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The abnormal tumor vasculature can present a barrier to the infiltration of anti-tumor immune cells, which impairs immune surveillance and response to immunotherapy. Here, we show that genetically deleting the epigenetic factor DNA methyltransferase 1 ( Dnmt1 ) in endothelial cells (ECs) reduces angiogenesis while imparting profound changes to the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), including increased proportions of CD4 + m...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Clarifying species boundaries in oak powdery mildews: description of Erysiphe quercus-palustris sp. nov. and notes on E. abbreviataNARA Subscribed
Powdery mildews ( Erysiphaceae ) are obligate fungal pathogens that infect over 10,000 plant taxa worldwide. Oaks ( Quercus spp.) are a particularly important group of hosts due to their ecological and economic value. Recent molecular work has revealed that species infecting North American oaks are more diverse and host-specific than previously recognized. Here, we describe Erysiphe quercus-palustris sp. nov., collected on Que...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2024 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
Waterfowl Move Less in Heterogeneous and Human‐Populated Landscapes, With Implications for Spread of Avian Influenza VirusesNARA Subscribed
Animal movements contribute to the spread of infectious diseases and are driven in part by environmental conditions. We investigated the links among the environment, animal movement, and infectious disease dynamics in waterfowl, which are among the primary wildlife hosts of avian influenza viruses. By combining telemetry data on 4606 individuals from 26 waterfowl species with data on land cover, weather, and vegetation, we fou...
Mapping blue carbon ecosystems from Earth observations at a national scale for Papua New GuineaOA Marine
National maps are essential to support the conservation, restoration, and sustainable management of blue carbon ecosystems (BCE). This is particularly important for nations in the Indo-Pacific region, including Papua New Guinea (PNG), that aspire to integrate these ecosystems into their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) for ecosystem accounting. This study focussed on mapping the extent of BCEs in PNG using Earth obse...
Genetic mapping of novel QTL for seed protein stability in food-grade soybean (Glycine max)NARA Subscribed
Key message Two novel quantitative trait loci associated with soybean protein content stability were identified on chromosomes 10 and 18. Haplotype analysis showed these to significantly improve stability without protein content penalty. Abstract Soybean seed protein content is a complex physiological trait under polygenic control and significant genotype by environment interaction. Protein content is largely influenced by amb...