Seedling growth and establishment in natural stands of yellow-cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis) seedlings derived from the use of modified seed dormancy-breaking treatments - Nancy Raimondi; Allison R. Kermode (New Forests, 2004)

Genetic and cellular mechanisms in chromium and nickel carcinogenesis considering epidemiologic findings - Arthur Chiu; A.J. Katz; Jefferson Beaubier; Nancy Chiu; Xianglin Shi (Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2004)

Suspended Sediment, C, N, P, and Si Yields from the Mississippi River Basin - R. Eugene Turner; Nancy N. Rabalais (Hydrobiologia, 2004)

Names, types, and distribution of neotropical species of Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) - Timothy Plowman; Nancy Hensold (Brittonia, 2004)

Plant colonization after complete and partial removal of disturbed soils for wetland restoration of former agricultural fields in Everglades National Park - George H. Dalrymple; Robert F. Doren; Nancy K. O'Hare; Michael R. Norland; T. V. Armentano (Wetlands, 2003)

Adventitious organogenic regeneration from soybean genotypes representing nine maturity groups - Nancy A. Reichert; Margaret M. Young; Andrea L. Woods (Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2003)

Merging aquatic and terrestrial perspectives of nutrient biogeochemistry - Nancy B. Grimm; Sarah E. Gergel; William H. McDowell; Elizabeth W. Boyer; C. Lisa Dent; Peter Groffman; Stephen C. Hart; Judson Harvey; Carol Johnston; Emilio Mayorga; Michael E. McClain; Gilles Pinay (Oecologia, 2003)

Dichromatic and Trichromatic Callithrix geoffroyi Differ in Relative Foraging Ability for Red-Green Color-Camouflaged and Non-camouflaged food - Nancy G. Caine; Alison K. Surridge; Nicholas I. Mundy (International Journal of Primatology, 2003)

SU11248 inhibits tumor growth and CSF-1R-dependent osteolysis in an experimental breast cancer bone metastasis model - Lesley J. Murray; Tinya J. Abrams; Kelly R. Long; Theresa J. Ngai; Lisa M. Olson; Weiru Hong; Paul K. Keast; Jacqueline A. Brassard; Anne Marie O'Farrell; Julie M. Cherrington; Nancy K. Pryer (Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 2003)

Physcomitrella patens as a model for the study of chloroplast protein transport: conserved machineries between vascular and non-vascular plants - Nancy Rosenbaum Hofmann; Steven M. Theg (Plant Molecular Biology, 2003)

Ecological Forecasting and the Urbanization of Stream Ecosystems: Challenges for Economists, Hydrologists, Geomorphologists, and Ecologists - Christer Nilsson; James E. Pizzuto; Glenn E. Moglen; Margaret A. Palmer; Emily H. Stanley; Nancy E. Bockstael; Lisa C. Thompson (Ecosystems, 2003)

Methyl-group dietary intake and risk of breast cancer among African-American women: a case–control study by methylation status of the estrogen receptor alpha genes - Kangmin Zhu; Nancy E. Davidson; Sandra Hunter; Xiaowei Yang; Kathleen Payne-Wilks; Chanel L. Roland; Dawn Phillips; Christy Bentley; Min Dai; Scott M. Williams (Cancer Causes & Control, 2003)

Effect of Streptomyces melanosporofaciens strain EF-76 and of chitosan on common scab of potato - Julie Beauséjour; Nancy Clermont; Carole Beaulieu (Plant and Soil, 2003)

Effects of transplant type, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, and soil treatment on growth and yield of strawberry in Florida - Nancy Kokalis-Burelle (Plant and Soil, 2003)

The Development and Implementation of Indicators of Ecosystem Health in the Great Lakes Basin - Harvey. Shear; Nancy Stadler-Salt; Paul Bertram; Paul Horvatin (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2003)

Solar UV‐B decreases decomposition in herbaceous plant litter in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina: potential role of an altered decomposer community - Verónica A. Pancotto; Osvaldo E. Sala; Marta Cabello; Nancy I. López; T. Matthew Robson; Carlos L. Ballaré; Martyn M. Caldwell; Ana L. Scopel (Global Change Biology, 2003)
Tierra del Fuego, Argentina (55°S), receives increased solar ultraviolet‐B radiation (UV‐B) as a result of Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion. We conducted a field study to examine direct and indirect effects of solar UV‐B radiation on decomposition of Gunnera magellanica , a native perennial herb, and on the native community of decomposer organisms. In general, indirect effects of UV‐B mostly occur due to changes in the chemical composition of litter, whereas direct effects during decomposition result from changes in decomposer organisms and/or differences in the photochemical breakdown of litter. We designed a full‐factorial experiment using senescent leaves that had received either near‐ambient or attenuated UV‐B during growth. The leaves were distributed in litterbags and allowed to decompose under near‐ambient or reduced solar UV‐B during the growing season. We evaluated initial litter quality, mass loss, and nutrient release of decomposing litter, and microbial colonization of both initial litter and decomposed litter. We found that litter that decomposed under near‐ambient UV‐B had significantly less mass loss than litter that decomposed under reduced UV‐B. The UV‐B conditions received by plants during growth, which did not affect mass loss and nutrient composition of litter, affected fungal species composition but in different ways throughout the decomposition period. Before the decomposition trial, Beauveria bassiana and Penicillium frequentans were higher under reduced UV‐B, whereas Cladosporium herbarum and pigmented bacteria were more common under the near‐ambient compared to the reduced UV‐B treatment. After the decomposition period, leaves that had grown under reduced UV‐B showed higher frequency of Penicillium thomii and lower frequency of Trichoderma polysporum than leaves that had grown under near‐ambient conditions. The UV‐B condition received during decomposition also affected fungal colonization, with Penicillium chrysogenum being more frequent in leaves that had decomposed under reduced UV‐B, while the other species were not affected. Our results demonstrate that, in this ecosystem, the effects of UV‐B radiation on decomposition apparently occurred mostly through changes in the fungal community, while changes in photochemical breakdown appeared to be less important.

Analysis of State-Dependent Transitions in Frequency and Long-Distance Coordination in a Model Oscillatory Cortical Circuit - David J. Pinto; Stephanie R. Jones; Tasso J. Kaper; Nancy Kopell (Journal of Computational Neuroscience, 2003)

Noise-Stabilized Long-Distance Synchronization in Populations of Model Neurons - David McMillen; Nancy Kopell (Journal of Computational Neuroscience, 2003)

Compatible host/mycorrhizal fungus combinations for micropropagated sea oats - David M. Sylvia; Abid K. Alagely; Michael E. Kane; Nancy L. Philman (Mycorrhiza, 2003)

Effects of prey quantity on predatory wasps ( Polistes dominulus ) when patch quality differs - Tracy R. Armstrong; Nancy E. Stamp (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2003)

Carbon stock changes and carbon sequestration potential of Flemish cropland soils - Steven Sleutel; Stefaan De Neve; Georges Hofman; Pascal Boeckx; Daan Beheydt; Oswald Van Cleemput; Inge Mestdagh; Peter Lootens; Lucien Carlier; Nancy Van Camp; Hans Verbeeck; Inge Vande Walle; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2003)
Evaluations of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks are often based on assigning a carbon density to each one of a number of ecosystems or soil classes considered, using data from soil profiles within these categories. A better approach, in which the use of classification methods by which extrapolation of SOC data to larger areas is avoided, can only be used if enough data are available at a sufficiently small scale. Over 190 000 SOC measurements (0–24 cm) have been made in the Flemish cropland (the Northern part of Belgium) in the 1989–2000 period. These SOC data were grouped into 3‐year periods and as means plus standard deviation per (part of) community (polygons). This large dataset was used to calculate SOC stocks and their evolution with time, without data extrapolation. Using a detailed soil map, larger spatial groups of polygons were created based on soil texture and spatial location. Linear regression analysis showed that in the entire study area, SOC stocks had decreased or at best had remained stable. In total, a yearly decrease of 354 kton OC yr −1 was calculated, which corresponds with a net CO 2 emission of 1238 kton CO 2 yr −1 . Specific regions with a high carbon sequestration potential were identified, based on SOC losses during the 1989–2000 period and the mean 1999 SOC content, compared to the average SOC content of soils in Flanders with a similar soil texture. When restoring the SOC stocks to their 1990 level, we estimated the carbon sequestration potential of the Flemish cropland soils to be some 300 kton CO 2 yr −1 at best, which corresponds to a 40‐year restoration period. In conclusion, we can say that in regions where agricultural production is very intense, carbon sequestration in the cropland may make only a very modest contribution to a country's effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Postfire response of North American boreal forest net primary productivity analyzed with satellite observations - Jeffrey A. Hicke; Gregory P. Asner; Eric S. Kasischke; Nancy H. F. French; James T. Randerson; G. James Collatz; Brian J. Stocks; Compton J. Tucker; Sietse O. Los; Christopher B. Field (Global Change Biology, 2003)
Fire is a major disturbance in the boreal forest, and has been shown to release significant amounts of carbon (C) to the atmosphere through combustion. However, less is known about the effects on ecosystems following fire, which include reduced productivity and changes in decomposition in the decade immediately following the disturbance. In this study, we assessed the impact of fire on net primary productivity (NPP) in the North American boreal forest using a 17‐year record of satellite NDVI observations at 8‐ km spatial resolution together with a light‐use efficiency model. We identified 61 fire scars in the satellite observations using digitized fire burn perimeters from a database of large fires. We studied the postfire response of NPP by analyzing the most impacted pixel within each burned area. NPP decreased in the year following the fire by 60–260 g C m −2 yr −1 (30–80%). By comparing pre‐ and postfire observations, we estimated a mean NPP recovery period for boreal forests of about 9 years, with substantial variability among fires. We incorporated this behavior into a carbon cycle model simulation to demonstrate these effects on net ecosystem production. The disturbance resulted in a release of C to the atmosphere during the first 8 years, followed by a small, but long‐lived, sink lasting 150 years. Postfire net emissions were three times as large as from a model run without changing NPP. However, only small differences in the C cycle occurred between runs after 8 years due to the rapid recovery of NPP. We conclude by discussing the effects of fire on the long‐term continental trends in satellite NDVI observed across boreal North America during the 1980s and 1990s.

A role for the prefrontal cortex in stress- and cocaine-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking in rats - Nancy Capriles; Demetra Rodaros; Robert E. Sorge; Jane Stewart (Psychopharmacology, 2003)

Nodulation potential of soils from red alder stands covering a wide age range - Kendall J. Martin; Nancy J. Posavatz; David D. Myrold (Plant and Soil, 2003)

Synchronization of Strongly Coupled Excitatory Neurons: Relating Network Behavior to Biophysics - Corey D. Acker; Nancy Kopell; John A. White (Journal of Computational Neuroscience, 2003)

Polymorphisms in the MLL breakpoint cluster region (BCR) - Deborah R. Echlin-Bell; Lydia L. Smith; Loretta Li; Pamela L. Strissel; Reiner Strick; Vandana Gupta; Jhula Banerjee; Richard Larson; Mary V. Relling; Susan C. Raimondi; Yasuhide Hayashi; Tomohiko Taki; et al. (Human Genetics, 2003)

Development and validation of a diagnostic microbial microarray for methanotrophs - Levente Bodrossy; Nancy Stralis‐Pavese; J. Colin Murrell; Stefan Radajewski; Alexandra Weilharter; Angela Sessitsch (Environmental Microbiology, 2003)
Summary The potential of DNA microarray technology in high‐throughput detection of bacteria and quantitative assessment of their community structures is widely acknowledged but has not been fully realised yet. A generally applicable set of techniques, based on readily available technologies and materials, was developed for the design, production and application of diagnostic microbial microarrays. A microarray targeting the particulate methane monooxygenase ( pmoA ) gene was developed for the detection and quantification of methanotrophs and functionally related bacteria. A microarray consisting of a set of 59 probes that covers the whole known diversity of these bacteria was validated with a representative set of extant strains and environmental clones. The potential of the pmoA microarray was tested with environmental samples. The results were in good agreement with those of clone library sequence analyses. The approach can currently detect less dominant bacteria down to 5% of the total community targeted. Initial tests assessing the quantification potential of this system with artificial PCR mixtures showed very good correlation with the expected results with standard deviations in the range of 0.4–17.2%. Quantification of environmental samples with this method requires the design of a reference mixture consisting of very close relatives of the strains within the sample and is currently limited by biases inherent in environmental DNA extraction and universal PCR amplification.

Agrobiodiversity with emphasis on plant genetic resources - Karl Hammer; Nancy Arrowsmith; Thomas Gladis (The Science of Nature, 2003)

Impacts to Water Quality and Fish Habitat Associated with Maintaining Natural Channels for Flood Control - Nancy Steinberger; Ellen Wohl (Environmental Management, 2003)

Risk factors for failure to detect a cancer during clinical breast examinations (United States) - Janet Kay Bobo; Herschel W. Lawson; Nancy C. Lee (Cancer Causes & Control, 2003)

Preparation and immunological studies of protein conjugates of N-acylneuraminic acids - Peter Chefalo; Yanbin Pan; Nancy Nagy; Clifford Harding; Zhongwu Guo (Glycoconjugate Journal, 2003)

Interactions among mycorrhizae, atmospheric CO 2 and soil N impact plant community composition - Nancy Collins Johnson; Julie Wolf; George W. Koch (Ecology Letters, 2003)
We examined plant community responses to interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and availability of atmospheric CO 2 and soil N. Communities of 14 plant species were grown in mesocosms containing living or killed AM fungal inoculum, ambient or elevated atmospheric CO 2 and low or enriched soil N. After one growing season, significantly different plant communities existed in the different treatments. Plant species richness was lowest in +N mesocosms and highest in +AM + CO 2 mesocosms. At ambient CO 2 , AM fungi reduced richness but at elevated CO 2 they increased it. This was caused by changes in mortality rates of several C 3 forbs and may suggest that CO 2 enrichment ameliorates the carbon cost of some AM symbioses. Soil moisture was higher in +CO 2 mesocosms but +AM counteracted this effect. These results suggest that AM symbioses may be important mediators of plant community responses to anthropogenic CO 2 and N enrichment.

Conservation and the Social Sciences - Michael B. Mascia; J. Peter Brosius; Tracy A. Dobson; Bruce C. Forbes; Leah Horowitz; Margaret A. McKean; Nancy J. Turner (Conservation Biology, 2003)

A genome-wide scan for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG): the Barbados Family Study of Open-Angle Glaucoma - Barbara Nemesure; Xiaodong Jiao; Qimei He; M. Cristina Leske; Suh-Yuh Wu; Anselm Hennis; Nancy Mendell; Joy Redman; Henri-Jean Garchon; Richa Agarwala; Alejandro A. Schäffer; Fielding Hejtmancik; et al. (Human Genetics, 2003)

Associations of maternal and umbilical cord hormone concentrations with maternal, gestational and neonatal factors (United States) - Rebecca Troisi; Nancy Potischman; James Roberts; Pentti Siiteri; Ashi Daftary; Cynthia Sims; Robert N. Hoover (Cancer Causes & Control, 2003)

Predicting the response of Gulf of Mexico hypoxia to variations in Mississippi River nitrogen load - Donald Scavia; Nancy N. Rabalais; R. Eugene Turner; Dubravko Justić; William J. Wiseman (Limnology and Oceanography, 2003)
The effects of nutrient loading from the Mississippi River basin on the areal extent of hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico were examined using a novel application of a dissolved oxygen model for a river. The model,driven by river nitrogen load and a simple parameterization of ocean dynamics, reproduced 17 yr of observed hypoxia location and extent, subpycnocline oxygen consumption, and cross‐pycnocline oxygen flux. With Monte Carlo analysis, we illustrate through hindcasts back to 1968 that extensive regions of low oxygen were not common before the mid‐1970s. The Mississippi River Watershed/Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia Task Force set a goal to reduce the 5‐yr running average size of the Gulf’s hypoxic zone to less than 5,000 km 2 by 2015 and suggested that a 30% reduction from the 1980–1996 average nitrogen load is needed to reach that goal. Here we show that 30% might not be sufficient to reach that goal when year‐to‐year variability in ocean dynamics is considered.

Low and homogeneous copy number of plasmid‐borne symbiont genes affecting host nutrition in Buchnera aphidicola of the aphid Uroleucon ambrosiae - Gordon R. Plague; Colin Dale; Nancy A. Moran (Molecular Ecology, 2003)
The bacterial endosymbiont of aphids, Buchnera aphidicola , often provides amino acids to its hosts. Plasmid amplification of leucine ( leuABCD ) and tryptophan ( trpEG ) biosynthesis genes may be a mechanism by which some Buchnera over‐produce these nutrients. We used quantitative polymerase chain reaction to assess the leuABCD / trpEG copy variability within Uroleucon ambrosiae , an aphid with a wide diet breadth and range. Both leuABCD and trpEG abundances are: (i) similar for aphids across 15 populations, and (ii) low compared to Buchnera from other aphid species (particularly trpEG ). Consequently, the plasmid location of trpEG combined with Buchnera 's chromosomal polyploidy may functionally limit, rather than increase, tryptophan production within Uroleucon ambrosiae .

Elevated atmospheric CO2 alters leaf litter quality for stream ecosystems: an in situ leaf decomposition study - Nancy C. Tuchman; Kirk A. Wahtera; Robert G. Wetzel; James A. Teeri (Hydrobiologia, 2003)

Building the infrastructure for nationwide cancer surveillance and control – a comparison between The National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (United States) - Phyllis A. Wingo; Patricia M. Jamison; Robert A. Hiatt; Hannah K. Weir; Paul M. Gargiullo; Mary Hutton; Nancy C. Lee; H. Irene Hall (Cancer Causes & Control, 2003)

The value of applying molecular biology tools in environmental engineering: Academic and industry perspective in the USA - Daniel B. Oerther; Nancy G. Love (Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 2003)

Light strongly promotes gene transfer from Agrobacterium tumefaciens to plant cells - Mukund Zambre; Nancy Terryn; Janniek De Clercq; Sylvie De Buck; Willy Dillen; Marc Van Montagu; Dominique Van Der Straeten; Geert Angenon (Planta, 2003)

A Novel in-Vitro Technique for Studying Percutaneous Permeation with a Membrane-Coated Fiber and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry: Part I. Performances of the Technique and Determination of the Permeation Rates and Partition Coefficients of Chemical Mixtures - Xin-Rui Xia; Ronald E. Baynes; Nancy A. Monteiro-Riviere; Ross B. Leidy; Damian Shea; Jim E. Riviere (Pharmaceutical Research, 2003)

Use of Retrospective Data to Assess Ecotoxicological Monitoring Needs for Terrestrial Vertebrates Residing in Atlantic Coast Estuaries - Jonathan B. Cohen; Barnett A. Rattner; Nancy H. Golden (Ecotoxicology, 2003)

Chemical Attractants in Horseshoe Crab, Limulus polyphemus, Eggs: The Potential for an Artificial Bait - Kirstin M. Ferrari; Nancy M. Targett (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2003)

Intracellular symbionts of sharpshooters (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellinae) form a distinct clade with a small genome - Nancy A. Moran; Colin Dale; Helen Dunbar; Wendy A. Smith; Howard Ochman (Environmental Microbiology, 2003)
Summary The leafhoppers (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) are the most species‐rich group of invertebrates in which intracellular symbionts are usual. Here we present the first molecular characterization of bacteriome‐associates in the leafhoppers, with focus on the subfamily Cicadellinae (sharpshooters). Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rDNA sequences from intracellular symbionts residing in the bacteriomes of five host species indicate that these symbionts form a well‐defined clade within the γ‐3 Proteobacteria, consistent with an ancient colonization and strict vertical transmission. More extensive gene sequence information is reported for the symbiont of Homalodisca coagulata (Say). The genome size, as determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis, is approximately 680 kb. This finding, when combined with published results for symbionts of aphids, ants, psyllids and tsetse flies, adds to an emerging pattern which suggests that bacteriome associates often descend from ancient infections by γ Proteobacteria, and that these lineages have undergone pronounced genome reduction. A new genus and species name, ‘Candidatus Baumannia cicadellinicola ’ (sp. nov. ) is proposed for this newly characterized clade of symbiotic bacteria.

Role of an ABI3 homologue in dormancy maintenance of yellow-cedar seeds and in the activation of storage protein and Em gene promoters - Ying Zeng; Nancy Raimondi; Allison R. Kermode (Plant Molecular Biology, 2003)

Isolation and characterization of the mouse ubiquitin-specific protease Usp15 - Corinne Angelats; Xiao-Wen Wang; Lars S. Jermiin; Neal G. Copeland; Nancy A. Jenkins; Rohan T. Baker (Mammalian Genome, 2003)

New Roles for the Gamma Rhythm: Population Tuning and Preprocessing for the Beta Rhythm - Mette S. Olufsen; Miles A. Whittington; Marcelo Camperi; Nancy Kopell (Journal of Computational Neuroscience, 2003)

ERGOVALINE TOXICITY ON CACO-2 CELLS AS ASSESSED BY MTT, ALAMARBLUE, AND DNA ASSAYS - NANCY W. SHAPPELL (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2003)

ERGOVALINE TOXICITY ON CACO-2 CELLS AS ASSESSED BY MTT, ALAMARBLUE, AND DNA ASSAY - Nancy Shappell (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2003)

MAINTENANCE OF LIVER FUNCTIONS IN RAT HEPATOCYTES CULTURED AS SPHEROIDS IN A ROTATING WALL VESSEL - LANIKA A. BROWN; LINDA M. ARTERBURN; ANA P. MILLER; NANCY L. COWGER; SONYA M. HARTLEY; ANNETTE ANDREWS; PAUL M. SILBER; ALBERT P. LI (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2003)

ESTRADIOL AND A SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATOR AFFECT STEROID HORMONE RECEPTOR MESSENGER RNA LEVELS AND TURNOVER IN EXPLANT CULTURES OF SHEEP ENDOMETRIUM - Yuhua Farnell; Nancy Ing (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2003)

Maintenance of liver functions in rat hepatocytes cultured as spheroids in a rotating wall vessel - Lanika A. Brown; Linda M. Arterburn; Ana P. Miller; Nancy L. Cowger; Sonya M. Hartley; Annette Andrews; Paul M. Silber; Albert P. Li (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2003)

Interjoint coordination in lower limbs during different movements in humans - Nancy St-Onge; Anatol G. Feldman (Experimental Brain Research, 2003)

Bi-National Assessment of the Great Lakes: SOLEC Partnerships - Paul Bertram; Nancy Stadler-Salt; Paul Horvatin; Harvey Shear (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2003)

Preliminary Investigation of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Mapping using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing - David J. Williams; Nancy B. Rybicki; Alfonso V. Lombana; Tim M. O'Brien; Richard B. Gomez (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2003)

Living with a Large Reduction in Permited Loading by Using a Hydrograph-Controlled Release Scheme - Paul A. Conrads; William P. Martello; Nancy R. Sullins (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2003)

The Lymantria dispar Nucleopolyhedrovirus Contains the Capsid-Associated p24 Protein Gene - James M. Slavicek; Nancy Hayes-Plazolles (Virus Genes, 2003)

Increased risk of early-stage breast cancer related to consumption of sweet foods among women less than age 45 in the United States - Nancy Potischman; Ralph J. Coates; Christine A. Swanson; Raymond J. Carroll; Janet R. Daling; Donna R. Brogan; Marilie D. Gammon; Douglas Midthune; Jane Curtin; Louise A. Brinton (Cancer Causes & Control, 2002)

Agroecology of Birds in Organic and Nonorganic Farmland - Nancy A. Beecher; Ron J. Johnson; James R. Brandle; Ronald M. Case; Linda J. Young (Conservation Biology, 2002)
Ecological relationships between wildlife conservation and farm management provide common ground for the enhancement of bird habitat and the natural suppression of pests on farmland. We compared bird populations in 15 paired organic and nonorganic sites (cornfields plus edges, 30 sites total) that were similar in environment and edge habitat but that differed in use of fertilizers, herbicides, cultivation, and crop rotations. At each site, we used one strip transect to sample birds and vegetation in the bordering edge and cornfield perimeter (0–25 m from the edge) and another to sample in the cornfield (50–150 m from the edge). During the 1995 and 1996 growing seasons, we recorded 54 bird species, 51 in organic and 39 in nonorganic sites. On average, bird abundance on organic sites was 2.6 times higher than on nonorganic sites, and mean species richness per visit was 2.0 times greater. When analyzed separately, organic edge, perimeter, and field transects supported higher bird abundance and greater richness than did their nonorganic counterparts. Abundance and richness were higher on organic sites for insectivores, omnivores, and granivores, and for each of three migratory groups. Twelve species were individually more abundant on organic sites, and one regularly observed species was observed only on organic sites. No species had greater abundance on nonorganic sites. More non‐crop vegetation on organic cornfields, most likely a result of no herbicide use, may have provided better foraging opportunities for birds. The plant food, cover, and invertebrate prey in organic cornfields appeared to augment birds not only in the field but also in the uncropped edges. Organic fields appear to benefit birds, but reproductive success needs further study. Modifying farm‐management practices, especially near field edges where bird activity is concentrated, may enhance the conservation of birds and their potential predation on crop pests.

The proline-rich, extensin-like receptor kinase-1 (PERK1) gene is rapidly induced by wounding - Nancy F. Silva; Daphne R. Goring (Plant Molecular Biology, 2002)

Estrogen–progestin replacement therapy and breast cancer risk: the Women's Health Study (United States) - Juliet V. Porch; I-Min Lee; Nancy R. Cook; Kathryn M. Rexrode; Julie E. Buring (Cancer Causes & Control, 2002)

Comparison of plasma cocaine levels during a "binge" pattern of cocaine administration in male and female rhesus monkeys - Nancy Mello; Carrie Bowen; Jack Mendelson (Psychopharmacology, 2002)

Relation between discriminative and reinforcing effects of midazolam, pentobarbital, chlordiazepoxide, zolpidem, and imidazenil in baboons - Nancy A. Ator (Psychopharmacology, 2002)

Kappa opioid antagonist effects of the novel kappa antagonist 5?-guanidinonaltrindole (GNTI) in an assay of schedule-controlled behavior in rhesus monkeys - Stevens S. Negus; Nancy K. Mello; David C. Linsenmayer; R. Jones; Philip S. Portoghese (Psychopharmacology, 2002)

Challenges in the Application of Existing Process-Based Models to Predict the Effect of Climate Change on C Pools in Forest Ecosystems - Nancy Luckai; Guy R. Larocque (Climatic Change, 2002)

Dietary risk factors for invasive and in-situ cervical carcinomas in Bangkok, Thailand - Jackilen Shannon; David B. Thomas; Roberta M. Ray; Mark Kestin; Amorn Koetsawang; Suporn Koetsawang; Kamolthip Chitnarong; Nancy Kiviat; Jane Kuypers (Cancer Causes & Control, 2002)

Introduction—Special Issue on Aquatic Chemical Ecology - John T. Romeo; Nancy M. Targett (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2002)

Marine Tannins: The Importance of a Mechanistic Framework for Predicting Ecological Roles - Thomas M. Arnold; Nancy M. Targett (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2002)

Urbanization and warming of Phoenix (Arizona, USA): Impacts, feedbacks and mitigation - Lawrence A. Baker; Anthony J. Brazel; Nancy Selover; Chris Martin; Nancy McIntyre; Frederick R. Steiner; Amy Nelson; Laura Musacchio (Urban Ecosystems, 2002)

Birth weight, ethnicity, and occurrence of cancer in children: a population-based, incident case–control study in the State of Texas, USA - Mehmet Fatih Okcu; Karen J. Goodman; Susan E. Carozza; Nancy S. Weiss; Keith D. Burau; W. Archie Bleyer; Sharon P. Cooper (Cancer Causes & Control, 2002)

Diet and risk of adult glioma in eastern Nebraska, United States - Honglei Chen; Mary H. Ward; Katherine L. Tucker; Barry I. Graubard; Rodney D. McComb; Nancy A. Potischman; Dennis D. Weisenburger; Ellen F. Heineman (Cancer Causes & Control, 2002)

A comment on the use of flushing time, residence time, and age as transport time scales - Nancy E. Monsen; James E. Cloern; Lisa V. Lucas; Stephen G. Monismith (Limnology and Oceanography, 2002)
Applications of transport time scales are pervasive in biological, hydrologic, and geochemical studies yet these times scales are not consistently defined and applied with rigor in the literature. We compare three transport time scales (flushing time, age, and residence time) commonly used to measure the retention of water or scalar quantities transported with water. We identify the underlying assumptions associated with each time scale, describe procedures for computing these time scales in idealized cases, and identify pitfalls when real‐world systems deviate from these idealizations. We then apply the time scale definitions to a shallow 378 ha tidal lake to illustrate how deviations between real water bodies and the idealized examples can result from: (1) non‐steady flow; (2) spatial variability in bathymetry, circulation, and transport time scales; and (3) tides that introduce complexities not accounted for in the idealized cases. These examples illustrate that no single transport time scale is valid for all time periods, locations, and constituents, and no one time scale describes all transport processes. We encourage aquatic scientists to rigorously define the transport time scale when it is applied, identify the underlying assumptions in the application of that concept, and ask if those assumptions are valid in the application of that approach for computing transport time scales in real systems.

Discounting of delayed rewards in substance abusers: relationship to antisocial personality disorder - Nancy M. Petry (Psychopharmacology, 2002)

Estrogen and estrogen–progestin replacement therapy and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in Canada - Victoria Kirsh; Nancy Kreiger (Cancer Causes & Control, 2002)

Three new human members of the lipid transfer/lipopolysaccharide binding protein family (LT/LBP) - Julio Mulero; Bryan Boyle; Shannon Bradley; Jessica Bright; Sarah Nelken; Tam Ho; Nancy Mize; John Childs; Dennis Ballinger; John Ford; Fabio Rupp (Immunogenetics, 2002)

Genetic Identification of Pelagic Shark Body Parts for Conservation and Trade Monitoring - Mahmood Shivji; Shelley Clarke; Melissa Pank; Lisa Natanson; Nancy Kohler; Michael Stanhope (Conservation Biology, 2002)
The conservation and management of sharks on a species‐specific basis is a pressing need because of the escalating demand for shark fins and the recognition that individual shark species respond differently to exploitation. Difficulties with the identification of many commonly fished sharks and their body parts has resulted in a global dearth of catch and trade information, making reliable assessment of exploitation effects and conservation needs for individual species nearly impossible. We developed and tested a highly streamlined molecular genetic approach based on species‐specific, polymerase‐chain‐reaction primers in an eight‐primer multiplex format to discriminate simultaneously between body parts from six shark species common in worldwide pelagic fisheries. The species‐specific primers are based on DNA sequence differences among species in the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 locus. The primers and multiplex format accurately and sensitively distinguished samples from each of three lamnid ( Isurus oxyrinchus , Isurus paucus , and Lamna nasus ) and three carcharhinid ( Prionace glauca , Carcharhinus obscurus , and Carcharhinus falciformis ) species from all but one other shark species encountered in the North Atlantic fishery. Furthermore, the three lamnid primers were robust enough in their discriminatory power to be useful for species diagnosis on a global scale. Preliminary testing of dried fins from Asian and Mediterranean commercial markets suggests that our genetic approach will be useful for determining the species of origin of detached fins, thus allowing the monitoring of trade in shark fins for conservation assessment. Our approach will also facilitate detection of products from protected and other at‐risk shark species and may prove useful as a model for development of the high‐throughput, genetic, species‐diagnosis methods typically required in conservation and management contexts.

A semi-analytical model for dissolved oxygen mass transfer coefficient at the sediment–water interface - Miki Hondzo; Nancy Steinberger (Hydrobiologia, 2002)

Mushrooms, Trees, and Money: Value Estimates of Commercial Mushrooms and Timber in the Pacific Northwest - SUSAN J. ALEXANDER; DAVID PILZ; NANCY S. WEBER; ED BROWN; VICTORIA A. ROCKWELL (Environmental Management, 2002)

KILLER WHALE ( ORCINUS ORCA ) DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE IN THE CENTRAL AND SOUTHEASTERN BERING SEA, JULY 1999 AND JUNE 2000 - Janice M. Waite; Nancy A. Friday; Sue E. Moore (Marine Mammal Science, 2002)

L -5-Hydroxytryptophan induced increase in salivary cortisol in panic disorder patients and healthy volunteers - Koen Schruers; Rob van Diest; Nancy Nicolson; Eric Griez (Psychopharmacology, 2002)

Effects of prodelphinidins isolated from Ribes nigrum on chondrocyte metabolism and COX activity - Nancy Garbacki; Luc Angenot; Corinne Bassleer; Jacques Damas; Monique Tits (Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 2002)

Intravenous cocaine and heroin self-administration in rats selectively bred for differential saccharin intake: phenotype and sex differences - Marilyn Carroll; Andrew Morgan; Wendy Lynch; Una Campbell; Nancy Dess (Psychopharmacology, 2002)

The role of AP-1, NF-κB and ROS/NOS in skin carcinogenesis: The JB6 model is predictive - Arindam Dhar; Mathew R. Young; Nancy H. Colburn (Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2002)

Nutrient-enhanced productivity in the northern Gulf of Mexico: past, present and future - Nancy N. Rabalais; R. Eugene Turner; Quay Dortch; Dubravko Justic; Victor J. Bierman; William J. Wiseman (Hydrobiologia, 2002)

On the plausible association between environmental conditions and human eye damage - Elias Feretis; Panagiotis Theodorakopoulos; Costas Varotsos; Maria Efstathiou; Christos Tzanis; Tzina Xirou; Nancy Alexandridou; Michael Aggelou (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2002)

Public Support for Ecosystem Restoration in the Hudson River Valley, USA - NANCY A. CONNELLY; BARBARA A. KNUTH; DAVID L. KAY (Environmental Management, 2002)

Reproductive Biology of Female Spotted Seatrout, Cynoscion nebulosus, in the Gulf of Mexico: Differences among Estuaries? - Nancy J. Brown-Peterson; Mark S. Peterson; David L. Nieland; Michael D. Murphy; Ronald G. Taylor; James R. Warren (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2002)

Nitrogen fertilization alters the functioning of arbuscular mycorrhizas at two semiarid grasslands - Lea Corkidi; Diane L. Rowland; Nancy C. Johnson; Edith B. Allen (Plant and Soil, 2002)

Varying phosphorus supply and development, growth and seed yield in narrow-leafed lupin - Qifu Ma; Nancy Longnecker; Craig Atkins (Plant and Soil, 2002)

Fishery and Ontogenetic Driven Changes in the Diet of the Spiny Dogfish, Squalus acanthias, in Patagonian Waters, Argentina - Mariano Koen Alonso; Enrique Alberto Crespo; Néstor Aníbal García; Susana Noemí Pedraza; Pablo Ariel Mariotti; Nancy Judith Mora (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2002)

Fifth-Generation Model for Corticosteroid Pharmacodynamics: Application to Steady-State Receptor Down-Regulation and Enzyme Induction Patterns During Seven-Day Continuous Infusion of Methylprednisolone in Rats - Rohini Ramakrishnan; Debra C. DuBois; Richard R. Almon; Nancy A. Pyszczynski; William J. Jusko (Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, 2002)

Elevated atmospheric CO 2 lowers leaf litter nutritional quality for stream ecosystem food webs - Nancy C. Tuchman; Robert G. Wetzel; Steven T. Rier; Kirk A. Wahtera; James A. Teeri (Global Change Biology, 2002)
Up to 99% of the carbon fuelling the food webs of temperate woodland streams is derived from inputs of terrestrial leaf litter. Aquatic bacteria, fungi, and detritivore invertebrates directly utilize these inputs, transferring this energy to other components of the food web. Increases in atmospheric CO 2 could indirectly impact woodland stream food webs by chemically altering leaf litter. This study evaluated CO 2 ‐induced chemical changes in aspen ( Populus tremuloides ) leaf litter, and the corresponding effects on stream bacteria, fungi and leaf‐shredding cranefly larvae ( Tipula abdominalis : Diptera). Leaf litter from plants grown under elevated CO 2 had decreased nutritional value to aquatic decomposers and detritivores because of higher levels of structural compounds and lower nitrogen content. Consequently, elevated CO 2 ‐grown leaf litter supported 59% lower bacterial production in a stream than litter grown at ambient CO 2 levels, while not affecting fungal biomass. Larval craneflies fed elevated CO 2 ‐grown microbially colonized leaves consumed less, assimilated less, and grew 12 times slower than their ambient fed counterparts.

Maintaining alertness and performance during sleep deprivation: modafinil versus caffeine - Nancy Wesensten; Gregory Belenky; Mary A. Kautz; David R. Thorne; Rebecca M. Reichardt; Thomas J. Balkin (Psychopharmacology, 2002)

Effects of gonadal steroid hormone treatments on opioid antinociception in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys - Stevens S. Negus; Nancy K. Mello (Psychopharmacology, 2002)

ESTRADIOL AND A SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATOR AFFECT STEROID HORMONE RECEPTOR MESSENGER RNA LEVELS AND TURNOVER IN EXPLANT CULTURES OF SHEEP ENDOMETRIUM - YUHUA Z. FARNELL; NANCY H. ING (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2002)

SEBACEOUS EPITHELIAL CELL DIFFERENTIATION REQUIRES CYCLIC ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE GENERATION - ROBERT L. ROSENFIELD; PATTY PEI-YUN WU; NANCY CILETTI (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2002)

Sources of Nitrogen to the Riparian Zone of a Desert Stream: Implications for Riparian Vegetation and Nitrogen Retention - John D. Schade; Eugenia Marti; Jill R. Welter; Stuart G. Fisher; Nancy B. Grimm (Ecosystems, 2002)

Differential experimental micrometastasis to lung, liver, and bone with lacZ-tagged CWR22R prostate carcinoma cells - Julianne L. Holleran; Carson J. Miller; Nancy L. Edgehouse; Theresa P. Pretlow; Lloyd A. Culp (Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 2002)

Rapid spread of a neurovirulent strain of HSV-1 through the CNS of BALB/c mice following anterior chamber inoculation - Nancy M Archin; Sally S Atherton (Journal of NeuroVirology, 2002)

SPERM WHALE DIVES TRACKED BY RADIO TAG TELEMETRY - William A. Watkins; Mary Ann Daher; Nancy A. Dimarzio; Amy Samuels; Douglas Wartzok; Kurt M. Fristrup; Paul W. Howey; Romaine R. Maiefski (Marine Mammal Science, 2002)
A bstract Dives of a 12‐m sperm whale ( Physeter catodon Linnaeus, 1758) were tracked in the southeast Caribbean by long range, 30 MHz radio tag with dive‐profile telemetry over 4.6 d, 26 April‐1 May 1995. Over the 295‐km track, average speed was 0.7 m/sec (2.6 km/h). Of 158 dives (defined as submergences longer than 3 min), 65 were shallow (

Autosomal telomere exchange results in the rapid amplification and dispersion of Csf2ra genes in wild-derived mice - Camilynn I. Brannan; Christine M. Disteche; Linda S. Park; Neal G. Copeland; Nancy A. Jenkins (Mammalian Genome, 2001)

The Urban Funnel Model and the Spatially Heterogeneous Ecological Footprint - Matthew A. Luck; G. Darrel Jenerette; Jianguo Wu; Nancy B. Grimm (Ecosystems, 2001)

Dipole Localization of Human Induced Focal Afterdischarge Seizure in Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electrocorticography - William W. Sutherling; Massoud Akhtari; Adam N. Mamelak; John Mosher; Deborah Arthur; Steve Sands; Peter Weiss; Nancy Lopez; Mauricio DiMauro; Edward Flynn; Richard Leahy (Brain Topography, 2001)

The XXX European Muscle Conference - Nancy Curtin (Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility, 2001)

Temporal variation of seasonality of egg production and the spawning biomass of Pacific anchovy, Engraulis japonicus , in the southern waters of Korea in 1983–1994 - Jinyeong Kim; Nancy C. H. Lo (Fisheries Oceanography, 2001)
Embryonic mortality, egg production and the spawning stock biomass of Pacific anchovy, Engraulis japonicus , off Southern Korea during 1983–1994, and their biological response to oceanographic features in spring and summer, were analysed. The instantaneous mortality rate (IMR) of embryonic stages decreased in spring and increased in summer, with a range of 0.33–1.23 day –1 in spring and 0.78–1.69 day –1 in summer. Egg production in summer was three times that during spring and production was low in the late 1980s. Mean lengths of yolk‐sac larvae and adult females were greater in spring than in summer, whereas spawning fraction and spawning stock ratio (spawning biomass:adult biomass) were lower in spring than summer. Estimated mean spawning stock biomass ranged from 141 × 10 3 to 380 × 10 3 MT in spring and from 221 × 10 3 to 557 × 10 3 MT in summer. Statistically, the seasonal and long‐term trends of embryonic mortality, egg production and spawning stock biomass of Pacific anchovy can be explained largely by spring warming, summer cooling and by less abundant zooplankton in the late 1980s.

Drug-Drug Interactions Arising From the Use of Liposomal Vincristine in Combination with Other Anticancer Drugs - Dawn N. Waterhouse; Nancy Dos Santos; Lawrence D. Mayer; Marcel B. Bally (Pharmaceutical Research, 2001)

The murine perilipin gene: the lipid droplet-associated perilipins derive from tissue-specific, mRNA splice variants and define a gene family of ancient origin - Xinyue Lu; Jasmine Gruia-Gray; Neal G. Copeland; Debra J. Gilbert; Nancy A. Jenkins; Constantine Londos; Alan R. Kimmel (Mammalian Genome, 2001)

Zinc metabolism and homeostasis: The application of tracer techniques to human zinc physiology - Nancy F. Krebs; K. Michael Hambidge (BioMetals, 2001)

Signaling networks controlling mucin production in response to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria - Nancy McNamara; Carol Basbaum (Glycoconjugate Journal, 2001)

Commentary on "A meta-analysis for neurobehavioural results due to occupational lead exposure with blood lead concentrations <70 µg/100 ml" by M. Meyer-Baron and A. Seeber - Michael Goodman; Nancy LaVerda; Jack Mandel (Archives of Toxicology, 2001)

Trends in Emissions of Acidifying Species in Asia, 1985–1997 - David G. Streets; Nancy Y. Tsai; Hajime Akimoto; Kaoru Oka (Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2001)

Ca2+ signaling in the transformation of promastigotes to axenic amastigotes of Leishmania donovani - Anil Prasad; Sukhbir Kaur; Nancy Malla; N.K. Ganguly; R.C. Mahajan (Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2001)

The genes encoding E-selectin ( SELE ) and lymphotactin ( SCYC1 ) lie on separate chicken chromosomes although they are closely linked in human and mouse - Shaun Morroll; Marianne Goodchild; Nigel Salmon; Neal Copeland; Debra Gilbert; Nancy Jenkins; Nat Bumstead; Yvonne Boyd (Immunogenetics, 2001)

Functional expression and subcellular localization of the Nectria haematococca Mak1 phytoalexin detoxification enzyme in transgenic tobacco - Suparna R. Mundodi; Bonnie S. Watson; Melina Lopez-Meyer; Nancy L. Paiva (Plant Molecular Biology, 2001)

Effect of Selective Lipid Extraction from Different Body Regions on Epidermal Barrier Function - Nancy A. Monteiro-Riviere; Alfred O. Inman; Vivien Mak; Philip Wertz; Jim E. Riviere (Pharmaceutical Research, 2001)

Novel mtDNA mutations and oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction in Russian LHON families - Michael D. Brown; Sergei Zhadanov; Jon C. Allen; Seyed Hosseini; Nancy J. Newman; Vasily V. Atamonov; Irina E. Mikhailovskaya; Rem I. Sukernik; Douglas C. Wallace (Human Genetics, 2001)

A common rhesus macaque MHC class I molecule which binds a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope in Nef of simian immunodeficiency virus - Helen Horton; William Rehrauer; Eliabeth C. Meek; Millicent A. Shultz; Marian S. Piekarczyk; Peicheng Jing; Donald K. Carter; Susan R. Steffen; Briana Calore; Julie A. Urvater; Thorsten U. Vogel; Nancy A. Wilson; et al. (Immunogenetics, 2001)

Consequences of depletion of stratospheric ozone for terrestrial Antarctic ecosystems: the response of Deschampsia antarctica to enhanced UV-B radiation in a controlled environment - Jelte Rozema; Rob Broekman; Daniela Lud; Ad H.J. Huiskes; Tanja Moerdijk; Nancy de Bakker; Barbara Meijkamp; Adri van Beem (Plant Ecology, 2001)

Phylogenetic Analysis of Vertically Transmitted Psyllid Endosymbionts (Candidatus Carsonella ruddii) Based on atpAGD and rpoC: Comparisons with 16S–23S rDNA-Derived Phylogeny - MyLo L. Thao; Marta A. Clark; Daniel H. Burckhardt; Nancy A. Moran; Paul Baumann (Current Microbiology, 2001)

Genetic transformation of wheat: progress during the 1990s into the Millennium - Heidi M. Ingram; Nancy L. Livesey; J. Brian Power; Michael R. Davey (Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2001)

Behavioral characterization of Co 134444 (3α-hydroxy-21-(1'-imidazolyl)-3β-methoxymethyl-5α-pregnan-20-one), a novel sedative-hypnotic neuroactive steroid - Kimberly Vanover; Derk Hogenkamp; Nancy Lan; Kelvin Gee; Richard Carter (Psychopharmacology, 2001)

Changes in acidity and in proton transport at the tonoplast of grape berries during development - Nancy Terrier; François-Xavier Sauvage; Agnès Ageorges; Charles Romieu (Planta, 2001)

Prey availability limits fecundity and influences the movement pattern of female fishing spiders - Nancy A. Kreiter; David H. Wise (Oecologia, 2001)

Evaluation of fungal growth on cellulose-containing and inorganic ceiling tile - Enusha Karunasena; Nancy Markham; Trevor Brasel; J. Danny Cooley; David C. Straus (Mycopathologia, 2001)

Rapid and Simultaneous Identification of Body Parts from the Morphologically Similar Sharks Carcharhinus obscurus and Carcharhinus plumbeus (Carcharhinidae) Using Multiplex PCR - Melissa Pank; Michael Stanhope; Lisa Natanson; Nancy Kohler; Mahmood Shivji (Marine Biotechnology, 2001)

Mouse eosinophil-associated ribonucleases: a unique subfamily expressed during hematopoiesis - Stephania A. Cormier; Kirsten A. Larson; Shubing Yuan; Trella L. Mitchell; Kari Lindenberger; Patricia Carrigan; Nancy A. Lee; James J. Lee (Mammalian Genome, 2001)

Stimulation of root development with cyclodextrins on jojoba shoots in vitro - Nancy M. Apóstolo; Cristina Brutti; Susana A. Ferrarotti; Berta E. Llorente; Norberto Krymkiewicz (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 2001)

The physical volcanology of the 1600 eruption of Huaynaputina, southern Peru - Nancy Adams; Shanaka de Silva; Stephen Self; Guido Salas; Steven Schubring; Jason Permenter; Kendra Arbesman (Bulletin of Volcanology, 2001)

Variability of Sea-Ice Extent in Baffin Bay over the Last Millennium - Nancy S. Grumet; Cameron P. Wake; Paul A. Mayewski; Gregory A. Zielinski; Sallie I. Whitlow; Roy M. Koerner; David A. Fisher; James M. Woollett (Climatic Change, 2001)

Delay discounting of money and alcohol in actively using alcoholics, currently abstinent alcoholics, and controls - Nancy M. Petry (Psychopharmacology, 2001)

Spatial heterogeneity in recruitment of larval trematodes to snail intermediate hosts - Nancy F. Smith (Oecologia, 2001)

Expression and sub cellular localization of the sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform-1 in rat tissues: A possible functional relevance - Islam Khan; Nancy Thomas; Shilpa Haridas (Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2001)

Regulation of Vascular Development - Nancy G. Dengler (Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2001)

Prospects for Targeting Protein Kinase C Isozymes in the Therapy of Drug-resistant Cancer – An Evolving Story - Catherine A. O'Brian; Nancy E. Ward; Jubilee R. Stewart; Feng Chu (Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, 2001)

Double primary cancers of the breast and thyroid in women: molecular analysis and genetic implications - Tuya Pal; Nancy Hamel; Danny Vesprini; Kevin Sanders; Margot Mitchell; Nada Quercia; Nathalie Ng Cheong; Angus Murray; William Foulkes; Steven A. Narod (Familial Cancer, 2001)

CM101 stimulates cutaneous wound healing through an anti-angiogenic mechanism - Lillian B. Nanney; Barbara D. Wamil; Jeffrey Whitsitt; Nancy L. Cardwell; Jeffrey M. Davidson; He-Ping Yan; Carl G. Hellerqvist (Angiogenesis, 2001)

Detection of vegetation change using reconnaissance imagery - Herman H. Shugart; Nancy H. F. French; Eric S. Kasischke; James J. Slawski; Charles W. Dull; Robert A. Shuchman; Joe Mwangi (Global Change Biology, 2001)
Summary Vegetation occurs at its highest elevations on equatorial mountains. Inspection of archival and recent high‐resolution reconnaissance imagery of tropical mountains shows, in all cases, features indicating an increase in the elevation of mountain vegetation zones and an increase in vigour in the high‐elevation vegetation. These changes are consistent with an increased plant performance from increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere as well as with a warmer or more favourable climate.

A PCR-based method for the screening of bacterial strains with antifungal activity in suppressive soybean rhizosphere - Mónica N. Giacomodonato; M. Julia Pettinari; Guadalupe I. Souto; Beatriz S. Méndez; Nancy I. López (World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2001)

Sampling and trapping to monitor insect populations in relation to CA and/or fumigation - D. Shuman; Nancy D. Epsky; B. Bridgeman; T.W Phillips; C. W. Doud; M. D. Toews; B. Subramanyam; P. W. Flinn; C. Reed; D. Hagstrum; P. Flinn; T. W. Phillips (Phytoparasitica, 2001)

Shark Tagging: A Review Of Conventional Methods and Studies - Nancy E. Kohler; Patricia A. Turner (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2001)

Physical activity and breast cancer risk: the Women's Health Study (United States) - I-Min Lee; Kathryn M. Rexrode; Nancy R. Cook; Charles H. Hennekens; Julie E. Buring (Cancer Causes & Control, 2001)

Late Holocene (ca. 4 ka) marine and terrestrial environmental change in Reykjarfjördur, north Iceland: climate and/or settlement? - John T. Andrews; Chris Caseldine; Nancy J. Weiner; Jackie Hatton (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2001)
Core B997‐328PC is from the landward side of a 100‐m‐deep basin in Reykjarfjördur, a small fjord on the north coast of the northwest peninsula of Iceland. This is an area that can be severely affected by incursions of polar sea‐ice but has not suffered marked land erosion during the Settlement period. The core is 422 cm in length and consists principally of fine‐grained muds with in situ molluscs. Eleven AMS 14 C dates on molluscs indicate a constant sediment accumulation rate of ca. 1 cm 10 yr −1 for the last 4280 ± 50 yr BP. We measured and derived a variety of proxies for indications of changes in the nearshore environment. These included physical properties and grain size, mass accumulation rates, micropalaeontology (pollen and Foraminifera). Multivariate analysis and constrained clustering were used to define major changes in the proxies. In several parameters the major change in the fjord environment occurred close to 1000 14 C yr ago, thus approximately coincident with the onset of the Settlement of Iceland. Other changes are noted at around 1600 and 3400 14 C yr ago; Betula pollen disappears from the record ca. 1500 yr BP and there are peaks in marine productivity occurring ca. 2 and 3.4 ka. A major decline in carbonate accumulation and a sharp increase in the cold water benthic foraminifer Elphidium excavatum forma clavata 400 yr ago represents the local marine signature of the Little Ice Age. None of the changes in our data can be explained adequately by a simple call to land‐use practices and an increase in land to sea transport, but both the pollen and foraminiferal records indicate a decrease and even loss of ‘warm’ elements in both flora and fauna over the past 4 kyr. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Accelerated HER-2 degradation enhanced ovarian tumor recognition by CTL. Implications for tumor immunogenicity - Agapito Castilleja; Nancy E. Ward; Catherine A. O'Brian; Bruce Swearingen; Eric Swan; Michal A. Gillogly; James L. Murray; Andrzej P. Kudelka; David M. Gershenson; Constantin G. Ioannides (Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2001)

Race-specific results of Papanicolaou testing and the rate of cervical neoplasia in the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program, 1991–1998 (United States) - Vicki B. Benard; Nancy C. Lee; Margaret Piper; Lisa Richardson (Cancer Causes & Control, 2001)

Independent origins and horizontal transfer of bacterial symbionts of aphids - Jonas P. Sandström; Jacob A. Russell; Joshua P. White; Nancy A. Moran (Molecular Ecology, 2001)
Many insect groups have obligate associations with primary endosymbionts: mutualistic bacteria that are maternally transmitted and derived from an ancient infection. Often, the same insects are hosts to ‘secondary’ bacterial symbionts which are maternally transmitted but relatively labile within host lineages. To explore the dynamics of secondary symbiont associations in aphids, we characterized bacteria infecting 15 species of macrosiphine aphids using DNA sequencing, diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR), diagnostic restriction digests, phylogenetic analyses, and electron microscopy to examine aphids from nature and from laboratory colonies. Three types of bacteria besides Buchnera were found repeatedly; all three fall within the Enterobacteriaceae. The R‐type has a 16S rDNA less than 0.1% different from that of the secondary symbiont previously reported from Acyrthosiphon pisum and is related to Serratia species. The T‐type includes a symbiont previously reported from a whitefly; the U‐type comprises a new cluster near the T‐type. The T‐type was found in every one of 40 Uroleucon ambrosiae clones collected throughout the United States. In contrast, A. pisum individuals were infected by any combination of the three symbiont types. Secondary symbionts were maternally transmitted for 11 months within laboratory‐reared A. pisum clones and were present in sexually produced eggs. PCR screens for a bacteriophage, APSE‐1, indicated its presence in both A. pisum and U. ambrosiae containing secondary symbionts. Electron microscopy of R‐type and T‐type bacteria in A. pisum and in U. ambrosiae revealed rod‐shaped organisms that attain extremely high densities within a few bacteriocytes.

Local Gradients of Cowbird Abundance and Parasitism Relative to Livestock Grazing in a Western Landscape - Christopher B. Goguen; Nancy E. Mathews (Conservation Biology, 2000)
We studied local patterns of Brown‐headed Cowbird ( Molothrus ater ) abundance, parasitism rates, and nest success of a common host, the Plumbeous Vireo ( Vireo plumbeus ), in relation to the distribution of livestock grazing in an undeveloped region of northeastern New Mexico, 1992–1997. We predicted that both cowbird abundance and parasitism rates of vireo nests would decrease with increasing distance from active livestock grazing, and that the nesting success of vireos would increase. We measured cowbird abundance and host density and located and monitored vireo nests in pinyon‐juniper and mixed‐conifer habitats that ranged from actively grazed to isolated from livestock grazing by up to 12 km. Cowbird abundance declined with distance from active livestock grazing and was not related to host density or habitat type. Brood parasitism levels of vireo nests ( n = 182) decreased from> 80% in actively grazed habitats to 33% in habitats that were 8–12 km from active grazing but did not vary by habitat type or distance to forest edge. Vireo nesting success was higher in mixed‐conifer habitat than in pinyon‐juniper but was unrelated to distance from active livestock grazing. Nest losses due to parasitism declined with distance from active livestock grazing. Our results suggest that cowbird abundance and parasitism rates of hosts may be distributed as a declining gradient based on distance from cowbird feeding sites and that isolation from feeding sites can reduce the effects of parasitism on host populations. These findings provide support for management techniques that propose to reduce local cowbird numbers and parasitism levels by manipulating the distribution of cowbird feeding sites. The presence of parasitized nests> 8 km from active livestock grazing suggests that, in some regions, management efforts may need to occur at larger scales than previously realized.

Local Gradients of Cowbird Abundance and Parasitism Relative to Livestock Grazing in a Western Landscape - Christopher B. Goguen; Nancy E. Mathews (Conservation Biology, 2000)

Effects of GABA agonists and GABA-A receptor modulators on cocaine discrimination in rhesus monkeys - S. Stevens Negus; Nancy K. Mello; Peter A. Fivel (Psychopharmacology, 2000)

The hormone-sensitive lipase gene is transcribed from at least five alternative first exons in mouse adipose tissue - Nancy N. Laurin; Shu Pei Wang; Grant A. Mitchell (Mammalian Genome, 2000)

Alpha-Frequency Rhythms Desynchronize over Long Cortical Distances: A Modeling Study - Stephanie R. Jones; David J. Pinto; Tasso J. Kaper; Nancy Kopell (Journal of Computational Neuroscience, 2000)

Early maternal recognition of offspring vocalizations in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) - Tanja Jovanovic; Nancy L. Megna; Dario Maestripieri (Primates, 2000)

Secondary Endosymbionts of Psyllids Have Been Acquired Multiple Times - MyLo L. Thao; Marta A. Clark; Linda Baumann; Eric B. Brennan; Nancy A. Moran; Paul Baumann (Current Microbiology, 2000)

Do Enemies of Herbivores Influence Plant Growth and Chemistry? Evidence from a Seminatural Experiment - Nancy E. Stamp; M. Deane Bowers (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2000)

Characterization of the mouse interleukin-13 receptor α1 gene - Mitsujiro Osawa; Sousuke Miyoshi; Neal G. Copeland; Debra J. Gilbert; Nancy A. Jenkins; Takashi Hiroyama; Tsutomu Motohashi; Yukio Nakamura; Atsushi Iwama; Hiromitsu Nakauchi (Immunogenetics, 2000)

Breastfeeding and breast cancer risk by age 50 among women in Germany - Jenny Chang-Claude; Nancy Eby; Marion Kiechle; Gunter Bastert; Heiko Becher (Cancer Causes & Control, 2000)

Mammography and breast cancer detection by race and Hispanic ethnicity: results from a national program (United States) - Daniel S. May; Nancy C. Lee; Lisa C. Richardson; AnnGene G. Giustozzi; Janet K. Bobo (Cancer Causes & Control, 2000)

Molecular cloning and functional characterization of murine Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor (TACI) with chromosomal localization in human and mouse - Götz-Ulrich von Bülow; Helen Russell; Neal G. Copeland; Debra J. Gilbert; Nancy A. Jenkins; Richard J. Bram (Mammalian Genome, 2000)

Skeletal evidence of probable treponemal infection in free-ranging African apes - Nancy C. Lovell; Robert Jurmain; Lynn Kilgore (Primates, 2000)

Contaminant Exposure and Effects—Terrestrial Vertebrates Database: Trends and Data Gaps for Atlantic Coast Estuaries - Barnett A. Rattner; Jennifer L. Pearson; Nancy H. Golden; Jonathan B. Cohen; R. Michael Erwin; Mary Ann Ottinger (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2000)

Effects of Disturbance on Nitrogen Export from Forested Lands of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed - Keith N. Eshleman; Robert H. Gardner; Steven W. Seagle; Nancy M. Castro; Daniel A. Fiscus; James R. Webb; James N. Galloway; Frank A. Deviney; Alan T. Herlihy (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2000)

Effects of beta-carotene supplementation on cancer incidence by baseline characteristics in the Physicians' Health Study (United States) - Nancy R. Cook; I-Min Lee; JoAnn E. Manson; Julie E. Buring; Charles H. Hennekens (Cancer Causes & Control, 2000)

Anatomy of normal and hyperhydric leaves and shoots of in vitro grown Simmondsia chinesis (link) schn - Nancy M. Apóstolo; Berta E. Llorente (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 2000)

Conserved linkage of NK-2 homeobox gene pairs Nkx2-2/2-4 and Nkx2-1/2-9 in mammals - Cheng-Chun Wang; Thomas Brodnicki; Neal G. Copeland; Nancy A. Jenkins; Richard P. Harvey (Mammalian Genome, 2000)

An Introduction to the Biosynthesis of Chemicals Used in Plant-Microbe Communication - Nancy L. Paiva (Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2000)

Records of aquatic pollen and sediment properties as indicators of late-Quaternary Alaskan lake levels - Mary E. Edwards; Nancy H. Bigelow; Bruce P. Finney; Wendy R. Eisner (Journal of Paleolimnology, 2000)

Ontogenetic Evidence for Dental Homologies and Premolar Replacement in Fossil and Extant Caenolestids (Marsupialia) - W. Patrick Luckett; Nancy Hong (Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 2000)

Menstrual risk factors and early-onset breast cancer - Lesley M. Butler; Nancy A. Potischman; Beth Newman; Robert C. Millikan; Donna Brogan; Marilie D. Gammon; Christine A. Swanson; Louise A. Brinton (Cancer Causes & Control, 2000)

Zinc kinetics in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients - José Brandão-Neto; Carlos A. B Silva; Nancy B. Figueiredo; T. Shuhama; Michele B.S. Holanda; Juliana M.M. Diniz (BioMetals, 2000)

Evidence for Metabolic Turnover of Polyphenolics in Tropical Brown Algae - Thomas M. Arnold; Nancy M. Targett (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2000)

Diurnal variation in thermal environment experienced by salmonids in the North Pacific as indicated by data storage tags - Robert V. Walker; Katherine W. Myers; Nancy D. Davis; Kerim Y. Aydin; Kevin D. Friedland; H. Richard Carlson; George W. Boehlert; Shigehiko Urawa; Yasuhiro Ueno; Gen Anma (Fisheries Oceanography, 2000)
Eight temperature‐recording data storage tags were recovered from three salmonids in Alaska (pink and coho salmon and steelhead trout) and five chum salmon in Japan after 21–117 days, containing the first long‐term records of ambient temperature from Pacific salmonids migrating at sea. Temperature data imply diel patterns of descents to deeper, cooler water and ascents to the surface. Fish were found at higher average temperatures at night, with narrower temperature ranges and fewer descents than during the day. Fish tagged in the Gulf of Alaska were at higher temperatures on average (10–12°C) than chum salmon tagged in the Bering Sea (8–10°C). Chum salmon were also found at a wider range of temperatures (−1–22°C vs 5–15°C). This is probably related both to the different oceanographic regions through which the fish migrated, as well as species differences in thermal range and vertical movements. Proportions of time that individual fish spent at different temperatures seemed to vary among oceanographic regions. Steelhead trout may descend to moderate depths (50 m) and not be limited to the top few metres, as had been believed. Japanese chum salmon may seek deep, cold waters as they encounter warm surface temperatures on their homeward migrations. Temperature data from all fish showed an initial period (4–21 days) of day and night temperatures near those of sea surface temperatures, suggesting a period of recuperation from tagging trauma. A period of tagging recuperation suggests that vertical movement data from short‐term ultrasonic telemetry studies may not represent normal behaviour of fish. The considerable diurnal and shorter‐term variation in ambient temperatures suggests that offshore ocean distribution may be linked more to prey distribution and foraging than to sea surface temperatures.

MEASUREMENT OF PHOTOGRAPHIC QUALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DISTINCTIVENESS FOR THE PHOTOGRAPHIC IDENTIFICATION OF HUMPBACK WHALES, MEGAPTERA NOVAEANGLIAE - Nancy Friday; Tim D. Smith; Peter T. Stevick; Judy Allen (Marine Mammal Science, 2000)
A bstract Accurate identification of humpback whales from photographic identification data depends on the quality of the photographs and the distinctiveness of the flukes. Criteria for evaluating photographic quality and individual distinctiveness were developed involving judgments about overall quality or distinctiveness and about specific aspects of each. These criteria were tested for the level of agreement among judges. The distinctiveness scheme was tested for the independence of distinctiveness judgments and photographic quality. Our results show that judges could agree when evaluating specific and overall aspects of photographic quality and individual distinctiveness. The level of agreement varied for different pairs of judges, and less adept judges were identified. Ability to agree on evaluations of photographic quality was independent of the experience of the judges. Overall photographic quality and overall distinctiveness were successfully predicted from more specific variables, but the agreement between judges for these was not significantly greater than the agreement for the overall measures judged directly. There was no correlation between individual distinctiveness and photographic quality for four of the five judges, but the power of this rest may be low. Analyses of photographic identification data frequently require evaluations of photographic quality and individual distinctiveness. To obtain reliable results from such analyses, evaluation schemes and judges should be tested to ensure reliable and consistent evaluations.

Sources and yields of dissolved carbon in northern Wisconsin stream catchments with differing amounts of peatland - John F. Elder; Nancy B. Rybicki; Virginia Carter; Victoria Weintraub (Wetlands, 2000)

Fertilizer management impacts on stand establishment, disease, and yield of Irish potato - C. R. Crozier; Nancy G. Creamer; M. A. Cubeta (Potato Research, 2000)

A peanut seed lipoxygenase responsive to Aspergillus colonization - Gloria B. Burow; Harold W. Gardner; Nancy P. Keller (Plant Molecular Biology, 2000)

Organization of the mouse microfibril-associated glycoprotein-2 (MAGP-2) gene - Cheryl Frankfater; Erika Maus; Krisztina Gaal; Fernando Segade; Neal G. Copeland; Debra J. Gilbert; Nancy A. Jenkins; J. Michael Shipley (Mammalian Genome, 2000)

Localisation and functional studies on the 5′ -nucleotidase of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus - Nancy Liyou; Susan Hamilton; Robert McKenna; Chris Elvin; Peter Willadsen (Experimental and Applied Acarology, 2000)

Characterization of Scale Abnormalities in Pinfish, Lagodon rhomboides, from Biscayne Bay, Florida - Jone Corrales; Laurie Beth Nye; Sean Baribeau; Nancy J. Gassman; Michael C. Schmale (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2000)

Preface - Raymond D. Shillito; Nancy A. Reichert (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, 2000)

Seasonality and Distribution of Whale Calls in the North Pacific - William Watkins; Mary Ann Daher; Gina Reppucci; Joseph George; Darel Martin; Nancy DiMarzio; Damon Gannon (Oceanography, 2000)

Patterns of woody plant abundance, recruitment, mortality, and growth in a 65 year chronosequence of old-fields - Dan Lawson; Richard S. Inouye; Nancy Huntly; Walter P. Carson (Plant Ecology, 1999)

Completion of the mouse aggrecan gene structure and identification of the defect in the cmd-Bc mouse as a near complete deletion of the murine aggrecan gene - Richard C. Krueger; Kiyoto Kurima; Nancy B. Schwartz (Mammalian Genome, 1999)

High-Order Autocorrelation with Imaging Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy: Application to IgE on Supported Planar Membranes - Willem Vanden Broek; Zhengping Huang; Nancy L. Thompson (Journal of Fluorescence, 1999)

BOOK REVIEW: The Primate Anthology: Essays on Primate Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation. Edited by Russell L. Ciochon and Richard A. Nisbett, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1998, xxx + 246 pp., $27.20 (paperback) - Nancy Krusko (International Journal of Primatology, 1999)

In-utero and early life exposures in relation to risk of breast cancer - Nancy Potischman; Rebecca Troisi (Cancer Causes & Control, 1999)

Social class, race/ethnicity, and incidence of breast, cervix, colon, lung, and prostate cancer among Asian, black, Hispanic, and white residents of the San Francisco Bay Area, 1988–92 (United States) - Nancy Krieger; Charles Quesenberry; Tiffany Peng; Pamela Horn-Ross; Susan Stewart; Susan Brown; Karen Swallen; Tessie Guillermo; Dong Suh; Luz Alvarez-Martinez; Felicia Ward (Cancer Causes & Control, 1999)

Olfactory neuron-specific expression of NeuroD in mouse and human nasal mucosa - Ken-ichi Nibu; Guoqi Li; Xunling Zhang; Nancy E. Rawson; Diego Restrepo; Kimitaka Kaga; Louis D. Lowry; William M. Keane; Jay L. Rothstein (Cell and Tissue Research, 1999)

Method for training operant responding and evaluating cocaine self-administration behavior in mutant mice - S. B. Caine; S. Stevens Negus; Nancy K. Mello (Psychopharmacology, 1999)

Spatial Variability of Agricultural Soil Fertility Parameters in a Gleyic Podzol of Belgium - M. Geypens; L. Vanongeval; Nancy Vogels; J. Meykens (Precision Agriculture, 1999)

Insulin but not IGF-I is required for the maintenance of the adipose phenotype in the adipogenic cell line 1246 - Ginette Serrero; Nancy Lepak (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 1999)

Molecular Characterization of the Guinea Pig Cytomegalovirus UL83 (pp65) Protein Homolog - Mark R. Schleiss; Alistair McGregor; Nancy J. Jensen; Guliz Erdem; Laurie Aktan (Virus Genes, 1999)

Potato production on wide beds: Impact on yield and selected soil physical characteristics - Charlotte Mundy; Nancy G. Creamer; Carl R. Crozier; L. George Wilson (American Journal of Potato Research, 1999)

Poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) production in oilseed leukoplasts of Brassica napus - Kathryn L. Houmiel; Steven Slater; Debra Broyles; Laura Casagrande; Susan Colburn; Kathleen Gonzalez; Timothy A. Mitsky; Steven E. Reiser; Devang Shah; Nancy B. Taylor; Mintien Tran; Henry E. Valentin; et al. (Planta, 1999)

The thrombospondin-4 gene - Gail Newton; Stanislawa Weremowicz; Cynthia C. Morton , , Nancy A.; Debra J. Gilbert; Neal G. Copeland; Jack Lawler (Mammalian Genome, 1999)

The neurobeachin gene ( Nbea ) identifies a new region of homology between mouse central Chromosome 3 and human Chromosome 13q13 - Debra J. Gilbert; Hartmut Engel; Xiaolu Wang; Karl-Heinz Grzeschik; Neal G. Copeland; Nancy A. Jenkins; Manfred W. Kilimann (Mammalian Genome, 1999)

Vitellogenin as a Biomarker of Exposure for Estrogen or Estrogen Mimics - Nancy D. Denslow; Marjorie C. Chow; Kevin J. Kroll; Linda Green (Ecotoxicology, 1999)

Development and Validation of a Species- and Gene-Specific Molecular Biomarker: Vitellogenin mRNA in Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) - Christopher J. Bowman; Nancy D. Denslow (Ecotoxicology, 1999)

SPERM WHALE SURFACE ACTIVITY FROM TRACKING BY RADIO AND SATELLITE TAGS 1 - William A. Watkins; Mary Ann Daher; Nancy A. Dimarzio; Amy Samuels; Douglas Wartzok; Kurt M. Fristrup; Damon P. Gannon; Paul W. Howey; Romaine R. Maiefski; Trevor R. Spradlin (Marine Mammal Science, 1999)
A bstract Three 12‐m sperm whales ( Physeter catodon ) were tagged and tracked west of Dominica in the southeast Caribbean to follow the surfacing patterns and movements of these presumed subadult males. Whale N was tagged in April 1993 with a 30‐MHz radio tag and tracked for two days. Whale H was tagged in April 1995 with a 30‐MHz radio tag and tracked for 4.6 d. Whale A was tagged in April 1995 with a satellite‐monitored tag tracked by ARGOS for 21.5 d, the first four of which were concurrent with the tracking of Whale H, an associate. The tagged whales remained west of Dominica for at least 2, 5, and 13 d, respectively. Whales N and A then moved southward to waters off Martinique. There were no apparent effects on the whales by tagging or the presence of the tags. The whales averaged speeds of 2.6‐3.5 km/h. Surfacings, indicated by tag signals, were of two types: short surfacings apparently primarily for respiration, averaging 7‐10.5 min between repeated longer dives, occurring day and night; and extended surfacings seemingly for rest and social interactions with conspecifics, occurring mostly in daylight. Whales were near the surface for 20.4%–22.6% of the total time (26.6%–27.1% during the day and 14.9%–17.1% at night). Delayed blowing was observed as Whale N surfaced for 8.3 min between 47‐ and 45‐min dives but delayed the first of its 31 blows for 1.5 min after surfacing.

Evolution of a freshwater barrier-island marsh in coastal Georgia, USA - Robert K. Booth; Fredrick J. Rich; Gale A. Bishop; Nancy A. Brannen (Wetlands, 1999)

Use of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) to determine ploidy of in vitro watermelon shoots - Michael E. Compton; Nancy Barnett; D.J. Gray (Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 1999)