Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity, with approximately 40% of cases linked to hereditary genetic mutations, including MAPT , GRN , and C9ORF72 . Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of cellular processes related to neurodegeneration and as potential biomarkers for FTD. However, their relevance in presymptomatic stag...

Purpose To determine if GET via charge-balanced patterned bipolar microsecond pulses could be improved, novel bursts of patterned bipolar microsecond pulsed electric fields were investigated in a cuvette and 3D tissue model to evaluate gene electrotransfer (GET) in vitro. Methods Various charge-balancing strategies were implemented to create bipolar microsecond waveforms. A cuvette model was used to identify optimal electric f...