Introduction The microbiome is crucial for the health and resilience of marine species; however, in most cases its complexity and host-specific dynamics remain poorly understood. Methods This study provides a multi-year and multi-seasonal analysis of eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbiomes in three ecologically important bivalves - mussels ( Mytilus galloprovincialis ), clams ( Ruditapes philippinarum ), and cockles ( Cerastode...

Introduction The gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata ) is a key species in European aquaculture, but its production is threatened by infectious diseases, including photobacteriosis caused by Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida ( Phdp ). This bacterial pathogen leads to high mortality, particularly in larvae and juveniles, and poses a significant challenge due to rising antibiotic resistance and the limited efficacy of vacc...

Recent evidence has demonstrated the unique properties of the innate immune system, known as innate immune memory, immune priming, or trained immunity. These properties have been described as the ability of the innate immune system to learn from previous microbial experiences, which improves survival after subsequent infection. In this review, we present the state of knowledge on trained immunity in invertebrates and provide a...

Introduction Mollusks play a significant role in marine ecosystems and have economic value for aquaculture. Sometimes, unexpected and unexplained mortalities among mollusks have been described. The role of potential pathogens such as viruses remains unknown due to the lack of molluscan cell cultures, which is one of the major drawbacks to determining the viral role in such mortalities. Several oceanographic studies have sugges...

Introduction In recent years, environmental DNA (eDNA) amplicon sequencing has been used to unveil plankton diversity in the field. Nevertheless, molecular methods, such as this, are rarely used in harmful algal bloom (HAB) monitoring programs, which mainly rely on morphological identification by conventional light microscopy. Methods The present study focused on a shallow marine environment (Ría de Vigo, Northwest Spain), whe...

Marine microorganisms are involved in a variety of biogeochemical cycles and live in diverse ecological communities where they interact with each other and with other organisms to guarantee ecosystem functions. The present study focused on a shallow marine environment located in Ría de Vigo (NW, Spain), where sediment and size-fractionated plankton samples were collected from 2016 to 2018. DNA metabarcoding was used to describ...

Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida is the causative agent of furunculosis, a disease affecting numerous fish species worldwide. It is a highly pathogenic bacterium for turbot, whose farming production represents an important economic activity in several European countries and China. To better understand the response of this organism to A. salmonicida , we conducted RNA-Seq analysis of the head kidney from experimentally...