Purpose We investigated whether an active protocol of ischemic preconditioning (IPC-A) would improve high-intensity intermittent exercise performance in youth team sport players. Methods Fifteen male amateur team sport players (15.5 ± 0.5 yrs) attended four different preconditioning sessions before the YoYo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 (YYIR1) interspersed by seven days in a counterbalanced randomized cross-over design....

Fish live in communities, and most fisheries catch multiple species, yet fishery management predominately focuses on single species. In many multispecies fisheries, a variety of species are generally caught together at similar rates. Failure to account for this adequately in management has resulted in serial depletion and alterations to the ecosystem. Ideally, multispecies fisheries management should strive to produce good yie...

Migration of wild and cultivated juvenile honmoroko Gnathopogon caerulescens of from the spawning and nursery areas in Lake Biwa were investigated, both in the Ibanaiko Lagoon and its outlet to Daido River, using beam‐trawl surveys in 2013 and 2014. The study demonstrated migration of G. caerulescens from a nursery lagoon toward Lake Biwa after the juvenile stage. These findings appear to be the first direct evidence for migra...

This work examined three different phenotypes of the yellow‐eel stage of the European eel Anguilla anguilla , broad‐heads, narrow‐heads and eels with an intermediate head shape. The aim was to see whether broad‐headed A. anguilla , which generally consume harder, larger prey, such as crustaceans and fish, exerted greater bite force than the narrow‐headed variant, which mainly consume soft, small prey such as chironomid larvae....

Cytochrome p450 1A (cyp1A), pigmented macrophage aggregate (PMA) variables and fish descriptive characteristics were measured in field‐caught adult carp Cyprinus carpio from two upstream reference sites and two downstream Superfund sites contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the Kalamazoo River, MI, U.S.A. Liver PCB content in fish differed among sites, and immunocytochemical cyp1A protein expression was signif...

A behavioural alarm reaction was shown by 78% of the non‐operated juvenile matrinxã Brycon cephalus exposed to a conspecific skin extract, whereas the other 22% did not change their behaviour. The main reaction (72% of those reacting) consisted of a brief initial phase (2 min) of dashing or very rapid swimming followed by a long‐lasting period of immobility (up to 30 min). The second most frequent behaviour (22% of the reactin...