Brittle magmatic fragmentation is pivotal in volcanic eruptions, influencing both eruption dynamics and pyroclast generation. Rapid decompression of a volatile-rich, viscous magma can initiate an explosive phase, which is directly influenced by gas overpressure in bubbles. However, natural systems and their associated bubble textures are rarely homogeneous, meaning that pressure and shear conditions can vary on different scale...

Plant nutrient uptake and productivity are driven by a multitude of factors that have been modified by human activities, like climate change and the activity of decomposers. However, interactive effects of climate change and key decomposer groups like earthworms have rarely been studied. In a field microcosm experiment, we investigated the effects of a mean future climate scenario with warming (+ 0.50 °C to + 0.62 °C) and alte...

The increasing production, use and emission of synthetic chemicals into the environment represents a major driver of global change. The large number of synthetic chemicals, limited knowledge on exposure patterns and effects in organisms and their interaction with other global change drivers hamper the prediction of effects in ecosystems. However, recent advances in biomolecular and computational methods are promising to improv...

Krafla central volcano in Iceland has experienced numerous basaltic fissure eruptions through its history, the most recent examples being the Mývatn (1724‒1729) and Krafla Fires (1975–1984). The Mývatn Fires opened with a steam-driven eruption that produced the Víti crater. A magmatic intrusion has been inferred as the trigger perturbing the geothermal field hosting Víti, but the cause(s) of the explosive response remain uncer...

Forest soil and litter is inhabited by a diverse community of animals, which directly and indirectly rely on dead organic matter as habitat and food resource. However, community composition may be driven by biotic or abiotic forces, and these vary with changes in habitat structure and resource supply associated with forest land use. To evaluate these changes, we compiled comprehensive data on the species composition of soil an...

Hydrothermal eruptions are characterised by violent explosions ejecting steam, water, mud, and rock. They pose a risk to tourism and the operation of power plants in geothermal areas around the world. Large events with a severe destructive threat are often intensified by the injection of magmatic fluids along faults and fractures within volcano-tectonic rifting environments, such as the Taupo Volcanic Zone. How these hydrother...

Magmas vesiculate during ascent, producing complex interconnected pore networks, which can act as outgassing pathways and then deflate or compact to volcanic plugs. Similarly, in-conduit fragmentation events during dome-forming eruptions create open systems transiently, before welding causes pore sealing. The percolation threshold is the first-order transition between closed- and open-system degassing dynamics. Here, we use ti...

Soil microbial biomass is a key determinant of carbon dynamics in the soil. Several studies have shown that soil microbial biomass significantly increases with plant species diversity, but it remains unclear whether plant species diversity can also stabilize soil microbial biomass in a changing environment. This question is particularly relevant as many global environmental change ( GEC ) factors, such as drought and nutrient...

Sediment dynamics were investigated in Lake Maggiore, Italy, with field observations from October to mid‐December 2012. Three moorings were deployed in Pallanza Bay, a small embayment on the western side of the lake near the Toce River inflow, to measure temperature and currents throughout the water column and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) was estimated with acoustic instrumentation. River intrusions are shown to domi...

Predator body size and prey quality are important factors driving prey choice and consumption rates. Both factors might affect prey detection success in PCR ‐based gut content analysis, potentially resulting in over‐ or underestimation of feeding rates. Experimental evidence, however, is scarce. We examined how body size and prey quality affect prey DNA detection success in centipede predators. Due to metabolic rates increasin...