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The Asia region harbors exceptional chondrichthyan (shark, ray, and chimaera) diversity but faces intense fishing pressure. The Important Shark and Ray Areas (ISRA) process provides a collaborative, evidence-based framework to identify critical habitats and inform spatial management. We assessed ISRAs across the Bay of Bengal, Southeast Asia, and the Northwest Pacific to characterize their extent, ecological significance, and...
Building trust in the integration of artificial intelligence into chemical risk assessment: findings from the 2024 ECETOC workshopNARA Subscribed
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly influencing chemical risk assessment, enabling faster, more comprehensive, and potentially more ethical assessments. The application of AI in chemical risk assessment refers to both generative and predictive algorithms encompassing machine learning, to analyse complex chemical, biological, and environmental data and provide insights into adverse effect potential for humans and ecosy...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are essential for preserving marine biodiversity; yet they face challenges from various human pressures, including vessel activities. This study examines the extent, spatial distribution, and temporal variability of vessel activity within the Southwest Marine Protected Area (MT101), a Natura 2000 site off the Maltese Islands, with the aim of identifying where and to what degree different vessel ca...
Epigenomic changes are a hallmark of aging, and DNA methylation (DNAm) has emerged as the most reliable molecular marker of an individual's age. Genome‐wide patterns of age‐associated hypo‐ and hypermethylation have been applied to generate predictive models (i.e., “epigenetic clocks”) capable of estimating chronological age in an increasingly diverse set of species including many mammals, a few birds, a reptile, and several b...
SNAPSHOT USA 2024: Year 6 of the Coordinated National Camera Trap Survey of the United StatesNARA Subscribed
Motivation SNAPSHOT USA is an annual, multi‐contributor camera trap survey of mammals across the United States. The growing SNAPSHOT USA dataset is intended for tracking the spatial and temporal responses of mammal populations to changes in land use, land cover and climate. These data will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, as well as the impacts of speci...
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) disproportionately affects women and carriers of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4), yet little is known about how sex and APOE interact to influence white matter (WM) integrity during disease progression. We integrated diffusion MRI and matched blood transcriptomic data to investigate these interactions and their underlying biological mechanisms. WM microstructure was quantified using diffusion te...
The Toxicology Investigators Consortium 2024 Annual ReportNARA Subscribed
Viral transfer from managed pollinators potentially threatens wild pollinators and may be exacerbated by land‐use changes. Our causal models and plant‐pollinator network data from 48 European urban and agricultural landscapes revealed the ecological mechanisms underpinning viral transmission. Host identity, network architecture and land‐use modulated viral dynamics (black queen cell virus, BQCV; deformed wing virus, DWV‐A and...
Understanding and predicting the geographic distributions of phlebotomine sand flies in and around EuropeNARA Subscribed
Climate and land-use changes influence the transmission of vector-borne diseases by affecting the distribution and survival of disease vectors. Numerous diseases are transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae), including leishmaniasis. Several major sand fly-borne diseases are responsible for high global disease burdens and high socio-economic costs. In Europe, over 20 known sand fly vector spe...
The Cost of Antivenom: A Cost Minimization Study using the North American Snakebite RegistryNARA Subscribed
Envenomation is a global health issue, with over 9,000 encounters managed in the United States yearly. The introduction of immunoglobulin fragment antivenom has reduced the risk of hypersensitivity. This study compares treatment costs of crotaline envenomation using the Fab and F(ab’) 2 antivenoms as reported to the North American Snakebite Registry (NASBR), a nationwide surveillance tool. Methods This was a retrospective anal...