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Rationale Acute alcohol intoxication impairs cognitive and motor control, elevating risk in safety–critical contexts. While blood alcohol concentration (BAC) quantifies exposure, it does not reflect real-time functional impairment. Mobile, performance-based assessments may offer scalable detection tools, but their sensitivity under controlled alcohol challenge requires further validation. Objectives To evaluate the sensitivity...
Modeling Red Blood Cell Deformation at Supraphysiological Strain Rates Using a Droplet FrameworkNARA Subscribed
Purpose Hemolysis remains a concern in mechanical circulatory support devices (MCSDs). Capturing flow-induced red blood cell (RBC) deformation is important to improve these technologies. Deformation models that are feasible for macroscale MCSD flows have not been calibrated with human RBC deformation data across multiple conditions. The purpose of this study is to modify and test a droplet deformation model that is applicable...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Conservation (or safe) havens are protected areas where barriers (e.g., fences) separate biodiversity from threatening processes and are being increasingly used to support conservation. Differences between selection pressures inside and outside havens can be anticipated; however, understanding of the evolutionary consequences of these differences is limited, and many changes may be going unnoticed. This hampers assessments of...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Computational Modeling of Flow in an in Vitro Cerebrovascular Model Under Pulsatile Conditions with Experimental ValidationNARA Subscribed
Purpose Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been widely used to understand various cardiovascular diseases such as acute ischemic stroke (AIS), which occurs when a blood clot lodges in the cerebrovasculature and obstructs blood flow that may lead to brain damage or death. Compared with medical imaging, CFD can predict hemodynamics and clot migration, which are crucial in better understanding the biomechanics of AIS. To rely...
A five-stage protocol for systematic measuring soil carbon and greenhouse gas fluxes in complex estatesNARA Subscribed
Background and Aims Plant-soil interactions are critical in governing soil carbon (C) stocks and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes, but they vary significantly across land uses, soil types, and soil management practices. Finding a potential intervention that could enhance soil C and GHG fluxes relies on reliable baseline data that can capture these variations. Complex estates, characterised by such heterogeneous conditions, require...
Current approaches to assessing potential non-target risks associated with biological control agents are conservative, and they often rely on oviposition experiments conducted in quarantine laboratories. By their nature, such tests offer robust evidence of a parasitoid’s ability to attack and develop in a host. However, they exclude many important chemical cues present in the natural environment, which play a key role in the a...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
Trophic rewilding: The diet of an opportunistic mesopredatorNARA Subscribed
Parasitoid biological control agents rely heavily on olfaction to locate their hosts. Chemical cues associated with hosts and non-hosts are known to influence the expression of host preferences and host-specificity. A better understanding of how and why parasitoids attack some species and not others, based on volatile organic compounds associated with potential hosts, can provide key information on the parasitoid’s host prefer...
Transport and mixing observed in a pond: Description of wind‐forced transport processes and quantification of mixing ratesNARA Subscribed
Ponds are characterized by high biodiversity, intense biogeochemical cycling, and susceptibility to anthropogenic impacts. Yet few studies have quantified the water velocities responsible for vertical mixing or lateral transport in ponds. We used high‐resolution observations of velocity to examine mixing and transport during summer in a 50‐m‐long, 2.7‐m‐deep temperate pond. Many observed transport and mixing processes resemble...
Everybody needs good neighbours: movement, habitat use, and conspecific association in a reintroduced mesopredatorNARA Subscribed
As a reintroduction progresses through the establishment, growth, and regulation phases, density-dependent mechanisms increasingly drive population dynamics. This can complicate efforts to reinforce these populations if the translocated individuals (henceforth reinforcers) are excluded, or existing residents become displaced. This is especially pertinent for islands and fenced havens, where immigration is often only possible b...