The Arabian Gulf (also known as the Persian Gulf; hereafter simply the Gulf) is a shallow, subtropical, semi-enclosed sea that experiences the highest average summer sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the global ocean. While local marine organisms have adapted to these extreme conditions, interannual temperature fluctuations result in occasional marine heatwaves (MHWs) that trigger mass coral bleaching and other ecological imp...

Effectively managing and transforming organic waste into a valuable resource is critical for minimising environmental impact, conserving resources, and mitigating climate change. Anaerobic digestate of solid food waste has high ammonium (NH 4 + ) concentration and discharging it into the environment after nitrification may cause eutrophication. This study aimed to characterise (i) the adsorption of NH 4 + from anaerobic digest...