Brooded coral larvae differ in their response to high temperature and elevated pCO2 depending on the day of release - Vivian R. Cumbo; Peter J. Edmunds; Christopher B. Wall; Tung-Yung Fan (Marine Biology, 2013)

TMEM43 mutations associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in non-Newfoundland populations - Berivan Baskin; Jon R. Skinner; Shubhayan Sanatani; Deborah Terespolsky; Andrew D. Krahn; Peter N. Ray; Stephen W. Scherer; Robert M. Hamilton (Human Genetics, 2013)

Ventilatory muscle strength, diaphragm thickness and pulmonary function in world-class powerlifters - Peter I. Brown; Heather K. Venables; Hymsuen Liu; Julie T. de-Witt; Michelle R. Brown; Mark A. Faghy (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2013)

Hybrid necrosis in wheat: evolutionary significance or potential barrier for gene flow? - V. K. Vikas; S. M. S. Tomar; M. Sivasamy; Jagdish Kumar; P. Jayaprakash; Arun Kumar; John Peter; R. Nisha; E. Punniakotti (Euphytica, 2013)

Low plant density enhances gene dispersal in the Amazonian understory herb Heliconia acuminata - Marina C. Côrtes; María Uriarte; Maristerra R. Lemes; Rogério Gribel; W. John Kress; Peter E. Smouse; Emilio M. Bruna (Molecular Ecology, 2013)
In theory, conservation genetics predicts that forest fragmentation will reduce gene dispersal, but in practice, genetic and ecological processes are also dependent on other population characteristics. We used Bayesian genetic analyses to characterize parentage and propagule dispersal in Heliconia acuminata L. C. Richard (Heliconiaceae), a common Amazonian understory plant that is pollinated and dispersed by birds. We studied these processes in two continuous forest sites and three 1‐ha fragments in Brazil's Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project. These sites showed variation in the density of H. acuminata . Ten microsatellite markers were used to genotype flowering adults and seedling recruits and to quantify realized pollen and seed dispersal distances, immigration of propagules from outside populations, and reproductive dominance among parents. We tested whether gene dispersal is more dependent on fragmentation or density of reproductive plants. Low plant densities were associated with elevated immigration rates and greater propagule dispersal distances. Reproductive dominance among inside‐plot parents was higher for low‐density than for high‐density populations. Elevated local flower and fruit availability is probably leading to spatially more proximal bird foraging and propagule dispersal in areas with high density of reproductive plants. Nevertheless, genetic diversity, inbreeding coefficients and fine‐scale spatial genetic structure were similar across populations, despite differences in gene dispersal. This result may indicate that the opposing processes of longer dispersal events in low‐density populations vs. higher diversity of contributing parents in high‐density populations balance the resulting genetic outcomes and prevent genetic erosion in small populations and fragments.

Time and space in biogeography: response to Parenti & Ebach (2013) - Mark de Bruyn; Björn Stelbrink; Timothy J. Page; Matthew J. Phillips; David J. Lohman; Christian Albrecht; Robert Hall; Kristina von Rintelen; Peter K.L. Ng; Hsi‐Te Shih; Gary R. Carvalho; Thomas von Rintelen (Journal of Biogeography, 2013)
A recent Guest Editorial by Parenti & Ebach (2013, Journal of Biogeography , 40, 813–820) disagrees with the methods or interpretations in two of our recent papers. In addition, the authors open a debate on biogeographical concepts, and present an alternative philosophy for biogeographical research in the context of their recently described biogeographical subregion called ‘Pandora’. We disagree with their approach and conclusions, and comment on several issues related to our differing conceptual approaches for biogeographical research; namely, our use of molecular phylogenetic analyses, including time estimates; and Parenti & Ebach's reliance on taxon/general area cladograms. Finally, we re‐examine their ‘tests’ supporting the existence of ‘Pandora’.

The involvement of gibberellin signalling in the effect of soil resistance to root penetration on leaf elongation and tiller number in wheat - Mauricio A. Coelho Filho; Ellen H. Colebrook; David P. A. Lloyd; Colin P. Webster; Sacha J. Mooney; Andrew L. Phillips; Peter Hedden; William R. Whalley (Plant and Soil, 2013)

Temporal, spatial, and body size effects on growth rates of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) in the Northwest Atlantic - Karen A. Bjorndal; Barbara A. Schroeder; Allen M. Foley; Blair E. Witherington; Michael Bresette; David Clark; Richard M. Herren; Michael D. Arendt; Jeffrey R. Schmid; Anne B. Meylan; Peter A. Meylan; Jane A. Provancha; et al. (Marine Biology, 2013)

Monitoring effects of remediation on natural sediment recovery in Sydney Harbour, Nova Scotia - Tony R. Walker; Devin MacAskill; Theresa Rushton; Andrew Thalheimer; Peter Weaver (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2013)

Role of one-carbon metabolizing pathway genes and gene–nutrient interaction in the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Qian Li; Qing Lan; Yawei Zhang; Bryan A. Bassig; Theodore R. Holford; Brian Leaderer; Peter Boyle; Yong Zhu; Qin Qin; Stephen Chanock; Nathaniel Rothman; Tongzhang Zheng (Cancer Causes & Control, 2013)

A practical guide to avoid giving up on giving-up densities - Miguel A. Bedoya-Perez; Alexandra J. R. Carthey; Valentina S. A. Mella; Clare McArthur; Peter B. Banks (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2013)

Nyamiviridae: Proposal for a new family in the order Mononegavirales - Jens H. Kuhn; Sadia Bekal; Yíngyún Caì; Anna N. Clawson; Leslie L. Domier; Marieke Herrel; Peter B. Jahrling; Hideki Kondo; Kris N. Lambert; Kathie A. Mihindukulasuriya; Norbert Nowotny; Sheli R. Radoshitzky; et al. (Archives of Virology, 2013)

Marine dispersal and barriers drive Atlantic seahorse diversification - J. T. Boehm; Lucy Woodall; Peter R. Teske; Sara A. Lourie; Carole Baldwin; John Waldman; Mike Hickerson (Journal of Biogeography, 2013)
Aim To investigate how marine barriers shaped the demographic history of Atlantic seahorses (Syngnathidae: Hippocampus ). Location Atlantic Ocean. Methods Range‐wide sampling ( n = 390) at mitochondrial and up to five nuclear DNA loci was carried out across the Hippocampus erectus species complex ( H. erectus from the Caribbean/North America, H. patagonicus from South America and H. hippocampus from Europe and West Africa). Multi‐species coalescent and approximate Bayesian computation ( ABC ) frameworks were used to estimate support of competing biogeographical hypotheses and demographic parameters, including lineage divergence times, effective population sizes and magnitudes of population size change. Results We identified four distinct lineages within the H. erectus complex. A posterior probability of 0.626 and corresponding Bayes factors ranging from 3.68 to 11.38 gave moderate to strong support for a basal divergence between South American populations of H. patagonicus and Caribbean/North American populations of H. erectus coincident with the inter‐regional freshwater outflow of the Amazon River Barrier ( ARB ). Estimates of historical effective population sizes and divergence times indicate that European and West African populations of H. hippocampus expanded after colonization from a more demographically stable Caribbean/North American H. erectus . Main conclusions Our findings of trans‐Atlantic colonization followed by isolation across a deep oceanic divide, and isolation across a freshwater barrier, may demonstrate a contrast in marine divide permeability for this group of rafters. Demographic inference supports the establishment of an ancestral population of the H. erectus complex in the Americas, followed by the ARB splitting it into Caribbean/North and South American lineages at a time of increased sedimentation and outflow. Our estimates suggest that following this split, colonization occurred across the Atlantic via the Gulf Stream currents with subsequent trans‐Atlantic isolation. These results illustrate that rafting can be a means of range expansion over large distances, but may be insufficient for sustaining genetic connectivity across major barriers, thereby resulting in lineage divergence.

Trait‐based tests of coexistence mechanisms - Peter B. Adler; Alex Fajardo; Andrew R. Kleinhesselink; Nathan J. B. Kraft (Ecology Letters, 2013)
Recent functional trait studies have shown that trait differences may favour certain species (environmental filtering) while simultaneously preventing competitive exclusion (niche partitioning). However, phenomenological trait‐dispersion analyses do not identify the mechanisms that generate niche partitioning, preventing trait‐based prediction of future changes in biodiversity. We argue that such predictions require linking functional traits with recognised coexistence mechanisms involving spatial or temporal environmental heterogeneity, resource partitioning and natural enemies. We first demonstrate the limitations of phenomenological approaches using simulations, and then (1) propose trait‐based tests of coexistence, (2) generate hypotheses about which plant functional traits are likely to interact with particular mechanisms and (3) review the literature for evidence for these hypotheses. Theory and data suggest that all four classes of coexistence mechanisms could act on functional trait variation, but some mechanisms will be stronger and more widespread than others. The highest priority for future research is studies of interactions between environmental heterogeneity and trait variation that measure environmental variables at within‐community scales and quantify species' responses to the environment in the absence of competition. Evidence that similar trait‐based coexistence mechanisms operate in many ecosystems would simplify biodiversity forecasting and represent a rare victory for generality over contingency in community ecology.

Variant Ataxia Telangiectasia: Clinical and Molecular Findings and Evaluation of Radiosensitive Phenotypes in a Patient and Relatives - Kathleen Claes; Julie Depuydt; A. Malcolm R. Taylor; James I. Last; Annelot Baert; Peter Schietecatte; Veerle Vandersickel; Bruce Poppe; Kim De Leeneer; Marc D’Hooghe; Anne Vral (NeuroMolecular Medicine, 2013)

Termites, Large Herbivores, and Herbaceous Plant Dominance Structure Small Mammal Communities in Savannahs - Paul Okullo; Peter M. K. Greve; Stein R. Moe (Ecosystems, 2013)

Neuronal fiber bundle lengths in healthy adult carriers of the ApoE4 allele: A quantitative tractography DTI study - Lauren E. Salminen; Peter R. Schofield; Elizabeth M. Lane; Jodi M. Heaps; Kerrie D. Pierce; Ryan Cabeen; David H. Laidlaw; Erbil Akbudak; Thomas E. Conturo; Stephen Correia; Robert H. Paul (Brain Imaging and Behavior, 2013)

Polymorphisms and tissue expression of the feline leukocyte antigen class I loci FLAI-E, FLAI-H, and FLAI-K - Jennifer C. Holmes; Savannah G. Holmer; Peter Ross; Adam S. Buntzman; Jeffrey A. Frelinger; Paul R. Hess (Immunogenetics, 2013)

Biomass Production and Composition of Perennial Grasses Grown for Bioenergy in a Subtropical Climate Across Florida, USA - Jeffrey R. Fedenko; John E. Erickson; Kenneth R. Woodard; Lynn E. Sollenberger; Joao M. B. Vendramini; Robert. A. Gilbert; Zane R. Helsel; Gary F. Peter (BioEnergy Research, 2013)

Do indoor plants contribute to the aeromycota in city buildings? - Fraser R. Torpy; Peter J. Irga; Jason Brennan; Margaret D. Burchett (Aerobiologia, 2013)

Freeze-Dried Targeted Mannosylated Selenium-Loaded Nanoliposomes: Development and Evaluation - Susanne R. Youngren; Rohit Mulik; Byoung Jun; Peter R. Hoffmann; Kenneth R. Morris; Mahavir B. Chougule (AAPS PharmSciTech, 2013)

Dynamics of groundwater‐derived nitrate and nitrous oxide in a tidal estuary from radon mass balance modeling - Wei Wen Wong; Michael R. Grace; Ian Cartwright; M. Bayani Cardenas; Peter B. Zamora; Perran L. M. Cook (Limnology and Oceanography, 2013)
We monitored submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) into the Werribee Estuary, Australia, using both chemical and physical methods. SGD occurred at hotspots where 222 Rn persisted through a 12 month survey period. A significant correlation between 222 Rn and ( r 2 = 0.8, p 222 Rn and N 2 O ( r 2 = 0.6, p 222 Rn hotspot, and much higher and N 2 O concentrations in groundwater relative to surface water suggest that elevated and N 2 O concentrations in the estuary were derived from SGD. Two sampling campaigns over 24 h revealed that variations of 222 Rn,, and N 2 O were controlled by tide‐induced hydraulic‐head gradient fluctuations and, possibly to a much lesser extent, by tidal pumping and density‐driven convection. A two‐box 222 Rn mass‐balance model was used to calculate the rate of SGD into two different layers across the pycnocline of the estuary. A higher total groundwater discharge rate of 0.12 ± 0.09 m d −1 was observed in the surface layer during ebb tide compared with 0.10 ± 0.08 m d −1 during flood tide. Fluxes of groundwater‐derived and N 2 O were higher than the riverine flux at baseflow by more than 30 fold and 20 fold, respectively. SGD derived fluxes exceeded the mean annual riverine and TN fluxes by a factor of ∼ 5 and ∼ 3 respectively. SGD‐derived N 2 O fluxes were 170 µmol m −2 d −1 , which are among the highest N 2 O fluxes observed in estuaries.

Microbes, macrofauna, and methane: A novel seep community fueled by aerobic methanotrophy - Andrew R. Thurber; Lisa A. Levin; Ashley A. Rowden; Stefan Sommer; Peter Linke; Kerstin Kröger (Limnology and Oceanography, 2013)
During the discovery and description of seven New Zealand methane seep sites, an infaunal assemblage dominated by ampharetid polychaetes was found in association with high seabed methane emission. This ampharetid‐bed assemblage had a mean density of 57,000 ± 7800 macrofaunal individuals m −2 and a maximum wet biomass of 274 g m −2 , both being among the greatest recorded from deep‐sea methane seeps. We investigated these questions: Does the species assemblage present within these ampharetid beds form a distinct seep community on the New Zealand margin? and What type of chemoautotrophic microbes fuel this heterotrophic community? Unlike the other macro‐infaunal assemblages, the ampharetid‐bed assemblage composition was homogeneous, independent of location. Based on a mixing model of species‐specific mass and isotopic composition, combined with published respiration measurements, we estimated that this community consumes 29–90 mmol C m −2 d −1 of methane‐fueled biomass; this is > 290 times the carbon fixed by anaerobic methane oxidizers in these ampharetid beds. A fatty acid biomarker approach supported the finding that this community, unlike those previously known, consumes primarily aerobic methanotrophic bacteria. Due to the novel microbial fueling and high methane flux rates, New Zealand's ampharetid beds provide a model system to study the influence of metazoan grazing on microbially mediated biogeochemical cycles, including those that involve greenhouse gas emissions.

The Reciprocal Cerebellar Circuitry in Human Hereditary Ataxia - Arnulf H. Koeppen; R. Liane Ramirez; Sarah T. Bjork; Peter Bauer; Paul J. Feustel (The Cerebellum, 2013)

Change in Nox4 expression is accompanied by changes in myogenic marker expression in differentiating C2C12 myoblasts - S. Acharya; A. M. Peters; A. S. Norton; G. K. Murdoch; R. A. Hill (Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 2013)

Assessment of drought over the past two millennia using near-shore sediment cores from a Canadian boreal lake - Heather A. Haig; Melanie V. Kingsbury; Kathleen R. Laird; Peter R. Leavitt; Robyn Laing; Brian F. Cumming (Journal of Paleolimnology, 2013)

Mortality and female fecundity in an expanding black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis minor) population - Peter R Law; Brad Fike; Peter C. Lent (European Journal of Wildlife Research, 2013)

Plant functional types and traits as biodiversity indicators for tropical forests: two biogeographically separated case studies including birds, mammals and termites - Andrew N. Gillison; David E. Bignell; Kenneth R. W. Brewer; Erick C. M. Fernandes; David T. Jones; Douglas Sheil; Peter H. May; Allan D. Watt; Reginaldo Constantino; Eduardo G. Couto; Kurniatun Hairiah; Paul Jepson; et al. (Biodiversity and Conservation, 2013)

Prostaglandin F2α facilitates female mating behavior based on male performance - Michael R. Kidd; Peter D. Dijkstra; Callison Alcott; Dagan Lavee; Jacqualine Ma; Lauren A. O’Connell; Hans A. Hofmann (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2013)

Genome sequence of a chimpanzee herpesvirus and its relation to other primate alphaherpesviruses - Alberto Severini; Shaun D. Tyler; Geoffrey A. Peters; Darla Black; R. Eberle (Archives of Virology, 2013)

Recent advances in 2D and 3D in vitro systems using primary hepatocytes, alternative hepatocyte sources and non-parenchymal liver cells and their use in investigating mechanisms of hepatotoxicity, cell signaling and ADME - Patricio Godoy; Nicola J. Hewitt; Ute Albrecht; Melvin E. Andersen; Nariman Ansari; Sudin Bhattacharya; Johannes Georg Bode; Jennifer Bolleyn; Christoph Borner; Jan Böttger; Albert Braeuning; Robert A. Budinsky; et al. (Archives of Toxicology, 2013)

Interannual variability of net ecosystem productivity in forests is explained by carbon flux phenology in autumn - Chaoyang Wu; Jing M. Chen; T. Andrew Black; David T. Price; Werner A. Kurz; Ankur R. Desai; Alemu Gonsamo; Rachhpal S. Jassal; Christopher M. Gough; Gil Bohrer; Danilo Dragoni; Mathias Herbst; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2013)
Aim To investigate the importance of autumn phenology in controlling interannual variability of forest net ecosystem productivity ( NEP ) and to derive new phenological metrics to explain the interannual variability of NEP . Location N orth A merica and E urope. Method Flux data from nine deciduous broadleaf forests ( DBF ) and 13 evergreen needleleaf forests ( ENF ) across N orth A merica and E urope (212 site‐years) were used to explore the relationships between the yearly anomalies of annual NEP and several carbon flux based phenological indicators, including the onset/end of the growing season, onset/end of the carbon uptake period, the spring lag (time interval between the onset of growing season and carbon uptake period) and the autumn lag (time interval between the end of the carbon uptake period and the growing season). Meteorological variables, including global shortwave radiation, air temperature, soil temperature, soil water content and precipitation, were also used to explain the phenological variations. Results We found that interannual variability of NEP can be largely explained by autumn phenology, i.e. the autumn lag. While variation in neither annual gross primary productivity ( GPP ) nor in annual ecosystem respiration ( R e ) alone could explain this variability, the negative relationship between annual NEP and autumn lag was due to a larger R e / GPP ratio in years with a prolonged autumn lag. For DBF sites, a longer autumn lag coincided with a significant decrease in annual GPP but showed no correlation with annual R e . However, annual GPP was insensitive to a longer autumn lag in ENF sites but annual R e increased significantly. Main conclusions These results demonstrate that autumn phenology plays a more direct role than spring phenology in regulating interannual variability of annual NEP . In particular, the importance of respiration may be potentially underestimated in deriving phenological indicators.

Coastal retreat and improved water quality mitigate losses of seagrass from sea level rise - Megan I. Saunders; Javier Leon; Stuart R. Phinn; David P. Callaghan; Katherine R. O'Brien; Chris M. Roelfsema; Catherine E. Lovelock; Mitchell B. Lyons; Peter J. Mumby (Global Change Biology, 2013)
The distribution and abundance of seagrass ecosystems could change significantly over the coming century due to sea level rise ( SLR ). Coastal managers require mechanistic understanding of the processes affecting seagrass response to SLR to maximize their conservation and associated provision of ecosystem services. In Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia, vast seagrass meadows supporting populations of sea turtles and dugongs are juxtaposed with the multiple stressors associated with a large and rapidly expanding human population. Here, the interactive effects of predicted SLR , changes in water clarity, and land use on future distributions of seagrass in Moreton Bay were quantified. A habitat distribution model of present day seagrass in relation to benthic irradiance and wave height was developed which correctly classified habitats in 83% of cases. Spatial predictions of seagrass and presence derived from the model and bathymetric data were used to initiate a SLR inundation model. Bathymetry was iteratively modified based on SLR and sedimentary accretion in seagrass to simulate potential seagrass habitat at 10 year time steps until 2100. The area of seagrass habitat was predicted to decline by 17% by 2100 under a scenario of SLR of 1.1 m. A scenario including the removal of impervious surfaces, such as roads and houses, from newly inundated regions, demonstrated that managed retreat of the shoreline could potentially reduce the overall decline in seagrass habitat to just 5%. The predicted reduction in area of seagrass habitat could be offset by an improvement in water clarity of 30%. Greater improvements in water clarity would be necessary for larger magnitudes of SLR . Management to improve water quality will provide present and future benefits to seagrasses under climate change and should be a priority for managers seeking to compensate for the effects of global change on these valuable habitats.

The impact of culture medium on the development and physiology of biofilms of Pseudomonas fluorescens formed on polyurethane paint - Wendy J. Crookes-Goodson; Caitlin L. Bojanowski; Michelle L. Kay; Pamela F. Lloyd; Andrew Blankemeier; Jennifer M. Hurtubise; Kristi M. Singh; Daniel E. Barlow; Harold D. Ladouceur; D. Matt Eby; Glenn R. Johnson; Peter A. Mirau; et al. (Biofouling, 2013)

Riboflavin-Targeted Polymer Conjugates for Breast Tumor Delivery - Lisa M. Bareford; Brittany R. Avaritt; Hamidreza Ghandehari; Anjan Nan; Peter W. Swaan (Pharmaceutical Research, 2013)

Amyloid plaque pathogenesis in 5XFAD mouse spinal cord: retrograde transneuronal modulation after peripheral nerve injury - Jian-Ming Li; Zhi-Qin Xue; Si-Hao Deng; Xue-Gang Luo; Peter R. Patrylo; Gregory W. Rose; Huaibin Cai; Yan Cai; Xiao-Xin Yan (Neurotoxicity Research, 2013)

Dietary nitrate supplementation improves team sport-specific intense intermittent exercise performance - Lee J. Wylie; Magni Mohr; Peter Krustrup; Sarah R. Jackman; Georgios Ermιdis; James Kelly; Matthew I. Black; Stephen J. Bailey; Anni Vanhatalo; Andrew M. Jones (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2013)

Maximizing information from space data resources: a case for expanding integration across research disciplines - Nandu Goswami; Jerry J. Batzel; Gilles Clément; T. Peter Stein; Alan R. Hargens; M. Keith Sharp; Andrew P. Blaber; Peter G. Roma; Helmut G. Hinghofer-Szalkay (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2013)

Exposure to pesticides and the risk of childhood brain tumors - Kathryn R. Greenop; Susan Peters; Helen D. Bailey; Lin Fritschi; John Attia; Rodney J. Scott; Deborah C. Glass; Nicholas H. de Klerk; Frank Alvaro; Bruce K. Armstrong; Elizabeth Milne (Cancer Causes & Control, 2013)

The International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature (ICVCN): proposal for text changes for improved differentiation of viral taxa and viruses - Jens H. Kuhn; Sheli R. Radoshitzky; Sina Bavari; Peter B. Jahrling (Archives of Virology, 2013)

Are lizards feeling the heat? A tale of ecology and evolution under two temperatures - Shai Meiri; Aaron M. Bauer; Laurent Chirio; Guarino R. Colli; Indraneil Das; Tiffany M. Doan; Anat Feldman; Fernando‐Castro Herrera; Maria Novosolov; Panayiotis Pafilis; Daniel Pincheira‐Donoso; Gary Powney; et al. (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2013)
Aim Temperature influences most components of animal ecology and life history – but what kind of temperature? Physiologists usually examine the influence of body temperatures, while biogeographers and macroecologists tend to focus on environmental temperatures. We aim to examine the relationship between these two measures, to determine the factors that affect lizard body temperatures and to test the effect of both temperature measures on lizard life history. Location World‐wide. Methods We used a large (861 species) global dataset of lizard body temperatures, and the mean annual temperatures across their geographic ranges to examine the relationships between body and mean annual temperatures. We then examined factors influencing body temperatures, and tested for the influence of both on ecological and life‐history traits while accounting for the influence of shared ancestry. Results Body temperatures and mean annual temperatures are uncorrelated. However, accounting for activity time (nocturnal species have low body temperatures), use of space (fossorial and semi‐aquatic species are ‘colder’), insularity (mainland species are ‘hotter’) and phylogeny, the two temperatures are positively correlated. High body temperatures are only associated with larger hatchlings and increased rates of biomass production. Annual temperatures are positively correlated with clutch frequency and annual longevity, and negatively correlated with clutch size, age at first reproduction and longevity. Main conclusions Lizards with low body temperatures do not seem to have ‘slower’ life‐history attributes than species with high body temperatures. The longer seasons prevalent in warm regions, and physiological processes that operate while lizards are inactive (but warm enough), make environmental temperatures better predictors of lizard life‐history variation than body temperatures. This surprisingly greater effect of environmental temperatures on lizard life histories hints that global warming may have a profound influence on lizard ecology and evolution.

Exploring tree species colonization potentials using a spatially explicit simulation model: implications for four oaks under climate change - Anantha M. Prasad; Judith D. Gardiner; Louis R. Iverson; Stephen N Matthews; Matthew Peters (Global Change Biology, 2013)
Climate change impacts tree species differentially by exerting unique pressures and altering their suitable habitats. We previously predicted these changes in suitable habitat for current and future climates using a species habitat model ( DISTRIB ) in the eastern United States. Based on the accuracy of the model, the species assemblages should eventually reflect the new quasi‐equilibrium suitable habitats (~2100) after accounting for the lag in colonization. However, it is an open question if and when these newly suitable habitats will be colonized under current fragmented landscapes and realistic migration rates. To evaluate this, we used a spatially explicit cell‐based model ( SHIFT ) that estimates colonization potentials under current fragmented habitats and several estimates of historical migration rates at a 1 km resolution. Computation time, which was previously the biggest constraint, was overcome by a novel application of convolution and Fast Fourier Transforms. SHIFT outputs, when intersected with future suitable habitats predicted by DISTRIB , allow assessment of colonization potential under future climates. In this article, we show how our approach can be used to screen multiple tree species for their colonization potentials under climate change. In particular, we use the DISTRIB and SHIFT models in combination to assess if the future dominant forest types in the north will really be dominated by oaks, as modelled via DISTRIB . Even under optimistic scenarios, we conclude that only a small fraction of the suitable habitats of oaks predicted by DISTRIB is likely to be occupied within 100 years, and this will be concentrated in the first 10–20 km from the current boundary. We also show how DISTRIB and SHIFT can be used to evaluate the potential for assisted migration of vulnerable tree species, and discuss the dynamics of colonization at range limits.

Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models for their response to climate variability and to CO 2 trends - Shilong Piao; Stephen Sitch; Philippe Ciais; Pierre Friedlingstein; Philippe Peylin; Xuhui Wang; Anders Ahlström; Alessandro Anav; Josep G. Canadell; Nan Cong; Chris Huntingford; Martin Jung; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2013)
The purpose of this study was to evaluate 10 process‐based terrestrial biosphere models that were used for the IPCC fifth Assessment Report. The simulated gross primary productivity ( GPP ) is compared with flux‐tower‐based estimates by Jung et al . [ Journal of Geophysical Research 116 (2011) G00J07] ( JU 11). The net primary productivity ( NPP ) apparent sensitivity to climate variability and atmospheric CO 2 trends is diagnosed from each model output, using statistical functions. The temperature sensitivity is compared against ecosystem field warming experiments results. The CO 2 sensitivity of NPP is compared to the results from four Free‐Air CO 2 Enrichment ( FACE ) experiments. The simulated global net biome productivity ( NBP ) is compared with the residual land sink ( RLS ) of the global carbon budget from Friedlingstein et al . [ Nature Geoscience 3 (2010) 811] ( FR 10). We found that models produce a higher GPP (133 ± 15 Pg C yr −1 ) than JU 11 (118 ± 6 Pg C yr −1 ). In response to rising atmospheric CO 2 concentration, modeled NPP increases on average by 16% (5–20%) per 100 ppm, a slightly larger apparent sensitivity of NPP to CO 2 than that measured at the FACE experiment locations (13% per 100 ppm). Global NBP differs markedly among individual models, although the mean value of 2.0 ± 0.8 Pg C yr −1 is remarkably close to the mean value of RLS (2.1 ± 1.2 Pg C yr −1 ). The interannual variability in modeled NBP is significantly correlated with that of RLS for the period 1980–2009. Both model‐to‐model and interannual variation in model GPP is larger than that in model NBP due to the strong coupling causing a positive correlation between ecosystem respiration and GPP in the model. The average linear regression slope of global NBP vs. temperature across the 10 models is −3.0 ± 1.5 Pg C yr −1 °C −1 , within the uncertainty of what derived from RLS (−3.9 ± 1.1 Pg C yr −1 °C −1 ). However, 9 of 10 models overestimate the regression slope of NBP vs. precipitation, compared with the slope of the observed RLS vs. precipitation. With most models lacking processes that control GPP and NBP in addition to CO 2 and climate, the agreement between modeled and observation‐based GPP and NBP can be fortuitous. Carbon–nitrogen interactions (only separable in one model) significantly influence the simulated response of carbon cycle to temperature and atmospheric CO 2 concentration, suggesting that nutrients limitations should be included in the next generation of terrestrial biosphere models.

An Upscaling–Static-Downscaling Scheme for Simulation of Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes - Masoud Babaei; Peter R. King (Transport in Porous Media, 2013)

A Comparison Study Between an Adaptive Quadtree Grid and Uniform Grid Upscaling for Reservoir Simulation - Masoud Babaei; Ahmed H. Elsheikh; Peter R. King (Transport in Porous Media, 2013)

SAHIT Investigators—on the Outcome of Some Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Clinical Trials - R. Loch Macdonald; Blessing Jaja; Michael D. Cusimano; Nima Etminan; Daniel Hanggi; David Hasan; Don Ilodigwe; Hector Lantigua; Peter Le Roux; Benjamin Lo; Ada Louffat-Olivares; Stephan Mayer; et al. (Translational Stroke Research, 2013)

Coincidence of biophoton emission by wheat seedlings during simultaneous, transcontinental germination tests - Cristiano M. Gallep; Thiago A. Moraes; Samuel R. dos Santos; Peter W. Barlow (Protoplasma, 2013)

Whole-canopy carbon gain as a result of selection on individual performance of ten genotypes of a clonal plant - Peter J. Vermeulen; Niels P. R. Anten; Josef F. Stuefer; Heinjo J. During (Oecologia, 2013)

Iron and zinc complexation in wild-type and ferritin-expressing wheat grain: implications for mineral transport into developing grain - Andrew L. Neal; Kalotina Geraki; Søren Borg; Paul Quinn; J. Fred Mosselmans; Henrik Brinch-Pedersen; Peter R. Shewry (JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2013)

Knee extensor strength differences in obese and healthy-weight 10-to 13-year-olds - Margarita D. Tsiros; Alison M. Coates; Peter R. C. Howe; Paul N. Grimshaw; Jeff Walkley; Anthony Shield; Richard Mallows; Andrew P. Hills; Masaharu Kagawa; Sarah Shultz; Jonathan D. Buckley (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2013)

Using Life Strategies to Explore the Vulnerability of Ecosystem Services to Invasion by Alien Plants - Joana R. Vicente; Ana T. Pinto; Miguel B. Araújo; Peter H. Verburg; Angela Lomba; Christophe F. Randin; Antoine Guisan; João P. Honrado (Ecosystems, 2013)

Population stock structure of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) in the Atlantic revealed using mtDNA and microsatellite markers - Peter H. Dutton; Suzanne E. Roden; Kelly R. Stewart; Erin LaCasella; Manjula Tiwari; Angela Formia; Joao Carlos Thomé; Suzanne R. Livingstone; Scott Eckert; Didiher Chacon-Chaverri; Philippe Rivalan; Phil Allman (Conservation Genetics, 2013)

A comparison of culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques used to characterize bacterial communities on healthy and white plague-diseased corals of the Montastraea annularis species complex - G. M. Cook; J. P. Rothenberger; M. Sikaroodi; P. M. Gillevet; E. C. Peters; R. B. Jonas (Coral Reefs, 2013)

Cerebral microdialysis in clinical studies of drugs: pharmacokinetic applications - Richard J. Shannon; Keri L. H. Carpenter; Mathew R. Guilfoyle; Adel Helmy; Peter J. Hutchinson (Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, 2013)

Microsatellite scanning of the immunogenome associates MAPK14 and ELTD1 with graft-versus-host disease in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation - Christian Harkensee; Akira Oka; Makoto Onizuka; Peter G. Middleton; Hidetoshi Inoko; Hirofumi Nakaoka; Andrew R. Gennery; Kiyoshi Ando; Yasuo Morishima (Immunogenetics, 2013)

Bringing genetic diversity to the forefront of conservation policy and management - Sean M. Hoban; Heidi C. Hauffe; Sílvia Pérez-Espona; Jan W. Arntzen; Giorgio Bertorelle; Josef Bryja; Katie Frith; Oscar E. Gaggiotti; Peter Galbusera; José A. Godoy; A. Rus Hoelzel; Richard A. Nichols; et al. (Conservation Genetics Resources, 2013)

A review of cell assemblies - Christian R. Huyck; Peter J. Passmore (Biological Cybernetics, 2013)

Virus nomenclature below the species level: a standardized nomenclature for laboratory animal-adapted strains and variants of viruses assigned to the family Filoviridae - Jens H. Kuhn; Yiming Bao; Sina Bavari; Stephan Becker; Steven Bradfute; J. Rodney Brister; Alexander A. Bukreyev; Yíngyún Caì; Kartik Chandran; Robert A. Davey; Olga Dolnik; John M. Dye; et al. (Archives of Virology, 2013)

The changing rainy season climatology of mid-Ghana - Kwadwo Owusu; Peter R. Waylen (Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2013)

Gene-microRNA interactions associated with antipsychotic mechanisms and the metabolic side effects of olanzapine - Danielle M. Santarelli; Bing Liu; Carlotta E. Duncan; Natalie J. Beveridge; Paul A. Tooney; Peter R. Schofield; Murray J. Cairns (Psychopharmacology, 2013)

The dual symbiosis between arbuscular mycorrhiza and nitrogen fixing bacteria benefits the growth and nutrition of the woody invasive legume Acacia cyclops under nutrient limiting conditions - Peter E. Mortimer; Marcellous R. Le Roux; Maria A. Pérez-Fernández; Vagner A. Benedito; Aleysia Kleinert; Jianchu Xu; Alexander J. Valentine (Plant and Soil, 2013)

Enhanced semipermanent dialysis samplers for long-term environmental monitoring in saturated sediments - Luke H. MacDonald; Jeffery S. Paull; Peter R. Jaffé (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2013)

An analysis of competing mortality risks among colorectal cancer survivors in Queensland, 1996–2009 - Paramita Dasgupta; Danny R. Youlden; Peter D. Baade (Cancer Causes & Control, 2013)

Risk vs. reward: how predators and prey respond to aging olfactory cues - Jenna P. Bytheway; Alexandra J. R. Carthey; Peter B. Banks (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2013)

Quantifying Soil Hydrology to Explain the Development of Vegetation at an Ex-Arable Wetland Restoration Site - Peter A. Stroh; J. Owen Mountford; Yoseph N. Araya; Francine M. R. Hughes (Wetlands, 2013)

Heritability of adventitious rooting of grapevine dormant canes - Brady P. Smith; Matthew S. Wheal; Tim H. Jones; Norma B. Morales; Peter R. Clingeleffer (Tree Genetics & Genomes, 2013)

MATLAB implementation of a dynamic clamp with bandwidth of >125 kHz capable of generating I Na at 37 °C - Chris Clausen; Virginijus Valiunas; Peter R. Brink; Ira S. Cohen (Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 2013)

Rock Type Connectivity Estimation Using Percolation Theory - Saeid Sadeghnejad; Mohsen Masihi; Mahmoudreza Pishvaie; Peter R. King (Mathematical Geosciences, 2013)

Features of cortical neuroplasticity associated with multidirectional novel motor skill training: a TMS mapping study - Shellie A. Boudreau; Eugen R. Lontis; Hector Caltenco; Peter Svensson; Barry J. Sessle; Lotte N. Andreasen Struijk; Lars Arendt-Nielsen (Experimental Brain Research, 2013)

The 2011–2016 Transdisciplinary Research on Energetics and Cancer (TREC) Initiative: Rationale and Design - Ruth E. Patterson; Graham A. Colditz; Frank B. Hu; Kathryn H. Schmitz; Rexford S. Ahima; Ross C. Brownson; Kenneth R. Carson; Jorge E. Chavarro; Lewis A. Chodosh; Sarah Gehlert; Jeff Gill; Karen Glanz; et al. (Cancer Causes & Control, 2013)

Methane indicator values for peatlands: a comparison of species and functional groups - Alan Gray; Peter E. Levy; Mark D. A. Cooper; Timothy Jones; Jenny Gaiawyn; Sarah R. Leeson; Susan E. Ward; Kerry J. Dinsmore; Julia Drewer; Lucy J. Sheppard; Nick J. Ostle; Chris D. Evans; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2013)
Previous studies have shown a correspondence between the abundance of particular plant species and methane flux. Here, we apply multivariate analyses, and weighted averaging, to assess the suitability of vegetation composition as a predictor of methane flux. We developed a functional classification of the vegetation, in terms of a number of plant traits expected to influence methane production and transport, and compared this with a purely taxonomic classification at species level and higher. We applied weighted averaging and indirect and direct ordination approaches to six sites in the United Kingdom, and found good relationships between methane flux and vegetation composition (classified both taxonomically and functionally). Plant species and functional groups also showed meaningful responses to management and experimental treatments. In addition to the United Kingdom, we applied the functional group classification across different geographical regions (Canada and the Netherlands) to assess the generality of the method. Again, the relationship appeared good at the site level, suggesting some general applicability of the functional classification. The method seems to have the potential for incorporation into large‐scale (national) greenhouse gas accounting programmes (in relation to peatland condition/management) using vegetation mapping schemes. The results presented here strongly suggest that robust predictive models can be derived using plant species data (for use in national‐scale studies). For trans‐national‐scale studies, where the taxonomic assemblage of vegetation differs widely between study sites, a functional classification of plant species data provides an appropriate basis for predictive models of methane flux.

Human Influence and Classical Biogeographic Predictors of Rare Species Occurrence - JOSEPH R. BENNETT; PETER ARCESE (Conservation Biology, 2013)
Biogeographic theory predicts that rare species occur more often in larger, less‐isolated habitat patches and suggests that patch size and connectivity are positive predictors of patch quality for conservation. However, in areas substantially modified by humans, rare species may be relegated to the most isolated patches. We used data from plant surveys of 81 meadow patches in the Georgia Basin of Canada and the United States to show that presence of threatened and endangered plants was positively predicted for patches that were isolated on small islands surrounded by ocean and for patches that were isolated by surrounding forest. Neither patch size nor connectivity were positive predictors of rare species occurrence. Thus, in our study area, human influence, presumably due to disturbance or introduction of competitive non‐native species, appears to have overwhelmed classical predictors of rare species distribution, such that greater patch isolation appeared to favor presence of rare species. We suggest conservation planners consider the potential advantages of protecting geographically isolated patches in human‐modified landscapes because such patches may represent the only habitats in which rare species are likely to persist. Influencia Humana y Predictores Biogeográficos Clásicos de la Ocurrencia de Especies Raras

Association of P2Y2 receptor SNPs with bone mineral density and osteoporosis risk in a cohort of Dutch fracture patients - Anke Wesselius; Martijn J. L. Bours; Zanne Henriksen; Susanne Syberg; Solveig Petersen; Peter Schwarz; Niklas R. Jørgensen; Svenhjalmar van Helden; Pieter C. Dagnelie (Purinergic Signalling, 2013)

In silico biological activity of steroids from the marine sponge Axinella carteri - V. Anuradha; K. Byju; Rosmine Emilda; Gopinath Anu; S. M. Nair; N. Chandramohanakumar; K. J. Prashob Peter; T. R. Gireesh Kumar; G. Vasundhara (Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2013)

Global change revealed by palaeolimnological records from remote lakes: a review - Jordi Catalan; Sergi Pla-Rabés; Alexander P. Wolfe; John P. Smol; Kathleen M. Rühland; N. John Anderson; Jiři Kopáček; Evžen Stuchlík; Roland Schmidt; Karin A. Koinig; Lluís Camarero; Roger J. Flower; et al. (Journal of Paleolimnology, 2013)

Reliability of Postmortem Fentanyl Concentrations in Determining the Cause of Death - James R. Gill; Peter T. Lin; Lewis Nelson (Journal of Medical Toxicology, 2013)

Testing Messages to Encourage Discussion of Clinical Trials Among Cancer Survivors and Their Physicians: Examining Monitoring Style and Message Detail - Lindsay R. Duncan; Amy E. Latimer; Elizabeth Pomery; Susan E. Rivers; Michelle C. Berotoli; Peter Salovey (Journal of Cancer Education, 2013)

Identification of historic shifts in daily rainfall regime, Wenchi, Ghana - Kwadwo Owusu; Peter R. Waylen (Climatic Change, 2013)

Multi-model projections of twenty-first century North Pacific winter wave climate under the IPCC A2 scenario - Nicholas E. Graham; Daniel R. Cayan; Peter D. Bromirski; Reinhard E. Flick (Climate Dynamics, 2013)

Polymorphisms in genes related to one-carbon metabolism are not related to pancreatic cancer in PanScan and PanC4 - Max Leenders; Samsiddhi Bhattacharjee; Paolo Vineis; Victoria Stevens; H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita; Xiao-Ou Shu; Laufey Amundadottir; Myron Gross; Geoffrey S. Tobias; Jean Wactawski-Wende; Alan A. Arslan; Eric J. Duell; et al. (Cancer Causes & Control, 2013)

Clustering of place of birth for women with breast cancer: differences by tumor characteristics - Daikwon Han; Jing Nie; Matthew R. Bonner; Christine Ambrosone; Catalin Marian; Peter Shields; Maurizio Trevisan; Stephen B. Edge; Jo L. Freudenheim (Cancer Causes & Control, 2013)

Abundance, rarity and invasion debt among exotic species in a patchy ecosystem - Joseph R. Bennett; Mark Vellend; Patrick L. Lilley; William K. Cornwell; Peter Arcese (Biological Invasions, 2013)

Dietary reconstruction in Migration Period Central Germany: a carbon and nitrogen isotope study - Corina Knipper; Daniel Peters; Christian Meyer; Anne-France Maurer; Arnold Muhl; Bernd R. Schöne; Kurt W. Alt (Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2013)

The adaptive potential of P opulus balsamifera L . to phenology requirements in a warmer global climate - Matthew S. Olson; Nicholas Levsen; Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally; Robert D. Guy; William R. Schroeder; Stephen R. Keller; Peter Tiffin (Molecular Ecology, 2013)
The manner in which organisms adapt to climate change informs a broader understanding of the evolution of biodiversity as well as conservation and mitigation plans. We apply common garden and association mapping approaches to quantify genetic variance and identify loci affecting bud flush and bud set, traits that define a tree's season for height growth, in the boreal forest tree P opulus balsamifera L . (balsam poplar). Using data from 478 genotypes grown in each of two common gardens, one near the southern edge and another near the northern edge of P . balsamifera's range, we found that broad‐sense heritability for bud flush and bud set was generally high ( H 2 > 0.5 in most cases), suggesting that abundant genetic variation exists for phenological response to changes in the length of the growing season. To identify the molecular genetic basis of this variation, we genotyped trees for 346 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNP s) from 27 candidate genes for the CO / FT pathway in poplar. Mixed‐model analyses of variance identified SNP s in 10 genes to be associated with variation in either bud flush or bud set. Multiple SNP s within FRIGIDA were associated with bud flush, whereas multiple SNP s in LEAFY and GIGANTEA 5 were associated with bud set. Although there was strong population structure in stem phenology, the geographic distribution of multilocus association SNP genotypes was widespread except at the most northern populations, indicating that geographic regions may harbour sufficient diversity in functional genes to facilitate adaption to future climatic conditions in many sites.

Physical and biological controls on larval dispersal and connectivity in a highly energetic shelf sea - Peter E. Robins; Simon P. Neill; Luis Giménez; Stuart R. Jenkins; Shelagh K. Malham (Limnology and Oceanography, 2013)
Connectivity within marine species plays a fundamental role in population dynamics, genetic diversity, spread of disease, and resilience to human exploitation. However, for shellfish species that are sessile as adults, the larval‐dispersal stage remains largely unresolved. Appreciation of larval connectivity is therefore crucial to population genetics and marine management. We describe a coupled three‐dimensional hydrodynamic and Lagrangian particle tracking model used to simulate larval transport and show how temporal and spatial hydrodynamic changes, together with larval behavior, are likely to affect dispersal. A case study of Irish Sea (United Kingdom) shellfish populations incorporates a wide range of hydrodynamic environments that are prevalent in other marine systems around the world. Our simulations tested two main processes that control larval dispersal: hydrodynamics and vertical migration. Simulated larval cohorts were released from estuaries and soft sediment locations in regions that were oceanographically distinct. Larvae originating from exposed areas could migrate offshore (low retention and high connectivity) and disperse farther than larvae that remained in flood‐dominant estuaries, which promote retention. Simulated self‐recruitment and connectivity with neighboring populations (∼ 50 km apart) were generally high, although well‐developed mesoscale residual currents were important, controlling dispersal pathways offshore. Vertical migration strategies, synchronized either with the tide (tidal stream transport) or with the Earth's rotation (diel transport), enabled more larvae to remain close to the coast, and simulations indicated higher retention than for passive larvae. However, the probability of connectivity with other populations and potential survivorship was greater for tidal strategies than for passive (although passive transport populated more distinct areas albeit in smaller proportions, as more larvae remained stranded offshore), or diel, where larvae remained close to their release location.

Reply to Comment on: Coarse clast ridge sequences as suitable archives for past storm events? Case study on the Houtman Abrolhos, Western Australia - Anja M. Scheffers; Sander R. Scheffers; Dieter H. Kelletat; Peter Squire; Lindsay Collins; Yuexing Feng; Jian‐Xin Zhao; Renaud Joannes‐Boyau; Simon Matthias May; Gerhard Schellmann; Heather Freeman (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2013)

Persistent effects of prior chronic exposure to corticosterone on reward-related learning and motivation in rodents - Peter Olausson; Drew D. Kiraly; Shannon L. Gourley; Jane R. Taylor (Psychopharmacology, 2013)

Evaluation of the hormonal state of columnar apple trees (Malus x domestica) based on high throughput gene expression studies - Clemens Krost; Romina Petersen; Stefanie Lokan; Bastienne Brauksiepe; Peter Braun; Erwin R. Schmidt (Plant Molecular Biology, 2013)

Complex facilitation and competition in a temperate grassland: loss of plant diversity and elevated CO2 have divergent and opposite effects on oak establishment - Alexandra Wright; Stefan A. Schnitzer; Ian A. Dickie; Alex R. Gunderson; Gabriella A. Pinter; Scott A. Mangan; Peter B. Reich (Oecologia, 2013)

Climate-driven changes in water level: a decadal scale multi-proxy study recording the 8.2-ka event and ecosystem responses in Lake Sarup (Denmark) - Rikke Bjerring; Jesper Olsen; Erik Jeppesen; Bjørn Buchardt; Jan Heinemeier; Suzanne McGowan; Peter R. Leavitt; Renée Enevold; Bent V. Odgaard (Journal of Paleolimnology, 2013)

Spatial and seasonal variability of polygonal tundra water balance: Lena River Delta, northern Siberia (Russia) - Manuel Helbig; Julia Boike; Moritz Langer; Peter Schreiber; Benjamin R. K. Runkle; Lars Kutzbach (Hydrogeology Journal, 2013)

Reproducibility of somatosensory spatial perceptual maps - Peter Steenbergen; Jan R. Buitenweg; Jörg Trojan; Peter H. Veltink (Experimental Brain Research, 2013)

A summary of the use of electronic tagging to provide insights into salmon migration and survival - A. Peter Klimley; R. Bruce MacFarlane; Phillip T. Sandstrom; Stephen T. Lindley (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2013)

An introduction to the use of electronic tagging to provide insights into salmon migration and survival - Philip T. Sandstrom; R. Bruce MacFarlane; Steven T. Lindley; A. Peter Klimley (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2013)

Interannual variation of reach specific migratory success for Sacramento River hatchery yearling late-fall run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) - Gabriel P. Singer; Alex R. Hearn; Eric D. Chapman; Matthew L. Peterson; Peter E. LaCivita; William N. Brostoff; Allison Bremner; A. P. Klimley (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2013)

The effects of environmental factors on the migratory movement patterns of Sacramento River yearling late-fall run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) - Cyril J. Michel; Arnold J. Ammann; Eric D. Chapman; Philip T. Sandstrom; Heidi E. Fish; Michael J. Thomas; Gabriel P. Singer; Steven T. Lindley; A. Peter Klimley; R. Bruce MacFarlane (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2013)

Diel movements of out-migrating Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) smolts in the Sacramento/San Joaquin watershed - Eric D. Chapman; Alex R. Hearn; Cyril J. Michel; Arnold J. Ammann; Steven T. Lindley; Michael J. Thomas; Philip T. Sandstrom; Gabriel P. Singer; Matthew L. Peterson; R. Bruce MacFarlane; A. Peter Klimley (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2013)

Sensitivity of survival to migration routes used by juvenile Chinook salmon to negotiate the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta - Russell W. Perry; Patricia L. Brandes; Jon R. Burau; A. Peter Klimley; Bruce MacFarlane; Cyril Michel; John R. Skalski (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2013)

Household endotoxin levels and the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Jun Wang; Wendy Cozen; Peter S. Thorne; Kiros Berhane; James R. Cerhan; Patricia Hartge; Mary H. Ward; Anneclaire J. De Roos; Richard K. Severson; Lindsay M. Morton; Leslie Bernstein; Martha S. Linet; et al. (Cancer Causes & Control, 2013)

Effects of cadmium on the sub-cellular localization of β-catenin and β-catenin-regulated gene expression in NRK-52E cells - Joshua R. Edwards; Kevin Kolman; Peter C. Lamar; Nalini Chandar; Michael J. Fay; Walter C. Prozialeck (BioMetals, 2013)

Foundress polyphenism and the origins of eusociality in a facultatively eusocial sweat bee, Megalopta genalis (Halictidae) - Karen M. Kapheim; Adam R. Smith; Peter Nonacs; William T. Wcislo; Robert K. Wayne (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2013)

Social organisation of thornbill-dominated mixed-species flocks using social network analysis - Damien R. Farine; Peter J. Milburn (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2013)

Megacities and Large Urban Agglomerations in the Coastal Zone: Interactions Between Atmosphere, Land, and Marine Ecosystems - Roland von Glasow; Tim D. Jickells; Alexander Baklanov; Gregory R. Carmichael; Tom M. Church; Laura Gallardo; Claire Hughes; Maria Kanakidou; Peter S. Liss; Laurence Mee; Robin Raine; Purvaja Ramachandran; et al. (Ambio, 2013)

The historical biogeography of coral reef fishes: global patterns of origination and dispersal - Peter F. Cowman; David R. Bellwood (Journal of Biogeography, 2013)
Aim To use recently published phylogenies of three major reef fish families to explore global patterns of species origin and dispersal over the past 65 million years. The key questions are: when and where did reef fishes arise, and how has this shaped current biodiversity patterns? Location Biogeographic reconstructions were performed on globally distributed reef fish lineages. Patterns of lineage origination and dispersal were explored in five major biogeographic regions: the East P acific, the A tlantic, the I ndian O cean, the I ndo‐ A ustralian A rchipelago hotspot, and the C entral P acific. Methods A dispersal, extinction and cladogenesis ( DEC ) model implemented in Lagrange was used to infer the most likely biogeographic scenarios at nodes on chronograms of three diverse reef fish families ( L abridae, P omacentridae, C haetodontidae). For the terminal branches ANOVA was used to compare patterns of origination on a regional and global scale. Patterns of origination and dispersal were examined within discrete time periods for the five biogeographic regions. Results Temporal examination of hypothetical ancestral lineages reveal a pattern of increasing isolation of the East P acific and A tlantic regions from the E ocene, and the changing role of the I ndo‐ A ustralian A rchipelago from a location of accumulating ranges in the P alaeo/ E ocene, a centre of origination in the M iocene, to extensive expansion of lineages into adjacent regions from the P liocene to Recent. Main conclusions While the East P acific and A tlantic have a history of isolation, the I ndo‐ A ustralian A rchipelago has a history of connectivity. It has sequentially and then simultaneously acted as a centre of accumulation ( P alaeocene/ E ocene onwards), survival ( E ocene/ O ligocene onwards), origin ( M iocene onwards), and export ( P liocene/Recent) for reef fishes. The model suggests that it was the proliferation and expansion of lineages in the I ndo‐ A ustralian A rchipelago (the C oral T riangle) during the M iocene that underpinned the current biodiversity in the I ndian and P acific O ceans.

Plant response to climate change varies with topography, interactions with neighbors, and ecotype - Pierre Liancourt; Laura A. Spence; Daniel S. Song; Ariuntsetseg Lkhagva; Anarmaa Sharkhuu; Bazartseren Boldgiv; Brent R. Helliker; Peter S. Petraitis; Brenda B. Casper (Ecology, 2013)
Predicting the future of any given species represents an unprecedented challenge in light of the many environmental and biological factors that affect organismal performance and that also interact with drivers of global change. In a three‐year experiment set in the Mongolian steppe, we examined the response of the common grass Festuca lenensis to manipulated temperature and water while controlling for topographic variation, plant–plant interactions, and ecotypic differentiation. Plant survival and growth responses to a warmer, drier climate varied within the landscape. Response to simulated increased precipitation occurred only in the absence of neighbors, demonstrating that plant–plant interactions can supersede the effects of climate change. F. lenensis also showed evidence of local adaptation in populations that were only 300 m apart. Individuals from the steep and dry upper slope showed a higher stress/drought tolerance, whereas those from the more productive lower slope showed a higher biomass production and a greater ability to cope with competition. Moreover, the response of this species to increased precipitation was ecotype specific, with water addition benefiting only the least stress‐tolerant ecotype from the lower slope origin. This multifaceted approach illustrates the importance of placing climate change experiments within a realistic ecological and evolutionary framework. Existing sources of variation impacting plant performance may buffer or obscure climate change effects.

Attenuation of reinstatement of methamphetamine-, sucrose-, and food-seeking behavior in rats by fenobam, a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 negative allosteric modulator - Lucas R. Watterson; Peter R. Kufahl; Natali E. Nemirovsky; Kaveish Sewalia; Lauren E. Hood; M. Foster Olive (Psychopharmacology, 2013)

Soil N2O and CO2 emissions from cotton in Australia under varying irrigation management - Clemens Scheer; Peter R. Grace; David W. Rowlings; Jose Payero (Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2013)

Preparation and testing of homocubyl amines as therapeutic NMDA receptor antagonists - Anna S. Sklyarova; Vladimir N. Rodionov; Christopher G. Parsons; Günter Quack; Peter R. Schreiner; Andrey A. Fokin (Medicinal Chemistry Research, 2013)

Genome-wide study identifies two loci associated with lung function decline in mild to moderate COPD - Nadia N. Hansel; Ingo Ruczinski; Nicholas Rafaels; Don D. Sin; Denise Daley; Alla Malinina; Lili Huang; Andrew Sandford; Tanda Murray; Yoonhee Kim; Candelaria Vergara; Susan R. Heckbert; et al. (Human Genetics, 2013)

A genome-wide association study of breast cancer in women of African ancestry - Fang Chen; Gary K. Chen; Daniel O. Stram; Robert C. Millikan; Christine B. Ambrosone; Esther M. John; Leslie Bernstein; Wei Zheng; Julie R. Palmer; Jennifer J. Hu; Tim R. Rebbeck; Regina G. Ziegler; et al. (Human Genetics, 2013)

Estimates of New and Total Productivity in Central Long Island Sound from In Situ Measurements of Nitrate and Dissolved Oxygen - James R. Collins; Peter A. Raymond; W. Frank Bohlen; Mary M. Howard-Strobel (Estuaries and Coasts, 2013)

Influence of Disturbance on Temperate Forest Productivity - Emily B. Peters; Kirk R. Wythers; John B. Bradford; Peter B. Reich (Ecosystems, 2013)

Optimal Use of MRSASelect and PCR to Maximize Sensitivity and Specificity of MRSA Detection - Mohammad R. Hasan; John D. Brunstein; Ghada Al-Rawahi; Rusung Tan; Eva Thomas; Peter Tilley (Current Microbiology, 2013)

Prospective study of effect modification by Toll-like receptor 4 variation on the association between Trichomonas vaginalis serostatus and prostate cancer - Yen Ching Chen; Yi Ling Huang; Elizabeth A. Platz; John F. Alderete; Lu Zheng; Jennifer R. Rider; Peter Kraft; Edward Giovannucci; Siobhan Sutcliffe (Cancer Causes & Control, 2013)

Trait-dependent declines of species following conversion of rain forest to oil palm plantations - Michael J. M. Senior; Keith C. Hamer; Simon Bottrell; David P. Edwards; Tom M. Fayle; Jennifer M. Lucey; Peter J. Mayhew; Robert Newton; Kelvin S.-H. Peh; Frederick H. Sheldon; Christopher Stewart; Alison R. Styring; et al. (Biodiversity and Conservation, 2013)

Virus nomenclature below the species level: a standardized nomenclature for natural variants of viruses assigned to the family Filoviridae - Jens H. Kuhn; Yiming Bao; Sina Bavari; Stephan Becker; Steven Bradfute; J. Rodney Brister; Alexander A. Bukreyev; Kartik Chandran; Robert A. Davey; Olga Dolnik; John M. Dye; Sven Enterlein; et al. (Archives of Virology, 2013)

The International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature (ICVCN): proposal to delete Rule 3.41 - Jens H. Kuhn; Sheli R. Radoshitzky; Sina Bavari; Peter B. Jahrling (Archives of Virology, 2013)

Survival estimates for the Australian sea lion: Negative correlation of sea surface temperature with cohort survival to weaning - Rebecca R. McIntosh; Anthony D. Arthur; Terry Dennis; Mel Berris; Simon D. Goldsworthy; Peter D. Shaughnessy; Carlos E. P. Teixeira (Marine Mammal Science, 2013)
A bstract The Australian sea lion ( Neophoca cinerea ) population at Seal Bay Conservation Park, South Australia, is estimated to be declining at a rate of 1.14% per breeding season. To better understand the potential causes of this decline, survival rates were examined to 14 yr of age for eight cohorts marked as pups (aged 0.17 yr) between 1991 and 2002. Apparent yearly survival rates (Φ) varied by cohort for pups from marking to weaning at 1.5 yr (Φ= 0.30–0.67). Postweaning juvenile survival (1.5–3 yr) was 0.89 and survival from 3 to 14 yr was constant (Φ female:male = 0.96:0.89). Φ of pup cohorts was negatively correlated to local sea surface temperature where the sea lions forage (SST) and was especially low for cohort 7 in 2000 (0.30). It is possible that periods of unusually warm oceanographic conditions may be limiting primary production and inhibiting maternal provisioning to pups. Pup survival to weaning is relatively low compared to other otariid species, is likely to limit recruitment, and may be contributing to the decline in pup abundance observed in the colony.

Of mast and mean: differential‐temperature cue makes mast seeding insensitive to climate change - Dave Kelly; Andre Geldenhuis; Alex James; E. Penelope Holland; Michael J. Plank; Robert E. Brockie; Philip E. Cowan; Grant A. Harper; William G. Lee; Matt J. Maitland; Alan F. Mark; James A. Mills; et al. (Ecology Letters, 2013)
Mast‐seeding plants often produce high seed crops the year after a warm spring or summer, but the warm‐temperature model has inconsistent predictive ability. Here, we show for 26 long‐term data sets from five plant families that the temperature difference between the two previous summers (ΔT) better predicts seed crops. This discovery explains how masting species tailor their flowering patterns to sites across altitudinal temperature gradients; predicts that masting will be unaffected by increasing mean temperatures under climate change; improves prediction of impacts on seed consumers; demonstrates that strongly masting species are hypersensitive to climate; explains the rarity of consecutive high‐seed years without invoking resource constraints; and generates hypotheses about physiological mechanisms in plants and insect seed predators. For plants, ΔT has many attributes of an ideal cue. This temperature‐difference model clarifies our understanding of mast seeding under environmental change, and could also be applied to other cues, such as rainfall.

Identification of RARRES1 as a core regulator in liver fibrosis - Andreas Teufel; Diana Becker; Susanne N. Weber; Steven Dooley; Katja Breitkopf-Heinlein; Thorsten Maass; Katrin Hochrath; Markus Krupp; Jens U. Marquardt; Martin Kolb; Bernhard Korn; Christof Niehrs; et al. (Journal of Molecular Medicine, 2012)

Participatory monitoring and evaluation to aid investment in natural resource manager capacity at a range of scales - Peter R. Brown; Brent Jacobs; Peat Leith (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2012)

Hybridization of S outhern H emisphere blue whale subspecies and a sympatric area off A ntarctica: impacts of whaling or climate change? - Catherine R. M. Attard; Luciano B. Beheregaray; K. Curt S. Jenner; Peter C. Gill; Micheline‐Nicole Jenner; Margaret G. Morrice; Kelly M. Robertson; Luciana M. Möller (Molecular Ecology, 2012)
Understanding the degree of genetic exchange between subspecies and populations is vital for the appropriate management of endangered species. Blue whales ( B alaenoptera musculus ) have two recognized S outhern H emisphere subspecies that show differences in geographic distribution, morphology, vocalizations and genetics. During the austral summer feeding season, the Antarctic blue whale ( B . m. intermedia ) is found in polar waters and the pygmy blue whale ( B. m. brevicauda ) in temperate waters. Here, we genetically analyzed samples collected during the feeding season to report on several cases of hybridization between the two recognized blue whale S outhern H emisphere subspecies in a previously unconfirmed sympatric area off A ntarctica. This means the pygmy blue whales using waters off A ntarctica may migrate and then breed during the austral winter with the A ntarctic subspecies. Alternatively, the subspecies may interbreed off Antarctica outside the expected austral winter breeding season. The genetically estimated recent migration rates from the pygmy to A ntarctic subspecies were greater than estimates of evolutionary migration rates and previous estimates based on morphology of whaling catches. This discrepancy may be due to differences in the methods or an increase in the proportion of pygmy blue whales off Antarctica within the last four decades. Potential causes for the latter are whaling, anthropogenic climate change or a combination of these and may have led to hybridization between the subspecies. Our findings challenge the current knowledge about the breeding behaviour of the world's largest animal and provide key information that can be incorporated into management and conservation practices for this endangered species.

Electing a candidate: a speculative history of the bacterial phylum OP10 - Peter F. Dunfield; Ivica Tamas; Kevin C. Lee; Xochitl C. Morgan; Ian R. McDonald; Matthew B. Stott (Environmental Microbiology, 2012)
Summary In 1998, a cultivation‐independent survey of the microbial community in Obsidian Pool, Yellowstone National Park, detected 12 new phyla within the Domain Bacteria . These were dubbed ‘candidate divisions’ OP1 to OP12. Since that time the OP10 candidate division has been commonly detected in various environments, usually as part of the rare biosphere, but occasionally as a predominant community component. Based on 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, OP10 comprises at least 12 class‐level subdivisions. However, despite this broad ecological and evolutionary diversity, all OP10 bacteria have eluded cultivation until recently. In 2011, two reference species of OP10 were taxonomically validated, removing the phylum from its ‘candidate’ status. Construction of a highly resolved phylogeny based on 29 universally conserved genes verifies its standing as a unique bacterial phylum. In the following paper we summarize what is known and what is suspected about the newest described bacterial phylum, the Armatimonadetes .

Contrasting effects of dwarfing alleles and nitrogen availability on mineral concentrations in wheat grain - Mike J. Gooding; Mingsheng Fan; Steve P. McGrath; Peter R. Shewry; Fang-Jie Zhao (Plant and Soil, 2012)

Application of large-scale sequencing to marker discovery in plants - Robert J Henry; Mark Edwards; Daniel L E Waters; Gopala Krishnan S; Peter Bundock; Timothy R Sexton; Ardashir K Masouleh; Catherine J Nock; Julie Pattemore (Journal of Biosciences, 2012)

Regional-scale airborne electromagnetic surveying of the Yucatan karst aquifer (Mexico): geological and hydrogeological interpretation - Bibi R. N. Gondwe; David Ottowitz; Robert Supper; Klaus Motschka; Gonzalo Merediz-Alonso; Peter Bauer-Gottwein (Hydrogeology Journal, 2012)

Intravenous buspirone for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting - Peter Kranke; Kerstin D. Röhm; Pierre Diemunsch; Tong J. Gan; Christian C. Apfel; Leopold Eberhart; Harold S. Minkowitz; Jan Wallenborn; Dominique Chassard; Gilles Lebuffe; Gabriel M. Fox; Martin R. Tramèr (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2012)

Microhabitat use of juvenile coral reef fish in Palau - Victor S. Ticzon; Peter J. Mumby; Badi R. Samaniego; Sonia Bejarano-Chavarro; Laura T. David (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2012)

Effects of observed and experimental climate change on terrestrial ecosystems in northern Canada: results from the Canadian IPY program - Gregory H. R. Henry; Karen A. Harper; Wenjun Chen; Julie R. Deslippe; Robert F. Grant; Peter M. Lafleur; Esther Lévesque; Steven D. Siciliano; Suzanne W. Simard (Climatic Change, 2012)

Nitrous oxide emissions from irrigated wheat in Australia: impact of irrigation management - Clemens Scheer; Peter R. Grace; David W. Rowlings; Jose Payero (Plant and Soil, 2012)

Clusters of genes encoding fructan biosynthesizing enzymes in wheat and barley - Bao-Lam Huynh; Diane E. Mather; Andreas W. Schreiber; John Toubia; Ute Baumann; Zahra Shoaei; Nils Stein; Ruvini Ariyadasa; James C. R. Stangoulis; James Edwards; Neil Shirley; Peter Langridge; et al. (Plant Molecular Biology, 2012)

Effect of Milling on Particle Shape and Surface Energy Heterogeneity of Needle-Shaped Crystals - Raimundo Ho; Majid Naderi; Jerry Y. Y. Heng; Daryl R. Williams; Frank Thielmann; Peter Bouza; Adam R. Keith; Greg Thiele; Daniel J. Burnett (Pharmaceutical Research, 2012)

Hybrid mouse diversity panel: a panel of inbred mouse strains suitable for analysis of complex genetic traits - Anatole Ghazalpour; Christoph D. Rau; Charles R. Farber; Brian J. Bennett; Luz D. Orozco; Atila van Nas; Calvin Pan; Hooman Allayee; Simon W. Beaven; Mete Civelek; Richard C. Davis; Thomas A. Drake; et al. (Mammalian Genome, 2012)

Molecular comparison of historical and contemporary pine marten (Martes martes) populations in the British Isles: evidence of differing origins and fates, and implications for conservation management - Neil R. Jordan; John Messenger; Peter Turner; Elizabeth Croose; Johnny Birks; Catherine O’Reilly (Conservation Genetics, 2012)

The influence of hurricane risk on tourist destination choice in the Caribbean - Johanna Forster; Peter W. Schuhmann; Iain R. Lake; Andrew R. Watkinson; Jennifer A. Gill (Climatic Change, 2012)

Human pitch detectors are tuned on a fine scale, but are perceptually accessed on a coarse scale - Eva R. M. Joosten; Peter Neri (Biological Cybernetics, 2012)

Stress State and Strain Rate Dependence of the Human Placenta - Benjamin C. Weed; Ali Borazjani; Sourav S. Patnaik; R. Prabhu; M. F. Horstemeyer; Peter L. Ryan; Thomas Franz; Lakiesha N. Williams; Jun Liao (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2012)

Bayesian inference of a complex invasion history revealed by nuclear and chloroplast genetic diversity in the colonizing plant, S ilene latifolia - Stephen R. Keller; Kimberly J. Gilbert; Peter D. Fields; Douglas R. Taylor (Molecular Ecology, 2012)
Species invading new ranges are subject to a series of demographic events that can strongly shape genetic diversity. Describing this demographic history is important for understanding where invasive species come from and how they spread, and is critical to testing hypotheses of postinvasion adaptation. Here, we analyse nuclear and chloroplast genetic diversity to study the invasion history of the widespread colonizing weed, S ilene latifolia ( C aryophyllaceae). Bayesian clustering and PCA revealed strong population structure in the native range of Europe, and although genotypes from multiple native sources were present in the introduced range of North America, the spatial distribution of genetic variance was dramatically reorganized. Using approximate B ayesian computation ( ABC ), we compared support for different invasion scenarios, including the number and size of independent introduction events and the amount of admixture occurring between sources of introduced genotypes. Our results supported independent introductions into eastern and western North America, with the latter forming a bridgehead for a secondary invasion into the G reat L akes region of central N orth A merica. Despite small estimated founder population sizes, the duration of the demographic bottleneck after the initial introduction appeared extremely short‐lived. This pattern of repeated colonization and rapid expansion has effectively eroded the strong population structure and cytonuclear associations present in Europe, but has retained overall high genetic diversity since invasion. Our results highlight the flexibility of the ABC approach for constructing a narrative of the demographic history of species invasions and provide baseline for future studies of evolutionary changes in introduced S. latifolia populations.

Coarse clast ridge sequences as suitable archives for past storm events? Case study on the Houtman Abrolhos, Western Australia - Anja M. Scheffers; Sander R. Scheffers; Dieter H. Kelletat; Peter Squire; Lindsay Collins; Yuexing Feng; Jian‐Xin Zhao; Renaud Joannes‐Boyau; Simon Matthias May; Gerhard Schellmann; Heather Freeman (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2012)
Prehistoric storm records are relatively scarce in most parts of the world. This article presents storm records derived from coral rubble‐based geological archives of the Houtman Abrolhos Archipelago located off the west coast of Australia, where the southernmost coral reefs of the Indian Ocean are found. Winter storm swell from the circum‐Antarctic ‘Brave Westerlies’, as well as tropical cyclone waves, have left numerous ridge systems on dozens of islands of the archipelago, all composed of coral rubble from adjacent reefs. At three islands, seven ridge systems were dated by three different methods: U‐series (68 dates), radiocarbon (64 dates), electron spin resonance (7 dates); 139 radiometric dates span the last 5500 years of the Holocene. In contrast to the geomorphological interpretation, the age sequences show ‘inversions’, hiatuses and different ages for the same ridge, all pointing to complicated ridge formation processes. Time gaps, some exceeding 1000 years, are interpreted as phases of erosion and not as phases without storm activity. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Anaerobic methane oxidation in metalliferous hydrothermal sediments: influence on carbon flux and decoupling from sulfate reduction - Scott D. Wankel; Melissa M. Adams; David T. Johnston; Colleen M. Hansel; Samantha B. Joye; Peter R. Girguis (Environmental Microbiology, 2012)
Summary The anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is a globally significant sink that regulates methane flux from sediments into the oceans and atmosphere. Here we examine mesophilic to thermophilic AOM in hydrothermal sediments recovered from the Middle Valley vent field, on the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Using continuous‐flow sediment bioreactors and batch incubations, we characterized (i) the degree to which AOM contributes to net dissolved inorganic carbon flux, (ii) AOM and sulfate reduction (SR) rates as a function of temperature and (iii) the distribution and density of known anaerobic methanotrophs (ANMEs). In sediment bioreactors, inorganic carbon stable isotope mass balances results indicated that AOM accounted for between 16% and 86% of the inorganic carbon produced, underscoring the role of AOM in governing inorganic carbon flux from these sediments. At 90°C, AOM occurred in the absence of SR, demonstrating a striking decoupling of AOM from SR. An abundance of Fe(III)‐bearing minerals resembling mixed valent Fe oxides, such as green rust, suggests the potential for a coupling of AOM to Fe(III) reduction in these metalliferous sediments. While SR bacteria were only observed in cooler temperature sediments, ANMEs allied to ANME‐1 ribotypes, including a putative ANME‐1c group, were found across all temperature regimes and represented a substantial proportion of the archaeal community. In concert, these results extend and reshape our understanding of the nature of high temperature methane biogeochemistry, providing insight into the physiology and ecology of thermophilic anaerobic methanotrophy and suggesting that AOM may play a central role in regulating biological dissolved inorganic carbon fluxes to the deep ocean from the organic‐poor, metalliferous sediments of the global mid‐ocean ridge hydrothermal vent system.

Microcosm Study of Iron Mobilization and Greenhouse Gas Evolution in Soils of a Plantation-Forested Subtropical Coastal Catchment - Chaofeng Lin; Eloise I. Larsen; Peter R. Grace; James J. Smith (Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2012)

Nonclinical Dose Formulation: Out of Specification Investigations - Troy Appleton; Peter Bryan; Denise Contos; Teresa R. Henry; Paul Lehmann; Susan Ohorodnik; Dave Reed; Chantal Robichaud; John Schetter; Natalie South; John Weissmann; Monica Lee Whitmire (The AAPS Journal, 2012)

Description of two new species of Santelmoa (Teleostei, Zoarcidae) from the Southern Ocean - Jesús Matallanas; Cecília Corbella; Peter R. Møller (Polar Biology, 2012)

Impacts of sediment supply and local tectonics on clinoform distribution: the seismic stratigraphy of the mid Pleistocene-Holocene Indus Shelf - David R. Limmer; Timothy J. Henstock; Liviu Giosan; Camilo Ponton; Ali R. Tabrez; David I. M. Macdonald; Peter D. Clift (Marine Geophysical Research, 2012)

Interactive influences of the marine yabby (Trypaea australiensis) and mangrove (Avicennia marina) leaf litter on benthic metabolism and nitrogen cycling in sandy estuarine sediment - Ryan J. K. Dunn; David T. Welsh; Mark A. Jordan; James M. Arthur; Charles J. Lemckert; Peter R. Teasdale (Hydrobiologia, 2012)

Leaf Litter Disappearance in Earthworm-Invaded Northern Hardwood Forests: Role of Tree Species and the Chemistry and Diversity of Litter - Andrew R. Holdsworth; Lee E. Frelich; Peter B. Reich (Ecosystems, 2012)

Development of risk matrices for evaluating climatic change responses of forested habitats - Louis R. Iverson; Stephen N. Matthews; Anantha M. Prasad; Matthew P. Peters; Gary Yohe (Climatic Change, 2012)

ULIXES, unravelling and exploiting Mediterranean Sea microbial diversity and ecology for xenobiotics’ and pollutants’ clean up - Daniele Daffonchio; Francesca Mapelli; Ameur Cherif; Hanan I. Malkawi; Michail M. Yakimov; Yasser R. Abdel-Fattah; Mohamed Blaghen; Peter N. Golyshin; Manuel Ferrer; Nicolas Kalogerakis; Nico Boon; Mirko Magagnini; et al. (Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 2012)

Clinical correlation and molecular evaluation confirm that the MLH1 p.Arg182Gly (c.544A>G) mutation is pathogenic and causes Lynch syndrome - Michael P. Farrell; David J. Hughes; Ian R. Berry; David J. Gallagher; Emily A. Glogowski; Stewart J. Payne; Michael J. Kennedy; Róisín M. Clarke; Susan A. White; Cian B. Muldoon; Fiona Macdonald; Pauline Rehal; et al. (Familial Cancer, 2012)

The development of 24 polymorphic microsatellite loci for the endangered barred galaxias, Galaxias fuscus, through next generation DNA sequencing - Adam D. Miller; Anthony van Rooyen; Renae M. Ayres; Tarmo A. Raadik; Peter Fairbrother; Andrew R. Weeks (Conservation Genetics Resources, 2012)

A Common View of the Opportunities, Challenges, and Research Actions for Pongamia in Australia - Helen T. Murphy; Deborah A. O’Connell; Gary Seaton; R. John Raison; Luis C. Rodriguez; Andrew L. Braid; Darren J. Kriticos; Tom Jovanovic; Amir Abadi; Michael Betar; Heather Brodie; Malcolm Lamont; et al. (BioEnergy Research, 2012)

Identification of historic shifts in daily rainfall regime, Wenchi, Ghana - Kwadwo Owusu; Peter R. Waylen (Climatic Change, 2012)

Dietary partitioning by two sympatric fish species, red cod ( Pseudophycis bachus ) and sea perch ( Helicolenus percoides ), on Chatham Rise, New Zealand - Peter L. Horn; Jeff S. Forman; Matthew R. Dunn (Marine Biology Research, 2012)

North American transect of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in water beetles from a museum collection - Maarten van Hardenbroek; Darren R. Gröcke; Peter E. Sauer; Scott A. Elias (Journal of Paleolimnology, 2012)

A novel mechanism of iron-core formation by Pyrococcus furiosus archaeoferritin, a member of an uncharacterized branch of the ferritin-like superfamily - Kourosh Honarmand Ebrahimi; Peter-Leon Hagedoorn; Laura van der Weel; Peter D. E. M. Verhaert; Wilfred R. Hagen (JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2012)

Objective assessment of nonadherence and unknown co-medication in hospitalized patients - Florentine Carow; Karin Rieger; Ingeborg Walter-Sack; Markus R. Meyer; Frank T. Peters; Hans H. Maurer; Walter E. Haefeli (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2012)

Multiple primary cancers among colorectal cancer survivors in Queensland, Australia, 1996–2007 - Paramita Dasgupta; Danny R. Youlden; Peter D. Baade (Cancer Causes & Control, 2012)

Distribution of Internal Strains Around Bony Prominences in Pigs - Leandro R. Solis; Adrian B. Liggins; Peter Seres; Richard R. E. Uwiera; Niek R. Poppe; Enid Pehowich; Richard B. Thompson; Vivian K. Mushahwar (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2012)

Distribution of Internal Pressure around Bony Prominences: Implications to Deep Tissue Injury and Effectiveness of Intermittent Electrical Stimulation - Leandro R. Solis; Adrian Liggins; Richard R. E. Uwiera; Niek Poppe; Enid Pehowich; Peter Seres; Richard B. Thompson; Vivian K. Mushahwar (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2012)

The effect of experimental warming and precipitation change on proteolytic enzyme activity: positive feedbacks to nitrogen availability are not universal - Edward R. Brzostek; John M. Blair; Jeffrey S. Dukes; Serita D. Frey; Sarah E. Hobbie; Jerry M. Melillo; Robert J. Mitchell; Elise Pendall; Peter B. Reich; Gaius R. Shaver; Artur Stefanski; Mark G. Tjoelker; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2012)
Nitrogen regulates the E arth's climate system by constraining the terrestrial sink for atmospheric CO 2 . Proteolytic enzymes are a principal driver of the within‐system cycle of soil nitrogen, yet there is little to no understanding of their response to climate change. Here, we use a single methodology to investigate potential proteolytic enzyme activity in soils from 16 global change experiments. We show that regardless of geographical location or experimental manipulation (i.e., temperature, precipitation, or both), all sites plotted along a single line relating the response ratio of potential proteolytic activity to soil moisture deficit, the difference between precipitation and evapotranspiration. In particular, warming and reductions in precipitation stimulated potential proteolytic activity in mesic sites – temperate and boreal forests, arctic tundra – whereas these manipulations suppressed potential activity in dry grasslands. This study provides a foundation for a simple representation of the impacts of climate change on a central component of the nitrogen cycle.

Selecting for Tolerance against Pathogens and Herbivores to Enhance Success of Reintroduction and Translocation - MATTHEW D. VENESKY; JOSEPH R. MENDELSON III; BRITTANY F. SEARS; PETER STILING; JASON R. ROHR (Conservation Biology, 2012)
Some species have insufficient defenses against climate change, emerging infectious diseases, and non‐native species because they have not been exposed to these factors over their evolutionary history, and this can decrease their likelihood of persistence. Captive breeding programs are sometimes used to reintroduce individuals back into the wild; however, successful captive breeding and reintroduction can be difficult because species or populations often cannot coexist with non‐native pathogens and herbivores without artificial selection. In captive breeding programs, breeders can select for host defenses that prevent or reduce pathogen or herbivore burden (i.e., resistance) or traits that limit the effects of parasitism or herbivory on host fitness (i.e., tolerance). We propose that selection for host tolerance may enhance the success of reintroduction or translocation because tolerant hosts generally have neutral effects on introduced pathogens and herbivores. The release of resistant hosts would have detrimental effects on their natural enemies, promoting rapid evolution to circumvent the host resistance that may reduce the long‐term probability of persistence of the reintroduced or translocated species. We examined 2 case studies, one on the pathogenic amphibian chytrid fungus ( Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis [Bd]) and the other on the herbivorous cactus moth ( Cactoblastis cactorum) in the United States, where it is not native. In each case study, we provide recommendations for how captive breeders and managers could go about selecting for host tolerance. Selecting for tolerance may offer a promising tool to rescue hosts species from invasive natural enemies as well as new natural enemies associated with climate change‐induced range shifts.

A Modified Nested-Gridding for Upscaling–Downscaling in Reservoir Simulation - Masoud Babaei; Peter R. King (Transport in Porous Media, 2012)

Epidemiology and clinical presentations of celiac disease - Norelle Rizkalla Reilly; Peter H. R. Green (Seminars in Immunopathology, 2012)

Sleeping site selection by golden-backed uacaris, Cacajao melanocephalus ouakary (Pitheciidae), in Amazonian flooded forests - Adrian Ashton Barnett; Peter Shaw; Wilson R. Spironello; Ann MacLarnon; Caroline Ross (Primates, 2012)

Modified high-density lipoprotein modulates aldosterone release through scavenger receptors via extra cellular signal-regulated kinase and Janus kinase-dependent pathways - Sarama Saha; Juergen Graessler; Peter E. H. Schwarz; Claudia Goettsch; Stefan R. Bornstein; Steffi Kopprasch (Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2012)

Effects of the fungicide metiram in outdoor freshwater microcosms: responses of invertebrates, primary producers and microbes - Ronghua Lin; Laura Buijse; Mauricio R. Dimitrov; Peter Dohmen; Sujitra Kosol; Lorraine Maltby; Ivo Roessink; Jos A. Sinkeldam; Hauke Smidt; René P. A. Van Wijngaarden; Theo C. M. Brock (Ecotoxicology, 2012)

The simulation of cutoff lows in a regional climate model: reliability and future trends - Michael R. Grose; Michael J. Pook; Peter C. McIntosh; James S. Risbey; Nathaniel L. Bindoff (Climate Dynamics, 2012)

Uranium reduction and microbial community development in response to stimulation with different electron donors - Melissa Barlett; Hee Sun Moon; Aaron A. Peacock; David B. Hedrick; Kenneth H. Williams; Philip E. Long; Derek Lovley; Peter R. Jaffe (Biodegradation, 2012)

Reduced fungicide use on a new Australian peanut cultivar, highly resistant to the late leaf spot and rust pathogens - Lisa A. Kelly; Malcolm J. Ryley; Peter R. Trevorrow; Jeffrey R. Tatnell; Charles Nastasi; Yash Chauhan (Australasian Plant Pathology, 2012)

Tundra in the Rain: Differential Vegetation Responses to Three Years of Experimentally Doubled Summer Precipitation in Siberian Shrub and Swedish Bog Tundra - Frida Keuper; Frans-Jan W. Parmentier; Daan Blok; Peter M. van Bodegom; Ellen Dorrepaal; Jurgen R. van Hal; Richard S. P. van Logtestijn; Rien Aerts (Ambio, 2012)

Multi-scale, object-based image analysis for mapping geomorphic and ecological zones on coral reefs - Stuart R. Phinn; Chris M. Roelfsema; Peter J. Mumby (International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2012)

Effects of caffeine on alcohol-related changes in behavioural control and perceived intoxication in light caffeine consumers - Angela S. Attwood; Peter J. Rogers; Alia F. Ataya; Sally Adams; Marcus R. Munafò (Psychopharmacology, 2012)

‘Popping the Clutch’: Novel Mechanisms Regulating Sexual Development in Cryptococcus neoformans - Yoon-Dong Park; Peter R. Williamson (Mycopathologia, 2012)

Measuring the Toughness of Primate Foods and its Ecological Value - Peter W. Lucas; Lynn Copes; Paul J. Constantino; Erin R. Vogel; Janine Chalk; Mauricio Talebi; Mariana Landis; Mark Wagner (International Journal of Primatology, 2012)

Inspiratory muscle training abolishes the blood lactate increase associated with volitional hyperpnoea superimposed on exercise and accelerates lactate and oxygen uptake kinetics at the onset of exercise - Peter I. Brown; Graham R. Sharpe; Michael A. Johnson (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2012)

Short-term street soccer improves fitness and cardiovascular health status of homeless men - Morten B. Randers; Jesper Petersen; Lars Juel Andersen; Birgitte R. Krustrup; Therese Hornstrup; Jens J. Nielsen; Merete Nordentoft; Peter Krustrup (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2012)

The effectiveness of different meso-scale rugosity metrics for predicting intra-habitat variation in coral-reef fish assemblages - Alastair R. Harborne; Peter J. Mumby; Renata Ferrari (Environmental Biology of Fishes, 2012)

Bivariate geostatistical modelling: a review and an application to spatial variation in radon concentrations - Thomas R. Fanshawe; Peter J. Diggle (Environmental and Ecological Statistics, 2012)

Paracrine signalling in colorectal liver metastases involving tumor cell-derived PDGF-C and hepatic stellate cell-derived PAK-2 - Obul R. Bandapalli; Stephan Macher-Goeppinger; Peter Schirmacher; Karsten Brand (Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 2012)

Biophysical feedback mediates effects of invasive grasses on coastal dune shape - Phoebe L. Zarnetske; Sally D. Hacker; Eric W. Seabloom; Peter Ruggiero; Jason R. Killian; Timothy B. Maddux; Daniel Cox (Ecology, 2012)
Vegetation at the aquatic–terrestrial interface can alter landscape features through its growth and interactions with sediment and fluids. Even similar species may impart different effects due to variation in their interactions and feedbacks with the environment. Consequently, replacement of one engineering species by another can cause significant change in the physical environment. Here we investigate the species‐specific ecological mechanisms influencing the geomorphology of U.S. Pacific Northwest coastal dunes. Over the last century, this system changed from open, shifting sand dunes with sparse vegetation (including native beach grass, Elymus mollis ), to densely vegetated continuous foredune ridges resulting from the introduction and subsequent invasions of two nonnative grass species ( Ammophila arenaria and Ammophila breviligulata ), each of which is associated with different dune shapes and sediment supply rates along the coast. Here we propose a biophysical feedback responsible for differences in dune shape, and we investigate two, non‐mutually exclusive ecological mechanisms for these differences: (1) species differ in their ability to capture sand and (2) species differ in their growth habit in response to sand deposition. To investigate sand capture, we used a moveable bed wind tunnel experiment and found that increasing tiller density increased sand capture efficiency and that, under different experimental densities, the native grass had higher sand capture efficiency compared to the Ammophila congeners. However, the greater densities of nonnative grasses under field conditions suggest that they have greater potential to capture more sand overall. We used a mesocosm experiment to look at plant growth responses to sand deposition and found that, in response to increasing sand supply rates, A. arenaria produced higher‐density vertical tillers (characteristic of higher sand capture efficiency), while A. breviligulata and E. mollis responded with lower‐density lateral tiller growth (characteristic of lower sand capture efficiency). Combined, these experiments provide evidence for a species‐specific effect on coastal dune shape. Understanding how dominant ecosystem engineers, especially nonnative ones, differ in their interactions with abiotic factors is necessary to better parameterize coastal vulnerability models and inform management practices related to both coastal protection ecosystem services and ecosystem restoration.

Legumes mitigate ecological consequences of a topographic gradient in a northern Mongolian steppe - Brenda B. Casper; Robert Goldman; Ariuntsetseg Lkhagva; Brent R. Helliker; Alain F. Plante; Laura A. Spence; Pierre Liancourt; Bazartseren Boldgiv; Peter S. Petraitis (Oecologia, 2012)

Impact of sustained deficit irrigation on spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) biomass production, oil yield, and oil quality - Romulus O. Okwany; Troy R. Peters; Kerry L. Ringer; Douglas B. Walsh; Maria Rubio (Irrigation Science, 2012)

Expression and distribution of creatine transporter and creatine kinase (brain isoform) in developing and mature rat cochlear tissues - Ann Chi Yan Wong; Sailakshmi Velamoor; Matthew R. Skelton; Peter R. Thorne; Srdjan M. Vlajkovic (Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 2012)

Human discrimination of translational accelerations - Amir R. Naseri; Peter R. Grant (Experimental Brain Research, 2012)

A comparison of the short-term toxicity of cadmium to indigenous and alien gammarid species - Pieter Boets; Koen Lock; Peter L. M. Goethals; Colin R. Janssen; Karel A. C. De Schamphelaere (Ecotoxicology, 2012)

Climate change projections and stratosphere–troposphere interaction - Adam A. Scaife; Thomas Spangehl; David R. Fereday; Ulrich Cubasch; Ulrike Langematz; Hideharu Akiyoshi; Slimane Bekki; Peter Braesicke; Neal Butchart; Martyn P. Chipperfield; Andrew Gettelman; Steven C. Hardiman; et al. (Climate Dynamics, 2012)

Accounting Carbon Storage in Decaying Root Systems of Harvested Forests - G. Geoff Wang; David H. Van Lear; Huifeng Hu; Peter R. Kapeluck (Ambio, 2012)

Plant Community Composition and Waterfowl Food Production on Wetland Reserve Program Easements Compared to Those on Managed Public Lands in Western Oregon and Washington - Graham R. Evans-Peters; Bruce D. Dugger; Mark J. Petrie (Wetlands, 2012)

Ferric ion (hydr)oxo clusters in the “Venus flytrap” cleft of FbpA: Mössbauer, calorimetric and mass spectrometric studies - Arindam Mukherjee; Paul R. Bilton; Logan Mackay; Adam Janoschka; Haizhong Zhu; Dean Rea; Pat R. R. Langridge-Smith; Dominic J. Campopiano; Thomas Teschner; Alfred X. Trautwein; Volker Schünemann; Peter J. Sadler (JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2012)

A novel approach of homozygous haplotype sharing identifies candidate genes in autism spectrum disorder - Jillian P. Casey; Tiago Magalhaes; Judith M. Conroy; Regina Regan; Naisha Shah; Richard Anney; Denis C. Shields; Brett S. Abrahams; Joana Almeida; Elena Bacchelli; Anthony J. Bailey; Gillian Baird; et al. (Human Genetics, 2012)

Factors associated with diagnostic and treatment intervals for prostate cancer in Queensland, Australia: a large cohort study - Peter D. Baade; Robert A. Gardiner; Megan Ferguson; Danny R. Youlden; Joanne F. Aitken; John Yaxley; Suzanne K. Chambers (Cancer Causes & Control, 2012)

Vulnerability of the northern Mongolian steppe to climate change: insights from flower production and phenology - Pierre Liancourt; Laura A. Spence; Bazartseren Boldgiv; Ariuntsetseg Lkhagva; Brent R. Helliker; Brenda B. Casper; Peter S. Petraitis (Ecology, 2012)
The semiarid, northern Mongolian steppe, which still supports pastoral nomads who have used the steppe for millennia, has experienced an average 1.7°C temperature rise over the past 40 years. Continuing climate change is likely to affect flowering phenology and flower numbers with potentially important consequences for plant community composition, ecosystem services, and herder livelihoods. Over the growing seasons of 2009 and 2010, we examined flowering responses to climate manipulation using open‐top passive warming chambers (OTCs) at two locations on a south‐facing slope: one on the moister, cooler lower slope and the other on the drier, warmer upper slope, where a watering treatment was added in a factorial design with warming. Canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP) revealed that OTCs reduced flower production and delayed peak flowering in graminoids as a whole but only affected forbs on the upper slope, where peak flowering was also delayed. OTCs affected flowering phenology in seven of eight species, which were examined individually, either by altering the time of peak flowering and/or the onset and/or cessation of flowering, as revealed by survival analysis. In 2010, which was the drier year, OTCs reduced flower production in two grasses but increased production in an annual forb found only on the upper slope. The particular effects of OTCs on phenology, and whether they caused an extension or contraction of the flowering season, differed among species, and often depended on year, or slope, or watering treatment; however, a relatively strong pattern emerged for 2010 when four species showed a contraction of the flowering season in OTCs. Watering increased flower production in two species in 2010, but slope location more often affected flowering phenology than did watering. Our results show the importance of taking landscape‐scale variation into account in climate change studies and also contrasted with those of several studies set in cold, but wetter systems, where warming often causes greater or accelerated flower production. In cold, water‐limited systems like the Mongolian steppe, warming may reduce flower numbers or the length of the flowering season by adding to water stress more than it relieves cold stress.

Unveiling cryptic species of the bumblebee subgenus Bombus s. str. worldwide with COI barcodes (Hymenoptera: Apidae) - Paul H. Williams; Mark J.F. Brown; James C. Carolan; Jiandong An; Dave Goulson; A. Murat Aytekin; Lincoln R. Best; Alexandr M. Byvaltsev; Björn Cederberg; Robert Dawson; Jiaxing Huang; Masao Ito; et al. (Systematics and Biodiversity, 2012)

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