Sex is an important driver of variation in behaviour, ecology and physiology. Sex identification in the Critically Endangered European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) currently requires fish sacrifice, or the use of morphological differences such as body length, which can be inaccurate in certain habitats and at intermediate body lengths. Non‐lethal tools for accurate sex identification in this species are therefore required. Here,...

River connectivity is crucial for the European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) to complete its complex life cycle, which is vital for upstream recruitment to the declining population of this critically endangered catadromous fish. Eel passes, or ladders, are frequently installed on riverine structures, such as dams and weirs, to mitigate barrier effects and restore connectivity for upstream migrating eel. Efforts to optimise the eff...

Stimulation of sympathetic nerves in the vas deferens yields biphasic contractions consisting of a rapid transient component resulting from activation of P2X1 receptors by ATP and a secondary sustained component mediated by activation of α 1 -adrenoceptors by noradrenaline. Noradrenaline can also potentiate the ATP-dependent contractions of the vas deferens, but the mechanisms underlying this effect are unclear. The purpose of...

The global trend of increasing environmental temperatures is often predicted to result in more severe disease epidemics. However, unambiguous evidence that temperature is a driver of epidemics is largely lacking, because it is demanding to demonstrate its role among the complex interactions between hosts, pathogens, and their shared environment. Here, we apply a three‐pronged approach to understand the effects of temperature o...