Purpose Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer mortality in California, with Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) patients experiencing the highest mortality rates. Disparities in receipt of guideline-concordant treatment (GCT) contribute to these outcomes. This population-based study analyzed racial and ethnic differences in GCT receipt among early-stage NSCLC patients. Methods Patients diagnosed with early-sta...

Summary Ruminococcus bromii is a dominant member of the human colonic microbiota that plays a ‘keystone’ role in degrading dietary resistant starch. Recent evidence from one strain has uncovered a unique cell surface ‘amylosome’ complex that organizes starch‐degrading enzymes. New genome analysis presented here reveals further features of this complex and shows remarkable conservation of amylosome components between human colo...

Extra‐pair paternity ( EPP ), where offspring are sired by a male other than the social male, varies enormously both within and among species. Trying to explain this variation has proved difficult because the majority of the interspecific variation is phylogenetically based. Ideally, variation in EPP should be investigated in closely related species, but clades with sufficient variation are rare. We present a comprehensive mul...

Summary Ruminococcus champanellensis is a keystone species in the human gut that produces an intricate cellulosome system of various architectures. A variety of cellulosomal enzymes have been identified, which exhibit a range of hydrolytic activities on lignocellulosic substrates. We describe herein a unique R. champanellensis scaffoldin, ScaK, which is expressed during growth on cellobiose and comprises a cohesin module and a...

A Jaundice Syndrome occurs sporadically among sea‐pen‐farmed Chinook Salmon in British Columbia, the westernmost province of Canada. Affected salmon are easily identified by a distinctive yellow discolouration of the abdominal and periorbital regions. Through traditional diagnostics, no bacterial or viral agents were cultured from tissues of jaundiced Chinook Salmon; however, piscine reovirus (PRV) was identified via RT‐ rPCR...

Social environments have an important effect on a range of ecological processes, and form a crucial component of selection. However, little is known of the link between personality, social behaviour and population structure. We combine a well‐understood personality trait with large‐scale social networks in wild songbirds, and show that personality underpins multiple aspects of social organisation. First, we demonstrate a relat...

The statistical power of single‐locus paternity analyses has previously been assessed by calculating an expected exclusion probability ( E ), the probability of excluding a randomly chosen nonfather. This E ‐statistic assumes that putative sires are a random selection of individuals from a panmictic study population. In species that display male natal philopatry, closely related individuals may be the principal competitors for...