Local antibiotic delivery with demineralized bone matrix - Christine S. Lewis; Peter R. Supronowicz; Rasa M. Zhukauskas; Elise Gill; Ronald R. Cobb (Cell and Tissue Banking, 2012)

Delayed maturation of multiple signals in a migratory songbird - Ryan R. Germain; Matthew W. Reudink; Peter P. Marra; Peter T. Boag; Laurene M. Ratcliffe (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2012)

Connectivity of Caribbean coral populations: complementary insights from empirical and modelled gene flow - NICOLA L. FOSTER; CLAIRE B. PARIS; JOHNATHAN T. KOOL; ILIANA B. BAUMS; JAMIE R. STEVENS; JUAN A. SANCHEZ; CAROLINA BASTIDAS; CLAUDIA AGUDELO; PHILLIPPE BUSH; OWEN DAY; RENATA FERRARI; PATRICIA GONZALEZ; et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2012)
Understanding patterns of connectivity among populations of marine organisms is essential for the development of realistic, spatially explicit models of population dynamics. Two approaches, empirical genetic patterns and oceanographic dispersal modelling, have been used to estimate levels of evolutionary connectivity among marine populations but rarely have their potentially complementary insights been combined. Here, a spatially realistic Lagrangian model of larval dispersal and a theoretical genetic model are integrated with the most extensive study of gene flow in a Caribbean marine organism. The 871 genets collected from 26 sites spread over the wider Caribbean subsampled 45.8% of the 1900 potential unique genets in the model. At a coarse scale, significant consensus between modelled estimates of genetic structure and empirical genetic data for populations of the reef‐building coral Montastraea annularis is observed. However, modelled and empirical data differ in their estimates of connectivity among northern Mesoamerican reefs indicating that processes other than dispersal may dominate here. Further, the geographic location and porosity of the previously described east–west barrier to gene flow in the Caribbean is refined. A multi‐prong approach, integrating genetic data and spatially realistic models of larval dispersal and genetic projection, provides complementary insights into the processes underpinning population connectivity in marine invertebrates on evolutionary timescales.

Changes in seed dispersal processes and the potential for between‐patch connectivity for an arid land daisy - Louise M. Emmerson; José M. Facelli; Peter Chesson; Hugh Possingham; Jemery R. Day (Ecology, 2012)
Dispersal is a major and critical process in population biology that has been particularly challenging to study. Animals can have major roles in seed dispersal even in species that do not appear specifically adapted to animal‐aided dispersal. This can occur by two processes: direct movement of diaspores by animals and modification of landscape characteristics by animals in ways that greatly influence dispersal. We exploited the production of large, persistent dispersal structures (seed heads, henceforth) by Erodiophyllum elderi (Asteraceae), a daisy from arid Australia, to further understand secondary dispersal. Seed head dispersal on and off animal tracks in eight E. elderi patches was monitored for 9.5 months by periodically recording the location of marked seed heads. Sites were located inside a reserve that excludes sheep but not kangaroos, and in a nearby area with both kangaroos and sheep. The distance moved and likelihood of seed head movement was higher in areas with sheep, and especially along animal tracks. There was clear evidence that seed heads were channeled down animal tracks during large rainfall events. Seed head dispersal away from patches occurred to a limited extent via their physical contact with sheep and potentially via wind dispersal. Thus, the advantages of this study system allowed us to demonstrate the two postulated effects of herbivores on dispersal via direct movement of seed heads, and two distinct indirect effects through landscape modification by herbivores from the creation of animal tracks and the denudation of vegetation.

Analysis of quantitative disease resistance to southern leaf blight and of multiple disease resistance in maize, using near-isogenic lines - Araby R. Belcher; John C. Zwonitzer; Jose Santa Cruz; Mathew D. Krakowsky; Chia-Lin Chung; Rebecca Nelson; Consuelo Arellano; Peter J. Balint-Kurti (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2012)

Temporal and spatial variation in how vegetation alters the soil moisture response to climate manipulation - Pierre Liancourt; Anarmaa Sharkhuu; Lkhagva Ariuntsetseg; Bazartseren Boldgiv; Brent R. Helliker; Alain F. Plante; Peter S. Petraitis; Brenda B. Casper (Plant and Soil, 2012)

BACE1 Elevation is Involved in Amyloid Plaque Development in the Triple Transgenic Model of Alzheimer’s Disease: Differential Aβ Antibody Labeling of Early-Onset Axon Terminal Pathology - Yan Cai; Xue-Mei Zhang; Lauren N. Macklin; Huaibin Cai; Xue-Gang Luo; Salvatore Oddo; Frank M. LaFerla; Robert G. Struble; Gregory M. Rose; Peter R. Patrylo; Xiao-Xin Yan (Neurotoxicity Research, 2012)

GPS and time-depth loggers reveal underwater foraging plasticity in a flying diver, the Cape Cormorant - Timothée R. Cook; Maike Hamann; Lorien Pichegru; Francesco Bonadonna; David Grémillet; Peter G. Ryan (Marine Biology, 2012)

Canine models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and their use in therapeutic strategies - Joe N. Kornegay; Janet R. Bogan; Daniel J. Bogan; Martin K. Childers; Juan Li; Peter Nghiem; David A. Detwiler; C. Aaron Larsen; Robert W. Grange; Ratna K. Bhavaraju-Sanka; Sandra Tou; Bruce P. Keene; et al. (Mammalian Genome, 2012)

Meta-analysis of new genome-wide association studies of colorectal cancer risk - Ulrike Peters; Carolyn M. Hutter; Li Hsu; Fredrick R. Schumacher; David V. Conti; Christopher S. Carlson; Christopher K. Edlund; Robert W. Haile; Steven Gallinger; Brent W. Zanke; Mathieu Lemire; Jagadish Rangrej; et al. (Human Genetics, 2012)

Synchronous whole-body vibration increases VO2 during and following acute exercise - Tom J. Hazell; Peter W. R. Lemon (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2012)

Potential climatic transitions with profound impact on Europe - Anders Levermann; Jonathan L. Bamber; Sybren Drijfhout; Andrey Ganopolski; Winfried Haeberli; Neil R. P. Harris; Matthias Huss; Kirstin Krüger; Timothy M. Lenton; Ronald W. Lindsay; Dirk Notz; Peter Wadhams; et al. (Climatic Change, 2012)

Transgenic production of arachidonic acid in oilseeds - James R. Petrie; Pushkar Shrestha; Srinivas Belide; Maged P. Mansour; Qing Liu; James Horne; Peter D. Nichols; Surinder P. Singh (Transgenic Research, 2012)

Invasion hotspots for non‐native plants in A ustralia under current and future climates - Jessica O'Donnell; Rachael V. Gallagher; Peter D. Wilson; Paul O. Downey; Lesley Hughes; Michelle R. Leishman (Global Change Biology, 2012)
We apply the concept of biodiversity hotspot analysis (the identification of biogeographical regions of high species diversity) to identify invasion hotspots – areas of potentially suitable climate for multiple non‐native plant species – in Australia under current and future climates. We used the species distribution model Maxent to model climate suitability surfaces for 72 taxa, recognized as ‘Weeds of National Significance’ (Wo NS ) in Australia, under current and projected climate for 2020 and 2050. Current climate suitability layers were summed across all 72 species, and we observed two regions of high climatic suitability corresponding to the top 25th percentile of combined climatic suitability values across Australia. We defined these as potential invasion hotspots. Areas of climatic suitability equivalent to the hotspot regions were identified in the composite maps for 2020 and 2050, to track spatial changes in the hotspots over the two time steps. Two potential invasion hotspot regions were identified under current and projected climates: the south west corner of Western Australia ( SW ), and south eastern Australia ( SE ). Herbarium data confirmed the presence of 73% and 99% of those species predicted to be in each hotspot respectively, suggesting that the SE has greater invasion potential. The area of both hotspots was predicted to retract southward and towards the coast under future climate scenarios, reducing in size by 81% ( SW ) and 71% ( SE ) by 2050. This reduction was driven by the dominance of southern temperate invasive plant species in the Wo NS list (47 of the 72), of which 44 were predicted to experience reductions in their bioclimatic range by 2050. While climate is likely to become less suitable for the majority of Wo NS in the future, potential invasion hotspots based on climate suitability are likely to remain in the far south of eastern Australia, and in the far south west of Western Australia by 2050.

A riverscape perspective of Pacific salmonids and aquatic habitats prior to large‐scale dam removal in the Elwha River, Washington, USA - S. J. BRENKMAN; J. J. DUDA; C. E. TORGERSEN; E. WELTY; G. R. PESS; R. PETERS; M. L. MCHENRY (Fisheries Management and Ecology, 2012)
Dam removal has been increasingly proposed as a river restoration technique. In 2011, two large hydroelectric dams will be removed from Washington State’s Elwha River. Ten anadromous fish populations are expected to recolonise historical habitats after dam removal. A key to understanding watershed recolonisation is the collection of spatially continuous information on fish and aquatic habitats. A riverscape approach with an emphasis on biological data has rarely been applied in mid‐sized, wilderness rivers, particularly in consecutive years prior to dam removal. Concurrent snorkel and habitat surveys were conducted from the headwaters to the mouth (rkm 65–0) of the Elwha River in 2007 and 2008. This riverscape approach characterised the spatial extent, assemblage structure and patterns of relative density of Pacific salmonids. The presence of dams influenced the longitudinal patterns of fish assemblages, and species richness was the highest downstream of the dams, where anadromous salmonids still have access. The percent composition of salmonids was similar in both years for rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), coastal cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii (Richardson) (89%; 88%), Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum) (8%; 9%), and bull trout, Salvelinus confluentus (Suckley) (3% in both years). Spatial patterns of abundance for rainbow and cutthroat trout ( r = 0.76) and bull trout ( r = 0.70) were also consistent between years. Multivariate and univariate methods detected differences in habitat structure along the river profile caused by natural and anthropogenic factors. The riverscape view highlighted species‐specific biological hotspots and revealed that 60–69% of federally threatened bull trout occurred near or below the dams. Spatially continuous surveys will be vital in evaluating the effectiveness of upcoming dam removal projects at restoring anadromous salmonids.

Geographic variation in cranial morphology of narwhals (Monodon monoceros) from Greenland and the eastern Canadian Arctic - Øystein Wiig; Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen; Kristin L. Laidre; Eva Garde; Randall R. Reeves (Polar Biology, 2012)

S saturation history of Nain Plutonic Suite mafic intrusions: origin of the Voisey’s Bay Ni–Cu–Co sulfide deposit, Labrador, Canada - Peter C. Lightfoot; Reid R. Keays; Dawn Evans-Lamswood; Robert Wheeler (Mineralium Deposita, 2012)

Sulfide saturation history of the Stillwater Complex, Montana: chemostratigraphic variation in platinum group elements - Reid R. Keays; Peter C. Lightfoot; Paul R. Hamlyn (Mineralium Deposita, 2012)

Hydrological Conditions Control P Loading and Aquatic Metabolism in an Oligotrophic, Subtropical Estuary - Gregory R. Koch; Daniel L. Childers; Peter A. Staehr; René M. Price; Stephen E. Davis; Evelyn E. Gaiser (Estuaries and Coasts, 2012)

Seasonal and Spatial Effects of Wastewater Effluent on Growth, Survival, and Accumulation of Microbial Contaminants by Oysters in Mobile Bay, Alabama - Peter J. Biancani; Ruth H. Carmichael; Joshua H. Daskin; William Burkhardt; Kevin R. Calci (Estuaries and Coasts, 2012)

Induction of expression of a 14-3-3 gene in response to copper exposure in the marine alga, Fucus vesiculosus - Jennifer R. Owen; Ceri A. Morris; Beate Nicolaus; John L. Harwood; Peter Kille (Ecotoxicology, 2012)

Neuroanatomic changes and their association with cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis - Thomas Nickl-Jockschat; Alexandra Kleiman; Jörg B. Schulz; Frank Schneider; Angela R. Laird; Peter T. Fox; Simon B. Eickhoff; Kathrin Reetz (Brain Structure and Function, 2012)

Nest box design for the study of diurnal raptors and owls is still an overlooked point in ecological, evolutionary and conservation studies: a review - Marcel M. Lambrechts; Karen L. Wiebe; Peter Sunde; Tapio Solonen; Fabrizio Sergio; Alexandre Roulin; Anders Pape Møller; Bernat C. López; Juan A. Fargallo; Klaus-Michael Exo; Giacomo Dell’Omo; David Costantini; et al. (Journal of Ornithology, 2012)

Changes in stomatal frequency, stomatal conductance and cuticle thickness during leaf expansion in the broad-leaved evergreen species, Eucalyptus regnans - Jacqueline R. England; Peter M. Attiwill (Trees, 2011)

The Neuroprotective Effect of Genetic Mannose-Binding Lectin Deficiency Is Not Sustained in the Subacute Phase of Stroke - Andrew F. Ducruet; Sergey A. Sosunov; Brad E. Zacharia; Justin Gorski; Mason L. Yeh; Peter DeRosa; Gregory Cohen; Paul R. Gigante; E. Sander Connolly (Translational Stroke Research, 2011)

Translational PK–PD modelling of molecular target modulation for the AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator Org 26576 - Roberta Bursi; Gul Erdemli; Robert Campbell; Matthew M. Hutmacher; Thomas Kerbusch; David Spanswick; Ross Jeggo; Kari R. Nations; Peter Dogterom; Jacques Schipper; Mohammed Shahid (Psychopharmacology, 2011)

Plant and microbial strategies to improve the phosphorus efficiency of agriculture - Alan E. Richardson; Jonathan P. Lynch; Peter R. Ryan; Emmanuel Delhaize; F. Andrew Smith; Sally E. Smith; Paul R. Harvey; Megan H. Ryan; Erik J. Veneklaas; Hans Lambers; Astrid Oberson; Richard A. Culvenor; et al. (Plant and Soil, 2011)

Managing agricultural phosphorus for water quality protection: principles for progress - Peter J. A. Kleinman; Andrew N. Sharpley; Richard W. McDowell; Don N. Flaten; Anthony R. Buda; Liang Tao; Lars Bergstrom; Qing Zhu (Plant and Soil, 2011)

Strategies and agronomic interventions to improve the phosphorus-use efficiency of farming systems - Richard J. Simpson; Astrid Oberson; Richard A. Culvenor; Megan H. Ryan; Erik J. Veneklaas; Hans Lambers; Jonathan P. Lynch; Peter R. Ryan; Emmanuel Delhaize; F. Andrew Smith; Sally E. Smith; Paul R. Harvey; et al. (Plant and Soil, 2011)

Simulated nitrogen deposition affects wood decomposition by cord-forming fungi - Daniel P. Bebber; Sarah C. Watkinson; Lynne Boddy; Peter R. Darrah (Oecologia, 2011)

Body Integrity Identity Disorder: Deranged Body Processing, Right Fronto-Parietal Dysfunction, and Phenomenological Experience of Body Incongruity - Melita J. Giummarra; John L. Bradshaw; Michael E. R. Nicholls; Leonie M. Hilti; Peter Brugger (Neuropsychology Review, 2011)

Impacts of plantation forest management on soil organic matter quality - Zhiqun Huang; Peter W. Clinton; Murray R. Davis; Yusheng Yang (Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2011)

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and its receptor hnRNP M are mediators of metastasis and the inflammatory response in the liver - Peter Thomas; R. Armour Forse; Olga Bajenova (Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 2011)

In Vitro and In Vivo Performance Evaluation of the Second Developmental Version of the PediaFlow Pediatric Ventricular Assist Device - Timothy M. Maul; Ergin Kocyildirim; Carl A. Johnson; Amanda R. Daly; Salim E. Olia; Joshua R. Woolley; Shaun Snyder; Shawn G. Bengston; Marina V. Kameneva; James F. Antaki; William R. Wagner; Harvey S. Borovetz; et al. (Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology, 2011)

Pacific Rim Forestry / Silviculture and Forest Ecology - Vishal Singh Negi; Archana Pal; Ratnesh Singh; Dulal Borthakur; Archana Pala; Vishal Singh Negi; Dulal Borthakur; Isabel Rushanaedy; Tyler Jones; Nicklos Dudley; Dulal Borthakur; Jannai Yafuso; et al. (Journal of Forestry, 2011)
Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) is an important agroforestry tree of tropics and subtropics due to its protein rich foliages, ability to grow on poor soils, and high level of tolerance to various stresses including drought and diseases. We hypothesized that leucaena have a unique set of genes which confer tolerance to various abiotic and biotic stresses and these genes are either absent or not expressed in other legumes that are susceptible to these stress conditions. Interspecies suppression subtractive hybridization (iSSH) was performed to identify some unique genes from leucaena using cDNAs from leucaena and Acacia confusa (acacia) as the tester and driver, respectively. We identified 100 leucaena genes showing homology to various plant genes with known functions, of which 23 genes had homology to various stress-related proteins including chitinase, PR-10 protein, wound-stress protein, type-2 metallothionein, thaumatin-like protein, disease resistance response protein, cysteine proteinase, and kunitz trypsin inhibitor. We also identified 50 leucaena genes which either had homology to hypothetical proteins (HyPs) or had no homology at all. Putative functions of 15 HyPs were predicted using conserved domain and PSI-BLAST analyses. Linear motif analyses identified 17 HyPs with MAPK recognition motif, which is involved in signaling pathways, including stress responses. This study identified 23 known and some putative unique stress-related genes from leucaena which may serve as a useful source of stress-tolerance genes for tree and crop improvement in the future.

Multiple Effects of Changes in Arctic Snow Cover - Terry V. Callaghan; Margareta Johansson; Ross D. Brown; Pavel Ya. Groisman; Niklas Labba; Vladimir Radionov; Raymond S. Bradley; Sylvie Blangy; Olga N. Bulygina; Torben R. Christensen; Jonathan E. Colman; Richard L. H. Essery; et al. (Ambio, 2011)

Haplotype structure in Ashkenazi Jewish BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers - Kate M. Im; Tomas Kirchhoff; Xianshu Wang; Todd Green; Clement Y. Chow; Joseph Vijai; Joshua Korn; Mia M. Gaudet; Zachary Fredericksen; V. Shane Pankratz; Candace Guiducci; Andrew Crenshaw; et al. (Human Genetics, 2011)

Dependence of Forest Structure and Dynamics on Substrate Age and Ecosystem Development - James R. Kellner; Gregory P. Asner; Peter M. Vitousek; Michael A. Tweiten; Sara Hotchkiss; Oliver A. Chadwick (Ecosystems, 2011)

Protein phosphatase 2A affects myofilament contractility in non-failing but not in failing human myocardium - Paul J. M. Wijnker; Peter Boknik; Ulrich Gergs; Frank U. Müller; Joachim Neumann; Cris dos Remedios; Wilhelm Schmitz; Jürgen R. Sindermann; Ger J. M. Stienen; Jolanda van der Velden; Uwe Kirchhefer (Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility, 2011)

Comparative effects of urea, ammonium, and nitrate on phytoplankton abundance, community composition, and toxicity in hypereutrophic freshwaters - Derek B. Donald; Matthew J. Bogard; Kerri Finlay; Peter R. Leavitt (Limnology and Oceanography, 2011)
Dissolved nitrogen (N) as urea ([NH 2 ] 2 CO), nitrate (NO ‐ 3 ), and ammonium (NH + 4 ) was added to naturally phosphorus (P)‐rich lake water (up to 175 µg P L ‐1 ) to test the hypotheses that pollution of hypereutrophic lakes with N increases total algal abundance, alters community composition, and favors toxic cyanobacteria that do not fix atmospheric N 2 . Monthly experiments were conducted in triplicate in polymictic Wascana Lake, Saskatchewan, Canada, during July, August, and September 2008 using large (> 3140 liters) enclosures. Addition of all forms of N added at 6 mg N L ‐1 increased total algal abundance (as chlorophyll a ) by up to 350% relative to controls during August and September, when soluble reactive P (SRP) was > 50 µg P L ‐1 and dissolved N : P was + 4 and urea favored non‐heterocystous cyanobacteria and chlorophytes and NO ‐ 3 , urea promoted chlorophytes, some cyanobacteria, and transient blooms of siliceous algae, whereas N 2 ‐fixing cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates exhibited little response to added N. Added N also increased microcystin production by up to 13‐fold in August and September, although the magnitude of response varied with N species and predominant algal taxon ( Planktothrix agardhii , Microcystis spp.). These findings demonstrate that pollution with N intensifies eutrophication and algal toxicity in lakes with elevated concentrations of SRP and low N : P, and that the magnitude of these effects depends on the chemical form, and hence source, of N.

Effects of floral neighborhood on seed set and degree of outbreeding in a high-alpine cushion plant - Lea R. Wirth; Nickolas M. Waser; René Graf; Felix Gugerli; Urs Landergott; Andreas Erhardt; Hans Peter Linder; Rolf Holderegger (Oecologia, 2011)

Singing Under the Influence: Examining the Effects of Nutrition and Addiction on a Learned Vocal Behavior - Peter V. Lovell; Christopher R. Olson; Claudio V. Mello (Molecular Neurobiology, 2011)

Microdeletion/microduplication of proximal 15q11.2 between BP1 and BP2: a susceptibility region for neurological dysfunction including developmental and language delay - Rachel D. Burnside; Romela Pasion; Fady M. Mikhail; Andrew J. Carroll; Nathaniel H. Robin; Erin L. Youngs; Inder K. Gadi; Elizabeth Keitges; Vikram L. Jaswaney; Peter R. Papenhausen; Venkateswara R. Potluri; Hiba Risheg; et al. (Human Genetics, 2011)

The determinants of serum vitamin D levels in participants in a melanoma case–control study living in a temperate climate - John R. Davies; Yu-Mei Chang; Helen Snowden; May Chan; Susan Leake; Birute Karpavicius; Sue Haynes; Kairen Kukalizch; Juliette Randerson-Moor; Faye Elliott; Julian Barth; Peter A. Kanetsky; et al. (Cancer Causes & Control, 2011)

Analysis of the mouse 129-strain Nkrp1-Clr gene cluster reveals conservation of genomic organization and functional receptor–ligand interactions despite significant allelic polymorphism - Peter Chen; Simon Bélanger; Oscar A. Aguilar; Qiang Zhang; Aaron St.-Laurent; M. Munir Ahmad Rahim; Andrew P. Makrigiannis; James R. Carlyle (Immunogenetics, 2011)

Effects of Vegetation Removal and Urea Application on Iron and Nitrogen Redox Chemistry in Riparian Forested Soils - Junu Shrestha; Jean Christophe Clément; Joan G. Ehrenfeld; Peter R. Jaffe (Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2011)

Seed Potato Quality Improvement through Positive Selection by Smallholder Farmers in Kenya - Peter R. Gildemacher; Elmar Schulte-Geldermann; Dinah Borus; Paul Demo; Peter Kinyae; Pauline Mundia; Paul C. Struik (Potato Research, 2011)

The Tyndall coastal simulator - Mustafa Mokrech; Susan Hanson; Robert J. Nicholls; Judith Wolf; Mike Walkden; Corentin M. Fontaine; Sophie Nicholson-Cole; Simon R. Jude; James Leake; Peter Stansby; Andrew R. Watkinson; Mark D. A. Rounsevell; et al. (Journal of Coastal Conservation, 2011)

Reasons for participating and genetic information needs among racially and ethnically diverse biobank participants: a focus group study - Samantha A. Streicher; Saskia C. Sanderson; Ethylin Wang Jabs; Michael Diefenbach; Meg Smirnoff; Inga Peter; Carol R. Horowitz; Barbara Brenner; Lynne D. Richardson (Journal of Community Genetics, 2011)

Lessons Learned While Integrating Habitat, Dispersal, Disturbance, and Life-History Traits into Species Habitat Models Under Climate Change - Louis R. Iverson; Anantha M. Prasad; Stephen N. Matthews; Matthew P. Peters (Ecosystems, 2011)

On the utility of identification schemes for digital earth science data: an assessment and recommendations - Ruth E. Duerr; Robert R. Downs; Curt Tilmes; Bruce Barkstrom; W. Christopher Lenhardt; Joseph Glassy; Luis E. Bermudez; Peter Slaughter (Earth Science Informatics, 2011)

Serum insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 levels with risk of malignant melanoma - Sungshim Lani Park; Veronica Wendy Setiawan; Peter A. Kanetsky; Zuo-Feng Zhang; Lynne R. Wilkens; Laurence N. Kolonel; Loïc Le Marchand (Cancer Causes & Control, 2011)

Inorganic nitrogen assimilation and regeneration in the coastal upwelling region of the Iberian Peninsula - Darren R. Clark; Peter I. Miller; E. Malcolm; S. Woodward; Andrew P. Rees (Limnology and Oceanography, 2011)
N‐regeneration and N‐assimilation rates were investigated in surface waters of the Iberian Peninsula, northeast Atlantic, during a period of seasonal upwelling. Stations were selected on the basis of near–real‐time remotely sensed data to provide a contrast between upwelling and oligotrophic conditions. Inorganic nitrogen (NO − 3 and NH + 4 ) was simultaneously regenerated and assimilated in the short term (i.e., hours), highlighting the importance of N‐regeneration in sustaining productivity. The regeneration of both NH + 4 and NO − 3 would introduce error in N‐assimilation rate estimations using 15 N techniques, if not accounted for. The rate of ammonium assimilation ( ρ NH + 4 ) frequently exceeded the rate of NO − 3 assimilation ( ρ NO − 3 ). Although the assimilation of NO − 3 and NH + 4 continued at night, dark NO − 3 assimilation was lower than during the day. The separate oxidation steps of the nitrification process occurred at similar rates at most stations, and NO − 2 oxidation made a significant, but variable, contribution to hourly phytoplankton NO − 3 uptake. NO − 2 accumulated in near‐surface waters of stations experiencing upwelling, suggesting an imbalance between production and consumption. At these stations, NO − 2 release by phytoplankton may have stimulated NO − 2 oxidation, uncoupling it from NH + 4 oxidation. 15 N‐based f‐ratio as an estimate of exportable production must be corrected for isotope dilution, and this requires information on NH + 4 regeneration and nitrification rate; in addition, the assumed close coupling between the separate oxidation steps of nitrification must be verified. These corrections may be especially pertinent to upwelling regions, which represent an important route for new‐N input to the surface ocean.

A comparison of the diets of silver ( Seriolella punctata ) and white ( Seriolella caerulea ) warehou - Peter L. Horn; Tim Burrell; Amelia Connell; Matthew R. Dunn (Marine Biology Research, 2011)

Litterfall and associated nutrient pools extend beyond the canopy of scattered eucalypt trees in temperate pastures - Phoebe Barnes; Brian R. Wilson; Nick Reid; Terry B. Koen; Peter Lockwood; David W. Lamb (Plant and Soil, 2011)

Effect of biochar amendment on the soil-atmosphere exchange of greenhouse gases from an intensive subtropical pasture in northern New South Wales, Australia - Clemens Scheer; Peter R. Grace; David W. Rowlings; Stephen Kimber; Lukas Van Zwieten (Plant and Soil, 2011)

Pyruvate dehydrogenase inhibition by the inflammatory cytokine TNFα contributes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension - Gopinath Sutendra; Peter Dromparis; Sébastien Bonnet; Alois Haromy; Michael S. McMurtry; R. Chris Bleackley; Evangelos D. Michelakis (Journal of Molecular Medicine, 2011)

Troop Size, Habitat Use, and Diet of Chacma Baboons (Papio hamadryas ursinus) in Commercial Pine Plantations: Implications for Management - S. Peter Henzi; Leslie R. Brown; Louise Barrett; A. J. Marais (International Journal of Primatology, 2011)

Paternal genotype reconstruction reveals multiple paternity and sex ratios in a breeding population of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) - Kelly R. Stewart; Peter H. Dutton (Conservation Genetics, 2011)

Uniformity of rotavirus strain nomenclature proposed by the Rotavirus Classification Working Group (RCWG) - Jelle Matthijnssens; Max Ciarlet; Sarah M. McDonald; Houssam Attoui; Krisztián Bányai; J. Rodney Brister; Javier Buesa; Mathew D. Esona; Mary K. Estes; Jon R. Gentsch; Miren Iturriza-Gómara; Reimar Johne; et al. (Archives of Virology, 2011)

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and breast cancer risk: differences by molecular subtype - Theodore M. Brasky; Matthew R. Bonner; Kirsten B. Moysich; Christine B. Ambrosone; Jing Nie; Meng Hua Tao; Stephen B. Edge; Bhaskar V. S. Kallakury; Catalin Marian; David S. Goerlitz; Maurizio Trevisan; Peter G. Shields; et al. (Cancer Causes & Control, 2011)

A Multi-Year Record of Methane Flux at the Mer Bleue Bog, Southern Canada - Tim R. Moore; Allison De Young; Jill L. Bubier; Elyn R. Humphreys; Peter M. Lafleur; Nigel T. Roulet (Ecosystems, 2011)

Subcortical brain atrophy persists even in HAART-regulated HIV disease - James T. Becker; Joanne Sanders; Sarah K. Madsen; Ann Ragin; Lawrence Kingsley; Victoria Maruca; Bruce Cohen; Karl Goodkin; Eileen Martin; Eric N. Miller; Ned Sacktor; Jeffery R. Alger; et al. (Brain Imaging and Behavior, 2011)

Support for maternal manipulation of developmental nutrition in a facultatively eusocial bee, Megalopta genalis (Halictidae) - Karen M. Kapheim; Sandra P. Bernal; Adam R. Smith; Peter Nonacs; William T. Wcislo (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2011)

Isolation by oceanographic distance explains genetic structure for Macrocystis pyrifera in the Santa Barbara Channel - FILIPE ALBERTO; PETER T. RAIMONDI; DANIEL C. REED; JAMES R. WATSON; DAVID A. SIEGEL; SATOSHI MITARAI; NELSON COELHO; ESTER A. SERRÃO (Molecular Ecology, 2011)
Ocean currents are expected to be the predominant environmental factor influencing the dispersal of planktonic larvae or spores; yet, their characterization as predictors of marine connectivity has been hindered by a lack of understanding of how best to use oceanographic data. We used a high‐resolution oceanographic model output and Lagrangian particle simulations to derive oceanographic distances (hereafter called transport times) between sites studied for Macrocystis pyrifera genetic differentiation. We build upon the classical isolation‐by‐distance regression model by asking how much additional variability in genetic differentiation is explained when adding transport time as predictor. We explored the extent to which gene flow is dependent upon seasonal changes in ocean circulation. Because oceanographic transport between two sites is inherently asymmetric, we also compare the explanatory power of models using the minimum or the mean transport times. Finally, we compare the direction of connectivity as estimated by the oceanographic model and genetic assignment tests. We show that the minimum transport time had higher explanatory power than the mean transport time, revealing the importance of considering asymmetry in ocean currents when modelling gene flow. Genetic assignment tests were much less effective in determining asymmetry in gene flow. Summer‐derived transport times, in particular for the month of June, which had the strongest current speed, greatest asymmetry and highest spore production, resulted in the best‐fit model explaining twice the variability in genetic differentiation relative to models that use geographic distance or habitat continuity. The best overall model also included habitat continuity and explained 65% of the variation in genetic differentiation among sites.

Molecular basis of seed lipoxygenase null traits in soybean line OX948 - Yarmilla Reinprecht; Shun-Yan Luk-Labey; Kangfu Yu; Vaino W. Poysa; Istvan Rajcan; Gary R. Ablett; K. Peter Pauls (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2011)

The involvement of a protein kinase in phototaxis and gravitaxis of Euglena gracilis - Viktor Daiker; Donat-P. Häder; Peter R. Richter; Michael Lebert (Planta, 2011)

Interaction between Cu toxicity and P deficiency in soil-grown cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) - Tia R. Northfield; Anna R. Sheldon; Peter M. Kopittke; Neal W. Menzies (Plant and Soil, 2011)

Foraging patterns of acorn woodpeckers (Melanerpes formicivorus) on valley oak (Quercus lobata Née) in two California oak savanna-woodlands - Douglas G. Scofield; Victor Ryan Alfaro; Victoria L. Sork; Delphine Grivet; Edith Martinez; Jeannette Papp; Andrea R. Pluess; Walter D. Koenig; Peter E. Smouse (Oecologia, 2011)

Perinatal asphyxia: current status and approaches towards neuroprotective strategies, with focus on sentinel proteins - Mario Herrera-Marschitz; Paola Morales; Lisette Leyton; Diego Bustamante; Verena Klawitter; Pablo Espina-Marchant; Camilo Allende; Francisco Lisboa; Gabriel Cunich; Antonella Jara-Cavieres; Tanya Neira; Manuel A. Gutierrez-Hernandez; et al. (Neurotoxicity Research, 2011)

Review: The Yucatán Peninsula karst aquifer, Mexico - Peter Bauer-Gottwein; Bibi R. N. Gondwe; Guillaume Charvet; Luis E. Marín; Mario Rebolledo-Vieyra; Gonzalo Merediz-Alonso (Hydrogeology Journal, 2011)

College and University Environmental Programs as a Policy Problem (Part 1): Integrating Knowledge, Education, and Action for a Better World? - Susan G. Clark; Murray B. Rutherford; Matthew R. Auer; David N. Cherney; Richard L. Wallace; David J. Mattson; Douglas A. Clark; Lee Foote; Naomi Krogman; Peter Wilshusen; Toddi Steelman (Environmental Management, 2011)

College and University Environmental Programs as a Policy Problem (Part 2): Strategies for Improvement - Susan G. Clark; Murray B. Rutherford; Matthew R. Auer; David N. Cherney; Richard L. Wallace; David J. Mattson; Douglas A. Clark; Lee Foote; Naomi Krogman; Peter Wilshusen; Toddi Steelman (Environmental Management, 2011)

Erratum to: A new species of Caryospora Léger, 1904 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the endangered Round Island boa Casarea dussumieri (Schlegel) (Serpentes: Bolyeridae) of Round Island, Mauritius: an endangered parasite? - Peter Daszak; Stanley J. Ball; Daniel G. Streicker; Carl G. Jones; Keith R. Snow (Systematic Parasitology, 2011)

Density-Related Volatile Emissions and Responses in the Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum - Adrian J. Duehl; R. T. Arbogast; Peter E. A. Teal (Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2011)

Structural gene variants in the porcine mannose-binding lectin 1 (MBL1) gene are associated with low serum MBL-A concentrations - Helle R. Juul-Madsen; Rikke M. Kjærup; Charlotte Toft; Mark Henryon; Peter M. H. Heegaard; Peer Berg; Tina S. Dalgaard (Immunogenetics, 2011)

Functional analysis of frequently expressed Chinese rhesus macaque MHC class I molecules Mamu-A1*02601 and Mamu-B*08301 reveals HLA-A2 and HLA-A3 supertypic specificities - Scott Southwood; Christopher Solomon; Ilka Hoof; Richard Rudersdorf; John Sidney; Bjoern Peters; Angela Wahl; Oriana Hawkins; William Hildebrand; Bianca R. Mothé; Alessandro Sette (Immunogenetics, 2011)

Genetic signature of population fragmentation varies with mobility in seven bird species of a fragmented Kenyan cloud forest - TOM CALLENS; PETER GALBUSERA; ERIK MATTHYSEN; ERIC Y. DURAND; MWANGI GITHIRU; JEROEN R. HUYGHE; LUC LENS (Molecular Ecology, 2011)
Habitat fragmentation can restrict geneflow, reduce neighbourhood effective population size, and increase genetic drift and inbreeding in small, isolated habitat remnants. The extent to which habitat fragmentation leads to population fragmentation, however, differs among landscapes and taxa. Commonly, researchers use information on the current status of a species to predict population effects of habitat fragmentation. Such methods, however, do not convey information on species‐specific responses to fragmentation. Here, we compare levels of past population differentiation, estimated from microsatellite genotypes, with contemporary dispersal rates, estimated from multi‐strata capture–recapture models, to infer changes in mobility over time in seven sympatric, forest‐dependent bird species of a Kenyan cloud forest archipelago. Overall, populations of sedentary species were more strongly differentiated and clustered compared to those of vagile ones, while geographical patterning suggested an important role of landscape structure in shaping genetic variation. However, five of seven species with broadly similar levels of genetic differentiation nevertheless differed substantially in their current dispersal rates. We conclude that post‐fragmentation levels of vagility, without reference to past population connectivity, may not be the best predictor of how forest fragmentation affects the life history of forest‐dependent species. As effective conservation strategies often hinge on accurate prediction of shifts in ecological and genetic relationships among populations, conservation practices based solely upon current population abundances or movements may, in the long term, prove to be inadequate.

Physical and biological processes underlying the sudden surface appearance of a red tide in the nearshore - Melissa M. Omand; James J. Leichter; Peter J. S. Franks; R. T. Guza; Andrew J. Lucas; Falk Feddersen (Limnology and Oceanography, 2011)
The sudden appearance at the surface of an alongshore‐parallel band of red tide near Huntington Beach, California, is described in high spatial and temporal resolution using novel instrumentation including a global positioning system–tracked jet‐ski. The scale of the surface chlorophyll a (Chl a ) band was small (~ 200 m cross‐shore) and ephemeral (3 h) compared with the subsurface extent of the red tide (~ 2 km, > 7 d). The red tide was dominated by the regionally common dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum (F. Stein) and had developed as a subsurface Chl a layer during the 7 d prior to the surface appearance. A few hours before the surface appearance, a subsurface patch of elevated Chl a (Chl a > 30 μg L −1 ) was observed in 13‐m total depth in the trough of a shoreward‐propagating internal wave, consistent with dinoflagellate vertical swimming interacting with the internal wave‐driven convergence. Internal wave‐breaking–induced vertical mixing in ~ 8‐m water depth vertically spread the Chl a patch to the surface, creating the alongshore surface band ~ 500 m from shore. Both the subsurface Chl a patch and the surface Chl a band were prevented from entering the surf‐zone by a density barrier of warm water adjacent to the beach. These high‐resolution observations emphasize the role of nearshore physical dynamics in controlling the duration and intensity of red tide exposure to coastal habitats.

Mapping Soil Pore Water Salinity of Tidal Marsh Habitats Using Electromagnetic Induction in Great Bay Estuary, USA - Gregg E. Moore; David M. Burdick; Chris R. Peter; Donald R. Keirstead (Wetlands, 2011)

Does the early frog catch the worm? Disentangling potential drivers of a parasite age–intensity relationship in tadpoles - Thomas R. Raffel; James O. Lloyd-Smith; Stanley K. Sessions; Peter J. Hudson; Jason R. Rohr (Oecologia, 2011)

Spectra of a shallow sea—unmixing for class identification and monitoring of coastal waters - Annelies Hommersom; Marcel R. Wernand; Steef Peters; Marieke A. Eleveld; Hendrik Jan van der Woerd; Jacob de Boer (Ocean Dynamics, 2011)

Genetic structure and individual performance following a recent founding event in a small lizard - Kimberly A. Miller; David R. Towns; Fred W. Allendorf; Peter A. Ritchie; Nicola J. Nelson (Conservation Genetics, 2011)

The developmental impact of prenatal stress, prenatal dexamethasone and postnatal social stress on physiology, behaviour and neuroanatomy of primate offspring: studies in rhesus macaque and common marmoset - Christopher R. Pryce; Yves Aubert; Claudia Maier; Peter C. Pearce; Eberhard Fuchs (Psychopharmacology, 2011)

The Effect of MSW Compost and Fertilizer on Extractable Soil Elements, Tuber Yield, and Elemental Concentrations in the Plant Tissue of Potato - Philip R. Warman; A. Vernon Rodd; Peter Hicklenton (Potato Research, 2011)

Confidence of primary care physicians in their ability to carry out basic medical genetic tasks—a European survey in five countries—Part 1 - Irmgard Nippert; Hilary J. Harris; Claire Julian-Reynier; Ulf Kristoffersson; Leo P. ten Kate; Elizabeth Anionwu; Caroline Benjamin; Kirsty Challen; Jörg Schmidtke; R. Peter Nippert; Rodney Harris (Journal of Community Genetics, 2011)

Germline PKHD1 mutations are protective against colorectal cancer - Christopher J. Ward; Yanhong Wu; Ruth A. Johnson; John R. Woollard; Eric J. Bergstralh; Mine S. Cicek; Jason Bakeberg; Sandro Rossetti; Christina M. Heyer; Gloria M. Petersen; Noralene M. Lindor; Stephen N. Thibodeau; et al. (Human Genetics, 2011)

Reorganization of the nuclear lamina and cytoskeleton in adipogenesis - Valerie L. R. M. Verstraeten; Johan Renes; Frans C. S. Ramaekers; Miriam Kamps; Helma J. Kuijpers; Fons Verheyen; Martin Wabitsch; Peter M. Steijlen; Maurice A. M. Steensel; Jos L. V. Broers (Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 2011)

Combined meta-genomics analyses unravel candidate genes for the grain dietary fiber content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) - Umar Masood Quraishi; Florent Murat; Mickael Abrouk; Caroline Pont; Carole Confolent; François Xavier Oury; Jane Ward; Danuta Boros; Kurt Gebruers; Jan A. Delcour; Christophe M. Courtin; Zoltan Bedo; et al. (Functional & Integrative Genomics, 2011)

The Bioavailability of Effluent-derived Organic Nitrogen along an Estuarine Salinity Gradient - Katherine C. Filippino; Margaret R. Mulholland; Peter W. Bernhardt; George E. Boneillo; Ryan E. Morse; Matthew Semcheski; Harold Marshall; Nancy G. Love; Quinn Roberts; Deborah A. Bronk (Estuaries and Coasts, 2011)

Application of physiologically based modelling and transcriptomics to probe the systems toxicology of aldicarb for Caenorhabditis elegans (Maupas 1900) - Jodie F. Wren; Peter Kille; David J. Spurgeon; Suresh Swain; Stephen R. Sturzenbaum; Tjalling Jager (Ecotoxicology, 2011)

Acidobacteria , Rubrobacteridae and Chloroflexi are abundant among very slow‐growing and mini‐colony‐forming soil bacteria - Kathryn E. R. Davis; Parveen Sangwan; Peter H. Janssen (Environmental Microbiology, 2011)
Summary Easily visible colonies of bacteria continued to form on plates inoculated with soil and incubated for 24 weeks. Using two different media, 13% and 29% of easily visible colonies appeared after more than 12 weeks. In addition, 10% and 18% of all colonies had diameters of 25–200 µm (mini‐colonies), which could not be readily seen with the unaided eye. Members of soil bacterial groups that are only rarely cultured, such as members of the subclass Rubrobacteridae of the phylum Actinobacteria , members of subdivisions 1 and 2 of the phylum Acidobacteria and members of three subphyla of the phylum Chloroflexi , were more abundant among the easily visible colonies and mini‐colonies that developed after > 12 weeks of incubation. Our results indicate that there is a hidden culturable diversity of soil bacteria that may require laboratory study at colony sizes and incubation periods outside those commonly anticipated by most microbiologists. Working at these scales increases the likelihood of obtaining cultures from groups of soil bacteria that have generally eluded laboratory study by cultivation methods.

Landscape Patterns of Significant Soil Nutrients and Contaminants in the Greater Everglades Ecosystem: Past, Present, and Future - Todd Z. Osborne; Susan Newman; Daniel J. Scheidt; Peter I. Kalla; Gregory L. Bruland; Matthew J. Cohen; Leonard J. Scinto; Larry R. Ellis (Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2011)

Accuracy of dominant markers for estimation of relatedness and heritability in an experimental stand of Prosopis alba (Leguminosae) - Cecilia Bessega; Beatriz O. Saidman; Maria R. Darquier; Mauricio Ewens; Peter Felker; Juan C. Vilardi (Tree Genetics & Genomes, 2011)

Central serotonin transporter levels are associated with stress hormone response and anxiety - Matthias Reimold; Astrid Knobel; Michael A. Rapp; Anil Batra; Klaus Wiedemann; Andreas Ströhle; Anke Zimmer; Peter Schönknecht; Michael N. Smolka; Daniel R. Weinberger; David Goldman; Hans-Jürgen Machulla; et al. (Psychopharmacology, 2011)

Estimating soil strength in the rooting zone of wheat - Andrew Peter Whitmore; W. Richard Whalley; Nigel R. A. Bird; Christopher W. Watts; Andrew S. Gregory (Plant and Soil, 2011)

Genetic risk sum score comprised of common polygenic variation is associated with body mass index - Roseann E. Peterson; Hermine H. Maes; Peter Holmans; Alan R. Sanders; Douglas F. Levinson; Jianxin Shi; Kenneth S. Kendler; Pablo V. Gejman; Bradley T. Webb (Human Genetics, 2011)

Pharmacokinetics and penetration of moxifloxacin into infected diabetic foot tissue in a large diabetic patient cohort - Jolanta Majcher-Peszynska; Marko Sass; Sora Schipper; Viktor Czaika; Andreas Gussmann; Ralf Lobmann; Ralf G. Mundkowski; Christoph Luebbert; Peter Kujath; Bernhard R. Ruf; Horst Koch; Wolfgang Schareck; et al. (European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2011)

Cell cycle arrest in cultured neuroblastoma cells exposed to a bis(thiosemicarbazonato) metal complex - Laura Bica; Jodi Meyerowitz; Sarah J. Parker; Aphrodite Caragounis; Tai Du; Brett M. Paterson; Kevin J. Barnham; Peter J. Crouch; Anthony R. White; Paul S. Donnelly (BioMetals, 2011)

A new species of Caryospora Léger, 1904 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the endangered Round Island boa Casarea dussumieri (Schlegel) (Serpentes: Bolyeridae) of Round Island, Mauritius: an endangered parasite? - Peter Daszak; Stanley J. Ball; Daniel G. Streicker; Carl G. Jones; Keith R. Snow (Systematic Parasitology, 2011)

Effects of Intermittent Electrical Stimulation on Superficial Pressure, Tissue Oxygenation, and Discomfort Levels for the Prevention of Deep Tissue Injury - Leandro R. Solis; Selina Gyawali; Peter Seres; Cara A. Curtis; Su Ling Chong; Richard B. Thompson; Vivian K. Mushahwar (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2011)

Interdecadal declines in flood frequency increase primary production in lakes of a northern river delta - SUZANNE McGOWAN; PETER R. LEAVITT; ROLAND I. HALL; BRENT B. WOLFE; THOMAS W. D. EDWARDS; TAMMY KARST‐RIDDOCH; SHEILA R. VARDY (Global Change Biology, 2011)
Human activities and climate change have greatly altered flooding regimes in many of the world's river deltas, but the impact of such changes remains poorly quantified on decadal to multidecadal timescales. This study identified the response of delta lake primary production (measured as the concentration of sedimentary pigments) to variations in flood frequency using spatial surveys and paleolimnological analyses of lakes in the Peace‐Athabasca Delta (PAD), Canada. Surveys of 61 lakes spanning a range of hydrological conditions showed that those lakes that received flood waters less frequently were associated with elevated algal production (surface sedimentary pigments) and, in some lakes, increased growth of emergent macrophytes and epiphytic diatoms. Paleolimnological analyses of five lakes corroborated the contemporary spatial survey results by showing that production of pigments from most algal groups increased during recent periods of lower flood frequency in the 20th century as determined from increases in cellulose‐inferred lake‐water oxygen isotope composition and plant macrofossils, but remained stable in a ‘reference’ basin. In general, past periods of elevated algal production coincided with the increased abundance of submerged macrophytes or emergent vegetation that provide habitat for attached algae. These results suggest that interdecadal declines in river discharge arising from increased aridity, hydrologic regulation or consumptive water use will cause long‐term increases in primary production and alter ecosystem processes (carbon sequestration, biological diversity) in aquatic delta ecosystems similar to the PAD where lakes become nutrient‐rich in the absence of flooding.

Temperature induced bacterial virulence and bleaching disease in a chemically defended marine macroalga - Rebecca J. Case; Sharon R. Longford; Alexandra H. Campbell; Adrian Low; Niina Tujula; Peter D. Steinberg; Staffan Kjelleberg (Environmental Microbiology, 2011)
Summary Host–pathogen interactions have been widely studied in humans and terrestrial plants, but are much less well explored in marine systems. Here we show that a marine macroalga, Delisea pulchra , utilizes a chemical defence – furanones – to inhibit colonization and infection by a novel bacterial pathogen, Ruegeria sp. R11, and that infection by R11 is temperature dependent. Ruegeria sp. R11 formed biofilms, invaded and bleached furanone‐free, but not furanone‐producing D. pulchra thalli, at high (24°C) but not low (19°C) temperatures. Bleaching is commonly observed in natural populations of D. pulchra near Sydney, Australia, during the austral summer when ocean temperatures are at their peak and the chemical defences of the alga are reduced. Furanones, produced by D. pulchra as a chemical defence, inhibit quorum sensing (QS) in bacteria, and this may play a role in furanone inhibition of R11 infection of furanone‐free thalli as R11 produces QS signals. This interplay between temperature, an algal chemical defence mechanism and bacterial virulence demonstrates the complex impact environmental change can have on an ecosystem.

Reserve design for uncertain responses of coral reefs to climate change - Peter J. Mumby; Ian A. Elliott; C. Mark Eakin; William Skirving; Claire B. Paris; Helen J. Edwards; Susana Enríquez; Roberto Iglesias‐Prieto; Laurent M. Cherubin; Jamie R. Stevens (Ecology Letters, 2011)
Ecology Letters (2011) 14: 132–140 Abstract Rising sea temperatures cause mass coral bleaching and threaten reefs worldwide. We show how maps of variations in thermal stress can be used to help manage reefs for climate change. We map proxies of chronic and acute thermal stress and develop evidence‐based hypotheses for the future response of corals to each stress regime. We then incorporate spatially realistic predictions of larval connectivity among reefs of the Bahamas and apply novel reserve design algorithms to create reserve networks for a changing climate. We show that scales of larval dispersal are large enough to connect reefs from desirable thermal stress regimes into a reserve network. Critically, we find that reserve designs differ according to the anticipated scope for phenotypic and genetic adaptation in corals, which remains uncertain. Attempts to provide a complete reserve design that hedged against different evolutionary outcomes achieved limited success, which emphasises the importance of considering the scope for adaptation explicitly. Nonetheless, 15% of reserve locations were selected under all evolutionary scenarios, making them a high priority for early designation. Our approach allows new insights into coral holobiont adaptation to be integrated directly into an adaptive approach to management.

Correlations Between Gene Expression and Mercury Levels in Blood of Boys With and Without Autism - Boryana Stamova; Peter G. Green; Yingfang Tian; Irva Hertz-Picciotto; Isaac N. Pessah; Robin Hansen; Xiaowei Yang; Jennifer Teng; Jeffrey P. Gregg; Paul Ashwood; Judy Van de Water; Frank R. Sharp (Neurotoxicity Research, 2011)

Correlations of Gene Expression with Blood Lead Levels in Children with Autism Compared to Typically Developing Controls - Yingfang Tian; Peter G. Green; Boryana Stamova; Irva Hertz-Picciotto; Isaac N. Pessah; Robin Hansen; Xiaowei Yang; Jeffrey P. Gregg; Paul Ashwood; Glen Jickling; Judy Van de Water; Frank R. Sharp (Neurotoxicity Research, 2011)

Heavy metals in soils from Tirana (Albania) - Fran Gjoka; Peter Felix-Henningsen; Hans-R. Wegener; Ilir Salillari; Ajran Beqiraj (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2011)

Scaling an Instantaneous Model of Tundra NEE to the Arctic Landscape - Michael M. Loranty; Scott J. Goetz; Edward B. Rastetter; Adrian V. Rocha; Gaius R. Shaver; Elyn R. Humphreys; Peter M. Lafleur (Ecosystems, 2011)

Erratum to: Crystal growth during dike injection of MOR basaltic melts: evidence from preservation of local Sr disequilibria in plagioclase - Georg F. Zellmer; Kenneth H. Rubin; Peter Dulski; Yoshiyuki Iizuka; Steven L. Goldstein; Michael R. Perfit (Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 2011)

Crystal growth during dike injection of MOR basaltic melts: evidence from preservation of local Sr disequilibria in plagioclase - Georg F. Zellmer; Kenna H. Rubin; Peter Dulski; Yoshiyuki Iizuka; Steven L. Goldstein; Michael R. Perfit (Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 2011)

Nutritional supplements, COX-2 and IGF-1 expression in men on active surveillance for prostate cancer - June M. Chan; Vivian Weinberg; Mark J. Magbanua; Eduardo Sosa; Jeffry Simko; Katsuto Shinohara; Scot Federman; Mike Mattie; Millie Hughes-Fulford; Christopher Haqq; Peter R. Carroll (Cancer Causes & Control, 2011)

Non-specific (entropic) forces as major determinants of the structure of mammalian chromosomes - Kieran Finan; Peter R. Cook; Davide Marenduzzo (Chromosome Research, 2011)

Long‐term shifts in abundance and distribution of a temperate fish fauna: a response to climate change and fishing practices - Peter R. Last; William T. White; Daniel C. Gledhill; Alistair J. Hobday; Rebecca Brown; Graham J. Edgar; Gretta Pecl (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2011)
Aim South‐eastern Australia is a climate change hotspot with well‐documented recent changes in its physical marine environment. The impact on and temporal responses of the biota to change are less well understood, but appear to be due to influences of climate, as well as the non‐climate related past and continuing human impacts. We attempt to resolve the agents of change by examining major temporal and distributional shifts in the fish fauna and making a tentative attribution of causal factors. Location Temperate seas of south‐eastern Australia. Methods Mixed data sources synthesized from published accounts, scientific surveys, spearfishing and angling competitions, commercial catches and underwater photographic records, from the ‘late 1800s’ to the ‘present’, were examined to determine shifts in coastal fish distributions. Results Forty‐five species, representing 27 families (about 30% of the inshore fish families occurring in the region), exhibited major distributional shifts thought to be climate related. These are distributed across the following categories: species previously rare or unlisted (12), with expanded ranges (23) and/or abundance increases (30), expanded populations in south‐eastern Tasmania (16) and extra‐limital vagrants (4). Another 9 species, representing 7 families, experienced longer‐term changes (since the 1800s) probably due to anthropogenic factors, such as habitat alteration and fishing pressure: species now extinct locally (3), recovering (3), threatened (2) or with remnant populations (1). One species is a temporary resident periodically recruited from New Zealand. Of fishes exhibiting an obvious poleward movement, most are reef dwellers from three Australian biogeographic categories: widespread southern, western warm temperate (Flindersian) or eastern warm temperate (Peronian) species. Main conclusions Some of the region's largest predatory reef fishes have become extinct in Tasmanian seas since the ‘late 1800s’, most likely as a result of poor fishing practices. In more recent times, there have been major changes in the distribution patterns of Tasmanian fishes that correspond to dramatic warming observed in the local marine environment.

Micronutrient Mineral and Folate Content of Australian and Imported Dried Fruit Products - Louise E. Bennett; Davinder P. Singh; Peter R. Clingeleffer (Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2010)

NonClinical Dose Formulation Analysis Method Validation and Sample Analysis - Monica Lee Whitmire; Peter Bryan; Teresa R. Henry; John Holbrook; Paul Lehmann; Thomas Mollitor; Susan Ohorodnik; David Reed; Holly D. Wietgrefe (The AAPS Journal, 2010)

Altered toll-like receptor signaling pathways in human type 1 diabetes - Adam J. Meyers; Roopali R. Shah; Peter A. Gottlieb; Danny Zipris (Journal of Molecular Medicine, 2010)

Development and characterization of new cell line BPH22 from midgut epithelial cells of Poekilocerus pictus (Fabricius, 1775) - Kiran R. Kharat; Madhavi V. Sawant; Shiney Peter; Bhagyashree P. Hardikar (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2010)

Drought insurance for agricultural development and food security in dryland areas - Peter B. R. Hazell; Ulrich Hess (Food Security, 2010)

Exploring structural learning in handwriting - Robyn L. Johnson; Peter R. Culmer; Melanie R. Burke; Mark Mon-Williams; Richard M. Wilkie (Experimental Brain Research, 2010)

Genetic diversity and structure of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) in Australian feeding aggregations - Catherine R. M. Attard; Luciano B. Beheregaray; Curt Jenner; Peter Gill; Micheline Jenner; Margaret Morrice; John Bannister; Rick LeDuc; Luciana Möller (Conservation Genetics, 2010)

Light at night and breast cancer risk: results from a population-based case–control study in Connecticut, USA - Qian Li; Tongzhang Zheng; Theodore R. Holford; Peter Boyle; Yawei Zhang; Min Dai (Cancer Causes & Control, 2010)

Predicted impact of exotic vines on an endangered ecological community under future climate change - Rachael V. Gallagher; Lesley Hughes; Michelle R. Leishman; Peter D. Wilson (Biological Invasions, 2010)

Understanding Recreational Boater Attitudes to Zoning in a Proposed Marine Protected Area - Darcy L. Gray; Rosaline R. Canessa; Rick B. Rollins; Philip Dearden; C. Peter Keller (Coastal Management, 2010)

Design of a Semisolid Vaginal Microbicide Gel by Relating Composition to Properties and Performance - Alamelu Mahalingam; Eric Smith; Judit Fabian; Festo R. Damian; Jennifer J. Peters; Meredith R. Clark; David R. Friend; David F. Katz; Patrick F. Kiser (Pharmaceutical Research, 2010)

Inhibition and stimulation of formation of the ferroxidase center and the iron core in Pyrococcus furiosus ferritin - Kourosh Honarmand Ebrahimi; Peter-Leon Hagedoorn; Wilfred R. Hagen (JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2010)

A proposal to change existing virus species names to non-Latinized binomials - Marc H. V. Van Regenmortel; Donald S. Burke; Charles H. Calisher; Ralf G. Dietzgen; Claude M. Fauquet; Said A. Ghabrial; Peter B. Jahrling; Karl M. Johnson; Michael R. Holbrook; Marian C. Horzinek; Günther M. Keil; Jens H. Kuhn; et al. (Archives of Virology, 2010)

Genomic analysis of oceanic cyanobacterial myoviruses compared with T4‐like myoviruses from diverse hosts and environments - Matthew B. Sullivan; Katherine H. Huang; Julio C. Ignacio‐Espinoza; Aaron M. Berlin; Libusha Kelly; Peter R. Weigele; Alicia S. DeFrancesco; Suzanne E. Kern; Luke R. Thompson; Sarah Young; Chandri Yandava; Ross Fu; et al. (Environmental Microbiology, 2010)
Summary T4‐like myoviruses are ubiquitous, and their genes are among the most abundant documented in ocean systems. Here we compare 26 T4‐like genomes, including 10 from non‐cyanobacterial myoviruses, and 16 from marine cyanobacterial myoviruses (cyanophages) isolated on diverse Prochlorococcus or Synechococcus hosts. A core genome of 38 virion construction and DNA replication genes was observed in all 26 genomes, with 32 and 25 additional genes shared among the non‐cyanophage and cyanophage subsets, respectively. These hierarchical cores are highly syntenic across the genomes, and sampled to saturation. The 25 cyanophage core genes include six previously described genes with putative functions ( psbA , mazG , phoH , hsp20 , hli03 , cobS ), a hypothetical protein with a potential phytanoyl‐CoA dioxygenase domain, two virion structural genes, and 16 hypothetical genes. Beyond previously described cyanophage‐encoded photosynthesis and phosphate stress genes, we observed core genes that may play a role in nitrogen metabolism during infection through modulation of 2‐oxoglutarate. Patterns among non‐core genes that may drive niche diversification revealed that phosphorus‐related gene content reflects source waters rather than host strain used for isolation, and that carbon metabolism genes appear associated with putative mobile elements. As well, phages isolated on Synechococcus had higher genome‐wide %G+C and often contained different gene subsets (e.g. petE , zwf , gnd , prnA , cpeT ) than those isolated on Prochlorococcus . However, no clear diagnostic genes emerged to distinguish these phage groups, suggesting blurred boundaries possibly due to cross‐infection. Finally, genome‐wide comparisons of both diverse and closely related, co‐isolated genomes provide a locus‐to‐locus variability metric that will prove valuable for interpreting metagenomic data sets.

Changes in the Status of Harvested Rice Fields in the Sacramento Valley, California: Implications for Wintering Waterfowl - Michael R. Miller; Jay D. Garr; Peter S. Coates (Wetlands, 2010)

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are required for the conditioned reinforcing properties of sucrose-associated cues - Elin Löf; Peter Olausson; Rosita Stomberg; Jane R. Taylor; Bo Söderpalm (Psychopharmacology, 2010)

Holmium Nanoparticles: Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of a New Device for Radioablation of Solid Malignancies - Wouter Bult; Rosanne Varkevisser; Fouad Soulimani; Peter R. Seevinck; Hendrik de Leeuw; Chris J. G. Bakker; Peter R. Luijten; Alfred D. van het Schip; Wim E. Hennink; J. Frank W. Nijsen (Pharmaceutical Research, 2010)

ERP correlates of response inhibition after-effects in the stop signal task - Daniel J. Upton; Peter G. Enticott; Rodney J. Croft; Nicholas R. Cooper; Paul B. Fitzgerald (Experimental Brain Research, 2010)

A note on meat quality traits of pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) - Peter Hofbauer; Frans J. M. Smulders; Miroslav Vodnansky; Peter Paulsen; Waleed R. El-Ghareeb (European Journal of Wildlife Research, 2010)

Exploring the relationship of macrophage colony-stimulating factor levels on neuroaxonal metabolism and cognition during chronic human immunodeficiency virus infection - Margaret R Lentz; Mahaveer Degaonkar; Mona A Mohamed; Hyun Kim; Katherine Conant; Elkan F Halpern; Ned Sacktor; Peter B Barker; Martin G Pomper (Journal of NeuroVirology, 2010)

Moisture as a determinant of habitat quality for a nonbreeding Neotropical migratory songbird - Joseph A. M. Smith; Leonard R. Reitsma; Peter P. Marra (Ecology, 2010)
Identifying the determinants of habitat quality for a species is essential for understanding how populations are limited and regulated. Spatiotemporal variation in moisture and its influence on food availability may drive patterns of habitat occupancy and demographic outcomes. Nonbreeding migratory birds in the neotropics occupy a range of habitat types that vary with respect to moisture. Using carbon isotopes and a satellite‐derived measure of habitat moisture, we identified a moisture gradient across home ranges of radio‐tracked Northern Waterthrush ( Seiurus noveboracensis ). We used this gradient to classify habitat types and to examine whether habitat moisture correlates with overwinter mass change and spring departure schedules of Northern Waterthrush over the late‐winter dry season in the tropics. The two independent indicators of moisture revealed similar gradients that were directly proportional to body mass change as the dry season progressed. Birds occupying drier habitats declined in body mass over the study period, while those occupying wetter habitats increased in body mass. Regardless of habitat, birds lost an average of 7.6% of their mass at night, and mass recovery during the day trended lower in dry compared with wet habitats. This suggests that daily incremental shortfalls in mass recovery can lead to considerable season‐long declines in body mass. These patterns resulted in consequences for the premigratory period, with birds occupying drier habitats having a delayed rate of fat deposition compared with those in wet habitats. Taken together with the finding that males, which are significantly larger than females, are also in better condition than females regardless of habitat suggests that high‐quality habitats may be limited and that there may be competition for them. The habitat‐linked variation in performance we observed suggests that habitat limitation could impact individual and population‐level processes both during and in subsequent periods of the annual cycle. The linkage between moisture and habitat quality for a migratory bird indicates that the availability of high‐quality habitats is dynamic due to variation in precipitation among seasons and years. Understanding this link is critical for ascertaining the impact of future climate change, particularly in the Caribbean basin, where a much drier future is predicted.

Complex formation and stability of westiellamide derivatives with copper(II) - Peter Comba; Nina Dovalil; Gebhard Haberhauer; Graeme R. Hanson; Yuki Kato; Toshiaki Taura (JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2010)

The role of regulatory mechanisms for control of plant diseases and food security—case studies from potato production in Britain - Katharina Dehnen-Schmutz; Alan MacLeod; Peter Reed; Peter R. Mills (Food Security, 2010)

10 or 30-s sprint interval training bouts enhance both aerobic and anaerobic performance - Tom J. Hazell; Rebecca E. K. MacPherson; Braden M. R. Gravelle; Peter W. R. Lemon (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2010)

Long-Term Trends in Submersed Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) in Chesapeake Bay, USA, Related to Water Quality - Robert J. Orth; Michael R. Williams; Scott R. Marion; David J. Wilcox; Tim J. B. Carruthers; Kenneth A. Moore; W. Michael Kemp; William C. Dennison; Nancy Rybicki; Peter Bergstrom; Richard A. Batiuk (Estuaries and Coasts, 2010)

Pickled meat consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC): a case–control study in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada - Josh Squires; Barbara Roebothan; Sharon Buehler; Zhuoyu Sun; Michelle Cotterchio; Ban Younghusband; Elizabeth Dicks; John R. Mclaughlin; Patrick S. Parfrey; Peizhong Peter Wang (Cancer Causes & Control, 2010)

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use and breast cancer risk in the Western New York Exposures and Breast Cancer (WEB) Study - Theodore M. Brasky; Matthew R. Bonner; Kirsten B. Moysich; Christine B. Ambrosone; Jing Nie; Meng Hua Tao; Stephen B. Edge; Bhaskar V.S. Kallakury; Catalin Marian; Maurizio Trevisan; Peter G. Shields; Jo L. Freudenheim (Cancer Causes & Control, 2010)

Cross-species chromosome painting in bats from Madagascar: the contribution of Myzopodidae to revealing ancestral syntenies in Chiroptera - Leigh R. Richards; Ramugondo V. Rambau; Jennifer M. Lamb; Peter J. Taylor; Fengtang Yang; M. Corrie Schoeman; Steven M. Goodman (Chromosome Research, 2010)

Isolation and characterisation of microsatellite loci in the Australian freshwater catfish (Tandanus tandanus) - Meaghan L. Rourke; Peter R. Teske; Catherine R. M. Attard; Dean M. Gilligan; Luciano B. Beheregaray (Conservation Genetics Resources, 2010)

Variability in exchange of CO 2 across 12 northern peatland and tundra sites - MAGNUS LUND; PETER M. LAFLEUR; NIGEL T. ROULET; ANDERS LINDROTH; TORBEN R. CHRISTENSEN; MIKA AURELA; BOGDAN H. CHOJNICKI; LAWRENCE B. FLANAGAN; ELYN R. HUMPHREYS; TUOMAS LAURILA; WALTER C. OECHEL; JANUSZ OLEJNIK; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2010)
Many wetland ecosystems such as peatlands and wet tundra hold large amounts of organic carbon (C) in their soils, and are thus important in the terrestrial C cycle. We have synthesized data on the carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) exchange obtained from eddy covariance measurements from 12 wetland sites, covering 1–7 years at each site, across Europe and North America, ranging from ombrotrophic and minerotrophic peatlands to wet tundra ecosystems, spanning temperate to arctic climate zones. The average summertime net ecosystem exchange of CO 2 (NEE) was highly variable between sites. However, all sites with complete annual datasets, seven in total, acted as annual net sinks for atmospheric CO 2 . To evaluate the influence of gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration ( R eco ) on NEE, we first removed the artificial correlation emanating from the method of partitioning NEE into GPP and R eco . After this correction neither R eco ( P = 0.162) nor GPP ( P = 0.110) correlated significantly with NEE on an annual basis. Spatial variation in annual and summertime R eco was associated with growing season period, air temperature, growing degree days, normalized difference vegetation index and vapour pressure deficit. GPP showed weaker correlations with environmental variables as compared with R eco , the exception being leaf area index (LAI), which correlated with both GPP and NEE, but not with R eco . Length of growing season period was found to be the most important variable describing the spatial variation in summertime GPP and R eco ; global warming will thus cause these components to increase. Annual GPP and NEE correlated significantly with LAI and pH, thus, in order to predict wetland C exchange, differences in ecosystem structure such as leaf area and biomass as well as nutritional status must be taken into account.

Seasonal home ranges and fidelity to breeding sites among ringed seals - Brendan P. Kelly; Oriana H. Badajos; Mervi Kunnasranta; John R. Moran; Micaela Martinez-Bakker; Douglas Wartzok; Peter Boveng (Polar Biology, 2010)

Medical clerkships do not reduce common prescription errors among medical students - N. Celebi; K. Kirchhoff; M. Lammerding-Köppel; R. Riessen; Peter Weyrich (Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 2010)

Isolation and Characterisation of a High-Efficiency Desaturase and Elongases from Microalgae for Transgenic LC-PUFA Production - James R. Petrie; Qing Liu; Anne M. Mackenzie; Pushkar Shrestha; Maged P. Mansour; Stan S. Robert; Dion F. Frampton; Susan I. Blackburn; Peter D. Nichols; Surinder P. Singh (Marine Biotechnology, 2010)

Hypohydration reduces vertical ground reaction impulse but not jump height - Samuel N. Cheuvront; Robert W. Kenefick; Brett R. Ely; Everett A. Harman; John W. Castellani; Peter N. Frykman; Bradley C. Nindl; Michael N. Sawka (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2010)

Estimating Dynamic Gait Stability Using Data from Non-aligned Inertial Sensors - Sjoerd M. Bruijn; Warner R. Th. Ten Kate; Gert S. Faber; Onno G. Meijer; Peter J. Beek; Jaap H. van Dieën (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2010)

Resource contrast in patterned peatlands increases along a climatic gradient - Maarten B. Eppinga; Max Rietkerk; Lisa R. Belyea; Mats B. Nilsson; Peter C. De Ruiter; Martin J. Wassen (Ecology, 2010)
Spatial patterning of ecosystems can be explained by several mechanisms. One approach to disentangling the influence of these mechanisms is to study a patterned ecosystem along a gradient of environmental conditions. This study focused on hummock–hollow patterning of peatlands. Previous models predicted that patterning in drainage‐dominated peatlands is driven by a peat‐accumulation mechanism, reflected by higher nutrient availability in hollows relative to hummocks. Alternatively, patterning in evapotranspiration (ET)‐dominated peatlands may be driven by a nutrient‐accumulation mechanism, reflected by reversed nutrient distribution, namely, higher nutrient availability in hummocks relative to hollows. Here, we tested these predictions by comparing nutrient distributions among patterned peatlands in maritime (Scotland), humid temperate (Sweden), and humid continental (Siberia) climates. The areas comprise a climatic gradient from very wet and drainage‐dominated (Scotland) to less wet and ET‐dominated (Siberia) peatlands. Nutrient distribution was quantified as resource contrast, a measure for hummock–hollow difference in nutrient availability. We tested the hypothesis that the climatic gradient shows a trend in the resource contrast; from negative (highest nutrient availability in hollows) in Scotland to positive (highest nutrient availability in hummocks) in Siberia. The resource contrasts as measured in vegetation indeed showed a trend along the climatic gradient: contrasts were negative to slightly positive in Scotland, positive in Sweden, and strongly positive in Siberia. This finding corroborates the main prediction of previous models. Our results, however, also provided indications for further model development. The low concentrations of nutrients in the water suggest that existing models could be improved by considering both the dissolved and adsorbed phase and explicit inclusion of both nutrient‐uptake and nutrient‐storage processes. Our study suggests that future climate change may affect the ecosystem functioning of patterned peatlands by altering the contribution of pattern‐forming mechanisms to redistribution of water and nutrients within these systems.

Energy balance closure for the LITFASS-2003 experiment - Thomas Foken; Matthias Mauder; Claudia Liebethal; Florian Wimmer; Frank Beyrich; Jens-Peter Leps; Siegfried Raasch; Henk A. R. DeBruin; Wouter M. L. Meijninger; Jens Bange (Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2010)

Selenium biofortification of high-yielding winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by liquid or granular Se fertilisation - Martin R. Broadley; John Alcock; James Alford; Paul Cartwright; Ian Foot; Susan J. Fairweather-Tait; David J. Hart; Rachel Hurst; Peter Knott; Steve P. McGrath; Mark C. Meacham; Keith Norman; et al. (Plant and Soil, 2010)

Why only tetraploid Solidago gigantea (Asteraceae) became invasive: a common garden comparison of ploidy levels - Daniel R. Schlaepfer; Peter J. Edwards; Regula Billeter (Oecologia, 2010)

A virgin flight across the Tasman Sea? Satellite tracking of post-fledging movement in the Australasian Gannet Morus serrator - Stefanie M. H. Ismar; Colin Hunter; Kevin Lay; Tamsin Ward-Smith; Peter R. Wilson; Mark E. Hauber (Journal of Ornithology, 2010)

The most common Chinese rhesus macaque MHC class I molecule shares peptide binding repertoire with the HLA-B7 supertype - Christopher Solomon; Scott Southwood; Ilka Hoof; Richard Rudersdorf; Bjoern Peters; John Sidney; Clemencia Pinilla; Maria Cecilia Garibaldi Marcondes; Binhua Ling; Preston Marx; Alessandro Sette; Bianca R. Mothé (Immunogenetics, 2010)

Dual influences of ecosystem size and disturbance on food chain length in streams - Peter A. McHugh; Angus R. McIntosh; Phillip G. Jellyman (Ecology Letters, 2010)
Ecology Letters (2010) 13: 881–890 Abstract The number of trophic transfers occurring between basal resources and top predators, food chain length (FCL), varies widely in the world’s ecosystems for reasons that are poorly understood, particularly for stream ecosystems. Available evidence indicates that FCL is set by energetic constraints, environmental stochasticity, or ecosystem size effects, although no single explanation has yet accounted for FCL patterns in a broad sense. Further, whether environmental disturbance can influence FCL has been debated on both theoretical and empirical grounds for quite some time. Using data from sixteen South Island, New Zealand streams, we determined whether the so‐called ecosystem size, disturbance, or resource availability hypotheses could account for FCL variation in high country fluvial environments. Stable isotope‐based estimates of maximum trophic position ranged from 2.6 to 4.2 and averaged 3.5, a value on par with the global FCL average for streams. Model‐selection results indicated that stream size and disturbance regime best explained across‐site patterns in FCL, although resource availability was negatively correlated with our measure of disturbance; FCL approached its maximum in large, stable springs and was

Working less to gain more: when breeding quality relates to foraging efficiency - Amélie Lescroël; Grant Ballard; Viola Toniolo; Kerry J. Barton; Peter R. Wilson; Philip O'B. Lyver; David G. Ainley (Ecology, 2010)
In animal populations, a minority of individuals consistently achieves the highest breeding success and therefore contributes the most recruits to future generations. On average, foraging performance is important in determining breeding success at the population level, but evidence is scarce to show that more successful breeders (better breeders) forage differently than less successful ones (poorer breeders). To test this hypothesis, we used a 10‐year, three‐colony, individual‐based longitudinal data set on breeding success and foraging parameters of a long‐lived bird, the Adélie Penguin, Pygoscelis adeliae . Better breeders foraged more efficiently than poorer breeders under harsh environmental conditions and when offspring needs were higher, therefore gaining higher net energy profit to be allocated to reproduction and survival. These results imply that adverse “extrinsic” conditions might select breeding individuals on the basis of their foraging ability. Adélie Penguins show sufficient phenotypic plasticity that at least a portion of the population is capable of surviving and successfully reproducing despite extreme variability in their physical and biological environment, variability that is likely to be associated with climate change and, ultimately, with the species' evolution. This study is the first to demonstrate the importance of “extrinsic” conditions (in terms of environmental conditions and offspring needs) on the relationship between foraging behavior and individual quality.

Parallel polyploid speciation: distinct sympatric gene-pools of recurrently derived allo-octoploid Asplenium ferns - LEON R. PERRIE; LARA D. SHEPHERD; PETER J. DE LANGE; PATRICK J. BROWNSEY (Molecular Ecology, 2010)

Hekla cold springs (Iceland): groundwater mixing with magmatic gases - Nils G. Holm; Sigurður R. Gislason; Erik Sturkell; Peter Torssander (Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, 2010)

Challenges and Prospects of Sustainable Groundwater Management in the Indus Basin, Pakistan - Asad Sarwar Qureshi; Peter G. McCornick; A. Sarwar; Bharat R. Sharma (Water Resources Management, 2010)

Diurnal variations of needle water isotopic ratios in two pine species - Keirith A. Snyder; Robert Monnar; Simon R. Poulson; Peter Hartsough; Franco Biondi (Trees, 2010)

Reduced P2x2 receptor-mediated regulation of endocochlear potential in the ageing mouse cochlea - Ravindra S. Telang; Vinthiya Paramananthasivam; Srdjan M. Vlajkovic; David J. B. Munoz; Gary D. Housley; Peter R. Thorne (Purinergic Signalling, 2010)

Adenosine amine congener mitigates noise-induced cochlear injury - Srdjan M. Vlajkovic; Kyu-Hyun Lee; Ann Chi Yan Wong; Cindy X. Guo; Rita Gupta; Gary D. Housley; Peter R. Thorne (Purinergic Signalling, 2010)

Distribution of NTPDase5 and NTPDase6 and the regulation of P2Y receptor signalling in the rat cochlea - Mary G. O’Keeffe; Peter R. Thorne; Gary D. Housley; Simon C. Robson; Srdjan M. Vlajkovic (Purinergic Signalling, 2010)

Differential expression of P2Y receptors in the rat cochlea during development - Lin-Chien Huang; Peter R. Thorne; Srdjan M. Vlajkovic; Gary D. Housley (Purinergic Signalling, 2010)

The Role of the Complement System and the Activation Fragment C5a in the Central Nervous System - Trent M. Woodruff; Rahasson R. Ager; Andrea J. Tenner; Peter G. Noakes; Stephen M. Taylor (NeuroMolecular Medicine, 2010)

Neoproterozoic diamictite in the Eastern Desert of Egypt and Northern Saudi Arabia: evidence of ~750 Ma glaciation in the Arabian–Nubian Shield? - Kamal A. Ali; Robert J. Stern; William I. Manton; Peter R. Johnson; Sumit K. Mukherjee (International Journal of Earth Sciences, 2010)

Five hundred microsatellite loci for Peromyscus - Jesse N. Weber; Maureen B. Peters; Olga V. Tsyusko; Catherine R. Linnen; Cris Hagen; Nancy A. Schable; Tracey D. Tuberville; Anna M. McKee; Stacey L. Lance; Kenneth L. Jones; Heidi S. Fisher; Michael J. Dewey; et al. (Conservation Genetics, 2010)

Risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and nitrate and nitrite from the diet in Connecticut women - Briseis A. Kilfoy; Mary H. Ward; Tongzhang Zheng; Theodore R. Holford; Peter Boyle; Ping Zhao; Min Dai; Brian Leaderer; Yawei Zhang (Cancer Causes & Control, 2010)

A link between the systems: functional differentiation and integration within the human insula revealed by meta-analysis - Florian Kurth; Karl Zilles; Peter T. Fox; Angela R. Laird; Simon B. Eickhoff (Brain Structure and Function, 2010)

Determination of total antibiotic resistance in waterborne bacteria in rivers and streams in Northern Ireland: Can antibiotic-resistant bacteria be an indicator of ecological change? - John E. Moore; Juluri R. Rao; Peter J. A. Moore; B. Cherie Millar; Colin E. Goldsmith; Anne Loughrey; Paul J. Rooney (Aquatic Ecology, 2010)

Magnetic resonance imaging of brain angiogenesis after stroke - Peter R. Seevinck; Lisette H. Deddens; Rick M. Dijkhuizen (Angiogenesis, 2010)

Integration of novel SSR and gene-based SNP marker loci in the chickpea genetic map and establishment of new anchor points with Medicago truncatula genome - Spurthi N. Nayak; Hongyan Zhu; Nicy Varghese; Subhojit Datta; Hong-Kyu Choi; Ralf Horres; Ruth Jüngling; Jagbir Singh; P. B. Kavi Kishor; S. Sivaramakrishnan; Dave A. Hoisington; Günter Kahl; et al. (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2010)

Discrimination of Nuclear Explosions against Civilian Sources Based on Atmospheric Xenon Isotopic Activity Ratios - Martin B. Kalinowski; Anders Axelsson; Marc Bean; Xavier Blanchard; Theodore W. Bowyer; Guy Brachet; Simon Hebel; Justin I. McIntyre; Jana Peters; Christoph Pistner; Maria Raith; Anders Ringbom; et al. (Pure and Applied Geophysics, 2010)

Temporal and Spatial Variability of Mesozooplankton in a Shallow Sub-Tropical Bay: Influence of Top-Down Control - Christopher R. Kelble; Peter B. Ortner; Gary L. Hitchcock; Michael J. Dagg; Joseph N. Boyer (Estuaries and Coasts, 2010)

Improvements in a half degree atmosphere/land version of the CCSM - Peter R. Gent; Stephen G. Yeager; Richard B. Neale; Samuel Levis; David A. Bailey (Climate Dynamics, 2010)

Dietary fat-dependent transcriptional architecture and copy number alterations associated with modifiers of mammary cancer metastasis - Ryan R. Gordon; Michele La Merrill; Kent W. Hunter; Peter Sørensen; David W. Threadgill; Daniel Pomp (Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 2010)

Conventional myosins – unconventional functions - Peter D. Chantler; Steven R. Wylie; Caroline P. Wheeler-Jones; Imelda M. McGonnell (Biophysical Reviews, 2010)

Tree rings detect earthworm invasions and their effects in northern Hardwood forests - Evan R. Larson; Kurt F. Kipfmueller; Cindy M. Hale; Lee E. Frelich; Peter B. Reich (Biological Invasions, 2010)

Differential deposition of antimicrobial proteins in blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) clutches by laying order and male attractiveness - Liliana D’Alba; Matthew D. Shawkey; Peter Korsten; Oscar Vedder; Sjouke A. Kingma; Jan Komdeur; Steven R. Beissinger (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2010)

Experimental evidence that pollution with urea can degrade water quality in phosphorus‐rich lakes of the Northern Great Plains - Kerri Finlay; Alain Patoine; Derek B. Donald; Matthew J. Bogard; Peter R. Leavitt (Limnology and Oceanography, 2010)
Urea is the most abundant nitrogen (N) fertilizer used on agricultural soils, yet its effects on adjacent aquatic ecosystems are largely unknown. Here 21‐d, 3000‐liter mesocosm experiments were conducted monthly in a hypereutrophic lake during July–September 2007 to quantify how addition of urea might affect phytoplankton abundance, gross community composition, and algal toxicity in a phosphorus (P)‐rich lake. Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated that addition of sufficient urea to increase ratios of soluble N: P from ~ 15 : 1 to > 24 : 1 (by mass) also increased algal biomass (as Chlorophyll ά ) and microcystin concentrations 200–400%, as non–N 2 ‐fixing but toxic cyanobacteria ( Microcystis , Planktothrix ) and less harmful chlorophytes ( Micractinium , Oocystis ) replaced colonial N 2 ‐fixing cyanobacteria ( Anabaena , Aphanizomenon ). No significant effects of urea amendment were recorded for trials in which N: P ratios were elevated at the start of the experiment, or in which ambient light levels were reduced to 25 µmol quanta m −2 s −1 , although preliminary evidence suggests that urea addition stimulated growth of heterotrophic bacteria irrespective of light regime. Development of toxic non–N 2 ‐fixing cyanobacteria by N pollution of P‐rich lakes is consistent with findings from whole‐lake experiments and paleolimnological studies of deep lakes, and suggests that the fertilization needed to feed 3 billion more people by 2050 may create conditions in which future water quality in P‐replete regions is degraded further by urea export from farms and cities.

Effects of land use, urbanization, and climate variability on coastal eutrophication in the Baltic Sea - Candida Savage; Peter R. Leavitt; Ragnar Elmgren (Limnology and Oceanography, 2010)
Sedimentary records of organic matter inputs (stable nitrogen isotopes [δ 15 N], nitrogen [N], and carbon [C] content), phytoplankton abundance (pigments, stable carbon isotopes [δ 13 C]), and community composition (pigments) were used to reconstruct the history and pathway to water‐quality degradation in a Swedish Baltic coastal bay. Changes in nutrient sources and cycling began in the 1800s, but eutrophication intensified only after the 1950s, coincident with intensified agricultural practices. Specifically, sedimentary N and C content doubled, δ 13 C increased, and concentrations of pigments indicative of total algal biomass (ß‐carotene, chlorophyll a ), diatoms (fucoxanthin, diatoxanthin), chlorophytes (lutein‐zeaxanthin, Chlorophyll b ), and cyanobacteria (canthaxanthin) increased significantly after 1950. Enhanced algal abundance was most strongly related to total N influx and secondly to total P influx. In particular, historical change in algae was related to agricultural N influx and only weakly to agricultural P. In recent decades, wastewater N influx has further stimulated algal biomass, particularly diatoms. In contrast, colonial cyanobacteria were more correlated to total P than total N inputs. Variance‐partitioning analysis explained 60% of the changes in algal abundance and community composition since 1880, with diffuse and point nutrients jointly explaining 36% of the long‐term change in algal biomass. Climate variability has become more important as a factor influencing coastal eutrophication in recent decades, explaining 14% of the variance in the algal data since 1975. Both urban and agricultural sources of nutrients have degraded water quality, illustrating the need for cooperation between stakeholders at regional levels to achieve "good ecological status" in the Baltic coastal environment.

The distribution and host range of the pandemic disease chytridiomycosis in Australia, spanning surveys from 1956–2007 - Kris Murray; Richard Retallick; Keith R. McDonald; Diana Mendez; Ken Aplin; Peter Kirkpatrick; Lee Berger; David Hunter; Harry B. Hines; R. Campbell; Matthew Pauza; Michael Driessen; et al. (Ecology, 2010)
Chytridiomycosis is the worst disease to affect vertebrate biodiversity on record. In Australia, it is thought to have caused the extinction of four frog species, and it threatens the survival of at least 10 more. We report the current distribution and host range of this invasive disease in Australia, which is essential knowledge for conservation management. We envisage that the data be used in a global and national context for predictive modeling, meta‐analyses, and risk assessment. Our continent‐wide data set comprises 821 sites in Australia and includes 10 183 records from >80 contributors spanning collection dates from 1956 to 2007. Sick and dead frogs from the field and apparently healthy frogs from museum collections were tested opportunistically for the presence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis , the fungal pathogen causing chytridiomycosis, and apparently healthy frogs and tadpoles found during surveys were tested purposively. The diagnostic tests used were histology of skin samples and quantitative PCR of skin swabs. Chytridiomycosis was found in all Australian states and the Australian Capital Territory, but not in the Northern Territory. Currently it appears to be confined to the relatively cool and wet areas of Australia, such as along the Great Dividing Range and adjacent coastal areas in the eastern mainland states of Queensland, New South Wales, and Victoria, eastern and central Tasmania, southern South Australia, and southwestern Western Australia. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis may have been introduced into Australia via the port of Brisbane around 1978 and spread northward and southward. It did not appear to arrive in Western Australia until 1985. The earliest records from South Australia and Tasmania are from 1995 and 2004, respectively, although archival studies from these states are lacking. We also report negative findings showing that the disease does not currently occur in some areas that appear to be environmentally suitable, including Cape York Peninsula in Queensland and most of the World Heritage Area in western Tasmania. Infection with B. dendrobatidis has been recorded from 63 frog species in Australia to date, all belonging to the Hylidae, Limnodynastidae, and Myobatrachidae, with the exception of one individual of a species from the Microhylidae and the introduced cane toad of the family Bufonidae. The complete data sets corresponding to abstracts published in the Data Papers section of the journal are published electronically in Ecological Archives at 〈 http://esapubs.org/archive 〉. (The accession number for each Data Paper is given directly beneath the title.)

Nematode sbRNAs: Homologs of Vertebrate Y RNAs - Ilenia Boria; Andreas R. Gruber; Andrea Tanzer; Stephan H. Bernhart; Ronny Lorenz; Michael M. Mueller; Ivo L. Hofacker; Peter F. Stadler (Journal of Molecular Evolution, 2010)

Derivation of the King’s College London human embryonic stem cell lines - Emma L. Stephenson; Peter R. Braude (In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal, 2010)

Developmentally regulated expression of ectonucleotidases NTPDase5 and NTPDase6 and UDP-responsive P2Y receptors in the rat cochlea - Mary G. O’Keeffe; Peter R. Thorne; Gary D. Housley; Simon C. Robson; Srdjan M. Vlajkovic (Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 2010)

Nicotinamide prevents the long-term effects of perinatal asphyxia on apoptosis, non-spatial working memory and anxiety in rats - Paola Morales; Nicola Simola; Diego Bustamante; Francisco Lisboa; Jenny Fiedler; Peter J. Gebicke-Haerter; Micaela Morelli; R. Andrew Tasker; Mario Herrera-Marschitz (Experimental Brain Research, 2010)

Muscle adaptations and performance enhancements of soccer training for untrained men - Peter Krustrup; Jesper F. Christensen; Morten B. Randers; Henrik Pedersen; Emil Sundstrup; Markus D. Jakobsen; Birgitte R. Krustrup; Jens J. Nielsen; Charlotte Suetta; Lars Nybo; Jens Bangsbo (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2010)

RANK-Fc inhibits malignancy via inhibiting ERK activation and evoking caspase-3-mediated anoikis in human osteosarcoma cells - Toru Akiyama; Peter F. M. Choong; Crispin R. Dass (Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 2010)

Erratum to: Nitrogen fertilizer management for nitrous oxide (N2O) mitigation in intensive corn (Maize) production: an emissions reduction protocol for US Midwest agriculture - Neville Millar; G. Philip Robertson; Peter R. Grace; Ron J. Gehl; John P. Hoben (Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2010)

Six quantitative trait loci influence task thresholds for hygienic behaviour in honeybees ( Apis mellifera ) - PETER R. OXLEY; MARLA SPIVAK; BENJAMIN P. OLDROYD (Molecular Ecology, 2010)
Honeybee hygienic behaviour provides colonies with protection from many pathogens and is an important model system of the genetics of a complex behaviour. It is a textbook example of complex behaviour under simple genetic control: hygienic behaviour consists of two components – uncapping a diseased brood cell, followed by removal of the contents – each of which are thought to be modulated independently by a few loci of medium to large effect. A worker’s genetic propensity to engage in hygienic tasks affects the intensity of the stimulus required before she initiates the behaviour. Genetic diversity within colonies leads to task specialization among workers, with a minority of workers performing the majority of nest‐cleaning tasks. We identify three quantitative trait loci that influence the likelihood that workers will engage in hygienic behaviour and account for up to 30% of the phenotypic variability in hygienic behaviour in our population. Furthermore, we identify two loci that influence the likelihood that a worker will perform uncapping behaviour only, and one locus that influences removal behaviour. We report the first candidate genes associated with engaging in hygienic behaviour, including four genes involved in olfaction, learning and social behaviour, and one gene involved in circadian locomotion. These candidates will allow molecular characterization of this distinctive behavioural mode of disease resistance, as well as providing the opportunity for marker‐assisted selection for this commercially significant trait.

Seven years of recent European net terrestrial carbon dioxide exchange constrained by atmospheric observations - W. PETERS; M. C. KROL; G. R. Van Der WERF; S. HOUWELING; C. D. JONES; J. HUGHES; K. SCHAEFER; K. A. MASARIE; A. R. JACOBSON; J. B. MILLER; C. H. CHO; M. RAMONET; et al. (Global Change Biology, 2010)
We present an estimate of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO 2 in Europe for the years 2001–2007. It is derived with a data assimilation that uses a large set of atmospheric CO 2 mole fraction observations (∼70 000) to guide relatively simple descriptions of terrestrial and oceanic net exchange, while fossil fuel and fire emissions are prescribed. Weekly terrestrial sources and sinks are optimized (i.e., a flux inversion) for a set of 18 large ecosystems across Europe in which prescribed climate, weather, and surface characteristics introduce finer scale gradients. We find that the terrestrial biosphere in Europe absorbed a net average of −165 Tg C yr −1 over the period considered. This uptake is predominantly in non‐EU countries, and is found in the northern coniferous (−94 Tg C yr −1 ) and mixed forests (−30 Tg C yr −1 ) as well as the forest/field complexes of eastern Europe (−85 Tg C yr −1 ). An optimistic uncertainty estimate derived using three biosphere models suggests the uptake to be in a range of −122 to −258 Tg C yr −1 , while a more conservative estimate derived from the a‐posteriori covariance estimates is −165±437 Tg C yr −1 . Note, however, that uncertainties are hard to estimate given the nature of the system and are likely to be significantly larger than this. Interannual variability in NEE includes a reduction in uptake due to the 2003 drought followed by 3 years of more than average uptake. The largest anomaly of NEE occurred in 2005 concurrent with increased seasonal cycles of observed CO 2 . We speculate these changes to result from the strong negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation in 2005 that lead to favorable summer growth conditions, and altered horizontal and vertical mixing in the atmosphere. All our results are available through http://www.carbontracker.eu

Last‐century changes of alpine grassland water‐use efficiency: a reconstruction through carbon isotope analysis of a time‐series of Capra ibex horns - INÊS C. R. BARBOSA; IRIS H. KÖHLER; KARL AUERSWALD; PETER LÜPS; HANS SCHNYDER (Global Change Biology, 2010)
The ecophysiological response of an alpine grassland to recent climate change and increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentration was investigated with a new strategy to go back in time: using a time‐series of Capra ibex horns as archives of the alpine grasslands' carbon isotope discrimination ( 13 Δ). From the collection of the Natural History Museum of Bern, horns of 24 males from the population of the Augstmatthorn–Brienzer Rothorn mountains, Switzerland, were sampled covering the period from 1938 to 2006. Samples were taken from the beginning of each year‐ring of the horns, representing the beginning of the horn growth period, the spring. The horns' carbon 13 C content (Δ 13 C) declined together with that of atmospheric CO 2 over the 69‐year period, but 13 Δ increased slightly (+0.4‰), though significantly ( P 2 concentration increased (+56 μmol mol −1 ) less than the atmospheric CO 2 concentration (+81 μmol mol −1 ), so that intrinsic water‐use efficiency increased by 17.8% during the 69‐year period. However, the atmospheric evaporative demand at the site increased by approximately 0.1 kPa between 1955 and 2006, thus counteracting the improvement of intrinsic water‐use efficiency. As a result, instantaneous water‐use efficiency did not change. The observed changes in intrinsic water‐use efficiency were in the same range as those of trees (as reported by others), indicating that leaf‐level control of water‐use efficiency of grassland and forests followed the same principles. This is the first reconstruction of the water‐use efficiency response of a natural grassland ecosystem to last century CO 2 and climatic changes. The results indicate that the alpine grassland community has responded to climate change by improving the physiological control of carbon gain to water loss, following the increases in atmospheric CO 2 and evaporative demand. But, effective leaf‐level water‐use efficiency has remained unchanged.

Crustal sulfur is required to form magmatic Ni–Cu sulfide deposits: evidence from chalcophile element signatures of Siberian and Deccan Trap basalts - Reid R. Keays; Peter C. Lightfoot (Mineralium Deposita, 2010)

PediaFlow™ Maglev Ventricular Assist Device: A Prescriptive Design Approach - James F. Antaki; Michael R. Ricci; Josiah E. Verkaik; Shaun T. Snyder; Timothy M. Maul; Jeongho Kim; Dave B. Paden; Marina V. Kameneva; Bradley E. Paden; Peter D. Wearden; Harvey S. Borovetz (Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology, 2010)

Genomic diversity, population structure, and migration following rapid range expansion in the Balsam Poplar, Populus balsamifera - STEPHEN R. KELLER; MATTHEW S. OLSON; SALIM SILIM; WILLIAM SCHROEDER; PETER TIFFIN (Molecular Ecology, 2010)

A long‐standing Pleistocene refugium in southern Africa and a mosaic of refugia in East Africa: insights from mtDNA and the common eland antelope - Eline D. Lorenzen; Charles Masembe; Peter Arctander; Hans R. Siegismund (Journal of Biogeography, 2010)
Aim Previous genetic studies of African savanna ungulates have indicated Pleistocene refugial areas in East and southern Africa, and recent palynological, palaeovegetation and fossil studies have suggested the presence of a long‐standing refugium in the south and a mosaic of refugia in the east. Phylogeographic analysis of the common eland antelope, Taurotragus oryx (Bovidae), was used to assess these hypotheses and the existence of genetic signatures of Pleistocene climate change. Location The sub‐Saharan savanna biome of East and southern Africa. Methods Mitochondrial DNA control‐region fragments (414 bp) from 122 individuals of common eland were analysed to elucidate the phylogeography, genetic diversity, spatial population structuring, historical migration and demographic history of the species. The phylogeographic split among major genetic lineages was dated using Bayesian coalescent‐based methods and a calibrated fossil root of 1.6 Ma for the split between the common eland and the giant eland, Taurotragus derbianus . Results Two major phylogeographic lineages comprising East and southern African localities, respectively, were separated by a net nucleotide distance of 4.7%. A third intermediate lineage comprised only three haplotypes, from Zimbabwe in southern Africa. The estimated mutation rate of 0.097 Myr −1 revealed a more recent common ancestor for the eastern lineage (0.21 Ma; 0.07–0.37) than for the southern lineage (0.35 Ma; 0.10–0.62). Compared with the latter, the eastern lineage showed pronounced geographic structuring, lower overall nucleotide diversity, higher population differentiation, and isolation‐by‐distance among populations. Main conclusions The data support the hypothesis of Pleistocene refugia occurring in East and southern Africa. In agreement with palynological, palaeovegetation and fossil studies, our data strongly support the presence of a longer‐standing population in the south and a mosaic of Pleistocene refugia in the east, verifying the efficacy of genetic tools in addressing such questions. The more recent origin of the common eland inhabiting East Africa could result from colonization following extinction from the region. Only two other dated African ungulate phylogenies have been published, applying different methods, and the similarity of dates obtained from the three distinct approaches indicates a significant event c . 200 ka, which left a strong genetic signature across a range of ungulate taxa.

Hydrologic Dynamics of the Ground-Water-Dependent Sian Ka’an Wetlands, Mexico, Derived from InSAR and SAR Data - Bibi R. N. Gondwe; Sang-Hoon Hong; Shimon Wdowinski; Peter Bauer-Gottwein (Wetlands, 2010)

Implementing poultry vaccination and biosecurity at the village level in Tanzania: a social strategy to promote health in free-range poultry populations - Peter L. M. Msoffe; David Bunn; A. P. Muhairwa; M. M. A. Mtambo; H. Mwamhehe; A. Msago; M. R. S. Mlozi; Carol J. Cardona (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2010)

Drinking and future thinking: acute effects of alcohol on prospective memory and future simulation - Theadora Paraskevaides; Celia J. A. Morgan; Julie R. Leitz; James A. Bisby; Peter G. Rendell; H. Valerie Curran (Psychopharmacology, 2010)

Copper and zinc bis(thiosemicarbazonato) complexes with a fluorescent tag: synthesis, radiolabelling with copper-64, cell uptake and fluorescence studies - SinChun Lim; Katherine A. Price; Siow-Feng Chong; Brett M. Paterson; Aphrodite Caragounis; Kevin J. Barnham; Peter J. Crouch; Josephine M. Peach; Jonathan R. Dilworth; Anthony R. White; Paul S. Donnelly (JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2010)