The canopy thermal response of natural forests to elevated CO 2 (eCO 2 ) is an understudied biophysical feedback in the global climate system. We investigated the effects of eCO 2 (150 μmol mol −1 above ambient) on canopy temperature ( T can ) dynamics of mature (> 175 years) Quercus robur (oak) at the Birmingham Institute for Forest Research Free Air CO 2 Enrichment (BIFoR‐FACE) facility in Staffordshire, England, during the...

The free‐air CO 2 enrichment (FACE) site at the Birmingham Institute of Forest Research (BIFoR) is situated in a long‐established mature, temperate oak‐dominated forest. Over the past 8 years, these tree species have been exposed to elevated CO 2 (eCO 2 target: 150 ppm above ambient). The observed eCO 2 fertilization effect is significant in the mature oak trees, with sustained increases in photosynthesis and stem dry matter p...

Cities intimately intermingle people and air pollution. It is very difficult to monitor or model neighbourhood-scale pollutant transport explicitly. One computationally efficient way is to treat neighbourhoods as patches of porous media to which the flow adjusts. Here we use conceptual arguments and large-eddy simulation to formulate two flow regimes based on the size of patches of different frontal-area density within neighbo...