The mammoth is assessed here both for its cultural significance as well as a source of dietary n ‐3 (omega‐3) fatty acids in Palaeolithic societies. For this, we analysed fats from several frozen mammoths found in the permafrost of Siberia (Russian Federation) and conducted a comprehensive literature review on the relationships of hominins with mammoths throughout the Stone Age. Different mammoth samples were included in this...

Pollen, botanical macrofossils, chemical components and ancient DNA were studied in samples from the rumen of a frozen Yakutian bison ( Bison priscus ) that lived ca. 10,500 cal a BP. The dialkyl glycerol ether lipid archaeol (2,3‐di‐ O ‐phytanyl‐ sn ‐glycerol) was detected and is interpreted to have been derived from methanogenic Archaea in the rumen. This is the oldest reported occurrence of archaeol attributed to digestive...