Kelp forests are among the most extensive and productive coastal ecosystems, yet they remain underrepresented in global conservation policy despite widespread declines driven by interacting global- (i.e., ocean warming, marine heatwaves) to local-scale stressors. At the same time, kelp conservation and restoration efforts are expanding rapidly across regions, but measures of success and syntheses tend to primarily focus on eco...

Radon is an established lung carcinogen, but more research is needed to inform whether area-based measures of radon exposure reflect underlying cancer risk. This study, the first of its kind in the UK, aimed to investigate the association between a nationwide indicative radon atlas and lung cancer risk in Northern Ireland, a region in which lung cancer screening programmes are under design. A population-based case–control stud...

Proximal tubule in vitro systems are important tools in pre-clinical drug development, providing insights into drug disposition and safety. Cells are often cultured in medium containing fetal calf serum (FCS); however, FCS addition is not physiologically relevant for cells of human origin. Here, in vitro cultures of human kidney proximal tubule cells were transitioned to FCS-free medium. The impact of FCS-free medium on matura...

The analysis of environmental DNA (eDNA) has revolutionized biodiversity assessments in aquatic ecosystems, enabling non‐invasive monitoring of fish communities across diverse regions. However, the global comparability of these eDNA datasets remains ambiguous due to heterogeneous sampling protocols and bioinformatic workflows across studies, making it difficult to assess how robust and comparable the biodiversity patterns infe...

Aims Today, we are experiencing rapid biodiversity loss due to climate change and human impacts. Such biodiversity loss is not only harmful to the environment but can also alter the composition of communities and the interactions of their members. The late Pleistocene experienced a drastic loss of large‐bodied mammals which resulted in significant changes in community structure due to changes in body size, diet, and species as...

The microclimate temperature within forests can substantially deviate from measurements outside forests. Yet, the amount and direction of this buffering strongly depend on meteorological conditions outside forests, such as free‐air temperature, wind speed, soil moisture, precipitation and solar radiation. Most studies on microclimate buffering focus on long‐term averages at coarse temporal resolution (e.g., monthly to seasonal...

Forest mesophication threatens the regeneration and potential future perpetuation of oak ( Quercus spp.) forests throughout southern Appalachia and eastern United States (US). We explored methods to produce stand-scale oak site suitability maps, within the Nantahala National Forest in North Carolina, which can be used to prioritize site-specific treatments to allow for oak regeneration and recruitment using silvicultural strat...

Mixed‐species forestry is a promising approach to enhance productivity, increase carbon sequestration, and mitigate climate change. Diverse forests, composed of species with varying structures and functional trait profiles, may have higher functional and structural diversity, which are attributes relevant to a number of mechanisms that can influence productivity. However, it remains unclear whether the context‐dependent roles...

Aim Tree size distributions are an emergent feature of forest dynamics across space and time. Theory suggests that undisturbed forests exhibit a size‐abundance distribution captured by a power‐law relationship with a near‐2 slope. We aimed to quantify how disturbances systematically and predictably cause deviations from this expected pattern. Location Contiguous United States. Time Period 2001–2023. Major Taxa Studied Diverse...

Clupeiform fishes are ecologically and economically important species contributing to industrial and artisanal fisheries worldwide. They represent key links in food webs, influencing the dynamic between trophic levels. The dietary interactions of these species are poorly studied in many regions, yet essential for fisheries management. To elucidate the role of these species in food webs of the Southern Brazilian Bight pelagic f...

Access to synchrotron X-ray facilities has become an important aspect for many disciplines in experimental Earth science. This is especially important for studies that rely on probing samples in situ under natural conditions different from the ones found at the surface of the Earth. The non-ambient condition Earth science program at the Advanced Light Source (ALS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, offers a variety of too...

Aim The microclimate and light conditions on the forest floor are strongly modified by tree canopies. Therefore, we need to better consider the micro‐environment when quantifying trait–environment relationships for forest understorey plants. Here, we quantify relationships between micro‐environmental conditions and plant functional traits at the community level, including intraspecific trait variation, and their relationship w...

Ocean acidification (OA) has provoked changes in the carbonate saturation state that may alter the formation and structural biomineralisation of calcium carbonate exoskeletons for marine organisms. Biomineral production in organisms such as cold-water corals (CWC) rely on available carbonate in the water column and the ability of the organism to sequester ions from seawater or nutrients for the formation and growth of a skelet...