ALAN WATT results 26
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Earth's biodiversity is central to ecosystem health and resilience, providing essential functions and services. The Red Sea is a recognised marine biodiversity hotspot with high endemism and unique environmental conditions that support extensive but poorly resolved biodiversity. Here, we applied metagenomic analyses to sediment samples collected from coastal to deep‐sea environments during the Red Sea Decade Expedition 2022 to...
Marine megafauna species are affected by a wide range of anthropogenic threats. To evaluate the risk of such threats, species’ vulnerability to each threat must first be determined. We build on the existing threats classification scheme and ranking system of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species by assessing the vulnerability of 256 marine megafauna species to 23 at‐sea threat...
Large birds travel farther in homogeneous environmentsNARA Subscribed
Aim Animal movement is an important determinant of individual survival, population dynamics and ecosystem structure and function. Nonetheless, it is still unclear how local movements are related to resource availability and the spatial arrangement of resources. Using resident bird species and migratory bird species outside the migratory period, we examined how the distribution of resources affects the movement patterns of both...
Delivery Technologies for Orally Inhaled Products: an UpdateNARA Subscribed
Aim Among the world's three major nectar‐feeding bird taxa, hummingbirds are the most phenotypically specialized for nectarivory, followed by sunbirds, while the honeyeaters are the least phenotypically specialized taxa. We tested whether this phenotypic specialization gradient is also found in the interaction patterns with their floral resources. Location Americas, Africa, Asia and Oceania/Australia. Methods We compiled inter...
Aim To investigate the association between hummingbird–plant network structure and species richness, phylogenetic signal on species' interaction pattern, insularity and historical and current climate. Location Fifty‐four communities along a c . 10,000 km latitudinal gradient across the A mericas (39° N –32° S ), ranging from sea level to c . 3700 m a.s.l., located on the mainland and on islands and covering a wide range of cli...
Summary The gap between current average global wheat yields and that achievable through best agronomic management and crop genetics is large. This is notable in intensive wheat rotations which are widely used. Expectations are that this gap can be reduced by manipulating soil processes, especially those that involve microbial ecology. Cross‐year analysis of the soil microbiome in an intensive wheat cropping system revealed tha...
Nasal delivery of fentanylNARA Subscribed
Ecosystem carbon accretion 10 years after afforestation of depleted subhumid grassland planted with three densities of Pinus nigraNARA Subscribed
Biomass and soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) were measured in a replicated trial after afforestation of a New Zealand upland subhumid low‐productivity grassland with four tree stockings, including an unplanted control, of Pinus nigra . Total biomass accumulation of P. nigra in the cool, dry and N‐limited environment was low, ranging from 10 to 20 Mg ha −1 dry weight at age 10. Carbon and N accumulation in above‐ and belowgroun...
Performance of Macrolichens and Lichen Genera as Indicators of Lichen Species Richness and CompositionNARA Subscribed
In the search for cost‐effective methods for measuring and monitoring lichen diversity, we tested the performance of two possible indicators: lichen genus diversity and macrolichen diversity. We studied the lichen vegetation of eight European countries situated in six different biogeographic regions. In each country, six land‐use units (each 1 km 2 ) representing a land‐use gradient ranging from old‐growth forest to farmland w...
Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivoresNARA Subscribed
This review examines the direct effects of climate change on insect herbivores. Temperature is identified as the dominant abiotic factor directly affecting herbivorous insects. There is little evidence of any direct effects of CO 2 or UVB. Direct impacts of precipitation have been largely neglected in current research on climate change. Temperature directly affects development, survival, range and abundance. Species with a lar...