Background and aims Agricultural soils in semi-arid sub-Saharan Africa are often low in soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N), making them vulnerable to degradation and threatening food security of smallholder farmers. Conservation agriculture practices such as mulching are promoted as climate-resilient strategies to improve soil fertility, but it remains unclear whether these practices improve soil biogeochemical propert...

We used a high-resolution (1/12°) Modular Ocean Model version 6 implementation for the Northwest Atlantic Ocean (MOM6-NWA12) to dynamically downscale Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Earth System Model version 4.1 (GFDL-ESM4.1) projections for the 21st century. Simulations were conducted under four different Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 emission scenarios. MOM6-NWA12 accurately simulates the spatial patte...

In a world where habitats are degrading and the climate is warming and becoming unpredictable, biodiversity conservation efforts and funding remain grossly inadequate. As part of a multifaceted approach to halting extinctions, shifting from preserving small, remnant populations to a practice of genetically connecting populations that recreate larger and more diverse populations is expected to be beneficial. This harnesses key...

Background and Aims Multiple biotic and abiotic stressors increasingly threaten tropical grasslands, yet restoration efforts predominantly prioritise aboveground traits, neglecting critical belowground traits essential for ecosystem resilience and recovery. We proposed that these neglected traits shape ecosystem biodiversity, productivity, and stress tolerance. This study assessed biomass yield, root and rhizosphere traits, re...

We analyze the frequency and amplitude of projected warming and ocean acidification extremes under high CO 2 and strongly mitigating scenarios. We find interpretational differences in projections arising from methodological choices associated with specification of stressor thresholds. Use of absolute versus distribution‐based thresholds, and, in the distribution‐based case, the inclusion or exclusion of seasonal variability, c...

Zooplankton diel vertical migration (DVM) is critical to ocean ecosystem dynamics and biogeochemical cycles, by supplying food and injecting carbon into the mesopelagic ocean (200–800 m). The deeper the zooplankton migrate, the longer the carbon is sequestered away from the atmosphere and the deeper the ecosystems they feed. Sparse observations show variations in migration depths over a wide range of temporal and spatial scale...

Aim To compare field‐based evidence of plant and animal responses to fire with remotely sensed signals of fire heterogeneity and post‐fire biomass recovery. Location South‐eastern Australia; New South Wales. Time Period 2019–2022. Major Taxa Studied A total of 982 species of plants and animals, in eight taxonomic groups: amphibians, birds, fish, insects, mammals, molluscs, plants and reptiles. Methods We collated 545,223 plant...

Using a 1/12° regional model of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean (MOM6-NWA12), we downscale an ensemble of retrospective seasonal forecasts from a 1° global forecast model. To evaluate whether downscaling improved the forecast skill for surface temperature and salinity and bottom temperature, the global and downscaled forecasts are compared with each other and with a reference forecast of persistence using anomaly correlation. Bot...

A novel bacterial species, Photorhabdus viridis sp. nov., represented by strain Green T , isolated from Heterorhabditis zealandica MJ2C entomopathogenic nematodes, is described. Phylogenetic reconstructions using 16S rRNA gene sequences show that strain Green T is closely related to P. thracensis DSM 15199 T . The 16rRNA gene sequences of these two strains are 98.8% identical. Phylogenetic reconstructions using whole-genome se...

Following the introduction of the ‘Boolarra’ strain to Australia in the mid 1960’s, Common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) rapidly spread in waterways across the Murray–Darling Basin (MDB) in southern-eastern Australia. A previous study of the population expansion based upon data up to the early 2000s suggested the carp population may have reached, and was fluctuating around, the ecosystem carrying capacity. It has been widely stated...

Climate change is an environmental emergency threatening species and ecosystems globally. Oceans have absorbed about 90% of anthropogenic heat and 20%–30% of the carbon emissions, resulting in ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation, changes in ocean stratification and nutrient availability, and more severe extreme events. Given predictions of further changes, there is a critical need to understand how marine species will...

Aim Theory predicts fish community biomass to decline with increasing temperature due to higher metabolic losses resulting in less efficient energy transfer in warm‐water food webs. However, whether these metabolic predictions explain observed macroecological patterns in fish community biomass is virtually unknown. Here, we test these predictions by examining the variation in demersal fish biomass across productive shelf regio...