AVE1625, a cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, as a co-treatment with antipsychotics for schizophrenia: improvement in cognitive function and reduction of antipsychotic-side effects in rodents - Mark D. Black; Rachel J. Stevens; Nancy Rogacki; Robert E. Featherstone; Yaw Senyah; Odessa Giardino; Beth Borowsky; Jeanne Stemmelin; Caroline Cohen; Philippe Pichat; Michal Arad; Segev Barak; et al. (Psychopharmacology, 2011)

Origin and Examination of a Leafhopper Facultative Endosymbiont - Patrick H. Degnan; Leonora S. Bittleston; Allison K. Hansen; Zakee L. Sabree; Nancy A. Moran; Rodrigo P. P. Almeida (Current Microbiology, 2011)

Attraction and Electroantennogram Responses of Male Mediterranean Fruit Fly to Volatile Chemicals from Persea, Litchi and Ficus Wood - Jerome Niogret; Wayne S. Montgomery; Paul E. Kendra; Robert R. Heath; Nancy D. Epsky (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2011)

Effect of foliar salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate applications on protection against pill-bugs in lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa) - Nancy Tierranegra-García; Patricia Salinas-Soto; Irineo Torres-Pacheco; Rosalia V. Ocampo-Velázquez; Enrique Rico-García; Sandra O. Mendoza-Diaz; Ana A. Feregrino-Pérez; Adán Mercado-Luna; Marcela Vargas-Hernandez; Genaro M. Soto-Zarazúa; Ramón G. Guevara-González (Phytoparasitica, 2011)

Meningeal Coccidioidomycosis Diagnosed by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid - Matthew J. Binnicker; Alina S. Popa; Jelena Catania; Maria Alexov; Geoffrey Tsaras; Farrell Lloyd; Nancy L. Wengenack; Mark J. Enzler (Mycopathologia, 2011)

Proceedings of the XXIII Congress of the International Primatological Society, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, September 12-17, 2010 - Nancy Caine (International Journal of Primatology, 2011)

Contrasting road effect signals in reproduction of long- versus short-lived amphibians - Nancy E. Karraker; James P. Gibbs (Hydrobiologia, 2011)

Effect of Surfactant Mixtures on Skin Structure and Barrier Properties - Monica A. James-Smith; Brittney Hellner; Nancy Annunziato; Samir Mitragotri (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2011)

Gametophyte life-history dominance of Chondrus crispus (Gigartinaceae, Rhodophyta) along the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, Canada - Jack L. Mclachlan; Wade Blanchard; Christopher Field; Nancy I. Lewis (Algae, 2011)

A Characteristic Rupture Model for the 2001 Geiyo, Japan, Earthquake - Shin’ichi Matsuzaki; Arben Pitarka; Nancy Collins; Robert Graves; Yoshimitsu Fukushima (Pure and Applied Geophysics, 2011)

Evaluating Patient Satisfaction with the Office of Patient Advocacy - Nancy A. Omondi; Ellen M. Denzen; Debbie J. Jacobson; Tammy J. Payton; Kate Pederson; Elizabeth A. Murphy (Journal of Cancer Education, 2011)

The Bioavailability of Effluent-derived Organic Nitrogen along an Estuarine Salinity Gradient - Katherine C. Filippino; Margaret R. Mulholland; Peter W. Bernhardt; George E. Boneillo; Ryan E. Morse; Matthew Semcheski; Harold Marshall; Nancy G. Love; Quinn Roberts; Deborah A. Bronk (Estuaries and Coasts, 2011)

Temporal trends in the black/white breast cancer case ratio for estrogen receptor status: disparities are historically contingent, not innate - Nancy Krieger; Jarvis T. Chen; Pamela D. Waterman (Cancer Causes & Control, 2011)

Vibrational and thermodynamic properties of Ni3S2 polymorphs from first-principles calculations - Yonggang G. Yu; Nancy L. Ross (Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 2011)

Vertical Distribution of Corn Stover Dry Mass Grown at Several US Locations - Wally W. Wilhelm; Jane M. F. Johnson; Dave T. Lightle; Douglas L. Karlen; Jeff M. Novak; Nancy W. Barbour; David A. Laird; John Baker; Tyson E. Ochsner; Ardell D. Halvorson; David W. Archer; Francisco Arriaga (BioEnergy Research, 2011)

Our Nation's New National Policy for the Stewardship of the Ocean, Our Coasts, and the Great Lakes - Nancy Sutley; John Holdren (Oceanography, 2011)

Does agomelatine block 5-HT2C receptors in humans? - Ann L. Sharpley; Nancy B. Rawlings; Susannah Brain; Sarah F. B. McTavish; Philip J. Cowen (Psychopharmacology, 2011)

Phospholipase C, Ca2+, and calmodulin signaling are required for 5-HT2A receptor-mediated transamidation of Rac1 by transglutaminase - Ying Dai; Nichole L. Dudek; Qian Li; Nancy A. Muma (Psychopharmacology, 2011)

Effect of sporophytic PIRL9 genotype on post-meiotic expression of the Arabidopsis pirl1;pirl9 mutant pollen phenotype - Nancy R. Forsthoefel; Daniel M. Vernon (Planta, 2011)

Proceedings of the XXIInd Congress of the International Primatological Society, Edinburgh International Conference Centre, Edinburgh, Scotland, August 3–8, 2008 - Nancy G. Caine; Elisabetta Visalberghi; Steven J. Schapiro; Katherine A. Leighty (International Journal of Primatology, 2011)

Uncovering hidden variance: pair-wise SNP analysis accounts for additional variance in nicotine dependence - Robert C. Culverhouse; Nancy L. Saccone; Jerry A. Stitzel; Jen C. Wang; Joseph H. Steinbach; Alison M. Goate; Tae-Hwi Schwantes-An; Richard A. Grucza; Victoria L. Stevens; Laura J. Bierut (Human Genetics, 2011)

Intention to receive cancer screening in Native Americans from the Northern Plains - Nancy Pandhi; B. Ashleigh Guadagnolo; Shalini Kanekar; Daniel G. Petereit; Chitra Karki; Maureen A. Smith (Cancer Causes & Control, 2011)

Genomic integration of adenoviral gene transfer vectors following transduction of fertilized mouse oocytes - Nancy Larochelle; Rolf Stucka; Norman Rieger; Lothar Schermelleh; Gudrun Schiedner; Stefan Kochanek; Eckhard Wolf; Hanns Lochmüller (Transgenic Research, 2011)

Impacts of cyclic hypoxia on reproductive and gene expression patterns in the grass shrimp: field versus laboratory comparison - Nancy J. Brown-Peterson; C. Steve Manning; Nancy D. Denslow; Marius Brouwer (Aquatic Sciences, 2011)

Determining microsatellite genotyping reliability and mutation detection ability: an approach using small-pool PCR from sperm DNA - Anna J. MacDonald; Stephen D. Sarre; Nancy N. FitzSimmons; Nicola Aitken (Molecular Genetics and Genomics, 2011)

Genome-scan for IQ discrepancy in autism: evidence for loci on chromosomes 10 and 16 - Nicola H. Chapman; Annette Estes; Jeff Munson; Raphael Bernier; Sara J. Webb; Joseph H. Rothstein; Nancy J. Minshew; Geraldine Dawson; Gerard D. Schellenberg; Ellen M. Wijsman (Human Genetics, 2011)

Nitrogen and phosphorus budgets for the Yucatán littoral: An approach for groundwater management - Nancy ArandaCirerol; Francisco Comín; Jorge Herrera-Silveira (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2011)

Estradiol reduces dendritic spine density in the ventral striatum of female Syrian hamsters - Nancy A. Staffend; Caroline M. Loftus; Robert L. Meisel (Brain Structure and Function, 2011)

Mechanisms for copepod resting egg accumulation in seagrass sediments - Lindsay P. Scheef; Nancy H. Marcus (Limnology and Oceanography, 2011)
We identify several mechanisms by which seagrass presence can enhance the retention and benthic abundance of copepod eggs on a shallow reef in Florida: (1) benthic macrofauna are more abundant in seagrass patches than in bare sediment and bioturbation by these animals may contribute to egg retention through burial; (2) the physical presence of the seagrass canopy inhibits the resuspension of fine particles and thereby promotes egg accumulation; (3) the persistent low oxygen conditions at the sediment surface sustained in seagrass patches during warm summer months promote egg retention by inhibiting the hatch of newly settled eggs. Understanding how these factors contribute to copepod egg accumulation in the seagrass beds of other areas could give valuable insights into how seagrass presence may influence local copepod populations.

Water Level Decline Promotes Typha X glauca Establishment and Vegetation Change in Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands - Shane C. Lishawa; Dennis A. Albert; Nancy C. Tuchman (Wetlands, 2010)

Pomacea paludosa (Florida Apple Snail) Reproduction in Restored and Natural Seasonal Wetlands in the Everglades - Nancy K. O’Hare (Wetlands, 2010)

A single dose of mirtazapine modulates neural responses to emotional faces in healthy people - Nancy B. Rawlings; Ray Norbury; Philip J. Cowen; Catherine J. Harmer (Psychopharmacology, 2010)

Anatomic Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Developing Child and Adolescent Brain and Effects of Genetic Variation - Jay N. Giedd; Michael Stockman; Catherine Weddle; Maria Liverpool; Aaron Alexander-Bloch; Gregory L. Wallace; Nancy R. Lee; Francois Lalonde; Rhoshel K. Lenroot (Neuropsychology Review, 2010)

An Analysis of Educational and Learning Needs of Cancer Patients and Unrelated Family Caregivers - Patricia Potter; Teresa Deshields; Marilee Kuhrik; Nancy Kuhrik; JoAnn O’Neill; Anne Rihanek (Journal of Cancer Education, 2010)

Developing and Implementing a Local Education and Support Program for Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs) - Marilee Kuhrik; Nancy S. Kuhrik; Teresa L. Deshields; JoAnn O’Neill; Beth Zubal (Journal of Cancer Education, 2010)

MC1R genotype may modify the effect of sun exposure on melanoma risk in the GEM study - Anne Kricker; Bruce K. Armstrong; Chris Goumas; Peter Kanetsky; Richard P. Gallagher; Colin B. Begg; Robert C. Millikan; Terence Dwyer; Stefano Rosso; Loraine D. Marrett; Nancy E. Thomas; Marianne Berwick (Cancer Causes & Control, 2010)

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: a study of long-term surgical morbidity and causes of mortality - Y. Nancy You; Bruce G. Wolff; Lisa A. Boardman; Douglas L. Riegert-Johnson; Rui Qin (Familial Cancer, 2010)

Complete BRCA mutation screening in breast and ovarian cancer predisposition families from a North-Eastern Romanian population - Lucian Negura; Nancy Uhrhammer; Anca Negura; Vlad Artenie; Eugen Carasevici; Yves-Jean Bignon (Familial Cancer, 2010)

Evolution of tuff ring-dome complex: the case study of Cerro Pinto, eastern Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt - Brian W. Zimmer; Nancy R. Riggs; Gerardo Carrasco-Núñez (Bulletin of Volcanology, 2010)

Nutrient Removal as a Function of Corn Stover Cutting Height and Cob Harvest - Jane M. F. Johnson; Wally W. Wilhelm; Douglas L. Karlen; David W. Archer; Brian Wienhold; David T. Lightle; David Laird; John Baker; Tyson E. Ochsner; Jeff M. Novak; Ardell D. Halvorson; Francisco Arriaga; et al. (BioEnergy Research, 2010)

Herbivorous insects reduce growth and reproduction of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) - Masaru Takahashi; Nancy Huntly (Arthropod-Plant Interactions, 2010)

Spatial refinement of census population distribution using remotely sensed estimates of impervious surfaces in Haiti - Derek Azar; Jordan Graesser; Ryan Engstrom; Joshua Comenetz; Robert M. Leddy; Nancy G. Schechtman; Theresa Andrews (International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2010)

The Utility of Coccidioides Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing in the Clinical Setting - Darko Vucicevic; Janis E. Blair; Matthew J. Binnicker; Ann E. McCullough; Shimon Kusne; Holenarasipur R. Vikram; James M. Parish; Nancy L. Wengenack (Mycopathologia, 2010)

The effects of aerobic interval training on the left ventricular morphology and function of VLCAD-deficient mice - Charles E. Riggs; Marcos A. Michaelides; Koulla M. Parpa; Nancy J. Smith-Blair (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2010)

Interaction between topical miconazole and coumarins - Nancy Broos; Eugène P. van Puijenbroek (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2010)

Automated masking of cloud and cloud shadow for forest change analysis using Landsat images - Chengquan Huang; Nancy Thomas; Samuel N. Goward; Jeffrey G. Masek; Zhiliang Zhu; John R. G. Townshend; James E. Vogelmann (International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2010)

PIRL1 and PIRL9, encoding members of a novel plant-specific family of leucine-rich repeat proteins, are essential for differentiation of microspores into pollen - Nancy R. Forsthoefel; Thuy P. Dao; Daniel M. Vernon (Planta, 2010)

Lung function and health status in metropolitan fire-fighters compared to general population controls - Tjard Schermer; Trish Malbon; Michael Morgan; Nancy Briggs; Christine Holton; Sarah Appleton; Robbert Adams; Michael Smith; Alan Crockett (International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 2010)

Genetic analysis of thiopurine methyltransferase polymorphism in the Jordanian population - Nancy Hakooz; Tawfiq Arafat; Debbie Payne; William Ollier; Sudeep Pushpakom; Julie Andrews; William Newman (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2010)

Simian immunodeficiency virus-specific CD4+ T cells from successful vaccinees target the SIV Gag capsid - Juan P. Giraldo-Vela; Alex T. Bean; Richard Rudersdorf; Lyle T. Wallace; John T. Loffredo; Priscilla Erickson; Nancy A. Wilson; David I. Watkins (Immunogenetics, 2010)

Design Principles for Problem-Driven Learning Laboratories in Biomedical Engineering Education - Wendy C. Newstetter; Essy Behravesh; Nancy J. Nersessian; Barbara B. Fasse (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2010)

Responses of macroinvertebrate communities to long‐term flow variability in a Sonoran Desert stream - RYAN A. SPONSELLER; NANCY B. GRIMM; ANDREW J. BOULTON; JOHN L. SABO (Global Change Biology, 2010)
Current global models predict a hotter and drier climate in the southwestern United States with anticipated increases in drought frequency and severity coupled with changes in flash flood regimes. Such changes would likely have important ecological consequences, particularly for stream and riparian ecosystems already subject to frequent hydrologic disturbance. This study assessed the potential response of aquatic macroinvertebrates to interannual variation in hydrology in a spatially intermittent desert stream (Sycamore Creek, AZ). We compiled data on the recovery of macroinvertebrate communities following spring floods, with successional sequences captured 11 times over a 16‐year period (1983–1999). This period encompassed a transition from perennial to intermittent flow in this system, and included a record drought in 1989–1990. Results show that while the size of floods initiating sequences had little explanatory power, changes in macroinvertebrate community structure during postflood succession were closely associated with antecedent flooding and drought. Year‐to‐year differences in benthic communities integrated taxon‐specific responses to antecedent disturbance, including differential resistance to channel drying, use of hyporheic refugia, and variable rates of recovery once stream flow resumed. The long‐term consequences of drying on community structure were only evident during later stages of postflood succession, illustrating an interaction between flood and drought recovery processes in this system. Our observations highlight the potential for predicted climate changes in this region to have marked and long‐lasting consequences for benthic communities in desert streams.

Making a Model Meaningful to Coral Reef Managers in a Developing Nation: a Case Study of Overfishing and Rock Anchoring in Indonesia - JEFFREY A. MAYNARD; KENNETH R. N. ANTHONY; SIHAM AFATTA; NANCY DAHL‐TACCONI; OVE HOEGH‐GULDBERG (Conservation Biology, 2010)
Most of the world's coral reefs line the coasts of developing nations, where impacts from intense and destructive fishing practices form critical conservation issues for managers. Overfishing of herbivorous fishes can cause phase shifts to macroalgal dominance, and fishers’ use of rocks as anchors lowers coral cover, giving further competitive advantage to macroalgae. Overfishing and anchoring have been studied extensively, but the role of their interaction in lowering coral reef resilience has not been quantified formally. We analyzed the combined effects of overfishing and rock anchoring on a range of reef habitat types—varying from high coral and low macroalgae cover to low coral and high macroalgae cover—in a marine park in Indonesia. We parameterized a model of coral and algal dynamics with three intensities of anchoring and fishing pressure. Results of the model indicated that damage caused by rock anchoring was equal to or possibly more devastating to coral reefs in the area than the impact of overfishing. This is an important outcome for local managers, who usually have the funds to distribute less‐damaging anchors, but normally are unable to patrol regularly and effectively enough to reduce the impact of overfishing. We translated model results into an interactive visual tool that allows managers to explore the benefits of reducing anchoring frequency and fishing pressure. The potential consequences of inaction were made clear: the likelihood that any of the reef habitats will be dominated in the future by macroalgae rather than corals depends on reducing anchoring frequency, fishing pressure, or both. The tool provides a platform for strengthened relationships between managers and conservationists and can facilitate the uptake of recommendations regarding resource allocation and management actions. Conservation efforts for coral reefs in developing nations are likely to benefit from transforming model projections of habitat condition into tools local managers can understand and interact with .

Reproductive axis response to repeated lipopolysaccharide administration in peripubertal female rats - Nancy Cardoso; Pablo Arias; Berta Szwarcfarb; Osvaldo Ponzo; Silvia Carbone; Jaime Moguilevsky; Pablo Scacchi; Roxana María Reynoso (Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2010)

Physicians’ Approaches to Recommending Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Qualitative Study - Judith M. E. Walsh; Leah Karliner; Nancy Burke; Carol P. Somkin; Linda A. Pham; Rena Pasick (Journal of Cancer Education, 2010)

Abundance and ecological significance of the clam Rangia cuneata (Sowerby, 1831) in the upper Barataria Estuary (Louisiana, USA) - Wai Hing Wong; Nancy N. Rabalais; R. Eugene Turner (Hydrobiologia, 2010)

Long-Term Trends in Submersed Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) in Chesapeake Bay, USA, Related to Water Quality - Robert J. Orth; Michael R. Williams; Scott R. Marion; David J. Wilcox; Tim J. B. Carruthers; Kenneth A. Moore; W. Michael Kemp; William C. Dennison; Nancy Rybicki; Peter Bergstrom; Richard A. Batiuk (Estuaries and Coasts, 2010)

The live-attenuated yellow fever vaccine 17D induces broad and potent T cell responses against several viral proteins in Indian rhesus macaques—implications for recombinant vaccine design - Philip A. Mudd; Shari M. Piaskowski; Patricia C. Costa Neves; Richard Rudersdorf; Holly L. Kolar; Christopher M. Eernisse; Kim L. Weisgrau; Marlon G. Veloso de Santana; Nancy A. Wilson; Myrna C. Bonaldo; Ricardo Galler; Eva G. Rakasz; et al. (Immunogenetics, 2010)

Anatomy and morphology of photinia (Photinia × fraseri Dress) in vitro plants inoculated with rhizobacteria - Ezequiel E. Larraburu; Nancy M. Apóstolo; Berta E. Llorente (Trees, 2010)

Dynamics of genome evolution in facultative symbionts of aphids - Patrick H. Degnan; Teresa E. Leonardo; Bodil N. Cass; Bonnie Hurwitz; David Stern; Richard A. Gibbs; Stephen Richards; Nancy A. Moran (Environmental Microbiology, 2010)
Summary Aphids are sap‐feeding insects that host a range of bacterial endosymbionts including the obligate, nutritional mutualist Buchnera plus several bacteria that are not required for host survival. Among the latter, ‘ Candidatus Regiella insecticola’ and ‘ Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa’ are found in pea aphids and other hosts and have been shown to protect aphids from natural enemies. We have sequenced almost the entire genome of R. insecticola (2.07 Mbp) and compared it with the recently published genome of H. defensa (2.11 Mbp). Despite being sister species the two genomes are highly rearranged and the genomes only have ∼55% of genes in common. The functions encoded by the shared genes imply that the bacteria have similar metabolic capabilities, including only two essential amino acid biosynthetic pathways and active uptake mechanisms for the remaining eight, and similar capacities for host cell toxicity and invasion (type 3 secretion systems and RTX toxins). These observations, combined with high sequence divergence of orthologues, strongly suggest an ancient divergence after establishment of a symbiotic lifestyle. The divergence in gene sets and in genome architecture implies a history of rampant recombination and gene inactivation and the ongoing integration of mobile DNA (insertion sequence elements, prophage and plasmids).

Community-level patterns of population recruitment in a generalist avian brood parasite, the brown-headed cowbird - David R. Curson; Christopher B. Goguen; Nancy E. Mathews (Oecologia, 2010)

Papaya Fruit Softening: Role of Hydrolases - Siwaporn Thumdee; Ashariya Manenoi; Nancy J. Chen; Robert E. Paull (Tropical Plant Biology, 2010)

Prefrontal cortical contributions during discriminative fear conditioning, extinction, and spontaneous recovery in rats - Erin L. Zelinski; Nancy S. Hong; Amanda V. Tyndall; Brett Halsall; Robert J. McDonald (Experimental Brain Research, 2010)

Five hundred microsatellite loci for Peromyscus - Jesse N. Weber; Maureen B. Peters; Olga V. Tsyusko; Catherine R. Linnen; Cris Hagen; Nancy A. Schable; Tracey D. Tuberville; Anna M. McKee; Stacey L. Lance; Kenneth L. Jones; Heidi S. Fisher; Michael J. Dewey; et al. (Conservation Genetics, 2010)

Genetic variation in sex-steroid receptors and synthesizing enzymes and colorectal cancer risk in women - Jennifer Lin; Robert Y. L. Zee; Kuang-Yu Liu; Shumin M. Zhang; I-Min Lee; JoAnn E. Manson; Edward Giovannucci; Julie E. Buring; Nancy R. Cook (Cancer Causes & Control, 2010)

Human alpha and beta papillomaviruses use different synonymous codon profiles - Nancy M. Cladel; Alex Bertotto; Neil D. Christensen (Virus Genes, 2010)

The distribution of native and exotic plants in a naturally fragmented sagebrush-steppe landscape - Randy Bangert; Nancy Huntly (Biological Invasions, 2010)

Evaluating Areas of High Conservation Value in Western Oregon with a Decision‐Support Model - NANCY L. STAUS; JAMES R. STRITTHOLT; DOMINICK A. DELLASALA (Conservation Biology, 2010)
The Northwest Forest Plan was implemented in 1994 to protect habitat for species associated with old‐growth forests, including Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentailis caurina) in Washington, Oregon, and northern California (U.S.A.). Nevertheless, 10‐year monitoring data indicate mixed success in meeting the ecological goals of the plan. We used the ecosystem management decision‐support model to evaluate terrestrial and aquatic habitats across the landscape on the basis of ecological objectives of the Northwest Forest Plan, which included maintenance of late‐successional and old‐growth forest, recovery, and maintenance of Pacific salmon ( Oncorhynchus spp.), and viability of Northern Spotted Owls. Areas of the landscape that contained habitat characteristics that supported these objectives were considered of high conservation value. We used the model to evaluate ecological condition of each of the 36, 180 township and range sections of the study area. Eighteen percent of the study area was identified as habitat of high conservation value. These areas were mostly on public lands. Many of the sections that contained habitat of exceptional conservation value were on Bureau of Land Management land that has been considered for management‐plan revisions to increase timber harvests. The results of our model can be used to guide future land management in the Northwest Forest Plan area, and illustrate how decision‐support models can help land managers develop strategies to better meet their goals .

Structural differences between hyperhydric and normal in vitro shoots of Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC) Mattos (Bignoniaceae) - Veronica Jausoro; Berta E. Llorente; Nancy M. Apóstolo (Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2010)

Probing the mechanism of saccade-associated head movements through observations of head movement propensity and cognition in the elderly - Zachary C. Thumser; Nancy L. Adams; Alan J. Lerner; John S. Stahl (Experimental Brain Research, 2010)

Erratum to: Increased Hippocampal Expression of the Divalent Metal Transporter 1 (DMT1) mRNA Variants 1B and +IRE and DMT1 Protein After NMDA-Receptor Stimulation or Spatial Memory Training - Paola Haeger; Álvaro Álvarez; Nancy Leal; Tatiana Adasme; Marco Tulio Núñez; Cecilia Hidalgo (Neurotoxicity Research, 2010)

Increased Hippocampal Expression of the Divalent Metal Transporter 1 (DMT1) mRNA Variants 1B and +IRE and DMT1 Protein After NMDA-Receptor Stimulation or Spatial Memory Training - Paola Haeger; Álvaro Álvarez; Nancy Leal; Tatiana Adasme; Marco Tulio Núñez; Cecilia Hidalgo (Neurotoxicity Research, 2010)

Recombinant respiratory syncytial virus F protein expression is hindered by inefficient nuclear export and mRNA processing - Kelly Huang; Heather Lawlor; Roderick Tang; Randall S. MacGill; Nancy D. Ulbrandt; Herren Wu (Virus Genes, 2010)

Exotic plants increase and native plants decrease with loss of foundation species in sagebrush steppe - Janet S. Prevéy; Matthew J. Germino; Nancy J. Huntly; Richard S. Inouye (Plant Ecology, 2010)

Evaluation of Cancer Patient Education and Services - Denise Gauthier-Frohlick; Susan Boyko; Michael Conlon; Sheila Damore-Petingola; Nancy Lightfoot; Terry Mackenzie; Carole Mayer; Elaine Reed; Shawn Steggles (Journal of Cancer Education, 2010)

IL-33 synergizes with IgE-dependent and IgE-independent agents to promote mast cell and basophil activation - Matthew R. Silver; Alexander Margulis; Nancy Wood; Samuel J. Goldman; Marion Kasaian; Divya Chaudhary (Inflammation Research, 2010)

Mycelium homogenates from a virulent strain of Phytophthora capsici promote a defence-related response in cell suspensions from Capsicum chinense - Yumi Elena Nakazawa-Ueji; Rosalía Núñez-Pastrana; Ramón Armando Souza-Perera; Nancy Santana-Buzzy; José Juan Zúñiga-Aguilar (European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2010)

Predictors of endoscopic colorectal cancer screening over time in 11 states - Lee Mobley; Tzy-Mey Kuo; Matthew Urato; John Boos; Nancy Lozano-Gracia; Luc Anselin (Cancer Causes & Control, 2010)

A meta‐analysis of context‐dependency in plant response to inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi - Jason D. Hoeksema; V. Bala Chaudhary; Catherine A. Gehring; Nancy Collins Johnson; Justine Karst; Roger T. Koide; Anne Pringle; Catherine Zabinski; James D. Bever; John C. Moore; Gail W. T. Wilson; John N. Klironomos; et al. (Ecology Letters, 2010)
Ecology Letters (2010) 13: 394–407 Abstract Mycorrhizal fungi influence plant growth, local biodiversity and ecosystem function. Effects of the symbiosis on plants span the continuum from mutualism to parasitism. We sought to understand this variation in symbiotic function using meta‐analysis with information theory‐based model selection to assess the relative importance of factors in five categories: (1) identity of the host plant and its functional characteristics, (2) identity and type of mycorrhizal fungi (arbuscular mycorrhizal vs. ectomycorrhizal), (3) soil fertility, (4) biotic complexity of the soil and (5) experimental location (laboratory vs. field). Across most subsets of the data, host plant functional group and N‐fertilization were surprisingly much more important in predicting plant responses to mycorrhizal inoculation (‘plant response’) than other factors. Non‐N‐fixing forbs and woody plants and C 4 grasses responded more positively to mycorrhizal inoculation than plants with N‐fixing bacterial symbionts and C 3 grasses. In laboratory studies of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, plant response was more positive when the soil community was more complex. Univariate analyses supported the hypothesis that plant response is most positive when plants are P‐limited rather than N‐limited. These results emphasize that mycorrhizal function depends on both abiotic and biotic context, and have implications for plant community theory and restoration ecology.

COSII genetic maps of two diploid Nicotiana species provide a detailed picture of synteny with tomato and insights into chromosome evolution in tetraploid N. tabacum - Feinan Wu; Nancy T. Eannetta; Yimin Xu; Jörg Plieske; Martin Ganal; Carlo Pozzi; Nicolas Bakaher; Steven D. Tanksley (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2010)

Host-mediated volatile polymorphism in a parasitic plant influences its attractiveness to pollinators - Alejandra J. Troncoso; Nancy J. Cabezas; Eric H. Faúndez; Alejandro Urzúa; Hermann M. Niemeyer (Oecologia, 2010)

Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels in offshore workers - Nancy Brenna Hopf; Jorunn Kirkeleit; Stacy L. Kramer; Bente Moen; Paul Succop; Mary Beth Genter; Tania Carreón; James Mack; Glenn Talaska (International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 2010)

In vitro culture of precision-cut testicular tissue as a novel tool for the study of responses to LH - Andy Michael Laughlin; Thomas H. Welsh; Charles C. Love; Dickson D. Varner; Alan R. Parrish; David W. Forrest; Nancy H. Ing (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2010)

Cytochrome P450 expression profile of the PICM-19H pig liver cell line: potential application to rapid liver toxicity assays - Ryan R. Willard; Nancy W. Shappell; John H. Meekin; Neil C. Talbot; Thomas J. Caperna (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2010)

Erratum to: Molecular characterization of a rare, human-porcine reassortant rotavirus strain, G11P[6], from Ecuador - Krisztián Bányai; Mathew D. Esona; Tara K. Kerin; Jennifer J. Hull; Slavica Mijatovic; Nancy Vásconez; Carlos Torres; Ana M. B. de Filippis; Kimberly R. Foytich; Jon R. Gentsch (Archives of Virology, 2010)

Effects of biological and physical factors on seasonal oxygen dynamics in a stratified, eutrophic coastal ecosystem - Zoraida J. Quiñones Rivera; Björn Wissel; Nancy N. Rabalais; Dubravko Justića (Limnology and Oceanography, 2010)
Using a dual‐budget approach based on oxygen concentrations and stable isotopes, we examined primary production, respiration, and production to respiration ratios (P : R) across the Louisiana continental shelf to determine the relative roles of biological and physical factors in controlling seasonal oxygen dynamics. Regression models for δ 18 O and P :R indicated that the concentration of algal biomass explained most of the variability of the seasonal oxygen dynamics in surface waters. Physical factors, such as salinity, temperature, water‐column stability, and station depth were only of minor importance. Seasonal oxygen dynamics were more pronounced in bottom waters than in surface waters as hypoxia was common in bottom waters during summer months (May‐October). During cooler winter months (November‐April), oxygen concentrations throughout the water column were close to equilibrium with the atmosphere. The relative importance of benthic respiration to water‐column respiration in bottom waters was more pronounced during summer months when the water column was stratified. A strong physical disturbance caused by Hurricane Claudette during the summer of 2003 resulted in lower surface productivity relative to the calm 2001 and 2002 summertime conditions. Even though estimates of surface primary production and P :R were lower in July 2003 compared to July 2002, concentration of algal biomass (particulate organic carbon, C: N) remained the most important factor for d18O and P :R dynamics. The physical disturbance due to the hurricane, however, diminished the relative importance of benthic respiration, so that the system rather resembled wintertime conditions.

Changes in species richness and composition in European acidic grasslands over the past 70 years: the contribution of cumulative atmospheric nitrogen deposition - CECILIA DUPRÈ; CARLY J. STEVENS; TRAUTE RANKE; ALBERT BLEEKER; CORD PEPPLER‐LISBACH; DAVID J. G. GOWING; NANCY B. DISE; EDU DORLAND; ROLAND BOBBINK; MARTIN DIEKMANN (Global Change Biology, 2010)
Our study investigates the negative impact of nitrogen (N) deposition on species richness in acidic grasslands, based on a temporal comparison of vegetation data spanning a period of almost 70 years. We compiled a large data base of plots assigned to the Violion caninae grassland type, composed of managed, but unfertilized semi‐natural grasslands on nutrient‐poor, acidic soils. In total 1114 plots, mainly from Great Britain, the Netherlands and Germany, were compiled, dating back to 1939. Environmental site information included geographical and soil (mean Ellenberg values) variables as well as estimates of cumulative N and sulphur (S) deposition since 1939. Statistical analyses were carried out separately for the data subsets from the three regions. In all regions, the vegetation differentiation was mainly related to soil acidity and nutrient availability, as well as to the year of sampling and the cumulative amounts of N and S deposition. Plot‐species richness of vascular plants and bryophytes (analysed for Great Britain only) decreased with time and analyses suggest these are affected by various factors, notably soil pH, but also latitude and cumulative N deposition. The latter explained more of the variation in species number than the year of sampling and cumulative S deposition, which supports the interpretation that the decline in species richness is mainly caused by increasing N availability and less by altered management and soil acidification. For Great Britain and Germany, cumulative N deposition showed a strong negative relationship with several biodiversity measures, especially the proportion of dicots, whereas it was positively related to the proportion of grass species. In general, our results give temporal evidence for the negative effect of N deposition on species richness in semi‐natural vegetation.

Detection of elemental mercury in abdominal wall soft tissue - Linda S. Ellis; Michael E. Mullins; Nancy Galvin; Anthony J. Scalzo (Journal of Medical Toxicology, 2009)

Erratum to: Induction and decay of short-term heat acclimation - Andrew T. Garrett; Niels G. Goosens; Nancy J. Rehrer; Mark J. Patterson; James D. Cotter (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2009)

Induction and decay of short-term heat acclimation - Andrew T. Garrett; Niels G. Goosens; Nancy G. Rehrer; Mark J. Patterson; James D. Cotter (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2009)

Characteristics of Coastal Dune Topography and Vegetation in Environments Recently Modified Using Beach Fill and Vegetation Plantings, Veneto, Italy - Karl F. Nordstrom; Ulrike Gamper; Giorgio Fontolan; Annelore Bezzi; Nancy L. Jackson (Environmental Management, 2009)

The effect of calcium and pH on Florida apple snail, Pomacea paludosa (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae), shell growth and crush weight - Nancy H. Glass; Philip C. Darby (Aquatic Ecology, 2009)

Phosphorus Fractionation in Sediment Cores Collected In 2005 Before and After Onset of an Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Bloom in Upper Klamath Lake, OR, USA - Nancy S. Simon; Dennis Lynch; Thomas N. Gallaher (Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2009)

Variational data assimilation for parameter estimation: application to a simple morphodynamic model - Polly J. Smith; Sarah L. Dance; Michael J. Baines; Nancy K. Nichols; Tania R. Scott (Ocean Dynamics, 2009)

Pseudomonas extremaustralis sp. nov., a Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Producer Isolated from an Antarctic Environment - Nancy I. López; M. Julia Pettinari; Erko Stackebrandt; Paula M. Tribelli; Markus Põtter; Alexander Steinbüchel; Beatriz S. Méndez (Current Microbiology, 2009)

Genetic variants in the cell cycle control pathways contribute to early onset colorectal cancer in Lynch syndrome - Jinyun Chen; Carol J. Etzel; Christopher I. Amos; Qing Zhang; Nancy Viscofsky; Noralane M. Lindor; Patrick M. Lynch; Marsha L. Frazier (Cancer Causes & Control, 2009)

Molecular characterization of a rare, human-porcine reassortant rotavirus strain, G11P[6], from Ecuador - Krisztián Bányai; Mathew D. Esona; Tara K. Kerin; Jennifer J. Hull; Slavica Mijatovic; Nancy Vásconez; Carlos Torres; Ana M. B. de Filippis; Jon R. Gentsch (Archives of Virology, 2009)

Multidecadal climate oscillations detected in a transparency record from a subtropical Florida lake - Evelyn E. Gaiser; Nancy D. Deyrup; Roger W. Bachmann; Larry E. Battoe; Hilary M. Swain (Limnology and Oceanography, 2009)
Synchronous interannual variability in water transparency observed in neighboring lakes has been linked to regional precipitation and resultant runoff of dissolved organic material, but many climate forcings oscillate over time scales longer than most limnological records can detect. A strong relationship ( R 2 5 0.86) between transparency and the previous two years' rainfall and lake stage in a 25‐yr record from a Florida lake enabled us to hindcast transparency from a longer 75‐yr record of rainfall and lake stage. Predictions revealed a ~30‐yr cycle in transparency linked to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). Transparency was greatest (4–8 m) in the cool phase of the AMO (~1962–1993) associated with below‐average rainfall in south Florida and lowest (0.1‐ 3.0 m) during two warm phases (~1932–1961, 1994–present) associated with above‐average, but more variable, annual rainfall. Models that predict effects of large‐scale hydrologic restoration projects on solute export from South Florida's expansive wetlands need to account for recent entry into a warm AMO phase, where teleconnections between the AMO phases and runoff are opposite of those shown for the U.S. interior.

Restoration of dredged canals in wetlands: a comparison of methods - Joseph J. Baustian; R. Eugene Turner; Nancy F. Walters; David P. Muth (Wetlands Ecology and Management, 2009)

Fiddler crab burrowing affects growth and production of the white mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa) in a restored Florida coastal marsh - Nancy F. Smith; Christie Wilcox; Jeannine M. Lessmann (Marine Biology, 2009)

Access to mammography screening in a large urban population: a multi-level analysis - Stephen C. Meersman; Nancy Breen; Linda W. Pickle; Helen I. Meissner; Paul Simon (Cancer Causes & Control, 2009)

Impact of geography on mammography use in California - Monica C. Jackson; William W. Davis; William Waldron; Timothy S. McNeel; Ruth Pfeiffer; Nancy Breen (Cancer Causes & Control, 2009)

Impact of a mixed strength and endurance exercise intervention on levels of adiponectin, high molecular weight adiponectin and leptin in breast cancer survivors - Jennifer A. Ligibel; Anita Giobbie-Hurder; Deanna Olenczuk; Nancy Campbell; Taylor Salinardi; Eric P. Winer; Christos S. Mantzoros (Cancer Causes & Control, 2009)

Association of metabolic syndrome with insulin-like growth factors among adults in the US - Sharon Saydah; Rachel Ballard-Barbash; Nancy Potischman (Cancer Causes & Control, 2009)

Eye size and the time of arrival of birds at garden feeding stations in winter - Nancy Ockendon; Sarah E. Davis; Mike P. Toms; Sarah Mukherjee (Journal of Ornithology, 2009)

Metabolic depression during aestivation does not involve remodelling of membrane fatty acids in two Australian frogs - Nancy J. Berner; P. L. Else; A. J. Hulbert; B. L. Mantle; R. L. Cramp; C. E. Franklin (Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 2009)

Relationships between Sensitivity to Agricultural Intensification and Ecological Traits of Insectivorous Mammals and Arthropods - NANCY JENNINGS; MICHAEL J. O. POCOCK (Conservation Biology, 2009)
We tested the hypothesis that variation in the sensitivity of animals to habitat change is explained by ecological traits (life‐history traits, trophic level, and mobility). We measured the sensitivity of insectivorous mammals (shrews and bats) and their prey (arthropods active at the soil surface and nocturnal aerial arthropods) to three aspects of agricultural intensification in a matched‐pair experimental design: increased use of agrochemicals (comparison of organic and conventional cereal crops, with pairing for the size of the boundary hedge), change in grassland management from hay to silage (with pairing for the size of the boundary hedge), and increased field size due to hedgerow loss (with boundary‐field comparisons as a proxy). We assessed the sensitivity of taxa as the difference in their relative abundance between pairs of high‐ and low‐intensity sites for each aspect of agricultural intensification. We used phylogenetically informed analyses to explore cross‐species relationships between our measures of sensitivity and seven ecological traits of animals (e.g., trophic level, mobility, and reproductive rate). Several traits were related to the sensitivity of animals to agricultural intensification. These traits were mainly associated with fast life histories (high reproductive output and low trophic level) and low mobility. Trophic level of adults was related to sensitivity to habitat change for all three aspects of agricultural intensification, but the direction of the relationship differed between the three aspects of intensification. The significance of the relationship between other ecological traits and sensitivity to intensification varied for the three aspects of agricultural intensification. Our results show that some ecological traits can be used to preselect taxa that are predicted to be sensitive to habitat change, and their sensitivity can be tested empirically for use as biotic indicator taxa. Understanding which traits are related to sensitivity to habitat change is vital because sensitivity is important in determining a taxon's ability to survive in dynamic environments.

Patterns of environmental change associated withTypha xglauca invasion in a Great Lakes coastal wetland - Nancy C. Tuchman; Daniel J. Larkin; Pamela Geddes; Radka Wildova; KathiJo Jankowski; Deborah E. Goldberg (Wetlands, 2009)

Sorption-desorption of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by wetland sediments - Jeanette Gaultier; Annemieke Farenhorst; Sung Min Kim; Ibrahim Saiyed; Paul Messing; Allan J. Cessna; Nancy E. Glozier (Wetlands, 2009)

De novo synthesis of human dermis in vitro in the absence of a three-dimensional scaffold - Tara Pouyani; Vincent Ronfard; Paul G. Scott; Carole M. Dodd; Aftab Ahmed; Richard L. Gallo; Nancy L. Parenteau (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2009)

Seasonal Composition of Benthic Macroinfauna Exposed to Hypoxia in the Northern Gulf of Mexico - Melissa M. Baustian; Nancy N. Rabalais (Estuaries and Coasts, 2009)

Nutrient Limitation on Phytoplankton Growth in the Upper Barataria Basin, Louisiana: Microcosm Bioassays - Ling Ren; Nancy N. Rabalais; R. Eugene Turner; Wendy Morrison; Warren Mendenhall (Estuaries and Coasts, 2009)

Physical activity, adiposity, and risk of endometrial cancer - Molly B. Conroy; Jacob R. Sattelmair; Nancy R. Cook; JoAnn E. Manson; Julie E. Buring; I-Min Lee (Cancer Causes & Control, 2009)

Improved Sugar Conversion and Ethanol Yield for Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Lines with Reduced Lignin Contents - Bruce S. Dien; Gautam Sarath; Jeffrey F. Pedersen; Scott E. Sattler; Han Chen; Deanna L. Funnell-Harris; Nancy N. Nichols; Michael A. Cotta (BioEnergy Research, 2009)

Single and combined effects of αvβ3- and α5β1-integrins on capillary tube formation in a human fibrinous matrix - Nancy Laurens; Marten A. Engelse; Clarissa Jungerius; Clemens W. Löwik; Victor W. M. van Hinsbergh; Pieter Koolwijk (Angiogenesis, 2009)

In vitro production of radiolabeled red clover (Trifolium pratense) isoflavones - Nancy J. Engelmann; Adam Reppert; Gad Yousef; Randy B. Rogers; Mary Ann Lila (Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 2009)

Obesity and genetics regulate microRNAs in islets, liver, and adipose of diabetic mice - Enpeng Zhao; Mark P. Keller; Mary E. Rabaglia; Angie T. Oler; Donnie S. Stapleton; Kathryn L. Schueler; Elias Chaibub Neto; Jee Young Moon; Ping Wang; I-Ming Wang; Pek Yee Lum; Irena Ivanovska; et al. (Mammalian Genome, 2009)

MassBuilt: effectiveness of an apprenticeship site-based smoking cessation intervention for unionized building trades workers - Cassandra A. Okechukwu; Nancy Krieger; Glorian Sorensen; Yi Li; Elizabeth M. Barbeau (Cancer Causes & Control, 2009)

Genetic analysis of avian influenza A viruses isolated from domestic waterfowl in live-bird markets of Hanoi, Vietnam, preceding fatal H5N1 human infections in 2004 - Samadhan J. Jadhao; Doan C. Nguyen; Timothy M. Uyeki; Michael Shaw; Taronna Maines; Thomas Rowe; Catherine Smith; Lien P. T. Huynh; Ha K. Nghiem; Diep H. T. Nguyen; Hang K. L. Nguyen; Hanh H. T. Nguyen; et al. (Archives of Virology, 2009)

Training-induced changes in the pattern of triceps to biceps activation during reaching tasks after chronic and severe stroke - Ruth Nancy Barker; Sandra Brauer; Richard Carson (Experimental Brain Research, 2009)

The Changing Social Landscape in the Midwest: A Boon for Forestry and Bust for Oak? - Tricia G. Knoot; Lisa A. Schulte; Nancy Grudens-Schuck; Mark Rickenbach (Journal of Forestry, 2009)
Recent forest surveys report poor oak regeneration on the privately held forestlands of the Midwest. Data from in-depth interviews with natural resource professionals from the region suggested that changing ownership patterns, increasing property values, widespread forest parcelization, and exurban residential development, both directly and indirectly, limit the likelihood of oak regeneration. Foremost, interviewees noted that typical practices used to regenerate oak, such as clearcutting, were often viewed by landowners as incompatible with expectations of how forestland should be experienced under their care. Such constraints may be countered by the observation that new family forest owners are more economically able to engage in sustainable forestry practices and are highly motivated to manage their forests when compared with owners of the past. Interviewees provided a multifaceted portrait of new opportunities for engaging private landowners in sustainable forest management but posed a questionable future for oak.

Fossils, Feuds, and the Frontier Development of American Paleontology - Nancy E. Todd (Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 2009)

Ten microsatellite loci from Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) - Brant C. Faircloth; Theron M. Terhune; Nancy A. Schable; Travis C. Glenn; William E. Palmer; John P. Carroll (Conservation Genetics, 2009)

A COSII genetic map of the pepper genome provides a detailed picture of synteny with tomato and new insights into recent chromosome evolution in the genus Capsicum - Feinan Wu; Nancy T. Eannetta; Yimin Xu; Richard Durrett; Michael Mazourek; Molly M. Jahn; Steven D. Tanksley (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2009)

Nitrate removal in stream ecosystems measured by 15N addition experiments: Total uptake - Robert O. Hall; Jennifer L. Tank; Daniel J. Sobota; Patrick J. Mulholland; Jonathan M. O'Brien; Walter K. Dodds; Jackson R. Webster; H. Maurice Valett; Geoffrey C. Poole; Bruce J. Peterson; Judy L. Meyer; William H. McDowell; et al. (Limnology and Oceanography, 2009)
We measured uptake length of 15 NO 3 − in 72 streams in eight regions across the United States and Puerto Rico to develop quantitative predictive models on controls of NO 3 − uptake length. As part of the Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiment II project, we chose nine streams in each region corresponding to natural (reference), suburban‐urban, and agricultural land uses. Study streams spanned a range of human land use to maximize variation in NO 3 − concentration, geomorphology, and metabolism. We tested a causal model predicting controls on NO 3 − uptake length using structural equation modeling. The model included concomitant measurements of ecosystem metabolism, hydraulic parameters, and nitrogen concentration. We compared this structural equation model to multiple regression models which included additional biotic, catchment, and riparian variables. The structural equation model explained 79% of the variation in log uptake length ( S Wtot ). Uptake length increased with specific discharge ( Q/w ) and increasing NO 3 − concentrations, showing a loss in removal efficiency in streams with high NO 3 − concentration. Uptake lengths shortened with increasing gross primary production, suggesting autotrophic assimilation dominated NO 3 − removal. The fraction of catchment area as agriculture and suburban‐urban land use weakly predicted NO 3 − uptake in bivariate regression, and did improve prediction in a set of multiple regression models. Adding land use to the structural equation model showed that land use indirectly affected NO 3 − uptake lengths via directly increasing both gross primary production and NO 3 − concentration. Gross primary production shortened S Wtot , while increasing NO 3 − lengthened S Wtot resulting in no net effect of land use on NO 3 − removal.

Nitrate removal in stream ecosystems measured by 15N addition experiments: Denitrification - Patrick J. Mulholland; Robert O. Hall; Daniel J. Sobota; Walter K. Dodds; Stuart E. G. Findlay; Nancy B. Grimm; Stephen K. Hamilton; William H. McDowell; Jonathan M. O'Brien; Jennifer L. Tank; Linda R. Ashkenas; Lee W. Cooper; et al. (Limnology and Oceanography, 2009)
We measured denitrification rates using a field 15 NO 3 − tracer‐addition approach in a large, cross‐site study of nitrate uptake in reference, agricultural, and suburban‐urban streams. We measured denitrification rates in 49 of 72 streams studied. Uptake length due to denitrification ( S Wden n) ranged from 89 m to 184 km (median of 9050 m) and there were no significant differences among regions or land‐use categories, likely because of the wide range of conditions within each region and land use. N 2 production rates far exceeded N 2 O production rates in all streams. The fraction of total NO 3 − removal from water due to denitrification ranged from 0.5% to 100% among streams (median of 16%), and was related to NH 4 + concentration and ecosystem respiration rate (ER). Multivariate approaches showed that the most important factors controlling S Wden were specific discharge (discharge / width) and NO 3 − concentration (positive effects), and ER and transient storage zones (negative effects). The relationship between areal denitrification rate ( U den ) and NO 3 − concentration indicated a partial saturation effect. A power function with an exponent of 0.5 described this relationship better than a Michaelis‐Menten equation. Although U den increased with increasing NO 3 − concentration, the efficiency of NO 3 − removal from water via denitrification declined, resulting in a smaller proportion of streamwater NO 3 − load removed over a given length of stream. Regional differences in stream denitrification rates were small relative to the proximate factors of NO 3 − concentration and ecosystem respiration rate, and land use was an important but indirect control on denitrification in streams, primarily via its effect on NO 3 − concentration.

Ectopic expression of VlmybA1 in grapevine activates a narrow set of genes involved in anthocyanin synthesis and transport - Maria-Cruz Cutanda-Perez; Agnès Ageorges; Camila Gomez; Sandrine Vialet; Nancy Terrier; Charles Romieu; Laurent Torregrosa (Plant Molecular Biology, 2009)

Prostate cancer and driving occupations: could whole body vibration play a role? - Erin Young; Nancy Kreiger; Jim Purdham; Andrea Sass-Kortsak (International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 2009)

Linking above‐ and belowground responses to global change at community and ecosystem scales - ANITA ANTONINKA; JULIE E. WOLF; MATTHEW BOWKER; AIMÉE T. CLASSEN; NANCY COLLINS JOHNSON (Global Change Biology, 2009)
Cryptic belowground organisms are difficult to observe and their responses to global changes are not well understood. Nevertheless, there is reason to believe that interactions among above‐ and belowground communities may mediate ecosystem responses to global change. We used grassland mesocosms to manipulate the abundance of one important group of soil organisms, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, and to study community and ecosystem responses to CO 2 and N enrichment. Responses of plants, AM fungi, phospholipid fatty acids and community‐level physiological profiles were measured after two growing seasons. Ecosystem responses were examined by measuring net primary production (NPP), evapotranspiration, total soil organic matter (SOM), and extractable mineral N. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the causal relationships among treatments and response variables. We found that while CO 2 and N tended to directly impact ecosystem functions (evapotranspiration and NPP, respectively), AM fungi indirectly impacted ecosystem functions by influencing the community composition of plants and other root fungi, soil fungi and soil bacteria. We found that the mycotrophic status of the dominant plant species in the mesocosms determined whether the presence of AM fungi increased or decreased NPP. Mycotrophic grasses dominated the mesocosm communities during the first growing season, and the mycorrhizal treatments had the highest NPP. In contrast, nonmycotrophic forbs were dominant during the second growing season and the mycorrhizal treatments had the lowest NPP. The composition of the plant community strongly influenced soil N, and the community composition of soil organisms strongly influenced SOM accumulation in the mesocosms. These results show how linkages between above‐ and belowground communities can determine ecosystem responses to global change.

A comparison of soil organic carbon stocks between residential turf grass and native soil - Richard V. Pouyat; Ian D. Yesilonis; Nancy E. Golubiewski (Urban Ecosystems, 2009)

A detailed synteny map of the eggplant genome based on conserved ortholog set II (COSII) markers - Feinan Wu; Nancy T. Eannetta; Yimin Xu; Steven D. Tanksley (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2009)

In Silico Construction of a Protein Interaction Landscape for Nucleotide Excision Repair - Nancy Tran; Ping-Ping Qu; Dennis A. Simpson; Laura Lindsey-Boltz; Xiaojun Guan; Charles P. Schmitt; Joseph G. Ibrahim; William K. Kaufmann (Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2009)

Influence of birth weight and adult body composition on 17β-estradiol levels in young women - Sissi Espetvedt Finstad; Aina Emaus; Nancy Potischman; Emily Barrett; Anne-Sofie Furberg; Peter T. Ellison; Grazyna Jasienska; Inger Thune (Cancer Causes & Control, 2009)

Pregnancy weight gain is not associated with maternal or mixed umbilical cord estrogen and androgen concentrations - Jessica M. Faupel-Badger; Robert N. Hoover; Nancy Potischman; James M. Roberts; Rebecca Troisi (Cancer Causes & Control, 2009)

Age-Related Changes in the Anatomy of Language Regions in Autism Spectrum Disorder - Tracey A. Knaus; Andrew M. Silver; Kelli C. Dominick; Melanee D. Schuring; Nancy Shaffer; Kristen A. Lindgren; Robert M. Joseph; Helen Tager-Flusberg (Brain Imaging and Behavior, 2009)

Sex Pheromone of the Scarab Beetle Phyllophaga (Phytalus) georgiana (Horn) - Paul S. Robbins; Satoshi Nojima; Sridhar Polavarapu; Albrecht M. Koppenhöfer; Cesar Rodriguez-Saona; Robert J. Holdcraft; Nancy H. Consolie; Daniel C. Peck; Wendell L. Roelofs (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2009)

Porcine IgG: structure, genetics, and evolution - J. E. Butler; Nancy Wertz; Nicholas Deschacht; Imre Kacskovics (Immunogenetics, 2009)

Multiple introductions of the Spiroplasma bacterial endosymbiont into Drosophila - TAMARA S. HASELKORN; THERESE A. MARKOW; NANCY A. MORAN (Molecular Ecology, 2009)
Bacterial endosymbionts are common in insects and can have dramatic effects on their host's evolution. So far, the only heritable symbionts found in Drosophila have been Wolbachia and Spiroplasma . While the incidence and effects of Wolbachia have been studied extensively, the prevalence and significance of Spiroplasma infections in Drosophila are less clear. These small, gram‐positive, helical bacteria infect a diverse array of plant and arthropod hosts, conferring a variety of fitness effects. Male‐killing Spiroplasma are known from certain Drosophila species; however, in others, Spiroplasma appear not to affect sex ratio. Previous studies have identified different Spiroplasma haplotypes in Drosophila populations, although no extensive surveys have yet been reported. We used a multilocus sequence analysis to reconstruct a robust Spiroplasma endosymbiont phylogeny, assess genetic diversity, and look for evidence of recombination. Six loci were sequenced from over 65 Spiroplasma ‐infected individuals from nine different Drosophila species. Analysis of these sequences reveals at least five separate introductions of four phylogenetically distinct Spiroplasma haplotypes, indicating that more extensive sampling will likely reveal an even greater Spiroplasma endosymbiont diversity. Patterns of variation in Drosophila mitochondrial haplotypes in Spiroplasma ‐infected and uninfected flies imply imperfect vertical transmission in host populations and possible horizontal transmission.

Structure and stability in exploited marine fish communities: quantifying critical transitions - BRIAN PETRIE; KENNETH T. FRANK; NANCY L. SHACKELL; WILLIAM C. LEGGETT (Fisheries Oceanography, 2009)
Correlations between time series of the abundance of predator and prey fish species in heavily exploited western North Atlantic marine fisheries vary temporally but are generally positive in southern, warmer waters and negative in northern, colder ones. The correlations provide an index of trophic structure and dynamics. We construct a framework to quantify critical thresholds between states in which the predator–prey correlations are positive or negative. We do so by developing a quantitative model of the distribution of the correlations between predator (15 species) and prey (8 species) functional groups based on the annual predator depletion rates and bottom temperatures (or alternatively species richness). The model accounts for 58% of the variance of the correlations with a root mean square error of 0.3. This index of trophic structure indicates that warmer, species‐rich, southern fish populations resist transformation from positive to negative predator–prey correlations at exploitation rates that can be double those in the colder, relatively species‐poor, northern areas. The model can be used to set limits for exploitation rates that preserve the functional relationships between predator–prey groups in emerging fisheries, and to assess the potential for and measures required to achieve recovery of degraded fish communities.

Novel sulfur‐oxidizing streamers thriving in perennial cold saline springs of the Canadian high Arctic - Thomas D. Niederberger; Nancy N. Perreault; John R. Lawrence; Jay L. Nadeau; Randall E. Mielke; Charles W. Greer; Dale T. Andersen; Lyle G. Whyte (Environmental Microbiology, 2009)
Summary The perennial springs at Gypsum Hill (GH) and Colour Peak (CP), situated at nearly 80°N on Axel Heiberg Island in the Canadian high Arctic, are one of the few known examples of cold springs in thick permafrost on Earth. The springs emanate from deep saline aquifers and discharge cold anoxic brines rich in both sulfide and sulfate. Grey‐coloured microbial streamers form during the winter months in snow‐covered regions of the GH spring run‐off channels (−1.3°C to 6.9°C, ∼7.5% NaCl, 0–20 p.p.m. dissolved sulfide, 1 p.p.m. dissolved oxygen) but disappear during the Arctic summer. Culture‐ and molecular‐based analyses of the 16S rRNA gene (FISH, DGGE and clone libraries) indicated that the streamers were uniquely dominated by chemolithoautotrophic sulfur‐oxidizing Thiomicrospira species . The streamers oxidized both sulfide and thiosulfate and fixed CO 2 under in situ conditions and a Thiomicrospira strain isolated from the streamers also actively oxidized sulfide and thiosulfate and fixed CO 2 under cold, saline conditions. Overall, the snow‐covered spring channels appear to represent a unique polar saline microhabitat that protects and allows Thiomicrospira streamers to form and flourish via chemolithoautrophic, phototrophic‐independent metabolism in a high Arctic winter environment characterized by air temperatures commonly below −40°C and with an annual average air temperature of −15°C. These results broaden our knowledge of the physical and chemical boundaries that define life on Earth and have astrobiological implications for the possibility of life existing under similar Martian conditions.

Nitrification in Drinking Water Systems - Yan Zhang; Nancy Love; Marc Edwards (Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2009)

Identification of common genetic variants that account for transcript isoform variation between human populations - Wei Zhang; Shiwei Duan; Wasim K. Bleibel; Steven A. Wisel; R. Stephanie Huang; Xiaolin Wu; Lijun He; Tyson A. Clark; Tina X. Chen; Anthony C. Schweitzer; John E. Blume; M. Eileen Dolan; et al. (Human Genetics, 2009)

Selective lesion of medial septal cholinergic neurons followed by a mini-stroke impairs spatial learning in rats - Laura A. Craig; Nancy S. Hong; Joelle Kopp; Robert J. McDonald (Experimental Brain Research, 2009)

Spatial Heterogeneity of Denitrification in Semi-Arid Floodplains - Tamara K. Harms; Elizabeth A. Wentz; Nancy B. Grimm (Ecosystems, 2009)

Porcine IgG: structure, genetics and evolution - J. E. Butler; Nancy Wertz; Nicolas Deschacht; Imre Kacskovics (Immunogenetics, 2009)

Cryptic seedling herbivory by nocturnal introduced generalists impacts survival, performance of native and exotic plants - Sharon Y. Strauss; Maureen L. Stanton; Nancy C. Emery; Carrie A. Bradley; Alexandra Carleton; Dylan R. Dittrich-Reed; Olivia A. Ervin; Levi N. Gray; Andrew M. Hamilton; Jennifer Harrington Rogge; Skye D. Harper; Kimberley Cook Law; et al. (Ecology, 2009)
Although much of the theory on the success of invasive species has been geared at escape from specialist enemies, the impact of introduced generalist invertebrate herbivores on both native and introduced plant species has been underappreciated. The role of nocturnal invertebrate herbivores in structuring plant communities has been examined extensively in Europe, but less so in North America. Many nocturnal generalists (slugs, snails, and earwigs) have been introduced to North America, and 96% of herbivores found during a night census at our California Central Valley site were introduced generalists. We explored the role of these herbivores in the distribution, survivorship, and growth of 12 native and introduced plant species from six families. We predicted that introduced species sharing an evolutionary history with these generalists might be less vulnerable than native plant species. We quantified plant and herbivore abundances within our heterogeneous site and also established herbivore removal experiments in 160 plots spanning the gamut of microhabitats. As 18 collaborators, we checked 2000 seedling sites every day for three weeks to assess nocturnal seedling predation. Laboratory feeding trials allowed us to quantify the palatability of plant species to the two dominant nocturnal herbivores at the site (slugs and earwigs) and allowed us to account for herbivore microhabitat preferences when analyzing attack rates on seedlings. The relationship between local slug abundance and percent cover of five common plant taxa at the field site was significantly negatively associated with the mean palatability of these taxa to slugs in laboratory trials. Moreover, seedling mortality of 12 species in open‐field plots was positively correlated with mean palatability of these taxa to both slugs and earwigs in laboratory trials. Counter to expectations, seedlings of native species were neither more vulnerable nor more palatable to nocturnal generalists than those of introduced species. Growth comparison of plants within and outside herbivore exclosures also revealed no differences between native and introduced plant species, despite large impacts of herbivores on growth. Cryptic nocturnal predation on seedlings was common and had large effects on plant establishment at our site. Without intensive monitoring, such predation could easily be misconstrued as poor seedling emergence.

Protracted cognitive effects produced by clonidine in Macaca nemestrina performing a delayed matching task - Jerry J. Buccafusco; Scott J. Webster; Alvin V. Terry; Nancy Kille; Donna Blessing (Psychopharmacology, 2009)

Genetic manipulation of lysine catabolism in maize kernels - Allan R. Reyes; Christopher P. Bonin; Nancy M. Houmard; Shihshieh Huang; Thomas M. Malvar (Plant Molecular Biology, 2009)

Sulfate Activation Enzymes: Phylogeny and Association with Pyrophosphatase - Michael E. Bradley; Joshua S. Rest; Wen-Hsiung Li; Nancy B. Schwartz (Journal of Molecular Evolution, 2009)

Anadromous sturgeons—what’s in a name? - Nancy Auer (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2009)

Polyhydroxyalkanoates are essential for maintenance of redox state in the Antarctic bacterium Pseudomonas sp. 14-3 during low temperature adaptation - Nicolás D. Ayub; Paula M. Tribelli; Nancy I. López (Extremophiles, 2009)

Nestedness in playa odonates as a function of area and surrounding land-use - Crystal N. Craig; Bryan A. Reece; Nancy E. McIntyre (Wetlands, 2008)

Fruit Development, Ripening and Quality Related Genes in the Papaya Genome - Robert E. Paull; Beth Irikura; Pingfang Wu; Helen Turano; Nancy Jung Chen; Andrea Blas; John K. Fellman; Andrea R. Gschwend; Ching Man Wai; Qingyi Yu; Gernot Presting; Maqsudul Alam; et al. (Tropical Plant Biology, 2008)

Individual differences in cocaine-induced locomotor activity in male Sprague–Dawley rats and their acquisition of and motivation to self-administer cocaine - Bruce H. Mandt; Susan Schenk; Nancy R. Zahniser; Richard M. Allen (Psychopharmacology, 2008)

Formation of Zinc–Peptide Spherical Microparticles During Lyophilization from tert-Butyl Alcohol/Water Co-solvent System - Feng Qian; Nina Ni; Jia-Wen Chen; Sridhar Desikan; Vijay Naringrekar; Munir A. Hussain; Nancy P. Barbour; Ronald L. Smith (Pharmaceutical Research, 2008)

Comparisons of Suspensory Behaviors Among Pygathrix cinerea, P. nemaeus, and Nomascus leucogenys in Cuc Phuong National Park, Vietnam - Kristin A. Wright; Nancy J. Stevens; Herbert H. Covert; Tilo Nadler (International Journal of Primatology, 2008)

Race/ethnicity and breast cancer estrogen receptor status: impact of class, missing data, and modeling assumptions - Nancy Krieger; Jarvis T. Chen; James H. Ware; Afamia Kaddour (Cancer Causes & Control, 2008)

Hatchery broodstock conditioning of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis (Linnaeus, 1758). Part II. New formulated feeds offer new perspectives to commercial hatcheries - Nancy Marie Nevejan; Anna Elisabeth Pronker; Frank Peene (Aquaculture International, 2008)

Differential and combined impacts of extreme temperatures and air pollution on human mortality in south–central Canada. Part II: future estimates - Chad Shouquan Cheng; Monica Campbell; Qian Li; Guilong Li; Heather Auld; Nancy Day; David Pengelly; Sarah Gingrich; Joan Klaassen; Don MacIver; Neil Comer; Yang Mao; et al. (Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 2008)

Differential and combined impacts of extreme temperatures and air pollution on human mortality in south–central Canada. Part I: historical analysis - Chad Shouquan Cheng; Monica Campbell; Qian Li; Guilong Li; Heather Auld; Nancy Day; David Pengelly; Sarah Gingrich; Joan Klaassen; Don MacIver; Neil Comer; Yang Mao; et al. (Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health, 2008)

Prioritizing Conservation Effort through the Use of Biological Soil Crusts as Ecosystem Function Indicators in an Arid Region - MATTHEW A. BOWKER; MARK E. MILLER; JAYNE BELNAP; THOMAS D. SISK; NANCY C. JOHNSON (Conservation Biology, 2008)
Conservation prioritization usually focuses on conservation of rare species or biodiversity, rather than ecological processes. This is partially due to a lack of informative indicators of ecosystem function. Biological soil crusts (BSCs) trap and retain soil and water resources in arid ecosystems and function as major carbon and nitrogen fixers; thus, they may be informative indicators of ecosystem function. We created spatial models of multiple indicators of the diversity and function of BSCs (species richness, evenness, functional diversity, functional redundancy, number of rare species, number of habitat specialists, nitrogen and carbon fixation indices, soil stabilization, and surface roughening) for the 800,000‐ha Grand Staircase‐Escalante National Monument (Utah, U.S.A.). We then combined the indicators into a single BSC function map and a single BSC biodiversity map (2 alternative types of conservation value) with an unweighted averaging procedure and a weighted procedure derived from validations performance. We also modeled potential degradation with data from a rangeland assessment survey. To determine which areas on the landscape were the highest conservation priorities, we overlaid the function‐ and diversity‐based conservation‐value layers on the potential degradation layer. Different methods for ascribing conservation‐value and conservation‐priority layers all yielded strikingly similar results (r= 0.89–0.99), which suggests that in this case biodiversity and function can be conserved simultaneously. We believe BSCs can be used as indicators of ecosystem function in concert with other indicators (such as plant‐community properties) and that such information can be used to prioritize conservation effort in drylands.

Effect of Rhizobium–Azospirillum coinoculation on nitrogen fixation and yield of two contrasting Phaseolus vulgaris L. genotypes cultivated across different environments in Cuba - Roseline Remans; Lara Ramaekers; Sarah Schelkens; German Hernandez; Aurelio Garcia; Jorge Luis Reyes; Nancy Mendez; Vidalina Toscano; Miguel Mulling; Lazaro Galvez; Jos Vanderleyden (Plant and Soil, 2008)

Petrogenesis of the Swartruggens and Star Group II kimberlite dyke swarms, South Africa: constraints from whole rock geochemistry - Nancy Coe; Anton le Roex; John Gurney; D. Graham Pearson; Geoff Nowell (Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 2008)

Occupational stress and depression in Korean employees - Jung Jin Cho; Ji Yong Kim; Sei Jin Chang; Nancy Fiedler; Sang Baek Koh; Benjamin F. Crabtree; Dong Mug Kang; Yong Kyu Kim; Young Ho Choi (International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 2008)

The effect of oxygen vacancies and aluminium substitution on the high-pressure properties of brownmillerite-structured Ca2Fe2−x Al x O5 - Carine B. Vanpeteghem; Ross J. Angel; Jing Zhao; Nancy L. Ross; Günther J. Redhammer; Friedrich Seifert (Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 2008)

Revealing the uncultivated majority: combining DNA stable‐isotope probing, multiple displacement amplification and metagenomic analyses of uncultivated Methylocystis in acidic peatlands - Yin Chen; Marc G. Dumont; Josh D. Neufeld; Levente Bodrossy; Nancy Stralis‐Pavese; Niall P. McNamara; Nick Ostle; Maria J. I. Briones; J. Colin Murrell (Environmental Microbiology, 2008)
Summary Peatlands represent an enormous carbon reservoir and have a potential impact on the global climate because of the active methanogenesis and methanotrophy in these soils. Uncultivated methanotrophs from seven European peatlands were studied using a combination of molecular methods. Screening for methanotroph diversity using a particulate methane monooxygenase‐based diagnostic gene array revealed that Methylocystis ‐related species were dominant in six of the seven peatlands studied. The abundance and methane oxidation activity of Methylocystis spp. were further confirmed by DNA stable‐isotope probing analysis of a sample taken from the Moor House peatland (England). After ultracentrifugation, 13 C‐labelled DNA, containing genomic DNA of these Methylocystis spp., was separated from 12 C DNA and subjected to multiple displacement amplification (MDA) to generate sufficient DNA for the preparation of a fosmid metagenomic library. Potential bias of MDA was detected by fingerprint analysis of 16S rRNA using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis for low‐template amplification (0.01 ng template). Sufficient template (1–5 ng) was used in MDA to circumvent this bias and chimeric artefacts were minimized by using an enzymatic treatment of MDA‐generated DNA with S1 nuclease and DNA polymerase I. Screening of the metagenomic library revealed one fosmid containing methanol dehydrogenase and two fosmids containing 16S rRNA genes from these Methylocystis ‐related species as well as one fosmid containing a 16S rRNA gene related to that of Methylocella / Methylocapsa . Sequencing of the 14 kb methanol dehydrogenase‐containing fosmid allowed the assembly of a gene cluster encoding polypeptides involved in bacterial methanol utilization ( mxaFJGIRSAC ). This combination of DNA stable‐isotope probing, MDA and metagenomics provided access to genomic information of a relatively large DNA fragment of these thus far uncultivated, predominant and active methanotrophs in peatland soil.

Freezing tolerance of selected perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) accessions and its association with field winterhardiness and turf traits - Brent S. Hulke; Eric Watkins; Donald L. Wyse; Nancy J. Ehlke (Euphytica, 2008)

A Review of Challenges in the Use of fMRI for Disease Classification / Characterization and A Projection Pursuit Application from A Multi-site fMRI Schizophrenia Study - Oguz Demirci; Vincent P. Clark; Vincent A. Magnotta; Nancy C. Andreasen; John Lauriello; Kent A. Kiehl; Godfrey D. Pearlson; Vince D. Calhoun (Brain Imaging and Behavior, 2008)

US Forest Service Bark Beetle Research in the Western United States: Looking Toward the Future - José F. Negròn; Barbara J. Bentz; Christopher J. Fettig; Nancy Gillette; E. Matthew Hansen; Jane L. Hayes; Rick G. Kelsey; John E. Lundquist; Ann M. Lynch; Robert A. Progar; Steven J. Seybold (Journal of Forestry, 2008)
Bark beetles cause extensive tree mortality in coniferous forests of western North America and play an important role in the disturbance ecology of these ecosystems. Recently, elevated populations of bark beetles have been observed in all conifer forest types across the western United States. This has heightened public awareness of the issue and triggered legislation for increased funding for state and federal agencies to address issues associated with bark beetle outbreaks. Recently, US Forest Service, Research and Development entomologists from the western research stations met with US Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection entomologists, our primary stakeholder, to identify bark beetle research priorities. These include vegetation management; ecological, economic, and social consequences of outbreaks; fire and bark beetle interactions; effects of climate change on bark beetle populations; and chemical ecology.

Temporal dynamics within a contemporary latitudinal diversity gradient - Jonathan A. D. Fisher; Kenneth T. Frank; Brian Petrie; William C. Leggett; Nancy L. Shackell (Ecology Letters, 2008)
Poleward declines in species diversity [latitudinal diversity gradients (LDG)] remain among the oldest and most widespread of macroecological patterns. However, their contemporary dynamics remain largely unexplored even though changing ecological conditions, including global change, may modify LDG and their respective ecosystems. Here, we examine temporal variation within a temperate Northwest Atlantic LDG using 31 years of annual fisheries‐independent surveys and explore its dynamics in relation to a dominant climate signal [the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)] that varies interannually and alters the latitudinal gradient of Northwest Atlantic continental shelf bottom water temperatures. We found that the slopes of the annual LDG vary dramatically due to changes in geographic distributions of 100+ species, variations that are concealed within the cumulative, static LDG. These changes are strongly associated with changes in NAO sign and strength. This is the first illustration of temporal dynamics in a contemporary LDG and the first demonstration of the speed at which local environmental variations can alter an LDG. Our findings underscore the need to investigate factors that modify LDG separately from those that contribute to their origins.

Phylogenetic group distribution among Escherichia coli isolated from rivers in São Paulo State, Brazil - Renato H. Orsi; Nancy C. Stoppe; Maria Inês Z. Sato; Paulo Inácio Prado; Laura M. M. Ottoboni (World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2008)

Targeting endocannabinoid degradation protects against experimental colitis in mice: involvement of CB1 and CB2 receptors - Martin A. Storr; Catherine M. Keenan; Dominik Emmerdinger; Hong Zhang; Birol Yüce; Andrei Sibaev; Federico Massa; Nancy E. Buckley; Beat Lutz; Burkhard Göke; Stephan Brand; Kamala D. Patel; et al. (Journal of Molecular Medicine, 2008)

Element Patterns in Feathers of Nestling Black-Crowned Night-Herons, Nycticorax nycticorax L., from Four Colonies in Delaware, Maryland, and Minnesota - Thomas W. Custer; Nancy H. Golden; Barnett A. Rattner (Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2008)

Acanthuroid relationships revisited: a new nuclear gene-based analysis that incorporates tetraodontiform representatives - Nancy I. Holcroft; E. O. Wiley (Ichthyological Research, 2008)

Viability of meta-populations of wetland birds in a fragmented landscape: testing the key-patch approach - Jan E. Vermaat; Nathalie Vigneau; Nancy Omtzigt (Biodiversity and Conservation, 2008)

Hatchery broodstock conditioning of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis (Linnaeus 1758). Part I. Impact of different micro-algae mixtures on broodstock performance - Anna Elisabeth Pronker; Nancy Marie Nevejan; Frank Peene; Pieter Geijsen; Patrick Sorgeloos (Aquaculture International, 2008)

Eastern temperate North Pacific offshore killer whales ( Orcinus orca ): Occurrence, movements, and insights into feeding ecology - Marilyn E. Dahlheim; Alisa Schulman‐Janiger; Nancy Black; Richard Ternullo; Dave Ellifrit; Kenneth C. Balcomb III (Marine Mammal Science, 2008)

A member of the maize isopentenyl transferase gene family, Zea mays isopentenyl transferase 2 (ZmIPT2), encodes a cytokinin biosynthetic enzyme expressed during kernel development - Norbert Brugière; Sabrina Humbert; Nancy Rizzo; Jennifer Bohn; Jeffrey E. Habben (Plant Molecular Biology, 2008)

Generation and characterization of recombinant feline β-galactosidase for preclinical enzyme replacement therapy studies in GM1 gangliosidosis - Tatiana I. Samoylova; Douglas R. Martin; Nancy E. Morrison; Misako Hwang; Anna M. Cochran; Alexandre M. Samoylov; Henry J. Baker; Nancy R. Cox (Metabolic Brain Disease, 2008)

The Cannabinoid Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol Mediates Inhibition of Macrophage Chemotaxis to RANTES/CCL5: Linkage to the CB2 Receptor - Erinn S. Raborn; Francine Marciano-Cabral; Nancy E. Buckley; Billy R. Martin; Guy A. Cabral (Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, 2008)

Staging mammography nonadherent women: A qualitative study - Nancy LaPelle; Mary E. Costanza; Roger Luckmann; Milagros C. Rosal; Mary Jo White; Jennifer Rider Stark (Journal of Cancer Education, 2008)

Differential gene expression analysis of tubule forming and non-tubule forming endothelial cells: CDC42GAP as a counter-regulator in tubule formation - Marten A. Engelse; Nancy Laurens; Robert E. Verloop; Pieter Koolwijk; Victor W. M. van Hinsbergh (Angiogenesis, 2008)

The use of comparative genome analysis and syntenic relationships allows extrapolating the position of Zn tolerance QTL regions from Arabidopsis halleri into Arabidopsis thaliana - Nancy H. C. J. Roosens; Glenda Willems; Cécile Godé; Adeline Courseaux; Pierre Saumitou-Laprade (Plant and Soil, 2008)

Neurotoxic lesions of the medial prefrontal cortex or medial striatum impair multiple-location place learning in the water task: evidence for neural structures with complementary roles in behavioural flexibility - Robert J. McDonald; Amy L. King; Natalie Foong; Zoe Rizos; Nancy S. Hong (Experimental Brain Research, 2008)

Analysis of methanotrophic communities in landfill biofilters using diagnostic microarray - Julia Gebert; Nancy Stralis‐Pavese; Mashal Alawi; Levente Bodrossy (Environmental Microbiology, 2008)
Summary Biofilters operated for the microbial oxidation of landfill methane at two sites in Northern Germany were analysed for the composition of their methanotrophic community by means of diagnostic microarray targeting the pmo A gene of methanotrophs. The gas emitted from site Francop (FR) contained the typical principal components (CH 4 , CO 2 , N 2 ) only, while the gas at the second site Müggenburger Straße (MÜ) was additionally charged with non‐methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs). Methane oxidation activity measured at 22°C varied between 7 and 103 μg CH 4 (g dw) −1 h −1 at site FR and between 0.9 and 21 μg CH 4 (g dw) −1 h −1 at site MÜ, depending on the depth considered. The calculated size of the active methanotrophic population varied between 3 × 10 9 and 5 × 10 11 cells (g dw) −1 for biofilter FR and 4 × 10 8 to 1 × 10 10 cells (g dw) −1 for biofilter MÜ. The methanotrophic community in both biofilters as well as the methanotrophs present in the landfill gas at site FR was strongly dominated by type II organisms, presumably as a result of high methane loads, low copper concentration and low nitrogen availability. Within each biofilter, community composition differed markedly with depth, reflecting either the different conditions of diffusive oxygen supply or the properties of the two layers of materials used in the filters or both. The two biofilter communities differed significantly. Type I methanotrophs were detected in biofilter FR but not in biofilter MÜ. The type II community in biofilter FR was dominated by Methylocystis species, whereas the biofilter at site MÜ hosted a high abundance of Methylosinus species while showing less overall methanotroph diversity. It is speculated that the differing composition of the type II population at site MÜ is driven by the presence of NMVOCs in the landfill gas fed to the biofilter, selecting for organisms capable of co‐oxidative degradation of these compounds.

Modeling of Corticosteroid Effects on Hepatic Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptors and Plasma Lipid Dynamics in Rats - Anasuya Hazra; Nancy A. Pyszczynski; Debra C. DuBois; Richard R. Almon; William J. Jusko (Pharmaceutical Research, 2008)

Dietary phytoestrogen intake—lignans and isoflavones—and breast cancer risk (Canada) - Michelle Cotterchio; Beatrice A. Boucher; Nancy Kreiger; Catherine A. Mills; Lilian U. Thompson (Cancer Causes & Control, 2008)

Balancing bias and precision in capture‐recapture estimates of abundance - Nancy A. Friday; Tim D. Smith; Peter T. Stevick; Judy Allen; Tom Fernald (Marine Mammal Science, 2008)
Capture‐recapture estimates of abundance using photographic identification data are sensitive to the quality of photographs used and distinctiveness of individuals in the population. Here analyses are presented for examining the effects of photographic quality and individual animal distinctiveness scores and for objectively selecting a subset of data to use for capture‐recapture analyses using humpback whale ( Megaptera novaeangliae ) data from a 2‐year study in the North Atlantic. Photographs were evaluated for their level of quality and whales for their level of individual distinctiveness. Photographic quality scores had a 0.21 probability of changing by a single‐quality level, and there were no changes by two or more levels. Individual distinctiveness scores were not independent of photographic quality scores. Estimates of abundance decreased as poor‐quality photographs were removed. An appropriate balance between precision and bias in abundance estimates was achieved by removing the lowest‐quality photographs and those of incompletely photographed flukes given our assumptions about the true population abundance. A simulation of the selection process implied that, if the estimates are negatively biased by heterogeneity, the increase in bias produced by decreasing the sample size is not more than 2%. Capture frequencies were independent of individual distinctiveness scores.

NHE1, NHE2, and NHE4 contribute to regulation of cell pH in T84 colon cancer cells - Ana Rosa Beltrán; Marco Antonio Ramírez; Luciene R. Carraro-Lacroix; Yumi Hiraki; Nancy Amaral Rebouças; Gerhard Malnic (Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 2008)

The potential induced in anisotropic tissue by the ultrasonically-induced Lorentz force - Nancy Tseng; Bradley J. Roth (Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 2008)

Forestry Best Management Practices: Evaluation of Alternate Streamside Management Zones on Stream Water Quality in Pockwock Lake and Five Mile Lake Watersheds in Central Nova Scotia, Canada - O. C. Vaidya; T. P. Smith; H. Fernand; Nancy R. McInnis Leek (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2008)

Effects of Urbanization-Induced Environmental Changes on Ecosystem Functioning in the Phoenix Metropolitan Region, USA - Weijun Shen; Jianguo Wu; Nancy B. Grimm; Diane Hope (Ecosystems, 2008)

Baseline Concentrations of Trace Metals in Macroalgae from the Strait of Magellan, Chile - Mª. Soledad Astorga-España; Nancy Cristina Calisto-Ulloa; Sandra Guerrero (Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2008)

Evolutionary genetics of a defensive facultative symbiont of insects: exchange of toxin‐encoding bacteriophage - PATRICK H. DEGNAN; NANCY A. MORAN (Molecular Ecology, 2008)
The facultative endosymbiont of aphids, Hamiltonella defensa , kills parasitoid wasp larvae, allowing aphid hosts to survive and reproduce. This protection may depend on toxins that are encoded by the genomes of H. defensa and of its bacteriophage (APSE). Strains of H. defensa vary in degree of protection conferred upon Acyrthosiphon pisum (pea aphid). Although H. defensa is known to undergo some horizontal transmission among aphid maternal lineages, divergence, recombination, and population structure in H. defensa and APSE have not been characterized. We performed a multilocus sequence analysis of 10 bacterial and five phage loci for strains isolated from A. pisum and other aphid species. The H. defensa chromosome was found to be largely clonal, allowing us to generate a well‐resolved H. defensa strain phylogeny. In contrast, APSE chromosomes undergo recombination and numerous H. defensa strains have probably lost the phage. Within a set of H. defensa strains that are indistinguishable on the basis of chromosomal genes or restriction digests of chromosomal fragments, loss of APSE is associated with decreased protection, strongly suggesting that APSE‐encoded genes contribute to the defensive phenotype. Thus, homologous recombination of APSE genes and sexual transmission of symbionts and phage are likely factors influencing the exchange of ecologically important genes among symbionts. Although H. defensa has been lost, transferred and gained within A. pisum , one subclade of H. defensa appears to be universal within a subclade of the aphid genus Uroleucon , suggesting a transition from facultative, horizontal transmission to strictly vertical inheritance.

Diversity of the active methanotrophic community in acidic peatlands as assessed by mRNA and SIP‐PLFA analyses - Yin Chen; Marc G. Dumont; Niall P. McNamara; Paul M. Chamberlain; Levente Bodrossy; Nancy Stralis‐Pavese; J. Colin Murrell (Environmental Microbiology, 2008)
Summary The active methanotroph community was investigated for the first time in heather ( Calluna )‐covered moorlands and Sphagnum / Eriophorum ‐covered UK peatlands. Direct extraction of mRNA from these soils facilitated detection of expression of methane monooxygenase genes, which revealed that particulate methane monooxygenase and not soluble methane monooxygenase was probably responsible for CH 4 oxidation in situ , because only pmoA transcripts (encoding a subunit of particulate methane monooxygenase) were readily detectable. Differences in methanotroph community structures were observed between the Calluna ‐covered moorland and Sphagnum / Eriophorum ‐covered gully habitats. As with many other Sphagnum ‐covered peatlands, the Sphagnum / Eriophorum ‐covered gullies were dominated by Methylocystis . Methylocella and Methylocapsa ‐related species were also present. Methylobacter ‐related species were found as demonstrated by the use of a pmoA ‐based diagnostic microarray. In Calluna ‐covered moorlands, in addition to Methylocella and Methylocystis , a unique group of peat‐associated type I methanotrophs ( Gammaproteobacteria ) and a group of uncultivated type II methanotrophs ( Alphaproteobacteria ) were also found. The pmoA sequences of the latter were only distantly related to Methylocapsa and also to the RA‐14 group of methanotrophs, which are believed to be involved in oxidation of atmospheric concentrations of CH 4 . Soil samples were also labelled with 13 CH 4 , and subsequent analysis of the 13 C‐labelled phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) showed that 16:1ω7, 18:1ω7 and 18:1ω9 were the major labelled PLFAs. The presence of 13 C‐labelled 18:1ω9, which was not a major PLFA of any extant methanotrophs, indicated the presence of novel methanotrophs in this peatland.

The cost‐effectiveness of biodiversity surveys in tropical forests - Toby A. Gardner; Jos Barlow; Ivanei S. Araujo; Teresa Cristina Ávila‐Pires; Alexandre B. Bonaldo; Joana E. Costa; Maria Cristina Esposito; Leandro V. Ferreira; Joseph Hawes; Malva I. M. Hernandez; Marinus S. Hoogmoed; Rafael N. Leite; et al. (Ecology Letters, 2008)
The identification of high‐performance indicator taxa that combine practical feasibility and ecological value requires an understanding of the costs and benefits of surveying different taxa. We present a generic and novel framework for identifying such taxa, and illustrate our approach using a large‐scale assessment of 14 different higher taxa across three forest types in the Brazilian Amazon, estimating both the standardized survey cost and the ecological and biodiversity indicator value for each taxon. Survey costs varied by three orders of magnitude, and dung beetles and birds were identified as especially suitable for evaluating and monitoring the ecological consequences of habitat change in our study region. However, an exclusive focus on such taxa occurs at the expense of understanding patterns of diversity in other groups. To improve the cost‐effectiveness of biodiversity research we encourage a combination of clearer research goals and the use of an objective evidence‐based approach to selecting study taxa.

Influence of Plasma Cholesterol and Triglyceride Concentrations and Eritoran (E5564) Micelle Size on its Plasma Pharmacokinetics and Ex Vivo Activity Following Single Intravenous Bolus Dose Into Healthy Female Rabbits - Kishor M. Wasan; Verica Risovic; Olena Sivak; Stephen D. Lee; Douglas X. Mason; Gregory R. Chiklis; Jim McShane; Melvyn Lynn; Nancy Wong; Daniel P. Rossignol (Pharmaceutical Research, 2008)

Detecting small environmental differences: risk-response curves for predator-induced behavior and morphology - Nancy M. Schoeppner; Rick A. Relyea (Oecologia, 2008)

Merging methods in molecular and ecological genetics to study the adaptation of plants to anthropogenic metal‐polluted sites: implications for phytoremediation - MAXIME PAUWELS; GLENDA WILLEMS; NANCY ROOSENS; HÉLÈNE FRÉROT; PIERRE SAUMITOU‐LAPRADE (Molecular Ecology, 2008)
Metallophyte species that occur naturally on metal‐enriched soils represent major biological resources for the improvement of phytoremediation, a benign and cost‐effective technology that uses plants to clean up anthropogenic metal‐polluted soils. Within the last decade, molecular genetic studies carried out on several model organisms (including Arabidopsis halleri ) have considerably enhanced our understanding of metal tolerance and hyperaccumulation in plants, but the identification of the genes of interest for phytoremediation purposes remains a challenge. To meet this challenge, we propose to combine ‘‐omics’ with molecular ecology methods. Using A. halleri , we confronted molecular genetic results with: (i) within‐species polymorphism and large‐scale population differentiation for zinc tolerance; (ii) the demographical context (e.g. migration pattern) of the species for zinc tolerance evolution; (iii) the Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) analysis of the genetic architecture for zinc tolerance; and (iv) the fine‐scale dissection of identified QTL regions, to discuss more precisely the nature of the genes potentially involved in the adaptation to zinc‐polluted soils.

Complete nucleotide sequence of Nootka lupine vein-clearing virus - Nancy L. Robertson; Fabien Côté; Christine Paré; Éric Leblanc; Michel G. Bergeron; Denis Leclerc (Virus Genes, 2007)