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Despite extensive research on the western Pacific crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS; Acanthaster cf. solaris ), especially from Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR), there are persistent knowledge gaps that constrain understanding and management. Given renewed population irruptions of CoTS on the GBR, alongside escalating climate impacts and direct anthropogenic pressures, a quantitative assessment of knowledge gaps was undertake...
Diet of juvenile skipjack herring Alosa chrysochloris : Ontogenetic shifts, predator–prey size ratios and mouth gape allometryNARA Subscribed
The skipjack herring Alosa chrysochloris inhabits Gulf of Mexico drainages, primarily the Mississippi River Basin, and estuarine environments in the Gulf of Mexico. The trophic ecology of the skipjack herring is poorly understood, therefore we quantified the length, mouth gape and gut contents of juvenile skipjack herring from the Mississippi River (fish n = 6), Illinois River (fish n = 181) and Ohio River (fish n = 255) and t...
Diagnosing Linearity Along the Carbon Cascade in Terrestrial Biosphere Models and ObservationsNARA Subscribed
Elevated carbon dioxide (eCO 2 ) acts as a fertiliser for photosynthesis, driving an increase in gross primary production (GPP). However, it is unclear how effectively increased GPP propagates along the ‘carbon (C) cascade’ to increase net primary production (NPP) and vegetation C stocks ( C veg ) in different plant compartments. Vegetation models were criticised for being overly sensitive to photosynthesis (source‐driven), ne...
The Forgotten Pink Salmon in the Laurentian Great Lakes: An Unexpected Invasion With Insights for Three OceansNARA Subscribed
Introductions of species outside their native range, such as pink salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha ) in the Laurentian Great Lakes, can serve as unplanned experiments that provide new insights into ecological adaptation. We synthesize available information on the understudied Great Lakes pink salmon invasion and highlight how this case can inform research and management related to expansions and invasions of this species in the...
Interpretable deep learning reveals spatiotemporal MRI features of brain aging that align with neurodegenerationNARA Subscribed
Cortical thinning and atrophy are hallmarks of brain aging that have been characterized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Brain aging involves many neuroanatomic features whose effects on brain structure remain unexplored. To address this challenge, we trained interpretable deep neural networks (DNNs) to estimate brain age (BA) from T 1 -weighted ( T 1 w) MRI. By identifying MRI features unapparent to humans, DNNs can fi...
Climate change challenges forestry in temperate regions, with drought and insect infestations affecting major tree species. Introducing drought-tolerant non-native species into managed forests is a widely discussed adaptive strategy. However, the impact of such interventions on forest nitrogen (N) cycling are still unknown. Here, we investigate the influence of species identity and competition on sapling N form preferences and...
Invertebrate communities in the hyporheic zone are structured by metacommunity processes including environmental filtering and spatial effects (e.g., dispersal). We investigated how these processes differentially influence two functional groups: groundwater-obligate invertebrates (stygobionts) and benthic insects. We predicted that environmental filtering would dominate for insects, while spatial effects would prevail for styg...
Forest Heterogeneity by Chain Saw: How Between‐Patch Variation in Old Growth Attributes Changes the Metacommunities of BeetlesNARA Subscribed
Metacommunity theory has expanded our understanding of how spatial dynamics and local interactions influence species communities. Different assembly archetypes, reflecting different roles of species differences, habitat differences, and dispersal have been described, but we lack empirical studies specifically in terrestrial habitats testing which archetype is most important. In a replicated design, we experimentally enhanced s...