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A Framework to Investigate the Effects of Observation Error on Neural Network Predictions of Fish AgeNARA Subscribed
Technological innovations for predicting fish age represent a paradigm shift from conventional age estimation methods used in fisheries science. Recently developed secondary methods rely on models trained on conventional age estimates, derived from subjective interpretation of growth patterns and a biological property of the fish to predict age. Hence, quantifying the error that propagates from these models and the conventiona...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
The negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia are predictive of quality of life and functional recovery, but there are no approved drug options that target these symptoms directly. TAK-041 (also known as NBI-1065846) is a selective and potent small-molecule agonist of GPR139, an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor, which has been shown to reverse deficits related to negative and cognitive symptoms in animal models. In thi...
Examining life cycle impacts of metropolitan food system scenarios: comparing top-down and bottom-up LCA modeling approachesNARA Subscribed
Purpose Food systems have evolved to supply the growing demands of urban populations, often without providing reliable supplies of nutritious, environmentally sustainable foods. In this study we assessed life cycle impacts (global warming potential (GWP), energy, water, and land use) for the Des Moines Metropolitan Statistical Area (DM-MSA) U.S. Midwest) food system, comparing two LCA modeling approaches. Methods Metropolitan...
Moth, beetle, and bug assemblages are shaped differently across a tropical rainforest vertical gradientNARA Subscribed
Tropical forests harbour a large proportion of Earth’s insect biodiversity. Tropical forest structure produces layers of habitat from the cooler, wetter understorey to the hotter, drier canopy, which provide stratified resources for inhabitants. This gradient of biotic and abiotic factors results in vertically stratified insect communities, often with different assemblages in the understorey and canopy. Vertical distributions...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
Predicting the progression of MCI and Alzheimer’s disease on structural brain integrity and other features with machine learningNARA Subscribed
Machine learning (ML) on structural MRI data shows high potential for classifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression, but the specific contribution of brain regions, demographics, and proteinopathy remains unclear. Using Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data, we applied an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm and SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values to classify cognitively normal (CN) older adults, th...
The Bayesian backtracking problem in oceanic drift modellingNARA Subscribed
Colour change of greenlip abalone, Haliotis Laevigata Donovan, fed dried macroalgae meals in concurrent laboratory and on‐farm trialsNARA Subscribed
In Australia, cultured greenlip abalone ( Haliotis laevigata ) are fed formulated diets that lack macroalgae. This has resulted in a pale lip colour in contrast to the vivid green lip colour of wild abalone. We evaluated the effects of supplementing 15% dried macroalgae meal, using either commercially available macroalgae meal (MSM) or harvested Gracilaria cliftonii, on colour change in greenlip abalone . Abalone were fed the...
Tree diversity shapes the spectral signature of light transmittance in developing forestsNARA Subscribed
Greater tree diversity often increases forest productivity by increasing the fraction of light captured and the effectiveness of light use at the community scale. However, light may shape forest function not only as a source of energy or a cause of stress but also as a context cue: Plant photoreceptors can detect specific wavelengths of light, and plants use this information to assess their neighborhoods and adjust their patte...
Using Community Composition and Successional Theory to Guide Site‐Specific Coral Reef ManagementNARA Subscribed
High spatial or temporal variability in community composition makes it challenging for natural resource managers to predict ecosystem trajectories at scales relevant to management. This is commonly the case in nearshore marine environments, where the frequency and intensity of disturbance events vary at the sub‐kilometer to meter scale, creating a patchwork of successional stages within a single ecosystem. The successional sta...
Germline copy number variants and endometrial cancer riskNARA Subscribed
Known risk loci for endometrial cancer explain approximately one third of familial endometrial cancer. However, the association of germline copy number variants (CNVs) with endometrial cancer risk remains relatively unknown. We conducted a genome-wide analysis of rare CNVs overlapping gene regions in 4115 endometrial cancer cases and 17,818 controls to identify functionally relevant variants associated with disease. We identif...