Synergistic polyreactivity of antibodies—where distinct oligo- or polyreactive clones combine to enable broad-spectrum antigen binding—was recently demonstrated for human anti-galactose-α-1,3-galactose (αGal) antibodies. However, it remains unclear whether this phenomenon also occurs in other antigen-defined antibody populations. Here, we investigated synergistic polyreactivity in isohemagglutinins (naturally occurring antibod...

Winter cover crops (CCs) provide substantial agronomic and environmental benefits, yet their influence on nitrogen (N) fertilization requirements and yield outcomes for subsequent crops remains underexplored. This study investigates the economic optimal nitrogen rates (EONRs) and corresponding yield effects for first (silage maize or sugar beet) and second (winter wheat) succeeding crops following CCs. Four CC species from dif...

Drainage and agricultural use transform natural peatlands from a net carbon (C) sink to a net C source. Rewetting of peatlands, despite of high methane (CH 4 ) emissions, holds the potential to mitigate climate change by greatly reducing CO 2 emissions. However, the time span for this transition is unknown because most studies are limited to a few years. Especially, nonpermanent open water areas often created after rewetting,...

Climate change impacts on the structure and function of ecosystems will worsen public health issues like allergic diseases. Birch trees ( Betula spp.) are important sources of aeroallergens in Central and Northern Europe. Birches are vulnerable to climate change as these trees are sensitive to increased temperatures and summer droughts. This study aims to examine the effect of climate change on airborne birch pollen concentrat...

Drainage has turned peatlands from a carbon sink into one of the world's largest greenhouse gas ( GHG ) sources from cultivated soils. We analyzed a unique data set (12 peatlands, 48 sites and 122 annual budgets) of mainly unpublished GHG emissions from grasslands on bog and fen peat as well as other soils rich in soil organic carbon ( SOC ) in Germany. Emissions and environmental variables were measured with identical methods...