Integrated Albian-Cenomanian calcareous nannofossil and planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and paleoceanography of southern high latitude IODP sites drilled on Naturaliste Plateau (southeast Indian Ocean) - Brian T. Huber; David K. Watkins; Maria Rose Petrizzo (Cretaceous Research, 2027)

Collaborative science narrows knowledge gaps in marine biological invasions to advance a national framework - Romeu S. Ribeiro; Cristina Espírito Santo; Susana Celestino; Marta Mamede; João J. Castro; Teresa Cruz; Teresa Silva; David Jacinto; Cátia Bartilotti; Jorge Lobo-Arteaga; Miriam Tuaty-Guerra; João Canning-Clode; et al. (Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2026)

Money, meaning, and territory: family business groups and agro-extractive systems in Latin America - Maria-Dorothea Wolf; David L. Kornbluth Camblor; Manuel Bayón Jiménez; Michael Lukas; Michael Janoschka (The Extractive Industries and Society, 2026)

Impact-induced melting of materials with sparse thermodynamic data: The case of native sulfur on Mars - Luca Maggioni; William Rapin; David Baratoux; Olivier Forni; Michelangelo Formisano; Gianfranco Magni; Maria Cristina De Sanctis; Francesca Altieri (Icarus, 2026)

Developing novel hybrid reefs to provide both wave energy reduction and opportunities for ecological restoration - Benjamin K. Norris; Borja G. Reguero; Camila Gaido-Lasserre; David Gutierrez-Barcelo; Joseph Bartolai; Michael A. Yukish; Landolf Rhode-Barbarigos; Brian K. Haus; Taylor Squires; Gabriel Barajas Ojeda; Maria Maza; Javier L. Lara; et al. (Coastal Engineering, 2026)

Muscle architecture and functional anatomy of the extrinsic thoracic limb muscles in a semiarboreal xenarthran (Tamandua mexicana) - María José Monroy-Cendales; Juan Fernando Velez-García; Fabian Enrique Castañeda-Herrera; Roman David Castañeda-Serrano; Maria Angelica Miglino (Zoomorphology, 2026)
Tamandua mexicana is a mammal belonging to Xenarthrans, with high interest in medicine, conservation, and evolutionary studies. It has semiarboreal locomotion with specific adaptations to allow its movement on different substrates. To carry out this type of locomotion, the extrinsic muscles that allow scapular stabilization as well as retraction and protraction movements are essential. Despite their importance, no studies have analyzed the anatomy and muscle architecture of this species. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the macroscopic anatomy and muscle architecture of the extrinsic thoracic limb muscles in T. mexicana . Four specimens were dissected and fixed in 10% diluted formalin. Once the origins and insertions were described, the muscles were removed and immersed in 30% nitric acid for 96 h and 50% glycerin for 2 h. Photographs were taken to measure the length of the fibers and the muscle belly via ImageJ software, and the Lf/Lm ratio was then calculated. Finally, for statistical analysis, the muscles were classified according to their primary function (retractors, protractors, and adductors), and descriptive statistics (mean ratio and SD) were calculated for each muscle group and individual muscle. The trapezius and brachiocephalicus muscles were found to be fused, as were the serratus ventralis thoracis and rhomboideus cervicis muscles. Two pectoralis profundus muscles were found. In terms of the ratio, all muscles and groups had ratios >0.5. Thus, the anatomy and architecture of the extrinsic thoracic limb muscles in T. mexicana could respond to ontogenetic and evolutionary factors that make it a better adaptation for movement in trees.

Forecasting size-at-maturity shifts under global warming: a case study on European hake, a widely distributed species - David José Nachón; Eduardo Ramírez-Romero; Anxo Paz; Marta Cousido-Rocha; Francisco Izquierdo; Maria Grazia Pennino; Santiago Cerviño (Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2026)
As global temperatures rise, the life-history traits of many marine species are changing, with important implications for fish stocks, ecosystems, and fisheries. In fish populations, both plastic and genetic adaptations in traits like body size and maturity timing are influenced by fishing pressures and environmental changes. As ectothermic animals, fish rely on external temperatures to regulate physiological processes, making them vulnerable to warming oceans. While shifts in fish distribution and abundance have received considerable attention, changes in size-at-maturity remain less studied. This study investigates how warming seas influence size-at-maturity, a key indicator of reproductive value and stock productivity, using European hake ( Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 1758)), as a case study. We compiled a dataset spanning 1925–2021, including size-at-maturity records and corresponding temperature data. This dataset covers temperature ranges from the North Atlantic to the Mediterranean, providing a comprehensive look at the hake’s habitat. Using Generalized Additive Models (GAMs), we identified a consistent negative correlation between temperature and size-at-maturity, aligning with theories like James’ Rule and the Temperature-Size Rule (TSR). Under climate change projections (RCP 4.5 and 8.5), our results suggest that size-at-maturity in European hake may decrease by 4–9 cm by 2100, although the extent of this reduction varies across areas. These findings have significant implications not only for European hake, a key fishery resource, but also for other demersal species that may similarly experience reduced size-at-maturity in warming seas. This study highlights the need for adaptive management strategies to address climate change effects on marine ecosystems and fisheries.

From bycatch to litter: a systematic map of the ecological impacts of fishing in European seas - Esther D. Beukhof; Sven Sebastian Uhlmann; Karin J. van der Reijden; Aikaterini Anastasopoulou; Miren Altuna-Etxabe; Amaia Astarloa; Oihane C. Basurko; Logan Binch; Joanna K. Bluemel; Pierluigi Carbonara; Grete E. Dinesen; Ole R. Eigaard; et al. (Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 2026)

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor deficiency leads to sex- and age-dependent colonic dysmotility in mice - Alicia Valls; David Verdú; Sol Guerra-Ojeda; Teresa San-Miguel; Andrea Suarez; Javier Pereda; Verónica Gómez-Jiménez; José Viña; Maria D Mauricio; Eva Serna (Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2026)
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in xenobiotic sensing and multiple physiological functions, including intestinal homeostasis. Aging is associated with reduced colonic motility and constipation, but the contribution of AhR to intestinal motor function across sex and age remains incompletely defined. We performed a phenotypic characterization of AhR-deficient (AhR −/− ) and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J mice in both sexes at two ages (young: 4–6 months; adult: 12–13 months). Lifespan, body weight, food and water intake were monitored longitudinally. Body composition (DXA), hematological parameters, fecal output features (number, length, moisture and stool color analysis), ex vivo colonic function in organ bath (spontaneous peristalsis with or without L-NAME and responses to acetylcholine and norepinephrine), histological muscle thickness, and molecular markers (PGP9.5 and NOS1 protein; Nos1 , Nos2 , Aqp1/3/4/8 , Il6 , Il10 gene expression) were assessed. AhR −/− mice exhibited reduced survival and attenuated body weight gain, particularly in females, without differences in food consumption but with increased water intake. Fecal length and moisture were unchanged; however, AhR −/− females displayed fewer stools at both ages. Ex vivo, spontaneous peristaltic amplitude was selectively reduced in AhR −/− females at both ages, whereas males were unaffected. L-NAME increased spontaneous peristalsis in WT males but not in AhR −/− males, suggesting impaired nitrergic modulation in the absence of AhR. Acetylcholine-induced contraction was reduced in young AhR −/− females but not in adults. Histology revealed reduced colonic muscle thickness in young AhR −/− females only, accompanied by decreased PGP9.5 protein expression. Gene expression showed sex- and age-dependent changes in Nos1 / Nos2 , aquaporins, and inflammatory markers. AhR deficiency leads to a sex-dependent colonic motor phenotype predominantly affecting females, integrating functional impairment with early neuromuscular remodeling and altered neural markers. These findings support AhR as a regulator of intestinal motor function with potential relevance to age-related dysmotility.

Effectiveness of dietary modifications in reversing damage induced by high-fat diet in rats - Manuel Jiménez-García; Maria Magdalena Quetglas-Llabrés; Susana Esteban-Valdés; Maria del Mar Ribas-Taberner; Antoni Sureda Gomila; David Moranta Mesquida; Silvia Tejada-Gavela (Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2026)
Excessive dietary fat intake is a major health concern, contributing to the increasing prevalence of Metabolic Dysfunction Associated with Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) worldwide; different prevalence between sexes has been postulated but it is not clear. This study evaluated the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) in Wistar rats and the impact of a transition to standard or antioxidant-rich diets in the same animals, exploring differences between sexes. Female and male animals were maintained for 5 months: control (chow diet) and HFD groups throughout the study, and two intervention groups switched after 3 months from HFD to standard or antioxidant-rich diets. Body weight was monitored, hepatic lipid accumulation, plasma levels of glucose, advanced glycation end-products, interleukin-6, and polyphenolic content, and hepatic oxidative stress markers (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde) were measured, along with gene expression related to inflammation and lipid metabolism. HFD significantly increased body weight (females: 123.9 ± 13.57 g; males: 163.1 ± 9.97 g) and hepatic lipid accumulation (female proportion: 9.4 ± 0.4; male proportion: 10.5 ± 0.2) compared with control group (females: 28.96 ± 3.95 g; males: 86.29 ± 3.79 g, p < 0.01; 0% lipid deposits for both sexes), with higher effect on body weight in females. Dietary intervention led to a significant reduction in both parameters and for both sexes. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and gene expression analysis showed that dietary modification reversed HFD-induced adverse effects in these parameters, restoring levels comparable to controls; with more consistent effects in animals of both sexes that switched to an antioxidant-rich diet. Indeed, this antioxidant-rich diet group showed higher levels of plasma polyphenols (females: 6.28 ± 0.46 ng/L; males: 6.85 ± 0.49 ng/L, p < 0.001) and a better antioxidant and inflammatory gene expression profile even compared with the group that switched to a chow diet. Overall, dietary modification mitigates several adverse effects of HFD, with antioxidant-rich diets showing greater efficacy across multiple endpoints, with similar effects in both sexes.

Prognostic value of circulating glypican-4 in chronic heart failure - Nora Schwegel; Viktoria Höller; Viktoria Santner; David Kajetan Zach; Jakob Lugitsch; Axel Muendlein; Eva Maria Brandtner; Andreas Leiherer; Heinz Drexel; Arthur Mader; Andrea Borenich; Stefan Pilz; et al. (Journal of Molecular Medicine, 2026)
Glypican-4 (GPC-4), an endothelial cell surface protein, is released into the circulation in the context of ischemia, inflammation, neurohumoral activity, and shear stress. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of GPC-4 in chronic heart failure. GPC-4 concentrations were determined in two prospective cohorts: patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), and with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). Multivariable Cox regression analyses were adjusted for age, sex, estimated glomerular filtration rate, N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide, and left ventricular ejection fraction. In HFrEF ( n = 205, median age 66 years, 22% women), 58 patients (28%) died, 18 (9%) from cardiovascular cause, and 46 patients (22%) were hospitalized for worsening heart failure (WHF) during 4.2 years follow-up. In ATTR-CM ( n = 121, median age 76 years, 12% women), 34 patients (28%) died, 12 (10%) from cardiovascular cause, and 32 patients (26%) had a WHF hospitalization during 2.2 years follow-up. Baseline GPC-4 (median [interquartile range]) levels were 1553 (1041, 1950) pg/ml in HFrEF, and 2071 (1579, 2893) pg/mL in ATTR-CM. In HFrEF, GPC-4 was independently associated with all-cause mortality (HR 1.69, 95%CI 1.22–2.32, p = 0.003) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.61, 95%CI 1.01–2.56, p = 0.045), but not with WHF hospitalizations. Conclusively, in ATTR-CM, GPC-4 independently predicted all-cause mortality (HR 1.96, 95%CI 1.12–3.44, p = 0.018), but not cardiovascular mortality and WHF hospitalizations. GPC-4 carries strong prognostic value for all-cause death in chronic heart failure across various etiologies, but not for heart-failure specific outcomes. Further studies are warranted to elucidate its value in cardiovascular disease. Key messages Glypican-4 rises with ischemia, inflammation, neurohumoral activity, and shear stress. Circulating glypican-4 predicts prognosis in chronic heart failure, regardless of cause. Glypican-4 predicted all-cause death in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and restrictive cardiomyopathy, but not heart failure–specific outcomes.

Serological and molecular evaluation of Senecavirus A (SVA) in pigs from farrow-to-finish farms in Minas Gerais, Brazil - Júnio César Santos; Emelly Barbosa Calheiros; Leonardo Teófilo Toledo; Ugonna Henry Uzoka; Fernanda Simone Marks; Wagnner José Nascimento Porto; Alessandra Abel Borges; João Alberto Farinelli Pantaleão; Maria Isabel Isabel Maldonado Coelh Guedes; Carlos Eduardo Real Pereira; David Germano Goncalves Schwarz; Abelardo Silva-Júnior (Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 2026)
The emergence of Senecavirus A (SVA) as a causative agent of vesicular diseases in pigs is noteworthy, since it was identified in 2014 through outbreaks in Brazil. The SVA belongs to the Picornaviridae family and is a non-enveloped virus with the ability to adapt to the environment. As the virus’s stability allows it to persist on farms post-outbreak, maintaining stringent biosecurity measures is crucial for effective control. This study aims to evaluate antibody response and viral RNA shedding in swine farms. Blood and fecal samples were collected from pigs in 2022 on farms that experienced outbreaks in 2015 and 2016. The sampled pigs were from farrow-to-finish farms without clinical signs of SVA obtained from five farms in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, covering all production phases: sows, farrowing, nursery piglets, growing, and finishing pigs. Real-time PCR and serum neutralization tests were conducted. Antibodies against SVA were detected in all production phases from four of the positive farms, with sows showing the highest antibody prevalence. Viral RNA was found in fecal samples from two farms, with the farrowing phase pigs exhibiting the highest viral RNA positivity. These findings indicate the presence of SVA infection on farms with no clinical signs, suggesting that the virus may have persisted following previous outbreaks due to its environmental stability. This study provides a comprehensive profile of antibody and viral RNA presence across different production phases, which may be applicable for informing biosafety measures.

Exploring heterogeneous motivations for adopting cow comfort practices among smallholder dairy farmers in Kenya – A best-worst scaling approach - Emmanuel Muunda; John VanLeeuwen; Maria Camila Ceballos; Caroline Ritter; Elizaphan James O. Rao; David C. Hall (Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2026)

Ready-to-eat meat foods as potential vectors for the transmission of antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus faecium - Giorgia Piccioni; Claudia Gabucci; Andrea Di Cesare; Raffaella Sabatino; Tomasa Sbaffi; Gianmarco Mangiaterra; Maria Assunta Meli; Carla Roselli; Célia M. Manaia; Ivone Vaz-Moreira; David Savelli; Cinzia Lorenzetti; et al. (International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2026)

Suppression of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by Pseudomonas fluorescens A506 on romaine lettuce leaves is independent of iron competition - Tongzhou Xu; Mehmet Dogan; David Mann; Viktor Tishchenko; Maria T. Brandl; Xiangyu Deng (International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2026)

Regenerative coffee management increases soil macroarthropods alpha diversity in the Cerrado - Hugo Felipe da Silva; Ellen Batista Dundas Chaves; David Gabriel Campos Pereira; Keminy Ribett Bautz; Vanessa Maria de Souza Barros; Murilo Ferre de Mello; Rafael da Silva Teixeira; Raphael Bragança Alves Fernandes; Teogenes Senna de Oliveira (Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2026)

Pan-continental assessment of socioeconomic and environmental predictors of PFAS occurrence in European rivers from a harmonised monitoring study - Jun Li; Alistair B.A. Boxall; Caroline Swan; Selwyn Hoeks; Racliffe W.S. Lai; John L. Wilkinson; Recep C. Altinbag; Åsa Arrhenius; Roman Ashauer; Thomas Backhaus; Besnik Baraj; Vasiliki G. Beretsou; et al. (Water Research, 2026)

Preference instability in stated choice surveys: More evidence - Romain Crastes dit Sourd; Stephane Hess; Maria Borejesson; David Hensher (Travel Behaviour and Society, 2026)

Historic drought in northern Kenya shifts diet and mobility away from traditional pastoralism as resource security and nutrition falter - Asher Y. Rosinger; Matthew Douglass; Amanda McGrosky; Kedir Teji Roba; Benjamin Davies; Natalie Meriwether; Alfredo J. Rojas; Leslie Ford; Hannah Jacobson; Faith Wambua; Elena Hinz; Srishti Sadhir; et al. (Global Environmental Change, 2026)

Occupational exposure to bioaerosols during monk parakeet nest removal in urban parks - Anne Mette Madsen; Pieter Bertier; Hjördís Birna Árnadóttir; Margit Wagtberg; David Espejo; David Soler; Xavier Munoz; Maria Jesus Carmona Cruz; Steven Verpaele (Environmental Pollution, 2026)

Farmers' attitudes towards biodiversity shape the effectiveness of biodiversity-friendly management practices for wild bees, but not plants and spiders - Jeroen Scheper; David Kleijn; Fabian Klebl; Anneli Adler; András Báldi; Ignasi Bartomeus; Vincent Bretagnolle; J.P. Reinier De Vries; Sabrina Gaba; Maura Ganz; José M. Herrera; Felix Herzog; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2026)

Economic impacts and farming system responses to the first detection of coffee leaf rust in Hawaii - Mywish K. Maredia; David L. Ortega; Caitlin Herrington; Jose Maria Martinez (Agricultural Systems, 2026)

Ruminal metabolism of serotonin metabolites in cattle - Ériton E.L. Valente; Julio C. Meyer; Maximiliane A. Zambom; Maria L. Fisher; Sidnei A. Lopes; David L. Harmon (Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 2026)

Spatial models cannot compensate for sampling designs unstructured relative to isotopic variation: implications for baseline isoscape development in the Mediterranean Sea - Sarah Magozzi; Clive N. Trueman; Matthew R.D. Cobain; Kirsteen M. MacKenzie; Katie St. John Glew; José A. Canseco; Eric Díaz-Delgado; Emanuela Fanelli; Paola Rumolo; Joan E. Cartes; Boris Espinasse; Davide Agnetta; et al. (Progress in Oceanography, 2026)

A mixed methods approach to better understand and steer multifunctional forestry in mountain regions of Europe - Maria Nijnik; Mariana Melnykovych; Simone Martino; Simo Sarkki; Albert Nijnik; Serhiy Kopiy; Leonid Kopiy; Katy Joyce; Chen Wang; Sam Poskitt; David Miller (Forest Policy and Economics, 2026)

Longitudinal blood pressure changes in relation to urinary toxic/essential metals and metal mixtures - Margaret C. Weiss; Jiehuan Sun; Brian P. Jackson; Mary E. Turyk; Luyu Wang; Eric L. Brown; David Aguilar; Sharon A. Brown; Craig L. Hanis; Maria Argos; Robert M. Sargis (Environmental Research, 2026)

Standardized microhaplotype databases and frameworks for assessing and mining crop genetic diversity - Dongyan Zhao; Meng Lin; Cristiane H. Taniguti; Alexander M. Sandercock; Shufen Chen; Ebrahiem Babiker; Nahla V. Bassil; E. Charles Brummer; Jose Roberto Camacho; Warren Chatwin; Shu-Yun Chen; Shaun J. Clare; et al. (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2026)
Keymessage Standardized microhaplotype databases for eight diverse crops enable multiallelic analyses, comparative genetics, and breeding decisions. Abstract Microhaplotypes are short genomic segments that contain multiple tightly linked variants, providing multi-allelic data that can enhance genetic resolution compared to traditional biallelic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Here, we present the creation and utilization of separate microhaplotype databases for eight crop species representing diverse genome sizes, ploidy levels, and breeding systems. We developed a standardized, species-agnostic pipeline for processing, filtering, and databasing microhaplotypes generated using the DArTag targeted genotyping platform. To enhance user accessibility, we developed a no-code, user-friendly application, HapApp, that uses an R Shiny front-end interface to allow breeders and researchers to add unique, standardized microhaplotype identities from raw DArTag reports and iteratively update the existing crop-specific database with the newly discovered microhaplotypes. Selected case studies with these databases highlight the operational advantages of microhaplotypes, especially for challenging, highly heterozygous, or polyploid species. They offer an informative alternative to traditional biallelic SNP analyses for resolving population structures and improving linkage map ordering. This integrated framework provides a reproducible and scalable foundation for managing and exploiting microhaplotype data in plant breeding and genetic research, enabling robust cross-project comparisons and facilitating trait discovery in both simple and complex crop genomes, while enabling comparative genomics and cross-species functional transfer that accelerates genetic gains across all crop species.

Intraspecific dietary variation in a key herbivore species (the barnacle goose, Branta leucopsis) assessed through stable isotopes: implications for nitrogen cycling in the Arctic tundra - Davide Giannini; Giulio Careddu; Simona Sporta Caputi; Filippo Gubinelli; Deborah Maccapan; Vittorio Pasquali; Rosamaria Salvatori; David Rossi; Loreto Rossi; Maria Letizia Costantini; Edoardo Calizza (Polar Biology, 2026)

A new species of Paludocyon (Carnivora: Amphicyonidae) from the early Middle Miocene of els Casots (Vallès-Penedès Basin, Barcelona, Spain) - Jorge Morales; Juan Abella; Alberto Valenciano; Jesús Gamarra; Josep M. Robles; Maria Gregori; David M. Alba; Isaac Casanovas-Vilar (Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 2026)
The early Middle Miocene (15.9 Ma) site of els Casots (Vallès-Penedès Basin, Catalonia, Spain) has yielded a rich vertebrate assemblage, including abundant carnivoran remains that mostly remain unpublished. Here we describe a new species of the amphicyonid genus Paludocyon based on a compressed cranium with well-preserved teeth and an isolated lower molar (m2) from els Casots. Paludocyon moyasolai sp. nov., included in the subfamily Amphicyoninae, is characterized by a notably enlarged M2, which is buccolingually broader than the M1, and by a the relatively large size of the M3, both traits being absent in other species of Paludocyon . A phylogenetic analysis, conducted on European and North American species assigned to Cynelos and Paludocyon , indicates that Cynelos is paraphyletic but supports the monophyly of Paludocyon , with the new species being recovered as its basal-most member.

The Real Life of Ataxia Patients Without a Vertical Family History: a Twenty-year Experience in South Brazil - Carlos Alberto Moura Aschoff; Thiago Oliveira Silva; Ali Hasan; Elaine Migliorini; Karina Carvalho Donis; Rare Genomes Project Consortium; David Pellerin; Maria Luiza Saraiva-Pereira; Sandra Leistner; Fabiano Poswar; Roberto Giugliani; Cristina Brinckmann Oliveira Netto; et al. (The Cerebellum, 2026)
Studies of hereditary ataxias (HA) without vertical family history are necessary for designing diagnostic protocols. We described the 20 years’ experience of a Brazilian reference service with these cases through a retrospective cohort study of subjects evaluated from 2002 to 2020 in a university hospital. Tests for Friedreich ataxia, alpha-fetoprotein, common dominant ataxias, and brain imaging were the first steps, whereas ataxia Sanger panel, exome or genome sequencings (NGS) were the last ones. The outcomes were: diagnosis; no diagnosis after NGS; or incomplete diagnostic investigation. Diagnoses and diagnostic yields were also presented. 174 subjects started investigation and 120 came to the second visit: 45/120 received a diagnosis, 12/120 finished their investigation without a diagnosis, and 63/120 were incompletely investigated. Higher-than-expected proportions of white subjects and of people coming from small communities were found. Most common diagnoses were Friedreich ataxia, ataxia-telangiectasia, Coenzyme Q10 deficiency, Niemann-Pick type C, ataxia with oculoapraxia type 2, and spinocerebellar ataxia type 2. Thirty-two subjects were investigated by NGS; among them, 5/7 ataxia Sanger panels, 9/17 exome and 1/7 genome sequencings got a molecular diagnosis, with diagnostic yields of 71.4%, 52.9% and 14%, respectively. The high proportion of patients lost to follow-up, cases with incomplete investigation and white individuals suggest problems in the access to healthcare. Exome and Sanger panels were the most efficient methods for reaching a diagnosis. The fact they are not easily available in the public health system is an important barrier to overcome, hopefully soon.

Behavioral pharmacology of isolated cannabidiol in animal models of autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review - Iara Késsila Milhome Vasconcelos; Maria Helena da Silva Pitombeira; David Ribeiro Fontenele; Quezia Damaris Jones Severino Vasconcelos; Gislei Frota Aragão (Psychopharmacology, 2026)

Integrated multitissue analysis reveals distinct oxidative stress responses during recovery from cold shock in the Amazonian fish Colossoma macropomum - Naiara Melo; Isaac Konig; Stefania Priscilla de Souza; Maria Fernanda Aquino Freitas; Daniella Aparecida de Jesus Paula; Ronald Kennedy Luz; Priscila Vieira Rosa; Luis David Solis Murgas (Journal of Fish Biology, 2026)
Tambaqui ( Colossoma macropomum ) is a tropical fish widely cultivated in South America. The increasing demand for this species has heightened interest in its cultivation in subtropical regions with greater thermal variability, where cold shock may induce oxidative stress. This study evaluated the effects of cold shock and subsequent recovery on antioxidant enzyme activity, which included superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S‐transferase (GST) and oxidative damage biomarkers (lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl) in different tissues of juvenile tambaqui exposed to cold shock at 20°C for 24 h. Samples were collected before temperature reduction (baseline) and at 1, 24 and 48 h after returning to 28°C (recovery phase). Because sampling was restricted to the recovery period, the biomarkers primarily reflected post‐stressor physiological reorganization. Recovery responses were strongly tissue‐specific. The liver exhibited the broadest biomarker modulation, whereas the gills showed the highest integrated disturbance and the earliest response according to Integrated Biomarker Response version 2 (IBRv2). The brain displayed the clearest tendency towards restoration of basal redox homeostasis, while the intestine and muscle retained oxidative demands during later recovery. These findings demonstrate that post‐cold recovery in juvenile tambaqui is a dynamic and tissue‐dependent process and highlight the importance of multibiomarker and multitissue approaches for physiological monitoring and thermal stress assessment in tropical aquaculture species.

Synthesis of Pollinator‐Friendly Management in European Protected Areas - Gabriella Süle; András Báldi; David Kleijn; Ingolf Steffan‐Dewenter; Matthias Albrecht; Péter Batáry; Carolin Biegerl; Petr Bogusch; Veronika Braunisch; Jörn Buse; Andree Cappellari; Tristan Eckerter; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2026)
Pollinators are important to humans and nature due to their role in ecosystem functioning and services. Research on the effects of pollinator management in protected areas is insufficient compared with that on farmlands and urban areas, potentially hindering appropriate policy implementation. We addressed this knowledge gap by conducting a data‐based synthesis on measures to promote pollinators (especially bees, butterflies, and flies) across European protected areas. To compare the effects of management practices that enhance pollinators (pollinator‐friendly; treatment) and those not focused on pollinators (conventional; control) in protected areas, we used vegetation, floral resource, and pollinator datasets. Our synthesis involved 10 countries, 34 datasets, and 639 sampling sites with different management activities (land abandonment, mowing, grazing, mulching, flower sowing, gap creation, and uprooting and girdling trees) and habitats (grasslands, forests, reed beds, and sandpits). Pooled analysis indicated that pollinator‐friendly management had mainly neutral effects on floral resources and pollinators, with some positive effects but no negative effects. Dataset‐level details revealed mostly neutral effects from pollinator‐friendly management with some positive (15%) and fewer negative (3%) effects. Management slightly improved pollinator overall abundance and species richness, particularly for butterflies and wild bees (excluding bumblebees). Comparing our synthesis with previous studies suggests that implementing management practices for pollinators in protected areas is more challenging than in farmlands and cities, possibly because protected areas already host higher quality habitats. Alternatively, pollinator‐friendly approaches commonly implemented in protected areas may be insufficient. Although the Nature Restoration Regulation provides new opportunities for pollinator conservation, implementation will require careful planning for target areas, as effective management, including pollinator requirements, requires more focused and context‐specific measures than those applied in cities and farmlands. Although focused on Europe, our synthesis provides broadly applicable lessons for pollinator conservation in other highly modified landscapes but with adaptation to local ecological and socioeconomic conditions.

Integrated Study of Polyethylene Microplastic Degradation and Its Interaction with the Insecticide Imidacloprid: Chronic Toxicity to Daphnia similis - Maria Eduarda Kiihl; Thandy Junio da Silva Pinto; Mariana Amaral Dias; Cassiana Carolina Montagner; Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola; David Silva Alexandre (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2026)
The presence of microplastics (MPs) in freshwater environments represents a growing environmental concern due to their persistence and ability to interact with contaminants such as pesticides. This study evaluated the influence of photodegradation on the toxicity of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs), alone and combined with the pesticide Imidacloprid (IMI), on the cladoceran Daphnia similis . Microparticles of polyethylene were aged under UV-C radiation for 94 days and subsequently characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Surface analysis indicated polymer degradation through cracks and cavities, and increased surface roughness, while FTIR analyses showed polymer oxidation. Ecotoxicological results revealed that pristine MPs significantly reduced survival by 90% at 80 mg L −1 , while photodegraded MPs caused more pronounced sublethal effects, particularly on reproduction, with a 69.8% reduction in neonates at 140 mg L −1 . When associated with IMI, significant reductions in reproduction were observed, with a decrease of up to 75.7% in the number of neonates. However, the presence of IMI attenuated the toxicity of PE-MPs, evidencing an antagonistic interaction between the contaminants, particularly at concentrations of 80 and 140 mg L −1 of pristine PE-MPs. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the interactions between MPs and pesticides, as well as the state of particle degradation, significantly modulate ecotoxicological effects, posing a potential risk to the ecological integrity of aquatic ecosystems.

Mercury concentrations in cephalopods from the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean in relation to their biology, habitat and trophic position - Marius Lespinas; José C. Xavier; Paco Bustamante; José P. Queirós; David R. Thompson; Pedro Coelho; Maria Eduarda Pereira; José Seco (Marine Environmental Research, 2026)

Process-based interpretation of groundwater arsenic mobility via oxidative and reductive dissolution in a complex mine-waste system - Maria Prieto-Espinoza; David M. Hilger; David Wilson; Carol J. Ptacek; David W. Blowes (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2026)

Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with key metabolic cardiovascular disease risk factors. The tromsø study - Gunhild Øygard Fosse; Sandra Huber; Guri Grimnes; David A. Leon; Jan Brox; Rolf Jorde; Anne-Lise Bjørke-Monsen; Anne Elise Eggen; Maria Averina (Environmental Research, 2026)

Multi-agent simulation of Sphenophorus levis infestation and natural biological control with Beauveria bassiana and Steinernema brazilense in sugarcane cultivation - Rayanna Barroso de Oliveira Alves; Diego Bogado Tomasiello; Cláudia Maria de Almeida; David Luciano Rosalen; Luiz Henrique Pereira; Hernande Pereira da Silva; Cesar Leandro Rodrigues (Ecological Modelling, 2026)

Antibacterial and cell-instructive chitosan/NeoNectin hydrogels crosslinked via click chemistry enable osteogenic differentiation within ultra-soft matrices - Daniel Cabrerizo-Aguado; Federica Barbugian; Maria-Pau Ginebra; Xinru Wang; David Baker; Jose Maria Manero; Jordi Guillem-Marti (Carbohydrate Polymers, 2026)

Intracellular debranching enzymes from Cellulomonas sp. B6 enable efficient arabino- and glucuronoxylan breakdown - Ornella Mailen Ontañon; Juliana Topalian; Mercedes Maria Garrido; David Leudo Orozco; Malena Landoni; Laura Emilce Navas; Victoria Mariel Hracek; Leticia Soledad Guidolin; María Laura Cerutti; Breeanna Rae Urbanowicz; Eleonora Campos (Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 2026)

Evaluation of gypsum as a dispersing agent for Mentha piperita L. essential oil against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, 1855 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for stored grain protection - Aleska Batista Da Silva; Karen Menezes De Oliveira; David Jossue López Espinosa; Alice Maria Nascimento Araújo; Thiago Alves Pimentel; Mariana Oliveira Breda; Roseane Cristina Predes Trindade (Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 2026)
The control of insect pests in stored grains carried out through insecticides that may select resistant populations and generate environmental risks. Secondary plant compounds are alternatives to control insect pests. However, the high volatility has been an obstacle in their practical use. This study develops natural dispersants for the application of Mentha piperit a essential oil for the control of Sitophilus zeamais (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Two types of dispersants were tested: a gypsum-based dispersant prepared with a mixture of gypsum and water molded in aluminum, and a sachet dispersant composed of polyester sachets. The efficiency of the dispersants was assessed by contact, fumigation and repellency tests. For that, unsexed S. zeamais up to 15 days old were used and evaluated after 48 h of experiment assembly. The persistence effects of the essential oil in dispersants were also evaluated. The fumigation test with essential oil in the sachet and gypsum dispersants generated, respectively, LC 50 values of 23.78 and 34.32 and LC 99 values of 54.27 and 79.28 μL. For the contact test, the sachet dispersant presented sublethal and lethal concentrations of LC 50 25.84 and LC 99 48.40 μL, respectively. However, only the 26 μL concentration was repellent for both dispersants. The repellent and fumigant effects of the sachet lasted for 15 and 24 days, while These effects observed with gypsum-based dispersants lasted 21 and 30 days, respectively. Both dispersants were considered promising due to their ability to retain and gradually release the bioactive compounds present in Mentha piperita L. essential oil, thereby enhancing fumigant and repellent effects against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, 1855 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). These results indicate that gypsum is a potential carrier material for improving the residual activity and efficacy of botanical insecticides in stored grain protection systems.

Superovulation with eCG alone or combined with the GnRH analogue buserelin improves transferable embryo production in weaned sows without affecting Day 6 embryo morphological, cellular, and transcriptomic parameters - Adelina Lopez-Jara; Manuela Garcia-Canovas; Henar Gonzalez-Ramiro; Carolina G. Cabrera-Gomez; David Gascon-Collado; Paula Blanco-Cueto; Maria A. Gil; Cristina Cuello; Inmaculada Parrilla; Emilio A. Martinez; Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez; Cristina A. Martinez-Serrano (Animal Reproduction Science, 2026)

Flux Science Without Borders: Strengthening Ecosystem Flux Capacity in Latin America - Tonantzin Tarin; M. Susana Alvarado‐Barrientos; Eugenia González del Castillo; Mónica Cervantes‐Jiménez; Zulia Sánchez‐Mejía; Alejandro Cueva; Alejandro Delgado‐Guerrero; Dulce Flores‐Renteria; Jaime Garatuza‐Payan; César Hinojo‐Hinojo; Karem Meza; David J. P. Moore; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2026)
The future of how we understand and manage ecosystems largely depends on direct and continuous observations that connect local territories to planetary processes. Latin America (LATAM: Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean) hosts ecosystems critical for regulating global carbon, water, and energy cycles. However, persistent underinvestment in science and technology hampers the long‐term monitoring capacity needed to advance regional priorities. Addressing the climate crisis requires investing in local researchers, technicians, and students, providing Earth System Science training that integrates biophysical and sociocultural knowledge. Although English is the lingua franca of science, training in native languages accelerates technical capacity, strengthens regional collaboration, and grounds solutions in local experience. Here, we present TAFE ( Taller de Aprendizaje de Flujos Ecosistémicos ) as an example of how regionally grounded, native‐languages training can strengthen ecosystem flux science in LATAM and beyond. Such initiatives help decentralize knowledge, reduce the underrepresentation of Global South ecosystems in flux databases, and empower the next generation to lead research for both regional and global benefit.

Providing regular and frequent maps of losses and gains of farmland birds based on European monitoring data - Sergi Herrando; Guillem Pocull; Sara Fraixedas; Anna Gamero; David Martí; Oriol Solà; Dani Villero; Verena Keller; Petr Voříšek; Alena Klvaňová; Gabriel Gargallo; Vitalie Ajder; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2026)
Knowledge of species distributions is essential for informing policies on nature conservation and restoration. However, updating them on a regular basis and doing so in a harmonized manner at the international level is difficult. The European Bird Census Council integrated national monitoring data covering 5 years to update farmland bird distributions and assessed how they changed. We used these data on 50 farmland bird species to generate 10×10 km maps showing their probability of occurrence from 2018 to 2022. We produced these maps with weighted ensemble species distribution models. We also developed models for the previous 5 years and plotted the differences in probabilities of occurrence per 10 × 10‐km area between the two periods as calibrated change maps. We evaluated model performance at continental and regional levels and interpreted changes in probability of occurrence in relation to known abundance trends. Models showed good predictive performance (mean AUC ≈ 0.84; mean squared error ≈ 0.13). Change estimates were reliable for 43 species (high accuracy, low bias), and distribution changes were positively correlated with independent abundance trends (Pearson's r ≈ 0.50). Thus, the distribution maps for the two periods accurately captured species’ distribution patterns and their temporal changes for all species at the European scale and for the majority of species in all regions except southeastern Europe. Among the 43 species with reliable estimates, predicted occurrences declined for 33 species, increased for nine, and were the same for one species. For most species, the direction of change in distribution was consistent with changes in species overall abundance in the same period, except for four species. Overall, our results indicated a recent contraction of farmland bird distributions in Europe, highlighting the strong capacity of existing bird monitoring networks to provide continent‐wide species maps that can be updated regularly.

Lessons learned from the “spot the alien” citizen science campaign (2022–2025) in Maltese waters and the second record of Cephalopholis hemistiktos in the Mediterranean - Alan Deidun; Laura Prieto Gomez; Adam Gauci; Audrey Zammit; David Fernando Ramirez Montano; Maria Corsini-Foka; Bruno Zava; Alessio Marrone (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2026)
Introduction Citizen science is increasingly recognised as a valuable approach for monitoring marine non-indigenous species (NIS), range-expanding species (RES), and cryptogenic taxa. This study evaluates the outcomes of the Spot the Alien campaign in Maltese waters between 2022 and 2025. Methods A total of 441 expert-validated records of 30 NIS, RES and cryptogenic species were analysed to assess temporal and spatial reporting patterns, species richness, habitat and observation-method associations, reporting hotspots, and the influence of outreach activities. Results Reporting effort and species richness increased throughout the study, with 2025 yielding the highest number of records. Species accumulation and rarefaction analyses indicated that the campaign documented a substantial proportion of the detectable target fauna. Reporting patterns varied significantly among seasons, habitats, and observer groups, highlighting the influence of both ecological factors and reporting behaviour. The campaign also produced the second Mediterranean record of the Indo-Pacific grouper Cephalopholis hemistiktos. Discussion The Spot the Alien campaign demonstrates that expert-validated citizen science can provide reliable, cost-effective support for the surveillance of marine bioinvasions. The findings highlight the importance of sustained public engagement, rigorous validation, and long-term monitoring to improve early detection and inform future citizen-science initiatives.

Molecular epidemiology of Dientamoeba fragilis coinfections with Blastocystis sp. and Giardia duodenalis in symptomatic patients from Valencia, Spain - Marta García-Hita; Jorge Ferriz; Susana Cifre; Gabriela Tapia-Veloz; Araceli Molina; David Carmena; Maria Trelis (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2026)
Purpose Dientamoeba fragilis is a cosmopolitan intestinal protist with an insufficiently understood life cycle and pathogenicity. Diagnosis by light microscopy is challenging, leading to significant underdiagnosis. Two genotypes (1 and 2) have been described, with genotype 1 being the most frequently detected worldwide. As no molecularly characterized isolates from Spain have been reported, we performed a molecular characterization and evaluated sociodemographic factors of D. fragilis in patients coinfected with Blastocystis sp. and/or Giardia duodenalis . Methods Using a multiplex qPCR assay (Allplex™ GI-Parasite Assay, Seegene), we analyzed 354 stool samples previously identified as positive for Blastocystis sp. ( n = 276), G. duodenalis ( n = 63), or both ( n = 15) by light microscopy. Eligible positive samples were selected for conventional PCR targeting the SSU rRNA gene and subsequent Sanger sequencing. Results D. fragilis was detected in 34.5% of samples by qPCR; 32.3% of Blastocystis -positive, 44.9% of Giardia -positive and 46.7% of coinfected samples. We successfully sequenced 22 isolates, all corresponding to genotype 1, identifying two distinct intra-genotypic sequence variants. Younger age was positively associated with D. fragilis , with individuals coinfected with Blastocystis sp. being markedly younger than those monoinfected. Patients with G. duodenalis and D. fragilis were mainly under 15 years of age. Conclusion This study provides the first genotyping of D. fragilis in Spain, demonstrating the circulation of two genotype 1 variants. Findings highlight the underdiagnosis of D. fragilis and its high prevalence in young patients with other fecal-orally transmitted protists. Evaluating coinfections is crucial to understanding parasite relationships and should be considered for clinical management, especially when symptoms persist.

Sex-specific associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and the cardiac conduction system - a longitudinal analysis of the KORA cohort - Yujiao Li; Siqi Zhang; David Diaz-Sanchez; Kathrin Wolf; Ina-Maria Rückert-Eheberg; Stefan Kääb; Georg Schmidt; Alexander Strom; Annette Peters; Alexandra Schneider; Susanne Breitner-Busch (International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2026)

Extraction and characterization of bioactive oligosaccharides from pulse processing byproducts using subcritical water extraction: a proof-of-concept study - Jasmin S. Yang; T. Truc K. Pham; Andrea J.C. Tam; Han Peng; Tássia B. Pessato; You-Tae Kim; Peter J. Russell; Zhiliang Fan; David A. Mills; Daniela Barile; Juliana Maria Leite Nobrega de Moura Bell (Food Chemistry, 2026)

Correction: Managing the Sundhnúkagígar–Grindavík volcanic emergency in Iceland, 2023–2026 - Nicholas Pinter; David Casagrande; Gudrun Maria Thorsteinsdottir (Natural Hazards, 2026)

Trends and risk factors of antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Catalonia, Spain, 2022–2023 - Mercè Herrero; Sonia Broner; Naiana Pastrana-Batalla; Eduard Anfruns; Evelin López-Corbeto; Victoria González; Judit Serra-Pladevall; Nieves Larrosa; Jacobo Mendioroz; Pilar Ciruela; Yuliya Poliakova; Mateu Espasa; et al. (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2026)

A-phase Occurrence During Sleep in the Deep Brain Recordings: Multiscale-Entropy and Multiscale-DFA Analysis - Raquel Delgado-Aranda; Juergen Fell; David Ibarra-Medina; S. Avila; A. Hernandez-Silva; Anna Maria Bianchi; Stefania Coelli; J. Jimenez-Cruz; Alfonso Alba; J. S. Murguia; Martin O. Mendez (Brain Topography, 2026)

Soil Microbial Diversity and Network Organization Respond to Land Use and Agricultural Inputs Worldwide - Zaki Saati‐Santamaría; Sergio Pérez‐Gorjón; Daniel Abel‐Schaad; Alberto Acedo‐Bécares; Francisca Alba‐Sánchez; Amanda Lucia Alves; Weronika Babinska‐Wensierska; Jorge Ariel Marfetán; Carolina Barroetaveña; Kara Barry; Francisco Beitia; Katerina Biniari; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2026)
Soil microbiomes are critical for ecosystem functioning, yet the global influences of climate and agricultural practices on their diversity and structure remain incompletely characterized. Here we analyzed 1921 soil samples from 33 countries worldwide across diverse biomes to assess how climate gradients and agricultural inputs, including pesticides and fertilizers, shape prokaryotic and fungal communities. We found that microbial diversity peaks at intermediate temperatures and differs markedly between natural and agricultural soils, with agriculture increasing microbial diversity while altering community composition and ecological guilds. Pesticide use selectively reduced bacterial diversity and shifted fungal guilds, decreasing ectomycorrhizal fungi while increasing saprotrophs, whereas fertilization reduced microbial network cohesion, with organic and inorganic fertilizers eliciting distinct community responses. These findings reveal that climatic factors and agricultural management jointly influence soil microbial diversity, community structure, and network connectivity, with implications for soil health and ecosystem resilience in managed landscapes. Overall, our results demonstrate that agricultural practices, including the use of pesticides and both organic and inorganic fertilizers, act as strong ecological filters that reshape soil microbiomes worldwide—enhancing apparent diversity but driving a functional shift toward less mutualistic, more fragmented, and potentially less resilient communities.

Drying Halves Decomposition Rates in River Networks by Decreasing Decomposer Diversity - Rubén del Campo; Thibault Datry; Arnaud Foulquier; Naiara López‐Rojo; Loïc Chalmandrier; Zoltán Csabai; David Cunillera‐Montcusí; Amaia A. Rodeles; Francisco J. Peñas; Bálint Pernecker; Núria Bonada; José Barquín; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2026)
River drying is intensifying worldwide due to climate change and increasing water abstraction, with major consequences for riverine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. In river networks, drying not only alters local environmental conditions but also disrupts hydrological connectivity, reshaping the movement of organisms and resources at the river network scale. Leaf litter decomposition—a key ecosystem function in freshwater systems—is particularly sensitive to changes in the structure of decomposer communities. We hypothesized that spatiotemporal patterns of drying regulate decomposition by altering the diversity and composition of detritivorous macroinvertebrates, bacteria and fungi. We combined data from six European river networks spanning a wide latitudinal gradient to assess how local drying intensity and regional hydrological connectivity affect decomposition through changes in these decomposer groups. We found that short drying events (≤ 6 dry days) reduced decomposition rates by up to 50% mainly mediated by changes in the composition and diversity of decomposer communities. Drying decreased the diversity of groups contributing to decomposition, shifting the control of this function from a balanced contribution of fungi, bacteria and detritivores in perennial rivers to dominance by dry‐tolerant but less efficient bacteria in drying rivers. These community shifts persisted for months after flow resumption, causing sustained reductions in decomposition also in flowing conditions. Regional hydrological connectivity alleviated these negative effects of local drying by facilitating the recovery of more efficient aquatic decomposers. However, this effect depended on the river network. In more arid networks, stronger fragmentation hindered the recovery of decomposer communities after flow resumption. Overall, our results evidence that spatiotemporal patterns of drying can regulate the linkages between community structure and ecosystem functioning in river networks. As drying events become more frequent and prolonged, shifts in decomposers' diversity are likely to alter carbon cycling and energy fluxes in freshwater ecosystems under global change.

Analysis of second-generation epigenetic clocks reveals further associations between disproportionate biological ageing and hippocampal volume - Lidija Milicic; Michael Vacher; Vincent Doré; Pierrick Bourgeat; Rosita Shishegar; James D. Doecke; Paul Maruff; Christopher C. Rowe; Victor L. Villemagne; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; et al. (GeroScience, 2026)

Circulating Elements in the Bloodstream of Growing Foals: Focus on Heavy Metals and Bone Remodeling Across Growth Stages - David Hulitká; Donatella Coradduzza; Andrea Sanna; Giovanni Paolo Biggio; Andrea Taras; Antonello Cannas; Ciriaco Carru; Serenella Medici; Raffaele Cherchi; Maria Grazia Cappai (Biological Trace Element Research, 2026)
Bone tissue undergoes continuous remodelling throughout the life of the individual, and growth is the most impacting phase. In fact, tightly coordinated processes of resorption, synthesis, and mineralization of the bone matrix under systemic hormonal, biomechanical, and metabolic control occur for variable periods of time across species. The horse is a fast-growing animal and for this reason identified as precocial. It was hypothesized that blood serum levels of minerals in growing foals at different stages of accretion may vary over time. This investigation aimed to assess the dynamics of circulating mineral and trace element levels in serum from weaning to 24 months of age. A total of 40 serum samples (8 foals × 5 timepoints, T0–T4) were analyzed for total metals and metalloids by ICP-MS/MS (US EPA 6020B method). Each sample was measured in duplicate; the mean of the two replicate values was used in all subsequent statistical analyses. Cadmium (Cd) was the only trace element exhibiting statistically significant temporal variation throughout the growth period. A marked increase ( p = 0.005) in circulating Cd was observed between T0 (6 mo.) and T1 (7 mo.), followed by a significant decline ( p = 0.020) from T1 to T2 (12 mo.). Despite this population-level trend, no individual foal showed statistically significant intra-subject changes over time. All other essential trace elements remained stable, indicating preserved mineral homeostasis during growth from 6 to 24 months. These findings suggest that while essential minerals maintain a steady physiological profile during development, cadmium displays a distinct temporal pattern that may warrant further investigation. The data underscore the importance of monitoring heavy metals even in low-exposure environments during sensitive developmental windows.

Dynamic stability in phytoplankton through size-based compensation under ENSO extremes - Luciane Oliveira Crossetti; Kauane Bordin; Andressa da Rosa Wieliczko; Rafael Cecchi Sabbadin; Maria Gabriela Junqueira; Lucia Ribeiro Rodrigues; David da Motta‑Marques (Hydrobiologia, 2026)
Climatic extremes associated with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) reorganize aquatic communities, but whether such reassembly translates into functional restructuring remains unclear. A 25-year phytoplankton time series (2001–2025) from Lake Mangueira, a large subtropical shallow lake in southern Brazil, was used to test whether El Niño and La Niña drive shifts in size-based functional structure or primarily taxonomic turnover. The findings of this study provide novel insights into the organization of the phytoplankton size-based functional structure based on long-term continuous datasets under climatic events in a subtropical shallow lake. ENSO phases imposed contrasting environmental filters, with El Niño linked to increased precipitation and La Niña to drought, differing in transparency and nutrient concentrations. Species composition changed markedly across climatic phases, yet total biomass and overall functional configuration remained stable. Functional redundancy and taxonomic diversity increased during La Niña, while functional diversity patterns varied according to the metric (biovolume or maximum linear dimension) considered. The observed functional shifts resulted from species replacement along environmental gradients rather than from systematic redistribution of trait values. ENSO thus reshaped internal community structure without triggering regime shifts during regular periods, revealing dynamic stability sustained by size-based compensatory mechanisms.

Commensal and pathogenic bacteria of the respiratory tract of bats from Catalonia, North-Eastern Spain - Carlotta Pasetto; Lourdes Lobato-Bailón; Maria Puig Ribas; Virginia Aragón; David Guixé; Noel Caparroz-Soto; Jordi Camprodon; Laura Martino; Mariano Domingo; Elena Obón; Rafael Molina-López; Xavier Fernandez Aguilar; et al. (Veterinary Microbiology, 2026)

The synergistic effect of H2O2 and indole-3-butyric acid on Cordia trichotoma rooting does not overcome aging effects of older mini-stumps - Maria Clara Coutinho Rodrigues; Ana Carolina Nascimento de Oliveira; Giovanna Campos Mamede Weiss de Carvalho; Jussara Tamires de Souza Silva Goulart; David Pessanha Siqueira; Deborah Guerra Barroso (Rhizosphere, 2026)

Exposure to organophosphate esters and trajectories of gestational weight gain: A large prospective cohort study - Belle Martin; David E. Cantonwine; John D. Meeker; Maria Ospina; Antonia M. Calafat; Thomas F. McElrath; Kelly K. Ferguson; Barrett M. Welch (Environmental Research, 2026)

Data-driven model for the prediction of syngas composition and end-use application from gasification of residual biomass - Laura C.G. Velandia; Samira Garcia-Freites; Marco Sanjuan; David Acosta; Adriana Aristizabal; Maria L. Botero; Santiago Builes (Biomass and Bioenergy, 2026)

Techno-economic and environmental assessments of alternative scenarios for a Brazilian mango biorefinery - Ednaldo Benício de Sá Filho; Johnny David Gomes de Queiroz; Morsyleide de Freitas Rosa; Maria Cléa Brito de Figueirêdo (Biomass and Bioenergy, 2026)

On the Phylogenetic History of the Sanje Mangabey (Cercocebus sanjei), Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania - Christina Lynette Paddock; Maria Joana Ferreira da Silva; Gráinne Michelle McCabe; David Fernández; William Scott McGraw; Michael William Bruford (International Journal of Primatology, 2026)
An accurate understanding of phylogeny, including intraspecific diversity, is key for defining conservation measures. The Sanje mangabey ( Cercocebus sanjei ) is an Endangered primate endemic to the Udzungwa Mountains in Tanzania that inhabits montane forest fragments and occurs in two populations—Mwanihana Forest and Uzungwa Scarp Nature Reserve—located 100 km apart. The phylogenetic position of the Sanje mangabey relative to other Cercocebus species remains unclear. We aimed to clarify the phylogeny of the Sanje mangabey and estimate its divergence time from other species. We reconstructed phylogenies using nuclear (CD4 and TSPY) and mitochondrial (COII and control region) sequences in noninvasive DNA sampled from both the populations (n = 88 sequences). We found that the Sanje mangabey grouped with the central/East African mangabeys ( C. galeritus , C. chrysogaster , and C. agilis ) and estimated that it diverged from the common ancestor ~2.34 million years ago (MYA; 95% Highest Probability Density (HPD) interval: 1.73–2.95 MYA). Results suggest that the two extant Sanje mangabey populations represent distinct lineages, diverging 0.77 MYA (95% HPD interval: 0.43–1.15 MYA). This divergence and isolation into two montane forest fragments may be attributed to increasing aridification in eastern Africa beginning ~2.6 MYA, the formation of physical barriers to dispersal and competition with other species. By confirming the evolutionary distinctiveness of the Sanje mangabey relative to other Cercocebus species, this study highlights the need for dedicated conservation management policies. Such policies should also consider the two populations as candidate evolutionary significant units. Further morphological, genetic, and behavioural studies are needed to assess the extent of reproductive isolation in Sanje mangabeys. Our study highlights the need to identify cryptic diversity within threatened species in order to improve their conservation.

Historic Quarries of Ançã Limestone, A Portuguese IUGS Heritage Stone - David Martin Freire-Lista; Fernando Figueiredo; Maria Helena Henriques (Geoheritage, 2026)
Ançã limestone is one of the most widely used building and carving stones in Portugal, particularly valued for sculpture due to its ease of carving. Although it has been exploited since prehistoric times, its greatest use was in the 14th century, when the quarries reached their greatest splendour. The Ançã limestone (“Pedra de Ançã” in Portuguese) belongs to a level of the Ançã Formation, which occurs in the municipality of Cantanhede, about 25 km northwest of Coimbra. This formation was deposited during the Bajocian and Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) periods in the Lusitanian Basin (central-western Portugal). It is about 250 m thick and consists at the base of layers reaching ≈ 2 to ≈ 3 m of greyish micritic limestone, slightly marly, changing laterally to light grey and yellowish to whitish. This is followed by creamy white micritic limestones in beds ≈ 0.5 to ≈ 1 m thick. This work aims to compile bibliographical information on the historic quarries of the Ançã limestone, which has been designated as an IUGS Global Heritage Stone by the International Union of Geological Sciences. This will allow the correct location of the historic quarries for their enhancement and as a source of raw material for possible future restorations.

Global groundwater contamination by geogenic fluoride - Shakir Ali; Pratibha Mishra; K. Brindha; Mélida Gutiérrez; Rakesh Kumar; Emmanuel Daanoba Sunkari; Patrick Kirita Gevera; Enn Karro; Johnbosco C. Egbueri; Reza Dehbandi; Rohana Chandrajith; Peiyue Li; et al. (Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2026)
Fluoride (F¯) is a global geogenic contaminant in groundwater, occurring at elevated concentrations across almost every continent. While optimal fluoride intake benefits dental health, levels exceeding the WHO safe limit (1.5 mg L −1 ) can cause dental fluorosis and even severe skeletal fluorosis, with drinking water being the primary exposure pathway. Understanding the global occurrence and geochemistry of fluoride in groundwater is essential for minimizing associated health risks. Therefore, this study reviews the incidence, distribution, mobilization mechanisms of fluoride in groundwater, and identifies the key knowledge gaps related to fluoride contamination worldwide. The study presents a large-scale synthesis of contaminated aquifers, cost-effective defluoridation methods, socio-economic challenges, and strategies for safe drinking water supply. This was done by adopting the PRISMA 2020 systematic review framework with review period between 1953 and 2025. Findings confirm that fluoride contamination is prevalent in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and the Americas, driven mainly by fluorine-bearing minerals in aquifers. Key factors intensifying the contamination includes hydrogeochemical conditions such as high pH, Na–HCO 3 water types, and low calcium (Ca 2+ ) concentrations. Identified hotspot are the East African Rift Valley, Indo-Gangetic plains, northern China, and volcanic or geothermal regions in Mexico and Türkiye, with localized anomalies observed in Estonia, Poland, and Australia. Anthropogenic inputs contribute in some localized areas, although their impact is minimal. The fluoride levels are particularly high in arid and semi-arid regions, where evaporation and prolonged water–rock interaction accelerate fluoride mobilization. Despite decades of research, monitoring gaps persist, and mitigation remains challenging, especially for rural communities who are entirely dependent on untreated groundwater. This study recommends prioritizing efforts on scalable, cost-effective solutions to provide fluoride-safe water, particularly in areas where populations are largely vulnerable.

Critical habitats for sharks and rays in Asia remain largely unprotected - Adriana Gonzalez-Pestana; Peter M. Kyne; Emiliano García-Rodríguez; Ryan Charles; Vanessa Bettcher Brito; Asia O. Armstrong; Amanda Batlle-Morera; Marta D. Palacios; Christoph A. Rohner; Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara; Jo Marie V. Acebes; Serena Adam; et al. (Biodiversity and Conservation, 2026)
The Asia region harbors exceptional chondrichthyan (shark, ray, and chimaera) diversity but faces intense fishing pressure. The Important Shark and Ray Areas (ISRA) process provides a collaborative, evidence-based framework to identify critical habitats and inform spatial management. We assessed ISRAs across the Bay of Bengal, Southeast Asia, and the Northwest Pacific to characterize their extent, ecological significance, and conservation relevance. We delineated 122 ISRAs spanning ~ 1 million km 2 (~ 3% of the region) across 12 jurisdictions and international waters, encompassing habitats for 121 species (~ 30% of Asia’s chondrichthyans), 76% of which are threatened. Depleted taxa (e.g., giant guitarfishes, Glaucostegidae) were represented, but charismatic megafauna (e.g., Whale Shark Rhincodon typus ) were overrepresented. In contrast, deepwater and freshwater species were underrepresented. Reproductive Areas were the most common ISRA sub-criterion applied (52% of ISRAs), largely in nearshore zones, while areas for range-restricted species were less frequently (18%) identified. Twelve ISRAs overlapped with biodiversity hotspots, including seven in areas of high overall chondrichthyan species richness and five in areas of high range-restricted species richness. Citizen science was the predominant research method used to delineate ISRAs, while fisheries data were underused despite the region’s major fisheries footprint. Geographic coverage was uneven: Indonesia held the most ISRAs (n = 40; 71.7% of ISRA coverage) while eight jurisdictions (e.g., Viet Nam, China, Republic of Korea) lacked ISRAs due to data gaps. Protection shortfalls are stark: MPAs cover

Complete genome and phylogenetic characterization of a novel papillomavirus from Cuniculus paca in the Brazilian Amazon - Cleyton Silva de Araújo; Laura Gabrielly Alves Henrique; Hanna Gabriela da Silva Oliveira; Jhonatan Henrique Lima da Rocha; Junio Damasceno de Souza¹; Agnes de Souza Lima; Vania Maria França Ribeiro; Francisco Carlos da Silva; David Driemeier; Cláudio Wageck Canal; John Munday; Felipe Masiero Salvarani; et al. (Archives of Virology, 2026)

Influence of raw material on the physical-chemical profile of cachaça: effects of variety and sugarcane cutting conditions - Maria Augusta L. S. M. Marques; Maria G. Cardoso; Wilder D. Santiago; Guilherme V. Pimentel; Tharyn Reichel; Antonia Isadora Fernandes; Sara C. S. Silva; Maria Luisa Teixeira; Danubia Ap. C. S. Rezende; David L. Nelson (Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 2026)

Biomolecular and isotopic evidence reveals key cellular controls on methylmercury fate during bacterial mercury methylation - Jin-Ping Xue; Rémy Guyoneaud; Zoyne Pedrero; Luisa Maria Malberti-Quintero; Alina Kleindienst; Emmanuel Tessier; Océane Asensio; David Point; David Amouroux (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2026)

Unraveling acridine degradation mechanisms in PAH-contaminated soils using DNA-SIP combined with metagenomics and soil transcriptomics - Maria Jordán; Esteban Bustos-Caparros; Juan F. Gago; Zhenfa Zhang; Zhenyu Tian; David R. Singleton; Ramon Rossello-Mora; Magdalena Grifoll; Joaquim Vila (Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2026)

‘I can't resist’: Incentive salience for ultra-processed food cues matches erotic cues in individuals with food addiction - Thayane Carvalho Lemos; Guilherme Macedo Soares Coutinho; Neha Khandpur; Maria Fernanda Gombi-Vaca; Eliane Volchan; José Luis Mata-Martín; Isabel Antunes David (Food Quality and Preference, 2026)

In situ evaluation of an active-passive sampling (APS) technique for monitoring psychoactive compounds in effluent wastewater - Allen Jun Anies; Maria Laimou-Geraniou; Maarten Quireyns; Tim Boogaerts; Cara Byns; Taja Verovšek; David Heath; Ester Heath; Alexander L.N. van Nuijs; Adrian Covaci; Ronny Blust; Raewyn M. Town (Environmental Pollution, 2026)

Technoeconomic analysis and life cycle assessment of purification processes for captured CO2 streams - Elisavet Anglou; Kinga Gołąbek; Jacob DeWitt; Yunjin Lee; Patritsia Maria Stathatou; Hai-Ying Chen; Carsten Sievers; Todd J. Toops; David S. Sholl; Fani Boukouvala (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2026)

An Explainable AI Model for Anomaly Detection in Water Quality Data - Xurxo Rigueira; David Olivieri; Maria Araujo; Maria Pazo (Water Resources Management, 2026)
Detecting anomalies in water quality data is critical for ensuring safe and reliable water supplies. This study introduces an explainable, iterative, multitemporal machine learning algorithm based on decision trees to detect and characterize temporal anomalies. The model partitions time series into sliding windows at three temporal scales, capturing multivariate relationships across distinct chronological levels. Iterative training enables the classification of new data subsets, progressively refining the learned expert criteria and expanding the anomaly set. To improve interpretability, we developed the Visual Decision Paths Representation (VDPR) algorithm, which provides visual insights into variable importance, learned thresholds, and sample-level classification reasoning. Across all monitoring stations, the model achieved an average F1 score of 99% and an error rate below 1%. By comparing individual samples with the broader dataset, VDPR delivers deeper interpretability than state-of-the-art methods that focus fundamentally on variable importance while preserving strong predictive performance across varied environmental conditions and stations.

Carbonate microfacies and paleoenvironmental evolution of the Romualdo Formation (late Aptian/early Albian), Araripe Basin (NE, Brazil) - Maria Emília Tomé; David Holanda de Oliveira; Christiano Ng; Ludmila Alves Cadeira do Prado; Rilda Verônica Cardoso de Araripe; Flávia Azevedo Pedrosa Lemos; Luis Ricardo Nascimento; Yumi Asakura; Alcina Magnólia Franca Barreto (Facies, 2026)
The Romualdo Formation, located in the Araripe Basin (NE, Brazil), represents an important sedimentary record of the late Aptian/early Albian transition, evidencing the establishment of a mixed siliciclastic–carbonate platform influenced by eustatic oscillations and marine ingressions associated with the breakup of Gondwana. Detailed analysis of thin sections from the Santo Antônio, Cedro, and Sobradinho sections revealed eight main microfacies: Packstone with ostracod (Po), Bioclastic Packstone with intraclasts (BPi), Bioclastic Wackestone with foraminifera (BWf), Wackestone with bioclasts and peloids (Wbp), Microbialite (Mb), Shale with ostracods (So), Massive sandstone with glauconite (Smg), and Lithic Sandstone (LS) which record the transition from restricted inner shelf environments to open marine conditions. Micropaleontological data described in thin sections reveal a high diversity of microfossils, including foraminiferal genera ( Spirosigmoilina sp., Quinqueloculina sp., Neoconorbina sp., Sigmoilinita sp., Microhedbergella sp., among others) and ostracod genera ( Pattersoncypris sp., Damonella sp., Mongolianella sp., and Dicrorygma sp.). The dasycladacean green algae Neomeris cretacea and Brasiliporella sp. were also identified, representing new records for the south-central margin of the basin and expanding the paleogeographic distribution of these organisms. Biostratigraphic data and the Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAE1b) was used as a chronostratigraphic datum for correlation between the studied sections, marking the upper Aptian/lower Albian boundary. The event OAE1b corresponds to a major transgressive pulse, enabling the integration of local facies successions into the global paleoceanographic framework. Overall, the integration of microfacies, microfossil, and geochemical data reveals the development of a heterogeneous shallow-marine system, composed of third-order transgressive–regressive cycles controlled by eustatic oscillations and marine connections of Tethyan affinity during the late Aptian/early Albian.

Looking down: where terrestrial weather may help space weather - Edmund M. Henley; David R. Jackson; Mario M. Bisi; Maria M. Kuznetsova; Martin A. Reiss (Advances in Space Research, 2026)

Host and Environmental Drivers of Gut Microbiome Variation in Wild Anolis Lizards - Yanileth F. López Tacoaman; Maria Alcivar; Karla Alujević; Leah Bakewell; John David Curlis; Anabarbara Gonzalez; Noah D. Gripshover; Samir Gulati; Renata M. Pirani; Noa Ratia; Daniel Romero; Kelly Lin Wuthrich; et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2026)
Animals maintain close associations with diverse microbiota that inhabit their digestive tracts, and these associations can profoundly affect host physiology and fitness. Gut microbiome composition is shaped by both host traits and environmental factors, yet the relative importance of these forces remains unclear in many taxa, including squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes). To address this gap, we analysed the gut microbiomes of seven species of Anolis lizards in the lowland tropical rainforest of central Panama. We sought to determine how environmental and host species characteristics shaped gut microbiome composition. Specifically, we examined (1) interspecific variation in the anole gut microbiome, (2) the relative roles of environment and host species in shaping gut microbiomes across two study locations, and (3) patterns of phylosymbiosis. We found that host‐related factors (species identity, body size, and phylogenetic distance) were significant predictors of the composition of Anolis gut microbiomes. However, environmental factors, including locality and year of sampling (associated with temperature, humidity, and precipitation), also exerted significant effects. We detected evidence of phylosymbiosis, but this pattern was moderate, possibly due to the strong effect of environmental variation. Our work contributes to the growing body of literature on lizard gut microbiomes by using comparative observations across habitats and species to identify the factors that shape these communities in the wild.

Population Genomics of a Cosmopolitan Weed Provides Insights Into Its Local Adaptation and Recent Demographic History - Marilia Souza Lucas; Christoph Rosche; Isabell Hensen; Stefan G. Michalski; Dávid U. Nagy; Diana Gamba; Renske E. Onstein; Karime Abidkulova; Mohammad Al‐Gharaibeh; Ali A. Al‐Namazi; Sirwan Babaei; Fernando Bastida; et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2026)
Invasive plant species present a growing ecological and economic challenge, and often adapt rapidly to their novel environments through complex demographic and evolutionary processes. Invasion genomics offers powerful tools to disentangle these processes, but most studies rely on geographically narrow sampling across native and non‐native ranges. Erigeron canadensis is a cosmopolitan weed native to North America that has successfully invaded diverse climates worldwide. We used double‐digest restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) to investigate the genetic diversity and structure of 280 E. canadensis populations across the Northern Hemisphere. We found that native and non‐native populations maintained comparable genetic diversity. Population structure analyses revealed four genetic clusters that were mainly differentiated along latitudinal and aridity gradients. However, one cluster was strongly overrepresented in the non‐native compared to the native range. In the native range, genetic differentiation was shaped by spatial and environmental gradients, while in non‐native regions human‐mediated dispersal and repeated introductions disrupted environmentally driven genetic structure. Migration network analyses revealed limited intercontinental connectivity and a possible role of long‐distance dispersal in within‐range expansions. Genomic offset analyses showed that genotype‐environment mismatches in non‐native populations associated with reduced growth and reproduction. Together, our results indicate that the invasion dynamics of E. canadensis were driven by multiple introductions, population admixture, and lineage sorting, while some genotypes contributed disproportionately to the spread of this invader. The presence of apparent maladaptation suggests that even long‐established invaders may still be evolving in response to their novel environment, raising concerns about potential future expansions.

Mapping Escolar ( Lepidocybium flavobrunneum ) in Motion: Oceanographic Forces Shaping Its Habitat in the Southwestern South Atlantic, With Insights From Fishers' Perceptions - Lucas Rodrigues; Maria Grazia Pennino; Paul Gerhard Kinas; David Conesa; Alba Fuster‐Alonso; Andrés Domingo; Rodrigo Forselledo; Federico Mas; Bruno Mourato; Rodrigo Sant'Ana; Vinni Santos Thykjaer; Raquel Virginia Marquez Marquez; et al. (Fisheries Oceanography, 2026)
Lepidocybium flavobrunneum [Smith, 1843], commonly known as escolar, is a large pelagic species, important for global and local fisheries, particularly in the southwestern South Atlantic Ocean (SWAO), where it constitutes a significant portion of the catch. However, despite its important socioeconomic role, it remains less studied compared to other large pelagic species. Enhancing research efforts is therefore key to better understanding the ecological processes that influence its spatial and temporal distribution. To address this gap, our study applied species distribution models (SDMs) to escolar's occurrence and abundance using longline fleet data from south Brazil and Uruguay. Estimation and prediction were conducted at the Bayesian framework using the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) methodology combined with the stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) approach. Our findings reveal a strong correlation between warmer sea surface temperatures and increased escolar occurrence and abundance in the SWAO, particularly during the austral summer, in contrast to cooler‐season patterns observed elsewhere. Escolar's distribution is influenced by the southward and westward movement of seawater driven by the Brazil Current, and its preference for depths greater than 2000 m reflects its oceanic nature. Predicted areas of higher abundance around the continental slope (between 33° and 37° S) and the Rio Grande Rise are linked to the dynamic interaction of warm and cold currents and nutrient‐rich waters. Additionally, escolar's sensitivity to low‐light conditions may explain reduced catches during moonlit nights. A complementary analysis assessing the synergistic influence of sea surface temperature and lunar illumination on escolar occurrence indicated that, under high temperatures (> 22 °C), occurrence is further enhanced during dark nights. Furthermore, semi‐structured interviews with vessel captains revealed that 90% identified temperature (via open‐ended responses) as a key environmental factor driving escolar catches, and 80% of them attributed a strong influence (greater than average catch rates) to temperature, summer season and new moon phase. This study provides new insights into escolar's seasonal and spatial patterns, emphasizing the impact of oceanographic features and light conditions on its distribution. It also highlights the need for further research into the mechanisms driving escolar populations.

People–nature relations and community perception on conservation: Case of Kisandji Village near Upemba National Park, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) - Alimata Sidibe; Wai Phyoe Maung; Maria Brockhaus; Pacifique Kiwele Mutambala; David Nkulu Mwenze; Clément Kalombo Kabalika; Augustin Kalumba Mwanke; Laurent Kabala Kazadi; Esther Changwa; Grace Y. Wong (Ambio, 2026)

Integration of Multi-Omics Data To Understand the Multifaceted Role of RAMP1 across Different Cancer Types - Gabrielle da Costa Cabral; Letícia Almeida Rodrigues; Júlia de Almeida Cabral Candiago; João Felipe Fernandes Ferreira Procópio; Júlia Costa Cerqueira Silva; Maria Eduarda Barbosa de Lima; Ana Stella Gisela Ellery Costa Lima; José Valmir Falcão da Costa Júnior; David Abner Santos de Araújo; João Paulo Emiliano da Silva; Sofia Amancio de Almeida Oliveira; Rafael de Oliveira Calaça Farias; et al. (Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2026)
Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 1 (RAMP1) is a Calcitonin Receptor-Like Receptor (CALCRL)-associated protein with significant relevance in oncogenesis and tumor progression. It acts as a context-dependent allosteric modulator of GPCRs. This integrative review synthesizes evidence from multiple omics layers—transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, and pan-cancer datasets—to clarify the role of RAMP1, its signaling pathways, and its relationship with the tumor microenvironment. Multi-omics integration highlighted several key findings: transcriptomic and regulatory signatures frequently associate RAMP1 overexpression with epithelial–mesenchymal transition; RAMP1 is associated with the coordinated activation of GPCR-dependent pro-tumorigenic pathways; and the CGRP/RAMP1 axis is associated with CD8 + T-cell exhaustion and potential resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Pan-cancer analyses revealed marked expression heterogeneity. RAMP1 is strongly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and downregulated in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), reinforcing the importance of context-specific interpretation. It also emerges as an unfavorable prognostic biomarker in osteosarcoma, rectal adenocarcinoma, prostate cancer, and Ewing sarcoma, suggesting its potential value as a strategic therapeutic target. Future studies should prioritize spatial transcriptomics and the pharmacological modulation of the CGRP/RAMP1 axis to refine precision oncology strategies.

Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegeneration - Nikhil N. Chaudhari; Owen M. Vega; Phoebe Imms; Jaron M. Kawamura; Nahian F. Chowdhury; Tamara Jafar; Andrei Irimia; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; et al. (GeroScience, 2026)
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can find aging-related structural alterations above and beyond cortical thickness and atrophy. Using a novel approach to DNN interpretability, we mapped brain aging progression in 25,539 cognitively normal UK Biobank adults aged 45–83 years. Cortical aging is found to involve anatomic features becoming prominent during the 50s within frontolateral, mesolimbic, cuneal, and occipitotemporal regions. From these foci, aging-related features propagate to adjacent areas at rates peaking in the 60s. Cortical thinning and atrophy do not trend closely with neurodegeneration, but important DNN-identifiable anatomic features have spatiotemporal dynamics that match those of amyloid or tau. Our results challenge the assumption that MRI cannot map anatomic features trending with neurodegeneration. Interpretable DNNs can empower MRI to quantify anatomic aging as a process of spatial feature expansion from focal regions into nearby structures in the sequence of neurodegenerative pathology. Traditional morphometrics explain only ∼1% of variance in DNN-identifiable features, which clarifies why the former are insensitive to anatomic changes involving neurodegeneration. Our results conceptualize brain aging in the context of spatial and temporal parallels between anatomic senescence and neuropathology. These findings may help to map cognitively normal adults’ neurodegenerative anatomy even without PET measurements. Graphical Abstract

Peripheral microRNA signature in genetic frontotemporal dementia—findings from the GENFI initiative - Chiara Fenoglio; Maria Serpente; Marina Arcaro; Tiziana Carandini; Luca Sacchi; Manuela Pintus; Vittoria Borracci; Giulia Giudici; Marta Rigoni; Paola Muti; Laura Ghezzi; Arabella Bouzigues; et al. (GeroScience, 2026)
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity, with approximately 40% of cases linked to hereditary genetic mutations, including MAPT , GRN , and C9ORF72 . Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of cellular processes related to neurodegeneration and as potential biomarkers for FTD. However, their relevance in presymptomatic stages remains poorly understood. We conducted a miRNA expression analysis using TaqMan OpenArray® panels on blood samples collected from 171 individuals, including symptomatic mutation carriers (SMC), presymptomatic carriers (PMC), and healthy non-carriers (NC). Dysregulated miRNAs were validated and bioinformatic tools were used to identify potential associated molecular pathways. In C9ORF72 , miR-20b-5p and miR-223-5p were significantly upregulated in SMC (fold regulation over NC: 2.418 p = 0.0336 and 7.829 p < 0.0264 respectively) and PMC (5.518, p < 0.0001 and 3.941, p < 0.0001 respectively). In GRN mutation carriers, miR-28-3p was altered in both SMC and PMC (fold regulation over NC: 1.484 p < 0.050 and 3.287, p < 0.050). In MAPT mutation carriers, miR-28-5p, miR-192-3p, miR-25-3p, and miR-532-3p were altered only in SMC (fold regulation over NC: 1.496 p < 0.050, 1.911 p = 0.006, 1.468 p < 0.05, and 0.728 p < 0.05). Bioinformatic analysis revealed enrichment of pathways related to neurodegeneration and synapse impairment. These results suggest that miRNA expression levels are deregulated in mutated SMC, in C9ORF72 and GRN PMC. Notably, miR-20b-5p, miR-223-5p, and miR-28-3p were increased in preclinical stages of the disease, supporting their role as early biomarkers for C9ORF72 -FTD and GRN -FTD. Conversely, alterations in MAPT carriers appeared only in symptomatic stages, suggesting a different involvement in disease progression.

Evolutionary history of the endangered Sanje mangabey (Cercocebus sanjei) in the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania: inferences from phylogeography and historical niche modelling - Christina Lynette Paddock; Maria Joana Ferreira da Silva; Gráinne Michelle McCabe; David Fernández; William Scott McGraw; Michael William Bruford (Primates, 2026)
Understanding whether a species’ distribution results from recent and/or anthropogenic events or ancient vicariant factors is critical for conservation planning. The Endangered Sanje mangabey ( Cercocebus sanjei ), endemic to Tanzania’s Udzungwa Mountains, is currently divided into two populations located approximately 100 km apart. These represent distinct evolutionary lineages that diverged around 0.77 million years ago (MYA). We aimed to investigate i) the phylogeographic history and recent changes in size and range of the two Sanje mangabey populations, and ii) whether lack of suitable habitat between populations and consequent difficulty to disperse may have influenced the 0.77 MYA divergence time. We used 64 mitochondrial control region sequences obtained from non-invasive DNA. The probability of suitable habitat across Tanzania and the Udzungwa Mountains was modelled at three time points: Mid-Holocene (6,000 YA), Last Glacial Maximum (22,000 YA), and the Last Interglacial period (120,000–140,000 YA). We found six haplotypes, clustered into two haplogroups. Significant differentiation was estimated between populations, which show no evidence for recent range expansion or contraction. The ecological niche modelling revealed fluctuating extents of suitable habitat across southern Tanzania. Large genetic differentiation between populations may have been influenced by a general trend in aridification in East Africa across the last 40,000 years, resulting in a shift of montane forests to gradually higher elevations. Intermediate populations may have become extinct as suitable habitat retracted, leaving relict populations with relatively stable demographic histories ancestral to the present-day populations. This study supports their preliminary designation as separate evolutionary significant units, a conclusion with conservation management implications.

Distributed optical fibre sensing in physical oceanography: emergence and future prospects - Alberto C. Naveira Garabato; Carl P. Spingys; Andrew J. Lucas; Tiago S. Dotto; Christian T. Wild; Scott W. Tyler; Ted A. Scambos; Christopher B. Kratt; Giuseppe Cappelli; Ethan F. Williams; Mariona Claret; Hannah E. Glover; et al. (Ocean Science, 2026)
Distributed optical fibre sensing (DOFS) is a technology that enables continuous, real-time measurements of a range of environmental parameters along the length of a fibre optic cable. In this article, we review the recently emerged applications of DOFS techniques in physical oceanography and offer a perspective on the technology's potential for future growth within the field. The introduction of DOFS to physical oceanography is contextualised with a brief history of the technology, which spun off primarily from the use of seafloor-laid optical fibres for telecommunications purposes. The key components and underpinning physics of a DOFS system are outlined and, on their basis, the suite of variables that are observable with DOFS are discussed. The implementation factors of DOFS, which include trade-offs between measurement accuracy and spatio-temporal resolutions and ranges, are also examined. The physical oceanographic applications of DOFS to date are then illustrated with case examples of four distinct DOFS techniques: distributed temperature sensing (DTS), which can provide ocean temperature observations; distributed static strain sensing (DSS) and distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), which are sensitive to temperature, cable strain and strain-associated variables, such as pressure and ocean velocity; and ultra-long-range observations of ocean currents with optical interferometry. The forthcoming prospects of DOFS in physical oceanography are considered, and are proposed to include new fibre optic-based approaches to sense ocean salinity and measure through the water column. We conclude with reflections on the future role of DOFS within the Global Ocean Observing System, and highlight the opportunities provided by the existing world-wide network of seafloor-laid optical fibres.

Apatite thermochronology and geochemistry applied to modern river sediment from the Southern Brasilia Orogen, northeastern São Paulo State/Brazil - Jaqueline Dickel Bilhar; Carlos Alberto Tello Sáenz; Cleber Jose Soares; Maria Lidia Medeiros Vignol-Lelarge; David Chew; Foteini Drakou (Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 2026)

Proteomic profiling of gills during carp edema virus infection provides insights into immune responses and cellular stress associated with koi sleepy disease - Mikolaj Adamek; Anna Majewska; Maria Zawisza; Felix Teitge; Verena Jung-Schroers; Veronika Piackova; David Gela; Martin Kocour; Magdalena Chadzinska; Alberto Falco; Tomáš Korytář; Andrzej Ciereszko; et al. (Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2026)

Modelling sediment diagenesis processes in a freshwater ecosystem experiencing transient external phosphorus and iron loading - Tao Xu; Alex Neumann; Yasasi Fernando; Maria Dittrich; David Depew; George Arhonditsis (Ecological Modelling, 2026)

Phylogenetic diversity recovery along Atlantic Forest succession: The potential for conserving evolutionary history - Alex Josélio Pires Coelho; Carlos Mário Galván-Cisneros; Pedro Manuel Villa; Heitor Mancini Teixeira; Fabio Antônio Ribeiro Matos; Alice Cristina Rodrigues; Nayara Mesquita Mota; Fernando da Costa Britod Lacerda; Fábia Maria dos Santos Souza; Nathália Vieira Hissa Safar; Nathália Silva; Fabiana Bonani; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2026)

Nutritional and metabolic responses of sheep fed banana leaf hay treated with sodium hydroxide - Hélio Oliveira Neves; Dorismar David Alves; Fredson Vieira e Silva; Laura Lúcia dos Santos Oliveira; Luciana Castro Geraseev; Marielly Maria Almeida Moura; Gabriel Carvalho Rezende Velasquez Santos; Adriano Mendes Vasconcelos; Janiquele Soares Silva Batista; Lara Danieli Lopes Fernandes; Cléverton Lopes Lacerda; Gabriel Santos Souza David (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2026)
Our objective was to evaluate the impacts of the treatment of banana leaf hay with levels of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, and blood parameters of sheep. Five ½ Santa Ines × Dorper sheep with body weight of 38.43 ± 4.38 kg were used in a Latin square design. Treatments were based on levels of NaOH in banana leaf hay, as follows: 0; 1.25; 2.5; 3.75 and 5%. Overall, the intakes of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and total digestible nutrients increased linearly ( P < 0.001) as a function of the dose NaOH. NaOH treatment of leaf hay linearly increased ( P ≤ 0.04) the digestibility coefficients of organic matter and fiber, with an increase of 11 percentage points in fiber digestibility. However, we did not observe ( P ≥ 0.33) effect of NaOH on crude protein digestibility. No effect was observed ( P ≥ 0.07) on uric acid, creatinine, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase or urea. Increasing the NaOH dose did not alter the eating, rumination, and idlling time of sheep ( P ≥ 0.06). However, ruminating efficiency for dry matter and fiber were increased ( P < 0.02) as a function of the increased NaOH level. Chewing characteristics (i.e., number of bolus/day, time/bolus, and chewing/bolus) were not influenced by the NaOH levels ( P ≥ 0.06). Chemical treatment of banana leaf hay with NaOH increased feed intake and fiber digestibility in sheep and it did not affect indicators of hepatic injury, while reducing blood urea concentration, suggesting improved efficiency of nitrogen utilization.

A Machine Learning Approach for Detecting Mineral Trash in Sugarcane Processing Through Turbidity Measurements - Julián David Montes; Maria Alejandra Gomez; Roosembert Polanco; Ana Milena Escobar; Nicolas Gil Zapata (Sugar Tech, 2026)

Managing the Sundhnúkagígar–Grindavík volcanic emergency in Iceland, 2023–2026 - Nicholas Pinter; David Casagrande; Gudrun Maria Thorsteinsdottir (Natural Hazards, 2026)

The threat of multidrug-resistant microorganisms: active surveillance of key antimicrobial resistant pathogens in 2025 - a report from the INVIFAR network - Adrián Martínez-Meléndez; Elvira Garza-González; María del Rosario Vázquez-Larios; Melissa Garibaldi-Rojas; Bernardo Alfonso Martinez-Guerra; Christian Daniel Mireles-Davalos; Samuel Pavel Escalante-Armenta; José Manuel Feliciano-Guzmán; Daniel Romero-Romero; Maria del Consuelo Velazquez-Acosta; Sandra Quintana-Ponce; Shaúl Ariel Navarro-Lara; et al. (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2026)
Purpose Systematic collection and analysis of antimicrobial resistance data from key bacterial pathogens is essential to contribute to control antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The aim of this work was to survey the drug resistance on clinically relevant organisms stratified according to age, gender, clinical specimens and facilities. Methods Microbiological data were collected from 55 centers across 24 states in Mexico between January 1 and March 31, 2025. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed at each participating center using locally available methods. Data was processed using WHONET 2025. Isolates obtained from lower respiratory specimens, urine, blood, biopsies and abscesses were analyzed. Carbapenem non-susceptible isolates were further analyzed by PCR for common carbapenemase-encoding genes. Resistance frequencies were compared using the chi-square test. Results A total of 11,290 clinical isolates were analyzed, mostly from urine ( n = 7,149; 63.3%), followed by blood ( n = 1,370; 12.1%). The most prevalent was Escherichia coli ( n = 6,185; 54.8%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae ( n = 1,365; 12.1%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( n = 1,110; 9.8%). Resistance to carbapenems in E. coli was higher in respiratory isolates (imipenem: 5.8%, p = 0.016; meropenem: 5.3%, p < 0.001), with 75.9% producing extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs). K. pneumoniae had the highest resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam (52.5%, p = 0.028) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (62.1%, p = 0.014) in blood isolates, and 63.2% were ESBL-producers ( p = 0.001). In P. aeruginosa , urine isolates showed significantly higher resistance to ceftolozane-tazobactam (24.7%, p = 0.008), ceftazidime-avibactam (36.6%, p < 0.001), and meropenem (34.5%, p = 0.009) compared to other clinical specimens included. For A. baumannii , respiratory isolates had 73.6% resistance to meropenem ( p < 0.001). S. aureus from blood showed 25.7% resistance to oxacillin ( p < 0.004). The most frequent carbapenemase genes were bla OXA−48−like in E. coli (26/56, 46.4%), bla NDM for K. pneumoniae (7/17, 41.2%), bla OXA−24 in A. baumannii (79/108, 73.1%) and bla IMP for P. aeruginosa (18/108, 16.7%). Conclusion This surveillance study underscores the elevated levels of antimicrobial resistance, ESBL production, and carbapenemase activity among priority pathogens, including some Enterobacterales , P. aeruginosa , and A. baumannii . These findings emphasize the urgent need to strengthen epidemiologic surveillance programs in Mexican healthcare settings.

Treatment of post-lung transplantation pneumonia with cefiderocol: a case series and insights from the literature - Gabriele Giuliano; Arianna Lippi; Margherita Sambo; Laerta Dulislami; Marta Zanchi; David Bennett; Antonella Fossi; Alberto Michielon; Daniele Marianello; Antonella Puddu; Chiara Catelli; Piero Paladini; et al. (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2026)

Ultra-Violet Induced Biochemical Changes in an Invasive Weed and their Implications for Plant-Biocontrol Agent Interactions - D. Paul Barrett; Arvind K. Subbaraj; Jason J. Wargent; Maria A. Minor; Paul Peterson; David J. Lun; Andrea Clavijo McCormick (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2026)
Introducing insect biocontrol agents sourced from a plant’s native range is an effective, sustainable management strategy for invasive plants. However, not all biocontrol programmes achieve the desired outcome because control agents either fail to establish or are ineffective. Heather beetle Lochmaea suturalis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), introduced from the United Kingdom (UK) to New Zealand (NZ) to control the invasive shrub Calluna vulgaris (heather), was difficult to establish and achieved poor population growth rates and expansion relative to its conspecifics in its native UK range. Poor performance in biocontrol is often attributed to various abiotic or biotic factors but seldom considers alterations to a target plants biochemical phenotype. A recent study revealed, heather has a significantly different biochemical profile in NZ compared with the UK, between which there is considerable difference in ultra-violet (UV) radiation. UV is known to drive plant biochemical change, including defensive secondary metabolites and we hypothesized that this factor could enhance heathers’ defensive capability leading to poor biocontrol agent performance. Testing this hypothesis involved exposing heather plants to 20% and 95% UV attenuating screens and using metabolomics to measure plant secondary metabolite responses. Our results demonstrate significant alterations to many compounds derived from the shikimate-phenylpropanoid pathway. However, a bioassay revealed no impact on prepupal weight or larval survival of the biocontrol agent L. suturalis . We discuss and explore possible reasons for this outcome, the magnitude and impact of UV-induced biochemical changes on plant-insect interactions and the potential of metabolomics to support weed biocontrol.

The COSPAR international space weather action teams (ISWAT) initiative: a driving force for the COSPAR space weather roadmap - Maria M. Kuznetsova; Mario M. Bisi; Hermann J. Opgenoorth; Martin A. Reiss; M. Leila Mays; Lucilla Alfonsi; C. Nick Arge; David Barnes; Anna Belehaki; Thomas E. Berger; Amanda Brecht; Sean Bruinsma; et al. (Advances in Space Research, 2026)

SNAPSHOT USA 2024: Year 6 of the Coordinated National Camera Trap Survey of the United States - Brigit Rooney; Roland Kays; Michael V. Cove; Alex Jensen; Daniel J. Herrera; Camilla Price; Phuong‐Thao Nguyen‐Nu; Katrina Adamczyk; Peter D. Alexander; David Allen; Jesse M. Alston; Diego F. Alvarado‐Serrano; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2026)
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multi‐contributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of species interactions on daily activity patterns. Main Types of Variables Contained SNAPSHOT USA 2024 contains 377,427 records of camera trap image sequence data and 3127 records of camera trap deployment metadata. Spatial Location and Grain Data were collected across the United States of America in 49 states, 12 ecoregions and many ecosystems. Time Period and Grain Data were collected between 1 August and 19 December in 2024. Major Taxa and Level of Measurement The dataset includes a wide range of taxa but is primarily focused on medium to large mammals. Software Format SNAPSHOT USA 2024 comprises two .csv files. The original data can be found within the SNAPSHOT USA 2024 project on the Wildlife Insights platform.

Distribution, scale, and drivers of mass mortality events in Europe's freshwater bivalves - Daniel A. Cossey; Maria Urbańska; Ronaldo Sousa; Juergen Geist; Anna Maria Labecka; Şebnem Atasaral; Maciej Bonk; Liliya Bylyna; Frank P. L. Collas; Daniel Daill; Andreas H. Dobler; Noé Ferreira‐Rodríguez; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2026)
Mass mortality events (MMEs) are decimating populations and compromising key ecosystem functions around the globe. One taxon particularly vulnerable to MMEs is freshwater bivalve mollusks. This group has important ecosystem engineering capacities and includes highly threatened and highly invasive taxa. Thus, MMEs of freshwater bivalves have important implications for conservation and ecosystems. Despite this, little is known about the magnitude, frequency, duration, distribution, and causes of freshwater bivalve MMEs. Using a questionnaire, we compiled data from 239 reports describing freshwater bivalve MMEs across 22 European countries since 1960. With these data, we analyzed trends in MME timing, location, and magnitude; identified the species affected; and evaluated the suggested causes (including reporter certainty). We found that the frequency of reports of MMEs increased each year, MMEs affected a broad range of species, clear geographical patterns linking certain causes to specific locations were lacking, factors related to drying and habitat destruction predominated suggested causes, and considerable uncertainty surrounded the causes of many MMEs, particularly those associated with potential pollutants and disease agents. Based on our findings, we recommend the standardization of many aspects of MME research (e.g., reporting and recovery assessment protocols), increased surveying for MMEs, further investigation into the causes of MMEs, especially those with significant uncertainty, and immediate actions to improve waterbody management, mitigate the effects of high temperatures, and further protect freshwater bivalves through the development and implementation of appropriate management actions and legislation.

Multi-dimensional plasma proteomic profiling elucidates molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological networks in pediatric severe traumatic brain injury - Enis Cela; David Tweddell; Mark Daley; Maria Morello; Gediminas Cepinskas; Douglas D. Fraser (Inflammation Research, 2026)

Proteomic profiling and pathway analyses reveal molecular signatures and immune networks in pediatric sepsis - Vincenzo Stranges; Logan R. Van Nynatten; David Tweddell; Enis Cela; Maria Morello; Mark Daley; David B. O’Gorman; Gediminas Cepinskas; Douglas D. Fraser (Inflammation Research, 2026)

Hydromethanolic fraction from Abatia americana (Salicaceae) inhibits T24 bladder cancer cell line and the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes with high selectivity - Benila Maria Silveira; Tatiane Roquete Amparo; Janaina Brandão Seibert; Tamires Cunha Almeida; Glenda Nicioli da Silva; Orlando David Henrique dos Santos; Geraldo Célio Brandão; Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira; Luiz Fernando de Medeiros Teixeira; Gustavo Henrique Bianco de Souza (Natural Product Research, 2026)

Metabolic dependencies and neural progenitor dysregulation: driving forces in paediatric high-grade glioma development - Yan Hay Grace Lee; Maria Tsoli; Yan Chuan Shi; Chi Kin Ip; David Ziegler (Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, 2026)
Paediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) are the most lethal brain tumours in children, characterised by profound epigenetic dysregulation and limited treatment options. The 2021 WHO Classification has established a molecular framework that distinguishes pHGGs as biologically distinct from adult glioblastoma, recognising four major subtypes: H3K27-altered diffuse midline glioma, H3G34-mutant diffuse hemispheric glioma, infant-type hemispheric glioma, and the rare IDH-mutant gliomas. Each subtype exhibits unique epigenetic landscapes, metabolic dependencies, and therapeutic vulnerabilities, necessitating subtype-specific treatment strategies. This review explores the molecular classification of pHGGs and examines the critical role of the tumour microenvironment in disease progression. We focus on glioma stem cells as central drivers of tumour initiation, maintenance, and therapeutic resistance, highlighting their remarkable cellular plasticity and ability to dynamically transition between different states. Particular attention is given to metabolic reprogramming in pHGGs, including alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism, and the exceptional metabolic flexibility of glioma stem cells that enables adaptation to microenvironmental pressures. Importantly, we discuss the intimate crosstalk between metabolism and epigenetic regulation, whereby metabolites serve as essential cofactors for chromatin-modifying enzymes—exemplified by α-ketoglutarate maintaining low H3K27me3 in H3K27M tumours and 2-hydroxyglutarate driving hypermethylation in IDH-mutant gliomas. We review preclinical models that have advanced pHGG research and discuss emerging immunotherapeutic approaches, including CAR T-cell therapies and oncolytic viruses. By synthesising current understanding of pHGG biology, this review aims to identify promising therapeutic avenues that exploit the unique metabolic and epigenetic vulnerabilities of each molecular subtype.

Using herd frailty estimates from survival models in a mortality-based syndromic surveillance system - Jaden M. Carlson; T. Brendan Murphy; Luke O’Grady; Jonas Brock; Maria P. Guelbenzu-Gonzalo; David A. Graham; Guy McGrath; Jamie A. Tratalos; Rafael de Andrade Moral; Niamh Mimnagh; Niamh L. Field; John F. Mee; et al. (Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2026)

Elevated fecal silver, lithium, and platinum in cognitive impairment: A pilot exploration of microbiota–metal interactions - David Mateo; Marília Cristina Oliveira Souza; Nerea Carrión; Luis Heredia; Cristian Cabrera; Montse Marquès; Eva Forcadell-Ferreres; Maria Pino; Josep Zaragoza; José Luis Domingo; Fernando Barbosa; Margarita Torrente (NeuroToxicology, 2026)

Subchronic 90-days toxicity profile of Salicornia ramosissima extract in rats - Marina Romero-Bernal; Ángela González-Díaz; Maria Tripodi; Alba Zheli Álvarez; Jara Rodríguez; David Núñez-Jurado; María de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea; Ana I. Prieto; Leticia Diez-Quijada; Irene Cantarero; Carmen del Río; Joan Montaner (Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2026)

Coupling sedimentary cycling with eutrophication severity under transient external phosphorus and iron loading regimes - Tao Xu; Alex Neumann; Maria Dittrich; Yasasi Fernando; John Gibson; Ramin Farnood; David Depew; George B. Arhonditsis (Ecological Modelling, 2026)

Standardising research on marine biological carbon pathways required to estimate sequestration at Polar and sub-Polar latitudes - Simon A. Morley; David K.A. Barnes; Camila Neder; Ricardo Sahade; Chester J. Sands; Carla M. de Aranzamendi; Kaja Balazy; Piotr Balazy; Facundo Barrera; Narissa Bax; Sofia Becerra; Lucia Bergagna; et al. (Earth-Science Reviews, 2026)

"MLVA_5: A reduced marker scheme for phylogeographic analysis of Brucella canis" - Eduardo Jorge Boeri; Paula Becker; Silvia Noemi Akiyama; Maria Luz Dominguez; Sebastian Elena; Natalia Mercedes Fernandez; Paula Ruybal; Gabriela Ileana Escobar; Deborah Beatriz Hasan; Marcos David Trangoni (Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2026)

Isomerization of α- and β-pinene epoxides over dendritic ZSM-5 zeolites - Carina Mosquera; Luis A. Gallego-Villada; Marta Mediavilla; Jennifer Cueto; Maria del Mar Alonso-Doncel; Edwin Alarcón; David P. Serrano (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2026)

Photon Flux and Water Matrix Effects in Sn-Doped Ti-Zr Oxide Photocatalysts: Transformation Products and Phytotoxicity - Louidi Lauer Albornoz; Juan Pablo Bortolozzi; Ezequiel David Banús; Salatiel Wohlmuth da Silva; Diego Umberto Rizzana; Maria Genesi Meirelles; Marco Antônio Siqueira Rodrigues; María Alicia Ulla; Andréa Moura Bernardes (Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2026)

Ecodesign of collagen extraction from tilapia skin: an integrated economic–environmental framework for process and product improvement at the laboratory scale - Johnny David Gomes de Queiroz; Ednaldo Benício de Sá Filho; Maria do Livramento Linhares Rodrigues Menezes; Gabriela Ibiapina Figueiredo Câmara; Men de Sá Moreira de Souza Filho; Raimundo Marcelino da Silva Neto; Renato Carrha Leitão; Maria Cléa Brito de Figueirêdo (The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2026)
Purpose Tilapia skin, a filleting by product, can be used to extract collagen (CTS) for bio-based films and hydrogels. This study performs the first ex-ante environmental and economic assessment of CTS, evaluating two pathways for these applications, with the aim of guiding the selection of one of these pathways for future investments in pilot plants or their redesign. Methods Two pathways for extracting 1 kg/year of CTS were modeled at a pilot scale using laboratory data in SuperPro Designer: acid-soluble (ASC) and pepsin-soluble (PSC). Total costs and the Product Environmental Footprint were combined in contribution and scenario analyses, considering the mass and economic allocation in tilapia production and filleting. The contributions of unit processes to the impacts and costs of CTS were shown in a proportionality graph with a threshold line of relevance; only the critical points above it were prioritized to identify alternatives to reduce environmental and/or economic impacts. An optimal pathway was selected, considering uncertainty. The impacts of CTS (optimal pathway) were then compared to those of cellulose, starch, and polyacrylamide, used in films and hydrogels. The minimum selling price (MSP), calculated as annual costs per production, was also compared to surrogate market prices. These comparisons included sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. Results and discussion The CTS performance study shows that collagen has greater environmental and price impacts than cornstarch, cellulose, and polyacrylamide, even with 90% less CTS, in both allocation criteria and in most impact categories. The comparison between ASC and PSC after improvements reveals that ASC outperforms PSC, leading to its selection. In both pathways and criteria, the main critical points above the relevance threshold and close to the proportionality line are sodium chloride, ultrapure water, acetic acid, and ethanol. For these points, the most effective alternatives are replacing dialysis with diafiltration and adjusting the acetic acid concentration, along with reducing reaction time, temperature, and yield. Conclusions Recommendations were provided for redesigning the CTS production process and its targeted application, highlighting potential improvements such as the use of electrodialysis in the purification stage, the removal of the lipid extraction step or the replacement of ethanol with butyl alcohol, as well as the evaluation of applications in the biomedical sector. Learnings from this study allowed the proposition of a novel integrated framework for improving technological pathways and targeting product application based on techno-economic and environmental impact criteria at technology readiness level 5. This framework may be applied to assess and improve other technologies on a laboratory scale.

Sustainable propagation of saw palmetto through somatic embryogenesis - Vânia Maria Pereira; Autumn Reeves; Adina Grossman; Thiago Souza Campos; Jena Osmani; Patricia Ramalho de Barros; David Beleski; Wagner Vendrame (Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2026)

The environmental history of the Aptian-Albian marine ingressions of the Araripe Basin, northeastern Brazil, based on the spatiotemporal distribution of its macroinvertebrates - Ludmila A. C. do Prado; Priscilla Albuquerque Pereira; Bruno de Araújo Gomes; Rudah Ruano Cavalcanti Duque; Rilda C. Araripe; David H. D. Oliveira; Flávia A. Pedrosa Lemos; Luiz R. S. L. Nascimento; Maria Emília T. R. Tomé; Alcina F. Barreto (Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments, 2026)

Inheritance of resistance to Berkeleyomyces rouxiae and Berkeleyomyces basicola in the lettuce cultivar La Brillante - David Nataren Perdomo; Stéfani dos Santos Leite; Tiago Bezerra Torres; Ruthe Lima de Souza; Maria Esther de Noronha Fonseca; Cléia Santos Cabral; Ailton Reis; Leonardo Silva Boiteux (Euphytica, 2026)
Black root rot, caused by two Berkeleyomyces species ( B. basicola and B. rouxiae ), is a major disease of lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) in tropical areas. Nationwide surveys in Brazil indicated similar levels of incidence as well as an overlapping geographical distribution of B. basicola and B. rouxiae across major lettuce-producing areas. The most promising strategy for managing these polyphagous and aggressive pathogens is the deployment of genetic resistance. The heirloom cultivar ‘La Brillante’ displayed resistance to a broad range of isolates of both Berkeleyomyces species. However, to date, there is no information about the genetic control of B. basicola and B. rouxiae . Inheritance studies investigating the resistance of ‘La Brillante’ to isolates of both pathogens were conducted separately employing F 2 populations derived from crosses with the highly susceptible cultivar ‘Elisa’. The hybrid origin of individual F 1 plants was assessed via RAPD marker genotyping. Two bona-fide F 1 plants were then selfed to obtain two independent F 2 segregating populations. The contrasting parental cultivars and F 2 seedlings were then separately inoculated with B. rouxiae (F 2 population size = 247) and B. basicola (F 2 population size = 166). Chi-square test was employed to assess the goodness of fit of the observed segregation patterns against each pathogen to the predicted Mendelian ratios. All ‘Elisa’ plants displayed highly susceptible reactions to both pathogens, whereas all ‘La Brillante’ plants were resistant even under harsh inoculation conditions, indicating high levels of penetrance of this trait. The F 2 populations inoculated with either B. basicola or B. rouxiae displayed a good fit to 3:1 resistant/susceptible segregation ratios, indicating monogenic and dominant resistance to both pathogens. Additional experiments are necessary to verify whether the same gene/locus or distinct genes/loci are controlling the resistance to B. rouxiae and B. basicola . Nevertheless, this simple monogenic inheritance will facilitate the incorporation of these resistant traits into elite lettuce breeding lines and cultivars.

Low foliar nitrogen and elevated defensive metabolites in the invasive weed Calluna vulgaris (heather) may impair biocontrol agent performance - D. Paul Barrett; Maria A. Minor; Paul Peterson; Simon V. Fowler; Arvind K. Subbaraj; David J. Lun; Andrea Clavijo McCormick (Biological Invasions, 2026)
Introducing insect biocontrol agents to manage invasive plants is an effective and sustainable management option. However, biocontrol agents sometimes fail to establish or are ineffective in the new range. Heather beetle Lochmaea suturalis, (Thomson, 1866) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) sourced from the United Kingdom (UK), was introduced into New Zealand’s North Island Central Plateau (CP) to control invasive Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull (heather). The beetle was difficult to establish and the few populations that did, achieved poor population growth rates and expansion in contrast to the rapid rates associated with its conspecifics in the UK. We hypothesize that low soil nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous (N and P) on the CP may be linked to changes in C. vulgaris’ primary nutritional and secondary defensive metabolites, leading to poor beetle performance. Testing this hypothesis involved application of N and P to soil in C. vulgaris field plots, measurement of foliar N and Carbon (C), plus using non-targeted metabolomics, exploring differences in the primary and secondary metabolites between treatments. Raising soil nutrients amplified several primary metabolites including N-based amino acids and concomitantly reduced the majority of phenylpropanoids, a secondary metabolite group containing many defensive compounds. This work seeks to better understand, how abiotic conditions in a new environment, influence invasive plant metabolism, potentially altering the efficiency of foliage assimilation which may impair biocontrol agent establishment and effectiveness. Such understanding may be applied to mitigate potential foliar deficiencies at release sites and contribute to improving success rates of biocontrol as a management strategy for invasive plants.

Dysbiosis of the enteric DNA virome correlates with the development of cachexia in a murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) model - David Aciole Barbosa; Yara N.L.F. de Maria; Fabiano B. Menegidio; Regina Costa de Oliveira; Daniela L. Jabes; Luiz R. Nunes (Archives of Virology, 2026)
Cachexia, a multifaceted wasting syndrome, profoundly impacts quality of life and survival rates in cancer patients. Gut inflammation is identified as a key player among the contributing factors for its development. Consequently, numerous studies have sought to characterize changes in gut microbiota of cachectic individuals, given the well-established roles of the gut microbiota in controlling and/or triggering both local and systemic inflammation in their hosts. Most of these investigations have applied mouse models of tumor-induced cachexia to show correlations between alterations in bacterial and fungal abundance in the digestive tract and the onset of cancer cachexia (CC). However, the role of viral dysbiosis in CC development remains unexplored. The present study aims to address this gap by characterizing the gut virome during the progression of murine cancer cachexia. Although our approach was limited to DNA viruses, our findings reveal that cachectic animals with Lewis lung carcinoma exhibited a subtle yet statistically significant modulation in composition (R 2 = 0.17622; p = 0.05). A linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed that the dysbiosis observed in the gut virome of CC animals was mostly characterized by a significant enrichment in giant viruses of the family Phycodnaviridae (LDA score, 4.2582; p -value, 0.004; pwr app , 0.9984) and significantly decreased populations of bacteriophages of the families Microviridae (LDA score, 4.3458; p -value, 0.0127; pwr app , 0.9065) and Inoviridae (LDA score, 3.3028; p -value, 0.0017; pwr app , 0.9992). This cachexia-associated viral dysbiosis shares similarities with virome alterations documented in other conditions linked to gut inflammation, including, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and Clostridioides difficile infection. These new insights suggest the potential contributions of viral communities to the pathophysiology of CC and other inflammation-driven diseases.

Marine environmental epigenetics: mechanisms, stress responses and applications to biomonitoring - Ana Francisca dos Santos David; Ana Julia Gaspar Schmitz; João Pedro Garrote; Maria Luiza Souza Vitor; Lorenzo Fontanive Bueno; Marcos Edgar Herkenhoff (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2026)
The increasing exposure of coastal ecosystems to pollution, eutrophication, ocean acidification, hypoxia and accelerating climate change has highlighted the need for molecular tools capable of detecting sublethal and early biological responses before ecological deterioration becomes evident. In this context, epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNA expression provide sensitive and mechanistically informative indicators of organismal responses to environmental stress. This manuscript synthesizes current knowledge on how these epigenetic pathways respond to key anthropogenic and climate-driven stressors across marine taxa, emphasizing their roles in mediating plasticity, acclimatization and potential adaptive trajectories. We review methodological advances in environmental epigenomics, including high-throughput DNA methylation and chromatin-mapping techniques, and discussed the challenges posed by non-model marine species, including the scarcity of reference genomes. We also evaluate the practical application of epigenetic biomarkers as part of marine biomonitoring frameworks, with particular attention to their potential integration into effect-based assessment tools within the European Union Water Framework Directive. By connecting mechanistic insights with applied management perspectives, this manuscript highlights how epigenetic markers can improve early-warning capabilities, guide conservation planning and enhance the predictive power of coastal ecosystem assessments in the face of rapid environmental change.

Sex and APOE genotype specific brain regional vulnerability to Alzheimer's Disease - Qi Zeng; Minghui Wang; Erming Wang; Xianxiao Zhou; Peng Xu; Vahram Haroutunian; Dongming Cai; Bin Zhang; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; et al. (GeroScience, 2026)
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), and regional vulnerability was assessed with a composite vulnerability score (CVS) derived from associations between diffusion features and AD severity across clinical traits in each of the four sex-APOE groups (female or male, with or without APOE4). Brain parcellation with the Eve atlas revealed regions consistently affected across sex-APOE groups (e.g., parahippocampal and superior temporal gyri) and regions specific to individual groups (e.g., the cingulum in females with APOE4 and the middle frontal gyrus in males without APOE4). Gene co-expression network analysis of the matched blood expression data identified gene subnetworks linked to group-specific regional vulnerability, including a muscle tissue morphogenesis module regulated by NEURL1B and HIST1H2BN associated with middle frontal gyrus vulnerability. These findings demonstrate that sex and APOE genotype jointly shape region-specific WM vulnerability and its molecular signatures in AD. Understanding these interactions provides novel mechanistic insights and may inform precision approaches to drug development, biomarker discovery, and clinical trial design for AD.

Comparative study of thiolated and alkenylated functionalized β-CDs as highly mucopenetrating and mucoadhesive drug delivery systems - Effrosyni-Maria Kosti; Sophia D’Amico Huber; Alexander Mair; David Gintsburg; Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch; Gergely Kali (Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 2026)
Within this study, thiolated and alkenylated β-cyclodextrins were developed as novel mucoadhesive excipients capable of interacting with mucosal surfaces and prolonging the residence time of incorporated drugs at absorption sites, thereby potentially enhancing their bioavailability. For this purpose, cysteine-, cysteamine-, allylcarbamate-, and methacrylate-functionalized oligosaccharides were synthesized, and the resulting structures were identified by 1 H NMR spectroscopy, Ellman’s and disulfide bond tests, and iodometry. The thiol and double bond content, as well as the stability of these functional groups at 37 °C, over 4 h, were evaluated. Alkenylated β-cyclodextrins showed significantly higher stability in aqueous solution compared to the thiolated products with oxidative sensitivity. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity and rheological, mucodiffusive, and mucoadhesive properties of the derivatives were assessed to elucidate their potential as multifunctional excipients for mucosal drug delivery. The cytotoxicity study confirmed that all derivatives were non-toxic within 4 h of incubation. Rheological measurements showed that β-CD highly modified with allylcarbamate exhibited a 15-fold increase in dynamic viscosity after incubating with intestinal mucus compared to the native β-CD. Regarding mucopenetration, β-CD cysteine was able to penetrate the mucus by more than 3% per 5 cm in 24 h. The results on porcine intestine revealed the superiority of thiolated derivatives in mucoadhesion, with at least 98% of the samples remaining on the intestinal tissue after 3 h of rinsing. For alkenylated β-CD with a similar degree of modification, low mucoadhesiveness was detected, but it was increased significantly with the degree of modification. The current study compares various mucoadhesive approaches and demonstrates that thiolated derivatives are more effective than alkenylated derivatives for mucosal drug delivery, but are less stable in physiological fluids. Graphical abstract

GOOS Essential Ocean Variables: the backbone of a sustained and evolving global ocean observing system - Belén Martín Míguez; Emma Heslop; Narissa Bax; Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi; Gabrielle Canonico; Kim Currie; Karen Evans; Albert S. Fischer; Véronique Garçon; Maria Hood; Johannes Karstensen; Ana Lara-López; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2026)
The need for ocean information has never been greater. From climate change to food security and extreme events, we need to understand the role of the ocean and better predict change and impact. This is only possible with the sustained collection of a key set of ocean observations. The Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) coordinates international efforts to collect these Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs), which span physics, biogeochemistry, biology and ecosystem realms. Guided by three expert panels, these EOVs are used to define the needs and design of a sustained, fit for purpose global ocean observing system, aimed at maximizing investments in observing infrastructure. As the GOOS EOVs are increasingly used, it has become important to discuss and refine the understanding of this framework, to ensure that the right balance is struck between their essential nature and the need to expand to new domains and integrate with key global policies. In this paper we provide a description of the EOV framework, discuss some of the challenges in implementing it, and identify a set of recommendations for GOOS and the ocean observing community to take forward. These recommendations include increasing the transparency of the EOV adoption process, and the need to periodically assess the EOVs in consultation with observing communities and with the entities managing other global essential variable frameworks in cross cutting realms such as climate and biodiversity. This will contribute to building a useful and responsive global ocean observing system that delivers the observations required to meet societal needs.

Optimisation of genomic selection for harvest traits of Malabar red snapper (Lutjanus malabaricus) - Bing Liang; Dean R. Jerry; Vu Nguyen; Purushothaman Kathiresan; David B. Jones; Xueyan Shen; Joyce Koh; Celestine Terence; Maria G. Nayfa; Maura Carrai; Rachel Jia Wen Ho; Hazim Mohamed; et al. (Aquaculture, 2026)

Video-assisted ovarian sterilization by occluding the vascular supply with a modified Miller's knot and performing bilateral partial excision of the ovaries in the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) - Luis Baselly-Cueva; Diego A. Ospina-Argüelles; Luan Sitó-Silva; Beatriz Lippe de Camillo; Kárita da Mata Fuchs; Alessandra Dhom Pimentel de Moraes; Vania Maria de Vasconselos Machado; Paulo Fernandes Marcusso; Carlos González-Zambrano; Luís F. Barbisan; David Javier Galindo; Luis Mauricio Montoya Florez; et al. (The Veterinary Journal, 2026)

Sustainable aquafeed? The devil is in the detail - Björn Kok; Wesley Malcorps; Maria J. Santos; Richard W. Newton; Robert Harmsen; David C. Little (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2026)

Failed rift propagation at lithospheric-scale shear zones and terrane boundaries: implications for Gondwana breakup in the South Atlantic - Aline C. Tavares; David L. Vasconcelos; Fernando O. Marques; Walter E. Medeiros; Leonardo C. Palhano; Francisco C.C. Nogueira; Reinhardt A. Fuck; Maria O.L. Sousa; Renato R.S. Dantas; Roberto G. Oliveira; Francisco H.R. Bezerra (Gondwana Research, 2026)

Cork stripping alters the seasonal carbon allocation patterns of Quercus suber in a dry year - Clara A. Pinto; Filipe Costa-e-Silva; Alexandra C. Correia; José Graça; Olfa Zarrouk; Teresa S. David; José C. Rodrigues; João S. Pereira; Maria Manuela Chaves; Carla Pinheiro (Forest Ecology and Management, 2026)

Exchange flow structure at two inlets of a multiple-inlet subtropical estuary - Maria F. Gastelu-Barcena; Jorge A. Laurel-Castillo; Maitane Olabarrieta; Christine Angelini; David Fugate; Arnoldo Valle-Levinson (Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2026)

Did the COVID-19 pandemic expand our knowledge about the sociospatial drivers of domestic water use? Insights from a European City - Maria Torres-Bagur; Anna Ribas; Albert Llausàs; David Sauri (Sustainable Water Resources Management, 2026)
Evidence shows that income and residential density, the latter associated with outdoor water uses such as gardens and swimming pools in single houses, are considered key factors in explaining variations of water consumption in urban areas. However, these findings tell us little on the role played by personal habits in water use. Measures adopted to minimize the spread of COVID-19 virus such as population lockdowns and recommendations for frequent hand, clothing, and food washing represent an opportunity to analyze how individuals behave in relation to water consumption under the same conditions and recommendations and regardless of their income or housing type. Using the case of a medium sized European city with mixed residential areas (Girona, Northeast Spain), this research investigates consumer behavior combining quantitative techniques such as cluster analysis with qualitative tools based on data provided by 35 face-to-face interviews conducted with residents from different neighborhoods of the city. Results show that changes in water use introduced during confinement do not picture a behavioral pattern aligned with the variables that, conventionally, help to explain domestic water consumption such as income. Hence the need to refocus urban water policies more towards residential land use models rather than towards specific socioeconomic profiles of residents.

Encapsulation of the lipidated TLR7/8 agonist INI-4001 into ionic liposomes impacts H7 influenza antigen-specific immune responses - Fatemeh Mehradnia; Hardik Amin; Maria E. Ferrini; Haley Partlow; Timothy Borgogna; Soma Shekar Dachavaram; Kendal T. Ryter; Hélène G. Bazin; Jay T. Evans; David J. Burkhart; Blair DeBuysscher; Walid M. Abdelwahab (Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 2026)
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the best characterized family of Pattern Recognition Receptor-targeting adjuvants. Activation of TLR7/8 in particular, enhances antigen presentation by dendritic cells and macrophages, boosting Th1-mediated adaptive immune responses. However, poor pharmacokinetics and systemic toxicity of some TLR7/8 ligands hinder their clinical translation. Lipidation and incorporation of TLR7/8 ligands into liposomes can reduce systemic exposure, improve pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and presentation to immune cells. In the present study, a series of liposomal formulations incorporating a novel lipidated TLR7/8 agonist, INI-4001, were prepared to evaluate the effect of surface charge and lipid composition on the colloidal stability, cytotoxicity, innate immune activation, and adjuvant activity when combined with the recombinant Influenza A/Shanghai/1/13 (H7N9) Virus Hemagglutinin antigen (H7). The tested formulations include neutral (DOPC/Cholesterol), anionic (DOPG/Cholesterol), and cationic (DOPC/DC-Cholesterol, DOPC/GL67, DOEPC/Cholesterol, DOTAP/Cholesterol, or DOTAP + DDAB/Cholesterol) liposomes. These studies demonstrated that alongside the type and magnitude of particle surface charge, lipid composition was a determining factor in the regulation of immunogenicity and biocompatibility of INI-4001-loaded liposomes. Among the cationic liposomes evaluated, DOPC/DC-Cholesterol liposomes exhibited the lowest in vitro cytotoxicity while enhancing TNF-α induction from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Furthermore, murine immunization studies demonstrated that the same formulation enhanced H7-specific IgG titers and induced a Th1-polarized cell-mediated response compared to H7 antigen alone or the matched liposome lacking INI-4001. Of note, the anionic DOPG/Cholesterol INI-4001 liposomes induced a rapid response with significantly higher IgG titers after a single immunization and promoted strong Th1-polarized cellular responses, which may be advantageous in an influenza pandemic setting. These findings highlight the key role of liposome characteristics in optimizing the safety and immunogenicity of TLR7/8 agonist-adjuvanted subunit influenza vaccines.

Impact of tectonics and fluid circulations on shale gas isotope geochemistry – A case study of the Rietheim Member at the Mont Terri anticline (Switzerland) - Catherine Lerouge; Michaela Blessing; Marie Bonitz; Ana-Maria Fernández; Christine Flehoc; Nicolas Maubec; Guillaume Wille; David Jaeggi; Michael Kühn (Applied Geochemistry, 2026)

Micro‐Refuges or Ecological Traps: Context‐Dependent Effects of Rock Pools on Intertidal Biodiversity Across Latitudes - Louise B. Firth; Andrea Desiderato; Antony M. Knights; J. David Aguirre; Juan C. Astudillo; Juan C. Azofeifa‐Solano; David T. Bilton; Su Yin Chee; Hartvig C. Christie; Ronaldo A. Christofoletti; Amelia Curd; Katherine A. Dafforn; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2026)
Aim We investigated how local‐scale environmental heterogeneity influences biodiversity patterns across broad biogeographic gradients, using intertidal microhabitats as a model system within one of the most environmentally stressful ecosystems on Earth. Location Intertidal habitats at 26 locations (two rocky shore sites per location) across six continents, spanning 98° of latitude (38°S to 60°N). Time Period 2019–2022. Major Taxa Studied Algae, sessile and mobile invertebrates. Methods We compared biodiversity and thermal environments across contrasting microhabitats (rock pools and adjacent emergent rock) along a latitudinal gradient, sampling during environmentally ‘milder’ and ‘harsher’ periods. Biodiversity was quantified using multiple richness metrics (mean, total, unique taxa) and functional diversity. Results Microhabitat differences strongly influenced biodiversity patterns across latitude. Rock pools consistently supported higher taxonomic and functional diversity than emergent rock, irrespective of sampling period, reflecting their ability to buffer thermal extremes, particularly under harsher conditions. Mean species richness exhibited a non‐linear, s‐shaped latitudinal pattern, with lowest values near the equator and higher richness at mid‐latitudes, diverging from classical Latitudinal Diversity Gradient expectations. Biodiversity differences between microhabitats were greatest in temperate regions and diminished at low latitudes, where extreme conditions constrained diversity across habitats. Main Conclusions Local environmental heterogeneity can substantially modify, and in some cases obscure large‐scale biodiversity patterns. By mediating exposure to environmental stress, intertidal microhabitats provide insight into how fine‐scale variability interacts with latitudinal stress gradients to shape biodiversity distributions. Incorporating microhabitat variability into biogeographic frameworks is important for understanding global biodiversity patterns and predicting ecological responses to climate change.

Comparing tree swallow dispersal strategies in a continuous mainland environment - Kelly K. Hallinger; Teresa M. Pegan; Michael J. Andersen; Daniel R. Ardia; Amos Belmaker; David Chang van Oordt; Valentina Ferretti; Anna M. Forsman; Jennifer R. Gaul; Paulo E. Llambías; Sophia C. Orzechowski; J. Ryan Shipley; et al. (Ecology, 2026)
Dispersal is one of the most important aspects of animal behavior and can have far‐reaching consequences for organismal ecology and evolution. Despite recent theoretical advances in understanding why individuals within the same population vary in dispersal behavior, relatively few studies have empirically evaluated the long‐term causes and consequences of variable dispersal within natural populations. In this study, we used life history data collected over the course of 16 years to examine fitness outcomes in 867 known‐age female tree swallows breeding in New York, USA, that differed in their dispersal status: “immigrant” females, defined as dispersers that hatched elsewhere, and “local” females, defined as non‐dispersers that hatched within the study site and returned there after migration to breed. We also compared the life history responses of immigrant and local females to natural variation in weather, nest predation risk, and social environment at their breeding site. Local females were more likely to produce fledglings that recruited into the study area as adults. We also found several instances in which dispersal status interacted with an environmental metric to influence relative fitness, and these responses were largely consistent across life history measures. Overall, immigrant females were relatively resilient to variation in their extrinsic environment, while local females were highly sensitive to environmental conditions at the breeding site, performing relatively well when conditions were benign and faring relatively poorly as conditions became more stressful. We found little evidence that distance dispersed within a study site impacted female fitness, suggesting that the dispersal‐associated differences in fitness that we observed operate mostly across broader spatial scales. Future work should undertake the direct and simultaneous measurement of behavior, physiology, and fitness of immigrant and local females across environmental contexts and should seek to understand whether and how context‐dependent fitness variation of dispersers and non‐dispersers scales up to influence larger ecological and evolutionary processes.

Vulnerability of marine megafauna to global at‐sea anthropogenic threats - Michelle VanCompernolle; Juliet Morris; Hannah J. Calich; Jorge P. Rodríguez; Sarah A. Marley; Jessica R. Pearce; Briana Abrahms; Katya Abrantes; André S. Afonso; Alex Aguilar; Andrews Agyekumhene; Tomonari Akamatsu; et al. (Conservation Biology, 2026)
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threats. The threats we considered included individual fishing gear types, climate‐change‐related subthreats not previously assessed, and threats associated with coastal impacts and maritime disturbances. Our ratings resulted in 70 species having high vulnerability ( v > 0.778 out of 1) to at least 1 threat, primarily drifting longlines, temperature extremes, or fixed gear. These 3 threats were also considered to have the most severe effects (i.e., steepest population declines). Overall, temperature extremes and plastics and other solid waste were rated as affecting the largest proportion of populations. Penguins, pinnipeds, and polar bears had the highest vulnerability to temperature extremes. Bony fishes had the highest vulnerability to drifting longlines and plastics and other solid waste; pelagic cetaceans to 4 maritime disturbance threats; elasmobranchs to 5 fishing threats; and flying birds to drifting longlines and 2 maritime disturbance threats. Sirenians and turtles had the highest vulnerability to at least one threat from all 4 categories. Despite not necessarily having severe effects for most taxonomic groups, temperature extremes were rated among the top threats for all taxa except bony fishes. The vulnerability scores we provide are an important first step in estimating the risk of threats to marine megafauna. Importantly, they help differentiate scope from severity, which is key to identifying threats that should be prioritized for mitigation.

Strategies to build trustworthiness and increase diversity in colorectal cancer biospecimen research: a multi-phase, multi-site qualitative study - Kristi L. Roybal; Brett Nava-Coulter; Jane Roberts; Destiny Harden; Saul Castro; Anna Revette; Maria Connolly; Gina Johnson; Jennifer A. Rountree; Suzanne Brodney; Kimberly Schoolcraft; David A. Drew; et al. (Journal of Community Genetics, 2026)

Acute and chronic effects of salinity on nitrification in a recirculating aquaculture system with açaí seeds (Euterpe oleracea) as biological media - Deyselana Lima da Costa; Bruno José Corecha Fernandes Eiras; Jean Danilo da Silva Pereira; Adriele Carolina Raiol Rodrigues; Hayanna Lucy Barbosa Barros; Glauber David Almeida Palheta; Nuno Filipe Alves Correia de Melo; Maria de Lourdes Souza Santos; João Felipe Nogueira Matias; Fabio Carneiro Sterzelecki (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2026)
Introduction The Blue Amazon represents an extensive coastal zone with high biodiversity and wide salinity variation, which poses challenges for marine fish farming, particularly regarding the efficiency of biofilters in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). In this context, açaí seeds ( Euterpe oleracea ), previously evaluated in freshwater, emerge as a promising alternative for use as filter media under different salinity conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of açaí seeds as substrate in RAS biofilters, analyzing their acute and chronic impact on the physicochemical parameters of water and the removal of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate over 28 days. Methods The experiment was conducted in six independent systems (three aquaria each), subjected to salinities of 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35‰. After Acute (0, 20, 40, 60,80,100 and 120 minutes) and chronic (2,3,4,14,21 and 28 days) salinity change, water samples were collected to measure physicochemical quality and to assess nitrification efficiency and nitrogen compound removal. Results Higher oxygen consumption and ammonia clearance were observed at 0, 7 and 14‰ after 120 minutes of salinity change, while nitrate accumulation was significantly higher in freshwater. In long term, after 28 days, ammonia clearance was significantly lower at 35‰, though nitrate accumulation was not affected by salinity. The highest ammonia removal rates were recorded in the 0‰ and 7‰ treatments. Discussion The results demonstrate that açaí seeds are capable of removing ammonia after a few minutes and can sustain the growth of nitrifying bacteria under different salinity levels, although more efficiently in low salinity waters (seven times).

National-scale river water quality in the Philippines: establishing baselines in a mineralised megadiverse nation - Emma Biles; Richard David Williams; Decibel Faustino-Eslava; Loucel Cui; Francis Ian Gonzalvo; Kim Bryan Cabrera; Manilyn Casa; Craig MacDonell; Maria Regina V. Regalado; Laura Quick; Justine Perry Domingo; Trevor Hoey; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2026)

Biodiversity and spatial distribution of potentially ciguatera-causing dinoflagellates using DNA metabarcoding - Rosa Trobajo; Javier Pérez-Burillo; Sandra Gimeno-Monforte; Xavier Benito; Emilio Soler-Onís; Maria Rambla-Alegre; Jorge Diogène; David G. Mann (Marine Environmental Research, 2026)

Sensory pollutants have negative but different effects on nestbox occupancy and breeding performance of a nocturnal raptor across Europe - Giuseppe Orlando; Luca Nelli; Paul Baker; Patrik Karell; Al Vrezec; Rimgaudas Treinys; Gian Luigi Bucciolini; Karel Poprach; David Anderson; Katy Anderson; Hugues Baudvin; Gérard Olivier; et al. (Biological Conservation, 2026)

Corticosterone-Induced Depression in Rats: Region-Specific and Time-Dependent Dysregulation of Glutamatergic Signaling, Synaptic Markers, and MMP-2 Expression - Camilla Teixeira Pinheiro Gusmão; Khetyma Moreira Fonseca; Manuel Alves Santos Júnior; Nayana Soares Gomes; Deniele Lós Bezerra; Maria Francilene Souza Silva; David Freitas Lucena; Danielle S. Macêdo (Molecular Neurobiology, 2026)

Multi-scale observations during the 2024 mass coral bleaching event on Heron Reef, Australia - Devin A. Rowell; Nicholas M. Hammerman; Kirsten M. Golding; Tania Marie Kenyon; Zoe Meziere; Courtney Morgans; Kristen Taylor Brown; Faye F. Diederiks; David E. Carrasco Rivera; Karen Eigeland; Roima Paewai-Huggins; Kathryn Markey; et al. (Marine Biology, 2026)

Mercury contamination in Brazil related to (historical) artisanal and small-scale gold mining activity: a narrative review with quantitative synthesis - Marcelo da Silveira Tortolero Arauj Lourenço; David Debruyne; Rosa Maria Di Maggio; Chiara Germinario; Celestino Grifa; Francesco Izzo; Alessio Langella; Lara Silva de Paula; Fábio Augusto da Silva Salvador; Mariano Mercurio (Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2026)

First insights into soil fauna mapping across Europe using data from multiple data sources for three different taxa - Flore Marchal; Maria Tsiafouli; Alexandre M.J.-C. Wadoux; Maria J.I. Briones; Cristina Fiera; Paul Henning Krogh; Ladislav Miko; Christian Mulder; Maria Papadopoulou; Anton Potapov; David Russell; Lucia Santorufo; et al. (Applied Soil Ecology, 2026)

Changes in soil organic matter in intercropped coffee systems and their effects on soil enzymatic and microbial activity - Siro Paulo Moreira; Vanessa Maria de Souza Barros; David Gabriel Campos Pereira; Hugo Felipe da Silva; Humberto Josué de Oliveira Ramos; Eric Batista Ferreira; Teogenes Senna de Oliveira (Applied Soil Ecology, 2026)

Biogenic sphalerite signatures and pH-dependent precipitation pathways - Chris Ingles; John Mavrogenes; Yue Wang; Maria Cherdantseva; David Saxey; Denis Fougerouse (Applied Geochemistry, 2026)

Co-creating water knowledge: a community perspective - Giulio Castelli; Ben C. Howard; Tanveer M. Adyel; Amir AghaKouchak; Afnan Agramont; Hafzullah Aksoy; Rossella Alba; Pedro H.L. Alencar; Amobichukwu C. Amanambu; Hasnat Aslam; Luna Bharati; Liduin Bos-Burgering; et al. (Hydrological Sciences Journal, 2025)

Reducing battery electric vehicle mineral demand through efficiency, range, and new technology - Jessica Dunn; Don Anair; David Reichmuth; Maria C. Pinto de Moura (Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2025)

The NASA VIIRS burned area product, global validation, and intercomparison with the NASA MODIS burned area product - Louis Giglio; Luigi Boschetti; David P. Roy; Joanne V. Hall; Maria Zubkova; Michael Humber; Haiyan Huang; Vladyslav Oles (Remote Sensing of Environment, 2025)

Late Quaternary evolution of a large rock slope deformation (Robinson, English Lake District) – a first such exploration by cosmogenic exposure dating in the British mountains - Peter Wilson; David Jarman; Maria Miguens-Rodriguez; Derek Fabel (Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 2025)

Organic matter enrichment in black shales: How important are clay minerals? - Bei Liu; Maria Mastalerz; Juergen Schieber; David Bish (Organic Geochemistry, 2025)

Design, development and qualification of a european international berthing and docking mechanism (IBDM) - Joaquín Meléndez; Jeanette Bast; Johan Bogaerts; Jeremy Bouten; Angelo Costantino; Luc De Busser; Rutger De Nutte; Isabelle De Preter; Andy De Wilde; Felix De Wispelaere; Filip Dewitte; Wim Derkinderen; et al. (Journal of Space Safety Engineering, 2025)

Tales or labels? The impact of storytelling and geographical indication label on consumers' attitudes towards brazilian canastra cheese - Leonardo Barretta; Maria Laura Salomão David; Marina Lourenção (Food Quality and Preference, 2025)

Xique-xique fruits (Pilosocereus gounellei) modulate the gut microbiota: an in vitro study by the simulator of human microbial ecosystem (SHIME®) - Fábio Fernandes de Araújo; David de Paulo Farias; Zongyao Huyan; Thisun Ranpatabendi; Juliana Villasante; Glaucia Maria Pastore; Alexandra Christine Helena Frankland Sawaya; Vincenzo Fogliano (Food Chemistry, 2025)

Philippine functional foods: A new frontier in noncommunicable diseases prevention - Myra O. Villareal; Lotis E. Mopera; Gladys C. Completo; Ruel C. Nacario; Marissa V. Romero; Katherine Ann T. Castillo-Israel; Rona Camille M. Lizardo-Agustin; Marianne Joy G. Laya; Roi Miguel M. Obdosantos; Christel Leo O. Romano; Jocelyn E. Serrano; Samuel C. Bobiles; et al. (Food and Humanity, 2025)

Erratum to “Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and radiofrequency: Risk of childhood CNS tumors in a city with elevated ELF-MF exposure” [Environ. Res. Volume 286, Part 2, 1 December 2025, 122858] - Víctor Correa‐Correa; Juan Carlos Núñez‐Enríquez; Gabor Mezei; Roberto Rivera‐Luna; José Gabriel Peñaloza‐González; Salvador Daniel Rivas-Carrillo; Cuauhtémoc Gil Ortiz-Mejía; Claudia Flores-Robles; Erick Velasco-Ramírez; Mario Alexis del Real-Gallegos; Janet Flores‐Lujano; Fernanda Valeria Flores-Pérez; et al. (Environmental Research, 2025)

Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and radiofrequency: Risk of childhood CNS tumors in a city with elevated ELF-MF exposure - Víctor Correa‐Correa; Juan Carlos Núñez‐Enríquez; Gabor Mezei; Roberto Rivera‐Luna; José Gabriel Peñaloza‐González; Salvador Daniel Rivas-Carrillo; Cuauhtémoc Gil Ortiz-Mejía; Claudia Flores-Robles; Erick Velasco-Ramírez; Mario Alexis del Real-Gallegos; Janet Flores‐Lujano; Fernanda Valeria Flores-Pérez; et al. (Environmental Research, 2025)

3D-printed chitosan-starch mesh filled with minocycline-alginate hydrogel for dual anti-Staphylococcus aureus and osteogenic effects - Sara Cardoso; Victor Martin; Joana Cabrita Pereira; Ana Beatriz David; Rita Araújo; Lídia Gonçalves; Mariana Landin; Pedro Gomes; Maria Pia Ferraz; Isabel A.C. Ribeiro; Ana Bettencourt (Carbohydrate Polymers, 2025)

Flood-Fire Interplays in Wetlands: The Rising of an Actionable Field of Study - Geraldo Alves Damasceno-Junior; Alexandre de Matos Martins Pereira; Bambang Hero Saharjo; Sally Archibald; Beibei Zhang; Bibiana Bilbao; Bruno Henrique dos Santos Ferreira; Carol Kagaba Kairumba; Danilo Bandini Ribeiro; David G. Campbell; Denis Mburu Njoroge; Dennis Twinomujuni; et al. (Wetlands, 2025)
Floods and fires are part of the ecological regime in many wetlands, yet their interconnectedness is poorly explored. Climate extremes, such as droughts and heatwaves, are increasing fire frequency and intensity, while changing rainfall patterns make floods more unpredictable. These events shape wetland physiognomy, species composition, and functioning. Different wetlands experience varying fire exposure; seasonally inundated grasslands burn almost annually, whereas tropical forests rarely catch fire. Some wetlands are more resilient to fire, drought, and floods than others. Communities dependent on wetlands possess ecological knowledge that supports adaptation, enhancing ecosystem resilience. Though often studied separately, floods and fires in wetlands are interrelated. In addition to environmental aspects, social, cultural and associated traditional knowledge dimensions must be included in conservation processes for these environments. A holistic understanding is crucial for conservation. Researchers from sixteen countries propose a new field of study on flood-fire interactions to improve wetland management and sustainability.

Fermentation of Non-Centrifugal Cane Sugar for Low-Sugar Sweeteners Production: Functional and Physical properties Analysis - Juan David Camelo-Rangel; Jader Rodríguez-Cortina; Maria Hernández-Carrión (Sugar Tech, 2025)

The CALHM1 blocker CGP37157 increases seizure severity during status epilepticus in adult mice - Meghma Mitra; Amaya Sanz Rodriguez; Norman Delanty; Alan Beausang; Francesca M. Brett; Michael A. Farrell; Jane Cryan; Donncha F. O’Brien; David Henshall; Maria F. Cano-Abad; Tobias Engel (Purinergic Signalling, 2025)
Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic brain diseases affecting up to 70 million people worldwide. Major challenges of epilepsy treatment include the high pharmacoresistance in patients and the lack of disease-modification. Extracellular adenosine 3’triphosphate (ATP), a key neurotransmitter in the activation of the purinergic signalling system, is increasingly recognized to contribute to pathological brain hyperexcitability in epilepsy. Consequently, targeting ATP-release mechanisms may constitute a new therapeutic strategy for seizure control and epilepsy. The calcium channel, Calcium Homeostasis Modulator 1 (CALHM1), a voltage-gated, non-selective ion channel that permits the passage of various cations and small molecules, is expressed in neurons and plays an essential role during neuronal excitability and neurotransmission. In addition to ions, CALHM1 also allows the passage of ATP into the extracellular space, activating thereby purinergic receptors. Here, we tested if the pharmacological blocking of CALHM1 via CGP37157 (7-chloro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-3,5-dihydro-4,1-benzothiazepin-2-(1H)-one) alters the severity of intra-amygdala kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. Our results show that CGP37157 increased the severity of seizures during status epilepticus. In addition, CALHM1 protein levels are down-regulated in the hippocampus in epileptic mice and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) patients. In summary, our results identify CALHM1 as a new contributor to seizures and suggest targeting of CALHM1 as new treatment strategy for epilepsy.

Essential oil microencapsulated fumigant: an innovative technology against Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boheman, 1833) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) - David Jossue Lopez Espinosa; Karen Oliveira de Menezes; Alice Maria Nascimento Araújo; Valdemir da Costa Silva; Irinaldo Diniz Basílio Júnior; Roseane Cristina Predes Trindade (Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 2025)

Phenotypic diversity of Saharan wheat landraces growing on oasis farms in Algeria: the influence of climate and geography on the distribution of traits - Sabrina Oumata; Philippe Monneveux; Maria Zaharieva; Samia Yahiaoui; Leila Mekliche-Hanifi; Jacques David (Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2025)

Pre-surgery gut microbial diversity and abundance are associated with post-surgery onset of cachexia in colorectal cancer patients: the ColoCare Study - Mmadili N. Ilozumba; Maria F. Gomez; Tengda Lin; Caroline Himbert; June L. Round; W. Zac Stephens; Christy A. Warby; Sheetal Hardikar; Christopher I. Li; Jane C. Figueiredo; Victoria Damerell; Gary C. Fillmore; et al. (Cancer Causes & Control, 2025)
Background Cachexia accounts for about 20% of all cancer-related deaths and it is indicative of poor prognosis and progressive functional impairment. The role of the gut microbiome in the development of cachexia in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients has not been established. Methods Pre-surgical stool samples from n = 103 stage I–III CRC patients in the ColoCare Study were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing (Illumina) to characterize fecal bacteria. We calculated estimates of alpha- and beta-diversity and a priori- and exploratory-selected bacterial relative abundance. Using Fearon criteria, cachexia onset at 6 months post-surgery was defined as > 5% weight loss over the past 6 months and/or body mass index (BMI) of < 20 kg/m 2 and weight loss of > 2%. Associations of microbial metrics with cachexia onset were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models. Results Higher alpha-diversity was positively associated with cachexia onset, with stronger associations in females, patients < 65 years, those receiving adjuvant treatment, consuming high fiber, or with energy intake outside USDA recommendations ( p < 0.05). Porphyromonas (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.26–0.89, p = 0.03) and Actinomyces (OR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.48–1.03, p = 0.08) were inversely associated with cachexia, although the association for Actinomyces did not reach statistical significance. Stratified analyses revealed a stronger inverse association between Porphyromonas and cachexia onset in males, patients with rectal or stage III tumors, those receiving neoadjuvant treatment, physically inactive individuals, and those consuming low fiber. However, these associations did not reach statistical significance (0.05 ≤ p < 0.10). Conclusion Higher gut microbial alpha-diversity and lower relative abundances of the genera Porphyromonas and Actinomyces in pre-surgery stool samples were associated with onset of cachexia in CRC patients six months post-surgery. This is the first study to explore a link between the gut microbiome and cachexia in CRC patients, providing novel insights into the biology of cachexia and potential clinical interventions.

Subterranean Invertebrate Fauna in Iron Formations From Southeastern Brazil: A Comparison Between Caves and Mesovoid Shallow Substratum - Lígia Maria Saback Moreira Dornellas; Pedro Giovâni da Silva; Augusto S. Auler; David C. Culver; Tanja Pipan (Journal of Biogeography, 2025)
Aim We aimed to understand the ecological connections between caves and mesovoid shallow substratum (MSS) in Iron Formations from southeastern Brazil. Location Iron Quadrangle and Southern Espinhaço Range, southeastern Brazil. Taxon Subterranean invertebrates. Methods Our dataset compiles species distribution data of subterranean invertebrates from long‐term monitoring projects conducted in three localities: Brumadinho, Itabirito, and Conceição do Mato Dentro. Sampling occurred from April 2007 to December 2023 using active search methods in caves and MSS traps in iron‐duricrust (canga) formations. We used multivariate analyses to compare the invertebrate composition between caves and MSS. We also assessed the effect of geographic distance between them on total β‐diversity, species replacement, and richness differences. Results We recorded 97,967 individuals and 1588 invertebrate morphospecies: 11,738 individuals and 994 morphospecies in caves, and 86,229 individuals and 945 morphospecies in MSS. Six phyla were sampled, with Arthropoda comprising 98% of all organisms. In total, 351 invertebrate morphospecies (22.1%) were shared between caves and MSS, with 643 (40.5%) sampled only in caves and 594 (37.4%) restricted to MSS. Only four subterranean‐specialised invertebrates were shared between caves and MSS. Species composition differed more between subterranean environments than between localities, with β‐diversity analyses revealing high species replacement as the primary driver. Geographic distance played a negligible role in compositional differences (Sorensen dissimilarity) between caves and MSS, with β‐diversity always above 83% regardless of the distance between these environments. Main Conclusions Caves and MSS in Iron Formations support distinct subterranean invertebrate communities, with more species restricted to each environment than shared, regardless of the geographic distance or structural connectivity between them. These findings highlight the ecological relevance of both environments and their role in sustaining biodiversity within Iron Formation systems. Consequently, conserving both environments is needed to protect the full extent of subterranean biodiversity in these unique ecosystems.

Prof Stephen P. Long, FRS (1950–2025) - Lorenzo Álvarez‐Filip; Edith Bai; Carl J. Bernacchi; Rhea Bruno; Klaus Butterbach‐Bahl; Maria Byrne; I‐Ching Chen; Shaolin Chen; William W. L. Cheung; M. Francesca Cotrufo; Tatenda Dalu; Xiaojuan Feng; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2025)

Open problems in ageing science: a roadmap for biogerontology - Angelo Talay; Aleksey V. Belikov; Paul Ka Po To; Hamid H. Alfatemi; Uri Alon; Joris Deelen; Collin Y. Ewald; David Gems; Vera Gorbunova; Jan Gruber; Sara Hägg; John Hemming; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)

Climate warming and the persistence of buried ice in the Pyrenees: Multi-Proxy evidence from Clots de la Menera cirque (Andorra) - Marc Oliva; Josep Ventura; Valentí Turu; Xavier Ros; Anna Echeverria; Attila Çiner; M. Akif Sarıkaya; Claudia Pérez-Ramos; Julia García-Oteyza; Josep Maria Bonsoms; Oriol Monserrat; Pedro Espín-López; et al. (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2025)

Understanding and managing species range shifts: first observed mixed-species outbreak and coral predation by crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster brevispinus and A. cf. solaris) on subtropical reefs - Brigitte Sommer; Hamish A. Malcolm; Christopher Cooney; Steven J. Dalton; Shawna A. Foo; Nicola Fraser; Tsai-Hsuan Tony Hsu; David Maguire; Matt J. Nimbs; Nicole Strehling; Monique Webb; Maria Byrne (Marine Environmental Research, 2025)

A piRNA modulates the levels of 20-hydroxyecdysone in the ovary of the German cockroach - Judit Gonzalvo; Nuria Farrus; Jorge Escudero; Petra Berková; Martin Moos; Marcela Nouzova; Fernando G. Noriega; David Pujal; Josep Bau; Maria-Dolors Piulachs (Journal of Insect Physiology, 2025)

Analysis of source regions and transport pathways of sub-micron aerosol components in Europe - Michelle Y. Schneider; Jianhui Jiang; Ying Chen; Wenche Aas; Samira Atabakhsh; Minna Aurela; Claudio Belis; Aikaterini Bougiatioti; Michael Bressi; Francesco Canonaco; Benjamin Chazeau; Hasna Chebaicheb; et al. (Environmental Pollution, 2025)

Validation of pharmacokinetic model for quizartinib quantified by UPLC-MS/MS in patients with FLT3-ITD negative newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia - Antonio Solana-Altabella; Carles Iniesta-Navalón; Maria Chovi-Trull; Rebeca Rodriguez-Veiga; Marina Lopez-Nogueroles; David Martínez-Cuadrón; Mayte Gil-Candel; Laura Torres-Miñana; Evelyn Acuña-Cruz; Isabel Cano-Ferri; Blanca Boluda; Irene Navarro-Vicente; et al. (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2025)
Purpose Quizartinib pharmacokinetics in FLT3-ITD negative acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain largely unexplored. This study aims to validate a population pharmacokinetics model (popPK) for quizartinib in plasma samples of FLT3-ITD negative AML patients. To do so, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the quantification of quizartinib. Methods Plasma samples were collected from FLT3-ITD negative newly diagnosed AML patients undergoing quizartinib therapy at induction in the QUIWI phase II clinical trial [NCT04107727, PETHEMA group] between March 2020 and February 2022. The UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated. A previously described popPK model was validated using external validation techniques and implemented using the software NONMEM v7.5. Results The developed UPLC-MS/MS method demonstrated high accuracy and precision with a linear range of 6 to 200 ng/mL, with relative standard deviation between 3–11 and accuracy of 88–97% from nominal values. The external validation of the quizartinib popPK model showed minimal bias at the population level (MdPE: -9.86%; ME: 0.50 ng/mL, p = 0.964), but moderate imprecision (MdAPE: 32.28%) and suboptimal accuracy (F20: 24.5%; F30: 43.4%). Individual predictions improved performance, with negligible bias (MdPE: -0.50%), acceptable precision (MdAPE: 11.27%), and F20 (64.2%) and F30 (77.4%) exceeding predefined thresholds. Visual predictive checks confirmed adequate prediction of median concentrations, though some deviations occurred at extremes. Conclusion This study presents a replicable UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of quizartinib in plasma. The validated popPK model can be used to optimize dosing strategies in future clinical studies.

Movement Patterns of the Invasive Atlantic Blue Crab in a Northeastern Atlantic Estuary - João Encarnação; Pedro Morais; David Abecasis; Lucas Martínez-Ramírez; Melissa Barra; Vânia Baptista; Claudio Carere; Maria Alexandra Teodósio (Estuaries and Coasts, 2025)

Understanding and predicting the geographic distributions of phlebotomine sand flies in and around Europe - Danyang Wang; Anouschka R. Hof; Kevin D. Matson; Frank van Langevelde; Vít Dvořák; Ognyan Mikov; Ivelina Katerinova; Simona Tchakarova; Maria Antoniou; Jorian Prudhomme; Denis Sereno; Baptiste Vergnes; et al. (Climatic Change, 2025)
Climate and land-use changes influence the transmission of vector-borne diseases by affecting the distribution and survival of disease vectors. Numerous diseases are transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae), including leishmaniasis. Several major sand fly-borne diseases are responsible for high global disease burdens and high socio-economic costs. In Europe, over 20 known sand fly vector species are largely confined to the Mediterranean Basin, yet records of sand fly presence further north increase. Global warming is predicted to drive the spread of sand flies to large areas of Europe in the 21th century, an effect likely to be exacerbated by anthropogenic factors. However, the constraints to the geographic distributions of sand flies are not well understood. This study aims to increase the understanding of the drivers of the geographic distributions of sand flies, using species distribution modelling to systematically test links between sand fly occurrences and climatic, land-use, lithological, biodiversity and human population variables in Europe and adjacent Mediterranean regions. We found that moisture is the most important environmental variable both in explaining and in predicting sand fly occurrences. The projected suitable habitats are larger than the current known sand fly distributions, and these habitats are expected to expand due to changes in climate and land-use.

Toward Scientific Clarity in the Evolutionary Puzzle of Austropotamobius Crayfish - Lucian Pârvulescu; David Livadariu; Alexandru E. Mizeranschi; Marinela A. Chețan; Andreea M. Lamoly; Mihaela C. Ion; Ana‐Maria Neacă; Márta S. Mészáros; Ana Molnar; Ecaterina Mocioacă; Alina Satmari; Lucian Fusu; et al. (Journal of Biogeography, 2025)
Aim Illuminating the evolutionary history of Austropotamobius crayfish by uncovering patterns of biodiversity and biogeographical processes, thereby providing a foundation for accurate taxonomy and targeted conservation strategies. Location Europe. Time Period Miocene to present. Major Taxa Studied The crayfish genus Austropotamobius . Methods We synthesised existing knowledge and conducted additional analyses to resolve uncertainties in lineage divergence and distribution. Genetic variation across geographical regions was assessed using mitochondrial COI haplotypes, paired with accurate geolocation data from literature. Divergence times were estimated using a genus‐specific molecular clock calibrated to the tectonic‐driven separation of Austropotamobius bihariensis from its Dinaric relatives, based on 936 base pairs of concatenated COI and 16S mitochondrial sequences. To reconstruct historical connectivity and gene flow direction among regional populations, we applied coalescent‐based models comparing alternative scenarios. Results Our analysis suggests the common ancestor of Austropotamobius diverged ~30 Ma, coinciding with the temporary fragmentation of Balkanatolia from Western Europe, forming two major evolutionary lineages. In the west, between the Alps and Pyrenees, A. pallipes showed low genetic diversity and broad distribution. From this lineage, A. fulcisianus emerged around 14 Ma during an Alpine embayment, colonising the forming Italian Peninsula and later expanding into the southern Dinarides during the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Human‐mediated translocations further extended its range into Western and Northern Europe. The second major lineage, A. torrentium , spans Central and Eastern Europe and includes eight ancient, monophyletic and endemic lineages concentrated in the north‐central Dinarides (NCD), except for the most basal branch, A. bihariensis , located in the Apuseni Mountains. Two younger lineages expanded across the Balkans and Central Europe, likely beginning around 6.8 Ma with the formation of the Palaeo‐Danube system. Main Conclusions This study refines the evolutionary trajectory of Austropotamobius , highlights taxonomic clarification and underscores the need to reassess several lineages to support genuine, evolutionarily informed conservation strategies.

Effects of Biodiversity Loss on Freshwater Ecosystem Functions Increase With the Number of Stressors - Ralf B. Schäfer; Daria Baikova; Helena S. Bayat; Arne J. Beermann; Stella A. Berger; Jens Boenigk; Mario Brauns; Andrea Burfeid‐Castellanos; Bradley J. Cardinale; Gwendoline M. David; Alexander Feckler; Christian K. Feld; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2025)
A multitude of anthropogenic stressors drive biodiversity loss and alter ecosystem functioning. Freshwaters, which contribute disproportionally to global biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles, are particularly threatened. Although the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functions (BEF) is generally well‐established, especially in terrestrial ecosystems, the role of multiple, co‐occurring stressors in modulating the relationship remains unclear. We conducted a meta‐analysis to address this knowledge gap by assessing the effect of multiple stressors on the relationship between taxon richness and four measures of ecosystem function. The relationship was generally positive, with the slope becoming steeper as the number of stressors increased, suggesting that exposure to multiple stressors exacerbates impacts of biodiversity loss on ecosystem function. Multiple stressor effects on both taxon richness and ecosystem functions were largely predictable from individual stressor effects, although antagonistic effects on ecosystem functions emerged in 14% of the considered cases. The type of stressor and ecosystem function, along with taxonomic group, exerted no influence on the BEF relationship, contrary to our expectations. Microbial production and biomass declined most strongly in response to stressors, despite notable variability. Overall, our findings imply that functional consequences of freshwater biodiversity loss are more severe under multifaceted environmental change than previously assumed.

The italian national genomic strategy: current status, challenges, and future perspectives in clinical practice and public health - Francesco Andrea Causio; Sara Farina; Alessandra Maio; Flavia Beccia; Luigi Russo; Valentina Baccolini; Matteo Chiara; Americo Cicchetti; Gualtiero I. Colombo; Giovanni Comandé; Domenico Coviello; Ruggero De Maria; et al. (Journal of Community Genetics, 2025)
This article presents the outcomes of a national initiative aimed at developing a technical document to support the future Italian National Genomic Strategy, carried out from 2021 to 2024 through the collaboration of 14 research institutions. The project was designed to align with major European genomic initiatives, particularly the “1 + Million Genomes” (1 + MG) Declaration and its supporting programs, including Beyond 1 Million Genomes (B1 + MG), the Genomic Data Infrastructure (GDI), and Genome of Europe (GoE). The initiative was structured around 12 National Mirror Groups (NMGs), each addressing a specific domain such as clinical implementation, ethical and legal issues, data governance, health economics, and public engagement. Through expert consensus and coordinated activities, the project produced a comprehensive technical document outlining seven strategic lines and related intervention areas. These include the integration of genomic testing into clinical practice, development of specialized genomic centers, creation of a national genomic data infrastructure, professional training, and public education. The proposed strategy emphasizes equitable access to genomic medicine, the use of health technology assessment to evaluate new technologies, and the importance of citizen engagement and literacy. By fostering collaboration among institutions, healthcare professionals, and the public, the final goal is to position Italy as a leader in genomic medicine and ensure the responsible, effective, and ethical use of genomics in public health and clinical care.

An outbreak of Urochloa decumbens intoxication in goats from Northeast Brazil - Silvio M.C. Fonseca; Givaldo B. Silva Filho; Elizandra T. Melo; Andrezza C. Andrade; José R.P. Santos; Maria Luiza S.L. Frota; Joaquim Evêncio-Neto; Telma S. Lima; Paula R. Pereira; David Driemeier; Fábio de Souza Mendonça (Toxicon, 2025)

Influence of local factors on the expression of the early Aptian OAE 1a – insights from a pelagic basin in the Western Tethys - José Manuel Castro; Cristina Sequero; Maria Luisa Quijano; Ginés A. de Gea; B. David A. Naafs; Richard D. Pancost (Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2025)

Human-centric ensemble AI for hydrothermal carbonization modeling and hydrochar properties prediction - Omar M. Abdeldayem; Eslam G. Al-Sakkari; Darwin Ortiz; Capucine Dupont; David Ferras; Mohamed-Salah Ouali; Ahmed Ragab; Maria Kennedy (Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2025)

Capturing the sensory and emotional dynamics of cosmetic creams during usage: A temporal dominance approach - Maria Rosaria Giuffrè; Lapo Pierguidi; Aurélie Coubart; Caterina Dinnella; Aude Charbonneau; Erminio Monteleone; David Morizet; Sara Spinelli (Food Quality and Preference, 2025)

Effect of colonic fermentation of uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess) fractions on phenolic compounds and gut microbiota composition: An in vitro study using the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®) - David de Paulo Farias; Fábio Fernandes de Araújo; Zongyao Huyan; Juliana Villasante; Thisun Ranpatabendi; Vincenzo Fogliano; Glaucia Maria Pastore (Food Chemistry, 2025)

Development and identification of diamine-based functional deep eutectic solvents for CO2 capture - Qiangbing Shi; Kaige Jia; Xiangping Zhang; Chuan Wang; Paul Cobden; Anna-Maria Beregi Amnéus; David Muren; Xiaoyan Ji (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025)

Landscape evolution and chronostratigraphic correlations of the cave entrance depositional environments and palaeosols of the Gran Dolina unit TD10 (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain) - Lila Warnitz; David Manuel Martín-Perea; Andreu Ollé; Palmira Saladié; Antonio Rodríguez-Hidalgo; Marina Mosquera; Josep Maria Parés; Eudald Carbonell; Josep Vallverdú (CATENA, 2025)

The effects of climatic and soil properties on soil water repellency - Maria Then; Soudabeh Shemehsavar; David J. Henry; Richard J. Harper (CATENA, 2025)

Low-δ18O (−8 ‰, VSMOW) Paleoproterozoic and discordant zircon: Lessons learned from using a combination of traditional bulk and in situ approaches - David Zakharov; André Navin Paul; Dylan P. Colòn; Maria Ovtcharova; Benita Putlitz; Anne-Sophie Bouvier; Afrid Abdaly Sheik; Dmitry Zozulya; Martin Robyr (Chemical Geology, 2025)

Analgesic and neuroprotective effect of a lipid transfer protein isolated from Morinda citrifolia L. (noni) seeds on oxaliplatin-induced peripheral sensory neuropathy in mice - Francisco Rafael Alves Santana Cesário; Jonas Costa de França; Anamaria Falcão Pereira; Diego Bernardo Souza Dias; Amanda Rocha de Oliveira; Andrea Santos Costa; Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves; Nylane Maria Nunes de Alencar; Hermógenes David de Oliveira; Mariana Lima Vale (Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 2025)

Taking Health into Your Own Hands: Evaluating Patient and Provider Perspectives of Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling for Cervical Cancer Screenings and Opportunities for Education - Stella Roth; Breanne Lott; Jerlin Garo; Jordan Allen; Sara Krivacsy; Emily Buttigieg; Jessica Atrio; Maria Young; David Cepeda; Brittany Miller; Amr Soliman (Journal of Cancer Education, 2025)

Comparative analysis of the temporal abundance of the epiphytic pest, Melanothamnus thailandicus, affecting farmed Kappaphycus striatus: Visual and molecular detection approaches - Joseph P. Faisan; Rema C. Sibonga; Maria Rovilla J. Luhan; Victor Marco Emmanuel N. Ferriols; Jonalyn P. Mateo; Janina Brakel; Juliet Brodie; Georgia M. Ward; David Bass; Stuart Ross; Grant D. Stentiford; Claire Gachon; et al. (Journal of Applied Phycology, 2025)

Whole Genome Sequencing Reveals How Plasticity and Genetic Differentiation Underlie Sympatric Morphs of Arctic Charr - Khrystyna Kurta; Mariano Olivera Fedi; Kendall Baker; Tom Barker; Leah Catchpole; Claudio Ciofi; Arianna Cocco; Joanna Collins; Genevieve Diedericks; Maria Angela Diroma; Alex Durrant; Kjetil Hindar; et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2025)
Salmonids have a remarkable ability to form sympatric morphs after postglacial colonisation of freshwater lakes. These morphs often differ in morphology, feeding and spawning behaviour. Here, we explored the genetic basis of morph differentiation in Arctic charr ( n = 283) by first establishing a high‐quality reference genome and then using this in whole genome sequencing of distinct morphs present in two Norwegian and two Icelandic lakes. The four lakes represent the spectrum of genetic differentiation between morphs from one lake with no genetic differentiation between morphs, implying phenotypic plasticity, to two lakes with locus‐specific genetic differentiation, implying incomplete reproductive isolation, and one lake with strong genome‐wide divergence consistent with complete reproductive isolation. As many as 12 putative inversions ranging from 0.45 to 3.25 Mbp in size segregated among the four morphs present in one lake, Thingvallavatn, and these contributed significantly to the genetic differentiation among morphs. None of the putative inversions were found in any of the other lakes, but there were cases of partial haplotype sharing in similar morph contrasts in other lakes. Our findings are consistent with a highly polygenic basis of morph differentiation with population‐specific selection on alleles linked to the development of similar morph phenotypes. The results support a model where morph differentiation is first established through phenotypic plasticity, leading to niche expansion and separation. This may be followed by gradual development of reproductive isolation, locus‐specific differentiation and eventually complete reproductive isolation and genome‐wide divergence.

A global meta‐analysis of ecological functions and regulating ecosystem services of freshwater bivalves - Alexandra Zieritz; Joshua I. Brian; Ronaldo Sousa; David C. Aldridge; Carla L. Atkinson; Karel Douda; Caryn Vaughn; Yulia Bespalaya; Tabitha Richmond; Adam M. Ćmiel; Alma Crisp; Andreas H. Dobler; et al. (Limnology and Oceanography, 2025)
Freshwater bivalves are globally distributed, diverse, and common in benthic communities. Many taxa, particularly in the most species‐rich order, Unionida, are declining due to anthropogenic stressors, while a small number of non‐native species have become increasingly abundant and widespread, commonly replacing native bivalve assemblages. To understand how these global changes may impact ecosystems and people, we conducted a meta‐analysis of existing literature quantifying the ecological functions (= supporting or intermediate ecosystem services) and regulating ecosystem services of freshwater bivalves (hereafter “ecosystem services”). Random effects meta‐analysis modeling across 447 case studies revealed a positive effect on human health, safety, or comfort of freshwater bivalve ecosystem services overall and specifically, via effects on native macrofauna, microorganisms, wastes, and pollutants, and the physico‐chemical condition or quantity of sediments. Generally, effects of native species and species within the orders Unionida and Venerida were more significant and positive than those of other freshwater bivalves. No significant overall effect was found for ecosystem services related to zooplankton, algae, invasive species, and the physico‐chemical condition of ambient water. Moreover, a significant bias toward publication of positive results existed for studies quantifying ecosystem services related to algae. These findings illustrate the global importance of the ecosystem services of freshwater bivalves and highlight the need for large‐scale conservation and restoration efforts for their species and populations globally, including those of common species. Our findings also question common assumptions of strong and ubiquitous effects of freshwater bivalves on algae and water condition, cautioning against extrapolating observations across systems.

Impact of Salinity on Cell Surface Chemistry of Cyanobacteria From Freshwater, Marine and Alkaline Environments: A Hidden Phosphorus Engine - David Aceituno‐Caicedo; Nigarsan Kokilathasan; Yuwei Zhao; Maria Dittrich (Environmental Microbiology, 2025)
Climate change is altering ocean salinity, impacting cyanobacteria, key primary producers with vital ecological roles. While cyanobacterial adaptations to salinity are well studied, molecular cell surface chemistry changes remain underexplored. This study examines the impact of salinity on surface properties of freshwater Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, marine Synechococcus sp. PCC8806 and alkaliphilic Spirulina platensis . Species were cultured under salinities of 2‰, 6‰, 10‰, 30‰ and 60‰. Surface chemical composition and content were characterised using infrared and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and potentiometric titration. All strains exhibited salinity‐dependent changes in surface charge and functional group expression, reflecting distinct adaptation strategies. In non‐marine strains, salinity stress led to decreased phosphoryl signals and increased lipid saturation, consistent with phospholipid replacement and reduced membrane fluidity. We propose membrane phospholipids as a phosphorus reservoir, mobilised to support biosynthesis and ion homeostasis. In contrast, Syn . PCC8806 increased phosphoryl‐associated signals and membrane fluidity across salinity conditions, consistent with phosphatidylglycerol enrichment to maintain photosynthetic function. Surface chemical shifts support a model where membrane remodelling is central to species‐specific acclimatisation, balancing nutrient conservation with functional integrity. This work enhances understanding of microbial adaptation under osmotic stress and provides insight for predicting cyanobacterial blooms, designing biotechnological systems.

Surface-based morphometry reveals divergent aging trajectories in veterans with and without traumatic brain injury - Michelle C. Eliason; Amrutha Bindu Nagella; Cristian Cuadra; David S. Wack; Ghazala T. Saleem; Michael Weiner; Paul Aisen; Ronald Petersen; Clifford R. Jack; William Jagust; John Q. Trojanowki; Arthur W. Toga; et al. (GeroScience, 2025)

Detection and Quantification of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Infestation in Rice Seeds using the X-Ray Technique and Influence on Their Quality - Ivan David Briceño-Pinzón; Raquel Maria de Oliveira Pires; Mayra Alejandra Rincón Rueda; Lívia Karine Pereira; Júlia Lima Baute; Marcela Carlota Nery; Geraldo Andrade Carvalho (Neotropical Entomology, 2025)

Anaerobic methane oxidation can impact phosphorus retention in lake sediments - Xiaoqing Shao; Khoren Avetisyan; David Sweetnam; Maria Dittrich (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2025)

Towards self-sufficiency: a socio-technical model to identify the transition pathways to flexible prosumers and the role of policy mixes - Mart van der Kam; Maria Lagomarsino; David Parra; Ulf J. J. Hahnel (Sustainability Science, 2025)
Prosumer households can play a pivotal role in advancing energy sufficiency, but their behaviours are shaped not only by individual motivation,s but also by macro-level factors such as policy mixes and the availability of specific technologies and business models. This structure–agency nexus becomes particularly apparent in the integration of decentralized energy sources, the reduction of overall demand, and the adoption of flexible consumption practices. Flexibility can be offered by electric vehicles (EVs), heat pumps, and storage batteries, but fully exploiting the technologies environmental benefits requires adaptations in household consumer behaviour. However, energy models have so far focused on the adoption of single technologies in isolation, overlooking the interaction between individual preferences and contextual conditions. The present study addresses this gap by examining pathways towards energy self-sufficiency in prosumer households through co-adoption as well as flexible use of photovoltaic (PV) panels, EVs, heat pumps, and storage systems under different policy mixes. Using an agent-based model informed by discrete choice experiments with 1469 Swiss participants and a prosumer household energy flow model, we assess the impacts of individual motivations, policy mixes, and technology combinations on energy self-sufficiency from 2022 to 2050. Our findings reveal that environmentally motivated prosumers are more likely to adopt flexible practices, which in turn enhances long-term self-sufficiency. In contrast, financial incentives alone may drive adoption without supporting sustainable usage practices. The results show that while flexible technologies are increasingly adopted over time, their relative share diminishes. Early adopters provide energy flexibility by combining PV systems with EVs, heat pumps, home storage, and smart energy systems, whereas later adopters are less inclined to adopt this setup. These findings underscore the importance of policies that incentivize not only technology adoption, but also flexible usage to increase household self-sufficiency over time.

Global mapping and environmental drivers of epipelagic bacterial communities in the open oceans - Luca Vitanza; Anna Maria Coccia; Alessia Peluso; David Brandtner; Anna Muratore; Fulvio Ferrara; Luca Lucentini; Andrea Piccioli; Giuseppina La Rosa; Rossella Briancesco (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2025)
Introduction This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the microbial communities in marine environments across different geographical regions, including the Mediterranean Sea (Northwest and Southwest), the Atlantic Ocean, the Arctic Ocean, and the Indian Ocean. The goal of this research is to examine the diversity and composition of microbial life in these ecosystems and investigate the impact of environmental factors on microbial communities. Materials and methods High-throughput NGS sequencing techniques of the V3-V4 variable region of the 16S rRNA gene was employed to identify bacterial composition of the epipelagic communities in 45 water samples, using the MiSeq rRNA amplicon sequencing protocol (Illumina). Shannon index was used to described population diversity in samples. Results We identified significant differences in the bacterial composition of these ecosystems, highlighting the dominance of Proteobacteria , Cyanobacteria , and specific genera such as SAR11, Alteromonas , and Synechococcus . Variations in microbial communities were strongly influenced by environmental factors such as temperature and salinity. Notably, the Mediterranean exhibited the highest microbial diversity, while the Atlantic displayed thelowest. Discussion Our results reveal the complex interplay between microbial life and environmental conditions, emphasizing the need for long-term monitoring of these communities. These baseline data are essential for understanding the impacts of climate change and anthropogenic pollution on marine ecosystems. By improving our understanding of microbial biodiversity and its connection to ecological and human health, this study contributes to the broader goal of planetary health, offering a foundation for future efforts to mitigate the effects of environmental alterations.

Variation in patterns of production and water-use efficiency among agroecosystems - Olivia L. Hajek; Nicole E. Kaplan; Shefali Azad; Philip A. Fay; Makki Khorchani; Amanda M. Nelson; Adam P. Schreiner-McGraw; Lori J. Abendroth; Claire Baffaut; John Baker; Brandon T. Bestelmeyer; Elizabeth H. Boughton; et al. (Science of The Total Environment, 2025)

Prevalence, identification and antimicrobial sensitivity profile of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus colonizing dogs, cats and humans in a veterinary hospital, Brazil - Ricardo Antonio Pilegi Sfaciotte; Leandro Parussolo; Fernanda Danielle Melo; Luis Henrique Pompelli; Naiara Dognani Israel; David Germano Gonçalves Schwarz; Ubirajara Maciel da Costa; Sandra Maria Ferraz (Research in Veterinary Science, 2025)

Foraminiferal palaeoecology of the Aptian/Albian deposits of the Romualdo Formation (Araripe Basin) in northeastern of Brazil - Rilda C. Araripe; David H. D. Oliveira; Marta C. Viviers; Renata Moura De Mello; Anne C. M. Brandão; Bruno Fernandes; Rizoaldo Barbosa; Anny R. de A. Carvalho; Jefferson Santos; Maria Emília T. R. Tomé; Flávia A. Pedrosa Lemos; Ludmila A. C. Do Prado; et al. (Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments, 2025)

Network of networks: Time series clustering of AmeriFlux sites - David E Reed; Housen Chu; Brad G. Peter; Jiquan Chen; Michael Abraha; Brian Amiro; Ray G. Anderson; M. Altaf Arain; Paulo Arruda; Greg A. Barron-Gafford; Carl Bernacchi; Daniel P. Beverly; et al. (Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2025)

Genetic alterations in coronary cell lines exposed to sirolimus and paclitaxel - Elaine Aparecida de Camargo; Glenda Nicioli da Silva; João Paulo de Castro Marcondes; David Corrêa Martins; Wilson Nadruz; Roberto Schreiber; Décio Salvadori; Daisy Maria Fávero Salvadori (Archives of Toxicology, 2025)

Native Trees of the Mediterranean Region: Distribution, Diversity and Conservation Challenges - Bruno Fady; Anna-Maria Farsakoglou; Mercedes Caron; Khaled Abulaila; Jelena Aleksic; Sajad Alipour; Dalibor Balian; Heba Bedair; Faruk Bogunić; Marwan Cheikh Albassatneh; Rakefet David-Schwartz; Carmen Delgado Clavero; et al. (Current Forestry Reports, 2025)
Purpose of Review While 38% of tree species are at risk of extinction worldwide, their inventory and occurrence at ecologically and biogeographically meaningful scales is lacking in many parts of the world, including the biodiversity-rich Mediterranean region. Here, we provide presence/absence, extinction risk, biogeography and genetic diversity data of trees in 39 climatically and ecologically Mediterranean territories (so-called “botanical territories”) in North Africa, Western Asia and Southern Europe. Recent Findings The inventory includes 496 species and 147 subspecies from 50 families and 111 genera, including 48 species and 8 subspecies previously not considered as trees. We show that native tree species distribution is highly skewed across the tree of life with a few species-rich families such as the Rosaceae and the majority with less than 1% of all species. Endemism was not evenly distributed among botanical territories and neither was extinction risk, an assessment of which was lacking in almost half of the species. While no geographic trends were detectable, species richness was found to be positively correlated with botanical territory area and, when standardized by area, with habitat heterogeneity. Information on genetic diversity was lacking in two thirds of the species inventoried and mostly focused on species with economic importance. Summary Our data are open access and can be used by researchers and stakeholders for a wide range of purposes, including conservation and restoration. Our findings identified major native tree richness hotspots as well as key knowledge gaps and biases related to extinction risk and genetic diversity. Our findings also emphasize the importance of increased collaboration to support the conservation of Mediterranean forest trees.

New paleoecological insights for the Late Pleistocene Neanderthal mountain occurrence at Buena Pinta Cave (Iberian Central System, Pinilla-del-Valle, Madrid, Spain) - Hugues-Alexandre Blain; César Laplana; Christian Sánchez-Bandera; Clara Mielgo; Ángel Blanco-Lapaz; Rafael Marquina-Blasco; Ana Fagoaga; Josep Francesc Bisbal-Chinesta; David Manuel Martín-Perea; Christophe Falguères; Tom Higham; Maria Blanca Ruiz Zapata; et al. (Quaternary Science Reviews, 2025)