024)
The breakdown of plant material fuels soil functioning and biodiversity. Currently, process understanding of global decomposition patterns and the drivers of such patterns are hampered by the lack of coherent large‐scale datasets. We buried 36,000 individual litterbags (tea bags) worldwide and found an overall negative correlation between initial mass‐loss rates and stabilization factors of plant‐derived carbon, using the Tea Bag Index (TBI). The stabilization factor quantifies the degree to which easy‐to‐degrade components accumulate during early‐stage decomposition (e.g. by environmental limitations). However, agriculture and an interaction between moisture and temperature led to a decoupling between initial mass‐loss rates and stabilization, notably in colder locations. Using TBI improved mass‐loss estimates of natural litter compared to models that ignored stabilization. Ignoring the transformation of dead plant material to more recalcitrant substances during early‐stage decomposition, and the environmental control of this transformation, could overestimate carbon losses during early decomposition in carbon cycle models.

Sex differences in interacting genetic and functional connectivity biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease - Jordan N. Williamson; Shirley A. James; Sean P. Mullen; Bradley P. Sutton; Tracey Wszalek; Beni Mulyana; Peter Mukli; Andriy Yabluchanskiy; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; et al. (GeroScience, 2024)

Host response signature trends in persistent bacteraemia and metastatic infection due to Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacilli: a prospective multicentre observational study - Anna Maria Peri; Nastaran Rafiei; Kevin O’Callaghan; Anna Brischetto; Bianca Graves; Holly Sinclair; Matthew Eustace; Karen Lim; Jill Parkes-Smith; Adam Stewart; Natalie Davidson; Alexis Tabah; et al. (Infectious Diseases, 2024)

Cu transport and complexation by the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum: Implications for trace metal complexation kinetics in the surface ocean - Melchor González-Dávila; Maria T. Maldonado; Aridane G. González; Jian Guo; David González-Santana; Antera Martel; J. Magdalena Santana-Casiano (Science of The Total Environment, 2024)

Sudden arrival of marine litter on the northeastern coast of Brazil: Physical forcings and associated transport - Marcio M. Cintra; Jacqueline S. Silva-Cavalcanti; Maria Christina B. Araújo; Piero L.F. Mazzini; Marcelo Rollnic; David Mendes (Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2024)

Correction to: The Kelp Forest Challenge: A collaborative global movement to protect and restore 4 million hectares of kelp forests - Aaron Eger; J. David Aguirre; María Altamirano; Nur Arafeh‑Dalmau; Nina Larissa Arroyo; Anne M. Bauer‑Civiello; Rodrigo Beas‑Luna; Trine Bekkby; Alecia Bellgrove; Scott Bennett; Blanca Bernal; Caitlin O. Blain; et al. (Journal of Applied Phycology, 2024)

The Kelp Forest ﻿Challenge: A collaborative global movement to protect and restore 4 million hectares of kelp forests - Aaron Eger; J. David Aguirre; María Altamirano; Nur Arafeh-Dalmau; Nina Larissa Arroyo; Anne M. Bauer-Civiello; Rodrigo Beas-Luna; Trine Bekkby; Alecia Bellgrove; Scott Bennett; Blanca Bernal; Caitlin O. Blain; et al. (Journal of Applied Phycology, 2024)
Marine kelp forests cover 1/3 of our world's coastlines, are heralded as a nature-based solution to address socio-environmental issues, connect hundreds of millions of people with the ocean, and support a rich web of biodiversity throughout our oceans. But they are increasingly threatened with some areas reporting over 90% declines in kelp forest cover in living memory. Despite their importance and the threats they face, kelp forests are entirely absent from the international conservation dialogue. No international laws, policies, or targets focus on kelp forests and very few countries consider them in their national policy. The Kelp Forest Challenge addresses that gap. Together with 252 kelp experts, professionals, and citizens from 25 countries, the Kelp Forest Challenge was developed as a grassroots vision of what the world can achieve for kelp forest conservation. It is a global call to restore 1 million and protect 3 million hectares of kelp forests by 2040. This is a monumental challenge, that will require coordination across multiple levels of society and the mobilization of immense resources. Pledges may therefore include area for protection or restoration, enabling pledges which assist in conservation (funding, equipment, professional expertise, capacity building), or awareness-based pledges which increase awareness or education about kelp forests. Correspondingly, participants may be from government, scientific institutions, private sector, NGOs, community groups, or individuals. This challenge is the beginning of a 17-year mission to save our kelp forests and anyone and any organisation is invited to participate.

Public opinion about solar radiation management: A cross-cultural study in 20 countries around the world - Nadja Contzen; Goda Perlaviciute; Linda Steg; Sophie Charlotte Reckels; Susana Alves; David Bidwell; Gisela Böhm; Marino Bonaiuto; Li-Fang Chou; Victor Corral-Verdugo; Federica Dessi; Thomas Dietz; et al. (Climatic Change, 2024)
Some argue that complementing climate change mitigation measures with solar radiation management (SRM) might prove a last resort to limit global warming to 1.5 °C. To make a socially responsible decision on whether to use SRM, it is important to consider also public opinion, across the globe and particularly in the Global South, which would face the greatest risks from both global warming and SRM. However, most research on public opinion about SRM stems from the Global North. We report findings from the first large-scale, cross-cultural study on the public opinion about SRM among the general public ( N = 2,248) and students ( N = 4,583) in 20 countries covering all inhabited continents, including five countries from the Global South and five ‘non-WEIRD’ (i.e. not Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich, and Democratic) countries from the Global North. As public awareness of SRM is usually low, we provided participants with information on SRM, including key arguments in favour of and against SRM that appear in the scientific debate. On average, acceptability of SRM was significantly higher in the Global South than in the ‘non-WEIRD’ Global North, while acceptability in the ‘WEIRD’ Global North was in between. However, we found substantial variation within these clusters, especially in the ‘non-WEIRD’ Global North, suggesting that countries do not form homogenous clusters and should thus be considered individually. Moreover, the average participants’ views, while generally neither strong nor polarised, differed from some expert views in important ways, including that participants perceived SRM as only slightly effective in limiting global warming. Still, our data suggests overall a conditional, reluctant acceptance. That is, while on average, people think SRM would have mostly negative consequences, they may still be willing to tolerate it as a potential last resort to fight global warming, particularly if they think SRM has only minor negative (or even positive) impacts on humans and nature.