Efficacy of Pharmacological Interventions in Targeting Decision-Making Impairments across Substance and Behavioral Addictions - Samuel R. Chamberlain; Jon E. Grant (Neuropsychology Review, 2019)

The mitochondrial Nod-like receptor NLRX1 modifies apoptosis through SARM1 - Samuel A. Killackey; Muhammed A. Rahman; Fraser Soares; Ashley B. Zhang; Mena Abdel-Nour; Dana J. Philpott; Stephen E. Girardin (Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2019)

Spatial–temporal analysis of Aerosol Index (AI) distribution and some climatic factors: case study from Iraq, 1980–2015 - Ali A. Attiya; Brian G. Jones; Samuel Marx (Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 2019)

Irrigation distribution uniformity analysis on a lateral-move irrigation system - Lessandro Coll Faria; Bernardo Gomes Nörenberg; Alberto Colombo; Michael D. Dukes; Luis Carlos Timm; Samuel Beskow; Tamara Leitzke Caldeira (Irrigation Science, 2019)

Photo-Fenton oxidation of Orange G azo dye: process optimization and mineralization mechanism - Jean-Baptiste Tarkwa; Nihal Oturan; Elie Acayanka; Samuel Laminsi; Mehmet A. Oturan (Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2019)

Feedbacks Between Nutrient Enrichment and Geomorphology Alter Bottom-Up Control on Food Webs - James A. Nelson; David Samuel Johnson; Linda A. Deegan; Amanda C. Spivak; Nathalie R. Sommer (Ecosystems, 2019)

Rangeland vulnerability to state transition under global climate change - Carissa L. Wonkka; Dirac Twidwell; Brady W. Allred; Christine H. Bielski; Victoria M. Donovan; Caleb P. Roberts; Samuel D. Fuhlendorf (Climatic Change, 2019)

Food insecure cancer survivors continue to smoke after their diagnosis despite not having enough to eat: implications for policy and clinical interventions - Hermine Poghosyan; Samuel V. Scarpino (Cancer Causes & Control, 2019)

Vanadium in Biological Action: Chemical, Pharmacological Aspects, and Metabolic Implications in Diabetes Mellitus - Samuel Treviño; Alfonso Díaz; Eduardo Sánchez-Lara; Brenda L. Sanchez-Gaytan; Jose Manuel Perez-Aguilar; Enrique González-Vergara (Biological Trace Element Research, 2019)

Correction to: Integrating design thinking with sustainability science: a Research through Design approach - Ray Maher; Melanie Maher; Samuel Mann; Clive A. McAlpine (Sustainability Science, 2019)

Economic impacts of storm surge and the cost-benefit analysis of a coastal spine as the surge mitigation strategy in Houston-Galveston area in the USA - Meri Davlasheridze; Kayode O. Atoba; Samuel Brody; Wesley Highfield; William Merrell; Bruce Ebersole; Adam Purdue; Robert W. Gilmer (Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2019)

Prevalence of β-haemolytic multi-drug resistant E. coli in cow and camel milk in Kenya - Samuel M. Nato; Joseph W. Matofari; Bockline O. Bebe; Christian Huelsebusch (Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety, 2019)

Climatic synchrony and increased outbreaks in allopatric populations of an invasive defoliator - Samuel F. Ward; Brian H. Aukema (Biological Invasions, 2019)

Sex or food? Effects of starvation, size and diet on sexual cannibalism in the amphipod crustacean Gammarus zaddachi - Joseph Edward Ironside; Samuel Thomas Dalgleish; Sean Joseph Kelly; William Payne (Aquatic Ecology, 2019)

Conidae phylogenomics and evolution - Samuel Abalde; Manuel J. Tenorio; Juan E. Uribe; Rafael Zardoya (Zoologica Scripta, 2019)
Understanding the relative role of different evolutionary processes leading to the extraordinary morphological, ecological and species diversity of cone snails requires a robust phylogeny, which thus far has been elusive. Here, we constructed a mitochondrial (mt) genome data set, which included four newly sequenced mt genomes, 25 publicly available mt genomes and 24 data sets with all mt protein‐coding and rRNA genes assembled from venom gland transcriptomes. In total, we analysed 42 different species representing 27 genera of cone snails, that is, about one third of the generic diversity of the group. In addition, we used the RNA‐Seq reads to assemble 21 nuclear genes, which were concatenated in a nuclear data set. Finally, a combined data set including mt and nuclear genes was also constructed. The three data matrices were analysed with probabilistic methods, site‐homogeneous and site‐heterogeneous models, and with protein‐coding genes both at the amino acid and nucleotide levels. Diet specialization, radular morphology and the type of protoconch (paucispiral or multispiral indicating lecithotrophic or planktonic larvae, respectively) as well as conotoxin diversity were mapped onto the reconstructed mt phylogeny, and a chronogram dating mayor cladogenetic events within the group was also reconstructed.

Phylogeography and post‐glacial dynamics in the clonal‐sexual orchid Cypripedium calceolus L. - Roberta Gargiulo; Samuel Pironon; Ekaterina Zheleznaya; Michele D. Sanchez; Zoltan R. Balázs; Dorina Podar; Timothy Wilkinson; Anne Jäkäläniemi; Tiiu Kull; Henry Väre; Michael F. Fay (Journal of Biogeography, 2019)
Aim We investigated the phylogeographical history of a clonal‐sexual orchid, to test the hypothesis that current patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation retain the traces of climatic fluctuations and of the species reproductive system. Location Europe, Siberia and Russian Far East. Taxon Cypripedium calceolus L. (Orchidaceae). Methods Samples (>900, from 56 locations) were genotyped at 11 nuclear microsatellite loci and plastid sequences were obtained for a subset of them. Analysis of genetic structure and approximate Bayesian computations were performed. Species distribution modelling was used to explore the effects of past climatic fluctuations on the species range. Results Analysis of genetic diversity reveals high heterozygosity and allele diversity, with no geographical trend. Three genetic clusters are identified with extant gene pools derived from ancestral demes in glacial refugia. Siberian populations exhibit different plastid haplotypes, supporting an early divergence for the Asian gene pool. Demographic results based on genetic data are compatible with an admixture event explaining differentiation in Estonia and Romania and they are consistent with past climatic dynamics inferred through species distribution modelling. Current population differentiation does not follow isolation by distance model and is compatible with a model of isolation by colonization. Main conclusions The genetic differentiation observed today in C. calceolus preserves the signature of climatic fluctuations in the historical distribution range of the species. Our findings support the central role of clonal reproduction in the reducing loss of diversity through genetic drift. The dynamics of the clonal‐sexual reproduction are responsible for the persistence of ancestral variation and stability during glacial periods and post‐glacial expansion.

Chemical composition and evaluation of antinociceptive activity of the essential oil of Stevia serrata Cav. from Guatemala - Daniel Luiz Reis Simas; Max Samuel Mérida-Reyes; Manuel Alejandro Muñoz-Wug; Millena Santos Cordeiro; Thais Biondino Sardella Giorno; Edwin Adolfo Taracena; Bessie Evelyn Oliva-Hernández; José Vicente Martínez-Arévalo; Patricia Dias Fernandes; Juan Francisco Pérez-Sabino; Antonio Jorge Ribeiro da Silva (Natural Product Research, 2019)

Reproductive seasonality in Saanen goats kept under tropical conditions - Mario Felipe A. Balaro; Samuel Guaraná Valverde de Mello; Alex da Silva Santos; Luiza Mattos Cavalcanti; Nádia Regina Pereira Almosny; Jeferson F. Fonseca; Felipe Z. Brandão (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2019)

A framework to analyse urban sprawl in the French Mediterranean coastal zone - Samuel Robert; Dennis Fox; Guilhem Boulay; Antoine Grandclément; Marie Garrido; Vanina Pasqualini; Aurélie Prévost; Alexandra Schleyer-Lindenmann; Marie-Laure Trémélo (Regional Environmental Change, 2019)

Occurrence of aflatoxins in rice and in cassava (Manihot esculenta) products (meal, bread) produced in Guyana - Donna M. Morrison; David R. Ledoux; Lambert F. B. Chester; Coretta A. N. Samuels (Mycotoxin Research, 2019)

High accumulation of tilianin in in-vitro cultures of Agastache mexicana and its potential vasorelaxant action - Gabriela Carmona-Castro; Samuel Estrada-Soto; Jesús Arellano-García; Luis Arias-Duran; Susana Valencia-Díaz; Irene Perea-Arango (Molecular Biology Reports, 2019)

Correction to: Flavonoid quercetin–methotrexate combination inhibits inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteinase expression, providing protection to joints in collagen-induced arthritis - Nagaraja Haleagrahara; Kelly Hodgson; Socorro Miranda-Hernandez; Samuel Hughes; Anupama Bangra Kulur; Natkunam Ketheesan (Inflammopharmacology, 2019)

Status quo of chemical weed control in rice in sub-Saharan Africa - Jonne Rodenburg; Jean-Martial Johnson; Ibnou Dieng; Kalimuthu Senthilkumar; Elke Vandamme; Cyriaque Akakpo; Moundibaye Dastre Allarangaye; Idriss Baggie; Samuel Oladele Bakare; Ralph Kwame Bam; Ibrahim Bassoro; Bayuh Belay Abera; et al. (Food Security, 2019)

Transcranial Doppler sonography reveals sustained attention deficits in young adults diagnosed with ADHD - Tyler H. Shaw; Timothy W. Curby; Kelly Satterfield; Samuel S. Monfort; Raul Ramirez (Experimental Brain Research, 2019)

Melatonin attenuates bisphenol A-induced toxicity of the adrenal gland of Wistar rats - Samuel Gbadebo Olukole; Damilare Olaniyi Lanipekun; Eunice Olufunke Ola-Davies; Bankole Olusiji Oke (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019)

Geochemical characterization of soil samples from gold mining areas using PIXE spectroscopy - Felix Samuel Olise; Samuel Adedigba Adeojo; Oyediran Kayode Owoade; Oyebamiji Oyedele Oketayo; Solomon Adeniyi Adekola; Akinsehinwa Akinlua (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019)

Daily variation of heavy metal contamination and its potential sources along the major urban wastewater channel in Kampala, Uganda - Dominik Dietler; Mohammed Babu; Guéladio Cissé; Ali A. Halage; Enos Malambala; Samuel Fuhrimann (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2019)

Local and system-wide adaptation is influenced by population connectivity - Patrik Nosil; Víctor Soria-Carrasco; Jeffrey L. Feder; Samuel M. Flaxman; Zach Gompert (Conservation Genetics, 2019)

Resistance to coronavirus infection in amino peptidase N-deficient pigs - Kristin M. Whitworth; Raymond R. R. Rowland; Vlad Petrovan; Maureen Sheahan; Ada G. Cino-Ozuna; Ying Fang; Richard Hesse; Alan Mileham; Melissa S. Samuel; Kevin D. Wells; Randall S. Prather (Transgenic Research, 2019)

Increased dispositional optimism in conservation professionals - Sarah Papworth; Rebecca L. Thomas; Samuel T. Turvey (Biodiversity and Conservation, 2019)

Pre-planting inoculation for early establishment of Dicyphus bolivari and D. errans on tomatoes - Filipe Madeira; Eva Edo; Samuel Sossai; Joan Callizo; Ramon Albajes (BioControl, 2019)

Bovine papillomavirus 24: a novel member of the genus Xipapillomavirus detected in the Amazon region - Cíntia Daudt; Flavio R. C. da Silva; Samuel P. Cibulski; André F. Streck; Rebecca E. Laurie; John S. Munday; Cláudio W. Canal (Archives of Virology, 2019)

Species richness of birds along a complete rain forest elevational gradient in the tropics: Habitat complexity and food resources matter - Katerina Sam; Bonny Koane; David C. Bardos; Samuel Jeppy; Vojtech Novotny (Journal of Biogeography, 2019)
Aim We examined whether the available surface area, temperature, or habitat complexity (foliage height diversity index) determine species richness of birds (and species richness of individual feeding guilds) along a complete forest elevational gradient. Further, we focused on the relationship between species richness of insectivorous birds and the availability of their food resources. Location Elevational gradient (200–3,700 m) of Mt Wilhelm (4,509 m a.s.l.), Central Range, Papua New Guinea. Taxon Birds. Methods We collected data on bird communities at eight sites (500 m elevational increment) during three surveys encompassing both dry and wet seasons over a 2‐year period. We used point counts, mist‐netting, and random walks throughout a standardized area. We tested three predictors of diversity and all of their combinations, in conjunction with sensitivity analyses for spatial effects. Habitat complexity (foliage height diversity index) and temperature were locally measured; surface area available within 200 m elevational intervals was obtained using GIS software. We further locally surveyed insect biomass and related it to species richness of insectivorous birds. Results Birds displayed a monotonic decline in species richness (from 113 to 35 bird species) with increasing elevation, and a nested pattern of species loss. The observed patterns were best explained by habitat complexity for the insectivores, frugivore‐insectivores, and total number of bird species. The available surface area was the best predictor for frugivorous birds. The mean temperature had a high correlation with species richness of all birds and gave the best fit of species richness for insectivore‐nectarivores and pure nectarivores. The biomass of insectivorous birds correlated with the biomass of arthropods. We ruled out the possibility that the elevational pattern observed in birds could be driven by a single phylogenetic radiation. Main conclusions We observed species richness patterns correlate well with habitat complexity and mean temperature, but mean temperature was not ranked as high as expected. Our results thus challenge the generally expected high importance of temperature as a regulator of water availability, production, and biochemical process that influence species richness, and underscore the importance of vegetation structure and the food resources as the driver of observed species richness.

High‐resolution characterization of the abiotic environment and disturbance regimes on the Great Barrier Reef, 1985–2017 - Samuel A. Matthews; Camille Mellin; Aaron MacNeil; Scott F. Heron; William Skirving; Marji Puotinen; Michelle J. Devlin; Morgan Pratchett (Ecology, 2019)
This data compilation synthesizes 36 static environmental and spatial variables, and temporally explicit modeled estimates of three major disturbances to coral cover on the Great Barrier Reef ( GBR ): (1) coral bleaching, (2) tropical cyclones, and (3) outbreaks of the coral‐eating crown‐of‐thorns starfish Acanthaster cf. solaris . Data are provided on a standardized grid (0.01° × 0.01° ~ 1 × 1 km) for reef locations along the GBR , containing 15,928 pixels and excluding the northernmost sections ( GBR reef locations at a fine spatial scale to be used in the development of complex ecosystem models. Static estimates of environmental variables (e.g., depth, bed shear stress, average temperature, temperature variation) originally developed by the Commonwealth of Australia's Environment Research Facility ( CERF ) Marine Biodiversity Hub were provided by Geoscience Australia. Annual (1985–2017) disturbance estimates were either interpolated from empirical data ( A . cf. solaris ), predicted from proxy indicators (e.g., degree heating weeks [ DHW ] as a proxy for bleaching severity), or explicitly modeled (e.g., wave height model for each cyclone). This data set synthesizes some of the most recent advances in remote sensing and modeling of environmental conditions on the GBR ; yet it is not exhaustive and we highlight areas that should be expanded through future research. The characterization of abiotic and disturbance regimes presented here represent an essential tool for the development of complex regional scale models of the GBR ; preventing redundancy between working groups and promoting collaboration, innovation, and consistency. When using the data set, we kindly request that you cite this article and/or the articles cited in the reference section, recognizing the work that went into compiling the data together and the original authors' willingness to make it publicly available.

How Has the Rewritten Code of Ethics Held Up? - Samuel J Radcliffe (Journal of Forestry, 2019)

Multidimensional Observations of Dissolution-Driven Convection in Simple Porous Media Using X-ray CT Scanning - Rebecca Liyanage; Jiajun Cen; Samuel Krevor; John P. Crawshaw; Ronny Pini (Transport in Porous Media, 2019)

Simulation of climate characteristics and extremes of the Volta Basin using CCLM and RCA regional climate models - Deborah Darko; Kwaku A. Adjei; Emmanuel K. Appiah-Adjei; Samuel N. Odai; Emmanuel Obuobie; Ruby Asmah (Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2019)

Spatiotemporal variations of the twentieth century Tibetan Plateau precipitation based on the monthly 2.5° reconstructed data - Samuel S. P. Shen; Gregori Clarke; Bo-Wen Shen; Tandong Yao (Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2019)

Sodium acetate improves disrupted glucoregulation and hepatic triglyceride content in insulin-resistant female rats: involvement of adenosine deaminase and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activities - Tolulope Eniola Omolekulo; Olugbenga Samuel Michael; Lawrence Aderemi Olatunji (Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 2019)

Oral ethinylestradiol-levonorgestrel attenuates cardiac glycogen and triglyceride accumulation in high fructose female rats by suppressing pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 - Kehinde Samuel Olaniyi; Lawrence Aderemi Olatunji (Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, 2019)

Physiological responses to hypoxic constant-load and high-intensity interval exercise sessions in healthy subjects - S. Chacaroun; I. Vega-Escamilla y Gonzalez; P. Flore; S. Doutreleau; Samuel Verges (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2019)

Riverine Sediment Contribution to Distal Deltaic Wetlands: Fourleague Bay, LA - Giancarlo A. Restreppo; Samuel J. Bentley; Jiaze Wang; Kehui Xu (Estuaries and Coasts, 2019)

Impact of rice husk nanoparticle on the performance and emission aspects of a diesel engine running on blends of pine oil-diesel - Mebin Samuel Panithasan; Devaradjane Gopalakichenin; Gnanamoorthi Venkadesan; Sudhagar Veeraraagavan (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019)

A Rapidly Expanding Macroalga Acts as a Foundational Species Providing Trophic Support and Habitat in the South Pacific - Sarah Joy Bittick; Rachel J. Clausing; Caitlin R. Fong; Samuel R. Scoma; Peggy Fong (Ecosystems, 2019)

Observed increase in extreme daily rainfall in the French Mediterranean - Aurélien Ribes; Soulivanh Thao; Robert Vautard; Brigitte Dubuisson; Samuel Somot; Jeanne Colin; Serge Planton; Jean-Michel Soubeyroux (Climate Dynamics, 2019)

Informing marine protected areas in Bimini, Bahamas by considering hotspots for green turtles (Chelonia mydas) - Mariana M. P. B. Fuentes; Anthony J. Gillis; Simona A. Ceriani; Tristan L. Guttridge; Maurits P. M. Van Zinnicq Bergmann; Matthew Smukall; Samuel H. Gruber; Natalie Wildermann (Biodiversity and Conservation, 2019)

Coupled long‐term limnological data and sedimentary records reveal new control on water quality in a eutrophic lake - Jake R. Walsh; Jessica R. Corman; Samuel E. Munoz (Limnology and Oceanography, 2019)
Human impacts on freshwater ecosystems are pervasive, but the short and discontinuous nature of most datasets limits our ability to understand the controls on water quality and effectively manage freshwater resources. We examine change in Lake Mendota (Madison, Wisconsin) over the last two centuries by pairing analyses of a sedimentary archive with the site's > 100 yr limnological record. We show that eutrophication of the lake, evident as an abrupt shift in sediment composition, began in the late 19 th century following the intensification of urban and agricultural land use in the watershed. Efforts to address deterioration of lake water quality, including the removal of point‐source pollutants and biomanipulation, have had a measurable influence on sediment composition and water clarity. Since the early 1980s, quasi‐seasonal cycles of phytoplankton blooms have induced calcite precipitation, leaving distinct laminations in the sedimentary record. These “whiting events” evidently did not accumulate in lake sediments until the late 20 th century, indicating that efforts to remediate water quality have shifted the lake to a new ecosystem state. Calcite whitings can improve water quality in eutrophic lakes by coprecipitation with phosphate, increasing phosphorus (P) burial in lake sediments. Using long‐term limnological records, we report negative correlations between calcite saturation indices and P in lake surface waters and show that calcite whitings could partially explain recent P decline in Lake Mendota surface waters. Our study reveals a previously uncharacterized potential control on water quality in this eutrophic lake and demonstrates the benefit of coupling long‐term limnological data with sedimentary records.

No apparent negative tagging effects after 13 years at liberty for lemon shark, Negaprion brevirostris implanted with acoustic transmitter - Matthew J. Smukall; Steven T. Kessel; Bryan R. Franks; Kevin A. Feldheim; Tristan L. Guttridge; Samuel H. Gruber (Journal of Fish Biology, 2019)
An intact and uncompromised internal acoustic transmitter was non‐lethally recovered from a lemon shark Negaprion brevirostris , after 13 years at liberty. The shark, first tagged at an estimated age of 2 years old near South Bimini, Bahamas in 2004, was recaptured in 2017 with a total length of 264 cm. The tagged shark displayed typical growth rate, pregnancy, natal homing and pupping behaviour of other individuals in this population. This observation provides important evidence regarding the effects from long‐term retention of implanted acoustic transmitters in a carcharhinid shark.

Non‐native species and lake warming negatively affect Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus abundance; deep thermal refugia facilitate co‐existence - Emma Morrissey‐McCaffrey; Samuel Shephard; Fiona L. Kelly; Mary Kelly‐Quinn (Journal of Fish Biology, 2019)
This study finds that non‐native species and warming temperatures have significant negative effects on Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus abundance in Irish lakes. Eutrophication was not important at the range of total phosphorus tested (0.005–0.023 mg l −1 ). Model results predict that S. alpinus occur across the temperature range sampled (8.2–19.7°C) when non‐natives are absent, but S. alpinus catch is predicted to be close to zero irrespective of temperature when non‐native catch is high. This result indicates that to persist, S. alpinus may require a habitat where non‐natives are at low abundance or absent. Salvelinus alpinus segregated from other species along the thermal axis, inhabiting significantly colder water and actively avoided non‐native species, which appeared to limit their distribution. The thermal niche realized by S. alpinus in non‐native dominated lakes was thus compressed relative to native dominated lakes and S. alpinus population density was significantly lower. These findings were consistent even when the only non‐native present was Perca fluviatilis . Temperature appeared to limit the distribution of non‐native species, such that the presence of deep thermal refugia is currently facilitating S. alpinus co‐existence with non‐natives in associated lakes. Diet analysis identified P. fluviatilis as potential predators and competitors. This study provides strong evidence that non‐native species are a key driver of low S. alpinus abundance in Irish lakes. Temperature increases associated with climate change are identified as a secondary concern, as they could erode S. alpinus ' thermal niche and lead to their extirpation. The lower thermal buffering capacity of shallow lakes identifies these as higher risk systems. Salvelinus alpinus conservation in Ireland should focus on preventing future illegal non‐native species introductions because unlike other stressors ( e.g ., eutrophication etc.), species introductions are rarely reversible.

Near‐future forest vulnerability to drought and fire varies across the western United States - Polly C. Buotte; Samuel Levis; Beverly E. Law; Tara W. Hudiburg; David E. Rupp; Jeffery J. Kent (Global Change Biology, 2019)
Recent prolonged droughts and catastrophic wildfires in the western United States have raised concerns about the potential for forest mortality to impact forest structure, forest ecosystem services, and the economic vitality of communities in the coming decades. We used the Community Land Model (CLM) to determine forest vulnerability to mortality from drought and fire by the year 2049. We modified CLM to represent 13 major forest types in the western United States and ran simulations at a 4‐km grid resolution, driven with climate projections from two general circulation models under one emissions scenario (RCP 8.5). We developed metrics of vulnerability to short‐term extreme and prolonged drought based on annual allocation to stem growth and net primary productivity. We calculated fire vulnerability based on changes in simulated future area burned relative to historical area burned. Simulated historical drought vulnerability was medium to high in areas with observations of recent drought‐related mortality. Comparisons of observed and simulated historical area burned indicate simulated future fire vulnerability could be underestimated by 3% in the Sierra Nevada and overestimated by 3% in the Rocky Mountains. Projections show that water‐limited forests in the Rocky Mountains, Southwest, and Great Basin regions will be the most vulnerable to future drought‐related mortality, and vulnerability to future fire will be highest in the Sierra Nevada and portions of the Rocky Mountains. High carbon‐density forests in the Pacific coast and western Cascades regions are projected to be the least vulnerable to either drought or fire. Importantly, differences in climate projections lead to only 1% of the domain with conflicting low and high vulnerability to fire and no area with conflicting drought vulnerability. Our drought vulnerability metrics could be incorporated as probabilistic mortality rates in earth system models, enabling more robust estimates of the feedbacks between the land and atmosphere over the 21st century.

Pollen limitation as a main driver of fruiting dynamics in oak populations - Éliane Schermer; Marie‐Claude Bel‐Venner; David Fouchet; Aurélie Siberchicot; Vincent Boulanger; Thomas Caignard; Michel Thibaudon; Gilles Oliver; Manuel Nicolas; Jean‐Michel Gaillard; Sylvain Delzon; Samuel Venner (Ecology Letters, 2019)
In many perennial wind‐pollinated plants, the dynamics of seed production is commonly known to be highly fluctuating from year to year and synchronised among individuals within populations. The proximate causes of such seeding dynamics, called masting, are still poorly understood in oak species that are widespread in the northern hemisphere, and whose fruiting dynamics dramatically impacts forest regeneration and biodiversity. Combining long‐term surveys of oak airborne pollen amount and acorn production over large‐scale field networks in temperate areas, and a mechanistic modelling approach, we found that the pollen dynamics is the key driver of oak masting. Mechanisms at play involved both internal resource allocation to pollen production synchronised among trees and spring weather conditions affecting the amount of airborne pollen available for reproduction. The sensitivity of airborne pollen to weather conditions might make oak masting and its ecological consequences highly sensitive to climate change.

Dynamics of Prochlorococcus Diversity and Photoacclimation During Short-Term Shifts in Water Column Stratification at Station ALOHA - Anne W. Thompson; Ger van den Engh; Nathan A. Ahlgren; Kathleen Kouba; Samantha Ward; Samuel T. Wilson; David M. Karl (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2018)

Iloneoside: a cytotoxic ditigloylated pregnane glycoside from the leaves of Gongronema latifolium Benth - Gideon Ampoma Gyebi; Joseph Oluwatope Adebayo; Olufunke Esan Olorundare; Antoni Pardede; Masayuki Ninomiya; Afolabi Olanrewaju Saheed; Abiola Samuel Babatunde; Mamoru Koketsu (Natural Product Research, 2018)

Coral Larvae Every Day: Leptastrea purpurea, a Brooding Species That Could Accelerate Coral Research - Samuel Nietzer; Mareen Moeller; Makoto Kitamura; Peter J. Schupp (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2018)

Screening of plant growth promotion ability among bacteria isolated from field-grown sorghum under different managements in Brazilian drylands - Jéssica Fernanda da Silva; Thaise Rosa da Silva; Indra Elena Costa Escobar; Ana Carla Resende Fraiz; Jonnathan Whiny Moraes dos Santos; Tailane Ribeiro do Nascimento; João Marcos Rodrigues dos Santos; Samuel James Windsor Peters; Roseli Freire de Melo; Diana Signor; Paulo Ivan Fernandes-Júnior (World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2018)

Impact of Future Climate Change on Water Temperature and Thermal Habitat for Keystone Fishes in the Lower Saint John River, Canada - Stephen J. Dugdale; R. Allen Curry; André St-Hilaire; Samuel N. Andrews (Water Resources Management, 2018)

Assessment of workplace accident risks in underground collieries by integrating a multi-goal cause-and-effect analysis method with MCDM sensitivity analysis - Ezzeddin Bakhtavar; Samuel Yousefi (Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 2018)

P2Y2 and P2Y6 receptor activation elicits intracellular calcium responses in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells - Seema Ali; Jeremy Turner; Samuel J. Fountain (Purinergic Signalling, 2018)

Beneficial Effects of the Calcium Channel Blocker CTK 01512-2 in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis - Rodrigo B. M. Silva; Samuel Greggio; Gianina T. Venturin; Jaderson C. da Costa; Marcus V. Gomez; Maria M. Campos (Molecular Neurobiology, 2018)

Seismic based characterization of total organic content from the marine Sembar shale, Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan - Omer Aziz; Tahir Hussain; Matee Ullah; Asher Samuel Bhatti; Aamir Ali (Marine Geophysical Research, 2018)

Regional-scale back-analysis using TRIGRS: an approach to advance landslide hazard modeling and prediction in sparse data regions - Luke Weidner; Thomas Oommen; Rüdiger Escobar-Wolf; K. S. Sajinkumar; Rinu A. Samuel (Landslides, 2018)

Effects of access to credit and income on dietary diversity in Ghana - Samuel Kobina Annim; Raymond Boadi Frempong (Food Security, 2018)

Fecal calprotectin concentrations in cancer patients with Clostridium difficile infection - Taojun He; Samuel E. Kaplan; Luz A. Gomez; Xuedong Lu; Lakshmi V. Ramanathan; Mini Kamboj; Yi-Wei Tang (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2018)

Development and implementation of eco-genomic tools for aquatic ecosystem biomonitoring: the SYNAQUA French-Swiss program - Estelle Lefrançois; Laure Apothéloz-Perret-Gentil; Philippe Blancher; Samuel Botreau; Cécile Chardon; Laura Crepin; Tristan Cordier; Arielle Cordonier; Isabelle Domaizon; Benoit J. D. Ferrari; Julie Guéguen; Jean-Christophe Hustache; et al. (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018)

BRC4Env, a network of Biological Resource Centres for research in environmental and agricultural sciences - Christian Mougin; Emmanuelle Artige; Frédéric Marchand; Samuel Mondy; Céline Ratié; Nadine Sellier; Philippe Castagnone-Sereno; Armelle Cœur D’Acier; Daniel Esmenjaud; Céline Faivre-Primot; Laurent Granjon; Valérie Hamelet; et al. (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018)

Aerial and terrestrial-based monitoring of channel erosion, headcutting, and sinuosity - Samuel E. Cox; Dennis L. Doncaster; Peter E. Godfrey; Michael D. Londe (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2018)

Multiple Aneurysms AnaTomy CHallenge 2018 (MATCH): Phase I: Segmentation - Philipp Berg; Samuel Voß; Sylvia Saalfeld; Gábor Janiga; Aslak W. Bergersen; Kristian Valen-Sendstad; Jan Bruening; Leonid Goubergrits; Andreas Spuler; Nicole M. Cancelliere; David A. Steinman; Vitor M. Pereira; et al. (Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology, 2018)

Num1 versus NuMA: insights from two functionally homologous proteins - Samuel R. Greenberg; Weimin Tan; Wei-Lih Lee (Biophysical Reviews, 2018)

Evaluation of the serum virome in calves persistently infected with Pestivirus A, presenting or not presenting mucosal disease - Matheus N. Weber; Samuel P. Cibulski; Simone Silveira; Franciele M. Siqueira; Ana Cristina S. Mósena; Mariana S. da Silva; Juliana C. Olegário; Ana Paula M. Varela; Thaís F. Teixeira; Matheus V. Bianchi; David Driemeier; Saulo P. Pavarini; et al. (Virus Genes, 2018)

Evolving Teeth Within a Stable Masticatory Apparatus in Orkney Mice - Sabrina Renaud; Ronan Ledevin; Louise Souquet; Helder Gomes Rodrigues; Samuel Ginot; Sylvie Agret; Julien Claude; Anthony Herrel; Lionel Hautier (Evolutionary Biology, 2018)

Correction to: A metagenomic study of the rumen virome in domestic caprids - Samuel Namonyo; Maina Wagacha; Solomon Maina; Lillian Wambua; Morris Agaba (Archives of Virology, 2018)

A metagenomic study of the rumen virome in domestic caprids - Samuel Namonyo; Maina Wagacha; Solomon Maina; Lillian Wambua; Morris Agaba (Archives of Virology, 2018)

Future Directions in the Research and Management of Marine Snakes - Vinay Udyawer; Peter Barnes; Xavier Bonnet; François Brischoux; Jenna M. Crowe-Riddell; Blanche D’Anastasi; Bryan G. Fry; Amber Gillett; Claire Goiran; Michael L. Guinea; Harold Heatwole; Michelle R. Heupel; et al. (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2018)

Effects of consumer use practices on nanosilver release from commercially available food contact materials - Susana Addo Ntim; Samuel Norris; David G. Goodwin; Jens Breffke; Keana Scott; Lipiin Sung; Treye A. Thomas; Gregory O. Noonan (Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 2018)

Temporal patterns of ungulate herbivory and phenology of aspen regeneration and defense - Aaron C. Rhodes; Randy T. Larsen; Jordan D. Maxwell; Samuel B. St. Clair (Oecologia, 2018)

The Effects of Non-selective Dopamine Receptor Activation by Apomorphine in the Mouse Hippocampus - Luis Enrique Arroyo-García; Rubén Antonio Vázquez-Roque; Alfonso Díaz; Samuel Treviño; Fidel De La Cruz; Gonzalo Flores; Antonio Rodríguez-Moreno (Molecular Neurobiology, 2018)

Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis mRNA using digital PCR as a more accurate marker of viable organism - Samuel Phillips; Lenka A. Vodstrcil; Wilhelmina M. Huston; Amba Lawerence; Peter Timms; Marcus Y. Chen; Karen Worthington; Ruthy McIver; Catriona S. Bradshaw; Suzanne M. Garland; Sepehr N. Tabrizi; Jane S. Hocking (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2018)

Drosophila melanogaster as model organism for monitoring and analyzing genotoxicity associated with city air pollution - Samuel Lima de Santana; Cícero Jorge Verçosa; Ícaro Fillipe de Araújo Castro; Érima Maria de Amorim; André Severino da Silva; Thiago Moura da Rocha Bastos; Luiz Joaquim da Silva Neto; Thiago Oliveira dos Santos; Elvis Joacir De França; Claudia Rohde (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018)

Atmospheric monitoring of organochlorine pesticides across some West African countries - Nahomi Isogai; Jonathan N. Hogarh; Nobuyasu Seike; Yuso Kobara; Femi Oyediran; Mengnjo J. Wirmvem; Samuel N. Ayonghe; Julius Fobil; Shigeki Masunaga (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018)

Future evolution of extreme precipitation in the Mediterranean - Yves Tramblay; Samuel Somot (Climatic Change, 2018)

Integrating design thinking with sustainability science: a Research through Design approach - Ray Maher; Melanie Maher; Samuel Mann; Clive A. McAlpine (Sustainability Science, 2018)
Design disciplines have a long history of creating well-integrated solutions to challenges which are complex, uncertain and contested by multiple stakeholders. Society faces similar challenges in implementing the Sustainable Development Goals, so design methods hold much potential. While principles of good design are well established, there has been limited integration of design thinking with sustainability science. To advance this integration, we examine the process of designing MetaMAP: an interactive graphic tool for collaborating to understand social–ecological systems and design well-integrated solutions. MetaMAP was created using Research through Design methods which integrate creative and scientific thinking. By applying design thinking, researchers and practitioners from different backgrounds undertook multiple cycles of problem framing, solution development, testing and reflection. The testing was highly collaborative involving over 150 people from diverse disciplines in workshops, case studies, interviews and critique. Reflecting on this process, we discuss design principles and opportunities for integrating design thinking with sustainability science to help achieve Sustainable Development Goals.

Rock physics analysis and Gassmann’s fluid substitution for reservoir characterization of “G” field, Niger Delta - James Sunday Abe; Paul Irikefe Edigbue; Samuel Gbolahan Lawrence (Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2018)

Fluorescent reporter transgenic mice for in vivo live imaging of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis - Susan J. Doh; Michael Yamakawa; Samuel M. Santosa; Mario Montana; Kai Guo; Joseph R. Sauer; Nicholas Curran; Kyu-Yeon Han; Charles Yu; Masatsugu Ema; Mark I. Rosenblatt; Jin-Hong Chang; et al. (Angiogenesis, 2018)

Signatures of genetic adaptation to extremely varied Australian environments in introduced European house sparrows - Samuel C. Andrew; Henrik Jensen; Ingerid J. Hagen; Sarah Lundregan; Simon C. Griffith (Molecular Ecology, 2018)
Due to its history of multiple introductions to novel environments worldwide, the house sparrow has been used as a model species to study local adaption in invasive avian species. New genomic resources such as a custom 200K SNP array and a house sparrow reference genome provide great prospects for studying rapid local adaptation in this invasive species. Here, we analyse high‐density genomewide genetic data collected across an extensive range of temperate, arid and tropical climates, in Australian populations that were introduced from Europe 150 years ago. We used two population differentiation ( PD ) and two ecological association ( EA ) methods to identify putative loci subject to selection across these varied climates. A majority of the outlier SNP s were identified through the use of the latent factor mixed models ( LFMM ) EA method, but the BayeScEnv EA method had the strongest overlap with the outliers from the two PD methods. Out of all the 971 outliers identified across the different methods, 38.3% were physically linked (within 20 kbps) to 575 known protein‐coding regions in the house sparrow reference genome. Interestingly, some outlier genes had been previously identified in genome scan studies of broadly distributed species or had strong links to traits that are expected to be important to local adaptation, for example, heat‐shock proteins, immune response and HOX genes. However, many outliers still have unknown relevance and some outliers can be false positives. Our results identify an opportunity to use the house sparrow model to further study local adaptation in an invasive species.

Demographic inference in barn swallows using whole‐genome data shows signal for bottleneck and subspecies differentiation during the Holocene - Chris C. R. Smith; Samuel M. Flaxman; Elizabeth S. C. Scordato; Nolan C. Kane; Amanda K. Hund; Basma M. Sheta; Rebecca J. Safran (Molecular Ecology, 2018)
Accounting for historical demographic features is vital for many types of evolutionary inferences, including the estimation of divergence times between closely related populations. In barn swallow, Hirundo rustica , inferring historical population sizes and subspecies divergence times can shed light on the recent co‐evolution of this species with humans. Pairwise sequentially Markovian coalescent uncovered population growth beginning on the order of one million years ago—which may reflect the radiation of the broader Hirundo genus—and a more recent population decline. Additionally, we used approximate Bayesian computation to evaluate hypotheses about recent timescale barn swallow demography, including population growth due to human commensalism, and a potential founder event associated with the onset of nesting on human structures. We found signal for a bottleneck event approximately 7,700 years ago, near the time that humans began building substantial structures, although there was considerable uncertainty associated with this estimate. Subspecies differentiation and subsequent growth occurred after the bottleneck in the best‐supported model, an order of magnitude more recently than previous estimates in this system. We also compared results obtained from whole‐genome sequencing versus reduced representation sequencing, finding many similar results despite substantial allelic dropout in the reduced representation data, which may have affected estimates of some parameters. This study presents the first genetic evidence of a potential barn swallow founder effect and subspecies divergence coinciding with the Holocene, which is an important step in analysing the biogeographical history of a well‐known human commensal species.

Thiamin (vitamin B 1 ) content in phytoplankton and zooplankton in the presence of filamentous cyanobacteria - Emil Fridolfsson; Elin Lindehoff; Catherine Legrand; Samuel Hylander (Limnology and Oceanography, 2018)
Top predators in several aquatic food webs regularly display elevated reproductive failure, caused by thiamin (vitamin B 1 ) deficiency. The reasons for these low‐thiamin levels are not understood and information about the transfer of thiamin from the producers (bacteria and phytoplankton) to higher trophic levels is limited. One main concern is whether cyanobacterial blooms could negatively affect thiamin transfer in aquatic systems. Laboratory experiments with Baltic Sea plankton communities and single phytoplankton species were used to study the effect of filamentous cyanobacteria on the transfer of thiamin from phytoplankton to zooplankton. Experiments showed that the thiamin content in copepods was reduced when exposed to elevated levels of cyanobacteria, although filamentous cyanobacteria had higher levels of thiamin than any other analyzed phytoplankton species. Filamentous cyanobacteria also had a negative effect on copepod egg production despite high concentrations of non‐cyanobacterial food. Phytoplankton species composition affected overall thiamin concentration with relatively more thiamin available for transfer when the relative abundance of Dinophyceae was higher. Finally, phytoplankton thiamin levels were lower when copepods were abundant, indicating that grazers affect thiamin levels in phytoplankton community, likely by selective feeding. Overall, high levels of thiamin in phytoplankton communities are not reflected in the copepod community. We conclude that presence of filamentous cyanobacteria during summer potentially reduces the transfer of thiamin to higher trophic levels by negatively affecting phytoplankton and copepod thiamin content as well as copepod reproduction, thereby lowering the absolute capacity of the food web to transfer thiamin through copepods to higher trophic levels.

Stratigraphic pollen analysis performed on a late Pleistocene cypress forest preserved on the northern Gulf of Mexico continental shelf - Carl A. Reese; Grant L. Harley; Kristine L. DeLong; Samuel J. Bentley SR.; Kehui Xu; Suyapa Gonzalez; Jonathan T. Truong; Jeffrey Obelcz; Alicia Caporaso (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2018)
Stratigraphic pollen analysis of terrestrial peat–mud layers from a buried bald cypress ( Taxodium distichum ) forest allows study of autochthonous fossil pollen profiles from a glacial refugium along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast in the context of fluctuating sea levels. The site is in 18 m of water, offshore from Orange Beach, Alabama, USA. Exposed cypress stumps are in growth position, still rooted in sediment. Radiocarbon dating of peat and optically stimulated luminescence dating of subjacent sediments yielded an age range of 72–45 ka. We hypothesize the site was rapidly buried by floodplain aggradation from pulsed sea‐level rise during the glacial interval. Pollen results from the lowermost peat layer are consistent with a bald cypress − tupelo gum ( Nyssa aquatica ) backwater forest. This was followed by a brief transitional period where the pollen assemblage is similar to Atlantic Coastal Plain Blackwater Levee/Bar Forests, but may be evidence of a no‐modern analog community. Final Pleistocene pollen spectra indicate a more open environment, dominated by grasses (Poaceae) and sedges (Cyperaceae).

Coexistence of pike Esox lucius and brown trout Salmo trutta in Irish lakes - Paul McLoone; Samuel Shephard; Karen Delanty; Kieran Rocks; Rory Feeney; Fiona Kelly (Journal of Fish Biology, 2018)
An environmental study of pike Esox lucius recorded their presence in 522 Irish lakes and that they coexisted with brown trout Salmo trutta in 97 of these. Statistical models, accounting for spatial non‐independence among lakes, suggested that lakes with greater area, maximum depth and stream connectivity show a higher probability of coexistence. Introductions of E. lucius are likely to have negative effects on S. trutta stocks in small isolated lakes, but coexistence may be possible in larger systems.

Dichomitus squalens partially tailors its molecular responses to the composition of solid wood - Paul Daly; Sara Casado López; Mao Peng; Christopher S. Lancefield; Samuel O. Purvine; Young‐Mo Kim; Erika M. Zink; Alice Dohnalkova; Vasanth R. Singan; Anna Lipzen; David Dilworth; Mei Wang; et al. (Environmental Microbiology, 2018)
Summary White‐rot fungi, such as Dichomitus squalens , degrade all wood components and inhabit mixed‐wood forests containing both soft‐ and hardwood species. In this study, we evaluated how D. squalens responded to the compositional differences in softwood [guaiacyl (G) lignin and higher mannan content] and hardwood [syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) lignin and higher xylan content] using semi‐natural solid cultures. Spruce (softwood) and birch (hardwood) sticks were degraded by D. squalens as measured by oxidation of the lignins using 2D‐NMR. The fungal response as measured by transcriptomics, proteomics and enzyme activities showed a partial tailoring to wood composition. Mannanolytic transcripts and proteins were more abundant in spruce cultures, while a proportionally higher xylanolytic activity was detected in birch cultures. Both wood types induced manganese peroxidases to a much higher level than laccases, but higher transcript and protein levels of the manganese peroxidases were observed on the G‐lignin rich spruce. Overall, the molecular responses demonstrated a stronger adaptation to the spruce rather than birch composition, possibly because D. squalens is mainly found degrading softwoods in nature, which supports the ability of the solid wood cultures to reflect the natural environment.

Nitrogen Limitation of the Summer Phytoplankton and Heterotrophic Prokaryote Communities in the Chukchi Sea - Matthew M. Mills; Zachary W. Brown; Samuel R. Laney; Eva Ortega-Retuerta; Kate E. Lowry; Gert L. van Dijken; Kevin R. Arrigo (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2018)

Role of Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase Pathway in NMDA Preconditioning: Different Mechanisms for Seizures and Hippocampal Neuronal Degeneration Induced by Quinolinic Acid - Leandra C. Constantino; Luisa B. Binder; Samuel Vandresen-Filho; Giordano G. Viola; Fabiana K. Ludka; Mark W. Lopes; Rodrigo B. Leal; Carla I. Tasca (Neurotoxicity Research, 2018)

Isolation of microsatellite loci in the African tree species Staudtia kamerunensis (Myristicaceae) using high-throughput sequencing - Samuel Vanden Abeele; Olivier J. Hardy; Steven B. Janssens (Molecular Biology Reports, 2018)

Evidence of pathogenic variation in Sclerospora graminicola populations from pearl millet growing regions in Senegal - Ghislain Kanfany; Yedomon Ange Bovys Zoclanclounon; Pangirayi Tongoona; Agyemang Danquah; Samuel Kwame Offei; Amadou Fofana; Cheikh Thiaw; Eric Yirenkyi Danquah; Ndiaga Cisse (Journal of Plant Pathology, 2018)

A 1600-year record of human impacts on a floodplain lake in the Mississippi River Valley - Richard B. Brugam; Samuel E. Munoz (Journal of Paleolimnology, 2018)

Flavonoid quercetin–methotrexate combination inhibits inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteinase expression, providing protection to joints in collagen-induced arthritis - Nagaraja Haleagrahara; Kelly Hodgson; Socorro Miranda-Hernandez; Samuel Hughes; Anupama Bangra Kulur; Natkunam Ketheesan (Inflammopharmacology, 2018)

Aortic stiffness, central pulse pressure and cognitive function following acute resistance exercise - Samuel Palmiere; Marcus Wade; Jacob P. DeBlois; Wesley K. Lefferts; Kevin S. Heffernan (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2018)

Beyond Metrics? The Role of Hydrologic Baseline Archetypes in Environmental Water Management - Belize A. Lane; Samuel Sandoval-Solis; Eric D. Stein; Sarah M. Yarnell; Gregory B. Pasternack; Helen E. Dahlke (Environmental Management, 2018)

Determinants of households’ involvement in waste separation and collection for recycling in South Africa - Abayomi Samuel Oyekale (Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2018)

Micro-level social vulnerability assessment towards climate change adaptation in semi-arid Ghana, West Africa - Biola K. Badmos; Ademola A. Adenle; Sampson K. Agodzo; Grace B. Villamor; Daniel K. Asare-Kyei; Laouali M. Amadou; Samuel N. Odai (Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2018)

Conservation genomics reveals possible illegal trade routes and admixture across pangolin lineages in Southeast Asia - Helen C. Nash; Wirdateti; Gabriel W. Low; Siew Woh Choo; Ju Lian Chong; Gono Semiadi; Ranjeev Hari; Muhammad Hafiz Sulaiman; Samuel T. Turvey; Theodore A. Evans; Frank E. Rheindt (Conservation Genetics, 2018)

Temperature-related mortality impacts under and beyond Paris Agreement climate change scenarios - Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera; Yuming Guo; Francesco Sera; Veronika Huber; Carl-Friedrich Schleussner; Dann Mitchell; Shilu Tong; Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Staglior Coelho; Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva; Eric Lavigne; Patricia Matus Correa; Nicolas Valdes Ortega; et al. (Climatic Change, 2018)

Implications of indicator aggregation methods for global change vulnerability reduction efforts - Elia A Machado; Samuel Ratick (Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2018)

Effects of acclimatisation on behavioural repeatability in two behaviour assays of the guppy Poecilia reticulata - Samuel J. O’Neill; Jane E. Williamson; Louise Tosetto; Culum Brown (Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 2018)

Production of chlorzoxazone glucuronides via cytochrome P4502E1 dependent and independent pathways in human hepatocytes - Nicolas Quesnot; Simon Bucher; Christina Gade; Manuel Vlach; Elise Vene; Samuel Valença; Thomas Gicquel; Helle Holst; Marie-Anne Robin; Pascal Loyer (Archives of Toxicology, 2018)

Multilocus sequence analysis revealed a high genotypic diversity of Aeromonas hydrophila infecting fish in Uganda - Samuel Posian Wamala; Kizito Kahoza Mugimba; Saurabh Dubey; Abayneh Takele; Hetron Mweemba Munang'andu; Øystein Evensen; Stephen Mutoloki; Denis Karuhize Byarugaba; Henning Sørum (Journal of Fish Diseases, 2018)
A multilocus sequence analysis ( MLSA ) was carried out to delineate Aeromonas hydrophila from fish in Uganda. Five housekeeping genes including recA , gyrB , metG , gltA and pps; and the 16S rRNA gene were amplified and sequenced from a total of nine A. hydrophila isolates. The obtained sequences were edited, and consensus sequences generated for each gene locus. The housekeeping gene sequences were concatenated and phylogenetic analysis performed in MEGA version 7.0.2. Pairwise distances ranged from 0.000 to 0.118, highest within the gltA gene locus and lowest within the 16S rRNA gene. The average evolutionary diversity within isolates from the same source ranged between 0.002 and 0.037, and it was 0.033 between the different sources. Similar tree topologies were obtained from the different gene loci with recA , metG and gyrB being more consistent in discriminating isolates according to sources while the 16S rRNA gene had the lowest resolution. The concatenated tree had the highest discriminatory power. This study revealed that A. hydrophila strains infecting fish in Uganda are of diverse genotypes suggesting different sources of infection in a given outbreak. Efforts to minimize spread of the bacteria across sources should be emphasized to control infections of mixed genotypes.

Editorial: Microbial Ecology in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre - Samuel T. Wilson; Matthew J. Church (Frontiers in Marine Science, 2018)

Very high-resolution mapping of emerging biogenic reefs using airborne optical imagery and neural network: the honeycomb worm ( Sabellaria alveolata ) case study - Antoine Collin; Stanislas Dubois; Camille Ramambason; Samuel Etienne (International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2018)

Satellite-based salt marsh elevation, vegetation height, and species composition mapping using the superspectral WorldView-3 imagery - Antoine Collin; Natasha Lambert; Samuel Etienne (International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2018)

A comparison of simplified conceptual models for rapid web-based flood inundation mapping - Heather McGrath; Jean-François Bourgon; Jean-Samuel Proulx-Bourque; Miroslav Nastev; Ahmad Abo El Ezz (Natural Hazards, 2018)

Comparing patterns of taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity in reef coral communities - Joy S. Y. Wong; Y. K. Samuel Chan; C. S. Lionel Ng; Karenne P. P. Tun; Emily S. Darling; Danwei Huang (Coral Reefs, 2018)

Climate response to the meltwater runoff from Greenland ice sheet: evolving sensitivity to discharging locations - Yonggang Liu; Robert Hallberg; Olga Sergienko; Bonnie L. Samuels; Matthew Harrison; Michael Oppenheimer (Climate Dynamics, 2018)

Overcoming barriers to sustainability by combining conceptual, visual, and networking systems - Ray Maher; Melanie Maher; Clive A. McAlpine; Samuel Mann; Leonie Seabrook (Sustainability Science, 2018)

Bite Force Performance, Fluctuating Asymmetry and Antisymmetry in the Mandible of Inbred and Outbred Wild-Derived Strains of Mice (Mus musculus domesticus) - Samuel Ginot; Sylvie Agret; Julien Claude (Evolutionary Biology, 2018)

Enhanced In Vivo Bone and Blood Vessel Formation by Iron Oxide and Silica Doped 3D Printed Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffolds - Susmita Bose; Dishary Banerjee; Samuel Robertson; Sahar Vahabzadeh (Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2018)

Nitrogen fixation rates diagnosed from diurnal changes in elemental stoichiometry - Christopher L. Follett; Angelicque E. White; Samuel T. Wilson; Michael J. Follows (Limnology and Oceanography, 2018)
The carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus (C, N, and P, respectively) composition and elemental ratios were measured in the 20–200 μ m size fraction during July 2015 in the surface waters of an anticyclonic eddy encountered north of Hawaii in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. The observed particulate N : P ratio fluctuated by approximately a factor of two over the diel cycle. We present a simple mathematical argument connecting this change to a rate of biological nitrogen fixation, and calculate the nitrogen fixation rate to be ≥ 13 nmol L −1 d −1 for this size class. This value is higher than simultaneous bottle‐incubation based rates measured with isotopic tracers, yet is consistent with historic rate measurements from the region. As confirmation of our methods, diurnal changes in C : N : P of laboratory cultures of the diazotrophic genus Trichodesmium were measured. In the laboratory, we show that estimates of nitrogen fixation from stoichiometric time series are equivalent to those derived directly from mass balance. The disparity between nitrogen fixation rates derived from tracer measurements and particulate stoichiometry in the field suggests that large diazotrophs may be underestimated in small volume (∼ 4 L) bottle incubations as a result of either spatial heterogeneity or vertical migration of large cells. Otherwise, processes other than diazotrophy must cause the observed changes in stoichiometry. This approach represents a novel and scalable means of quantifying in situ nitrogen fixation rates from diurnal changes in size‐fractionated stoichiometry. We also infer carbon fixation, growth rates, and phosphorus uptake in the 20–200 μm size class.

Soil properties and sediment accretion modulate methane fluxes from restored wetlands - Samuel D. Chamberlain; Tyler L. Anthony; Whendee L. Silver; Elke Eichelmann; Kyle S. Hemes; Patricia Y. Oikawa; Cove Sturtevant; Daphne J. Szutu; Joseph G. Verfaillie; Dennis D. Baldocchi (Global Change Biology, 2018)
Wetlands are the largest source of methane ( CH 4 ) globally, yet our understanding of how process‐level controls scale to ecosystem fluxes remains limited. It is particularly uncertain how variable soil properties influence ecosystem CH 4 emissions on annual time scales. We measured ecosystem carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ) and CH 4 fluxes by eddy covariance from two wetlands recently restored on peat and alluvium soils within the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta of California. Annual CH 4 fluxes from the alluvium wetland were significantly lower than the peat site for multiple years following restoration, but these differences were not explained by variation in dominant climate drivers or productivity across wetlands. Soil iron (Fe) concentrations were significantly higher in alluvium soils, and alluvium CH 4 fluxes were decoupled from plant processes compared with the peat site, as expected when Fe reduction inhibits CH 4 production in the rhizosphere. Soil carbon content and CO 2 uptake rates did not vary across wetlands and, thus, could also be ruled out as drivers of initial CH 4 flux differences. Differences in wetland CH 4 fluxes across soil types were transient; alluvium wetland fluxes were similar to peat wetland fluxes 3 years after restoration. Changing alluvium CH 4 emissions with time could not be explained by an empirical model based on dominant CH 4 flux biophysical drivers, suggesting that other factors, not measured by our eddy covariance towers, were responsible for these changes. Recently accreted alluvium soils were less acidic and contained more reduced Fe compared with the pre‐restoration parent soils, suggesting that CH 4 emissions increased as conditions became more favorable to methanogenesis within wetland sediments. This study suggests that alluvium soil properties, likely Fe content, are capable of inhibiting ecosystem‐scale wetland CH 4 flux, but these effects appear to be transient without continued input of alluvium to wetland sediments.

Chemical analysis and antiviral activity evaluation of Baccharis anomala - Caroline Rita Venturi; Srgio Augusto De Loreto Bordignon; Paulo Michel Roehe; Jarbas Alves Montanha; Samuel Paulo Cibulski; Grace Gosmann (Natural Product Research, 2018)

Stable isotope ecology of black rhinos (Diceros bicornis) in Kenya - Thure E. Cerling; Samuel A. Andanje; Francis Gakuya; John M. Kariuki; Linus Kariuki; Jackson W. Kingoo; Cedric Khayale; Isaac Lekolool; Anthony N. Macharia; Christopher R. Anderson; Diego P. Fernandez; Lihai Hu; et al. (Oecologia, 2018)

An extract of Synedrella nodiflora (L) Gaertn exhibits antidepressant properties through monoaminergic mechanisms - Patrick Amoateng; Kennedy Kwami Edem Kukuia; Jeffrey Amoako Mensah; Dorcas Osei-Safo; Samuel Adjei; Audrey Akyea Eklemet; Emmanuel Atsu Vinyo; Thomas K. Karikari (Metabolic Brain Disease, 2018)

Intraspecific variability of the phenology and morphology of three protected dragonflies between natural and artificial habitats - Alice S. Denis; Ophélie Payet; Samuel Danflous; Nicolas Gouix; Frédéric Santoul; Laëtitia Buisson; Laurent Pelozuelo (Journal of Insect Conservation, 2018)

Deriving SPT N-Values from DCP Test Results: The Case of Foundation Design in a Tropical Environment - Samuel Innocent Kofi Ampadu; Felix F. J. Ayeh; Fred Boadu (Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2018)

How does ageing affect grasp adaptation to a visual–haptic size conflict? - Samuel Couth; Emma Gowen; Ellen Poliakoff (Experimental Brain Research, 2018)

The invisible hand and EKC hypothesis: what are the drivers of environmental degradation and pollution in Africa? - Samuel Asumadu Sarkodie (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018)

Seasonality of total fatty acid profiles in acid mine drainage impaired streams - Samuel A. Drerup; Morgan L. Vis (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2018)

Lethal and sublethal effects of insecticides on Engytatus varians (Heteroptera: Miridae), a predator of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) - Daniel Alberto Pérez-Aguilar; Marianne Araújo Soares; Luis Clepf Passos; Ana Mabel Martínez; Samuel Pineda; Geraldo Andrade Carvalho (Ecotoxicology, 2018)

Editorial for the Med-CORDEX special issue - Samuel Somot; Paolo Ruti; Bodo Ahrens; Erika Coppola; Gabriel Jordà; Gianmaria Sannino; Fabien Solmon (Climate Dynamics, 2018)

Improving sea level simulation in Mediterranean regional climate models - Fanny Adloff; Gabriel Jordà; Samuel Somot; Florence Sevault; Thomas Arsouze; Benoit Meyssignac; Laurent Li; Serge Planton (Climate Dynamics, 2018)

Simulation of medicanes over the Mediterranean Sea in a regional climate model ensemble: impact of ocean–atmosphere coupling and increased resolution - Miguel Ángel Gaertner; Juan Jesús González-Alemán; Raquel Romera; Marta Domínguez; Victoria Gil; Enrique Sánchez; Clemente Gallardo; Mario Marcello Miglietta; Kevin J. E. Walsh; Dmitry V. Sein; Samuel Somot; Alessandro Dell’Aquila; et al. (Climate Dynamics, 2018)

Assessment of an ensemble of ocean–atmosphere coupled and uncoupled regional climate models to reproduce the climatology of Mediterranean cyclones - Emmanouil Flaounas; Fanni Dora Kelemen; Heini Wernli; Miguel Angel Gaertner; Marco Reale; Emilia Sanchez-Gomez; Piero Lionello; Sandro Calmanti; Zorica Podrascanin; Samuel Somot; Naveed Akhtar; Raquel Romera; et al. (Climate Dynamics, 2018)

Impact of the internal variability on the cyclone tracks simulated by a regional climate model over the Med-CORDEX domain - Emilia Sanchez-Gomez; Samuel Somot (Climate Dynamics, 2018)

Characterizing, modelling and understanding the climate variability of the deep water formation in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea - Samuel Somot; Loic Houpert; Florence Sevault; Pierre Testor; Anthony Bosse; Isabelle Taupier-Letage; Marie-Noelle Bouin; Robin Waldman; Christophe Cassou; Emilia Sanchez-Gomez; Xavier Durrieu de Madron; Fanny Adloff; et al. (Climate Dynamics, 2018)

Dense water formation and BiOS-induced variability in the Adriatic Sea simulated using an ocean regional circulation model - Natalija Dunić; Ivica Vilibić; Jadranka Šepić; Samuel Somot; Florence Sevault (Climate Dynamics, 2018)

Misidentification of istiophorid billfishes by fisheries observers raises uncertainty over stock status - Samuel M. Williams; Julian G. Pepperell; Michael Bennett; Jennifer R. Ovenden (Journal of Fish Biology, 2018)
We investigated whether commercially landed black marlin Istiompax indica were being misidentified by fisheries observers operating throughout the Pacific Ocean. Of 83 samples reported by observers as I. indica , 77% were genetically identified to be blue marlin Makaira nigricans and 2% to be striped marlin Kajikia audax . The high rate of misidentification by observers places considerable uncertainty over historic catch ratios of Indo‐Pacific marlin and stock assessments relying on the validity of these data.

Inland fish stock assessment: Applying data‐poor methods from marine systems - Colm J. Fitzgerald; Karen Delanty; Samuel Shephard (Fisheries Management and Ecology, 2018)
Inland fisheries can be diverse, local and highly seasonal. This complexity creates challenges for monitoring, and consequently, many inland fish stocks have few data and cannot be assessed using methods typically applied to industrial marine fisheries. In such situations, there may be a role for methods recently developed for assessment of data‐poor fish stocks. Herein, three established data‐poor assessment tools from marine systems are demonstrated to highlight their value to inland fisheries management. A case study application uses archived length, catch and catch‐per‐unit‐effort data to characterise the ecological status of an important recreational brown trout stock in an Irish lake. This case study is of specific use to management of freshwater sport fisheries, but the broader purpose of the paper was to provide a crossover between marine and inland fisheries science, and to highlight accessible data‐poor assessment approaches that may be applicable in diverse inland systems.

Genome-wide analysis of the invertase gene family from maize - Sheila Juárez-Colunga; Cristal López-González; Norma Cecilia Morales-Elías; Julio Armando Massange-Sánchez; Samuel Trachsel; Axel Tiessen (Plant Molecular Biology, 2018)

Niche opportunities for invasive annual plants in dryland ecosystems are controlled by disturbance, trophic interactions, and rainfall - Richard A. Gill; Rory C. O’Connor; Aaron Rhodes; Tara B. B. Bishop; Daniel C. Laughlin; Samuel B. St. Clair (Oecologia, 2018)

Prostaglandin E2 and IL-23 interconnects STAT3 and RoRγ pathways to initiate Th17 CD4+ T-cell development during rheumatoid arthritis - Janaiya S. Samuels; Lauren Holland; María López; Keya Meyers; William G. Cumbie; Anna McClain; Aleksandra Ignatowicz; Daryllynn Nelson; Rangaiah Shashidharamurthy (Inflammation Research, 2018)

Moderately heavy exercise produces lower cardiovascular, RPE, and discomfort compared to lower load exercise with and without blood flow restriction - Zachary W. Bell; Samuel L. Buckner; Matthew B. Jessee; J. Grant Mouser; Kevin T. Mattocks; Scott J. Dankel; Takashi Abe; Jeremy P. Loenneke (European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2018)

Analytical performance of a platform for point-of-care CRP testing in adults consulting for lower respiratory tract infection in primary care - Veerle Matheeussen; Viviane Van Hoof; Katherine Loens; Christine Lammens; Anouk Vanderstraeten; Samuel Coenen; Chris C. Butler; Paul Little; Theo J. M. Verheij; Herman Goossens; Margareta Ieven (European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 2018)

Reduction of sludge formed during a coagulation treatment of Ridomil Gold by means of non-thermal quenched plasma pre-treatment - Doringar Tadom; Georges Kamgang-Youbi; Elie Acayanka; Estella Njoyim-Tamungang; Samuel Laminsi (Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2018)

Constraining the geometry and volume of the Barents Sea Ice Sheet - Samuel B. Kachuck; Lawrence M. Cathles (Journal of Quaternary Science, 2018)
The ice load configuration of the Barents Sea Ice Sheet (BSIS) over the last glacial cycle is in dispute. The traditional reconstruction, motivated by the observation that paleo‐shoreline emergence increases towards the center of the Barents Sea, places a single dome in the center of the Barents Sea at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) that collapses to island‐centered loads during deglaciation. Observations that suggest that ice flowed from the islands into the Barents even at the LGM motivate another reconstruction that places the ice loads over the islands with minimal marine ice. We analyze an ensemble of ice loads that are consistent with the geophysical observations and show that current relative sea level, GPS and gravity measurements do not and cannot distinguish a central dome from an island‐centered BSIS. What is needed are constraints in the central Barents. Improving the gravity data sufficiently will be difficult. However, obtaining even a single GPS uplift rate measurement in the central Barents would resolve the central dome versus island‐centered BSIS geometry question. Uncertainty in the Barents Sea ice load geometry provides a good illustration of statistical methods that we believe will be useful in other areas of glaciology.

Short‐term prey field lability constrains individual specialisation in resource selection and foraging site fidelity in a marine predator - Nicolas Courbin; Aurélien Besnard; Clara Péron; Claire Saraux; Jérôme Fort; Samuel Perret; Jérémy Tornos; David Grémillet (Ecology Letters, 2018)
Spatio‐temporally stable prey distributions coupled with individual foraging site fidelity are predicted to favour individual resource specialisation. Conversely, predators coping with dynamic prey distributions should diversify their individual diet and/or shift foraging areas to increase net intake. We studied individual specialisation in Scopoli's shearwaters ( Calonectris diomedea ) from the highly dynamic Western Mediterranean, using daily prey distributions together with resource selection, site fidelity and trophic‐level analyses. As hypothesised, we found dietary diversification, low foraging site fidelity and almost no individual specialisation in resource selection. Crucially, shearwaters switched daily foraging tactics, selecting areas with contrasting prey of varying trophic levels. Overall, information use and plastic resource selection of individuals with reduced short‐term foraging site fidelity allow predators to overcome prey field lability. Our study is an essential step towards a better understanding of individual responses to enhanced environmental stochasticity driven by global changes, and of pathways favouring population persistence.

A new species of Chondracanthus (Cyclopoida: Chondracanthidae) parasitic on deep-sea Dibranchus spongiosa(Lophiiformes: Ogcocephalidae) from the Eastern Central Pacific - Samuel Gómez; Hugo Aguirre-Villaseñor; Francisco Neptali Morales-Serna (Acta Parasitologica, 2018)
A total of 228 sampling stations were visited for benthic fauna during a series of oceanographic cruises in the Gulf of California, west coast of the Baja California Peninsula, and Eastern Central Pacific from year 1991 to 2014. Among others, three fish species of the genus Dibranchus were caught in 28 stations. Of these, D . spongiosa was the most common and abundant. Close inspection of this fish revealed the presence of a new species of parasitic copepod, Chondracanthus dibranchi sp. nov., found in the gill cavity of seven specimens of D . spongiosa . Chondracanthus dibranchi sp. nov. seems to be morphologically related to C . psetti and C . janebennettae . The female of C . janebennettae can be separated from these other two congeners by the general shape of the head and abdomen, by the number of teeth on the mandibular blade, and by the general body shape. Chondracanthus psetti and C . dibranchi sp. nov. share the relative lengths of legs 1 and 2, the relative size and shape of the genito-abdomen, and the conical attenuating lateral processes on the trunk of the female. The females of these two species can be separated by the shape and armature of the antennule, shape of the antenna, the claw of the maxilliped, the rami of leg 1 and 2 and posterior processes, the head region, and by the position of the lateral processes of the trunk. An amendment to Tang’s (2007) key to the species of Chondracanthus is proposed.

A molecular investigation of Saccharina sessilis from the Aleutian Islands reveals a species complex, necessitating the new combination Saccharina subsessilis - Samuel Starko; Ga Hun Boo; Patrick T. Martone; Sandra C. Lindstrom (Algae, 2018)

High heterotrophic CO2 emissions from a Malaysian oil palm plantation during dry-season - Magdalena Matysek; Stephanie Evers; Marshall Kana Samuel; Sofie Sjogersten (Wetlands Ecology and Management, 2018)
Tropical peatlands are currently being rapidly cleared and drained for the establishment of oil palm plantations, which threatens their globally significant carbon sequestration capacity. Large-scale land conversion of tropical peatlands is important in the context of greenhouse gas emission factors and sustainable land management. At present, quantification of carbon dioxide losses from tropical peatlands is limited by our understanding of the relative contribution of heterotrophic and autotrophic respiration to net peat surface CO 2 emissions. In this study we separated heterotrophic and autotrophic components of peat CO 2 losses from two oil palm plantations (one established in ‘2000’ and the other in 1978, then replanted in ‘2006’) using chamber-based emissions sampling along a transect from the rooting to non-rooting zones on a peatland in Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia over the course of 3 months (June–August, 2014). Collar CO 2 measurements were compared with soil temperature and moisture at site and also accompanied by depth profiles assessing peat C and bulk density. The soil respiration decreased exponentially with distance from the palm trunks with the sharpest decline found for the plantation with the younger palms with overall fluxes of 1341 and 988 mg CO 2 m −2 h −1 , respectively, at the 2000 and 2006 plantations, respectively. The mean heterotrophic flux was 909 ± SE 136 and 716 ± SE 201 mg m −2 h −1 at the 2000 and 2006 plantations, respectively. Autotrophic emissions adjacent to the palm trunks were 845 ± SE 135 and 1558 ± SE 341 mg m −2 h −1 at the 2000 and 2006 plantations, respectively. Heterotrophic CO 2 flux was positively related to peat soil moisture, but not temperature. Total peat C stocks were 60 kg m −2 (down to 1 m depth) and did not vary among plantations of different ages but SOC concentrations declined significantly with depth at both plantations but the decline was sharper in the second generation 2006 plantation. The CO 2 flux values reported in this study suggest a potential for very high carbon (C) loss from drained tropical peats during the dry season. This is particularly concerning given that more intense dry periods related to climate change are predicted for SE Asia. Taken together, this study highlights the need for careful management of tropical peatlands, and the vulnerability of their carbon storage capability under conditions of drainage.

Short-Term Resilience of New Jersey Tidal Marshes to Hurricane Sandy - Rebecca A. Longenecker; Jacob L. Bowman; Brian J. Olsen; Samuel G. Roberts; Chris S. Elphick; Paul M. Castelli; W. Gregory Shriver (Wetlands, 2018)

Evaluation of comparative advantages in the profitability and competitiveness of the small-scale dairy system of Tulancingo Valley, Mexico - Rodolfo Rogelio Posadas-Domínguez; Oscar Enrique Del Razo-Rodríguez; Isaac Almaraz-Buendía; Armando Pelaez-Acero; Verónica Espinosa-Muñoz; Samuel Rebollar-Rebollar; Jesús Armando Salinas-Martínez (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2018)

Effects of phosphorus-mobilizing bacteria on tomato growth and soil microbial activity - Dinah Nassal; Marie Spohn; Namis Eltlbany; Samuel Jacquiod; Kornelia Smalla; Sven Marhan; Ellen Kandeler (Plant and Soil, 2018)

Expression of genes that encode cellular oxidant/antioxidant systems are affected by heat stress - Walid S. Habashy; Marie C. Milfort; Romdhane Rekaya; Samuel E. Aggrey (Molecular Biology Reports, 2018)

Glutamate-Dependent Translational Control of Glutamine Synthetase in Bergmann Glia Cells - Reynaldo Tiburcio-Félix; Miguel Escalante-López; Bruno López-Bayghen; Daniel Martínez; Luisa C. Hernández-Kelly; Samuel Zinker; Dinorah Hernández-Melchor; Esther López-Bayghen; Tatiana N. Olivares-Bañuelos; Arturo Ortega (Molecular Neurobiology, 2018)

Geographic variation in pheromone component ratio and antennal responses, but not in attraction, to sex pheromones among fall armyworm populations infesting corn in Mexico - Samuel Cruz-Esteban; Julio C. Rojas; Daniel Sánchez-Guillén; Leopoldo Cruz-López; Edi A. Malo (Journal of Pest Science, 2018)

Exploring Regionalization in the Network Urban Space - Xinyue Ye; Bing She; Samuel Benya (Journal of Geovisualization and Spatial Analysis, 2018)

Transgenic up-regulation of Claudin-6 decreases fine diesel particulate matter (DPM)-induced pulmonary inflammation - Joshua B. Lewis; Jared S. Bodine; Jason R. Gassman; Samuel Arce Muñoz; Dallin C. Milner; Todd M. Dunaway; Kaleb M. Egbert; Troy D. Monson; Dallin S. Broberg; Juan A. Arroyo; Paul R. Reynolds (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018)

Reduction mechanism of hexavalent chromium by functional groups of undissolved humic acid and humin fractions of typical black soil from Northeast China - Jia Zhang; Huilin Yin; Hui Wang; Lin Xu; Barnie Samuel; Fei Liu; Honghan Chen (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018)

Cortical thickness abnormalities in trichotillomania: international multi-site analysis - Samuel R. Chamberlain; Michael Harries; Sarah A. Redden; Nancy J. Keuthen; Dan J. Stein; Christine Lochner; Jon E. Grant (Brain Imaging and Behavior, 2018)

Field evidences showing rapid frontal degeneration of the Kangriz glacier, western Himalayas, Jammu & Kashmir - Siddhi Garg; Aparna Shukla; Manish Mehta; Vinit Kumar; Shruti Anna Samuel; S. K. Bartarya; Uma Kant Shukla (Journal of Mountain Science, 2018)

Mechanisms of muddy clinothem progradation on the Southwest Louisiana Chenier Plain inner shelf - Kathryn C. Denommee; Samuel J. Bentley; Dario Harazim (Geo-Marine Letters, 2018)

Aerosol-Climate Interactions During the Last Glacial Maximum - Samuel Albani; Yves Balkanski; Natalie Mahowald; Gisela Winckler; Valter Maggi; Barbara Delmonte (Current Climate Change Reports, 2018)

The genetic structure of the introduced house sparrow populations in Australia and New Zealand is consistent with historical descriptions of multiple introductions to each country - Samuel C. Andrew; Monica Awasthy; Peri E. Bolton; Lee A. Rollins; Shinichi Nakagawa; Simon C. Griffith (Biological Invasions, 2018)

Towards commercial aquaponics: a review of systems, designs, scales and nomenclature - Harry W. Palm; Ulrich Knaus; Samuel Appelbaum; Simon Goddek; Sebastian M. Strauch; Tycho Vermeulen; M. Haїssam Jijakli; Benz Kotzen (Aquaculture International, 2018)

Correlates of spread rates for introduced insects - Samuel Fahrner; Brian H. Aukema (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2018)
Aim The rate at which introduced insects disperse into novel habitats is a key determinant of the impacts of biological invasions and the efficacy of importation biological control programs. Understanding which life‐history traits or abiotic factors moderate spread rates is important for designing trapping and eradication programs for invasive insects and for designing release protocols of imported natural enemies. Our aim was to identify variables that can explain variation in spread rates of introduced insects. Location Global. Spread rates from 30 different countries were compiled. Time period 1976–2014. Major taxon studied Insecta. Methods We compiled 147 published spread rates of 86 non‐native insects. Spread rates were averaged per species so that each insect was only represented once in statistical analyses. Simultaneously, we collected information on several variables associated with the introduced insects such as adult longevity, diet breadth, diet preference, eusociality, fecundity, taxonomic order, role of passive dispersal (important versus not important), size, type (invasive species versus biological control agent), voltinism (i.e., the number of generations per year) and duration of spread. In addition to analysis of the complete data set, analyses of several subsets of the data were conducted to determine robustness and sensitivity of findings. Results In the global analysis, voltinism was clearly the most significant predictor of spread rates. Insects with more than one generation per year spread faster than those with one or fewer generations. Analyses limited to either invasive species or importation biological agents further confirmed that multivoltine insects spread faster on average than univoltine insects. Main conclusions Whereas previous work has shown that accidentally introduced insects spread faster than those introduced intentionally, the identification of voltinism as a key predictor of spread may enhance risk analyses and accuracy of forecasting, especially where a changing climate may alter patterns of voltinism.

Contrasting above‐ and belowground organic matter decomposition and carbon and nitrogen dynamics in response to warming in High Arctic tundra - Daan Blok; Samuel Faucherre; Imre Banyasz; Riikka Rinnan; Anders Michelsen; Bo Elberling (Global Change Biology, 2018)
Tundra regions are projected to warm rapidly during the coming decades. The tundra biome holds the largest terrestrial carbon pool, largely contained in frozen permafrost soils. With warming, these permafrost soils may thaw and become available for microbial decomposition, potentially providing a positive feedback to global warming. Warming may directly stimulate microbial metabolism but may also indirectly stimulate organic matter turnover through increased plant productivity by soil priming from root exudates and accelerated litter turnover rates. Here, we assess the impacts of experimental warming on turnover rates of leaf litter, active layer soil and thawed permafrost sediment in two high‐arctic tundra heath sites in NE ‐Greenland, either dominated by evergreen or deciduous shrubs. We incubated shrub leaf litter on the surface of control and warmed plots for 1 and 2 years. Active layer soil was collected from the plots to assess the effects of 8 years of field warming on soil carbon stocks. Finally, we incubated open cores filled with newly thawed permafrost soil for 2 years in the active layer of the same plots. After field incubation, we measured basal respiration rates of recovered thawed permafrost cores in the lab. Warming significantly reduced litter mass loss by 26% after 1 year incubation, but differences in litter mass loss among treatments disappeared after 2 years incubation. Warming also reduced litter nitrogen mineralization and decreased the litter carbon to nitrogen ratio. Active layer soil carbon stocks were reduced 15% by warming, while soil dissolved nitrogen was reduced by half in warmed plots. Warming had a positive legacy effect on carbon turnover rates in thawed permafrost cores, with 10% higher respiration rates measured in cores from warmed plots. These results demonstrate that warming may have contrasting effects on above‐ and belowground tundra carbon turnover, possibly governed by microbial resource availability.

Correction to: The Effects of Cariprazine and Aripiprazole on PCP-Induced Deficits on Attention Assessed in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task - Samuel A. Barnes; Jared W. Young; Athina Markou; Nika Adham; István Gyertyán; Béla Kiss (Psychopharmacology, 2018)

The Effects of Cariprazine and Aripiprazole on PCP-Induced Deficits on Attention Assessed in the 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task - Samuel A. Barnes; Jared W. Young; Athina Markou; Nika Adham; István Gyertyán; Béla Kiss (Psychopharmacology, 2018)

Plant-associated bacteria mitigate drought stress in soybean - Samuel Julio Martins; Geisiane Alves Rocha; Hyrandir Cabral de Melo; Raphaela de Castro Georg; Cirano José Ulhôa; Érico de Campos Dianese; Leticia Harumi Oshiquiri; Marcos Gomes da Cunha; Mara Rúbia da Rocha; Leila Garcês de Araújo; Karina Santana Vaz; Christopher A. Dunlap (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018)

Two dechlorinated chlordecone derivatives formed by in situ chemical reduction are devoid of genotoxicity and mutagenicity and have lower proangiogenic properties compared to the parent compound - Samuel Legeay; Pierre-André Billat; Nicolas Clere; Fabrice Nesslany; Sébastien Bristeau; Sébastien Faure; Christophe Mouvet (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018)

A risk assessment of aquarium trade introductions of seaweed in European waters - Sofie Vranken; Samuel Bosch; Viviana Peña; Frederik Leliaert; Frederic Mineur; Olivier De Clerck (Biological Invasions, 2018)

Development and Performance of a Highly Sensitive Model Formulation Based on Torasemide to Enhance Hot-Melt Extrusion Process Understanding and Process Development - Rachel C. Evans; Samuel O. Kyeremateng; Lutz Asmus; Matthias Degenhardt; Joerg Rosenberg; Karl G. Wagner (AAPS PharmSciTech, 2018)

Ice algal communities in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas in spring and early summer: Composition, distribution, and coupling with phytoplankton assemblages - Virginia Selz; Samuel Laney; Alexandra E. Arnsten; Kate M. Lewis; Kate E. Lowry; Hannah L. Joy‐Warren; Matthew M. Mills; Gert L. van Dijken; Kevin R. Arrigo (Limnology and Oceanography, 2018)
To understand the controls on distributions of ice algal communities in spring and the role of ice algae in under‐ice bloom development through possible seeding, we sampled the ice and water column in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas over spring and summer. Field observations showed that high springtime concentrations of bottom ice algal communities were released from the ice into the water column by summer. Furthermore, during our spring sampling, bottom ice algal concentrations were highly variable. Declines in spring ice algal biomass and physiological state were correlated with ice melt, rather than light or nutrient availability. Nonparametric multivariate data analysis of the seasonal succession of phytoplankton and ice algal community composition illustrated that the loss of algae from the sea ice temporarily elevated water column chlorophyll a (Chl a ) levels, as ice‐derived taxa dominated the phytoplankton biomass. Model simulations, constrained by field observations from this study, further suggested that seeding by ice algae was brief and alone could not account for the phytoplankton biomass concentrations exceeding 2 mg Chl a m −3 observed in our study. Ice algal sloughing from the sea ice to the water column contributes biomass to the phytoplankton community. However, this signal of ice‐derived taxa is brief and non‐ice derived taxa dominate phytoplankton blooms later in the spring and summer.

Herd-level risk factors for bovine viral diarrhea infection in cattle of Tamil Nadu - Subbiah Krishna Kumar; K. M. Palanivel; K. Sukumar; B. Samuel Masilamoni Ronald; G. Selvaraju; G. Ponnudurai (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2018)

Psychosis in Spinocerebellar Ataxias: a Case Series and Study of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in Substantia Nigra - Katherine W. Turk; Margaret E. Flanagan; Samuel Josephson; C. Dirk Keene; Suman Jayadev; Thomas D. Bird (The Cerebellum, 2018)

Decision support tools for site-specific fertilizer recommendations and agricultural planning in selected countries in sub-Sahara Africa - Dilys S. MacCarthy; Job Kihara; Patricia Masikati; Samuel G. K. Adiku (Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2018)

Predicting the effects of future climate change on the distribution of an endemic damselfly (Odonata, Coenagrionidae) in subtropical South American grasslands - Mateus Marques Pires; Eduardo Périco; Samuel Renner; Göran Sahlén (Journal of Insect Conservation, 2018)

Modelling hydraulic jump using the bubbly two-phase flow method - Sho Harada; S. Samuel Li (Environmental Fluid Mechanics, 2018)

Erratum to: Considering total intracranial volume and other nuisance variables in brain voxel based morphometry in idiopathic PD - Samuel Crowley; Haiqing Huang; Jared Tanner; Qing Zhao; Nadine A. Schwab; Loren Hizel; Daniel Ramon; Babette Brumback; Mingzhou Ding; Catherine C. Price (Brain Imaging and Behavior, 2018)

Zygote injection of RNA encoding Cre recombinase results in efficient removal of LoxP flanked neomycin cassettes in pigs - Kristin M. Whitworth; Raissa Cecil; Joshua A. Benne; Bethany K. Redel; Lee D. Spate; Melissa S. Samuel; Randall S. Prather; Kevin D. Wells (Transgenic Research, 2018)

The Value of Using Multiple Metrics to Evaluate PCB Exposure - Megan C. Archer; Amanda D. Harwood; Samuel A. Nutile; Kara E. Huff Hartz; Marc A. Mills; Jim E. Garvey; Michael J. Lydy (Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2018)

Lineage‐specific plasmid acquisition and the evolution of specialized pathogens in Bacillus thuringiensis and the Bacillus cereus group - Guillaume Méric; Leonardos Mageiros; Ben Pascoe; Dan J. Woodcock; Evangelos Mourkas; Sarah Lamble; Rory Bowden; Keith A. Jolley; Ben Raymond; Samuel K. Sheppard (Molecular Ecology, 2018)
Bacterial plasmids can vary from small selfish genetic elements to large autonomous replicons that constitute a significant proportion of total cellular DNA . By conferring novel function to the cell, plasmids may facilitate evolution but their mobility may be opposed by co‐evolutionary relationships with chromosomes or encouraged via the infectious sharing of genes encoding public goods. Here, we explore these hypotheses through large‐scale examination of the association between plasmids and chromosomal DNA in the phenotypically diverse Bacillus cereus group. This complex group is rich in plasmids, many of which encode essential virulence factors (Cry toxins) that are known public goods. We characterized population genomic structure, gene content and plasmid distribution to investigate the role of mobile elements in diversification. We analysed coding sequence within the core and accessory genome of 190 B. cereus group isolates, including 23 novel sequences and genes from 410 reference plasmid genomes. While cry genes were widely distributed, those with invertebrate toxicity were predominantly associated with one sequence cluster (clade 2) and phenotypically defined Bacillus thuringiensis . Cry toxin plasmids in clade 2 showed evidence of recent horizontal transfer and variable gene content, a pattern of plasmid segregation consistent with transfer during infectious cooperation. Nevertheless, comparison between clades suggests that co‐evolutionary interactions may drive association between plasmids and chromosomes and limit wider transfer of key virulence traits. Proliferation of successful plasmid and chromosome combinations is a feature of specialized pathogens with characteristic niches ( Bacillus anthracis , B. thuringiensis ) and has occurred multiple times in the B. cereus group.

Evaluation and projection of extreme precipitation indices in the Eastern Mediterranean based on CMIP5 multi‐model ensemble - Rana Samuels; Assaf Hochman; Anat Baharad; Amir Givati; Yoav Levi; Yizhak Yosef; Hadas Saaroni; Baruch Ziv; Tzvika Harpaz; Pinhas Alpert (International Journal of Climatology, 2018)
An evaluation of 23 models, participating in the Coupled Model Inter‐comparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5), in representing extreme precipitation indices (EPI), over the Eastern Mediterranean (EM) and the Fertile Crescent (FC), was performed. The models ensemble was then used to predict the EPIs evolution in the 21st century under (Representative Concentration Pathway, RCP) RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. Models' performance was determined with respect to gridded precipitation observations from the APHRODITE project. The ensemble mean was found to perform relatively well in capturing the EM steep precipitation gradient, the FC structure and the EPI trends in the observations period (1970–2000). Over the EM, CMIP5 models agree on a future decrease in the following three EPIs; total precipitation (TP), consecutive wet days, and number of wet days by the values of 20–35%, 10–20%, and 20–35%, respectively. In the FC, extremely wet days (P95) are expected to increase by approximately 25%, except for the south eastern coasts of the Mediterranean Sea, which show significant decreases in P95, particularly for RCP8.5 and at the end of the 21st century. Hence, while TP is expected to decrease, extreme precipitation is expected to increase, at least for the north‐eastern part of the FC. This will significantly influence agriculture and floods' potential in a region already suffering from political unrest. The changes in EPIs are related to changes in the synoptic patterns over the EM, especially the predicted changes in cyclones frequency and intensity in the 21st century, due to changes in storm tracks governed by the phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation and the expected expansion of the Hadley Cell towards the poles in a warmer climate.

Temporal heterogeneity increases with spatial heterogeneity in ecological communities - Scott L. Collins; Meghan L. Avolio; Corinna Gries; Lauren M. Hallett; Sally E. Koerner; Kimberly J. La Pierre; Andrew L. Rypel; Eric R. Sokol; Samuel B. Fey; Dan F. B. Flynn; Sydney K. Jones; Laura M. Ladwig; et al. (Ecology, 2018)
Heterogeneity is increasingly recognized as a foundational characteristic of ecological systems. Under global change, understanding temporal community heterogeneity is necessary for predicting the stability of ecosystem functions and services. Indeed, spatial heterogeneity is commonly used in alternative stable state theory as a predictor of temporal heterogeneity and therefore an early indicator of regime shifts. To evaluate whether spatial heterogeneity in species composition is predictive of temporal heterogeneity in ecological communities, we analyzed 68 community data sets spanning freshwater and terrestrial systems where measures of species abundance were replicated over space and time. Of the 68 data sets, 55 (81%) had a weak to strongly positive relationship between spatial and temporal heterogeneity, while in the remaining communities the relationship was weak to strongly negative (19%). Based on a mixed model analysis, we found a significant but weak overall positive relationship between spatial and temporal heterogeneity across all data sets combined, and within aquatic and terrestrial data sets separately. In addition, lifespan and successional stage were negatively and positively related to temporal heterogeneity, respectively. We conclude that spatial heterogeneity may be a predictor of temporal heterogeneity in ecological communities, and that this relationship may be a general property of many terrestrial and aquatic communities.

Occurrence and risk assessment of population exposed to deoxynivalenol in foods derived from wheat flour in Brazil - Milena Veronezi Silva; Giseli Cristina Pante; Jéssica Cristina Zoratto Romoli; Alexandra Perdigão Maia de Souza; Gustavo Henrique Oliveira da Rocha; Flavio Dias Ferreira; Adriane Lettnin Roll Feijó; Salesia Maria Prodócimo Moscardi; Karina Ruaro de Paula; Erika Bando; Samuel Botião Nerilo; Miguel Machinski Jr (Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 2018)

Future Scenarios of Surface Water Resources Availability in North African Dams - Yves Tramblay; Lionel Jarlan; Lahoucine Hanich; Samuel Somot (Water Resources Management, 2018)

Efficiency of multi-trait, indirect, and trait-assisted genomic selection for improvement of biomass sorghum - Samuel B. Fernandes; Kaio O. G. Dias; Daniel F. Ferreira; Patrick J. Brown (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2018)

Essential role for EGFR tyrosine kinase and ER stress in myocardial infarction in type 2 diabetes - Vishal Mali; Samuel Haddox; Corey Hornersmith; Khalid Matrougui; Souad Belmadani (Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 2018)

Cortical Bilateral Adaptations in Rats Submitted to Focal Cerebral Ischemia: Emphasis on Glial Metabolism - Yasmine Nonose; Pedro E. Gewehr; Roberto F. Almeida; Jussemara S. da Silva; Bruna Bellaver; Leo A. M. Martins; Eduardo R. Zimmer; Samuel Greggio; Gianina T. Venturin; Jaderson C. Da Costa; André Quincozes-Santos; Luc Pellerin; et al. (Molecular Neurobiology, 2018)

Circulating extracellular vesicles in the aging process: impact of aerobic exercise - Karine Bertoldi; Laura Reck Cechinel; Bruna Schallenberger; Giana Blume Corssac; Samuel Davies; Irene Clemes Külkamp Guerreiro; Adriane Belló-Klein; Alex Sander R. Araujo; Ionara Rodrigues Siqueira (Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2018)

Temperature-dependent oxide removal from manganese- and iron oxide-coated soil redox bars - Kristof Dorau; Samuel Papenfuß; Tim Mansfeldt (Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2018)

Multi-link laser interferometry architecture for interspacecraft displacement metrology - Samuel P. Francis; Timothy T.-Y. Lam; David E. McClelland; Daniel A. Shaddock (Journal of Geodesy, 2018)

Habitat use and preference of adult perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) in a deep reservoir: variations with seasons, water levels and individuals - Samuel Westrelin; Romain Roy; Laurence Tissot-Rey; Laurent Bergès; Christine Argillier (Hydrobiologia, 2018)

Entities contribution to total employment in China after 1978 reforms: urban and rural perspective - Thomas Bilaliib Udimal; Zhuang Jincai; Emmanuel Caesar Ayamba; Samuel Mensah Owusu (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018)

Identification and expression of a unique neonatal variant of the GABAA receptor α3 subunit - Stephanie M. Miller; Samuel Pelly; Viskasari P. Kalanjati; Aven Lee; Paul B. Colditz; S. Tracey Bjorkman (Brain Structure and Function, 2018)

Heavy Metal Concentration in Water, Sediment and Fish Species in the Bontanga Reservoir, Ghana - Michael Lawer Asare; Samuel Jerry Cobbina; Felix Jerry Akpabey; Abudu Ballu Duwiejuah; Zita Naangmenyele Abuntori (Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences, 2018)

Comparing and contrasting threat assessments of plant species at the global and sub-global level - Ross Mounce; Malin Rivers; Suzanne Sharrock; Paul Smith; Samuel Brockington (Biodiversity and Conservation, 2018)

Fast-growing hybrids do not decrease understorey plant diversity compared to naturally regenerated forests and native plantations - Samuel Royer-Tardif; Alain Paquette; Christian Messier; Philippe Bournival; David Rivest (Biodiversity and Conservation, 2018)

Optimization of Hydropriming of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Seeds Using Response Surface Methodology - Manoj Kumar Mahawar; D. V. K. Samuel; J. P. Sinha; Kirti Jalgaonkar (Agricultural Research, 2018)

The Recent Volcanic History of Axial Seamount: Geophysical Insights into Past Eruption Dynamics with an Eye Toward Enhanced Observations of Future Eruptions - William Wilcock; Robert Dziak; Maya Tolstoy; William Chadwick; Scott Nooner; DelWayne Bohnenstiel; Jacqueline Caplan-Auerbach; Felix Waldhauser; Adrien Arnulf; Christian Ballard; Tai-Kwan Lau; Joseph Haxel; et al. (Oceanography, 2018)

Integrative taxonomy of the neotropical genus Omalonyx (Elasmognatha: Succineidae) - Teofânia H. D. A. Vidigal; Daniel Coscarelli; Hugo Paixão; Samuel Bernardes; Lângia C. Montresor; Almir R. Pepato (Zoologica Scripta, 2018)
The genus Omalonyx d'Orbigny, 1837, includes neotropical semi‐aquatic succineid slugs and comprises six recognized species to date. Field surveys across continental South America recovered five of the six recognized species. According to the morphological characters traditionally included in Omalonyx descriptions, the specimens were tentatively identified as O. matheroni , O. pattersonae , O. convexus , O. geayi and O. unguis . Employing sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) alone or combined with the nuclear second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) in discovery methods of species delimitation (GMYC and STACEY) led to species delimitation hypotheses that, except for unambiguously supporting O. convexus , have no correspondence to morphologically based assignments. To choose the delimitation model that best fit our data, the hypotheses recovered by GMYC, STACEY and morphology and created by merging species recovered by those methods had their marginal likelihood estimated and compared using the Bayes factors. The best‐supported hypothesis distinguished two species besides O. convexus: one widespread over most of South America and the other restricted to Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Furthermore, the pattern of genetic structuring supports pathways connecting the Amazonian and Atlantic forests. This pattern is similar to that observed in terrestrial taxa (e.g., forest‐dwelling small mammals) and is different from the pattern for fully aquatic taxa.

The role of hybridization during ecological divergence of southwestern white pine ( Pinus strobiformis ) and limber pine ( P. flexilis ) - Mitra Menon; Justin C. Bagley; Christopher J. Friedline; Amy V. Whipple; Anna W. Schoettle; Alejandro Leal‐Sàenz; Christian Wehenkel; Francisco Molina‐Freaner; Lluvia Flores‐Rentería; M. Socorro Gonzalez‐Elizondo; Richard A. Sniezko; Samuel A. Cushman; et al. (Molecular Ecology, 2018)
Interactions between extrinsic factors, such as disruptive selection and intrinsic factors, such as genetic incompatibilities among loci, often contribute to the maintenance of species boundaries. The relative roles of these factors in the establishment of reproductive isolation can be examined using species pairs characterized by gene flow throughout their divergence history. We investigated the process of speciation and the maintenance of species boundaries between Pinus strobiformis and Pinus flexilis . Utilizing ecological niche modelling, demographic modelling and genomic cline analyses, we illustrated a divergence history with continuous gene flow. Our results supported an abundance of advanced generation hybrids and a lack of loci exhibiting steep transition in allele frequency across the hybrid zone. Additionally, we found evidence for climate‐associated variation in the hybrid index and niche divergence between parental species and the hybrid zone. These results are consistent with extrinsic factors, such as climate, being an important isolating mechanism. A build‐up of intrinsic incompatibilities and of coadapted gene complexes is also apparent, although these appear to be in the earliest stages of development. This supports previous work in coniferous species demonstrating the importance of extrinsic factors in facilitating speciation. Overall, our findings lend support to the hypothesis that varying strength and direction of selection pressures across the long lifespans of conifers, in combination with their other life history traits, delays the evolution of strong intrinsic incompatibilities.

Bio‐ORACLE v2.0: Extending marine data layers for bioclimatic modelling - Jorge Assis; Lennert Tyberghein; Samuel Bosch; Heroen Verbruggen; Ester A. Serrão; Olivier De Clerck (Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2018)
Motivation The availability of user‐friendly, high‐resolution global environmental datasets is crucial for bioclimatic modelling. For terrestrial environments, WorldClim has served this purpose since 2005, but equivalent marine data only became available in 2012, with pioneer initiatives like Bio‐ORACLE providing data layers for several ecologically relevant variables. Currently, the available marine data packages have not yet been updated to the most recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predictions nor to present times, and are mostly restricted to the top surface layer of the oceans, precluding the modelling of a large fraction of the benthic diversity that inhabits deeper habitats. To address this gap, we present a significant update of Bio‐ORACLE for new future climate scenarios, present‐day conditions and benthic layers (near sea bottom). The reliability of data layers was assessed using a cross‐validation framework against in situ quality‐controlled data. This test showed a generally good agreement between our data layers and the global climatic patterns. We also provide a package of functions in the R software environment ( sdmpredictors ) to facilitate listing, extraction and management of data layers and allow easy integration with the available pipelines for bioclimatic modelling. Main types of variable contained Surface and benthic layers for water temperature, salinity, nutrients, chlorophyll, sea ice, current velocity, phytoplankton, primary productivity, iron and light at bottom. Spatial location and grain Global at 5 arcmin ( c . 0.08° or 9.2 km at the equator). Time period and grain Present (2000–2014) and future (2040–2050 and 2090–2100) environmental conditions based on monthly averages. Major taxa and level of measurement Marine biodiversity associated with sea surface and epibenthic habitats. Software format ASCII and TIFF grid formats for geographical information systems and a package of functions developed for R software.

Small mammal diversity and dynamics within Nigeria, with emphasis on reservoirs of the lassa virus - Ayodeji Olayemi; Adeoba Obadare; Akinlabi Oyeyiola; Samuel Fasogbon; Joseph Igbokwe; Felix Igbahenah; Daniel Ortsega; Stephan Günther; Erik Verheyen; Elisabeth Fichet-Calvet (Systematics and Biodiversity, 2018)