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Insights from three decades of IUCN Red List assessments catalyzing shark, ray, and chimaera conservationNARA Subscribed
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species is a critical measure of global aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity status. It is also the basis for the Red List Index, which tracks extinction risk over time. Sharks, rays, and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) have now been comprehensively assessed twice (1996–2011 and 2012–2021) with hindcast assessments from 1970 onward, yielding an unprece...
Multi‐Decadal Dynamics of Wetland Methane Emissions Revealed by Knowledge‐Guided Machine LearningNARA Subscribed
Measurement of methane fluxes (FCH 4 ) from natural systems, such as wetlands, has lagged far behind carbon dioxide fluxes. Short and fragmented wetland FCH 4 data limit our ability to assess its long‐term dynamics and potential climate feedbacks. Extrapolating short‐term FCH 4 records to recent decades remains challenging for both process‐based models and data‐driven machine learning (ML) approaches. Here, we develop a knowle...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
With an area covering just under 1 million km 2 , Australia’s Coral Sea Marine Park (CSMP) is among the largest marine protected areas globally. Yet, the demersal deep-reef fish fauna of the CSMP remains poorly described, due in part to its remote location, as well as its sheer size, much of which is inaccessible below conventional SCUBA diving depths. Recent remotely operated vehicle (ROV) explorations conducted by the Schmid...
Tropical ecosystems contain the world's largest biodiversity of vascular plants. Yet, our understanding of tropical functional diversity and its contribution to global diversity patterns is constrained by data availability. This discrepancy underscores an urgent need to bridge data gaps by incorporating comprehensive tropical root data into global datasets. Here, we provide a database of tropical root characteristics. This new...
Anadromous salmonids migrate seaward to exploit feeding and growth opportunities in marine habitats, yet how smolt biological characteristics influence their marine migratory behavior remains poorly understood. This study used 9 years of trout ( Salmo trutta ) population monitoring data from 15,595 tagged age‐0+ parr, 1033 smolts detected migrating downstream in spring, and 99 adults detected returning from their first marine...
Animals within social groups respond to costs and benefits of sociality by adjusting the proportion of time they spend in close proximity to other individuals in the group (cohesion). Variation in cohesion between individuals, in turn, shapes important group‐level processes such as subgroup formation and fission–fusion dynamics. Although critical to animal sociality, a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing coh...
Iron and steel slags have a long history of both disposal and beneficial use in the coastal zone. Despite the large volumes of slag deposited, comprehensive assessments of potential risks associated with metal(loid) leaching from iron and steel by-products are rare for coastal systems. This study provides a national-scale overview of the 14 known slag deposits in the coastal environment of Great Britain (those within 100 m of...
Ocean-based industries like shipping, aquaculture, and wind energy are growing at an unprecedented rate resulting in challenges related to siting and environmental management. As marine aquaculture and other ocean-based industries continue to expand, robust marine spatial planning analyses that reconcile existing ocean uses and integrate pertinent environmental and planning data are critical for identifying compatible location...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2022 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
As marine aquaculture expands around the world, there is increased concern for impacts to protected species. Documented cases of marine mammal, sea turtle, seabird, and shark interactions with aquaculture installations do exist but are challenging to find. This extensive review summarises the state of knowledge of protected species interactions with marine fish and shellfish aquaculture installations. Although seaweed aquacult...
We delineated and scored Biologically Important Areas (BIAs) for cetacean species in the Gulf of Alaska region. BIAs represent areas and times in which cetaceans are known to concentrate for activities related to reproduction, feeding, and migration, and also the known ranges of small and resident populations. This National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA)-led effort uses structured expert elicitation principles to b...