Cold seeps are deep-sea benthic features which emit hydrocarbon-rich fluids (primarily methane), representing notable conduits for carbon from long-term geologic stores to the hydrosphere. Methane is a potent greenhouse gas with substantial implications for earth’s climate. Due to their global distribution, cold seeps and their associated ecosystems have a potentially significant, and often overlooked, role in global carbon cy...

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are key ocean conservation tools that can safeguard the diversity and function of marine ecosystems in the face of an increasing footprint and intensity of human activities. To be effective, MPA design, implementation, and management must consider not only individual, but also cumulative effects of historical, current and foreseeable future activities both within and outside MPA boundaries. Cumula...