Preliminary studies were conducted to test new design criteria incorporated in the Sefsafa Canal (SC) with the aim of reducing water application costs without sacrificing irrigation performance. For comparison, we also studied the Meet‐Yazied Canal (MYC) (which is run without the new techniques). The cost‐reduction measures used in this study included reduction of pump discharge rates and the use of electricity instead of dies...

Juvenile three‐spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus in their nursery pond had a bimodal length distribution after October in their first year of life. A sea‐run migration of all individuals belonging to the lower modal group was observed, with a peak in early November. These data suggest that partial migration based on the early status of individual juveniles occurs in the Pacific Ocean form of three‐spined stickleback.

Hatchery‐reared honmasu salmon Oncorhynchus rhodurus × masou parr released into the Yanagisawa River, Tochigi Prefecture on 24 June 1996 increased significantly in length and weight by November, while siblings retained in hatchery tanks did not. Plasma growth hormone (GH) levels of the released parr increased from 1 day after the release until 23 August, while the GH levels of the wild parr in the river did not increase. The r...