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Short term e-bicycle riding results in favorable cardiometabolic shifts in moderately active adultsNARA Subscribed
Purpose Electric bikes (EB) are a form of active transportation with demonstrated health benefits. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of riding an EB for one week on indices of cardiometabolic health in middle-aged adults. Methods Adults (n = 22; age = 57.1 ± 11.3 year; BMI = 27.7 ± 4.9) participated in a 2 week study. During Week 1, participants were instructed to continue regular activities. Starting We...
Predation is a major evolutionary driver of animal adaptation. However, understanding of anti-predator evolution is biased toward vertebrate taxa. Cephalopoda, a class in the invertebrate phylum Mollusca, are known for their diverse anti-predator strategies, characterised by their behavioural flexibility. While ancestral cephalopods were protected by a hard outer shell, extant cephalopods have greatly reduced their reliance on...
A broadscale analysis of host‐symbiont cophylogeny reveals the drivers of phylogenetic congruenceNARA Subscribed
Symbioses exert substantial biological influence, with great evolutionary and ecological relevance for disease, major evolutionary transitions, and the structure and function of ecological communities. Yet, much remains unknown about the patterns and processes that characterise symbioses. A major unanswered question is the extent to which symbiont phylogenies mirror those of their hosts and if patterns differ for parasites and...
The Pleistocene species pump past its prime: Evidence from European butterfly sister speciesNARA Subscribed
The Pleistocene glacial cycles had a profound impact on the ranges and genetic make‐up of organisms. While it is clear that the contact zones that have been described for many sister taxa are secondary and have formed in the current interglacial, it is unclear when the taxa involved began to diverge. Previous estimates based on small numbers of loci are unreliable given the stochasticity of genetic drift and the contrasting ef...
Spatial patterns of African ungulate aggregation reveal complex but limited risk effects from reintroduced carnivoresNARA Subscribed
The “landscape of fear” model, recently advanced in research on the non‐lethal effects of carnivores on ungulates, predicts that prey will exhibit detectable antipredator behavior not only during risky times (i.e., predators in close proximity) but also in risky places (i.e., habitat where predators kill prey or tend to occur). Aggregation is an important antipredator response in numerous ungulate species, making it a useful m...
Cryptic diversity and female host specificity in a parasitoid where the sexes utilize hosts from separate ordersNARA Subscribed
Investigating complex parasitic life cycles is important for understanding the major fitness components that drive the evolution of host–parasite systems. The rare condition of heterotrophic heteronomy, in which the sexes utilize disparate host taxa, is a poorly understood complex parasitic lifestyle. One of only two known examples occurs in the Myrmecolacidae, an unusual family of the parasitoid order Strepsiptera (Insecta),...
The widespread utilization of molecular markers has revealed that a broad spectrum of taxa contain sets of morphologically cryptic, but genetically distinct lineages ( Bickford et al. 2007 ). The identification of cryptic taxa is important as an accurate appreciation of diversity is crucial for a proper understanding of evolutionary and ecological processes. An example is the study of host specificity in parasitic taxa, where...
Evidence for widespread cryptic sexual generations in apparently purely asexual Andricus gallwaspsNARA Subscribed
Oak gallwasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) are one of seven major animal taxa that commonly reproduce by cyclical parthenogenesis (CP). A major question in research on CP taxa is the frequency with which lineages lose their sexual generations, and diversify as purely asexual radiations. Most oak gallwasp species are only known from an asexual generation, and secondary loss of sex has been conclusively demonstrated in sev...
Poster abstractsNARA Subscribed
Insect parasitoids are important components of many terrestrial ecosystems. However, relatively little is known about the mechanisms responsible for structuring their populations. Here we investigate the ability of Megastigmus stigmatizans , an oak gall wasp parasitoid, to track its host Andricus kollari over two different timescales, and examine its current population structure across a divide in host population structure. Th...
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